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140 East Town Street STATE OF CRIME 14th Floor Columbus, Ohio 43215-9978 AND JUSTICE IN OHIO History Citizen Attitudes Crime Offenders Victims Law Enforcement Courts Corrections Future Bob Taft, Governor Karen J. Huey, Director Jennette Bradley, Lt. Governor Ohio Office of Criminal Justice Services STATE OF CRIME AND JUSTICE IN OHIO BobBob Taft,Taft,GovernorGovernor KarenKaren J.J. Huey, Huey,DirectorDirector JeJennettennette Bradley,Bradley,Lt.Lt. Governor Governor OhioOhio OfficeOffice ofof Criminal Criminal JusticeJustice ServicesServices Generous support for State of Crime and Justice in Ohio was provided by Award Number 00-DG-B01-7239 from the Bureau of Justice Assistance, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice, to the Ohio Office of Criminal Justice Services (OCJS), and Bureau of Justice Statistics Grant 2002-BJ-CX-K008 to the Ohio Statistical Analysis Center at OCJS. Bob Taft, Governor Jennette Bradley, Lt. Governor Karen J. Huey, Director Message from the Director: The Ohio Office of Criminal Justice Services (OCJS) is a cabinet agency dedicated to criminal justice planning and funding for the state of Ohio. OCJS strives to work with its local and state criminal justice partners in the development of new initiatives, technology collaboration, training programs, and enhanced client services. During the evolution of new initiatives and projects, comprehensive evaluation and research is woven throughout, helping to guide the policymakers in direction and development. It has been the mission of OCJS to periodically step away from the daily work and take a comprehensive view of criminal justice in Ohio. We strive to tap into the pulse of criminal justice through the collection of data, assessment of trends, and identification of best practices. Administrative Taking a serious look at what has changed and why, at times casting a Communications Legislation glance forward to future paths. OCJS is pleased to present the third edition of State of Crime and Justice in Ohio. Since the last edition of State of Crime and Justice in Ohio was Justice Assistance produced in 1995, the face of crime in our nation has changed dramatically. Grants Administration’ Consequently, we have revised our approach and as a result of better, Planning & Evaluatiuon more timely information available to us today, we have improved the quality of information. Additionally, crime and public safety have become more serious areas of concern for the citizens of Ohio and our nation. Building and maintaining healthy, safe communities throughout Justice Technology the state of Ohio has become an even higher priority to improving the Crime Reporting quality of life in our state. Information Sharing The information presented in this report was compiled from a variety of sources, representing all aspects of the criminal justice and social service systems. Its intent is to provide the very best information on this multifaceted issue. We hope it will serve as a reference point for our state administration, legislature, law enforcement, members of the criminal justice community, victims groups, and the citizens of Ohio as we work together to enhance public safety in Ohio, both today and tomorrow. 140 East Town Street – 14th Floor Columbus, Ohio 43215-9978 Karen J. Huey Phone: 614.466.7782 Director Fax: 614.466.0308 Toll Free: 888.448.4842 Ohio Office of Criminal Justice Services www.ocjs.ohio.gov Equal Opportunity Employer OHIO OFFICE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE SERVICES Ohio’s Lead Justice Planning and Assistance Agency TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements . .1 Introduction . .3 History of Crime and Justice . .5 Citizen Attitudes . .21 Crime . .39 Offenders . .67 Victims . .85 Law Enforcement . .105 Courts . .133 Corrections . .161 Future of Crime and Justice . .203 Endnotes . .223 Acronyms . .231 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS • 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The immense undertaking of Senarath Abeyratne,Research Supervisor, Ohio Department of Job and Family Services. Committee Member State of Crime and Justice in Ohio Sonia Alemagno,Associate Director, The Institute for Health and Social Policy, University would not have been possible of Akron. Inset Author without the direction, insight, The Honorable James W. Bachman,Judge, retired, Bowling Green State University. Chapter Reviewer and support of many individuals. David Berenson,Director, Sex Offender Services, Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and The Ohio Office of Criminal Correction. Inset Author David H. Bodiker,Director, Ohio Public Defender’s Office. Chapter Reviewer Justice Services thanks the Sharon Boyer,Director, Crime Victims Assistance Division, Attorney General’s Office. following justice professionals for Chapter Reviewer their invaluable contributions to Mitchell B. Chamlin,Professor, University of Cincinnati. Committee Member Vernon Chenevey,Executive Director, Ohio Peace Officer Training Commission. Chapter the 2004 Report: Reviewer James A. Conser,Professor, Youngstown State University. Information Contributor Robert Cornwell,Executive Director, Buckeye State Sheriffs’ Association. Chapter Reviewer Francis T. Cullen,Distinguished Research Professor, University of Cincinnati. Committee Member Mark S. Davis,Associate Director, Institute for the Study and Prevention of Violence, Kent State University. Committee Member Karen S. Days,Executive Director, Columbus Coalition Against Family Violence. Inset Author David J. Diroll,Director, Ohio Criminal Sentencing Commission. Information Contributor Joseph F. Donnermeyer,Professor, The Ohio State University. Inset Author John Eck, Professor, University of Cincinnati. Inset Author; Committee Member Sarah Ellis,Section Director, Ohio Office of Criminal Justice Services Robin Shepard Engel,Associate Professor, University of Cincinnati. Committee Member Edna Erez,Professor, Kent State University. Committee Member Bonnie Fisher,Professor, University of Cincinnati. Committee Member Luceille Fleming,former Director, Ohio Department of Alcohol and Drug Addiction Services. Leadership Essay Author James Frank,Associate Professor, University of Cincinnati. Committee Member F. Diane Hatcher,Manager, Case Management Programs, The Supreme Court of Ohio. Committee Member Jon Heil,Researcher, Ohio Department of Public Safety. Committee Member Domingo S. Herraiz,former Director, Ohio Office of Criminal Justice Services Karin J. Ho,Administrator, Office of Victim Services, Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction. Inset Author Karen J. Huey,Director, Ohio Office of Criminal Justice Services Hope D. Janke,former Assistant Director, Ohio Office of Criminal Justice Services. Editor Eric S. Jefferis,Research Associate, Institute for the Study and Prevention of Violence, Kent State University. Committee Member Melissa A. Knopp,Program Manager for Specialized Dockets, The Supreme Court of Ohio. Inset Author Jeff Knowles,Director, Ohio Statistical Analysis Center, Ohio Office of Criminal Justice Services. Managing Editor; Chapter Author Edward J. Latessa,Division Head and Professor, University of Cincinnati. Committee Member Ann Liotta,Chief, Office of Policy, Communications, and Legislation, Ohio Department of Youth Services. Chapter Reviewer 2 • STATE OF CRIME AND JUSTICE IN OHIO The Honorable Thomas Loudon,Judge, retired, Delaware County Juvenile Court. Inset Author Jim Luebbers,Assistant Chief, Justice Technology, Ohio Office of Criminal Justice Services. Contributing Author Linda Modry,Chief, Bureau of Subsidies, Ohio Department of Youth Services. Chapter Reviewer Christine Money,Warden, Marion Correctional Institution. Chapter Reviewer Kenneth L. Morckel,Director, Ohio Department of Public Safety. Leadership Essay Author The Honorable Thomas J. Moyer,Chief Justice, The Supreme Court of Ohio. Leadership Essay Author Geno Natalucci-Persichetti,Director, Ohio Department of Youth Services. Leadership Essay Author Evalyn Parks,Chief, Bureau of Planning and Evaluation, Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction. Chapter Reviewer Candace Peters,Researcher, Ohio Office of Criminal Justice Services. Chapter Author, Graphics Designer Ruth Peterson,Director and Professor, The Ohio State University Criminal Justice Research Center. Chapter Reviewer Andrew Popel,Administrator, Office of Research and Quality, Ohio Department of Youth Services. Chapter Reviewer Phillip K. Potter,Chief of Police, Piqua Police Department. Chapter Reviewer Diana L. Ramos-Reardon,Program Manager, Family Violence Prevention Center, Ohio Office of Criminal Justice Services. Chapter Author The Honorable James S. Rapp,Judge, Hardin County Probate and Juvenile Court. Inset Author Fritz Rauschenberg,Program Administrator, Ohio Department of Drug and Alcohol Addiction Services. Information Contributor Ed Rhine,Chief, Office of Offender Reentry and Correctional Best Practices, Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction. Inset Author, Chapter Reviewer Marc T. Rospert,Executive Director, Ohio Crime Prevention Association. Chapter Reviewer William J. Sabol,Assistant Director, U.S. General Accounting Office. Chapter Reviewer Jim Schnaible, RECLAIM Data Manager, Ohio Department of Youth Services. Chapter Reviewer Karen Scott,Executive Director, Women’s Tri-County Help Center. Inset Author Kent H. Shafer,Commander, Columbus Division of Police Services. Inset Author Lisa Contos Shoaf,Researcher, Ohio Office of Criminal Justice Services. Chapter Author, Graphics Designer Bruce Sowards,Researcher, Ohio Department of Youth Services. Chapter Reviewer Douglas R. Stephens,Director, Judicial and Court
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