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Sex Offenders and Communities COMMUNITY COMPASS SPECIAL RESEARCH REPORT NO

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Sex Offenders and Communities COMMUNITY COMPASS SPECIAL RESEARCH REPORT NO Sex Offenders and Communities COMMUNITY COMPASS SPECIAL RESEARCH REPORT NO. 3-10 Hamilton County, Ohio April 2008 COMMUNITY COMPASS - SPECIAL REPORT 1 2030 Plan and Implementa- gain cross-cultural experi- organizations. tion framework for Hamilton ence and knowledge at all County, Ohio. Among the education levels. Source of Copies: specifi c objectives related to 3.6: Promote regional solu- Hamilton County this study are: tions to regional issues such Regional Planning 1.6: Develop a strong link- as affordable housing, social Commission services, public transporta- age between all levels of 138 East Court Street tion and mobility. education and workforce Room 807 needs, including employee Cincinnati, OH 45202 retraining, educational train- Community COMPASS, Abstract 513-946-4500 ing, and life skills programs Hamilton County’s Compre- that: matches workforce sup- Title: www.hamiltoncountyohio. hensive Master Plan and Strat- ply with demand, provides Sex Offenders and gov/hcrpc egies is a long-range plan that the non-college bound stu- Communities seeks to address mutual goals Download this report at dent with employment op- related to physical, economic, Special Report No. 3-10 communitycompass.org tions, achieves employment and social issues among the preparedness, and results in a 49 communities within Ham- Subject: Acknowledgements regional commitment to edu- ilton County. Through a col- cation beyond 12 years. Community solutions for lective shared vision for the prevention, management, Report prepared for: future based on the wishes 2.3: Encourage and facili- and release of sex offenders Hamilton County Board of and dreams of thousands of tate public input, throughout in Hamilton County, Ohio citizens, Hamilton County the planning and decision- County Commissioners now has direction to chart its making process, which leads Date: course into the 21 century. to improved public decision- February 2008 Prepared by: making and improved pub- lic involvement, with buy- In developing a broad vision Synopsis: Hamilton County Regional with broad support, Commu- in from all sections of the Planning Commission Staff nity COMPASS will help en- County including citizens. Local governments are chal- sure that trends are anticipat- lenged to manage sex offend- 2.4: Foster a strong sense ers residing in their communi- Principal Researcher ed, challenges are addressed, of countywide community Caroline Stakus, AICP priorities are focused, and our ties in the interest of public that engages all citizens (in- safety and community stabil- Planning Services Admin. collective future is planned cluding youth), encourages and achieved strategically ity. Registration, notifi cation, volunteerism, and makes full and residency restrictions over the next 20 to 30 years. use of our social capital in Through an in-depth analysis for sex offenders are utilized County and local decision- with the expectation that these Ronald P. Miller, FAICP of all aspects of the County, making. Executive Director the multi-year process will laws will protect the general result in a comprehensive 3.1: Encourage and main- public. However, many un- Karen Ambrosius plan. tain clean, safe, inclusive, intended consequences have Report Production accessible, communities that arisen from the increasing foster open communication. level of restrictions. Facts Implementation 3.2: Promote health and and statistics are presented of Community longevity for all residents of to address the many myths regarding people who have COMPASS Hamilton County by provid- ing opportunities for equal sexually offended and their access to preventative and impact on the community. To Sex Offenders and Com- restorative health and health- provide a more effective way munities suggests recom- related services, and other so- to address sex offender issues, mendations consistent with cial and community services. recommendations are made Economic Development, to Hamilton County offi cials Collaborative Decision- 3.3: Promote quality, edu- based on best practices and Making and Diversity and cational opportunities in safe interviews with persons in law Equity Objectives and Poli- learning environments, and enforcement, criminal justice, cies as contained within the opportunities for students to social service agencies, treat- ment community, and citizen ii SEX OFFENDERS IN COMMUNITIES SEX OFFENDERS AND COMMUNITIES Community Solutions for Prevention, Management, and Release of Sex Offenders in Hamilton County, Ohio Table of Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 2 Registered Sex Offenders in Ohio ................................................................................................. 3 Sex Offender Incarceration ............................................................................................................ 6 Tracking Sex Offenders ............................................................................................................... 10 Sex Offender Recidivism and Treatment .....................................................................................13 Recommendations for Hamilton County ..................................................................................... 14 Summary of Recommendations Annotated Recommendations Selected Best Practices for Consideration by Hamilton County ................................................. 18 Criminal Justice Grant Sources .................................................................................................... 19 Appendix A: Persons Interviewed for Sex Offender Research .................................................21 Appendix B: History of Sex Offender Legislation ................................................................... 22 Appendix C: Statement on Sex Offender Residence Restrictions in Iowa ............................... 24 Community COMPASS Publications .......................................................................................... 27 COMMUNITY COMPASS - SPECIAL REPORT iii 4 SEX OFFENDERS IN COMMUNITIES SEX OFFENDERS AND COMMUNITIES Community Solutions for Prevention, Management, and Release of Sex Offenders in Hamilton County, Ohio Communities across the country are being challenged to address issues related to sex offenders. Recognizing local concerns, the Hamilton County Board of Commissioners requested this research study to identify ways to better protect and inform citizens, and at the same time, to consider measures to reduce the likelihood of sex offenders re-of- fending. COMMUNITY COMPASS - SPECIAL REPORT 5 Introduction Few crimes in the U.S. receive as much attention as sex offenses. This concern is under- What types of crimes are standable as sex offenses have a profound impact on both victims and communities. The considered sex offenses? public wants to know what can be done to keep themselves safe. They want to know who Sex offense crimes include these sex offenders are, who is at risk for being targeted by them, why they offend, and sexual assault of children, how they can be stopped. However, although about 265,000 sex offenders are incarcerated rape, date rape, statutory in U.S. prisons and jails, and 20,000 return to their communities each year, it is estimated rape, public indecency, that less than 10 percent of those who commit sexual assault are actually apprehended and voyeurism, prostitution, solicitation, pornography, convicted according to National Crime Victimization Surveys. Further, the “stranger dan- lewd acts, pandering, ger” assumption widely held by the general public is a fallacy as violence against children pimping, unlawful sodomy, is overwhelmingly perpetrated by family members or acquaintances. A U.S. Department and public indecency. of Justice Report states that 93 percent of victims of child sexual abuse victims knew the perpetrator: 34.2 percent were family members and 58.7 percent were acquaintances1. The many misconceptions about sexual offenses and the rare incidents of horrifi c sex crimes perpetrated against children have led to legislation at the local, state, and national levels that seeks to protect society, but in reality may actually be counterproductive. "In the absence of an informed public debate on the re-entry of those who have been convicted of sex crimes, fear-based laws are being enacted across the coun- try. Ironically, the re-entry process also has the potential to become one of the best forums for creating the conditions for a safer community and preventing the sexual abuse of children.”2 The rush to pass residency restrictions and community notifi cation for all levels of sex offenders is fueled by a general public that is operating on fear rather than fact. In the recent Human Rights Watch report, “No Easy Answers: Sex Offender Laws in the U.S., September 2007,” the laws are questioned as producing unintended results. “Current registration, community notifi cation, and residency restriction laws may be counterproductive, impeding rather than promoting public safety. For example, the proliferation of people required to register even though their crimes were not serious makes it harder for law enforcement to determine which sex offenders warrant careful monitoring. Unfettered online access to registry information facilitates – if not encourages – neighbors, employers, colleagues, and others to shun and ostracize former offenders – diminishing the likelihood of their success- ful reintegration into communities.
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