“2006” MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007

TABLE OF CONTENTS

GENERAL POLICY STATEMENT...... 1

RESPONSIBILITY ...... 1 Management...... 1 Area Supervisor /QAT / Party Chief...... 1 Individuals...... 2

SURVEY SAFETY PLANNING...... 2 Job Safety Analysis (JSA) ...... 2

EMERGENCIES/ACCIDENTS...... 2 - 4 Reportable Accidents...... 2 - 3 Vehicle Accidents ...... 3 Vehicle Incidents ...... 3 Internal Reporting ...... 3 Construction Zone Accidents...... 4

INJURIES...... 4

HAZARDOUS SPILL ...... 4 - 5

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) ...... 5

TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT HAZARDS...... 5 - 7 Care of Tools...... 5 Machetes ...... 5 Axes and Hatchets...... 5 Shovels...... 6 Digging Bars ...... 6 Driving Tools...... 6 Power Tools and Equipment...... 6 Electrical Equipment...... 7 Lasers ...... 7 Aerosol Spray Cans...... 7

WORK AREA HAZARDS - Special Precautions ...... 7 - 8 Fence Crossings ...... 7 Traversing Hazardous Areas...... 7 Stream Water ...... 7 Power Lines ...... 7 Fire Control...... 8

i MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007

CONSTRUCTION OPERATIONS ...... 8 - 9 General Precautions ...... 8 Blasting Zone...... 8 Pits...... 8 Open Excavations ...... 8 - 9 Underground Utilities ...... 9 Confined Spaces...... 9 Night time Operations...... 9

RAIL ROADS ...... 9 - 10 Surveyor Protection ...... 9 - 10

WORKING ON OR NEAR WATER ...... 10

WORKING ON ICE...... 10

WORK ZONE...... 10 - 11 Working in Traffic ...... 10 - 11 Lookouts ...... 11 Alert Signal ...... 11

VEHICLE EQUIPMENT ...... 11

FIRST AID ...... 11

WEATHER...... 11 - 12 An Approaching Thunderstorm ...... 11 - 12 Heat Stress ...... 12 Cold Exposure...... 12 Weather Safety Hazards...... 12

AGGRESSIVE ANIMALS ...... 12 - 13 Domestic ...... 12 Wild Animals...... 12 - 13

ii MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH HAZARDS ...... 13 - 14 Insect Bites...... 13 Ticks...... 13 Proper Tick Removal ...... 13 - 14 West Nile Virus...... 14

ERGONOMICS ...... 14 - 15

TRAINING ...... 15 Mandatory Training for Field Personnel...... 15 Suggested Training for Field Personnel...... 15

GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS ...... 16

APPENDIX A Links To Standards ...... A-1

APPENDIX B JSA Form ...... B-1

APPENDIX C Accident / Incident Report...... C-1 First Report Of Injury Link...... C-1 Emergency Numbers...... C-1

APPENDIX D APM 410 (PPE) ...... D-1 APM 413 (Construction) ...... D-1 APM 433 (Confined Space Entry)...... D-1

APPENDIX E Open Excavation – OSHA Links...... E-1 Safety Coordinators (Phone Numbers)...... E-1

APPENDIX F Railroad Telephone List...... F-1

iii MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007

APPENDIX G MDOTWEB Website Link ...... G-1

APPENDIX H Work Zone Diagrams...... H-1

APPENDIX I Other Numbers: Hazards / Waste ...... I-1 Health & Safety...... I-1 DEP ...... I-1 DIGSAFE...... I-1

APPENDIX J Ergonomic Stretches ...... J-1

iv MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007 GENERAL POLICY STATEMENT death or serious physical harm to his employees; NO SURVEY OPERATION SHALL BE (2) shall comply with occupational safety CONSIDERED AS EITHER SO IMPORTANT and health standards promulgated under OR SO URGENT THAT ANY SAFE this Act. PRACTICE WILL BE COMPROMISED! (b) Each employee shall comply with MaineDOT employee’s survey in many occupational safety and health standards and all different hazardous environments: rugged rules, regulations, and orders issued pursuant to terrain, high-speed traffic, hazardous tools, and this Act which are applicable to his own actions construction equipment are some of the and conduct.” elements that typify survey hazards. Most people have one thing in common with Distribution - Each field employee shall have many who have experienced an accident: ready access to this safety manual. “THEY BELIEVE THAT IT COULD NOT HAPPEN TO THEM.” Management: A meaningful safety program requires that each Survey employee acknowledge that, Headquarters - Responsible for establishing a “IT CAN HAPPEN TO ME!” safety program which conforms to the spirit and Each must also ask, "What is my the letter of MaineDOT policies, OSHA, responsibility?", and "What can I do to keep it Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices from happening?" (MUTCD) and all pertinent State laws.

It is not possible to develop a manual which will See APPENDIX A for links to current standards cover every situation. This manual represents for all of these references. safe surveying practices. Work place safety will vary from job to job and area to area. No work Supervisors, Quality Assurance Technicians area can be considered “routine” when it comes and Party Chiefs are responsible for: to safety. • Monitoring safety conditions and RESPONSIBILITY performance.

MaineDOT as an employer shall do everything • Instructing subordinates about policies and reasonably necessary to protect the life, safety, practices affecting them and the more and health of employees. detailed procedures and responsibilities stated in the Survey Manual. The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) of 1970 (General Duty Clause) states • Not knowingly permitting an employee to as follows: work when his ability or alertness is impaired by fatigue, or other factors, so he or others “(a) Each Employer might be exposed to injury.

(1) shall furnish to each of his employees • To provide training as required for new employment and a place of employment employees according to, but not limited to which are free from recognized hazards the standards listed in this manual. that are causing or are likely to cause

1 MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007 • Give employee a copy of the Survey Safety others to act.). If the unsafe condition is not Manual and allow them time to read and resolved then follow the proper chain of study it. Be available to answer any questions command and/or contact the Safety Office or and be certain the employee understands its your Safety Coordinator. basic requirements. SURVEY SAFETY PLANNING • Conduct daily Job Safety Analysis (JSA) and Monthly Safety Meetings for each Survey Safety shall be given top priority in the planning Crew and distributing Safety Bulletins. of all surveys. Planning shall include:

Job Safety Analysis (JSA): • The Office of Safety must be notified of any

citations anticipated or issued by the Bureau Job Safety Analysis is a method of assessing of Labor. work activities on the job site to establish

whether adequate precautions are in place. Individuals:

It involves the identification of potential hazards • Every employee is responsible for their on the job site and ways of controlling possible safety and the safety of their coworkers. Do risks involved with specific tasks such as: not attempt to delegate this responsibility.

• The safest time of day that survey can be • All field personnel shall have a practical accomplished. working knowledge of this safety manual.

• Utilize the optimum number of personnel to • Each employee has a moral responsibility to do the job; always use the “buddy” system. do everything reasonably necessary to protect life, safety and health of everyone and When working by yourself always let comply with all occupational safety and • someone know where you’ll be and when health regulations which are applicable to you expect to return. their job.

• Assign only trained and qualified personnel • Promptly report injuries and accidents and for the more hazardous jobs. unsafe conditions, tools and equipment.

See APPENDIX B for JSA Example • Employees shall adhere to all MaineDOT Administrative Policy Memorandums EMERGENCIES/ACCIDENTS (APMs), MUTCD, OSHA and all pertinent

State laws. “Legal Requirements:

• Employees must report unsafe conditions REPORTABLE ACCIDENTS AS DEFINED when they are noticed to their supervisor. Do FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT PURPOSES: not delay reporting. This is the first communication you should make. This will As defined in the Maine Motor Vehicle Statutes, enable correction of the problem before an Title 29-A, § 2251, “REPORTABLE accident or injury occurs. (If you can safely ACCIDENT” means an accident on a public way correct the problem, do so. Do not wait for

2 MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007 or a place where public traffic may reasonably be vehicle accidents must be reported anticipated, resulting in bodily injury or death to a including minor property damage. person or apparent property damage of $1000.00 or more. D. All supplemental documentation (i.e. police reports, estimates, photographs, etc.) REPORT REQUIRED. “A reportable accident should be mailed directly to Risk must be reported immediately by the quickest Management Division, 85 State House means of communication to a state police officer, Station, Augusta, Maine 04333-0085. or to the nearest state police field office, or to the sheriff’s office, or to a deputy sheriff, within the county in which the accident occurred, or to the office of the police department, or to an officer, of MaineDOT VEHICLE INCIDENTS: the municipality in which the accident occurred.” All vehicle incidents must be reported including minor property damage.

MaineDOT VEHICLE ACCIDENTS: The driver involved in an incident involving a MaineDOT vehicle must All reportable accidents involving a MaineDOT complete an Accident / Incident Report to vehicle and other accidents involving a MaineDOT Risk Management Division in its entirety vehicle that involve another person, vehicle and/or and send it to Risk Management Division property that is not owned by MaineDOT must be within 24 hours of the incident. reported as follows: If the incident occurs on a public way or a A. If an accident occurs on a public way place where public traffic may reasonably or a place where public traffic may be anticipated, and the damage exceeds reasonably be anticipated, the police must $1000.00, it must be reported to the police. be notified if anyone is injured or if the total property damage exceeds $1000.

B. The initial notification for all accidents MaineDOT INTERNAL REPORTING: involving ANY injury or SERIOUS property damage must be made Any damage to a Fleet Services vehicle or immediately to a supervisor, MaineDOT piece of equipment whether internal or Office of Legal Services and Risk external must be reported to the Fleet Management Division. You must call Services Superintendent in the region. Risk Management Division directly at 1- Extensive vehicle or equipment damage 800-525-1252. This number is answered should also be reported to the Fleet 24 hours a day & 7 days a week. Manager’s office in Augusta.

If the vehicle or equipment damage occurs on a public way or a place where public C. The MaineDOT driver must complete traffic may reasonably be anticipated, and an Accident/Incident Report to Risk the damage exceeds $1000.00, the accident Management Division in its entirety and must be reported to the police and Risk send it to Risk Management Division Management Division, as described above within 24 hours of the accident. All in the Reportable Accident and Vehicle Accidents sections.

3 MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007 • ‘First Report of Injury’ documents must be completed. See APPENDIX C for Reports ACCIDENTS WITHIN CONSTRUCTION info. ZONES, INCLUDING MAINTENANCE AREAS • Contact the appropriate Workers Comp Any accident occurring in a construction zone, representative in your Region. including maintenance areas must be reported as follows: • All Emergency numbers are in APPENDIX C of this manual. A. The initial notification must be made by contacting the Region Safety Coordinator HAZARDOUS SPILL and an investigator from the MaineDOT, Office of Legal Services. Cathie Hinds Because of the increasing quantity of chemicals and John Poor can be reached at (207) and petroleum products that are being 624-3020. transported, the potential for an accident associated discharge is very real. B. Any additional information that becomes available subsequent to the initial In the event of a spill, extreme caution must be notification should be forwarded to Cathie exercised. There is always the possibility the Hinds or John Poor. This can be done via spill could be hazardous, and every accident e-mail, fax or by telephone, whichever is scene should be approached with this possibility most convenient for you. as a major consideration. All hazardous materials being transported must have an E-mail [email protected] Identification Number (I.D.) displayed on the placard or on an orange panel on tanks. Should E-mail [email protected] you be the first upon the scene after a spill, take the following steps: Telephone# (207) 624-3020 Fax# (207) 624-3021 • Remain at least 0.2 miles (1000 ft) from the site. If you smell it, you are too close. If you C. All supplemental documentation (i.e. see fire, a cloud of gas or dead animals, or if police reports, estimates, photographs, your skin, nose, or eyes become irritated, etc.) should be mailed directly to move further away. Office of Legal Services, 16 State • Remain uphill and upwind from the site House Station, Augusta, ME 04333- (many hazardous chemicals sink to ground 0016.” level.) • Call 911 or call the Radio Room INJURIES • Try to keep people out of the area. Immediate care shall be the first course of action. • If possible, without getting closer than 0.2 If emergency medical attention is needed CALL miles, get the number of the substance being 911. hauled and give that information to 911 or the Radio Room. Once the injured employee has received care: • Approach the scene only after an Incident Commander (usually the State Police) has • Your Supervisor shall be notified as soon as established that the site is not hazardous. possible.

4 MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007 TOOLS and EQUIPMENT The State Police are the take charge agency HAZARDS (Incident Commander) in hazardous materials spills. They will coordinate with the Care of Tools: Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) in supervising traffic control and the cleanup Improperly maintained tools can be a source of after. Your only course of action should be to annoyance as well as being a safety hazard. call for help or assist the Incident Commander if Each employee is responsible for keeping their requested to do so. See APPENDIX I for tools and equipment in good condition. To avoid important phone numbers. loss of small equipment and tools, avoid laying them on the ground, on vehicles, or on PERSONAL PROTECTIVE equipment which might be moved. When not in EQUIPMENT use carry them in the proper case and make sure they are secured in a closed pocket or attached Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to belt. includes but may not be limited to (meeting the requirements of APM 410 and 413): Machetes:

• High visibility soft sided cap or hard hat as • Sharpen machete blades only from 6 inches stated in APM 410 – APPENDIX A and from the butt of the handle to within 2 inches APPENDIX A-1 of APM 410 . Orange hats of the point. or an orange covered hard hat shall be • Use gloves and wrist straps, as required. worn during hunting season. The orange • Station machete users at no closer than 10- hard hat covers may be purchased through foot intervals. Protect yourself by retaining the Fleet Warehouse. this minimum safety zone. • Class 2 vests – Orange vests must be worn • While chopping, if possible, lean forward. during hunting season. • Swing with a full swing, but do not over • Safety eyewear swing or swing too hard. • Gloves • Clear small vines, etc., before cutting larger • Shirts and long pants vegetation. • Foot protection - Slip and fall protection – no • Do not use machetes for heavy cutting. open toed/open heeled footwear (APM 410 • Use long-handled shears instead of machetes and 413) for cutting thorny bushes and briars. • Hearing protection • Working near open water – may include life vests, life ring with 90’ lifeline, fall Axes and Hatchets: protection and in some cases a boat. Coast Guard Approved life jackets Ax, Brush Ax, or Hatchet - use in heavier brush • Rain wear (with reflective vests on the (more than one inch in diameter trunks). Keep outside) axes sharp. Dull axes tend to glance off wood while sharp axes bite into the wood. See links to and printout of the APMs in APPENDIX D of this manual. Do not use the hatchet to drive nails. The head of the hatchet is not tempered to withstand the

5 MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007 force of driving, and a metal splinter may pop • Do not use hatchets, axes and other wood off. cutting tools for driving or hammering metal, nails and pins. • Clear away any impeding, light growth with • Use safety glasses when driving or cutting a machete or a hatchet before chopping. metals. • Allow ample space between adjacent • Allow ample space for the swinging choppers and keep other persons outside the required. When swinging, have the handle area. horizontal when the face of the driving head • Do not use double-bit axes. contacts the object being driven. With long- handled sledges this requires flexing the Shovels: knees to lower the body during the swing. When squatting, use either a short handled • Use a round-pointed shovel for digging in tool, or keep the long handle from between hard earth. your legs. (Groin injuries can result). • Do not use the shovel in the same manner as you use a digging bar. Power Tools and Equipment:

• Do not over-exert yourself when shoveling Power tool usage requires maximum alertness heavy snow. and adequate training.

Digging Bars: • Training - Employees must attend Chainsaw Training before being allowed to operate • Work with the feet widespread. such equipment as chain saws. • Do not use a bar that is bent. • Do not operate a power tool unless you have been trained in its use. Driving Tools: • Fill gasoline tanks only in areas that are clear of flammables and combustibles. Do not fuel • Use the right type and size for each driving any equipment when its engine is running. operation. • Set portable generators so their exhausts are • Check for defects before using. directed at areas which are clear of • Repair or replace any driving tool that is flammables and combustibles and not in an burred or fractured on any part of the striking enclosed area. or driving face. Surveyors may be injured by • Set hot engines only on noncombustible the "shrapnel" effect from sledges or materials and away from possible contact hammers which have ragged or mushroomed with dry grasses and other tinder. edges. The same is true for "frost pins" or other tools which are driven. • Store and carry gasoline in Type II safety cans marked "FLAMMABLE". These cans • Crooked or warped handles as well as miss- are in stock at the Fleet Warehouse. Plastic hitting can cause injury to the user. Promptly containers are not to be used. replace cracked or broken handles. Handles should be firmly secured in all cutting and • Smoking is forbidden while fueling driving tools. equipment.

• Any damaged tool shall be taken out of service until it is repaired or replaced.

6 MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007 Electrical Equipment: dispose of with other solid waste. If cans are not emptied and depressurized, aerosol cans • Only use portable electrical hand tools that must be disposed of as hazardous waste at are double insulated or that have a grounding your nearest Fleet Service facility. wire. Do not remove grounding wires or WORK AREA HAZARDS prongs. Special Precautions • Do not use any equipment that has cords with broken insulation or damaged plugs or Fence Crossing: sockets. • Do not use electrical equipment when you or • Use gates, when possible. the equipment are standing in water or on • Do not attempt to carry anything when saturated soil. climbing on or over obstacles. • Place batteries, dry cells and wiring in • Cross barbed-wire fences at the center of a cleared areas and on stable bases. span and have a co-worker hold the wire(s) for you. Lasers: • Assume electric fences are energized.

Cross woven wire fences at posts only. Survey personnel must be aware of • these precautions. Traversing Hazardous Areas:

• Do not look directly into a laser beam. • Test footing and determine a safe route • Do not allow prolonged exposure of the eye before proceeding. at any working range. • Avoid risky short cuts. • Do not operate laser equipment unless you Do not run or leap downhill. are a qualified operator (or a trainee working • under the direction of a qualified operator.) • Use the "buddy" system in isolated areas.

Aerosol Spray Cans: Stream Water:

Serious injuries and costly cleanup Do not drink stream water or water from any have resulted from improper handling of untested source. Take potable drinking water pressurized spray cans. with you.

Power Lines: • Do not puncture or incinerate.

• Store at temperature lower than 120°F. Regard all power lines as dangerous. • Do not point nozzle or spray in the direction of the operator or co-workers, especially • Contact - Avoid contact with or possible toward the face or eyes. Carry so that an arcing to any equipment from electrical lines. accidental discharge will not be directed at In damp conditions double your precautions. the operator or co-workers. Clearances range from 10 feet at 750 volts to • Use caution when cleaning spray cans’ 42 feet at 1,000,000 volts. nozzles. • Power line Elevations - Do not make a • Disposal – if aerosol cans are empty and free "direct" measurement of the height of a of liquid and are no longer under pressure,

7 MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007 power line, even with a fiberglass rod. • Use appropriate PPE such as Hard Hat, Triangulate these vertical distances. Safety Eyewear, Hard Toe Boots as listed in APM 410 and 413. See APPENDIX D. • Notify the MaineDOT Resident or Inspector of any unsafe operations or conditions on the Fire Control: project.

Extinguisher – Type A-B-C extinguisher shall • Do not ride on any construction equipment. be provided in each vehicle. • Do not walk girders or along edges of raised platforms without guard rails or appropriate • Extinguish - If possible, extinguish the fire fall protection. and do not let your escape route become blocked. Blasting Zones:

• Escape – If you cannot contain or extinguish a fire • Before working in a Blasting Zone always check with the Blasting Supervisor for ♦ Warn others nearby. instructions. ♦ Follow your planned escape procedures. ♦ Call 911 to notify the proper fire-fighting • When working in an area where drilling agency or if a radio is available call the operations are in progress, wear proper PPE Radio Room. (eye, ear protection, hard hat, and hard toe boots). • Evade - Be wary of a fire that is anywhere near your work area. If it might be a possible • Mobile radio transmissions can set off threat to you, go to a safe place until the explosive charges. If you are near blasting threat has passed. operations, always check with the blasting supervisor before transmitting any message.

CONSTRUCTION OPERATIONS Pits:

General Precautions: • Check for pit overhangs and cracking along • Before Starting Work – Complete a JSA (Job the edge before working along the top of the Safety Analysis) to determine potential pit or the toe of the pit face. Do not work hazards from the natural environment, the between the toe of the pit and any equipment public, and the contractor's operations. Plan that may hinder escape from falls or slides of accordingly. the highwall or bank. • During Work - Be extremely cautious around • Evaluate with a Job Safety Analysis and heavy and fast moving equipment, especially contact the Region Survey Supervisor or the on haul roads and around equipment with Resident Engineer if you have concerns limited driver visibility. regarding the hazards present. • Do not rely on the operator's visibility, judgment or ability. Make eye contact with Open Excavations: the operator before walking in front of or behind any piece of equipment. Use lookouts All persons entering a trench shall be trained in as conditions dictate. the OSHA Standards – 1926 Subpart P- Excavation. See APPENDIX E for link

8 MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007 • Before entering any trench you SHALL be (2) Has limited or restricted means for entry or trained. You also shall communicate with the exit (for example, tanks, vessels, silos, storage Competent Person on Site to determine if it is bins, hoppers, vaults, and pits are spaces that safe to do so. may have limited means of entry.); and • Do not stand near, enter or work in a trench if it is not adequately shored or properly (3) Is not designed for continuous employee sloped. occupancy.”

• Do not park vehicles near the edges of Entry - Unless adequately trained, DO excavations. NOT ENTER a Confined Space with any part of the body (called breaking the plane). Underground Utilities: Typical examples of confined spaces would be: Utility Coordinators will send the Survey Supervisor a list of possible utilities that may be located in the proposed survey area. • Sewer and utility manholes. • Catch basins. The Party Chief will call all Utilities for • Multiplates and culverts may be Confined underground locations. Then they locate and Spaces under certain circumstances. mark their utility if it’s in the area. • When applicable call Dig Safe. See Prior to entering any enclosed space it must be APPENDIX I. determined if it is a Confined Space. You must • Stay clear of any operations that expose you complete the assessment included in APM 433. to hazards such as flammable gases, natural Contact the Safety Coordinator for further gas and electricity. instruction. See APPENDICES D and E.

• Minimize your involvement during digging Nighttime Operations: operations. • Once the utility is exposed comply with the If nighttime work is considered contact your Excavation Standards before entering the Safety Coordinator for proper guidelines. trench. RAILROADS Confined Spaces: Surveyor Protection: Crews should contact the Utility for assistance Safety is of the utmost importance. when opening an enclosed utility structure. • • Surveyors may be considered railroad Do not enter ditches, trenches, conduits, or employees in the eyes of the Federal Railroad underground chambers until you are trained to Administration if they are working on state do so. owned railroads. • If surveyors are to enter on railroad property "Confined space" means a space that: whether it be state owned or private they need to contact the railroad in question. They (1) Is large enough and so configured that an will tell you what is required. employee can bodily enter and perform assigned • At the very least the railroad will need to work; and give you a Job briefing. They may require a

9 MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007 flagger to protect you from trains and comply • When using waders you shall also wear a with federal regulations. U.S. Coast Guard-approved life jacket or • If you get within four feet of the rail you are buoyant work vest. considered as Fouling the Track and the • When entering the water, first plan your railroad has internal protections and federal route. Look ahead for exits should you have regulations that apply. Generally, the railroad difficulty and read the water for spots to wants you to stay 10 feet or more away. avoid, such as drop-offs, sunken logs, and • Know the means of protection and the place tricky currents. Walk across currents at right of safety. angles or face upstream and slide feet along • Know your contact and their telephone bottom. By facing upstream, or at least up- number. current, you'll be able to read the current as • Don’t be afraid to ask questions. well as prevent the force of the water from buckling your legs at the knees. Do not • Contact the local Track Supervisor or if you stride: shuffle sideways, using the survey rod know the railroad and do not know who the to test for depth and trying each foothold local person is then contact the Railroad before using it. Dispatcher and ask for their assistance.

WORKING ON ICE See APPENDIX F for Contacts and Railroad telephone list. • Always check ice thickness before walking/working on it. Be aware of changing WORKING ON OR NEAR WATER ice thickness in currents and spring holes, inlets and outlets. • Employees working over or near water, • When working on ice or in icy conditions where the danger of drowning / falling exists, wear ice creepers which can be purchased shall be provided with U.S. Coast Guard- online through the M & O Catalog which is approved life jacket or buoyant work vests. located on the MDOTWEB Websites. See APPENDIX G for website link. • Prior to and after each use, the buoyant work vests or life preservers shall be inspected for WORK ZONE defects which would alter their strength or

buoyancy. Defective units shall not be used. No matter how short the duration, work must • Ring buoys with at least 90 feet of line shall not be performed on or adjacent to the traveled be provided and readily available for way without proper protection. emergency rescue operations. Distance between ring buoys shall not exceed 200 feet. This includes attire, signs, flaggers, lookouts • At least one lifesaving skiff shall be and/or lane closures, as required by the immediately available at locations where MUTCD. employees are working over or adjacent to water. Suspend operations when uncontrollable • Of course, if the water were so shallow that hazards develop and revise the JSA. rescuers could simply run in (and a skiff would foul on the bottom anyway), a skiff Working in Traffic: would not be required. • Always try to face traffic when working on or near the traveled way.

10 MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007 • When working in the traveled way you must • Vegetation, relief roadway geometrics and have a lookout or the appropriate work zone other conditions which restrict sight distance. setup. • Move Deliberately - Do not make sudden Alert Signal: movements that might confuse a motorist and cause them to take evasive action or panic, When it appears that a vehicle or some stop, and cause an accident. equipment has become a real threat to personnel, the lookout will immediately and • Advanced planning is essential for all traffic REPEATEDLY shout a signal such as HEADS control plans and especially necessary when UP! (or some other pre-established alert signal), flaggers and traffic control devices, such as or speak it forcefully into a two-way radio. in a lane closure, are needed. See APPENDIX H for Work Zone Diagrams.

Lookouts: VEHICLE EQUIPMENT Definition: A lookout is an employee whose sole duty is to provide immediate warning to co- The survey van will be equipped to enhance workers of vehicle or equipment which may safety and carry safety equipment. All survey become imminent hazards to their safety. vans are equipped with seat belts and their use is mandatory – It’s the Law! All employees shall be trained to act as intermittent lookouts. All tools and equipment shall be stored and secured when transported. The safety of MaineDOT surveyors is often jeopardized by moving vehicles or equipment. Survey vans will be equipped with: At times the duties of the personnel or other conditions preclude employees looking out • Two way radio communication adequately for themselves. In such cases • Copy of the MaineDOT Radio Call Numbers lookouts are to be used. Survey work shall not manual begin until required lookouts are in place. • Fire extinguisher

The need for lookouts can be dictated by one or • Exterior warning light package more of the following: • Forestry First Aid Kit • Accident Report document • Location of instrument setups • First Report of Injury packet • Type of highway • Tick Kit • Vertical alignment • Horizontal alignment FIRST AID • Traffic volume • Prevailing speeds All Field Surveyors shall be certified in First Aid and CPR. Type of survey • • Traffic controls used A Forestry First Aid Kit shall be in every van • Construction activity and they shall be kept up to date. These kits are • Proximity to actively used railroad tracks available on-line thru the M & O Catalog which

11 MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007 is located on the MDOTWEB Websites. See • Move into warm locations periodically. Limit APPENDIX G for website link. the amount of time outside on extremely cold days. WEATHER • Carry cold weather gear, such as extra socks, gloves, hats, jacket, and a thermos of hot An Approaching Thunderstorm: liquid. • Include chemical hot packs in your first aid When to Seek Safe Shelter: Lightning can strike kit. as far as 10 miles from area where it is raining. That's about the distance you can hear thunder. Weather Safety Hazards: If you can hear thunder, you are within striking distance. Seek safe shelter Suspend field work under the following immediately! conditions:

Heat Stress: • If the visibility is impaired by snow, blowing snow, fog, ice crystals, heavy rain, etc. • Drink plenty of water. • A motorist may not see a person or vehicle • Take breaks in a cool, shady area. parked on or by the road from an adequate • Watch for symptoms of heat cramps, heat distance exhaustion and heat stroke in both yourself • Or if roadway surface conditions are such and co-workers. that a vehicle skid becomes a real possibility • Don’t try to get a suntan while working. Wear 30 SPF Sun Block or higher. AGGRESSIVE ANIMALS • Don’t ignore symptoms of heat stress. • Don’t try to "keep up" with the rest of the Domestic: crew, even though you feel ill. Don't run past a dog. Dogs naturally love to Cold Exposure: chase and catch things. Don't give them a reason to become excited or aggressive. • Wear several layers of loose clothing. Layering provides better insulation. Layers Never disturb a dog that's caring for puppies, can also be removed if you become too hot. sleeping or eating. • Tight clothing reduces blood circulation. Warm blood needs to be circulated to the If a dog approaches to sniff you - stay still. In extremities. most cases, the dog will go away when it determines you're not a threat. • When choosing clothing, be aware that some

clothing may restrict movement resulting in a If you're threatened by a dog, remain calm. hazardous situation. Don't scream. If you say anything, speak calmly • Boots should be waterproof and insulated. and firmly. Avoid eye contact. Try to stay still • By wearing a hat, you will keep your whole until the dog leaves, or back away slowly until body warmer. It reduces the amount of body the dog is out of sight. Don't turn and run. heat that escapes from your head. • Make sure to protect the ears, face, hands and If you fall or are knocked to the ground, curl feet in extremely cold weather.

12 MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007 into a ball with your hands over your head and Ticks: neck. Protect your face. • TUCK your pant legs into socks and your Wild Animals: shirt into pants when walking in woods, brush or tall grass. Deer ticks attach to If you encounter a wild animal that is acting clothing and then walk upward. especially strange, avoid it at all costs. It may • ·Wear LIGHT-COLORED CLOTHING so be rabid. that ticks may be seen more easily.· Use a REPELLENT containing DEET according to The behavior of animals with rabies may seem label directions—particularly on shoes, socks strange. They may appear unusually tame and and pant legs. Avoid applying high- friendly; with no fear of humans (healthy wild concentration products to the skin, especially animals usually maintain a distance and run on children. away if approached). Or they may appear restless and very aggressive, often biting at real • INSPECT yourself and your clothing, daily. and imaginary things. They may even drool a Have co-workers check your back or hard to lot. Contact the necessary authority, DON’T try see places. Ticks often attach at body folds, to catch them. behind the ears and in the hair. If possible, shower and wash clothes immediately. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH Prompt removal of ticks is extremely important. HAZARDS The Lyme disease spirochete is rarely transmitted before the tick has been attached for Insect Bites: 36 hours.

Apply insect repellent according to label Proper tick removal: directions. The more DEET a repellent contains the longer time it can protect you from mosquito • Grasp the tick with tweezers as close to the bites. A higher percentage of DEET in a skin as possible. repellent does not mean that your protection is • Pull gently but firmly until the tick lets go. better—just that it will last longer. DEET concentrations higher than 50% do not increase • Do not handle the tick with bare hands or the length of protection. squeeze the tick. • Apply antiseptic to the bite. Spray clothing with repellents containing permethrin or DEET since mosquitoes may bite Tick removal kits are available at the Fleet through thin clothing. Do not apply repellents Warehouse. containing permethrin directly to exposed skin. If you spray your clothing, there is no need to The first symptoms of Lyme disease in humans spray repellent containing DEET on the skin may be an expanding red RASH at the site of under your clothing. the tick bite, which can occur within a few days to several weeks. Other symptoms include: When possible, wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants whenever you are outdoors. • fatigue • headache • facial paralysis

13 MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007 • fever ERGONOMICS • aching joints and muscles ERGONOMICS is the science of fitting IF YOU EXPERIENCE A RASH OR ILLNESS workplace conditions and job demands to the within a month of visiting a tick-infested area, capabilities of the working population. The goal seek medical attention. Inform your health care is to avoid injury risks by assessing those work- provider that you have been in a tick-infested related factors that may pose a risk of area. musculoskeletal disorders and modify the body movement, environment and or equipment when possible to alleviate them. • The best way to prevent an exposure is to be "Rule of Self-responsibility"- The employee alert to what is going on around you. should really become "in-tune" to what they are • Not getting careless when it comes to feeling when performing the job task. Be aware wearing PPE or cleaning equipment. of signs of muscle fatigue, numerous overhead • Wash your hands whenever possible. positions, awkward posture, and static postures, • Notify your supervisor immediately. to name a few. Stretching for 20-30 seconds, • Seek medical attention. every 20-30 minutes is highly encouraged in order to give the muscles a break from the • Complete and Employee’s Report of Injury repeated task. See APPENDIX J for stretches. within 24 hours.

"Buddy up!" When lifting 50 pounds or more, West Nile Virus: always use a co-worker to assist in the lift.

West Nile virus (WNV) is spread by infected mosquitoes, and can cause serious, life-altering • Store heavy or awkward loads in locations and even fatal disease. Virus transmission may where you can use good lifting techniques to occur in parts of the country where mosquitoes access them. are still active. • If you have to reach for a load, don't jerk it to bring it closer. Keep you back straight and Just one mosquito bite can transmit WNV or slowly ease it into a better position and then other diseases. To prevent illness from WNV lift it. and other mosquito-borne diseases, remember – • Keep back straight use mosquito repellent! • Avoid twisting with loads

When someone is infected with WNV they will • Arms between knees when lifting typically have one of three outcomes: • Use whole hand to grip load • No symptoms (most likely) • Head up, eyes looking straight ahead • West Nile fever (WNF in about 20% of • Bend hips and knees people) or • Get tight to the load • Severe West Nile disease, such as meningitis • Feet shoulder width apart; one foot ahead or or encephalitis (less than 1% of those who both side by side get infected). • Put a cushion of some sort between your shoulder and the load you are laying on it If you develop a high fever with severe • Pay close attention to how far you bend your headache, consult your health care provider. neck down to look into your equipment and

14 MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007 for how long. Position your body so that minimal bend is needed in the neck • Watch how long you stand in static positions. It is stressful to your back and feet. • Where proper shoes with good cushioning

If you have other ergonomic concerns, let your supervisor know so that a workplace evaluation can be performed to help alleviate the risk and or problem. See APPENDIX I for Health & Safety phone number. TRAINING

Mandatory Training for Field Personnel:

• First Aid/CPR • Flagger Training • Work Zone (including Lookout training) • State Vehicle Certification

Suggested Training for Field Personnel:

• Chainsaw training (mandatory prior to using a chainsaw) • Driving Dynamics

Periodic refresher training will be conducted. All new employees will receive the above listed mandatory training within six months.

15 MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007 Glossary of Acronyms:

APMs: Administrative Policy Memorandums

ANSI: American National Standards Institute

CO: Carbon Monoxide

CPR: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

DEET: Meta-N,N-diethyl toluamide (An Insect Repellant Chemical)

DEP: Department of Environmental Protection

FHWA: Federal Highway Administration

ID: Identification Number

JSA: Job Safety Analysis

LEL: Lowest Explosive Limit

MaineDOT (formerly MDOT): Maine Department of Transportation

M & O: Maintenance and Operations

MDOTWEB: Maine Department of Transportation Intranet Website

MSDS: Material Safety Data Sheets

MSEA: Maine State Employees Association

MUTCD: Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices

OSHA: Occupational Safety & Health Administration

PPE: Personal Protective Equipment

QAT: Quality Assurance Technician

SPF: Sun Protection Factor

WNF: West Nile Fever

WNV: West Nile Virus

16 MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007

Appendix

A

LINKS TO THE STANDARDS:

• OHSA - http://www.osha.gov/

• MUTCD - http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/pdfs/2003r1/pdf-index.htm

A-1

MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007

Appendix

B

JSA :

• Example of our JSA is provided next.

B-1

Maine Department Of Transportation JSA Job Safety Analysis

For Surveyors

For Surveyors

Maine DOT – JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS PLANNING / WORK SHEET FOR SURVEYORS

Date: ___ Job Location:

Crew Leader or Supervisor: __

Crew Members: ______

Type of Job: ______TASK HAZARDS CONTROL/PROTECTION

(SEE PG. 2 FOR ITEMS TO CONSIDER AND BACK OF FRONT COVER FOR EXAMPLES)

SAFETY EQUIPMENT REQUIRED:______

REQUIRED PPE:______

REQUIRED TRAINING:______

1 Maine DOT – JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS PLANNING / WORK SHEET FOR SURVEYORS

EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN:______

______

Space to diagram SAFE WORK ZONE SET UP / TRAFFIC CONTROL or other Information.

______

ITEMS TO CONSIDER WHEN CONDUCTING JSA:

GRAVITY ENVIRONMENT PERSONAL EQUIPMENT MOVING MISC. Fall to same level Weather PPE Veh. Stability Traffic UG Util. / Dig Safe Fall to below Water Lifting / Carrying Equip. Stabil. Road Cond. Haz. Mat. (Sewer) Falling Objects Soil Conditions Communication Machete, Axe #Lanes/Speed Poisonous Plants Steep Slopes Sun / Lighting Repetitive Motion Chain Saw Trucks/Equip. Insects, Ticks

2 Maine DOT – JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS PLANNING / WORK SHEET FOR SURVEYORS

EXAMPLES:

TASKS HAZARDS PROTECTION

ROADWAY TOPO TRAFFIC,VISIBILITY, # OF LANES, SIGNS,CONES,FLAGGERS,

SPEED,ROAD CONDITION, SIGHT FLAGS,PADDLES, SPOTTERS,

DISTANCE,SHOULDER WIDTH VESTS,HATS,LIGHTS,RADIOS

SET-UP TRIPOD TRAFFIC, SHOULDER WIDTH, CONES, VESTS,HATS,GLOVES

CHIPPING ICE,AXE, EYE PROTECTION

CUTTING MACHETE,AXE,CHAINSAW TRAINING,EYE PROTECTION

BRUSH,TREES LEG PROTECTION,

BUDDY SYSTEM

ELEVATION OR

TRAVERSE RUNS

SUBSTATION HIGH VOLTAGE FOLLOW PROCEDURE ? ,

LOCATION OR CMP PERSON PRESENT

ELEVATIONS

CARRYING PULLED MUSCLES, BACK PROPER PROCEDURE

HEAVY EQUIPMENT STRAINS TRAINING,WEIGHT LIMIT

WATER BOTTOM DEEP WATER,CURRENT APPROVED LIFE JACKETS, WADERS,BOAT,SPOTTER

3 MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007

Appendix

C

ACCIDENT / INCIDENT REPORT :

• Title 29-A, 2251 Reportable Accident

• Risk Management Division 1- 800-525-1252

FIRST REPORT OF INJURY: Link

• http://mdotweb/wcw/wcw98/forms.htm

EMERGENCY NUMBERS

• 911 Police, Fire, Ambulance Emergency • Maine State Police 1(800) 452-4664 • Poison Control 1(800) 442-6305 • Augusta Radio Room (207) 624 – 3339 • Augusta Property Office (207)624-3460 • Region #1 (Southern) Scarborough (207) 885-700 • Region #2 (Mid Coast) Augusta (207) 624-8200 • Region #3 (Western) Dixfield (207) 562-4228 • Region # 4 (Eastern) Bangor (207) 941-4500 • Region #5 (Northern) Presque Isle (207) 764-2060 • Office of Legal Services and Office of Audit (207)-624-3020 • Health & Safety Office (207) 624-3069

C-1

MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007

Appendix

D

APMs

• APM 410 (PPE) http://mdotweb/apm/apm410.htm

• APM 413 (Construction) http://mdotweb/apm/apm413.htm

• APM 433 (Confined Space Entry) http://mdotweb/apm/apm433.htm

• Printout of APMs are next .

D-1

State of Maine Department of Transportation

Administrative Policy Memorandum 410

Supercedes APM dated effective April 4, 2001

Revised Date: January 23, 2002

TO: All employees

SUBJECT: Protective Clothing, Equipment and Devices

Purpose and Scope

Employees of the Maine Department of Transportation permanently or temporarily assigned to work areas where there is possible danger of injury, such as from impact, falling or flying objects, shock or burns, contaminated air or loud noise shall be protected by standardized personal protective clothing, equipment and/or devices and will be trained if necessary in the proper use and care of same. For purposes of this policy OSHA term P.P.E., or personal protective equipment, is intended to include any clothing equipment or devices that may be required in worksites utilized by DOT employees. Failure to use or to correctly use such P.P.E. in work areas or activities outlined in this policy and its appendices and attachments may result in disciplinary action up to and including discharge. Managers and supervisory personnel may be subject to disciplinary action when they fail to require use of P.P.E. or fail to enforce compliance with this policy through the use of ordinary supervisory and leadership techniques or by using the disciplinary process themselves where necessary.

Basis

This policy, its appendices and attachments, and the practices described have been developed on the basis of State and Federal law, regulation, or policy, and are supported by collective bargaining agreement. The specific policies and/or procedures as set forth in this administrative policy memorandum are not meant to reduce or diminish more stringent directives or procedures for use of P.P.E. that may be developed by unique operational units within the department. Instead they are meant to serve as standardized minimum requirements. In fact, Bureau Directors, Division Heads, Division Engineers and on-site supervisory personnel are authorized and encouraged to direct the use of P.P.E. in areas and activities not outlined in this policy when in their judgment there is reason to believe that such action is in the best interest of the safety of the employee(s).

Responsibility

Employees of the Maine Department of Transportation are responsible for carrying out the intent of this policy and its appendices and attachments. Employees are responsible for attending training as scheduled to meet the requirements of this policy. Employees who fail to attend appropriate training or testing programs required before using or wearing certain P.P.E. may be deemed unqualified to perform their jobs or certain duties of their jobs. Employees so disqualified may be suspended without pay either continuously or for time periods when the duties requiring the P.P.E. are being performed, until they have completed the required training or testing program.

During day-to-day operations, immediate supervisors and working leaders of departmental employees are charged with ensuring compliance with this policy, its appendices and attachments

For purposes of this policy the meaning of immediate supervisor includes any DOT employee who has direct and personal management or control of a work location or of another employee. This could include a formally designated lead-worker, the senior of two or more employees working by themselves or in some situations, an employee whose job typically requires working alone with infrequent observation by a supervisor. This definition is in keeping with the intent of the State of Maine Workplace Manslaughter Law in its attempt to identify accountability for the safety of a worksite. This does not relieve regularly assigned supervisors from their responsibility to provide essential P.P.E. to such remotely assigned workers or working leaders, but simply recognizes the fact that supervision cannot be all places at all times.

Bureau Directors, Division Heads, Division Engineers and all intermediate managers and supervisors are charged with implementing, promoting, monitoring and enforcing the provisions of this policy in a manner which clearly demonstrates to first level supervisors and employees that they support the overall safety policy of the Department of Transportation. Procurement, issuance of and accounting for all P.P.E. will be the responsibility of the Division Head or his/her designee, such as a safety coordinator. P.P.E. necessary to bring about conformance with this policy will meet or exceed state and/or federally adopted safety standards. Division Heads and Division Engineers are also responsible for ensuring that their employees are properly scheduled and directed to attend training and testing programs designed to qualify or maintain employee qualifications to use and wear P.P.E. First level supervisors will ensure that initial and continuing on-the-job-training emphasizes the use of P.P.E. as an integral part of performing duties in accordance with performance standards.

Contractor Safety

The Department of Transportation has a certain responsibility to see that its contractors and utility companies work within the State’s rights-of way, work in a safe manner. The Department shall act through its appropriate supervisory/management personnel.

Contractors employed by the Department shall comply with all applicable safety standards including OSHA and MUTCD. Contractors shall not be required to comply with APM (Administrative Policy Memorandum) 410.

If a serious violation of safety standards is observed and there is an imminent danger, then the work shall be stopped until conditions are corrected. If there is not an imminent danger but a clear violation exists, the contractor shall be notified. This notification should be through the contractor’s competent person or highest-ranking person on site.

Utility companies and their agents working within a State’s rights-of-way shall comply with safety standards. Notification to a utility company or its agent shall be in the same manner as notification to a contractor employed by the department.

The Department shall communicate through its Resident Inspector, Resident Engineer, Project Manager, District Manager, Superintendent, Division Traffic Engineer, Assistant Division Engineer, Division Engineer, Program Manager, Assistant Program Managers, Bureau Director, or Chief Engineer. Other Department employees who observe an unsafe condition shall notify any of the above employees to take appropriate action.

If a contractor or utility fails to take necessary action, the appropriate outside agencies shall be notified such as OSHA or State Police.

The Director of MDOT Health and Safety Programs will be responsible for overseeing this program and:

Providing technical support and guidance to supervisors and safety coordinators; and

Developing policy in new and related safety subjects.

Training

Employees of the Maine Department of Transportation will receive initial and periodic training and instruction on P.P.E. Training may be provided by anyone possessing sufficient knowledge or prior experience in the areas to be covered. Training may be presented in the following forms: verbally, written or visually, or any media type as needed. Content of this training shall cover at least the following areas:

-- Explanation of the hazard from which the P.P.E is meant to shield the employee. -- Proper fit and/or use.

-- Maintenance, inspection and care.

-- Emergency procedures for equipment or device failure

-- Disciplinary consequences of failure to wear and use required P.P.E.

In addition to the training described above, employees will receive through on-the-job training for any task(s) which incorporates the use of P.P.E as the only acceptable means of accomplishing job duties.

The Appendices and Attachments listed below are included in this Administrative Policy Memorandum. Additional appendices and attachments will be published as necessary.

Appendix A - Hard Hats

Attachment A-1- Hard Hat Exceptions

Appendix B - Safety Vests

Appendix C – Eye and Face Protection

Appendix D – Leg Protection

Appendix E – Safety Footwear

Appendix F – Hand Protection

APPENDIX A

Subject: Hard Hats

Hard hats will be worn by all departmental employees while performing work activities outlined below

1. Highway maintenance activities

2. Bridge maintenance activities

3. Maintenance of traffic control devices activities 4. Construction loading and unloading activities

5. Activities in and around overhead equipment or objects as designated by the Division Head or supervisor

6. Equipment maintenance areas as designated by the Division Head or supervisor

7. Building construction or maintenance as designated by the Division Head or supervisor

8. Private areas designated by owner or operator as "Hard Hat" areas.

9. Highway and bridge construction inspection activities.

The only exceptions to the above policy will be those approved in writing concurrently by the Director, DOT Health and Safety and the respective Bureau Director. Each exception will be distributed as an attachment to APM 410 and will be consistent statewide for the Division or Divisions for which the exception is approved.

APPENDIX A-1

Subject: Hard Hat Exceptions

Employees may wear MDOT furnished high visibility caps in lieu of all hard hats in the following circumstances:

A. While involved in pre-construction activities where equipment and/or machinery are not in use;

B. While performing any field traffic data collection activity such as: turning movement counts, origin and destination surveys and speed monitoring surveys that are not in a work zone.

C. While painting equipment or buildings where equipment and /or machinery is not in use.

D. In the performance of litter pick-up.

APPENDIX B

Subject: Safety Vests High visibility reflectorized safety vests will be worn by all departmental employees whenever they are exposed to vehicular traffic. Vests must be worn as the outermost garment and not be obscured by other clothing.

APPENDIX C

Subject: Eye and Face Protection

The purpose of this Appendix is to reduce the chance of eye and face injuries sustained by Department of Transportation employees, contractors, its visitors and guests while in areas under our authority.

Sections Outlined:

1. Affected personnel and Areas defined.

2. Activities covered under this policy

3. Selection of equipment

4. Compliance

5. Summary

Section 1. Affected Personnel and Areas defined.

This Appendix covers any person(s) who may be working, visiting or transiting in any area operated and/or controlled by the Department and who are either involved in or in proximity to a process or work that has the potential for eye or face injury.

To Include: Any working bay, lab, shop, storage or stock area, job or work zone, yard area, bridges, barges, boats, piers, platforms and any other work site where hazards to the eye and face are present.

Areas Excluded: Lavatories (except for custodians while engaging in their duties), lunchrooms, office areas, parking areas used for public and employee parking, while operating equipment (in an totally enclosed compartment or cab) and inside of motor vehicles.

Section 2. Activities Covered & Protection Necessary Any work activity or task that has an identified or potential hazard which could result in eye or face injuries. These activities may include but are not limited to;

a. Transiting working areas -- Safety Glasses

b. Grinding, chipping and sanding -- Safety glasses and face shield

c. Welding, brazing, cutting -- Safety glasses and appropriate welding hood or shaded face shield

d. General shop maintenance -- Safety glasses (minimum)

e. Machining, drilling -- Safety glasses and face shield

f. Steam cleaning, pressure washing and culvert thawing -- Safety glasses and face shield

g. Working with woodworking tools -- Safety glasses (minimum)

h. Parts washing -- Safety glasses or goggles and face shield

i. Overhead work -- Safety glasses or goggles (minimum)

j. Operating equipment with open operator compartments and cabs -- Safety glasses (minimum)

k. Using jackhammers -- Safety glasses (minimum)

l. Operating chain saws -- Safety glasses and face shield

m. Working with chemicals -- Goggles (splash proof) and face shield

n. Custodial work (lavatories and rest areas) -- Safety glasses or goggles

o. Yard work (mowing lawns) -- Safety glasses (minimum)

Note: This list of tasks is to be used as a guide only. Supervisors and employees must review all tasks prior to commencing work and select appropriate levels of protection.

Safety glasses can be regular, over the glasses type (OTG) or Prescription eye wear, with side shields (detachable or fixed), meeting the ANSI Z87.1 standard. Face shields when required are in-addition to safety glasses or goggles and are not to be used alone as safety eye wear.

Section 3. Selection of equipment Selection of equipment is based on the hazards present; Section 2 lists equipment required for selected tasks only. For additional help in deciding what PPE is needed for the task: a. Review job hazard assessments (JSA), maintenance manuals and product Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS). b. Read the safety products information sheet to insure that it meets the requirements of the task or application.

c. Contact supervisors or designated Safety Coordinators.

Section 4. Compliance

Any employee covered under this policy shall, while in working status, wear protective eye and face wear as described herein. Failure to wear prescribed protective eye and face wear may result in disciplinary action.

Section 5. Summary

This appendix was established to eliminate or reduce eye injuries, for this program to succeed we must: Continue to identify and engineer out potential hazards, make remaining hazards known to all employees, select and wear the appropriate protective eye wear and train employees on use and care of protective eye wear.

APPENDIX D

Subject: Leg Protection

Leg protection, such as long pants, shall be worn by all Departmental personnel when engaged in work activities that may result in exposure to hazards such as:

1. Sun Burn

2. Abrasion

3. Insect bites (Lyme Disease) 4. Poison Ivy

5. Hazardous materials and chemicals

APPENDIX E

Subject: Safety Footwear

Safety Footwear meeting ANZI Standard Z41.1-1991 and Maine Department of Transportation APM 413 shall be worn by departmental employees while performing all work activities listed below.

1. Highway maintenance activities.

2. Bridge maintenance activities.

3. Maintenance of traffic control devices.

4. Construction loading and unloading activities.

5. Highway, Bridge and Multimodal construction activities.

6. Equipment maintenance activities.

7. Building construction and maintenance activities.

8. Highway and Bridge construction inspection activities.

9. Labs in which materials being handled pose a danger of foot injury.

10. Any other working area where there is a danger of foot injuries due to falling or rolling objects, or objects piercing the sole.

APPENDIX F

Subject: Hand Protection

Hand Protection will be worn by all employees when their hands are exposed to hazards such as those from skin absorption of harmful substances; severe cuts or lacerations; severe abrasions; punctures; chemical burns; thermal burns; and harmful temperature extremes. State of Maine Department of Transportation

Administrative Policy Memorandum #413 April 5, 2006 Supersedes APM dated March 12, 1992

TO: All employees

SUBJECT: Safety and Ergonomic Footwear Program

I. Purpose

The purpose of the Safety and Ergonomic Footwear Program is to ensure that MaineDOT workers are protected against on-the-job foot and footwear-related ergonomic injuries, and to recognize that new technologies and materials have led to the development of safety footwear designed for specific job tasks, weather conditions, and seasons.

II. Responsibility

A. The Office of Human Resources and the Office of Safety are responsible for administering the Department’s “Safety and Ergonomic Footwear Program” in order to ensure compliance with the provisions of the current Operations, Maintenance and Support Services, and the Supervisory Services bargaining units’ agreements between the State of Maine and the MSEA.

Specifically, the Office of Human Resources and/or the Office of Safety are responsible for:

1. Reviewing all currently applicable standards to ensure that this program meets all state and federal rules and regulations;

2. Developing, through consultation with MaineDOT personnel and others, any amendment of this policy; and

3. Reviewing eligibility for the safety and/or ergonomic footwear allowance for new employees and initiating authorization for payments of the allowances as they come due.

B. Bureau/Office Directors, and all supervisory personnel are responsible for ensuring compliance with the provisions of this policy; identifying problems associated with the application of the policy; notifying the Director of the Office of Safety of problems, and/or recommendations for improvements of this program; and ensuring that all employees in the job classifications listed in “Attachment A” or those performing work activities listed in APM 410, appendix E while in work status, are wearing safety footwear that meets the criteria described in Section IIIB of this policy.

C. Employees in job classifications listed in “Attachment A” or performing work activities listed in APM 410, appendix E are responsible, while in work status, to wear safety footwear suitable for their specific job tasks and the weather conditions in which they are performing the tasks.

III. Operational policy for safety footwear

A. The provisions of this policy apply to MaineDOT employees in job classes listed in “Attachment A, Safety Footwear Program” and those performing work activities listed in APM 410, appendix E.

B. Safety footwear will be of safe design and construction, and will meet the following criteria:

1. Construction:

a. Safety footwear will be constructed of material that will provide comfort and support appropriate for the work to be performed and protection from potential foot injury from the work environment.

2. Toe protection:

a. Safety footwear will meet current applicable ANSI standards for toe protection.

3. Ankle protection and support:

a. Safety footwear will be built high enough to completely cover the ankle bone and will be fastened at least to the top of the ankle bone.

b. Classifications are exempt from the above-described ankle protection when there is not a potential of exposure. Examples could be but are not limited to those listed below:

1. Bridge Maintenance Manager 2. Building Maintenance Supervisor 3. Equipment Superintendent 4. Mechanical Stores Clerk Supervisor 5. Highway District Supervisor 6. Highway Maintenance Superintendent

Bureau/Office Directors, with the concurrence of the Office of Safety, may exempt other classifications from this requirement for certain exceptional circumstances. 4. Slip and fall protection:

Safety footwear will have adequate tread to prevent slips and falls and/or will have soles and heels specified as non-slip.

5. Condition and serviceability:

Safety footwear must be repaired and replaced when deteriorated or worn beyond reasonable standards of protection.

C. Employees listed in “Attachment A” and those performing work activities listed in APM 410, appendix E must ensure that safety footwear meets all the requirements of Section IIIB.

IV. Operational policy for ergonomic footwear

A. The provisions of this section of the policy apply to workers required to stand for more than 4 hours during an assigned work day.

1. Ergonomic footwear will be of safe design and construction and will meet the following criteria:

a. Ergonomic footwear will be constructed of material that will provide appropriate comfort and support as well as cushioning from potential foot, knee, back, and hip injuries from the flooring in the work environment.

2. Reimbursement for ergonomic footwear:

a. Employees meeting ergonomic footwear criteria will be eligible for the footwear allowance as described in Section VI.

V. Failure to wear safety or ergonomic footwear or other foot protection as required, while in work status, will result in disciplinary action, in accordance with the provisions of the appropriate collective bargaining agreements, personnel rules and regulations, and as set forth in this policy.

On the first occurrence, an employee who reports for duty without safety footwear which complies with this policy, will be advised by the supervisor of the requirement to wear safety footwear. The supervisor will allow the employee a reasonable period of time to obtain approved footwear. Any absence from the work site needed to accomplish this is to be without pay. The employee will also be subject to appropriate disciplinary action for repeated violations

VI. Employee footwear expense and footwear allowance: A. Each employee in the classes listed in “Attachment A, Safety Footwear Program”, those performing work activities listed in APM 410, appendix E, and/or those qualifying for ergonomic footwear will be responsible for obtaining appropriate safety or ergonomic footwear .

1. Each probationary employee, seasonal employee or employee promoted to an eligible class must, as a condition of employment, acquire and wear approved safety footwear when in work status, starting on the first day of employment.

B. In accordance with the agreement between the State and the MSEA, employees listed in “Attachment A” are eligible for a footwear allowance after completing probation, and at set intervals thereafter. Employees meeting the criteria for ergonomic footwear will also be eligible for allowances issued at set intervals. The allowance provided by the State is not intended to cover the complete costs of all the safety footwear that the employee will need.

1. Payment dates for the allowance are not affected by promotion between two eligible classes.

2. Seasonal employees will be issued a one time footwear allowance during their first season and cover them through the duration of their recurring employment.

C. Certain adjustments may be made by Bureau/Office Directors for employees not specifically mentioned in Attachment A or performing work activities listed in APM 410, appendix E. Examples could be one time allowances for clerical staff, other office staff not normally assigned to the field, or seasonal employees.

ATTACHMENT A

Safety Footwear Program Aircraft Mechanic Mechanical Stores Clerk I Airport Custodian Mechanical Stores Clerk II Mechanical Stores Clerk Supervisor Automotive Mechanic I Automotive Mechanic II Mechanical Stores Clerk Asst. Super. Auto. Mechanic Supervisor (Foreman) Fleet Services Manager Bridge Maintenance Manager Bridge Maintenance Supervisor Bridge Maintenance Apprentice Bridge Maintenance Journey Bridge Maintenance Master Sign Shop Supervisor Sign Shop Technician Sign Painter Building Maintenance Supervisor Building Custodian Stores Clerk Plumbing and Heating Technician Safety Compliance Officer Carpenter Supervisor Yard Supervisor Custodial Worker I Custodial Worker II Driver Trainer Electrician Supervisor Electrician Lineman Electrician I Electrician II Equipment Superintendent Ferry Service Able Seaman Ferry Service Assistant Port Engineer Ferry Service Engineer Ferry Service Ordinary Seaman Ferry Service Port Engineer Ferry Service Repair Technician Field Heavy Vehicle & Equipment Technician Foundation Survey Supervisor (Foreman) Heavy Equipment Operator Heavy Vehicle & Equipment Technician Assistant Superintendent Highway Crew Supervisor Highway Laborer Highway Maintenance Superintendent Highway Worker II Highway Worker Truck Driver Highway Worker Equipment Operator Highway Crew Supervisor Laborer I Laborer II Light Equipment Operator Machinist Machinist Supervisor Maintenance Mechanic Maintenance Mechanic Supervisor Marine Mechanic Specialist Transportation Aide Traffic Control Technician Engineering Technician Assistant Technician Technician Senior Technician Assistant Engineer Civil Engineer II Civil Engineer III Project Manager I Project Manager II

State of Maine

Department of Transportation

Administrative Policy Memorandum #433

March 6, 2002

To: All MDOT Employees

Subject: Confined Space Entry

I. Purpose:

This policy is intended to define procedures to protect those employees who must enter confined spaces. It is established in accordance with Occupational Safety and Health Standards for General Industry (29 CF 1910.146) and Occupational Safety and Health Standards for the Maritime Industry (29 CFR 1915.11 – 16).

II. Scope:

This policy provides requirements for hazard assessments of confined spaces and guidelines and training requirements for workers involved with confined space entry.

III. General Policy:

It is the policy of MDOT to provide a place of employment that is free from recognized hazards that cause or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm. Therefore at each MDOT facility/jobsite, confined spaces will be identified and assessed for potential hazards and, as applicable, permitted and posted with warning signs. Employees will receive training on the hazards of confined spaces and will follow the procedures for entry as outlined in this policy.

IV. Responsibility:

A. Employees at all levels are responsible for complying with this policy.

B. Division Heads whose employees work in confined spaces are responsible for assuring that those confined spaces are identified and evaluated for hazardous atmospheres and general safety hazards before employee entry.

C. Division Heads are responsible to assure that employees who must enter or work around confined spaces receive information and/or training, as necessary, on the hazards involved with confined spaces and the procedures to protect the employees from harm.

D. A "qualified person" is responsible to perform a hazardous atmospheric evaluation to assess conditions in a confined space and must sign a "Confined Space Hazard Assessment" (See Appendix A) before any employee enters a confined space. The qualified person is further responsible for employee safety during confined space entry, performance of work in the confined space and confined space exit.

V. Definitions:

1. Attendant: means an individual stationed outside a confined space who monitors the authorized entrant and performs all attendant duties assigned in the employer’s confined space program.

2. Body Harness: part of a fall protection system used to distribute the impact of a fall over a large area of the body. It has adjustable leg and shoulder straps and a D ring in the back for attaching a lifeline. It can be used to pull an unconscious or disabled employee from a confined space.

3. Confined space: a space that 1) is large enough and so configured that an employee can bodily enter and perform work; 2) has limited or restricted means of entry or exit) and 3) is not designed for continuous employee occupancy.

This definition includes but is not limited to the following; catch basin areas, bridge beam areas, pipes and culverts, paint tanks, caissons, sewage treatment facilities at rest areas, hydroseeder tanks, and any other tank, sump, vault, pit or similar space.

4. Entry Permit: a written document that is provided by the employer to allow and control entry into a permit required space.

5. Permit-Required Confined Space: a space that meets the definition of "confined space" and has one or more of the following characteristics – 1)contains or has a potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere; 2)contains a material that has the potential for engulfing an entrant; 3)has an internal configuration such that an entrant could be trapped or asphyxiated by inwardly converging walls or by a floor which slopes downward and tapers to a smaller cross-section; and/or 4)contains any other recognized safety or health hazard.

6. Qualified person: a person who has been trained to perform atmospheric testing and is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards.

VI. Specific Policy

A. Confined Space Hazards

Confined spaces present many hazards to employees due to the shape and size of the space, lack of ventilation and proximity to toxic gases and other contributing substances. Potential confined space hazards include hazardous atmospheres and general safety hazards, including but not limited to physical, structural, electrical, mechanical, biological and radiation hazards.

B. Identifying and Evaluating Confined Spaces

Each Division Head will assign qualified persons from their respective Divisions to evaluate the workplace to determine if any spaces are permit-required confined spaces. If the workplace contains permit spaces, exposed employees shall be informed, by posting danger signs or by any other equally effective means of the existence and location of and the danger posed by the permit space.

Prior to entry of any employee into a confined space, the Division Head will assign a qualified person to evaluate the confined space. The qualified person will evaluate for hazardous atmospheres, engulfment potential, internal configuration and any recognized safety or health hazards.

C. Guidelines for Workers Who Must Enter Confined Spaces

1. A qualified person must complete and sign a Confined Space Hazard Assessment before anyone enters the space.

2. Before signing the assessment, and allowing entry, the qualified person will assure that:

a. the space is evaluated for a hazardous atmosphere that may expose employees to the risk of death, incapacitation, impairment of ability to self-rescue, injury, or acute illness.

b. the space is isolated from sources of potential hazards such as pressurized hydraulic lines, energized electrical wiring, or open valves that might allow flooding. (Lockout/tagout procedures may be effective in accomplishing this.);

c. the space is ventilated, if necessary after air monitoring, and continued forced ventilation is sufficient to maintain the space safe for entry.

3. An entrant must wear a full body harness attached to a life line for rescue purposes .

4. An attendant will be present outside the confined space and will remain in constant communication with employees in the confined space and will operate the lifeline, if necessary. At no time shall an employee be left unattended in a confined space.

5. If the work to be performed within the confined space could change the atmospheric conditions, a gas monitor must be in operation at all times during entry of the space. If the alarm on the monitor sounds or any occupant begins to feel dizzy, lightheaded or nauseous, all entrants will exit the space.

6. Smoking is strictly prohibited in confined spaces.

7. Appropriate traffic control procedures will be followed when entry is within a highway right-of-way and vehicle intrusion is possible. Cones must be placed near any opening into which a pedestrian could fall.

D. Emergency Rescue

In the event an employee is injured and/or needs help, the following emergency rescue procedures will be followed:

1. The attendant will notify emergency rescue personnel and management immediately.

2. The attendant will attempt to lift the employee out of the confined space using the lifeline. In no case will the attendant enter the confined space.

3. Once the employee has been rescued, the attendant will assure that he/she is moved away from the confined space and administer First Aid/CPR as appropriate.

E. Training

All employees must receive training in the definition of and hazards involved with confined spaces.

1. Employees designated to enter confined spaces shall be trained in: Emergency entry and exit procedures

Lockout barriers at the work sites

Safety equipment use

Rescue equipment use

Confined space hazard assessment

2. Qualified persons shall be trained in:

Atmospheric testing methods

Meter calibration

Atmospheric behaviors of oxygen and combustible and toxic gases

Hazard recognition

3. Attendants shall be trained in:

Entry and exit procedures

Emergency rescue procedure

First Aid & CPR

State of Maine

Department of Transportation

CONFINED SPACE HAZARD ASSESSMENT

This assessment for (enter location): ______

Date of assessment: ______

Assessment performed by: ______1. Space function other than for human occupancy? YES ___ NO ___

2. Does space have restricted entry and exit? YES ___ NO ___

3. Are any hazardous or toxic atmosphere apparent? YES ___ NO ___

4. Does space contain sewer or gas lines? YES ___ NO ___

5. Oxygen content _____% 19.5% - 22.5%

6. CO Carbon Monoxide (Toxic Atmosphere) ___PPM Less<30 PPM

7. LEL (Explosive Vapors) _____% 0% Hot Work/

10% Cold Work

8. Other gases _____%

9. Can work space be properly vented? YES ___ NO ___

If no, why not? ______

______

10. Are mechanical or engulfment hazards present? YES ___ NO ___

If yes, list. ______

______

______

11. Have the hazards been eliminated or locked out? YES ___ NO ___

12. Special equipment needed (list)

______

______

______

______Signature of Assessor: ______

Title: ______

Administrative Policy Memorandum No.

Confined Space Entry Appendix A

MDOT CONFINED SPACE ENTRY CHECKLIST **ENTRY CHECKLIST MUST BE COMPLETED**

PREPARATION FOR ENTRY YES NO N/A

Lockout/Tagout completed? Electrical hazards removed? Area secured? Safety harness provided? Lifeline provided? Emergency escape retrieval equipment provided? Communication procedures verified? Communication equipment provided? Gas monitor calibrated? Rescue procedures verified? Confined Space Hazard Assessment complete?

SCOPE OF WORK:

CC: Division Safety Officer MDOT-3/02

MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007

Appendix

E

OPEN EXCAVATION – OSHA STANDARDS: Link

• http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table= STANDARDS&p_id=10931

SAFETY COORDINATORS:

• Region 1 - Arlo Pike (207) 557-4091 • Region 2 - Lulu Begin (207) 592-1757 • Region 3 - John Rankins (207) 592-2241 • Region 4 - Claudia Garland (207) 461-5403 • Region - 5 George Brewer (207)592-1741 • Fleet Service - Tom Markle (207) 592-1789

E-1

MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007

Appendix

F

RAILROAD TELEPHONE LIST:

• Is provided next.

F-1

Railroad Contacts & Telephone List

RAILROAD TELEPHONE LIST Revised 01/16/2007

Montreal, Maine & Atlantic Railway

Dispatcher (24/7 Operation) 1-800-432-1606 Chief Dispatcher 848-4315

Track

Hermon MOW Office 848-4200

Bob Cote-Roadmaster/South 848-4260 Cell 745-5295

Mike Quellette –Madawaska Track 631-4344

John Beals -Bridge & Building 848-4232

Safety Ken Strout- Safety 848-4254 Norma Griffiths-Safety 848-4273

Belfast & Moosehead Lake Unity 948-5500 Bob Lamontange Office 948-3003 413-7002 Eastern Maine Railway Mattawamkeag 736-4444 Brownville Jct. 965-3271 Fred McLaughlin/Roadmaster/US 736-2373

Maine Eastern Railroad

Rockland Dispatcher (8-4 pm) 596-6705 J. Shute General Manager 838-5739 Home 829-6338 Cell 557-8417

Pan Am Railways Guilford Rail System Maine Central/Boston & Maine

Radio Room (24 hour operation) North Billerica, Ma. 1-800-955-9220

District # 1 Dispatcher- Portland East to Mattawamkeag 1-800-955-9204 Administration-Track Jim Paterson VP Engineering 1-978-663-6955 J. Steiniger Chief Engineer 1-978-663-6961 1 Railroad Contacts & Telephone List

G. Thayer Project Engineer 1-978-663-6973 Richard Blanchard Eng of Track/Portland/East 1-207-873-6911 Cell 1-978-302-6679 Bridge & Building Mike Davis B&M N. Billerica, Mass 1-978-663-6958 Chris Gessman MEC Portland 828-6425

Signal/Crossings Mike Donovan MEC Portland 828-6416 Safety Gordan Reardon MEC Waterville 873- 6913

St. Lawrence & Atlantic Railroad (Genesee & Wyoming-GWI)

Dispatcher SLR Auburn 1-800-848-4408 Ext. 18

Ray Goss-General Manager Auburn 1-207-782-5680 1-207-782-5616 Ext. 217 Cell Phone 1-207-557-8053

Barry Belanger Auburn 212-1868 Cell 1-207-212-2314

2 MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007

Appendix

G

MDOTWEB Website : Link

• http://dot0dta1asora14.mdot.w2k.state.me.us:7778/freeprod/pmtsFor m.mts_main

G-1

MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007

Appendix

H

WORK ZONE DIAGRAMS:

• Are provided next.

H-1

MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007

Appendix

I

OTHER NUMBERS:

• Hazards/Waste (207) 624-3103

• Health & Safety (207) 624-3359

• DEP 1(800) 482-0777

• DIG SAFE: Call 1-888-DIGSAFE (1-888-344-7233)

I-1

MaineDOT SURVEY SAFETY MANUAL May 2007

Appendix

J

ERGONOMIC - STRECHES

• Are provided next.

J-1

Maine DOT

Stretching the Quadriceps

Front of the Thigh Stretch Hamstring Stretch Stretching the Calf Stretching Neck and Shoulders

Slow, static stretches which include dropping the head to the center, turning to each side, and placing the ear to the shoulder will safely relieve tension and tightness in the neck and shoulders. Controlled half circles also help to relieve tension. The Five Minute Stretch Stretches for the Field Stretches for Driving

Many Thanks to our Survey Safety Manual Committee Members ~

Lulu Begin Peter Belanger Joe Berry Bruce Boynton Jeff Edgecomb Jason Everett Pam Locke Deb Robbins Karen Shovelton May “2007”