Wildlife Checklist

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Mammals Make sure to keep a very safe distance White-tailed Deer from all wildlife. Animals in the wild should not be Douthat State Park Big Brown Bat bothered, only observed from a safe Little Brown Bat distance. Black Bear Report any unusual animal Wildlife Eastern Chipmunk behavior to the staff at the main office. Gray Fox Checklist Red Fox This is not an all inclusive list of life Deer Mouse at Douthat State Park. Muskrat Take only photographs. Leave Groundhog only footprints. Opossum Other species observed: Spotted Skunk __________________________________ Striped Skunk __________________________________ Gray Squirrel __________________________________ Bobcat __________________________________ Coyote __________________________________ Raccoon Beaver Douthat State Park 14239 Douthat State Park Road Millboro, Va 24460 Phone 540-862-8100 Birds Reptiles Amphibians Eastern Bluebird Turtles, snakes and lizards are reptiles. Reptiles are Frogs, toads and salamanders are amphibians. characterized by dry scaly skin and clawed feet. Amphibians are characterized by moist, smooth Northern Cardinal Unlike amphibians, they do not have a dependence skin and no claws. They typically depend on on water for their lifecycle. moisture for the completion of their lifecycle as Carolina Chickadee well as survival. Most can be found in damp places such as creek or lake edges. American Crow Broad-headed Skink Red-spotted Newt Whip-poor-will Northern Fence Lizard Mountain Dusky Common Five-lined Skink Great Blue Heron Salamander Wood Duck Eastern Painted Turtle Northern Spring Salamander Turkey Vulture Box Turtle Northern Red Salamander Red-tailed Hawk Snapping Turtle Northern Slimy Salamander American Kestrel Wormsnake Northern Red-backed Salamander Northern Flicker Cornsnake Seal Salamander Wild Turkey Eastern Hog-nosed Snake Jefferson Salamander Red-winged Blackbird Rough Greensnake Spotted Salamander Eastern Screech Owl Queen Snake Pickerel Frog Great Horned Owl Northern Watersnake Green Frog Ruby-throated Hummingbird Milksnake Wood Frog Pileated Woodpecker Eastern Ratsnake American Bullfrog American Goldfinch Northern Black Racer Spring Peeper Baltimore Oriole Eastern Gartersnake Grey Tree Frog Blue Jay Northern Ring-necked Snake Upland Chorus Frog Carolina Wren Northern Copperhead** American Toad House Sparrow Timber Rattlesnake** Fowler’s Toad **venomous species Mourning Dove .

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Guidance for Conserving Oregon's Native Turtles Including Best Management Practices
GUIDANCE FOR CONSERVING OREGON’S NATIVE TURTLES INCLUDING BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES the OREGON CONSERVATION STRATEGY the intent of this document is to facilitate better protection and conservation of oregon’s native turtles and their habitats. This document includes recommended Best Management Practices (BMPs) for protecting and conserving Oregon’s two native turtle species, the western painted turtle and the western pond turtle. While there are opportunities for all Oregonians to become more knowledgeable about and participate in turtle conservation efforts, this document is intended primarily for use by natural resource and land managers, land use planners, and project managers. The document has been peer-reviewed and the BMPs are supported by scientifically sound information. The BMPs are intended to be practical and cost-effective so that they can be readily used. Adherence to these BMPs does not necessarily constitute compliance with all applicable federal, state, or local laws. Acknowledgements This document was produced by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) with significant financial and design contributions from The Port of Portland. Input and technical review was provided by the Oregon Native Turtle Working Group which is comprised of representatives from a variety of natural resource agencies, organizations, and institutions. This document arose out of a recommendation from the 2009 Native Turtle Conservation Forum, organized by the Oregon Native Turtle Working Group and hosted by the Oregon Zoo. More information
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DECEMBEROCTOBER 20172018 Bullfrogs - a Trojan horse for a deadly fungus? Authors: Susan Crow, Meghan Pawlowski, Manyowa Meki, LaraAuthors: LaDage, Timothy Roth II, Cynthia Downs, BarryTiffany Sinervo Yap, Michelleand Vladimir Koo, Pravosudov Richard Ambrose and Vance T. Vredenburg AssociateAssociate EEditors:ditors: LindseySeda Dawson, Hall and Gogi Gogi Kalka Kalka Abstract Did you know that amphibians have very special skin? They have helped spread Bd. Bullfrogs don’t show signs of sickness use their skin to breathe and drink water. But a skin-eating when they are infected, which makes them Bd vectors. This fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), is killing them. is alarming because they are traded alive globally and could Since the 1970s, over 200 species of amphibians have declined continue spreading Bd to amphibians around the world. Here, or gone extinct. Amphibians in the eastern US seem to be we analyzed the history of bullfrogs and Bd in the western US. unaffected by Bd, but Bd outbreaks have caused mass die- We found a link between bullfrogs’ arrival and Bd outbreaks. offs in the western US. A frog species native to the eastern Then we predicted areas with high disease risk. These results US, American bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) (Figure 1), may can help us control the spread of Bd and save amphibians. Introduction Many amphibians, such as frogs and salamanders, live both on land and in water for some or all of their lives. Most need water specifically for reproduction and laying eggs. This makes them vulnerable to aquatic pathogens, such as the deadly fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd for short) (Figure 2a).
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2009 Amphibian Surveys
Amphibians in the City Presence, Influential Factors, and Recommendations in Portland, OR Katie Holzer City of Portland Bureau of Parks and Recreation Bureau of Environmental Services August 2009 Introduction Background We are currently in the midst of the largest extinction of species on Earth in 65 million years (Myers & Knoll 2001, Baillie et al. 2004). Although this crisis is affecting nearly all taxa, amphibians are being hit particularly strongly, as one in three amphibian species are threatened with extinction (Pounds et al. 2006). Amphibians comprise frogs, salamanders, and caecilians, but in the Pacific Northwest of the United States we have only frogs and salamanders. There are some unique amphibian characteristics that are likely contributing to their rapid decline: 1) Amphibians have moist, permeable skin that makes them sensitive to pollution and prone to drying out (Smith & Moran 1930). 2) Many amphibians require multiple specific habitats such as ponds for egg laying and forests for the summer dry months. These habitats must be individually suitable for amphibians as well as connected to each other for populations to be successful (Bowne & Bowers 2004). 3) Many amphibians exhibit strong site fidelity where they will attempt to return to the same area again and again, even if the area is degraded and/or new areas are constructed (Stumpel & Voet 1998). 4) Chytridiomycota is a fungus that is transmitted by water and is rapidly sweeping across the globe taking a large toll on amphibians (Retallick et al., 2004). The fungus infects the skin of amphibians and has recently arrived in the Pacific Northwest. All of these factors are contributing to the sharp decline of amphibian populations around the world.
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AMPHIBIANS Please Remember That All Plants and Animals Nature Lover’S Paradise
Please help us protect our Hampton, VA Natural Resources Welcome to Hampton’s City Parks. The City of Hampton is located in what is Hampton City Park’s called the Peninsula area of the Coastal Plain region of the State of Virginia. The forests, fields, rivers, marshes, and grasslands are a AMPHIBIANS Please remember that all plants and animals nature lover’s paradise. found in Hampton’s City Parks are protect- During your visit to any of Hampton’s out- ed by law. It is illegal to molest, injure, or standing city parks, we hope you have the opportunity to observe our many and diverse remove any wildlife including their nests, species of fauna and flora. eggs, or young. It is also illegal to remove, cut, damage, or destroy any plants (including plant parts) found in the park. Help us conserve YOUR natural resources. Green Frog "Enjoy Hampton's Natural Areas" Chorus Frog Tadpole For more information… If you have any questions regarding this brochure, or if you would like more information about Hamp- ton City Parks and Recreation parks please contact us at: Hampton Parks , Recreation & Leisure Services 22 Lincoln Street Hampton, VA 23669 Tel: 757-727-6348 www.hampton.gov/parks American Bullfrog Frogs and Toads Salamanders What is an Amphibian? The typical frog (genus Rana) has a relatively While salamanders look similar to lizards, they are smooth skin and long legs for leaping. While very different. The typical salamander (many gene- Amphibians belong to the Class Amphibia. The the typical toad (genus Bufo) has a warty skin ra) has smooth or warty moist skin (not scaly) and is word “amphibious” is based on Greek words and and short legs for jumping.
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Species in Depth: American Bullfrog
SPECIES IN DEPTH American Bullfrog Bullfrog Rana catesbeiana Synonym: Lithobates catesbeianus IDENTIFICATION Coloration varies from dull green or olive to brown, with dark blotches on the back and legs. Females have a dirty white ventral surface (underbelly) and males have a yellow ventral surface. A fold of skin extends from the eye to the ear. In males, the eardrum is larger than the eye, whereas the female eardrum and eye are the same size. Bullfrog tadpoles can reach up to 15 cm in length. Adults have golden colored eyes. The male emits a loud, deep mating call that sounds like “jug a-rum.” Click here to hear a recording of the bull frog’s call: Bull Frog Call https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=M02_dnl9zCA Russ Ottens, University of Georgia, Bugwood.org Bugwood.org of Georgia, Russ Ottens, University NATIVE AND INVASIVE RANGE The bullfrog coloration varies from dull green or olive to brown, with dark blotches on the backs and Bullfrogs are native to the central and eastern U.S. legs. A characteristic feature of the bullfrog is the and southern Quebec and Ontario. Outside of the large eardrum located behind its eye. U.S., bullfrogs have also been introduced to Europe, South America, and Asia. West Coast Lithobates catesbeianus distribution This species has been introduced to Oregon, Washington, and California. Since the early 1900s, they have been introduced and spread to many areas in the western U.S. for the harvesting of frog legs and through the release of pets and school projects into the wild. Native range • Invasive range This map produced by the United States Geological Survey displays the current distribution of the bullfrog throughout the United States (USGS, July 9, 2016).
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Legal Authority Over the Use of Native Amphibians and Reptiles in the United States State of the Union
STATE OF THE UNION: Legal Authority Over the Use of Native Amphibians and Reptiles in the United States STATE OF THE UNION: Legal Authority Over the Use of Native Amphibians and Reptiles in the United States Coordinating Editors Priya Nanjappa1 and Paulette M. Conrad2 Editorial Assistants Randi Logsdon3, Cara Allen3, Brian Todd4, and Betsy Bolster3 1Association of Fish & Wildlife Agencies Washington, DC 2Nevada Department of Wildlife Las Vegas, NV 3California Department of Fish and Game Sacramento, CA 4University of California-Davis Davis, CA ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS WE THANK THE FOLLOWING PARTNERS FOR FUNDING AND IN-KIND CONTRIBUTIONS RELATED TO THE DEVELOPMENT, EDITING, AND PRODUCTION OF THIS DOCUMENT: US Fish & Wildlife Service Competitive State Wildlife Grant Program funding for “Amphibian & Reptile Conservation Need” proposal, with its five primary partner states: l Missouri Department of Conservation l Nevada Department of Wildlife l California Department of Fish and Game l Georgia Department of Natural Resources l Michigan Department of Natural Resources Association of Fish & Wildlife Agencies Missouri Conservation Heritage Foundation Arizona Game and Fish Department US Fish & Wildlife Service, International Affairs, International Wildlife Trade Program DJ Case & Associates Special thanks to Victor Young for his skill and assistance in graphic design for this document. 2009 Amphibian & Reptile Regulatory Summit Planning Team: Polly Conrad (Nevada Department of Wildlife), Gene Elms (Arizona Game and Fish Department), Mike Harris (Georgia Department of Natural Resources), Captain Linda Harrison (Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission), Priya Nanjappa (Association of Fish & Wildlife Agencies), Matt Wagner (Texas Parks and Wildlife Department), and Captain John West (since retired, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission) Nanjappa, P.
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American Bullfrog (Lithobates Catesbeianus)
American Bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) Description The scientific name for the American Bullfrog is lithobates catesbeianus. Lithobates is the Greek genus name, derived from litho- (stone) and bates (one that treads), meaning one that treads on rock, or rock climber. Catesbeianus is the Latin species name in honor of Mark Catesby, an 18th century naturalist who first published an account of the flora and fauna of North America. The frog is also known as Rana catesbeiana. The American Bullfrog is an amphibian (cold-blooded vertebrate) and a true frog. Bullfrogs are long-legged and distinguished by extensively webbed hind feet, horizontal pupils, and a bony breastbone. (Figure 1). True frogs occur on every continent except Antarctica and contain more than 600 species. Bullfrogs hatch from eggs into a tadpole, a gill-breathing larval stage, Figure 1: American Bullfrog (Figure 2) followed by a lung-breathing adult stage (Figure 1). The Jen Goellnltz, “A cousin of Kermit” Bullfrog tadpole also breathes through its skin. As they become 08/01/2008 adults, Bullfrogs lose their gills and grow lungs, but still breathe through Flickr, CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by- their skin both on land and in water. On the refuge, treefrogs, toads, nc-nd/4.0/ salamanders and rough-skinned newts are the Bullfrog’s closest relatives. The American Bullfrog is an invasive species to Oregon, meaning that it is not native to Oregon. An invasive species often overwhelms the environment it spreads to, frequently causing great harm to the environment and native species. Bullfrogs are the largest frog in North American and can reach a body length of 6 to 8 inches.
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The North American Bullfrog Information Sheet
The North American Bullfrog Information Sheet Where do North American bullfrogs live? The North American Bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) is an aquatic frog, a member of the family Ranidae, or "true frogs", native to much of North America. North American bullfrogs must live in water and are therefore usually found near some source of water, such as a lake, pond, river, or bog. Warm, still, shallow waters are preferred. Bullfrogs are becoming increasingly common in areas that have been modified by humans. Increased water temperatures and increased aquatic vegetation, which are common factors of lakes polluted by humans, favor bullfrogs by providing suitable habitats for growth, reproduction, and escape from predators. On rainy nights, bullfrogs along with many other amphibians, go overland and may be seen in numbers on country roads. North American bullfrogs live longer in warm weather. It is known that bullfrogs were introduced to areas of California and Colorado in the early 1900's. The species has also been introduced (accidentally or on purpose) into southern Europe, South America, and Asia. How do North American bullfrogs have mate? Fertilization is external in bullfrogs. In the mating grasp, or amplexus, the male rides on top of the female, grasping her with his forelimbs posterior to her forelimbs. The female bullfrog deposits her eggs in the water and the male simultaneously releases sperm. Breeding begins in late spring or early summer. How did the North American bullfrog get its name? Males defend and call from territories, attracting females into a territory to mate. The call is reminiscent of the roar of a bull, hence the frog's common name.
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Comprehensive Conservation Plan for the Lee Metcalf National Wildlife
Appendix G Species Lists This appendix contains the common and scientific names of animals and plants that have been recorded on Lee Metcalf National Wildlife Refuge or the surrounding Bitterroot Valley. The animal and plant lists are from ref uge wildlife surveys, annual narratives (USFWS 1988–93), and the 2009 Lee Metcalf Refuge Bioblitz. Species of concern were determined from global, Federal, and State of Montana listings (Montana Natural Heritage Program 2012). In the tables below, the asterisk (*) denotes a Montana Species of Concern, and the dagger (†) denotes a species that is on the Montana Noxious Weed List (September 2011) and high priority for treatment. CLASS AMPHIBIA Common name Scientific name Frogs American bullfrog Rana catesbeiana Columbia spotted frog Rana luteiventris Toads and Salamanders Boreal toad* Bufo boreas* Long-toed salamander Ambystoma macrodactylum CLASS REPTILIA Common name Scientific name Snakes Common garter snake Thamnophis sirtalis Terrestrial garter snake Thamnophis elegans Rubber boa Charina bottae Eastern racer Coluber constrictor Western rattlesnake Crotalus viridis Gopher snake Pituophis catenifer Turtles Painted turtle Chrysemys picta CLASS AVES Common name Scientific name Swans, Geese, and Ducks Snow goose Chen caerulescens Ross’s goose Chen rossii Greater white-fronted goose Anser albifrons Canada goose Branta canadensis Trumpeter swan* Cygnus buccinator* Tundra swan Cygnus columbianus Wood duck Aix sponsa Gadwall Anas strepara American wigeon Anas americana 170 Comprehensive Conservation Plan,
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