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Of the Chornohora Mountain Massif (Ukrainian Carpathians) 16-38 © Arachnologische Gesellschaft E.V ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Arachnologische Mitteilungen Jahr/Year: 2016 Band/Volume: 51 Autor(en)/Author(s): Zhukovets Evgeni, Gnelitsa Valery A., Hirna Anna Y. Artikel/Article: A checklist of the spiders (Araneae) of the Chornohora Mountain massif (Ukrainian Carpathians) 16-38 © Arachnologische Gesellschaft e.V. Frankfurt/Main; http://arages.de/ Arachnologische Mitteilungen / Arachnology Letters 51: 16-38 Karlsruhe, April 2016 A checklist of the spiders (Araneae) of the Chornohora Mountain massif (Ukrainian Carpathians) Anna Hirna, Valery Gnelitsa & Evgeni Zhukovets doi: 10.5431/aramit5104 Abstract. The present checklist of spiders native to the Chornohora Mts of the Ukrainian Carpathians is based both on literature-derived data and on material collected by the authors in 1999, 2006 and 2011-2014. The majority of these studies (approximately 80 %) were conducted in the upper montane forests, subalpine and alpine levels on the slopes of the main ridge and adjacent spurs and mountains. The study also covers glacial cirques and river valleys. A few spiders were collected from local villages. The list of spiders includes records from the collections of the Museum of Natural History of the Wroclaw University and Museum (Poland) and the Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw. A total of 252 valid species from 22 families is known from the Chornohora Mt. massif. Keywords: fauna, Ukraine Zusammenfassung. Eine Checkliste der Spinnen (Araneae) des Chornohora Gebirgsmassifs (Ukrainische Karpaten). Die vorlie- gende Checkliste der Spinnen des Chornohora Gebirges in den Ukrainischen Karpaten umfasst sowohl Literaturdaten als auch Auf- sammlungen der Autoren in den Jahren 1999, 2006 und 2011 bis 2014. Die meisten dieser Arbeiten (ca. 80 %) wurden in montanen Wäldern sowie an den subalpinen und alpinen Hängen des Hauptkammes und der Nebenkämme durchgeführt. Weitere Daten stammen aus den Gletscherbereichen, Flusstälern und Siedlungsbereichen. Die Checkliste umfasst auch Funde der Sammlungen der Universität und des Naturkundemuseums Breslau und des Institutes für Zoologie der Polnischen Akademie für Wissenschaften in Warschau. Insge- samt werden für das Chornohora Gebirge 252 Arten aus 22 Familien dokumentiert. The Chornohora Mountain massif is one of the most famous Information about spiders was never published, and then areas of the Ukrainian Carpathians. The first research on spi- the planned faunistic study of the territory was interrupted ders in this region was conducted by Leopold Wajgiel, the by World War II. Yet, the spider fauna of the massif under co-founder of the Chornohora branch of the Tatra Society consideration is represented by twelve species deposited in (1878). In his papers devoted to the fauna of Galicia, Wajgiel the collection of the Polish arachnologist Stanisław Pilawski provided data on 9 spider species collected from the massif (Hoverla Mt., Breskul Mt., Dancer Mt., Rebra Mt., Shpy- [Czarnogóra: coll. M. Łomnicki] (Wajgiel 1868). tsi Mt., field names Zarosliak and Foreshchanka, mountain In 1876-79, while analyzing the spider fauna of Hungary, ranges Kukul and Rozshybenyk, vil. Voronenko; coll.: 1933- A. Herman noted one species from Mt. Petros [Pietrosz: coll. 1938; Museum of Natural History, Wroclaw University). J. Pavel] (Herman 1879). The Czechoslovakian arachnologist J. Baum in his papers At the turn of the 19th to the 20th century, a comprehen- presented data about three spider species from Mt. Hoverla sive collection from the Chornohora Mts was brought to- (Hoverla: coll. J. Štorkán; Baum 1929) and two species from gether by the famous arachnologist Władysław Kulczyński the field name Koz’meshchyk (Kozmeščuk: coll. J. Štorkán; (based on material from his colleagues and friends). Some Baum 1930, 1934). A little more information about spiders of data were published in the work “Araneae Hungariae”. Chornohora was included in the publications of Hungarian Among them were 33 species from Mt. Petros (Pietroz: coll. scientists: G. Kolosvary recorded one species from Mt. Petros Chyzer), and eight from Mt. Hoverla (Hoverla: coll. J. Pavel, (Kolosváry 1937), and 41 species were listed by J. Balogh and J. Mathiasz; Chyzer & Kulczyński 1891, 1894, 1897, 1918). I. Loksa (Balogh 1940, Balogh & Loksa 1947a, 1947b). Unfortunately, the rest of the collection from this massif was From the 1950’s onwards the araneological study was never published and remains to be studied. Only informa- carried out by M. Legotai in the Zakarpats’ka Oblast. Infor- tion about a species from the Chornohora massif (field name mation on distribution of 36 species of spiders in the Chor- Ardzheluzha: author’s note), Zora distincta Kulczyński, 1915, nohora massif (Hoverla Mt., meadows Gropa and Menchul was listed in the Catalogue of Spiders of Poland (Prószyński Kvasivs’kyi, field name Koz’meshchyk) was presented in & Staręga 1971). her PhD work “The Spiders of the Ukrainian Carpathians” From 1912 onwards in some territories of the Chorno- (Legotay 1974), and in several papers (Legotay & Tarasyuk hora Mts the government of Galicia began to create nature 1964, Legotay 1958, 1959, 1973, 1989), most of which, un- reserves and the territory of protected areas was increased, de- fortunately, did not specify collecting localities. spite the changing territorial subdivision of Eastern Europe, In 1979, some arachnological material was collected by as well as Transcarpathia. This initiated a series of new large- A. Zyuzin in the Ukrainian Carpathians (within the Chor- scale inventory studies of the flora and fauna. In 1935 and nohora massif, mountains Hoverla and Petros, the Menchul 1939, Polish scientists produced checklists of many groups Kvasivs’kyi meadow, field name Ozirnyi). Results of this study of invertebrates from the massif (Fudakowski et al. 1939). were included in his PhD thesis devoted to the wolf spiders of the genus Pardosa in the fauna of the European part of the Anna Y. HIRna, Institute of Ecology of the Carpathians NAS of Ukraine, USSR (Zyuzin 1981). 4 Kozelnytska St., Lviv, 79026, Ukraine; E-mail: [email protected] In 1999, S. Ovtchinnikov described a new subspecies of Valery A. Gnelitsa, Sumy State Teacher’s Training University, 87 Romenskaja St., Sumy, 40002, Ukraine; E-mail: [email protected] spiders from the Carpathians, including the Chornohora Evgeni M. ZHUKOVETS, „Stanlyuks“ Ltd., 10 Nekrasova St., Minsk, 223040, Belarus; massif, Coelotes pickardi carpathensis Ovtchinnikov 1999 E-mail: [email protected] (Ovtchinnikov 1999), based on specimens collected by Y. submitted 20.08.2015, accepted 8.12.2015, online 5.2.2016 Marusik and A. Zyuzin. © Arachnologische Gesellschaft e.V. Frankfurt/Main; http://arages.de/ Spiders of the Chornohora Mountain massif, Ukraine 17 In 1999-2006, numerous invertebrate specimens were could also be used in the framework for nature conservation, collected by V. Chumak, V. Tymochko and V. Martynov from ecological planning and management. the territory of the Carpathian National Park and Carpathian The Chornohora massif is located in the eastern part Biosphere Reserve. Arachnological material (64 species of spi- of the Ukrainian Carpathians, in the Polonyns’ki Beskydy ders from the Chornohora) was analyzed by E. Prokopenko; area, on the verge of Ivano-Frankivs’k and Transcarpathian some of the spiders belonging to the family Linyphiidae were regions. The territory of the mountain massif is bordered by determined by V. Gnelitsa (Prokopenko & Chumak 2007). A river valleys. The Chornohora is delimited: to the west by the study of spider communities in the subalpine green alder and Chorna Tysa River; to the north by the Lazeshchyna and pine scrubs (Chumak et al. 2007) deserves special attention, Yablunytsia Rivers; to the north-east by the Prut River and as the first comprehensive ecological account of spiders from its tributary, the Ardzheliuzha River, through the Vorokhta the Chornohora Mts. mountain pass to the Il’tsia River; to the east by the Chornyi In total, 173 spider species have been reported from the Cheremosh River; and to the south by the Shybenyi and the Chornohora Mts, except for the collection by W. Kulczyński Bila Tisa Rivers. The total area of the Chornohora is approxi- which will be the subject of a separate study. Therefore, in mately 900 km2 (Nesteruk 2003). According to the divisions terms of the spider fauna the Chornohora seems to be one of adopted by the framework of Convention on the Protection the best investigated areas of the Carpathians. Although the and Sustainable Development of the Carpathians, the Chor- aforementioned studies have been conducted since 1867, they nohora is part of the two orographical units: Vysoki Polonyny were highly fragmented: most of the species remain known Chornohory and Vorochtians’ka Verchovyna. from one or two (rarely five or six) localities. The purpose of The Chornohora is the highest mountain group of the the present work is to summarize and complement the ex- Ukrainian Carpathians. Its main range extends for about 40 isting araneological data for the Chornohora Mts. Approxi- km. The western part of the massif contains Mt. Petros (2020 mately 60 % of the Chornohora massif is a protected area, in m), from which extends a group of the lower mountains.The particular, the territory of the Carpathian National Park and eastern section is a monotonous range with 11 summits over Carpathian Biosphere Reserve. Consequently,
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