Eparatory Commission of the United Nations, and Shall Not Require Reference to the General Committee
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The United Nations As a Permanent World Organization
THE UNITED NATIONS AS A PERMANENT WORLD ORGANIZATION By ERIK COLBAN Former Norvegian Ambassador to the United Kingdom. Even those of us, who stille are young, have lived in the time of the Yeague of Nations. We know that that attempt to create a lasting world organization for peace and friendly collaboration be- tween the peoples did not succeed. We now have the United Nations. Is there a prospect that this new attempt, with the same purpose, will prove more capable of surviving? To clear our minds on this question we should begin by con- sidering on general lines the tasks of the organization. We shall then be in a better position to see, how it must be constructed so as to be able. to perform these tasks and survive. The tasks are two-fold: political and non-political. Two world - wars made it natural to place the political task - to secure peace in the foreground both in the Covenant of the League of Nations and in the Charter of the United Nations. But both documents gave also the organization the task to solve economic, social, cultural and humanitarian problems. Let us first examine the political task: consideration and settle- ment of international disputes. On this subject the system embodied in the Charter of the United Nations is in general the same as that of the Covenant of the League of Nations: the Member States undertake to stand one for all and all for one against the State which violates the peace. The system failed in the days of the League, because the States which violated the peace were Great Powers and because the United States of America remained outside the orga- nization. -
1 Introduction
Notes 1 Introduction 1. Donald Macintyre, Narvik (London: Evans, 1959), p. 15. 2. See Olav Riste, The Neutral Ally: Norway’s Relations with Belligerent Powers in the First World War (London: Allen and Unwin, 1965). 3. Reflections of the C-in-C Navy on the Outbreak of War, 3 September 1939, The Fuehrer Conferences on Naval Affairs, 1939–45 (Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1990), pp. 37–38. 4. Report of the C-in-C Navy to the Fuehrer, 10 October 1939, in ibid. p. 47. 5. Report of the C-in-C Navy to the Fuehrer, 8 December 1939, Minutes of a Conference with Herr Hauglin and Herr Quisling on 11 December 1939 and Report of the C-in-C Navy, 12 December 1939 in ibid. pp. 63–67. 6. MGFA, Nichols Bohemia, n 172/14, H. W. Schmidt to Admiral Bohemia, 31 January 1955 cited by Francois Kersaudy, Norway, 1940 (London: Arrow, 1990), p. 42. 7. See Andrew Lambert, ‘Seapower 1939–40: Churchill and the Strategic Origins of the Battle of the Atlantic, Journal of Strategic Studies, vol. 17, no. 1 (1994), pp. 86–108. 8. For the importance of Swedish iron ore see Thomas Munch-Petersen, The Strategy of Phoney War (Stockholm: Militärhistoriska Förlaget, 1981). 9. Churchill, The Second World War, I, p. 463. 10. See Richard Wiggan, Hunt the Altmark (London: Hale, 1982). 11. TMI, Tome XV, Déposition de l’amiral Raeder, 17 May 1946 cited by Kersaudy, p. 44. 12. Kersaudy, p. 81. 13. Johannes Andenæs, Olav Riste and Magne Skodvin, Norway and the Second World War (Oslo: Aschehoug, 1966), p. -
The Comic in the Theatre of Moliere and of Ionesco: a Comparative Study
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1965 The omicC in the Theatre of Moliere and of Ionesco: a Comparative Study. Sidney Louis Pellissier Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Pellissier, Sidney Louis, "The omicC in the Theatre of Moliere and of Ionesco: a Comparative Study." (1965). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 1088. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/1088 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This dissertation has been microfilmed exactly as received 66-744 PELLISSIER, Sidney Louis, 1938- s THE COMIC IN THE THEATRE OF MO LI ERE AND OF IONESCO: A COMPARATIVE STUDY. Louisiana State University, Ph.D., 1965 Language and Literature, modern University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan THE COMIC IN THE THEATRE OF MOLIHRE AND OF IONESCO A COMPARATIVE STUDY A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Foreign Languages btf' Sidney L . ,') Pellissier K.A., Louisiana State University, 19&3 August, 19^5 DEDICATION The present study is respectfully dedicated the memory of Dr. Calvin Evans. ii ACKNO'.-'LEDGEKiNT The writer wishes to thank his major professor, Dr. -
Scandinavian Journal of History, 44(4), 454-483
Coversheet This is the accepted manuscript (post-print version) of the article. Contentwise, the accepted manuscript version is identical to the final published version, but there may be differences in typography and layout. How to cite this publication Please cite the final published version: Gram-Skjoldager, K., Ikonomou, H., & Kahlert, T. (2019). Scandinavians and the League of Nations Secretariat, 1919-1946. Scandinavian Journal of History, 44(4), 454-483. https://doi.org/10.1080/03468755.2019.1566170 Publication metadata Title: Scandinavians and the League of Nations Secretariat, 1919-1946 Author(s): Karen Gram-Skjoldager, Haakon A. Ikonomou & Torsten Kahlert Journal: Scandinavian Journal of History DOI/Link: 10.1080/03468755.2019.1566170 Document version: Accepted manuscript (post-print) General Rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognize and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. If the document is published under a Creative Commons license, this applies instead of the general rights. This coversheet template is made available by AU Library Version 2.0, December 2017 Scandinavians and the League of Nations Secretariat, 1919-1946 Karen Gram-Skjoldager, Haakon A. -
FABRICATING FIDELITY: NATION-BUILDING, INTERNATIONAL LAW, and the GREEK-TURKISH POPULATION EXCHANGE by Umut Özsu a Thesis
FABRICATING FIDELITY: NATION-BUILDING, INTERNATIONAL LAW, AND THE GREEK-TURKISH POPULATION EXCHANGE by Umut Özsu A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Juridical Sciences Faculty of Law University of Toronto © Copyright by Umut Özsu (2011) Abstract FABRICATING FIDELITY: NATION-BUILDING, INTERNATIONAL LAW, AND THE GREEK-TURKISH POPULATION EXCHANGE Umut Özsu Doctor of Juridical Sciences (S.J.D.) Faculty of Law University of Toronto 2011 This dissertation concerns a crucial episode in the international legal history of nation-building: the Greek-Turkish population exchange. Supported by Athens and Ankara, and implemented largely by the League of Nations, the population exchange showcased the new pragmatism of the post-1919 order, an increased willingness to adapt legal doctrine to local conditions. It also exemplified a new mode of non-military nation-building, one initially designed for sovereign but politico-economically weak states on the semi-periphery of the international legal order. The chief aim here, I argue, was not to organize plebiscites, channel self-determination claims, or install protective mechanisms for vulnerable minorities Ŕ all familiar features of the Allied Powers‟ management of imperial disintegration in central and eastern Europe after the First World War. Nor was the objective to restructure a given economy and society from top to bottom, generating an entirely new legal order in the process; this had often been the case with colonialism in Asia and Africa, and would characterize much of the mandates system ii throughout the interwar years. Instead, the goal was to deploy a unique mechanism Ŕ not entirely in conformity with European practice, but also distinct from non-European governance regimes Ŕ to reshape the demographic composition of Greece and Turkey. -
RESEARCH in the HISTORY of ECONOMIC THOUGHT and METHODOLOGY RESEARCH in the HISTORY of ECONOMIC THOUGHT and METHODOLOGY Founding Editor: Warren J
RESEARCH IN THE HISTORY OF ECONOMIC THOUGHT AND METHODOLOGY RESEARCH IN THE HISTORY OF ECONOMIC THOUGHT AND METHODOLOGY Founding Editor: Warren J. Samuels (1933–2011) Series Editors: Luca Fiorito, Scott Scheall, and Carlos Eduardo Suprinyak Recent Volumes: Volume 35A: Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology: Including a Symposium on the Historical Epistemology of Economics; 2017 Volume 35B: Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology: Including a Symposium on New Directions in Sraffa Scholarship; 2017 Volume 36A: Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology: Including a Symposium on Bruce Caldwell’s Beyond Positivism after 35 Years; 2018 Volume 36B: Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology: Including a Symposium on the Work of Mary Morgan: Curiosity, Imagination, and Surprise; 2018 Volume 36C: Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology: Including a Symposium on Latin American Monetary Thought: Two Centuries in Search of Originality; 2018 Volume 37A: Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology: Including a Symposium on 50 Years of the Union for Radical Political Economics; 2019 Volume 37B: Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology: Including a Symposium on Ludwig Lachmann; 2019 Volume 37C: Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology: Including a Symposium on Robert Heilbroner at 100; 2019 Volume 38A: Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology: Including a Symposium on Public Finance in the History of Economic Thought; 2020 EDITORIAL BOARD Michele Alacevich Nicola Giocoli University of Bologna, Italy University of Pisa, Italy Rebeca Gomez Betancourt Harald Hagemann University of Lumière Lyon 2, France University of Hohenheim, Germany John Davis Tiago Mata Marquette University, USA; University University College, London, of Amsterdam, The Netherlands UK Till Düppe Steven Medema Université du Québec à Montréal, University of Colorado Denver, Canada USA Ross Emmett Gary Mongiovi Arizona State University, USA St. -
Tocqueville in the Classroom: Exploring Democracy in America. INSTITUTION C-SPAN, Washington, DC
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 419 748 SO 028 857 AUTHOR Frantzich, Stephen, Ed.; Splaine, John TITLE Tocqueville in the Classroom: Exploring Democracy in America. INSTITUTION C-SPAN, Washington, DC. PUB DATE 1997-00-00 NOTE 80p. AVAILABLE FROM C-SPAN in the Classroom, 400 North Capitol Street, NW, Suite 650, Washington, DC 20001. PUB TYPE Guides Non-Classroom (055) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC04 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Constitutional History; *Democracy; Democratic Values; Elementary Secondary Education; Federalism; *Freedom; *North American History; Social Studies; *United States History IDENTIFIERS *Beaumont (Gustave de); *Tocqueville (Alexis de) ABSTRACT This learning packet is divided into two parts with eleven chapters. Part 1 provides background information retracing Alexis de Tocqueville's 1831-32 tour of North America which led to the publication of "Democracy in America." Part 2 contains a short description of the seven primary themes emphasized by de Tocqueville with issues more fully explored in the teaching modules at the end of each chapter. Chapter titles include: (1) "Studying America: The Itinerary for Alexis de Tocqueville and Gustave de Beaumont"; (2) "Alexis de Tocqueville: A Timeline Biography (1805-1859)"; (3) "Gustave de Beaumont: A Timeline Biography (1802-1866)"; (4) "Brief Biographies of Some Tocqueville Interviewees"; (5) "The Journey and North American Geography"; (6) "Social and Cultural Issues in American Democracy"; (7) "Political Issues in American Democracy"; (8) "Media and the Press in American Democracy";(9) "Associations in American Democracy"; (10) "Race and Gender in American Democracy"; and (11) "Research Methodology/Teaching Methodology." An accompanying booklet contains the "1996-97 Equipment-For-Education Grant Winning Entries." The teacher-authors' winning lesson plans were chosen based on the ease in translating the substantive ideas of the lessons to text. -
Alexis De Tocqueville and the Making of the Modern World
ALEXIS DE TOCQUEVILLE AND THE MAKING OF THE MODERN WORLD By Alan Macfarlane 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements 3 Note on References, Conventions and Measures 4 Abbreviated titles of works by Alexis de Tocqueville 5 Preface 6 1. Tocqueville’s Life and Vision 7 2. Tocqueville’s Method 12 3. ‘America’ as a Thought Experiment – 1 21 4. ‘America’ as a Thought Experiment – 2 35 5. English Origins – 1 49 6. English Origins – 2 65 7. Fragile Liberty – 1 77 8. Fragile Liberty – 2 91 Bibliography 104 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS As with all books, this is a composite work and I would like to thank some of the many people who have helped me on the way to completing it. Andrew Morgan and Harry Pitt, former teachers, originally inspired me with an interest in history and in particular in Tocqueville. Penny Lang typed, checked, and commented on numerous versions of the text. Iris Macfarlane read the text several times. John Davey read the typescript twice and was his usual encouraging and wise self. Gabriel Andrade checked the proof of the electronic book version. Cecilia Scurrah Ehrhart carefully checked the footnotes. Lily Harrison Blakely through her birth gave me inspiration. To these I would like to add the University of Tokyo, and in particular Professor Takeo Funabiki, which funded a sabbatical term during which, among other things, I re-wrote sections of the text. Marilyn Strathern for, once again, shielding me from administrative pressures and for wise leadership. To Cherry Bryant for reading and checking the text several times. Michael Lotus encouraged me to abstract the book from its larger context and to publish it as an e-book. -
World Health Organization
1 WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION INTERNATIONAL AGENCY FOR RESEARCH ON CANCER The Origin of the International Agency for Research on Cancer By R. Sohier and A.G.B. Sutherland Translated by John Cheney IARC Technical Report No. 6 Lyon 2015 2 Published by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France © International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2015 Translation of: La genèse du Centre international de Recherche sur le Cancer (Rapport technique du CIRC No. 6), 1990 ISBN 978-92-832-2455-6 Publications of the World Health Organization enjoy copyright protection in accordance with the provisions of Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. All rights reserved. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city, or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this publication. The International Agency for Research on Cancer welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publications, in part or in full. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate IARC publications – whether for sale or for non-commercial distribution – should be addressed to the IARC Communications Group, at: [email protected]. Note from the translator: This account of the process by which IARC came into being in the 1960s is based largely upon official documents, working papers, and correspondence that have been preserved, although much seems to have been lost. -
Havana Charter for an International Trade Organization, Including Annexes 9
UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT HELD AT HAVANA, CUBA FROM NOVEMBER 21, 1947, TO MARCH 24, 1948 _______________ FINAL ACT AND RELATED DOCUMENTS INTERIM COMMISSION FOR THE INTERNATIONAL TRADE ORGANIZATION LAKE SUCCESS, NEW YORK APRIL, 1948 - 2 - The present edition of the Final Act and Related Documents has been reproduced from the text of the signature copy and is identical with that contained in United Nations document E/Conf. 2/78. This edition has been issued in larger format in order to facilitate its use by members of the Interim Commission. - 3 - FINAL ACT OF THE UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT - 4 - TABLE OF CONTENTS Page I. Final Act of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Employment VII II. Havana Charter for an International Trade Organization, including Annexes 9 III. Resolutions adopted by the Conference 117 - 5 - FINAL ACT OF THE UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND EMPLOYMENT The Economic and Social Council of the United Nations, by a resolution dated February 18, 1946, resolved to call an International Conference on Trade and Employment for the purpose of promoting the expansion of the production, exchange and consumption of goods. The Conference, which met at Havana on November 21, 1947, and ended on March 24, 1948, drew up the Havana Charter for an International Trade Organization to be submitted to the Governments represented. The text of the Charter in the English and French languages is annexed hereto and is hereby authenticated. The authentic text of the Charter in the Chinese, Russian and Spanish languages will be established by the Interim Commission of the International Trade Organization, in accordance with the procedure approved by the Conference. -
Who's Afraid of Violent Language?
01 ANT 3-3 Cowan (JB/D) 7/8/03 1:03 pm Page 271 Anthropological Theory Copyright © 2003 SAGE Publications (London, Thousand Oaks, CA and New Delhi) Vol 3(3): 271–291 [1463-4996(200309)3:3;271–291;035238] Who’s afraid of violent language? Honour, sovereignty and claims-making in the League of Nations Jane K. Cowan University of Sussex, UK Abstract The peace treaties following the Great War dictated that certain nation-states accept, as the price of international recognition, agreements to protect the rights of their minority populations. Responsibility to ‘guarantee’ and ‘supervise’ the minority treaties fell to a novel and untried international institution, the League of Nations. It established the ‘minority petition procedure’, an unprecedented innovation within international relations that initiated transnational claims-making. Focusing on the supervision of agreements pertaining to the Macedonian region, I examine how the Minorities Section of the League of Nations Secretariat handled ‘minority petitions’ alleging state infractions of minority treaties. I consider, in particular, a preoccupation among both bureaucrats and states with ‘violent language’ in petitions. I argue that this preoccupation signalled anxieties about honour, sovereignty and legitimacy, about the ambiguous position of ‘minority states’ and about the potentially explosive effects of popular energies in the post-war international order. Key Words bureaucracy • claims-making • international institutions • League of Nations • minorities • minority treaties • petitions • rights • sovereignty • violent language The redrawing of European state boundaries at the Versailles Peace Conference in 1918–1919 had dramatic consequences for the inhabitants of the now disintegrated Ottoman, Hapsburg and Romanov empires. If the peace settlement gave 60 million ‘their own’ national state, more than half that number, who saw themselves, or were seen by others, as distinct from the majority population, confronted a different fate. -
MEETING of STATES PARTIES Fifth Meeting New York, 24 July-2 August 1996
UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON THE LAW OF THE SEA SPLOS Distr. MEETING OF GENERAL STATES PARTIES SPLOS/11 25 June 1996 ENGLISH ORIGINAL: ARABIC/CHINESE/ENGLISH/ FRENCH/RUSSIAN/SPANISH MEETING OF STATES PARTIES Fifth meeting New York, 24 July-2 August 1996 CURRICULA VITAE OF CANDIDATES NOMINATED BY STATES PARTIES FOR ELECTION TO THE INTERNATIONAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE LAW OF THE SEA Note by the Secretary-General CONTENTS Page I. INTRODUCTION ..................................................... 3 II. CURRICULA VITAE .................................................. 4 AKL, Joseph ...................................................... 4 ANDERSON, David Heywood .......................................... 6 ATTARD, David J. ................................................. 9 BULA-BULA, Raymond Sayeman ....................................... 20 CAMINOS, Hugo .................................................... 22 DEGNI-SEGUI, René ................................................ 33 EIRIKSSON, Gudmundur ............................................. 37 EL-HUSSEIN, Ali Khalid ........................................... 39 ENGO, Paul Bamela ................................................ 42 FOMBA, Salifou ................................................... 47 96-15821 (E) 050796 /... SPLOS/11 English Page 2 CONTENTS (continued) Page HAKAPÄÄ, Kari .................................................... 49 JACOVIDES, Andreas J. ............................................ 51 KOLODKIN, Anatoly Lazarevich ..................................... 59 LAING, Edward