DOCSLIB.ORG

Technological Processes

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Technological Processes Technological Processes S.C. Roşia Montană Gold Corporation S.A. – EIA Report Chapter 2 Technological Processes Contents 1 Introduction 9 2 General Project Description ............................................................................10 2.1 Extraction Technology .............................................................................10 2.1.1 Open Pit Design 10 2.2 Processing Technology............................................................................10 2.3 Aqueous System Treatment ....................................................................11 2.3.1 Treatment of water containing cyanide 11 2.3.2 Acid Rock Drainage Treatment 13 2.4 Tailings Management Facility– TMF ........................................................15 2.4.1 TMF Functions. Class and Category of Importance. Technological Parameters 15 2.4.1.1 TMF Functions. 15 2.4.1.2 Class and Category of Importance 15 2.4.1.3 Technological Parameters 15 2.4.2 TMF Components and Staged Construction Characteristics 16 2.4.2.1 Tailings Management Facility 16 3 Construction Phase.........................................................................................21 3.1 Processes, Operations, Activities ............................................................21 3.1.1 Site Preparation 21 3.1.2 Preparatory Works 22 3.1.3 Development of quarries for construction materials (La Piriul Porcului Sandstone Quarry; Sulei Andesite Quarry) 25 3.1.4 Waste Rock and Low-grade Ore Stockpiles 25 3.1.5 Tailings Impoundment 26 3.1.5.1 TMF Site Characteristics 26 3.1.5.2 TMF Design 32 3.1.5.3 Dam Stability 38 3.1.6 Power Lines and Electrical Substations 42 3.1.7 Road Construction 42 3.1.8 Construction of the process plant and ancillary facilities 43 3.1.9 Fresh Water Supply System 45 3.1.10 Temporary Hazardous Waste Storage Facility 45 3.2 Equipment, Material, Utilities, Access Roads, Workforce Requirement...45 3.2.1 Materials and Equipment 45 3.2.2 Facilities – Temporary Constructions: 48 3.2.3 Utility services - temporary facilities 48 3.2.3.1 Temporary Water Supply and Distribution: 48 3.2.3.2 Temporary Power: 48 3.2.4 Access Roads 49 3.2.5 Workforce 49 3.3 Pollution Sources .....................................................................................49 3.3.1 Emissions 49 3.3.1.1 Atmospheric emissions 49 3.3.1.2 Sources of Emissions to Water 50 3.3.1.3 Pollutant Emissions on SOIL/SUBSOIL 51 3.3.2 Noise and Vibration 51 3.4 Waste.......................................................................................................52 4 Operation Phase .............................................................................................54 4.1 Operations ...............................................................................................54 4.1.1 Ore Extraction Operations 54 4.1.1.1 Preparatory Works 54 4.1.1.2 Mining Works 55 4.1.1.3 Waste Rock Stockpiling 58 4.1.1.4 Mine Dewatering 59 4.1.2 Ore Processing 59 4.1.2.1 Ore Processing Technology 59 4.1.2.2 Main Technological Processes 62 ii S.C. Roşia Montană Gold Corporation S.A. – EIA Report Chapter 2 Technological Processes 4.1.2.3 End Products and By-products 75 4.1.2.4 Process Tailings 75 4.1.3 Industrial Wastewater Treatment 76 4.1.3.1 Cyanide Aqueous System Treatment 76 4.1.3.2 Treatment of Aqueous System with Cyanide Content - Roşia Montană Project 83 4.1.3.3 ARD Treatment 99 Cyanide Balance ....................................................................................................115 4.1.4 Tailings Management Facility - TMF 119 4.1.4.1 TMF Operation 119 4.1.4.2 TMF Preparation for Operation 119 4.1.4.3 TMF Start-up Procedures 119 4.1.4.4 Normal Operating Procedures 120 4.1.4.5 Slurry Pumping and Piping System Tailings Deposition and Dam Raise 121 4.1.4.6 Process Water, Precipitation and Upstream Flood Management 121 4.1.4.7 Management of TMF Seepage 124 4.1.4.8 Geochemistry of Tailings deposited in the TMF 124 4.1.5 Auxiliary processes 134 4.1.5.1 Lime management (storage, preparation, use) 134 4.1.5.2 Reagent Management (storage, preparation, use) 135 4.1.5.3 Thermal plant 137 4.1.5.4 Emergency electrical power generator 137 4.1.5.5 Fuel Storage Facility 137 4.1.5.6 Compressed Air 137 4.1.5.7 Oxygen plant 138 4.1.5.8 Control Systems 138 4.2 Equipment and material needs, facilities, services, access roads, workforce 139 4.2.1 Equipment needs 139 4.2.1.1 Equipment needs – mining operations 139 4.2.2 Material requirements 144 4.2.2.1 Ore Mining 144 4.2.3 Facilities (buildings, laboratories, storage areas) 145 4.2.3.1 Gate house 145 4.2.3.2 Administration building 145 4.2.3.3 Crib room and laboratory 145 4.2.3.4 Plant storage facility and workshop 145 4.2.3.5 Crib room and mine workshop 145 4.2.3.6 Vehicle washing station 145 4.2.3.7 Explosives magazine and ANFO silos 145 4.2.3.8 Communication and Information Technology 145 4.2.3.9 Site Security 146 4.2.3.10 Fire Protection 146 4.2.4 Services 147 4.2.4.1 Water supply 147 4.2.4.2 Fresh Water Supply 147 4.2.4.3 Drinking Water 147 4.2.4.4 Industrial water 148 4.2.4.5 Domestic wastewater 149 4.2.4.6 Wastewater management 149 4.2.5 Electricity 156 4.2.6 Access Roads 156 4.2.7 Workforce 157 4.3 Pollution Sources ...................................................................................157 4.3.1 Emissions 157 4.3.1.1 Atmospheric emissions 157 4.3.1.2 Water Pollutant Emissions 164 4.3.1.3 Pollutant Emissions on SOIL/SUBSOIL 165 4.3.1.4 Noise and Vibration 166 4.3.2 Waste 167 4.3.3 Rehabilitation measures in the event of temporary suspension of operations 167 4.3.3.1 Tailings Management Facility (TMF) 168 4.3.3.2 Waste Rock Stockpiles 168 4.3.3.3 Open Pits 169 4.3.3.4 Cetate Water Catchment Dam and Pond 169 4.3.3.5 Wastewater Treatment 169 iii S.C. Roşia Montană Gold Corporation S.A. – EIA Report Chapter 2 Technological Processes 4.3.3.6 Sludge Management 169 4.3.3.7 Miscellaneous Facilities 169 4.3.3.8 Site Water Management 169 5 Closure Phase...............................................................................................170 5.1 Activities.................................................................................................170 5.1.1 General approach 170 5.1.2 Closure of mining operations 171 5.1.3 Closure of processing activity 173 5.1.3.1 General Considerations 173 5.1.3.2 Decommissioning of crushed ore stockpiling area 175 5.1.3.3 Decommissioning of milling, classification and gravitational concentration plant 176 5.1.3.4 Decommissioning of Carbon-in Leach, carbon stripping, electrowinning and smelting plants 177 5.1.3.5 Decommissioning of reagent management area, excluding cyanide detoxification plant 178 5.1.3.6 Decommissioning of ancillary installations, buildings and industrial structures 179 5.1.3.7 Decommissioning of cyanide detoxification (DETOX) plant 179 5.1.3.8 Temporary hazardous waste storage facility decommissioning 180 5.1.4 TMF Closure 180 5.1.4.1 Assessment of water management associated with the TMF during closure and post-closure 181 5.1.4.2 TMF seepage management and semi-passive treatment during closure and post-closure [22] 182 5.1.4.3 Covering of the tailings deposited in TMF and revegetation 184 5.1.4.4 Water Management during Closure 187 5.1.5 Electricity 194 5.1.6 Access Roads 194 5.2 Equipment and material needs, facilities, services, access roads, workforce 194 5.3 Pollution Sources ...................................................................................195 5.3.1 Emissions 195 5.3.1.1 Atmospheric emissions 195 5.3.1.2 Water Pollutant Emissions 195 5.3.1.3 Pollutant Emissions on SOIL/SUBSOIL 196 5.3.1.4 Noise and Vibration 197 5.3.2 Waste 197 5.4 Revegetation..........................................................................................198 6 Use of the best available techniques (BAT) ..................................................200 6.1 Limit values for the relevant parameters achieved by application of the proposed techniques and the best available techniques......................................................200 6.2 Comparison between the best available techniques and management strategies for the major impact categories ............................................................................207 6.3 Use of the Best Available Techniques (BAT) and Best Environmental Practices (BEP) for TMF Management ................................................................................215 6.3.1 General principles of BAT regarding processing tailings are: 215 6.3.2 Management Throughout the Project Life 215 6.3.2.1 During the Design Phase 215 6.3.2.2 Environmental Baseline Studies 215 6.3.2.3 Studies for tailings characterisation 216 6.3.2.4 Studies and plans for the Tailings Management Facility (TMF) 216 6.3.2.5 TMF and associated structure design 217 6.3.2.6 TMF management and monitoring 217 6.3.3 Acid Rock Drainage Water Management - ARD 218 6.3.4 Cyanide Management 218 iv S.C. Roşia Montană Gold Corporation S.A. – EIA Report Chapter 2 Technological Processes List of Tables Table 2-1 Mine Schedule by Pit Areas Table 2-2 Mineable Reserves Table 2-3 Hydrogeologic Properties Table 2-4 Seismic Hazard Analysis Table 2-5 Summary of the engineering properties of the foundation and fill materials Table 2-6 Stability Analyses Table 2-7 Stability Analyses Table 2-8 Stability Analyses Table 2-9 Earthworks Table 2-10 Estimated material quantities Table 2-11 Material for construction of the TMF dam Table 2-12 Sequencing of waste excavations Table 2-13 Configuration and charging parameters Table 2-14 Volumes of excavated ore Table 2-15 Waste
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Alabama Mine Map Repository
    ALABAMA MINE MAP REPOSITORY DIRECTORY OF UNDERGROUND MINE MAPS STATE OF ALABAMA DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Fitzgerald Washington Commissioner INSPECTIONS DIVISION Brian J. Wittwer Acting Director ABANDONED MINE LAND PROGRAM Chuck Williams State Mine Land Reclamation Supervisor ALABAMA MINE MAP REPOSITORY DIRECTORY OF UNDERGROUND MINE MAPS By, Charles M. Whitson, PE Mining Engineer Birmingham, Alabama 2013 CONTENTS Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………. 1 Users of the Repository ………………………………………………………………. 1 Source of the Maps ……………………………………………………………………… 1 Repository Location ……………………………………………………………………… 1 Request to Readers ……………………………………………………………………… 2 Acknowledgements ……………………………………………………………………… 2 History …………………………………………………………………………………………. 2 The United States Public Land Survey System (PLSS) ……………… 4 Explanation of the Files in the Repository …………………………………. 8 Active Mines ……………………………………………………………………… 8 Abandoned Mines ……………………………………………………………… 8 Disclaimer ……………………………………………………………………………………. 10 Bibliography …………………………………………………………………………………. 11 Directory ………………………………………………………………………………………. 13 Active Underground Mines ………………………………………………… 14 Abandoned Underground Coal Mines Bibb County ……………………………………………………………. 18 Blount County …………………………………………………………. 24 Cherokee County ……………………………………………………. 27 Cullman County ………………………………………………………. 28 DeKalb County ………………………………………………………… 30 Etowah County ……………………………………………………….. 31 Fayette County ………………………………………………………. 33 Jackson County ……………………………………………………… 34 Jefferson County ……………………………………………………. 36 Lawrence
    [Show full text]
  • Canadian Rail No158 1964
    C;a:n..a )~~iin Number 158 / September 1964 GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP of railways in Canada occurs at all levels, and not the least interesting is the Pacific Great East­ ern, which is owned by the Province of British Columbi'l.. For many years, the PGE began and ended nowhere, but in 1952 and 1956, the completion of extensions linked the "nowhere" carrier with the rest of the Canadian rail network. Here, in the latter year, the inaugural train is shown arriving from North Vancouver at Squamish, the erstwhile southern terminus of the line. (See "The PGE Is A rDiffe~entr Railway" in this issue). Photograph by PETER COX. Canadian Rail Page 179 ~ontreal Streetcars 900 by R. M. Binns Class (M.S.R. Photos) By mid-December 1904 about class),- and probably on the new half of the fifty 790 class semi­ 790 class, had fo~ned the habit convertible cars were in service. of collecting fares on the plat­ Well satisfied with these cars, form at stops where only one or the first to have transverse two passeng ers got on. seats, - Montre al ~tre d t Hailway Co. was authorized by its 80ard The "Pay-as-You-~nter" me­ of Directors to build twenty-five thod had been tried on one or two more, at a cost of $6000 each - roads in the United States, but all to be built in the Company's without success. It was clear shops. Ten cars were to be equip­ that the conventiona l car was not ped with General ~lectric Co.'s adapted to that system.
    [Show full text]
  • Rail Heritage Managed by the Department of Conservation West Coast „ Charming Creek Walkway, 1910-1958, Near Westport
    Prepared by Paul Mahoney, National Coordinator Rail Heritage managed by the Historic Heritage, Department of Conservation. Department of Conservation June 2007 The Department manages a diverse range of rail heritage sites that are becoming increasingly popular. In 2007 the Automobile Association asked over 20,000 New Zealanders to identify the '101 Must-Do’s for Kiwis' — places they most wanted to visit. Of all DOC's historic sites two rail heritage sites were the most popular; the Central Otago Rail Trail (14th) and the Karangahake Mines (42nd). Rail heritage sites are different from static museums and operating lines. They offer an adventure experience exploring remote and scenic trails, adding diversity to the overall rail heritage scene and providing further entry points to trigger peoples potential interest. DOC’s sites include an industrial railway focus; timber, gold, coal, and even lighthouses, and so preserve another category of rail heritage. The Department shares the expertise of its heritage program, such as the results of scientific research into materials conservation; stone, wood and metal. These 31 DOC sites are open to visitors: AucklandAuckland Kauri Timber Co tramline, 1925-40, Whangaparapara, Great Barrier Island. Route of bush tram 14km long. One of the most fantastic bush trams ever. Includes 11 sections of incline worked by winch and cable. Tramping skills required. WaikatoWaikato Billy Goat incline, 1922-25, Kauaeranga Valley, Coromandel Forest Park. Route of bush tram 5 km long. A section of track is re-laid. A Price rail tractor will be restored and displayed. Karangahake Rail Trail, 1905-1978, Karangahake, near Paeroa. Route of the former East Coast Main Trunk railway from Karangahake to Waikino, 7 km long.
    [Show full text]
  • Power from Coal.Pdf
    PHOTOS PROVIDED BY: AMAX Coal Industries, Inc. American Electric Power Service Corp. CONSOL, Inc. Peabody Holding Company, Inc. National Mining Association American Coal Foundation 101 Constitution Avenue NW, Suite 525 East Washington, DC 20001 202-463-9785 [email protected] www.teachcoal.org WHERE'S ALL THIS COAL COMING FROM? Take a minute to think about what you did this morning. You woke up, perhaps switched off the clock radio reached for the light switch, and went into the bathroom to wash your face, brush your teeth or take a hot shower. Did you use a hair dryer? Did you scramble an egg or toast a piece of bread for breakfast this morning? Did you play a video game or VCR? If you did any of these things, you were using electricity - a full- time energy servant that most Americans take for granted. There is something else you probably never think much about - coal. It's very likely you've never seen a piece of coal, although you may remember your grandparents talking about the coal they used to shovel into the furnace to heat their home. What's the connection? What does coal have to do with electricity? Isn't coal part of the past? Isn't electricity about as up-to-date as you can get? After all, it's electricity that allows us to watch television, use a computer, cook on the stove or in the microwave, enjoy stereo music, heat and cool our homes, read at night - all these things and dozens more that take place daily.
    [Show full text]
  • Mine Safety Technology Task Force Report May 29, 2006
    Mine Safety Technology Task Force Report May 29, 2006 Thesis Mine Safety Recommendations Report to the Director of the Office of Miners’ Health, Safety and Training By the West Virginia Mine Safety Technology Task Force As required by West Virginia Code §56-4-4 May 29, 2006 i Mine Safety Technology Task Force Report May 29, 2006 The views expressed in this document are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Office of Miners’ Health Safety and Training or the State of West Virginia. Questions concerning this report can be directed to the Mine Safety Technology Task Force’s Technical Advisor, Randall Harris, at 304-558-1425 or [email protected] i Mine Safety Technology Task Force Report May 29, 2006 ABSTRACT The Sago and Aracoma disasters and their fourteen deaths, highlighted needed improvements in equipment, capabilities and processes for mine emergency response. The resultant worldwide attention has forever shifted the public’s view of underground mine safety. With the resolve of our government leaders, operators and labor representatives, we have embarked on a mission to improve mine health and safety, thus safeguarding the miners that fuel our nation. The Mine Safety Technology Task Force was charged with the duty of investigating and evaluating options and developing guidelines geared toward protecting the lives of our miners. Special emphasis has been placed on the systems and equipment necessary to sustain those threatened by explosion, fire or other catastrophic events while attempting escape or awaiting rescue. The West Virginia Mine Safety Technology Task Force Report provides a summary of commercial availability and functional and operational capability of SCSR’s, emergency shelters, communications, and tracking along with recommendations regarding implementation, compliance and enforcement.
    [Show full text]
  • Tng 99 Spring 1983
    NARROW GAUGI RAllWAY SOCIITY Serving the narrow gauge world since 1951 SECRETARY M. Portsmouth, 15 Ham View, Upton-on-Severn, Wares. WR8 OGE MEMBERSHIP SECRETARY P.A.Slater, The Hole in the Wall, Bradley, Ashbourne, Derbys. TREASURER J.H.Steele, 32 Thistley Hough, Penkhull, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 SHU The Society was founded in 1951 to encourage interest in all forms of narrow gauge rail transport. Members interests cover every aspect of the construction, operation, history and modelling of narrow gauge railways throughout the world. Society members receive this magazine and Narrow Gauge News, a bi-monthly review of current events on the narrow gauge scene. An extensive library, locomotive records, and modelling information service are available to members. Meetings and visits are arranged by local areas based in Leeds, Leicester, London, Malvern, Stoke-on-Trent and Warrington. Annual subscription currently £6.00, due 1st April. THI NARROW GAUGI ISSN 0142-5587 EDITOR : M. Swift, 47 Birchington Avenue, Birchencliffe, Huddersfield, HD3 3RD BACK NUMBER SALES : A. Neale. 7 Vinery Road, Leeds. LS4 2LB Published quarterly by the Narrow Gauge Railway Society to record the history and development of narrow gauge rail transport. Our intention is to present a balanced, well illustrated publication, and the Editor welcomes original articles. photographs and drawings for consideration. Articles should preferably be written or typed with double spacing on one side of the paper only. The Editor appreciates a stamped addressed envelope if a reply is required. A range of back numbers, and binders for eight issues are available from the address above. Copyright of all material in this magazine remains vested in the authors and publisher.
    [Show full text]
  • Proposed Qr National Train Support Facility Hexham
    STATEMENT OF HERITAGE IMPACT Proposed QR National Train Support Facility, Hexham NSW STATEMENT OF HERITAGE IMPACT PROPOSED QR NATIONAL TRAIN SUPPORT FACILITY HEXHAM NSW AUGUST 2012 Prepared by EJE Heritage, August 2012 7706-SOHI-003 Page 1 STATEMENT OF HERITAGE IMPACT Proposed QR National Train Support Facility, Hexham NSW TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................. 3 1.1 METHODOLOGY ...................................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 HERITAGE LISTINGS ............................................................................................................................... 3 1.3 SITE IDENTIFICATION ............................................................................................................................. 4 1.4 CONSTRAINTS AND LIMITATIONS ......................................................................................................... 5 1.5 ABBREVIATIONS ...................................................................................................................................... 5 2. EUROPEAN HISTORY OF THE SITE ................................................................................................................. 6 2.1 OVERVIEW ..............................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The World Bank
    Documcnt of The World Bank FOR OMCAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized Report No. 8820 PROJECTCOMPLETION REPORT REPUBLICOF INDONESIA Public Disclosure Authorized COALMINING ANDTRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING PROJECT (LOANS-9-IND) AND BUKIT ASAMCOAL MINING DEVELOPMENTAND TRANSPORTATION PROJECT (LOAN2079-IND) JUNE 25, 1990 Public Disclosure Authorized Energy Division TechnicalDepartment Public Disclosure Authorized Asia RegionalOffice This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in theperformance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorizton. LIST OF AioBREVIATIONS BACOMDAT Bukit Asam Coal Mining Development and Transportation GOI Government of Indonesia IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development IDC Interest During Construction MAP Maximum Austerity Program PCR Project Completion Report FOR OMCIALUSE ONLY THEWORLD SANK Washington.DC 20433 U.SA Ohke di OwtwmGowat awm vluit June 25, 1990 MEMORANDUM TO THE EXECUTIVEDIRECTO0t AND THE PRESIDENT SUBJECT: Project Completion Report on Indonesia Coal Mining and TransportationEngineering Project and Bukit Asam Coal Mining Development and TransportationProject (Loans S-9 and 2079-IND) Attached, for information,is a copy of a report entitled "Project Completion Report on Indonesia - Coal dining and Transportation Engineering Project (Loan S-9-IND) and Bukit Asam Coal Mining Developmentand Transportation Project (Loan 2079-IND)" prepared by the Asia Regional Office with Part II of the report contributedby the Borrower. No audit of this project has been made by the Operations Evaluation Department at this time. Attachment This document hu a resuicted distribution and may be used by reciintu only in the petformance of their officialduties. Its contenu may not otherwise be disclosedwithout World Bank authoriruion.
    [Show full text]
  • Facts About Coal and Minerals Contents
    FACTS ABOUT COAL AND MINERALS CONTENTS Facts About Coal and Minerals I. Overview ........................................3 2. Mining and the Economy ..........................4 3. Resources .......................................6 What are coal and minerals? ....................6 What are reserves and resources? ...............7 Selected tables and trivia .......................8 4. Production and Preparation .......................11 The process of mining ..........................11 Major mined products from your state ..........13 Mining methods ..............................15 Preparation ...................................16 5. Coal and Mineral Use ............................17 6. Mining’s Workforce .............................21 7. Mining and the Environment ......................23 8. Transportation ..................................27 9. Exports and Trade ...............................30 10. Glossary ........................................33 © 2020, National Mining Association For more information, visit www.nma.org. 1 Haul trucks used in surface mining can hold more than 400 tons of ore. 2 OVERVIEW | How has mining touched your life today? Think of your everyday life…. Do you drive or bike to work or school? The iron ore, bauxite, copper, platinum and other minerals used in the manufacture of cars and bicycles are products of mining. Do you use a computer? Did you know it takes as many as 66 minerals to make the screen, case, chips, circuitry and battery? And it is likely that nearly half the electricity you used today was generated by coal and uranium, both products of mining. We are surrounded by these raw materials — minerals and coal — that make nearly everything possible in our daily lives. But we often take them for granted because Did they are everywhere in our lives, even when we don’t see you them. They keep our lights on, provide essential building blocks for manufacturing and provide materials vital to know? advanced technologies we all depend on.
    [Show full text]
  • The International COLLIERIES STUDY
    Occasional Papers for the World Heritage Convention The International COLLIERIES STUDY A Joint Publication of ICOMOS (International Council on Monuments and Sites) and TICCIH (The International Committee for the Conservation of the Industrial Heritage) By Stephen Hughes (Head of Survey, Royal Commission on the Ancient & Historical Monuments of Wales – RCAHMW) Published on behalf of ICOMOS and TICCIH by International Council on Monuments and Sites 49–51 Rue de la Fédération F-75015 Paris France Telephone +33 1 45 67 67 70 Fax +33 1 45 66 06 22 e-mail [email protected] © ICOMOS and TICCIH 2002 2 Contents 1 Introduction 4 2 The definition of a colliery 5 3 Possible categories of World Heritage colliery 5 4 General introduction to coal-mining history 6 5 Evaluation criteria for the study 8 6 Areas and values of significance within the colliery heritage criteria 10 7 Definition of the functional elements of a colliery and their evolution 12 8 Technical transfer or indigenous development 16 9 The criteria applied to major sites and monuments 20 10 The originators of the International Collieries List 27 11 Notes and references 29 12 Illustrations 31 3 1 INTRODUCTION HIS IS THE MOST recent in a series of industry studies prepared for the World Heritage TSecretariat of ICOMOS on behalf of TICCIH as part of the Global Strategy for the 1972 UNESCO World Heritage Convention, examining areas of the international heritage considered to be under-represented on the World Heritage List. It is not a list of the international collieries deemed to be most worthy of inscription on the World Heritage List: such examples are chosen by national governments that are States Party to the Convention and approved for inscription by the World Heritage Committee.
    [Show full text]
  • Signal Peak Energy's Bull Mountain Mine Has
    JUNE 2012 VOL. 117 NO. 6 FEATURE ARTICLES NEWS/4 SIGNAL PEAK/32 28 Panama Canal Expansion: The Future Brightens for Export Coal 32 Signal Peak Energy’s Bull Mountain Mine has Pulled it Together and is Pulling Ahead 45 High-tech Solutions Relieve Pressure on Mine Planners Accuracy, speedy data analysis and process integration form the foundation of effective planning systems 50 Nano Drying Technology A new approach for fine coal dewatering 60 Advancements in Technology Improve Workshop CONSOL TERMINAL/66 OPERATING IDEAS/72 Component Handling and Safety Purpose-built machines move large awkward components in confined spaces 66 As Exports Grow, CONSOL Energy’s Baltimore Marine Terminal Takes a More Central Role 72 Managing Environmental Compliance COAL IN THE NEWS 8 Century to add another longwall, upgrades prep plant 8 Alliance CEO offers a positive perspective 8 Coal miners, environmental activists clash at Kentucky hearings 10 Peabody Energy submits successful bid for coal reserves THIS ISSUE at North Antelope Rochelle mine 10 NMA says EPA’s proposed NSPS rule is unlawful, unprecedented and unwise This month, Coal Age profiles Signal Peak Energy’s Bull 12 Vectren cuts output Mountain mine. The first major underground coal mine to 16 Alpha makes significant changes to rock dusting policies be commissioned in Montana, it plans to become one of the 16 Addington loses bankruptcy fight safest, most productive longwall operations. On the cover, a view of the Bull Mountain longwall face; the canopies on 20 Colorado’s New Elk metallurgical mine lays off workers the shields have been extended to protect the miners from 20 NMA addresses permitting delays that obstruct investment, face sloughage.
    [Show full text]
  • Canadian Rail No278 1975
    Canadian Rail a No.278 March 1975 r , IN-.-.... s UNIT TRAINS Duncan Haimerl anadian National Railways' definition of a unit- train is a train that handles consistently a ( volume of traffic of uniform commodity with equipment of a uniform type. The train contin- ually cycles between single loading and unloading points, with customer and carrier committed to maintaining the defined cycle. The shipper and user are responsible for maintaining specified loading and unloading times and the carrier is responsible for meeting the specified transit ti­ mes for loaded and empty equipment. Finally, the shipper is obligated to ship a minimum volume of the commodity over a specified time period. While this might seem to be a rather complicated definition, a serious consideration of the various criteria will lead to the con­ clusion that each of them has to be observed if the agreement is to be successful and profitable for both the carrier and the shipper. The first Canadian National train to comply with the above cri­ teria began operation in March 1970, transporting coal from Luscar, Alberta to Vancouver, British Columbia. The solid train (trainload shipments) has characteristics sim­ ilar to the unit train, except that the power units and/or cabooses may be used in other services. In the case of the unit-train, these elements are integral. The first solid train began to operate ln 1957, transporting gypsum from Milford to Wright's Cove, Nova Scotia, on CN's Bedford Subdivision. The strict application of unit-train criteria was first employed on shipments of heavy "Bunker C" fuel oil between Imperial Oil's'Mon­ treal East refinery and the Atomic Energy of Canada installation at Douglas Point, Ontario.
    [Show full text]