Science and Religion in the Face of the Environmental Crisis
Roger S. Gottlieb, ed., The Oxford Handbook of Religion and Ecology. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006. Pages 376-397. CHAPTER 17 .................................................................................................. SCIENCE AND RELIGION IN THE FACE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL CRISIS ..................................................................................................... HOLMES ROLSTON III BOTH science and religion are challenged by the environmental crisis, both to reevaluate the natural world and to reevaluate their dialogue with each other. Both are thrown into researching fundamental theory and practice in the face of an upheaval unprecedented in human history, indeed in planetary history. Life on Earth is in jeopardy owing to the behavior of one species, the only species that is either scientific or religious, the only species claiming privilege as the "wise spe- cies," Homo sapiens. Nature and the human relation to nature must be evaluated within cultures, classically by their religions, currently also by the sciences so eminent in Western culture. Ample numbers of theologians and ethicists have become persuaded that religion needs to pay more attention to ecology, and many ecologists recognize religious dimensions to caring for nature and to addressing the ecological crisis. Somewhat ironically, just when humans, with their increasing industry and technology, seemed further and further from nature, having more knowledge about natural processes and more power to manage them, just when humans were more and more rebuilding their environments, thinking perhaps to escape nature, the natural world has emerged as a focus of concern. Nature remains the milieu of 376 SCIENCE AND RELIGION 377 culture—so both science and religion have discovered. In a currently popular vocabulary, humans need to get themselves "naturalized." Using another meta- phor, nature is the "womb" of culture, but a womb that humans never entirely leave.
[Show full text]