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Guidelines for Local Governments on Solid Waste Management. INSTITUTION Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C

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Guidelines for Local Governments on Solid Waste Management. INSTITUTION Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C DOCUMENT Isms ND 092 346 SE 017 241 TITLE Guidelines for Local Governments on Solid Waste Management. INSTITUTION Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. Solid Waste Management Office.; National Association of Counties, Washington, D.C. Research Foundation. REPORT NO PHS-2048; SW-17c PUB DATE 71 NOTE 196p.; An environmental protection publication in the solid waste management series AVAILABLE FROM Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. 20402 (Stock No. 5502-0047, $1.50) EDRS PRICE MP-$0.75 HC-$9.00 PLUS POSTAGE DESCRIPTORS *Administrator Guides; City Planning; *Ecology; *Guides; *Leaders Guides; Management Systems; Regional Planning; *Waste Disposal; Wastes IDENTIFIERS *Solid Waste Management ABSTRACT This document consists of ten guides on Solid Waste Management to assist local elected and appointed policy-making officials. They are entitled: Areavide Approaches; Legal Authority, Planning, Organization Design and Operation, Financing, Technical and Financial Assistance, Citizen Support, Personnel, and Action Plan and Bibliography. The guides were prepared by the National Association of Counties Research Foundation (NACORD). They are designed to present in clear, concise form information'to help local officials and interested citizens make dedisions on the planning, organization, financing, staffing, legal aspects, and operation of comprehensive areawide solid waste management systems. (JP) U S DEPARTMVO EDUCATION OF HEALtti. NATIONAL /WELFARE THIS NSTITUTE. OF DOCUMENTtOUCATiON DUCED HAS BEEN THE PEEXACTLY AS RSON OR REPRO ATING, IT RECEIVEDFROM POIN TSORGANIZATION Of STATED 00 VIEW ORORIGIN NOT OPINIONS SENT OFFICIAL NECESSARILY EDUCATION NATIONAL REPRE POSITION ORINSTITUTE OF POLICY guidelines for local governments on solid waste management this publication (SW-17c) was developed for the federal solid waste management program by the national association of counties research foundation under contract no. ph-88-67-290 U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 1971 A This publication is in the Public Health Service seriesas Public Health Service Publication No. 2084. Its appearance in two governmentseries is the result of a publishing interface reflecting the transferof the Fed- eral solid waste program from the U.S. Public HealthService to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. An environmental protection publication For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, 'U.S. 0°1,1,1-nine:It Printing office Washington, 20402Price $1.50 Stock Number 5502 -9047 foreword The public creates solid wastes, discards them,and expects efficient, effective, economical, uncomplicated, and nuisance-free collection and disposal. Unfortunately, enoughmismanagement of solid wastes exists in The average communityto stimulate signifi- cant negative reaction. Since solid wastes disposal isa distasteful subject to many people, usually the general public doesnot com- prehend the difficult problems involved in collectionand disposal. Public information programs are important because theycan reverse the trend, changing criticism to public support. Positive images and impressions can replace negativeones. For example, most people are interested in conservation of naturalresources and community improvement while they have littleinterest or sympathy with the mundane procedure of collecting and disposing of wastes. Many peoplecan develop an empathy for the dilemma of the sanitation engineer when introduced to contemplated im- provements in techniques and facilities. In other words, the public information efforts of thecom- munity should stress positive factors to counteract the negative impressions caused by problems such as: poor household storage infrequent, annoying, or undependable collection open dumps air pollution from burning dumps or incinerators abandoned automobiles litter. The best method of doing this is for the local governmentto adopt a posture of progressive and effective operation, and to communi- cate this attitude of success in every possible way. This guide provides some public information methods to gain and maintain public support and interest. SAMUEL HALE, JR. Deputy Assistant Administrator for Solid Waste Management iii acknowledgments The research and working drafts for the Guidelineswere pre- pared as follows: Patricia A. McDonough: 1. Areawide Approaches 4. Organization 5. Design and Operation 8. Citizen Support Bainbridge Peterson: 2. Legal Authority 3, Planning 8. Financing 7, Technical and Financial Assistance Aliceann Fritsch ler: 9, Personnel 10. Action Plan and Bibliography iv preface Garbage, trash, rubbish, litter, abandoned automobiles, and the various other discards of civilization called "solid wastes"can no longer be ignored or indiscriminately dumped or burned. Local governments must act now to protect the public health and the environment through what the professionals call "solid wastes manageitlent," commonly called garbage collection and disposal. The National Association of Counties Research Foundation (NACORF), under contract to the Bureau of Solid Waste Manage- ment of the U.S. Public Health Service, has prepared these ten guides on Solid Waste Management to assist local elected and appointed policy making officials. The guidesare designed to present in clear, concise form information to help local officials and interested citizens make decisionson the planning, organiza- tion, financing, staffing, legal aspects, and operation ofcompre- hensive areawide solid wastes management systems. The environment must be protected against pollutioncaused by mismanagement of solid wastes. The air,water, and land resources of our country must be preserved. Action is required of every local elected official. Bernard F. Hillenbrand, Executive Director National Association of Counties contents areawide approaches 2 introduction 3 environmental quality three pollutions environmental quality restoration 7 what is the areawide approach? countrywide and multi-county programs councils of governments special districts and authorities state action 14 techniques of intergovernmental cooperation formal and informal agreements contract, joint management, and transfer of function 16 summary 16 selected bibliography field reports (In order slf sequence) 3 environmental health program Fresno County, California 5 city-county cooperation Erie County, Pennsylvania 6 environmental pollution control Los Angeles County, California 8 multi-county corporation Southern West Virginia Regional Health Council 10 countywide approach Broome County, New York 12 antra- county action Lower Passaic Valley Solid Wastes Management Authority. New Jersey 15 transfer of function Seattle-King County, Washington 2 legal authority 18 introduction 18 legal authority for state action 22 legal authority for local action chatters ordinances land acquisition regulation of private operators other legal aspects vii 30 summary 32 selected bibliography 32 appendices field reports Ho order of sequence) 21 an inter local agreement Maryville, Alcoa, and Blount County, Tennessee 24 using existing legal authority for planning Chemung County, New York 28 legal control in unincorporated areas Mecklenburg County, North Carolina 28 ordinance enforcement Santa Barbara County, California 31 solving legal problems Montgomery County, Ohio 3 planning 38 introduction 38 who plans? 39 coordination of local with state plans 39 financing the plan 40 the planning process data collection new tools evaluation and recommendations 46 implementing the plan 48 summary 48 selected bibliography 49 appendix state solid wastes planning agencies field reports (In order of sequence) 41 interstate planning Tacks island Regional Advisory Council 44 city-county planning Genesee County and Flint, Michigan 47 multi-county planning Tri-County Planning Commission, Michigan 4 organization 54 introduction 56 assigning operating responsibilities 58 local government functions policy making public information budgeting planning and review drafting, adoption, and enforcement of standards operation of the system 88 summary 68 selected bibliography field reports (In order of sequence) viii 60 metro experiment Metropolitan Government of Nashville-Davidson County, Tennessee 62 full city operation Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 63 sanitation management information system City of Los Angeles, California 64 organizing a refuse disposal department San Bernardino County, California 67 road department division Orange County, California 5 design and operation 70 introduction 70 methods of storage and collection storage collection items needing special handling 77 long distance transportation systems transfer stations other transport systems 79 volume reduction and disposal methods sanitary landfill incineration composting the dump feeding hogs garbage 96 summary 96 selected bibliography field reports fin order of sequence) 72 paper sack storage system Junction City, Kansas 77Ijunk automobile collection Klamath County, Oregon 78 transfer station Orange County, California 81 multiple function's of sanitary landfill San Bernardino County, California 86 incineration Montgomery County, Maryland 90 commercial composting with salvage Metropolitan Waste Conversion Corporation Houston, Texas 94 progress and problems in cleaning up dumps City of Beaufort and Beaufort County, South Carolina 6 financing 96 introduction 98 financial planning legal authority capital improvement budgeting financial campaigns 100 revenue sources general revenue bonds loans service charges and fees ix 10 purchasing
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