State of Emergency on Table Amid Pandemic
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Corruption, Violence and Gender 1
Corruption, Violence and Gender 1 Corruption, Violence and Gender A critical look at police behaviour and a path to reform in Cambodia Elizabeth Johnson 2 Corruption, Violence and Gender Corruption, Violence and Gender 3 This paper was presented at the 23rd World Congress of Political Science, International Political Science Association (IPSA), 19 July 2014, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Written by Elizabeth Johnson 4 Corruption, Violence and Gender Corruption, Violence and Gender 5 ©Krishan Rajapakshe 6 Corruption, Violence and Gender Corruption, Violence and Gender 7 Abstract I. Introduction A country still transitioning to democracy, Cambodia needs a reliable police force Cambodia has made significant development gains since the 1991 Peace Agreements to uphold the rule of law and instill confidence in the governance system among the were signed, following decades of turmoil.1 Greater numbers of children are accessing country’s people. To this end, significant donor and government resources have been primary education.2 The rate of diseases including tuberculosis and malaria has fallen.3 spent for initiatives creating new institutional rules and providing police training to boost The economy is growing at an annual rate of 7 per cent.4 capacity. In reality however, the police force is still perceived as one of the country’s most corrupt institutions. Moreover, acts of police brutality against civilians continue to occur, Despite these achievements, democracy remains limited.5 The institutions necessary to demonstrated during recent land eviction protests and demonstrations following the re- uphold a democratic system have insufficient capacity, resources and expertise.6 In par- lease of the highly contested results of the 28 July 2013 national election. -
New Year's Babies Expected to Live Longer, Unicef Says
WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 13, 2021 Intelligent . In-depth . Independent Issue Number 3583 / 4000 RIEL PHNOM PENH POLICE GDT: TAX REVENUE EMERGENCY IMPOSED CEASE IMPOUNDING COLLECTION NEAR IN MALAYSIA TO CURB BIG MOTORCYCLES $3 BILLION IN 2020 SPREAD OF COVID-19 NATIONAL – page 2 BUSINESS – page 7 WORLD – page 10 Littered face New Year’s babies expected masks pose fatal hazard to live longer, UNICEF says for wildlife MASKS that helped save lives Long Kimmarita during the Covid-19 pandem- ic are proving a deadly hazard NICEF has estimated that for wildlife, with birds and nearly 1,000 babies were marine creatures ensnared in born on January 1 this year the staggering number of dis- in the Kingdom, and their carded facial coverings litter- Upredicted life expectancy of 81 years ing animal habitats. is significantly higher than the gen- Single-use surgical masks erations before them. have been found scattered Marking its 75th anniversary, around pavements, waterways UNICEF has dedicated this year to and beaches worldwide since “reimagining a better world for chil- countries began mandating dren”, noting in a press release on New their use in public places to Year’s day that an anticipated 371,504 slow the pandemic’s spread. babies would be born worldwide on Worn once, the thin protec- that day to inaugurate the new year. tive materials can take hun- Over half of those births were pre- dreds of years to decompose. dicted to take place in just 10 coun- “Face masks aren’t going away tries: India (59,995), China (35,615), any time soon – but when we Nigeria (21,439), Pakistan (14,161), throw them away, these items Indonesia (12,336), Ethiopia (12,006), can harm the environment and the US (10,312), Egypt (9,455), Bang- the animals who share our plan- ladesh (9,236) and the Democratic et,” Ashley Fruno of US-based Republic of the Congo (8,640). -
GMAC Sues EU Court for Withdrawing EBA Scheme
R 3508 E MB U N SSUE I MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 28, 2020 Intelligent . In-depth . Independent www.phnompenhpost.com 4000 RIEL HUNGARIAN MAN INFLATION RATE FRANCe’s MACRON: EXPOSES 90 TO STILL 3% DESPITE ‘It’s CLEAR BELARUS COVID IN S REAP ‘sagging ECONOMy’ LEADER Has to go’ NATIONAL – page 5 BUSINESS – page 6 WORLD – page 9 Chikungunya outbreak suspected in Kandal Long Kimmarita in a remote area bordering Prey Veng ing, another one, who we have required Among the nearly 6,000 suspected Minister of Health Mam Bun Heng province, far from health centres, while to undergo treatment. Some others cases reported through dengue sur- advised people to exercise caution AT LEAST 100 people in Prek Russey the road to the village is difficult to trav- were just suspected to have it, and veillance systems nationwide, more and eliminate all mosquito shelters commune’s Peam Sdey village in Kan- el on due to recent flooding. some had a rash, but it has healed.” than 80 per cent were from Siem Reap, around their homes. dal province’s Lvea Em district have Authorities have arranged for those In a Ministry of Health press release Takeo and Preah Vihear provinces. He also suggested people sleep in sought medical assistance since Satur- suspected of having chikungunya to published on Sunday, spokesperson Or Statistics showed that 54 per cent mosquito nets and wear clothes day and are suspected of being infect- stay in a pagoda hall. Vandine said that since the outbreak of the cases involved adults, 31 per which cover the skin. -
Cambodia and Major Powers 173 CHAPTER 10 – Conclusion 199
Table of Content EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 CHAPTER 1 – Civil and Political Rights 5 PART 1: Repression of Political Opposition 6 PART 2: Persecution of the Memorialization of Kem Ley 24 PART 3: LANGO and CSO Freedom 28 CHAPTER 2 – Media and Press Freedoms 40 PART 1: The Media Landscape 44 PART 2: Laws and Policies 48 PART 3: Criminalization of Press and Journalism 58 CHAPTER 3 – Labor Rights and Politics 71 PART 1: Key Policy Issues for Labor 72 PART 2: Trade Union Law 75 PART 3: The Tripartite National Council on Minimum Wage 80 PART 4: Right to Strike 84 PART 5: Status of Legal Prosecution of Unionists 97 PART 6: International Brands and Labor Associations 103 PART 7: Remedying Violence Against Unionists – Remembering Chea Vichea 106 CHAPTER 4 – The Legislative Branch 108 CHAPTER 5 – The Judicial Branch 118 PART 1: Lack of Justice 120 PART 2: Legal Reform 124 PART 3: Legal Aid 130 CHAPTER 6 – The Executive Branch 135 CHAPTER 7 – Democratic Elections 148 PART 1: 2019 Sub-national Elections 148 PART 2: 2019 Voter Registration 155 CHAPTER 8 – The EU and EBA Status 158 CHAPTER 9 – Cambodia and Major Powers 173 CHAPTER 10 – Conclusion 199 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Democracy in Cambodia was assessed on how to decline in 2019. The ruling party consolidated its hegemony over the political system, and there were no significant improvements in liberal pluralism. As outlined in this report, important reforms occurred in different areas; however, reforms were not sufficient in any areas to meet the standards of an established democratic system. Improvements were made to laws, but there are still significant problems with existing legislation. -
Cambodia's Dirty Dozen
HUMAN RIGHTS CAMBODIA’S DIRTY DOZEN A Long History of Rights Abuses by Hun Sen’s Generals WATCH Cambodia’s Dirty Dozen A Long History of Rights Abuses by Hun Sen’s Generals Copyright © 2018 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1-6231-36222 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch defends the rights of people worldwide. We scrupulously investigate abuses, expose the facts widely, and pressure those with power to respect rights and secure justice. Human Rights Watch is an independent, international organization that works as part of a vibrant movement to uphold human dignity and advance the cause of human rights for all. Human Rights Watch is an international organization with staff in more than 40 countries, and offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich. For more information, please visit our website: http://www.hrw.org JUNE 2018 ISBN: 978-1-6231-36222 Cambodia’s Dirty Dozen A Long History of Rights Abuses by Hun Sen’s Generals Map of Cambodia ............................................................................................................... 7 Summary ........................................................................................................................... 1 Khmer Rouge-era Abuses ......................................................................................................... -
Memory of Nations: Democratic Transition Guide” (ISBN 978-80-86816-39-5)
MEMORY OF NATIONS Democratic Transition Guide [ The Cambodian Experience ] CONTENTS AUTHORS TRANSFORMATIONS OF POLITICAL SYSTEMS . 3 PECHET MEN Pechet Men has worked with the Documentation Center of CONSOLIDATING THE STATE SECURITY Cambodia (DC-Cam), Phnom Penh, for almost a decade APPARATUS .......................... 6 from a Volunteer to Field Investigator and has published ex- tensively on Khmer Rouge survivors’ accounts and articles, [REGIME] ARCHIVES ................... 10 locally and internationally. LUSTRATION ......................... 13 KOSAL PATH Assistant Professor of Political Science at the Brooklyn Col- INVESTIGATION AND PROSECUTION lege of The City University of New York, USA. Researcher for OF THE CRIMES OF THE REGIME .......... 16 the Cambodian Genocide Program at Yale University and the Documentation Center of Cambodia (1995–2000). His REHABILITATION OF VICTIMS ............. 21 main teaching and research interests are international rela- tions, genocide, human rights and transitional justice. EDUCATION AND PRESERVATION OF SITES OF CONSCIENCE ....................... 26 BERND SCHAEFER Senior Scholar with the Woodrow Wilson International TIMELINE OF THE MAJOR EVENTS ......... 31 Center’s Cold War International History Project (CWIHP), Professorial Lecturer at George Washington University; both SOURCES USED AND FURTHER READING . 33 in Washington D.C. Visiting Professor at the Pannasastra Uni- versity in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. SAVINA SIRIK PhD candidate in Peace and Development Research at the School of Global Studies, University of Gothenburg, Sweden. She joined the Documentation Center of Cambo- dia (DC-Cam) in 2004 and since then she progressed from working as a Field Investigator to a Director of Museum of Memory (2013) and a Team Leader of the Transitional Justice Program (2016–2017). She is the author of the monograph Everyday Experience of Genocide Survivors in Landscapes of Violence in Cambodia (DC-Cam, 2016). -
Democratic Transition Guide
MEMORY OF NATIONS Democratic Transition Guide [ The Argentine Experience ] DISMANTLING THE STATE SECURITY APPARATUS SERGIO GABRIEL EISSA INTRODUCTION the tradition of using the military in tasks of “internal security.” For example, during the imposition of the political and economic In Argentina, there were six (6) coups d’état between 1930 and model of Buenos Aires on the rest of the provinces (1820–1862); 1976. However, the use of violence to resolve political conflicts the struggle against the native peoples (1878–1919); in the re- in the country can be traced back to the years after the War of pression of social protests such as the Tragic Week (1919) and Independence (1810–1824). Indeed, the constitutive process the Rebel Patagonia (1920–1921); and the protests of radicals, of a “violent normality”1 has its roots in a way of doing politics anarchists, socialists and trade unionists between 1890–1955. legitimized by the social and political actors, military and civil, The practices listed in the preceding paragraph were fuelled during the process of building the National State. by the incorporation of the French and American counterin- The use of violence to modify a correlation of political forces surgency doctrines in the context of Argentina’s accession to continued beyond the approval of the National Constitution in the Western bloc during the Cold War (1947–1991).5 In fact, in 1853. In the following years, Bartolomé Mitre carried out “the first that country this doctrine was first reflected in the “Plan Con- coup d’état” against the government of President Santiago Derqui intes” (1959), which consisted of using the Armed Forces6 and (1860–1861) in 1861, the same politician took up arms in 1874 the security forces to repress the “internal ideological enemy”: when he considered that he had lost the presidential elections mainly Peronist and leftist militants, but also any opponent of fraudulently. -
How Cambodia's Elite Has Captured the Country's Extractive Industries 1 Glossary of Key Terms Resource
Country for sale – how Cambodia’s elite has captured the country’s extractive industries Glossary of key terms Resource curse – the phenomenon by which natural resource wealth often results in poor standards of human development, bad governance, increased corruption and sometimes conflict. Extractive industries – for the purposes of this report, the extractive industries are defined as the oil, gas, and mining industries. Kleptocracy – a style of governance characterised by high-level corruption and looting of state funds for the purpose of increasing the personal wealth and political power of the ruling class. Shadow state1 – a state where political power is wielded as a means to personal self- enrichment and state institutions are subverted to support those needs. Behind the laws and government institutions of such states is a parallel system of personal rule. Leaders of these states are typically able to exploit their country’s public assets, particularly natural resources, through the subversion of bureaucratic institutions and the monopoly on the use of violence. In this way, they can enrich themselves and pay for the means to stay in power. 1 Country for sale – how Cambodia’s elite has captured the country’s extractive industries Map Glossary of key terms Contents Recommendations Summary Chapter I: Cambodia’s extractive industries – the stakes are high Minerals – an introduction Oil and gas – an introduction Cambodia today: From democracy experiment to one-party kleptocracy Box 1: Wasted wood – the lessons of illegal logging Box -
Cambodia National Export Strategy 2007-2010
Ministry of Commerce CAMBODIA NATIONAL EXPORT STRATEGY 2007 – 2010 JULY 2006 FINAL DRAFT – PAPER # 2 Table of Contents Table of Contents Chapter I: Introduction & Rationale ........................................................................ 1 A. The International Context: Challenges to be Addressed....................................... 1 B. Where Do We Want To Be? ................................................................................. 2 Chapter II: Where Are We Now? – An Assessment ............................................... 3 A. Export Performance .............................................................................................. 3 B. Assessment of National Competitiveness & Constraints...................................... 5 C. Current Government Policy & Strategy in Support of Export Strategy ............... 9 D. Budgets, Resources & the TSN: Capacity & Coordination................................ 11 E. Recapitulation: National SWOT Analysis .......................................................... 13 Chapter III: Strategy Design Process & Paradigms .............................................. 17 A. Scope of Strategy ................................................................................................ 17 B. Public Private Partnership ................................................................................... 18 C. Value Addition, Value Creation, Value Retention & Value Distribution .......... 19 D. Strategy Management Framework..................................................................... -
Congressional Record—House H7668
H7668 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE July 25, 2018 PERMISSION FOR MEMBER TO BE and the CPP have undertaken this crack- necessary to comply with United States obli- CONSIDERED AS FIRST SPONSOR down to consolidate power ahead of an elec- gations under the Agreement between the OF H.R. 1002 tion that may have ended their grip on United Nations and the United States of power. America regarding the Headquarters of the Mr. MCKINLEY. Mr. Speaker, I ask (4) Hun Sen’s actions in late 2017 pushed United Nations, signed at Lake Success June unanimous consent that I may here- Cambodia further away from democracy. In 26, 1947, and entered into force November 21, after be considered as the first sponsor late August 2017, the regime shut down the 1947, or under the Convention on Consular of H.R. 1002, a bill originally intro- National Democratic Institute and expelled Relations, done at Vienna April 24, 1963, and its entire foreign staff from the country duced by Representative DENT of Penn- entered into force March 19, 1967, or other within a week. Less than a week later, radio sylvania, for the purposes of adding co- applicable international obligations of the stations carrying Radio Free Asia and Voice United States. sponsors and requesting reprintings of America were also shut down by the re- (3) PENALTIES.—The penalties provided for pursuant to clause 7 of rule XII. gime. On September 3, 2017, authorities ar- in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there rested Kem Sokha, the leader of the CNRP, International Emergency Economic Powers objection to the request of the gen- and charged him with treason, allegedly for Act (50 U.S.C. -
2016 Royal Government of Cambodia Resolution
KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA NATION RELIGION KING 3 ROYAL GOVERNMENT OF CAMBODIA Nº: 20 SSR RESOLUTION On Appointment of the Components of the National Committee for Disaster Management THE ROYAL GOVERNMENT Having considered the Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia; Having considered the Royal Decree No. NS/RKT/0913/903 of September 24, 2013 on the appointment of the Royal Government of Cambodia; Having considered the Royal Decree No. NS/RKT/1213/1393 of December 21, 2013 on the reshuffling and supplementary members of the Royal Government of the Kingdom of Cambodia; Having considered the Preah Reach Kram No. 02/NS/94 of July 20, 1994, promulgating the Law on the organization and functioning of the Council of Ministers; Having considered the Preah Reach Kram No. NS/RKM/0196/09 of January 24, 1996, promulgating the Law on the establishment the Office of the Council of Ministers; Having considered the Preah Reach Kram No. NS/RKM/0715/007 of July 10, 2015, promulgating the Law on Disaster Management; Having considered the Royal Decree NS/RKT/1215/1141 of December 24, 2015 on the Organization and Functioning of the National Committee for Disaster Management; In accordance with the necessity of the Royal Government DECIDES Article 1: The appointment of components to the National Committee for Disaster Management is as follows: 1. Samdech Akka Moha Sena Padei Techo HUN SEN, Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Cambodia Chair 2. Samdech Kralahom SAR KHENG, Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Interior Vice-Chair 3. H.E. Mr. SOK AN, Deputy Prime Minister, Minister in Charge of Office of the Council of Ministers Vice-Chair 4. -
A Handbook on Commercial Registration
A HANDBOOK ON COMMERCIAL REGISTRATION Ministry of Commerce Asian Development Bank Foreword by Senior Minister, Minister of Commerce, H.E. Cham Prasidh It gives me great pleasure to introduce you to this important publication “A Handbook on Commercial Registration” in both Khmer and English versions. This initiative is part of a larger effort of the Royal Government of Cambodia to support the implementation of the Cambodia Small and Medium Enterprise Development Program. The Commercial Registration Department of the Ministry of Commerce has worked with ADB Technical Assistance 4786-CAM: Capacity Building for SME Development - Phase II to produce this publication and ensure a quality translation. The handbook is an essential tool for commercial enterprises wishing to register at the Ministry of Commerce and a useful reference for the private sector generally. This handbook has been written to refl ect the business registration reforms implemented over recent years by the Ministry of Commerce and is supplemented by a CD ROM which contains useful templates and reference material for commercial enterprises, especially those at the early stages of their existence. I would like to express my sincere thanks to the Asian Development Bank for their support for this initiative, all contributors, reviewers and translators. Thank you and good luck. Cham Prasidh Senior Minister, Minister of Commerce i Table of Contents Foreword i Abbreviations and Acronyms 1 Preface 2 1 How to Use This Handbook 4 1.1 Finding a Subject 4 1.2 Footnotes 4 1.3 Changes in