Proquest Dissertations
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
SPIRITUAL PRACTICES: A STRATEGY TO INCREASE THE SENSITIVITY OF BRIARCLIFF BAPTIST CHURCH MEMBERS TO GOD'S ACTIVITY by WILLIAM JOHN BIGGER Master of Divinity, The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, 1990 A Thesis Project Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Mercer University McAfee School of Theology in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF MINISTRY Atlanta, GA 2008 UMI Number: 3321621 INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. ® UMI UMI Microform 3321621 Copyright 2008 by ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 E. Eisenhower Parkway PO Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I recognize that I have been blessed in so many ways through my life and through my doctoral work. During this lengthy process of pursuing my Doctor of Ministry, so many people have provided me with encouragement, help, love, and support. Though the journey has been difficult and tiring, I have learned so much and truly hope I am a more effective minister because of what I have discovered and the people who have walked with me along the way. I want to express my gratitude to the faculty and the staff at The McAfee School of Theology. McAfee offers a wonderful environment for academic learning and spiritual formation. I am grateful for the privilege of working on my degree with such a wonderful faculty and so many caring people. I certainly could not have made it through this process without all the time and energy that my supervisors, Dr. Denise Massey and Dr. Skip Johnson, have offered me so graciously. They have provided innumerable excellent suggestions and ideas, and they have walked patiently with me as my focus shifted and new ideas took root. They have provided a safe environment for brainstorming and for those times when I felt dry and uninspired. They have offered me far more than I could have expected, and I owe them both more than I could ever repay. They deserve much credit for the good elements of this thesis project. I thank them for being excellent supervisors and caring friends. iii iv My cohort group has been a source of wonderful friendship, sharing, laughter, and joy. Being "guinea pigs" in the first group of doctoral students has brought many ups and downs, but I could not imagine making this journey with a finer group of ministers and friends. I am truly thankful to Amanda, Charles, Dock, Jeff, Mike, and Tommy. Thanks to each of you for sharing in this process and in my life. You all inspire and challenge me. I certainly could not have completed this process without the support of the wonderful people who make Briarcliff Baptist Church a special congregation to serve. So many members have asked about my progress and have encouraged and prayed for me during these four years. This support has meant so much to me, so I offer my gratitude to my Briarcliff congregation for making it possible to continue my education and for serving with me in ministry. In particular, I want to express overwhelming gratitude to the church members who agreed to participate in the small group process for my thesis project. Working with these people has reminded me of what I love about ministry. Hearing them discuss honestly their spiritual joys and struggles has been refreshing, and I have been thrilled to hear them describe the ways God has been working in their lives. They have renewed my spirit, and I have been truly blessed by their friendship and love. I offer my undying gratitude to Bill, Bonnie, Chris, Doris, Ginger, Harish, Paul, and Sandy. They made this experience feel like far more than a school project. They brought me joy and hope. Of course, I could not have accomplished all that I have without my family. More than ten years ago, my mother, Sally, began pushing me to consider pursuing my V doctorate. She always emphasized the importance of education and wanted so much to see me take that next step in my education. I regret that I was unable to begin my doctoral work before she passed away, but I have thought of her often through this process and acknowledge her influence in my life and work in so many ways. Also, my father, John, and his wonderful wife, CJ, have continued to offer me support in so many ways. They are a blessing to my family and me, and I am grateful for their care, prayers, and love through this journey. Finally, and most of all, I want to express my love and gratitude to my wife, Leigh, and my children, Matt and Kaylee. At times, I have questioned why I began this process and how much it has cost my family, but they have remained faithful and loving through every step of the way. They have been patient and understanding when I have been overwhelmed, tired, and distracted. I learn so much from each of them and am a far better person and minister because of Leigh, Matt, and Kaylee. I am blessed to have them in my life and cannot find adequate words to say thanks for their patience, care, and love every day. So with much gratitude and love, I dedicate this project thesis to my wonderful family. Leigh, Matt, and Kaylee -- you have made this possible, and I love you. TABLE OF CONTENTS page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iii TABLE OF CONTENTS vi ABSTRACT x CHAPTERS 1. INTRODUCTION 1 Context 1 History and Background 3 Problem Statement 4 Research Hypothesis 4 Methodology 5 Assumptions and Limitations 8 Overview of Chapter Content 11 Chapter 1 11 Chapter 2 11 Chapter 3 12 Chapter 4 12 Chapter 5 13 Terms and Definitions 13 2. BIBLICAL, HISTORICAL, AND THEOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS 16 Introduction 16 Biblical Foundations 17 Need for Balance 18 God as the Initiator of Relationships with Humanity 22 Human Response to God's Initiative 23 The Example of Jesus 24 Implications for Spiritual Formation 25 Historical Foundations 27 Puritan and Anabaptist Roots 28 Characteristics of Early Baptists 32 vi vii Development in America 34 Southern Baptist Spirituality 35 Recent Developments in Moderate Baptist Churches 37 Theological Foundations 41 Soul Competency 41 The Priesthood of the Believer 45 Conclusion 48 3. SPIRITUAL DISCIPLINES 51 Introduction 51 The Nature of Spiritual Disciplines 52 Lectio Divina 55 Background 55 Description of the Practice 56 Informational Versus Formational Reading 57 Phases or Stages in Lectio Divina 58 Centering Prayer 61 Background 61 Description of the Practice 62 Guidelines for Centering Prayer 65 Journaling 67 Background 67 Description of the Practice 68 Practical Considerations 71 Sabbath Keeping 72 Background 72 Value of the Practice 75 Practical Considerations 78 Conclusion 82 4. SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH 84 Introduction 84 Limitations of the Survey 85 Analysis of Congregational Survey 88 General Information 88 Spiritual Practices 89 Spiritual Sensitivity 90 Evaluation 92 Analysis of the Pre-proj ect Survey of Group Participants 92 General Information 92 Spiritual Practices 94 Spiritual Sensitivity 95 viii Evaluation 95 Analysis of the Post-project Survey of Group Participants 96 General Information 96 Spiritual Practices 97 Spiritual Sensitivity 99 Summary and Conclusion 101 5. EVALUATION AND IMPLICATIONS OF THE THESIS PROJECT 103 Introduction 103 Evaluation of the Thesis Project 105 Introduction 105 Spiritual Disciplines 107 Lectio Divina 107 Centering prayer 108 Journaling 109 Sabbath keeping 109 Spiritual Sensitivity 112 Potential Improvements for the Thesis Project 114 Implications of the Thesis Project 116 Conclusion 122 APPENDICES A SPIRITUAL LIFE SURVEY 124 B SUMMARY OF SMALL GROUP MEETINGS 128 Introductory Meeting 128 Session 1 130 Session 2 133 Session 3 136 Session 4 139 Retreat 144 Session 1 : 144 Session 2 148 C HANDOUT FOR LECTIO DIVINA SESSION 152 D HANDOUT FOR CENTERING PRAYER SESSION 153 E HANDOUT FOR JOURNALING SESSION 154 F POSSIBLE GUIDELINES FOR THE RETREAT 155 ix G FRIDAY EVENING WORSHIP 169 H SURVEY DATA 170 I POST-PROJECT INTERVIEW QUESTIONS 178 J SUMMARY OF POST-PROJECT INTERVIEW RESPONSES 180 BIBLIOGRAPHY 210 ABSTRACT WILLIAM JOHN BIGGER Spiritual Practices: A Strategy to Increase the Sensitivity of Briarcliff Baptist Church Members to God's Activity (Under the Direction of DR. DENISE MASSEY) Seeking to encourage spiritual depth and spiritual sensitivity among members of Briarcliff Baptist Church, this project thesis describes an effort to introduce a small group of church members to a series of four spiritual disciplines. The author affirms that such practices received much emphasis in early Baptist history and argues that the traditional emphasis on soul competency and the priesthood of the believer provide a natural context for a rediscovery of contemplative spiritual practices by contemporary Baptists. To facilitate this learning, this thesis project utilized small group learning along with individual meetings with the author of this project thesis to invite a group of eight individuals to explore the disciplines of lectio divina, centering prayer, journaling, and Sabbath keeping. The author developed a Spiritual Life Survey to measure the level of spiritual discipline and spiritual sensitivity among members of Briarcliff Baptist Church. Participants in the thesis project completed the survey both before and after the small group process in order to determine whether the thesis project had been effective in encouraging the integration of spiritual practices and attentiveness to God's ongoing presence and activity.