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Bedrock Geology of Dixon West Quadrangle

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Bedrock Geology of Dixon West Quadrangle STATEMAP Dixon West-BG Bedrock Geology of Dixon West Quadrangle Lee County, Illinois Dennis R. Kolata 2013 Prairie Research Institute ILLINOIS STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 615 East Peabody Drive Champaign, Illinois 61820-6964 (217) 244-2414 http://www.isgs.illinois.edu © 2013 University of Illinois Board of Trustees. All rights reserved. For permission information, contact the Illinois State Geological Survey. INTRODUCTION STRATIGRAPHY The Dixon West Quadrangle is situated in northwestern Lee Bedrock in the Dixon West Quadrangle consists largely of County, Illinois. It encompasses the western parts of the city Ordovician dolomite and shale and a small area of Silurian of Dixon, which is the largest town in the county. Most of the dolomite in the southwestern part of the quadrangle. It has land is used for agricultural purposes but a moderate amount been standard practice of the ISGS during the past few of residential and commercial developments are present. decades to follow the Ordovician classification and nomen- clature proposed by Templeton and Willman (1963). Their The quadrangle lies in the Rock River Hill Country of the stratigraphy was followed in large part by Willman and Ko- Central Lowlands Province. The topography formed primar- lata (1978) who made minor revisions to some members and ily by deposition of glacial sediments (clay, silt, sand, and documented the presence of nine widespread K-bentonite gravel) in a till plain which was subsequently dissected by beds. These stratigraphic investigations have shown that the erosional processes of the Rock River and its tributaries. Upper Ordovician carbonate succession consists of distinc- Bedrock in the Dixon West Quadrangle is largely concealed tive rock units that can be traced over wide areas of the beneath the till plain except for local exposures along the riv- Midcontinent U.S. Correlation of rock units is based largely er bluffs and tributary ravines. The glacial deposits range in on 1) relative amount of disseminated clay, 2) chert content, thickness from 0 to 50 feet throughout most of the quadran- 3) widely traceable K-bentonite beds, and 4) hardground gle but reach thicknesses of 100 feet in buried stream valleys omission surfaces. These were the primary features used to in the southern parts of the quadrangle (Piskin and Berg- subdivide the Platteville and Galena carbonate succession strom 1975). Bedrock formation contacts are largely inferred into 1 megagroup, 2 groups, 3 subgroups, 10 formations, 32 because of the widespread surficial cover. Surface elevations members, and 9 beds. In the outcrop area of northern Illinois range from 820 feet near Palmyra to 650 feet along the banks where the type sections for many of the subdivisions occur, of the Rock River. the succession ranges from a mere 300 to 350 feet thick. Compared to other Paleozoic rock units, the Illinois Up- Compilation of this map is based on examination of bedrock per Ordovician carbonate succession is one of most highly exposures in quarries, road excavations, railroad cuts, and subdivided units in North America. Many of the formations natural exposures along streams and waterways. Subsurface are too thin to map at the current scale of 1:24,000, therefore information was obtained from water well records and drill do not meet the ‘test of mappability’ recommended in the cuttings filed at the Illinois State Geological Survey (ISGS). North American Stratigraphic Code (1983). Furthermore, the Wireline logs were not available in the Dixon West region ranks of ‘megagroup and subgroup’ are not recognized in the during this field investigation. Two reference wells situated Code (1983). Based on these facts, adjustments in the ranks within three miles of the eastern boundary of the map in the of the Illinois Upper Ordovician lithostratigraphic units are adjacent Dixon East Quadrangle provided valuable insight to warranted. The simplest way to bring the Templeton and the stratigraphic succession. These include the City of Dixon Willman (1963) and Willman and Kolata (1978) classifica- water well No. 10 (IP 121032353400); SW SW NW Sec. tion schemes up to code and to maintain the usefulness of 16, T21N, R9E; latitude N41° 489 3499 and longitude W89° the numerous recognized units is to reassign the ranks of the 289 3599; total depth 1,748 feet) and the Dixon State School lithostratigraphic units. It is here proposed that the revised well No. 3 (IP 121030009200; SW SW SW Sec. 21, T22N, classification would: R9E; Latitude N41.874675 and Longitude W89.472851; • eliminate the megagroups and subgroups, total depth 1,965 feet). Drill cuttings and gamma ray logs are • reassign Ottawa megagroup to the rank of group available for both wells. • reassign Platteville, Decorah, and Galena groups to formations The bedrock in Lee County was illustrated very generally on • reassign Pecatonica, Mifflin, Grand Detour, Nachusa, published state-wide geologic maps (Worthen 1875, Weller and Quimbys Mill formations to members of the Plat- 1906, 1912, 1917, Weller et al. 1945, 1961, Willman et al. teville Formation 1967, Kolata et al. 2005). One of the first concerted efforts to • reassign Spechts Ferry, Kings Lake and Guttenberg map in the area was done by Templeton (1940). His detailed formations to members of the Decorah Formation report on the Woosung quadrangle (1:48,000 scale) includes • reassign Dunleith, Wise Lake, and Dubuque forma- bedrock descriptions for the northern parts of the Dixon tions to members of the Galena Formation West Quadrangle. The most recent effort to map the bedrock • reassign all 32 corresponding members to beds is the countywide work of McGarry (1999). Stratigraphic • keep the nine named K-bentonite beds (Willman and and structural investigations in the Dixon area include those Kolata 1978) at bed rank (fig. 1). by Templeton and Willman (1952, 1963), Kolata and Busch- bach (1976), Willman and Kolata (1978), and Kolata et al. Likewise, the Maquoketa group is reassigned to rank of (1978), Kolata and Graese (1983). formation and the Cape, Scales, Fort Atkinson, Brainard, and 1 Templeton and Willman (1963) Willman and Kolata (1978) Present Report OUP OUP E E E OUP OUP K-BENTONITE TION K-BENTONITE OUP OUP OUP GR GR AG AG AG FORMATION MEMBER FORMATION MEMBER MEMBER BED BED BED ST ST ST GR GR GR SERIES SERIES SERIES SUBGR SUBGR FORMA MEGA MEGA Dubuque Dubuque Dubuque Stewartville Stewartville Stewartville Wise Lake Wise Lake Wise Lake Sinsinawa Sinsinawa Dygerts Sinsinawa Dygerts Edenian Wyota Wyota Cincinnatian Wyota Wall Haldane k k Wall Wall Haldane rk Nasset rk wic wic Sherwood Sherwood Pa Sherwood Pa Nasset n n Conover Conover Rivoli Rivoli es Rivoli es v Calmar v Calmar Galena Lo Lo Kimms Kimms Dunleith Mortimer Dunleith Mortimer Dunleith Mortimer entonia entonia Galena Fairplay Galena Fairplay Fairplay Tr Tr Eagle Point Eagle Point Eagle Point Beecher Beecher Beecher St. James St. James Chatfieldian St. James Buckhorn Buckhorn Buckhorn Glenhaven Glenhaven Dickeyville Glenhaven Dickeyville Guttenberg Guttenberg Elkport Guttenberg Elkport Garnavillo Garnavillo Garnavillo Glencoe Glencoe Glencoe Spechts Ferry Spechts Ferry Millbrig Decorah Spechts Ferry Millbrig Decorah Castlewood Decorah Castlewood Castlewood Deicke Deicke Strawbridge Strawbridge Strawbridge Quimbys Mill Shullsburg Quimbys Mill Shullsburg Quimbys Mill Shullsburg wa wa wa Hazel Green Hazel Green Hazel Green Otta Otta Otta Everett Everett Everett Champlainian Nachusa Elm Champlainian Nachusa Elm Nachusa Elm Eldena Eldena Eldena Forreston wkian Victory Forreston Moha Forreston Hely Grand Detour Grand Detour Grand Detour Plattin Clement Plattin Stillman Stillman Stillman inian eran eran r ville ville ville iv Walgreen iv Cowen Tu Cowen kr Dement kr Platte Platte Platte Blac Briton Blac Hazelwood Mifflin Establishment Mifflin Mifflin Brickeys Blomeyer Oglesby Oglesby Oglesby Medusa Medusa Medusa New Glarus New Glarus New Glarus Pecatonica Pecatonica Pecatonica Dane Dane Dane Chana Chana Chana Hennepin Hennepin Hennepin Figure 1 Comparison of the proposed lithostratigraphic classification of the Platteville and Galena carbonate rocks in northern Illinois with that of Templeton and Willman (1963) and Willman and Kolata (1978). Neda formations to rank of members. The series and stage 3 inches, are stained by iron-rich minerals, and are back- names as well as boundaries are also updated in recognition filled with sediment from the overlying unit (Kolata et al. of the recent advancements in Ordovician chronostratigra- 1998, 2001). Some of the more significant surfaces include phy. 1) approximately 15 to 20 surfaces in the lower part of the Dunleith Member, 2) top of the Guttenberg Member, 3) top The stratigraphic units that are known to occur at the bed- of the Quimbys Mill Member 4) top of the Mifflin Member, rock surface in the quadrangle include the Upper Ordovician 5) top of the Pecatonica Member and 6) two or three surfaces Platteville, Galena, and Maquoketa Formations and Silurian in the lower 10 feet of the Pecatonica. Mosalem Formation. All were deposited in intertidal to subtidal marine environments. The Platteville and Galena STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY Formations consist mainly of dolomite. Several hardground omission surfaces within the Galena and Platteville are wide- The Dixon West Quadrangle is situated in a structurally spread and persistent. They are readily identified in outcrop complex area northern Illinois near the termination of and drill core and are useful in correlating this part of the the Sandwich Fault Zone, Plum River Fault Zone and the stratigraphic column. These planar surfaces are character- projected trend of the La Salle Anticlinorium (fig. 2). Lying ized by irregular solution cavities, mainly less than 2 inches parallel to and south of the Sandwich Fault Zone in Lee and across. They penetrate the bedding planes to depths of 2 to Ogle Counties is the Ashton Anticline. This broad anticline 2 Ashton Dixon West Anticlin Quadrangle e LEE Illinois Basin Figure 2 Structural configuration of Cambrian Franconia Formation in northern Illinois showing Dixon West Quadrangle rela- tive to major structural features (compiled by Janis D.
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