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AMERICA's ANNEXATION of HAWAII by BECKY L. BRUCE
A LUSCIOUS FRUIT: AMERICA’S ANNEXATION OF HAWAII by BECKY L. BRUCE HOWARD JONES, COMMITTEE CHAIR JOSEPH A. FRY KARI FREDERICKSON LISA LIDQUIST-DORR STEVEN BUNKER A DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History in the Graduate School of The University of Alabama TUSCALOOSA, ALABAMA 2012 Copyright Becky L. Bruce 2012 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ABSTRACT This dissertation argues that the annexation of Hawaii was not the result of an aggressive move by the United States to gain coaling stations or foreign markets, nor was it a means of preempting other foreign nations from acquiring the island or mending a psychic wound in the United States. Rather, the acquisition was the result of a seventy-year relationship brokered by Americans living on the islands and entered into by two nations attempting to find their place in the international system. Foreign policy decisions by both nations led to an increasingly dependent relationship linking Hawaii’s stability to the U.S. economy and the United States’ world power status to its access to Hawaiian ports. Analysis of this seventy-year relationship changed over time as the two nations evolved within the world system. In an attempt to maintain independence, the Hawaiian monarchy had introduced a westernized political and economic system to the islands to gain international recognition as a nation-state. This new system created a highly partisan atmosphere between natives and foreign residents who overthrew the monarchy to preserve their personal status against a rising native political challenge. These men then applied for annexation to the United States, forcing Washington to confront the final obstacle in its rise to first-tier status: its own reluctance to assume the burdens and responsibilities of an imperial policy abroad. -
Overthrow Kinzer.Pdf
NATIONAL BESTSELLER "A detailed, I)assionateandconvincingbook ... [wilh] lhe pace and grip ofagood lhriller." - TheNew York Tillles BookReview STEPHEN KINZER AUTHOR OF ALL THE SHAH'S MEN OVERTHROW ___________4 _____ 4 __ 111_11 __iii _2_~ __11 __ __ AMERICA'S CENTURY OF REGIME CHANGE FROM HAWAII TO IRAQ STEPHEN KINZER TIM E S BOO K S Henry Holt and Company New York Times Books Henry Holt and Company, LLC Publishers since 1866 175 Fifth Avenue New York, New York 10010 www.henryholt.com Henry Holt® is a registered trademark of Henry Holt and Company, LLC. Copyright © 2006 by Stephen Kinzer All rights reserved. Distributed in Canada by H. B. Fenn and Company Ltd. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Kinzer, Stephen. Overthrow: America's century of regime change from Hawaii to Iraq I Stephen Kinzer. -1st ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-8050-8240-1 ISBN-1O: 0-8050-8240-9 1. United States-Foreign relations-20th century. 2. Hawaii-History Overthrow of the Monarchy, 1893.3. Iraq War, 2003- 4. Intervention (Internationallaw)-History-20th century. 5. Legitimacy of governments-History-20th century. I. Title. E744.K49 2006 327. 73009-dc22 2005054856 Henry Holt books are available for special promotions and premiums. For details contact: Director, Special Markets. Originally published in hardcover in 2006 by Times Books First Paperback Edition 2007 Designed by Kelly S. Too Printed in the United States of America 791086 Time present and time past Are both perhaps present in time future, And time future contained in time past. -T. -
Administrative Officials, Classified by Functions
i-*-.- I. •^1 TH E BO OK OF THE STATES SUPPLEl^ENT II JULY, 1961 ADMINISTRATIVE OfnciAts Classified by Functions m %r^ V. X:\ / • ! it m H^ g»- I' # f K- i 1 < 1 » I'-- THE BOOK ••<* OF THE STATES SUPPLEMENT IJ July, 1961 '.•**••** ' ******* ********* * * *.* ***** .*** ^^ *** / *** ^m *** '. - THE council OF STATE fiOVERNMEIITS ADMINKJTRATIV E O FFICIALS Classified by Fun ctions The Council of State Governments Chicago . ^ V /fJ I ^. sir:. \ i i- m m f. .V COPYRIGHT, 1961, BY - The Council of State Governments 131.3 East Sixtieth Street Chicago 37, Illinois m ¥ m-'^ m.. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 35-11433 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AUERICA «; Price, $2.50 \V FOREWORD This publication is the second of two Supplements to the 196Q-61 edition of The Book of the States, the biennial reference work on the organizationj working methods, financing and services of all the state governments. The present volimie, SupplementJI, based on information received from the states up to May 15, 1961, contains state-by-state rosters of principal administrative officials of the states, whether elected or appointed, and the Chief Justices of the Supreme Cou?&. It concludes with a roster of interstate agencies in many functional fields. Supplement I, issued in February, 1961, listed sill state officials and Supreme Court Justices elected by ^statewid'*., popular vote, and the members and officers of the legislatures. _j The Council of State Governments gratefully acknowledges the invaluable help of the members of the legislative service agencies and the many other state officials who have furnished the information used in this publication. -
Calculated for the Use of the State Of
i: m^4- 3n.3M31 H41 A " REGISTER, AND FOR 1835. ALSO CITY OFFICERS IN BOSTON, AND OTHER USEFUL INFORMATION. BOSTON: JAMES LORING, 132 WASHINGTON STREET. — ECLIPSES IN 1835. Tliere will be bvt two Eclipses this year of the Sun, and one of the Monty and a Transit of Mercury, as follows, viz.— I. The first will be of the Sun, May, 27th day, 8h. 48m. evening, invisible. II. The second will be of the Moon, June, 10th day, 6h. Im. eve- ning, invisible. III. The third will be of the Sun, November, 26th day, 5h. 46m. morning, invisible. The Transit of the Planet Mercury, over the Sun's Disk, will take place, November, 7th day, partly visible, as follows, viz. Transit begins Oh. 46m. "^ Mercury wholly entered on the Sun...O 49 / Mo=n *imtx Nearest the Sun's centre 3 21 V^t^n®^®"' Sun's lowest limb sets 4 42 C Transit ends 5 56 j ^ Nearest approach to the Sun's centre, 5m. 34sec. ^fCr The Compiler of the Register has endeavoured to be accurate in all the statements and names which it contains ; but when the difficulties in such a compilation are considered, and the constant changes which are occurring, by new elections, deaths, &c. it is seen at once to be impossible to attain perfect accuracy. He therefore distinctly states, that he declines this responsibleness, and only pre- sents information to the best of his knowledge. 3)7,3 M3 Mil A INDEX. Academy of Music ... 165 Convention of Cong. Min. 123 Agricultural Society .. -
Vital Records of Bolton, Massachusetts, to the End of The
BOLTON VITAL RECORDS ii^ -1 ^ Smttmntit ?^isstorg if ttn* ---ggf; f 3,/ AiV CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME OF THE SAGE ENDO'WMENT FUND GIVEN IN 189I BY HENRY WILLIAMS SAGE _ y.f,r a?"'" •University Library ^"^iiiiH mu^HiiSriiPil, .fl°"°"? Massachusetts, 3 1924 028 819 352 olin Cornell University Library The original of this bool< is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924028819352 Instituted in i80. VITAL RECORDS OF Bolton, MASSACHUSETTS, To the end of the year 1849. WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS : PUBLISHED BY FRANKLIN P. RICE, Trustee of the Fund. I9IO. t. OUKM I I tiKlVliKll'l Y /)73r?77 Stanbope ipteeft COMPAMV r. H. CII'SOH BOSTON. U.S.A. ^ 'I li'.ViHVIKil'J Publisher's Note. The list of Bolton Births, Marriages and Deaths comprised in this volume includes all that were found in the Town ?ooks covering the period from the earliest date there recorded to the end of the year 1849. Some additions have been made from other sources, and these are indicated in each instance by proper reference. All of the records are condensed in print as much as is con- sistent with intelligibility, accuracy, and completeness of infor- mation. Differences in duplicates, and explanatory or other matter which seemed necessary or desirable, appear in brackets. Marriages and intentions of marriage are printed under the names of both parties, but the full information concerning each person is given only under his or her name. -
Annual Report of the Selectmen and Other Officers Town of Rye, New
15Z..07 9k3 _ ^ ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Selectmen and Other Officers RYE TOWN HALL TOWN OF RYE NEW HAMPSHIRE FOR THE YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 1963 ^ 4> Strawberry Bank Print Shop, 63 Market Street, Portsmouth, N. H. Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2010 with funding from Boston Library Consortium Member Libraries http://www.archive.org/details/annualreportofto1963ryen ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Selectmen and Other Officers TOWN OF RYE NEW HAMPSHIRE FOR THE YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 1963 Town Officers Moderator Philip S. Drake Town Clerk Raelene L. White Selectmen Robert B. Goss Ralph F. Hammond Edward L. Greene Treasurer Mildred I. Rand Representatives to the General Court Elizabeth A. Greene Maynard L. Young Jr. Tax Collector Norman L. Jenness Cemetery Trustees John H. Manning Charles P. Gordon Frank J. Caswell School Board Ralph E. Morang Buford Potts Helen J. Potvin School Treasurer Lillian B. Bemis Supervisors of the Checklist Annie B. Beals Ralph E. Berry John W. Patrick Library Trustees Elizabeth A. Greene Helen F. Philbrick Francis W. Sykes Trustees of Trust Funds Melvin R. Low John L. Parsons Agnes M. Brown, Deceased Ralph W. Eaton, Appointed Highway Agent Charles P. Gordon Police Department Eli W. Perry, Chief Municipal Court Gerald F. Giles Richard E. Dill Justice Special Justice Christopher S. Christo, Clerk Fire Department Charles P. Gordon, Chief Fire Wards Urban A. Beane George O. Philbrick, Jr. William R. Jenness State Forest Fire Warden Edward L. Greene Auditors John E. Johnston Ralph E. Berry Health Officer Walter M. Anderson, M. D. Supervisor of Cemetery Harbor Master John H. -
Annual Report of the Town of Chelmsford
imMrlj.fftfcAK ANNUAL REPORT OF THE own of Chelmsford Receipts and Expenditures TOGETHER WITH THE School Report and Report of the Trustees of the Adams Library Year Ending December 31, 1924 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Town of Chelmsford Receipts and Expenditures TOGETHER WITH THE School Report and Report of the Trustees of the Adams Library Year Ending December 31, 1924 Sullivan Bros., Printers 238 Central Street Town Clerk's Report OFFICERS ELECTED Moderator WALTER PERHAM (Term Expires 1925) Town Clerk HAROLD C. PETTERSON (Term Expires 1927) Selectmen and Overseers of tlie Poor GEORGE RIGBY Term Expires 1927 GEORGE W. DAY Term Expires 1926 WILLIAM E. BELLEVILLE Term Expires 1925 Treasurer and Tax Collector ERVIN W. SWEETSER (Term Expires 1925) Assessors WILLIAM J. QUIGLEY Term Expires 1927 WARREN WRIGHT Term Expires 1926 HERBERT C. SWEETSER Term Expires 1925 Tree Warden MINOT A. BEAN (Term Expires 1925) Board of Health ELIPHALET G. BROWN Term Expires 1927 J. CLARK OSTERHOUT Term Expires 1926 GEORGE A. McNULTY Term Expires 1925 School Committee CHARLES H. CLOUGH Term Expires 1927 FRANK J. LUPIEN Term Expires 1926 HERBERT WATERHOUSE Term Expires 1925 Park Commissioners FRED L. FLETCHER Term Expires 1927 PATRICK S. WARD Term Expires 1926 WALTER H. MERRILL Term Expires 1925 Cemetery Commissioners ARTHUR O. WHEELER Term Expires 1927 BAYARD C. DEAN Term Expires 1926 RALPH P. ADAMS Term Expires 1925 Trustees of Adams Library ALBERT H. DAVIS Term Expires 1927 A. HEADY PARK FRANCES CLARK Term Expires 1926. ..... .WILSON WATERS LUELLA H. S. CLARK. .Term Expires 1925 LOTTIE L. SNOW Insurancee Fund Commissioners WILLIAM H SHEDD Term Expires 1927 WILLIAM J. -
Ocm08458220-1840.Pdf (12.41Mb)
317.3M31 M41 A MASSACHUSETTS REGISTER, Slntt^tr states? ©alcntiat, FOR 1840. \ CONTAINING THE TARIFF, THE IjXSOLVEJVT LAW, CITY OFFICERS IN BOSTON, AND OTHER USEFUL INFORMATION. BOSTON: PUBLISHED BY JAMES LORING, 13 2 Washington Street. SOLZPSBg IN 1840. There will be four eclipses this year j two of the sun, and two of the moon. I. A partial eclipse of the moon, commencing on the morning of February 17, at 6h. 49m., and ending at lOh. ; invisible in Massa- chusetts, but partly visible in some of the western States. ir. An annular eclipse of the sun, March 3 ; invisible in the tTnU ted States. Its first contact on our globe will be in the Indian Ocean, lat. 2 deg. 31 min. S., and long. 71 deg. 2 min. E., at 8h. 43 min.P.M. The dark shadow having passed over the China Sea and the Pacific Ocean, will leave our globe in the sea of Kamschatka, lat. 53 deg. 49 min. N., and long. 166 deg. 52 min. E., on the morning of the 4th, at Ih. 45m. This eclipse will be visible in China, Tartary and Japan. in. A partial eclipse of the moon, August 13, visible to every part of North and South America. First contact with dark shadow, Ih. 14m. Middle of eclipse, 2h. 39m. Last contact with the moon, 4h. 4m. Digits eclipsed 7d. 17m. Northern Jimb. IV. A total eclipse of the sun, August 26, invisible in the western hemisphere. This eclipse will commence on the evening of the 26th, at llh. 20m., and end on the 27th, at 4h. -
The College Catalogue
THE COLLEGE CATALOGUE This issue of The Bulletin contains the cat- alogue of the College for the sessions of 1933- 34 which is part of the Seventy-first Annual Report of the Massachusetts State College and as such is part II of Public Document 31. (Sec. 8, Chapter 75 of the General Laws of Massachusetts.) 7m— ll-'33. No. 9732 Publication of this Document approved by the Commission on Administration and Finance CONTENTS. Calendar, 1934-35 3 The Trustees 4 Officers of the Institution 6 Standing Committees 17 General Information 19 Admission .... 33 Collegiate Courses of Instruction 42 Description of. Courses . 45 Graduate School . 97 Summer School 98 Non-Degree Courses of Instruction 99 Degrees Conferred — 1933 101 Registration 103 Index ..... 126 Legislation Pertaining to the College. Without excluding other scientific and classical studies, and including military tactics, to teach such branches of learning as are related to agriculture and me- chanic arts in such manner as the legislatures of the states may respectively prescribe, in order to promote the liberal and practical education of the indus- trial classes in the several pursuits and professions of life. — Act of Congress, July 2, 1862. The College Charter. — "The leading object of the college shall be to teach subjects relating to agriculture and the mechanic arts, so as to promote liberal and practical education. Its curriculum may include other scientific and clas- sical studies and shall include military tactics." — From Chapter 75 of the Gen- eral Laws of Massachusetts. FOREWORD. This issue of the catalogue presents a description of the course of study as it is planned for the college year 1934-35. -
Calculated for the Use of the State Of
317.3M31 A ; ACHU SETTS REGISTER, mmtttf states ealrnlrstr For the Year of our Lord Being second after Bissextile, or Leap Tear, and Fifty-fourth of American Independence. CONTAINING Civil^ Judicial^ Ecclesiastical and Militcry Lists in Associations, and Corporate Institutions For Literary, Agricultural, and Cliaritable Purposes. |^^ A List of Post-Towns in Massachusetts, with the Ij^r- names of the post-masters. }^ CITY OFFICERS IN BOSTON. ALSO, CATALaJGUES of the Officers of the Witli its several Departments and Establishments ; Times of the Sittings of the several Courts ; Governors in each Stale ; And a Variety of other Interesting Articles. BOSTON: RICHARDSON, LORD, & HOLBROOK, AND JAMES LORING. f ECLIPSES— 1830. There will be six Eclipses this year, four of the Suif, and two of the Moon, in the following order, viz .• I. The first will be of the Sun, February 22d, llh. 52m. in the evening, of course invisible to us. II. The second will be of the Moon, March 9th, 8h. 47m. morning, invisible. III. The third will be of the Sun, March 24th, lOh. Om. morning, invisible. IV. The fourth will be of the Sun, August 18th, 7h. 9m. morning, invisible. V. The fifth will be of the Moon, the 2d day of Sep- tember, partly visible. Beginning 4h. Middle Moon rises totally eclipsed End of total darkness . End Digits eclipsed, 21o 40' on the Moon's S. Limb. VI. The sixth is of the Sun, Sept. Itith, 9h. 44m. evening, invisible. M i- i Digitized by tine Internet Arcliive in 2009 witli funding from University of IVIassacliusetts, Boston Iittp://www.arcliive.org/details/pocketalmanackfol830amer JANUARY, 1830, begins on Friday. -
Ocm08458220-1838.Pdf (11.83Mb)
cc. .'^'. ' \^mmj< 'V'\;;h" ; : t'.';\"- ' r:-* 317.3M31 H41 A Digitized by tine Internet Arciiive in 2009 witii funding from University of IViassaciiusetts, Boston ittp://www.arcli ive.org/details/pocketalmanackfo1838amer MASSACHUSETTS REGISTER, AND 1838.A> ... ^ CITY OFFICERS IN BOSTON, AND OTHER USEFUL INFORMATION. BOSTON: PUBLISHED BY JAMES LORING, 1 3 2 Washington Street. ECLIPSES IN 1838, 1. There will be an Eclipse of the Sun on the 25th of March, at 5h. Im. in the afternoon, invisible to us on account of the Moon's southern latitude. 2. There will be an Eclipse of the Moon on the 9th of April, in the evening, visible Beginning, .... 7h. 46m. Middle, 9 13 Ecliptical opposition, . 9 21 End, 10 40 Digits eclipsed, 7 deg. on the Moon's northern limb. 3. There will be an Eclipse of the Sun on Tuesday, Sept. 18, in the afternoon, visible. Beginning, .... 3h. 27m. Greatest obscuration, . 4 46 End, 5 57 Duration of the eclipse, . 2 30 Digits eclipsed, 10 deg. 51m. on the Sun's south limb. This eclipse will pass central and annular from Michigan through a part of Upper Canada, Lake Erie, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Vir- ginia, and enter the Atlantic Ocean near Cape Charles. The Central eclipse will pass a little south of Washington, but the annular eclipse will extend to New York one way, and nearly to Raleigh the other. The duration of the ring, at places where the eclipse is central, will be about 6m. 6s. of time. 4. There will be an Eclipse of the Moon on the 3d of October, at lOh. -
Annual Commencement / Northwestern University
Northwestern University Ninety-First Annual Commencement Monday, June ij, ig^g CAMPUS MEADOW, EVANSTON, ILLINOIS THE PLEDGE Traditionally Taken By Northwestern Graduates on Receiving Their Degrees With a solemn sense of my responsibility I PLEDGE myself to hold my degree as a sacred trust, WITH untarnished HONOR TO MYSELF, IN GENEROUS LOYALTY TO ALMA MATER, AND WITH FIDELITY TO MY COUNTRY, MY FELLOW MEN, AND MY GOD. The Program PROCESSIONAL THE NATIONAL ANTHEM (The first stanza) (The audience will please remain standing until the Invocation has been pronounced) INVOCATION The Reverend James C. McLeod University Chaplain AWARDING OF CITATIONS TO FACULTY MEMBERS WHO WILL RETIRE FROM ACTIVE SERVICE ON 31 AUGUST 1949 Professor Leslie B. Arey Secretary of The University Senate Ethel Vaughan, Assistant Professor of Romance Languages Ernst Hellinger, Professor of Mathematics Alexander A. Day, Professor of Bacteriology Robert E. Blackwell, Professor of Operative Dentistry George B. Denton, Professor of Dental History and Literature Louie W. Webb, Professor of Education AWARDING OF CERTIFICATES Franklyn B. Snyder AND CONFERRING OF DEGREES President of the University CHARGE TO THE GRADUATING CLASS The President of the University CONFERRING OF HONORARY DEGREES HYMN: AMERICA (The first and last stanzas) DELIVERY OF DIPLOMAS The Deans of the Schools BENEDICTION The University Chaplain I 1 I I The Honorary Degrees Doctor of Sacred Theology — Louis Leopold Mann Rabbi of Chicago Sinai Congregation for more than quarter of a century; eminent scholar in Oriental languages; a founder of the Hillel Foundations in American Universities; long a champion of just causes and voice for the inarticulate and exploited; author, lecturer, pastor and counselor, he has admirably served his fellowmen and his God.