NRC Collection of Abbreviations
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Selection of Retrieval Techniques for Irradiated Graphite During Reactor Decommissioning - 11587
WM2011 Conference, February 27 - March 3, 2011, Phoenix, AZ Selection of Retrieval Techniques for Irradiated Graphite during Reactor Decommissioning - 11587 D.J. Potter*, R.B. Jarvis*, A.W. Banford*, L. Cordingley*, and M. Grave** * National Nuclear Laboratory, Chadwick House, Birchwood Park, Warrington, Cheshire, WA3 6AE, UK ** Doosan Babcock, Baltic Business Centre, Gateshead, NE8 3DA, UK ABSTRACT Globally, around 230,000 tonnes of irradiated graphite requires retrieval, treatment, management and/or disposal. This waste has arisen from a wide range of reactors, predominantly from the use of graphite moderated reactors for base-load generation, but also from experimental research facilities. Much of the graphite is presently still in the reactor core while other graphite is stored in a variety of forms in waste stores. The first step in the management of this significant waste stream is retrieval of the graphite from its present location. Doosan Babcock and the UK National Nuclear Laboratory are participants in the CARBOWASTE European research project which brings together organisations from a range of countries with an irradiated graphite legacy to address the graphite waste management challenge. This paper describes the issues associated with retrieval of graphite from reactors, potential approaches to graphite retrieval and the information needed to select a particular retrieval method for a specified application. Graphite retrieval is viewed within the context of the wider strategy for the management of irradiated graphite waste streams. The paper identifies the challenges of graphite retrieval and provides some examples where modelling can be used to provide information to support retrievals design and operations. INTRODUCTION A four year collaborative European Project ‘Treatment and Disposal of Irradiated Graphite and other Carbonaceous Waste (CARBOWASTE)’ was launched in April 2008 under the 7th EURATOM Framework Programme [1]. -
Institute for Clinical and Economic Review
INSTITUTE FOR CLINICAL AND ECONOMIC REVIEW FINAL APPRAISAL DOCUMENT BRACHYTHERAPY & PROTON BEAM THERAPY FOR TREATMENT OF CLINICALLY-LOCALIZED, LOW-RISK PROSTATE CANCER December 22, 2008 Senior Staff Daniel A. Ollendorf, MPH, ARM Chief Review Officer Julia Hayes, MD Lead Decision Scientist Pamela McMahon, PhD Sr. Decision Scientist Steven D. Pearson, MD, MSc President, ICER Associate Staff Michelle Kuba, MPH Sr. Technology Analyst Angela Tramontano, MPH Research Assistant © ICER, 2008 1 CONTENTS About ICER .................................................................................................................................. 3 Acknowledgments ...................................................................................................................... 4 Executive Summary .................................................................................................................... 5 Evidence Review Group Deliberation.................................................................................. 15 ICER Integrated Evidence Rating.......................................................................................... 21 Evidence Review Group Members........................................................................................ 24 Appraisal Overview.................................................................................................................. 28 Background ............................................................................................................................... -
The True History of the U.S. Fusion Program —And Who Tried to Kill It
PPPL Inside the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, while it was in con- struction. The TFTR set world records for plasma temperature and fusion power produced in the late 1980s and early 1990s. But budget cuts closed it down before all its planned experiments were completed. The True History of The U.S. Fusion Program An inside analysis of how the U.S. fusion program was —And Who euthanized, dispels the myth that “fusion can’t work.“ Tried To Kill It by Marsha Freeman here is no disputing that the world is facing an energy been visible on the horizon for years, but seemingly never crisis of vast proportions. But this could have been avoid- close at hand. Why? Ted. For more than five decades, scientists, engineers, en- Legend has it that there are more problems in attaining con- ergy planners, policy-makers, and, at times, even the public at trolled nuclear fusion than scientists anticipated, and that little large, have known what the ultimate alternative is to our finite progress has been made. “Fusion is still 50 years away, and energy resources—nuclear fusion. This energy, which powers always has been” has become the common refrain of skeptics. the Sun and all of the stars, and can use a virtually unlimited But the reason that we do not have commercially available supply of isotopes of hydrogen, available from seawater, has fusion energy is not what is commonly believed. 21st Century Science & Technology Winter 2009/2010 15 In 1976, the Energy Research and Development Administra- tion, or ERDA—the predecessor to the Department of Energy—pub- lished a chart showing various policy and funding options for the magnetic fusion energy research program. -
Thermal Hydraulics Analysis of the Distribution Zone in Small Modular Dual Fluid Reactor
metals Article Thermal Hydraulics Analysis of the Distribution Zone in Small Modular Dual Fluid Reactor Chunyu Liu 1,* , Xiaodong Li 1 , Run Luo 1,2 and Rafael Macian-Juan 1 1 Chair of Nuclear Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching, Germany; [email protected] (X.L.); [email protected] or [email protected] (R.L.); [email protected] (R.M.-J.) 2 School of Resource & Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, No. 28, Changsheng West Road, Hengyang 421001, China * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected] Received: 29 June 2020; Accepted: 4 August 2020; Published: 6 August 2020 Abstract: The Small Modular Dual Fluid Reactor (SMDFR) is a novel molten salt reactor based on the dual fluid reactor concept, which employs molten salt as fuel and liquid lead/lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) as coolant. A unique design of this reactor is the distribution zone, which locates under the core and joins the core region with the inlet pipes of molten salt and coolant. Since the distribution zone has a major influence on the heat removal capacity in the core region, the thermal hydraulics characteristics of the distribution zone have to be investigated. This paper focuses on the thermal hydraulics analysis of the distribution zone, which is conducted by the numerical simulation using COMSOL Multiphysics with the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) module and the Heat Transfer module. The energy loss and heat exchange in the distribution zone are also quantitatively analyzed. The velocity and temperature distributions of both molten salt and coolant at the outlet of the distribution zone, as inlet of the core region, are produced. -
PHYSICS and SOCIETY
PHYSICS and SOCIETY THE NEWSLETTER OF THE FORUM ON PHYSICS AND SOCIETY, PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY, 335 EAST 45th ST., NEW YORK, NY 10017 PRINTED BY PENNY-SAVER, MANSFIELD, PA. 16933 Volume 10, Number 3, July, 1981 TABLE OF CONTENTS Synopsis of the April, 1981 Executive Committee Meeting........................................... 2 Report of the Forum Councillor, Mike Casper........................................................... 3 Committee on Opportunities in Physics, Earl Callen................................................... 3 Possible POPA Studies, George SeideL................................................................... 4 Report on Livermore Arms Control Conference, Charles Schwartz................................ 4 The Defense of the United States, review by John Dowling.......................................... 6 Arms Control Kit, John Dowling............................................................................ 7 PHYSICS AND SOCIETY is a quarterly newsletter of the Forum on Physics and Society. a division of the American Physical Society. The newsletter is distributed free to members of the Forum and also to physics libraries upon request. It presents news of the Forum and of the American Physical Society and provides a medium for Forum members to exchange ideas. PHYSICS AND SOCIETY also presents articles and letters on the scientific and economic health of the physics com munity; on the relations of physics and the physics community to government and to society, and the social responsiblities of scientists. Contributions should be sent to the Editor: John Dowling, Physics Department, Mansfield State College, Mansfield, PA 16933, 717-662-4275. Forum on Physics & Society BULK RATE Physics Department U.S. POSTAGE PAID Mansfield State College Mansfield, Pa. Permit No.3 Mansfield, PA 16933 Educational Non-Profit ARTI-'UR 7 QOSEN **** PHYSICS DEPARTMEkT CAL POLY STATE UkIVERSITY SAN LUIS OBISPO CA 93407 PHYSICS AND SOCIETY, Volume 10, Number 3 ••••••••••••••••••••••••• July 1981 Page 2 Synop.l. -
小型飛翔体/海外 [Format 2] Technical Catalog Category
小型飛翔体/海外 [Format 2] Technical Catalog Category Airborne contamination sensor Title Depth Evaluation of Entrained Products (DEEP) Proposed by Create Technologies Ltd & Costain Group PLC 1.DEEP is a sensor analysis software for analysing contamination. DEEP can distinguish between surface contamination and internal / absorbed contamination. The software measures contamination depth by analysing distortions in the gamma spectrum. The method can be applied to data gathered using any spectrometer. Because DEEP provides a means of discriminating surface contamination from other radiation sources, DEEP can be used to provide an estimate of surface contamination without physical sampling. DEEP is a real-time method which enables the user to generate a large number of rapid contamination assessments- this data is complementary to physical samples, providing a sound basis for extrapolation from point samples. It also helps identify anomalies enabling targeted sampling startegies. DEEP is compatible with small airborne spectrometer/ processor combinations, such as that proposed by the ARM-U project – please refer to the ARM-U proposal for more details of the air vehicle. Figure 1: DEEP system core components are small, light, low power and can be integrated via USB, serial or Ethernet interfaces. 小型飛翔体/海外 Figure 2: DEEP prototype software 2.Past experience (plants in Japan, overseas plant, applications in other industries, etc) Create technologies is a specialist R&D firm with a focus on imaging and sensing in the nuclear industry. Createc has developed and delivered several novel nuclear technologies, including the N-Visage gamma camera system. Costainis a leading UK construction and civil engineering firm with almost 150 years of history. -
Curriculum Vitae James Paul Holloway
Curriculum Vitae James Paul Holloway Address University of New Mexico Office of the Provost MSC05 3400 1 University of New Mexico Albuquerque, NM 87131 Phone: 505-277-2611 Email: [email protected] Education 01/1989 Ph. D. in Engineering Physics. University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 06/1985 CAS in Mathematics. Cambridge University, Cambridge, England 05/1984 M.S. in Nuclear Engineering. University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 01/1982 B.S. in Nuclear Engineering. University of Illinois, Urbana, IL Research Fields Neutron and photon radiation transport theory, uncertainty quantification, nuclear reactor physics and control, nonlinear dynamics, inverse problems, plasma kinetic theory, applied mathematical analysis, computational physics and engineering, appropriate technology development. Professional Experience 07/2019– Provost and Executive Vice President for Academic Affairs, University of New Mexico 01/2020– Judicial Education Training and Advisory Committee, Appointed by Order of the Supreme Court of the State of New Mexico 07/2019– Lobo Rainforest Innovations (formerly STC.UNM) Board of Directors, Vice Chair 07/2019– Professor Emeritus of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences and Arthur F. Thurnau Professor Emeritus, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 07/2016–06/2019 Vice Provost for Global Engagement & Interdisciplinary Academic Affairs, U of Michigan 11/2014–06/2019 William Davidson Institute Board 07/2013–06/2016 Vice Provost for Global and Engaged Education, University of Michigan 07/2007–06/2013 Associate Dean for Undergraduate Education, College of Engineering. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 06/2011–09/2011 Interim Director, Wilson Student Team Project Center, University of Michigan 09/2007–06/2019 Arthur F. Thurnau Professor 09/2005–06/2019 Professor of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences. -
The Wonders of Uranus NASA's Voyager Captures a New World 3 Billion Miles Away Expand the World's View! Join the Fusion Energy Foundation
The Wonders Of Uranus NASA's Voyager Captures A New World 3 Billion Miles Away Expand the world's view! Join the Fusion Energy Foundation. Subscribe to Fusion magazine. Enclosed is: • Sustaining membership $250 • Individual membership $75 • Corporate membership $1,000 (All memberships include 6 issues of Fusion.) • 1-year subscription to Fusion $20 (6 issues) • 2-year subscription to Fusion $38 (12 issues) • 1-year subscription to Fusion (airmail foreign) $40 Now you can subscribe to Fusion iu 5 languages • Fusion in Spanish, French, Italian, German*, or Swedish or Fusion Asia in English—$40 (4 issues) * 6 issues per year. EDITORIAL STAFF Editor-in-Chief Carol White FUSION Managing Editor Marjorie Mazel Hecht SCIENCE • TECHNOLOGY • ECONOMICS • POLITICS Fusion Technology Editor May-June 1986 Vol. 8, No. 3 Charles B. Stevens Washington Editor Features Marsha Freeman Energy Editor 36 The Wonders of Uranus William Engdahl Books Editor Voyager 2 Opens Up an Unusual New World David Cherry Marsha Freeman and Jim Everett Art Director After traveling 3 billion miles and 8V2 years, Voyager 2 has provided us Alan Yue with the first close-up views of Uranus. Photo Editor Carlos de Hoyos 43 Defeating Aids: How Lasers Can Help Advertising Manager Wolfgang Lillge,M.D. Joseph Cohen (703) 689-2497 The United States needs a "biological SDI," a crash program to advance Circulation and Subscription Manager laser and spectroscopy research to the point that we can screen for and Dianne Oliver eliminate the AIDS virus and other deadly diseases. (703) 777-6055 49 The Significance of the SDI for Advanced Space Propulsion and Basic Research FUSION (ISSN 0148-0537) is published 6 limes Dr. -
Security Operational Skills 2 (Tracing).P65
Unit - 4 K Operating Skill for handling Natural Disasters Structure 4.1 Objectives 4.2 Introduction 4.3 Operating Skill for natural and nuclear disasters 4.4 Accident Categories 4.5 Nuclear and radiation accidents and incidents 4.6 Geological disasters 4.7 Operating Skills for handling Mines and other Explosive Devices 4.8 Operating Skills for handing hijacking situation (other than an airline hijacking 4.9 Operating skills for antivehicle theft operations 4.10 Operating skills for facing a kidnapping or hostage situation 4.11 Operating Skill for handling coal mines and other explosive devices 4.12 Hostage Rights : Law and Practice in Throes of Evolution 4.12.1 Terminology 4.13 Relative Value of Rights 4.14 Conflict of Rights and Obligations 4.15 Hong Kong mourns victims of bus hijacking in the Philoppines 4.16 Rules for Successful Threat Intelligence Teams 4.16.1 Tailor Your Talent 4.16.2 Architect Your Infrastructure 4.16.3 Enable Business Profitability 4.16.4 Communicate Continuously 4.17 Construction Safety Practices 4.17.1 Excavation 4.17.2 Drilling and Blasting 4.17.3 Piling and deep foundations 234 4.18 Planning 4.18.1 Steps in Planning Function 4.18.2 Characteristics of planning 4.18.3 Advantages of planning 4.18.4 Disadvantages of planning 4.1 Objectives The following is a list of general objectives departments should consider when creating an Information Disaster Prevention and Recovery Plan: O Ensure the safety of all employees and visitors at the site/facility O Protect vital information and records O Secure business sites -
1 the Creation, Shipping, and Use of Radioactive Material Is Highly Regulated
Brooke Buddemeier, CHP Global Security Principal Directorate LLNLLLNL--PRESPRES--491531491531 1 This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. The creation, shipping, and use of radioactive material is highly regulated (IAEA, NRC, DOT, et)tc.). High Activity Sources can only be produced by sophisticated methods (e.g. reactors & accelerators). High activity sources can only be obtained after special licensing to ensure their safe use and their security. Similar regulations exist in other countries were radioactive material is produced or used. 2 LLNLLLNL--PRESPRES--491531491531 Buddemeier 1 1 --1010 kiloCi 1 - 500 10 --100100 (when spent) kiloCi kiloCi Fuel Assembly (when spent) . Spent Nuclear Fuel & High Level Waste 0010.01 - 020.2 1-10 . Radioisotope Thermoelectric kiloCi kiloCi Generators (RTG) . Medical & Radiographic sources 3 LLNLLLNL--PRESPRES--491531491531 Buddemeier CDC Emergency Preparedness & Response Radionuclides Radionuclide Half Life Radiation Information (years) billions of Natural uranium is comprised of several different isotopes. Uranium α, When enriched in the isotope of U-235, it’s used to power years + progeny nuclear reactor or nuclear weapons. Am-241 is used for neutron generation (AmBe), in industrial Americium-241 430 y α devices that measure density and thickness, and in smoke dilldetectors in small amounts. Radionuclide thermoelectric generators and heat sources Plutonium-238 88 y α (primarily for space applications) Blood irradiators, tumor treatment through external Cesium-137 30.2 y β exposure. Also used for industrial radiography. Radionuclide thermoelectric generators, industrial gauges Strontium-90 29 y β and to treat bone tumors. -
Interview: the Dual Fluid Reactor the Public Is Ready for Nuclear Power
Interview: The Dual Fluid Reactor The Public is Ready for Nuclear Power Dr. Ahmed Hussein is Professor Emeritus of physics at University of Northern British Columbia currently stationed at TRIUMF, Canada’s National Laboratory for particle and nuclear physics in Vancouver, British Columbia. He is also an Associate Member of the Institute for Solid State Nuclear Physics (IFK) in Berlin, Germany. He was interviewed on September 16, 2014 by Robert Hux for 21st Century Science & Technology. Robert Hux – Dr. Hussein, we met you recently at the millions of tons of green house gases and the 320,000 Pacific Basin Nuclear Conference here in Vancouver, tonnes of ash containing toxic heavy metals and tens of where you presented a very interesting new design for thousands of tonnes of sulfur and nitrogen oxides that a nuclear fission reactor.1 How does your design differ are produced by fossil fuel power stations. Furthermore, from the nuclear fission reactors which have been de- nuclear power reactors do not emit any radioactive ma- veloped since the 1950s? terials into the atmosphere during operation, while coal- Dr. Ahmed Hussein – Our reactor, called the Dual fired stations emit radioactive materials that are mixed Fluid Reactor (DFR)2, was designed to solve many of the naturally with coal. problems which exist now with the current reactors that Our reactor concept has a simpler design that avoids people are afraid of. Current reactors have some designs most of the problems that we have right now. And it will that actually originated in the military use of nuclear actually make nuclear power a lot cheaper, safer, most- power in the old days of the Manhattan Project, and they ly carbon-free, and better to use than any other energy were adapted to civilian use. -
A 50-100 Kwe Gas-Cooled Reactor for Use on Mars
SANDIA REPORT SAND2006-2189 Unlimited Release Printed April 2006 A 50-100 kWe Gas-cooled Reactor For Use On Mars Curtis D. Peters Prepared by Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185 and Livermore, California 94550 Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. Approved for public release; further dissemination unlimited. Issued by Sandia National Laboratories, operated for the United States Department of Energy by Sandia Corporation. NOTICE: This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government, nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, nor any of their contractors, subcontractors, or their employees, make any warranty, express or implied, or assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represent that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government, any agency thereof, or any of their contractors or subcontractors. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government, any agency thereof, or any of their contractors. Printed in the United States of America. This report has been reproduced directly from the best available copy. Available to DOE and DOE contractors from U.S.