Mineral Resources of the Baboquivari Peak and Coyote Mountains Wilderness Study Areas, Pima County, Arizona
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Mineral Resources of the Baboquivari Peak and Coyote Mountains Wilderness Study Areas, Pima County, Arizona ARIZONA Chapter E Mineral Resources of the Baboquivari Peak and Coyote Mountains Wilderness Study Areas, · Pima County, Arizona By GARY A. NOWLAN, GORDON B. HAXEL, . WILLIAM F. HANNA, JAMES A. PITKIN, and DENNY V. DIVELEY-WHITE U.S. Geological Survey JOHN R. McDONNELL, JR. and WILLIAM LUNDBY U.S. Bureau of Mines U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1702 MINERAL RESOURCES OF WILDERNESS STUDY AREAS: SOUTHWESTERN AND SOUTH-CENTRAL ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR MANUEL LUJAN, JR., Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1989 For sale by the Books and Open-File Reports Section U.S. Geological Survey Federal Center, Box 25425 Denver, CO 80225 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Mineral resources of the Baboquivari Peak and Coyote Mountains Wilderness Study Areas, Pima County, Arizona I by Gary A. Nowlan ... [et al.]. p. em. - (U.S. Geological Survey bulletin ; 1702-E) Bibliography: p. Supt. of Docs. no.: I 19.3:1702-E 1. Mines and mineral resources-Arizona-Baboquivari Peak Wilderness. 2. Mines and mineral resources-Arizona-Coyote Mountains Wilderness. ' 3. Baboquivari Peak Wilderness (Ariz.) 4. Coyote Mountains Wilderness (Ariz.) I. Nowlan, G.A. II. Series. QE75.B9 no. 1702-E 557.3 s-dc20 89-600057 [TN24.A6] [553 1.09791 '77] CIP STUDIES RELATED TO WILDERNESS Bureau of land Management Wilderness Study Areas The Federal Land Policy and Management Act (Public Law 94-579, October 21, 1976) requires the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines to conduct min eral surveys on certain areas to determine L"le mineral values, if any, that may be present Results must be made available to the public and be submitted to the President and the Congress. This report presents the results of mineral surveys of the Baboquivari Peak (AZ-020-203B) and Coyote Mountains (AZ-020-202) Wilderness Study Areas, Pima County, Arizona. CONTENTS Summary El Abstract El Character and setting El Identified mineral resources E3 Mineral resource potential of the Baboquivari Peak Wilderness Study Area E3 Mineral resource potential of the Coyote Mountains Wilderness Study Area E3 Introduction ES Location and physiography ES Previous and present investigations E7 Acknowledgments E8 Appraisal of identified resources E8 Baboquivari Peak Wilderness Study Area E8 Mining history E8 Mineral appraisal E9 Coyote Mountains Wilderness Study Area E9 Mining history E9 - Mineral appraisal Ell Assessment of mineral resource potential El3 Geology El3 Geologic framework of the Baboquivari Mountains El3 Geology of the Baboquivari Peak Wilderness Study Area El3 Geology of the Coyote Mountains Wilderness Study Area El7 Geochemistry El8 Geochemistry of the Baboquivari Peak Wilderness Study Area El8 Geochemistry of the Coyote Mountains Wilderness Study Area El9 Geophysics El9 Aeromagnetics El9 Aerial gamma-ray spectrometry E20 Mineral resource potential of the Baboquivari Peak Wilderness Study Area El9 Polymetallic vein deposits E21 Beryllium-, bismuth-, and thorium-bearing pegmatites E21 Paleoplacer gold-silver deposits E21 Gold-silver deposits associated with an inferred porphyry molybdenum deposit E22 Other commodities E22 Mineral resource potential of the Coyote Mountains Wilderness Study Area E22 Copper skarn and polymetallic replacement deposits E22 Mineralized pegmatites E23 Gold deposits associated with detachment faults E23 Other commodities E24 References cited E24 Appendixes Definition of levels of mineral resource potential and certainty of assessment E28 Resource/reserve classification E29 Geologic time chart E30 FIGURES 1. Index map showing location of the Baboquivari Peak and Coyote Mountains Wilderness Study Areas, Pima County, Arizona E2 2. Map showing mineral resource potential and generalized geology of the Baboquivari Peak Wilderness Study Area, Pima County, Arizona E4 Contents V 3. Map showing mineral resource potential and generalized geology of the Coyote Moun- tains Wilderness Study Area, Pima County, Arizona E6 4. Map showing location of mining and exploration activities, drainage basins, sampling sites, and elements present in anomalous concentrations in and near the Baboquivari Peak Wilderness Study Area, Pima County, Arizona ElO 5. Map showing location of mining and exploration activities, drainage basins, sampling sites, and elements present in anomalous concentrations in and near the Coyote Moun- tains Wilderness Study Area, Pima County, Arizona E14 TABLES 1. Mines, prospects, claims, and mineral occurrences in and near the Baboquivari Peak Wilderness Study Area El2 2. Mines, prospects, and claims in and near the Coyote Mountains Wilderness Study Area E15 VI Contents Mineral Resources of the Baboquivari Peak and Coyote Mountains Wilderness Study Areas, Pima County, Arizona By Gary A. Nowlan, Gordon B. Haxel, William F. Hanna, James A. Pitkin, and Denny V. Diveley-White U.S. Geological Survey John R. McDonnell, Jr. and William Lundby U.S. Bureau of Mines SUMMARY and the southern part of the wilderness study area has low potential for molybdenum resources based on that inferred deposit. Abstract The Coyote Mountains Wilderness Study Area is under At the request of the U.S. Bureau of Land Management, lain by Paleozoic metasedimentary rocks, jurassic granitoids, the 2,065 acres of the Baboquivari Peak Wilderness Study and early Tertiary granite. About 20 mining claims are lo Area (AZ-020-2038) and the 5,080 acres of the Coyote cated in the Coyote Mountains Wilderness Study Area. Parts Mountains Wilderness Study Area (AZ-020-202) were evalu of the Coyote Mountains Wilderness Study Area that are ated for mineral resources (known) and mineral resource underl~in by Paleozoic metasedimentary rocks have high potential (undiscovered). The Baboquivari Peak and Coyote f?Otentlal for resources of copper, tungsten, gold, silver, Mountains Wilderness Study Areas are located in the Ba molybdenum, and zinc in skarn and polymetallic replace boquivari Mountains in central Pima County, Arizona. Field ment deposits. The entire Coyote Mountains Wilderness work for this report was conducted between 1978 and 1987. Study Area has low potential for resources of thorium, nio The Baboquivari Peak Wilderness Study Area is under bium, uranium, and rare-earth elements, such as lanthanum lain by jurassic supracrustal (including granitoid) rocks in and yttrium, in pegmatites. The northeastern part of the truded by middle Tertiary rhyolite dikes (see geologic time Coyote Mountains Wilderness Study Area has moderate po chart in appendixes). One gold-silver occurrence in the tential for gold resources associated with a detachment fault. Baboquivari Peak Wilderness Study Area has been reported. The potential for oil, gas, geothermal energy, and indus The entire Baboquivari Peak Wilderness Study Area has high trial minerals is low in both wilderness study areas. potential for resources of gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, barium, bismuth, manganese, molybdenum, or tungsten in polymetallic veins spatially associated with felsic to interme Character and Setting diate intrusions. The northern part of the Baboquivari Peak Wilderness Study Area has low potential for resources of The Baboquivari Peak and Coyote Mountains Wilder beryllium and bismuth in pegmatites or quartz veins and the entire wilderness study area has low potential for thorium ness Study Areas are located in the central and northern resources in pegmatites. The entire Baboquivari Peak Wilder part, respectively, of the Baboquivari Mountains in central ness Study Area has low potential for gold and silver re Pima County, Arizona. Baboquivari Peak forms the south sources in paleoplacer deposits. The entire Baboquivari Peak western comer of the Baboquivari Peak Wilderness Study Wilderness Study Area has low potential for gold and silver Area (fig. 1). The Coyote Mountains Wi_ldemess Study resources in veins or disseminated deposits associated with the outer halo of an inferred porphyry molybdenum deposit, Area is several miles east of Kitt Peak National Observa tory (fig. 1). Major lithologic units in the Baboquivari Peak Wilder Manuscript approved for publication, December 28, 1988. ness Study Area are Early Jurassic sedimentary, volcanic, Baboquivari Peak and Coyote Mountains Wilderness Study Areas, Pima County, Arizona El ~--·-·---~·-·-·-·--~ I I APPROXIMATE BOUNDARY I OF COYOTE MOUNTAINS I WILDERNESS STUDY AREA i (AZ-020-202) .-·-- 1 I Tohono O'Odham I (Pap ago) ·-·-·-·- Indian Reservation Chutum Vaya 0 5 10 MILES Figure 1. Index map showing location .of the Baboquivari Peak and Coyote Mountains Wilderness Study Areas, Pima County, Arizona. E2 Mineral Resourc~ of Wilderhess Study Areas: Southwestern and South-Central Arizona and hypabyssal rocks of the Pitoikam and Mulberry Wash Study Area. The Late Jurassic granite to which these Volcanic Formations; the Late Jurassic perthite granite of pegmatites are probably related does not extend into the Baboquivari Peak; and the middle Tertiary rhyolite of wilderness study area, but the possibility of isolated beryl Allison Camp. The Early Jurassic supracrustal rocks form and bismuth-bearing pegmatite bodies within the wilder a west-dipping homocline. The Mulberry Wash Volcanic ness study area cannot be precluded. Formation