Culture

Australia: the place 1 T4.22 Ascolta e leggi il Factfile sull’Australia. Prepara un Factfile simile sull’Italia.

Cape Darwin York Indian Ocean

Australia Great Barrier Reef Outback Ayers Rock Brisbane

Lake Eyre

Perth Adelaide Murray

Factfile: Australia Southern River Sydney Population 20.6 million Ocean Canberra Capital city Canberra (325,000) Highest mountain Mawson Peak (2,745 m) Melbourne Largest lake Lake Eyre (9,500 km 2) Longest river The Murray River (2,530 km) Tasmania

2 T4.23 Ascolta e leggi le informazioni sull’Australia e abbina i titoli ai paragrafi corretti. 1 A Climate B Origins C Geography Australia is the largest island in the world. It is 7.7 million km2. But Australia is also a continent – the continent of Australasia, which contains Australia, Tasmania and New Zealand. It is the smallest continent. The population of Australia is 20.6 million, but the people mainly live in the cities along the coast. Most of Australia is empty and this is because most of it is desert. This desert region is located mainly in the centre of the country and it is called the Outback. Although most of Australia is desert, there are stunning features to see. There are 540 national parks as well as 12 heritage sites. There are also rainforests in Queensland and around 2,000 coral reefs. The eucalyptus is one of the most common trees. Eucalyptus trees give out small drops of blue oil and this is why the mountains near Sydney are called the Blue Mountains. 2 2 3 Aborigines have been in Australia for 60,000 years. Australia has tropical, temperate and dry They originally came from Asia. Aborigines lived regions, with different weather conditions for in tribes of about ten to fifty people, but they each region. didn’t live in one place: they were In the north, the tropical region, there is a nomads. This way of life was called six-month-long wet season with temperatures the ‘Walkabout’. They between 30 and 50ºC. The temperatures fall sometimes built huts or lived to about 20ºC in the dry season. in caves and we can still The centre of Australia is the desert region. see the pictures they Here it is very hot during the day, and very cold painted in these caves. at night. It’s usually about 40ºC in the summer They painted their and between 16 to 24ºC in the winter. At night, bodies, too. They ate what the temperature can fall to 0ºC. There is also they found in the forests: very little rain. insects, fish, honey and The temperate region in the south has plants. They also hunted changeable weather with an average temperature and used boomerangs to of around 30ºC in the summer, and 15ºC in kill kangaroos. Aborigines spoke the winter. about 500 different languages, but only around 30 exist today. Many Australian place names 3 Rileggi il testo e rispondi alle domande. ES come from Aboriginal words. 1 What is the name of the empty inland The most famous is Canberra, area of Australia? the capital city. When European settlers started to 2 How many national parks has Australia got? arrive in the 18th century, they killed 3 Why are the mountains near Sydney called many of the Aborigine tribes and took their the ‘Blue Mountains’? land. They destroyed their way of life and tried 4 Which word describes the nomad life of to make them more western. Today modern the Aborigines? Aborigines are allowed to preserve their culture. 5 How many Aborigine languages exist today? They have their own . It’s black and red with 6 What are the colours of the Aborigine flag? a yellow circle. The black symbolizes the 7 Which area has temperatures of 15ºC in Aborigines; red is the red earth of Australia, and the winter? the yellow circle is the sun. 2.2% of the total 8 Which area gets a lot of rain? population of Australia is Aborigine. Presentazione orale Lavorate in coppie, rispondete alle domande e prendete appunti. Poi preparate una breve presentazione orale. • Which early people lived in Italy before modern times? • What evidence can you see of this?

3 Culture

Australia: past and present 2 Rileggi i testi e decidi se le affermazioni sono ES K 1 T4.24 Che cosa sai su questi personaggi? vere (T) o false (F). Abbina i nomi alle descrizioni. Poi ascolta 1 James Cook died in Britain. e leggi i testi per controllare le risposte. 2 Ned Kelly’s family didn’t know that he was a bank robber. A James Cook1 a singer 3 Kylie Minogue is an actress and an B Kylie Minogue a film actress 2 author as well as a singer. C Nicole Kidman3 a bank robber 4 Kylie Minogue performed at the D Ned Kelly4 a sailor and explorer Sydney Olympics. 5 Nicole Kidman moved to Australia in 1981.

James Cook Ned Kelly James Cook was born in 1728. He was a Ned Kelly was born in 1854 and grew sailor and joined the British navy when up in a poor family of Irish immigrants. he was 13. Cook quickly showed his When he was still quite young, he stole skill as a navigator and when he was 41, horses with his brothers. When Ned was the British Admiralty sent him to Tahiti 23, he shot a policeman in the arm and and New Zealand. He travelled on he ran away with his brothers and some an old coal ship, The Endeavour. He friends. They formed a gang and robbed arrived in southern Australia by accident banks around the country. They also on his way home in 1770. He stopped fought for justice for poor Australians. in a beautiful bay and decided to call it He became a folk hero like Robin Hood. ‘Botany Bay’. Captain Cook raised the Eventually the authorities captured him British flag and claimed the new and hanged him in Melbourne in 1880. country for the British Empire. Cook also discovered Hawaii but on one of his trips some Polynesian natives killed him in 1779.

4 3 T4.25 Leggi questa famosa canzone australiana. Poi ascoltala e cerca di cantarla. Presentazione orale D Lavorate in coppie, rispondete alle domande Waltzing Matilda e prendete appunti. Poi preparate una breve Once a jolly swagman camped by a billabong

Under the shade of a coolibah tree presentazione orale su un italiano famoso. And he sang as he watched and waited till I • Who is an important folk hero in Italian his billy boiled history? Was he / she good or bad? ‘You’ll come a waltzing Matilda with me, • Make some notes about the hero and Waltzing Matilda, waltzing Matilda, then write a short paragraph like the You’ll come a-waltzing Matilda with me’. L ones on pages 4 and 5 about him / her.

Kylie Minogue Nicole Kidman Kylie Minogue was born in Melbourne, Nicole Kidman was born in Hawaii in Australia in 1968. She worked as a child 1967 and moved to Australia with her actress from the age of 11, and starred family when she was four years old. She in the TV soap Neighbours from 1986 to started acting on Australian TV when 1988. She then moved from acting to she was a teenager and then became singing and brought out several number famous when she starred in the film 1 hits in the late 1980s and early 1990s, Dead Calm with Sam Neill in 1989. Her including I should be so lucky. Her album, most popular films include the black Light Years, is her most popular to date. comedy To Die for (1995), the ghost She sang at the Sydney Olympics in 2000 story The Others (2001) and the war and in 2001, her single Can’t get you out romance Cold Mountain (2003). of my head was her biggest success. It was number 1 in over 40 countries and sold six million copies. She has also written a children’s book, The Showgirl Princess.

5 Culture

New Zealand: geography 1 T4.26 Ascolta e leggi le informazioni su questi posti della Nuova Zelanda. Abbina le descrizioni ai luoghi sulla mappa.

Wellington is the capital A 1 city. It is on the south of North Island. The Parliament Buildings are in Wellington.

B 2 Waitangi is north of Auckland. It is the place where Tasman Sea North 50 Maori chiefs signed the Island Treaty of Waitangi. After this, New Zealand became part of C the British Empire.

3 Lake Taupo is in the centre of North Island. It’s New Zealand’s largest lake. Fishermen go to the lake every year because there are D 500 tonnes of trout there. South 4 Auckland is in the northern part of North Island Island E New Zealand on a very narrow piece of land. 5 Christchurch is the biggest city on South Island. Pacific Ocean It has been very important for many Antarctic expeditions, as Dunedin many Antarctic explorers used the Port of Lyttleton as a departure point for expeditions. It has an International Antarctic Centre.

2 T4.27 Ora ascolta e leggi le informazioni sulla Nuova Zelanda e la sua storia.

People and history The main tribe in New Zealand is the Maori There are now many different nationalities in people. They are Polynesians and came originally New Zealand. Almost a quarter of the population from Hawaii. When Captain Cook landed there, of New Zealand have got Scottish ancestors. in 1769, around 100,000 Maoris lived in New Scottish national dress (the kilt), music (the Zealand. The European settlers sold rifles and bagpipes) and festivals (Hogmanay on 31st weapons to the Maoris and also tried to buy December and Burns Night on 25th January) land from them cheaply. This led to many battles, are important, especially in the city of Dunedin. known as the ‘Musket Wars’. In 1840, 50 Maori Nowadays, New Zealand is very multicultural. chiefs signed the Treaty of Waitangi, where they In 2005, a census showed that about 7 out of 10 promised to obey Queen Victoria in return for New Zealanders had a European background. The their lands. others had Maori, Pacific Island or Asian ancestors.

6 The Home of In New Zealand, everyone loves to be outdoors. The landscape and climate allow people to try Adventure everything: swimming with sharks, skiing, surfing, bungee-jumping, kayaking, paragliding, while Sports thousands of people still love the traditional sport of rugby. The national rugby team, the All Blacks, has the best winning record of any national team in the world. The All Blacks traditionally perform a haka (a traditional Maori war dance) before the start of international matches. New Zealand is one of the leading nations in world yachting, and Sir Peter Blake, the round-the-world yachtsman, was a national hero. New Zealand is also internationally recognized for its medal-winning achievements in the Olympic Games.

3 Rileggi il testo e rispondi alle domande. ES Presentazione orale 1 Where do the Maori people originally Lavorate in coppie, rispondete alle domande come from? e prendete appunti. Poi preparate una breve 2 What percentage of the New Zealand presentazione orale. population has a European background? • Describe Italy’s climate. Is it good for 3 What is New Zealand’s national rugby outdoor or indoor sports? team called? • Imagine you can try a dangerous sport 4 With which sport is Sir Peter Blake in New Zealand. Which do you choose associated? and why?

7 Culture

New Zealand: films 1 Lavora in coppia. Che cosa hanno in comune questi due uomini? (La risposta è in fondo alla pagina.) 1 the director of the Lord of the Rings and King Kong? 2 the director of the Chronicles of Narnia?

2 T4.28 Ascolta e leggi le informazioni. Poi scegli la parola o la frase corretta per completare le frasi di pag. 9. New Zealand makes film history!

Peter Jackson Peter Jackson was Many years later he finally got the money to born in a small coastal town in New make the amazing Lord of the Rings trilogy. Zealand in 1961. He was an only child. The landscapes of New Zealand were perfect for When he was 8 years old, he had a very Tolkien’s Middle Earth, in the books. As a result, special birthday present–a movie camera. He loved thousands of tourists visit New Zealand every year using his movie camera and practised creating to visit film locations and other film directors also special effects on film. When he was 22, he wrote, use New Zealand for their films. directed and starred in a film called Bad Taste. The After Lord of the Rings, Jackson made the film film had lots of special effects and it won a prize King Kong. He doesn’t like Hollywood so he made at the Cannes Film Festival. Jackson then gave up King Kong in film studios in Wellington, New Zealand. He always plays a small part in each of his job in a photographer’s shop and began to his films. In Lord of the Rings he was a warrior make horror films full-time. in the battle of Helms Deep and in King Kong he was the pilot of the plane which attacks

the famous gorilla. 8 Zealand. New from both are They Answer: Andrew Adamson Andrew effects for the films True Lies, Batman Forever Adamson was born on 1st December, and Batman and Robin. 1966 in Auckland, New Zealand. He loved In 2001, he co-directed Shrek and he also drawing cartoons when he was a child, but he co-directed and co-wrote Shrek 2 in 2004. Shrek 2 wanted to become an architect, not a film director! was extremely successful, and made over $1 billion. However, he broke his leg in a bad car In 2005, he directed and co-wrote The Chronicles accident and couldn’t go to university to study of Narnia: The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe. architecture. He began to work on animation In this film there were real human actors together while he was recovering from the accident. At with very realistic computer-animated creatures. first he designed animations for TV shows and Auckland and the South Island were the locations advertisements. Then he moved to California in for many of the scenes in Narnia. Adamson is 1991 and worked on computer-animated special working on Shrek 3 and on the next Chronicles of Narnia film: Prince Caspian.

1 Peter Jackson stopped working in a Presentazione orale photographer’s shop because … a he decided to make The Lord of the Lavorate in coppie, rispondete alle domande Rings trilogy. e prendete appunti. Poi preparate una breve b he wanted to move to Hollywood. presentazione. c his film Bad Taste won an award. • Can you think of any famous films that have made Italy hit the headlines? 2 In the film King Kong, Peter Jackson • Can you name any famous Italian plays the part of … directors? What films did they make? a a warrior. • What’s your favourite film? Is it an b a pilot. Italian film or an international one? c King Kong. What is it about? 3 When he was a child, Andrew Adamson wanted to ... a work in animation. b be an architect. c be a film director.

4 The Chronicles of Narnia uses … a real actors only. b a mix of real actors and animation. c animation only.

9 Culture

Canada: the place

Baffin Bay

North Atlantic Ocean

Arctic Ocean

Alaska

Hudson Bay

Quebec Canada Montreal Ottowa Niagara Falls

Pacific Toronto Ocean

Vancouver Calgary USA

1 T4.29 Ascolta e leggi le informazioni sul Canada e decidi se le affermazioni a pag. 11 sono vere (T) o false (F). ES K

Geography Symbols Canada is the second-largest country in the The symbol of Canada is the maple leaf; world after Russia. On its west, there is the you can see it on the Canadian flag. The Pacific Ocean and on the east there is the ‘Mounties’ are members of the Royal Atlantic Ocean. It is a vast country, covering Canadian Mounted Police – they are 9,984,670 km2 of territory and six time zones. policemen on horses, and are a colourful Although it is large, the population and popular symbol of Canada. Another is very small, with only about symbol of Canada is the beaver. This 30 million people – smaller than the animal represents the importance of population of Italy (56.75 million) the fur trade to Canada’s history. and Britain (59.83 million). 89% of Canada is uninhabited. More than half of Canada is forest and about half the population lives near the southern border with the USA, in the provinces of Quebec and Ontario.

10 Landmarks Over 40 million tourists visit Canada each year because there is so much to see and do. The Niagara Falls, on the border with the USA, is an amazing sight. 14 million litres of water crash down into Lake Ontario from Lake Erie every minute. Many tourists visit the CN tower in Toronto. It’s 553 metres high and is the tallest tower in the world. There are over thirty national parks in Canada where visitors can enjoy hiking, canoeing, kayaking and white water rafting. Other attractions include the old town of Montreal, with its lively town squares and old cobbled streets; West Edmonton Mall, the largest shopping centre in the world and Stanley Park in Vancouver.

1 Canada is larger than Russia. 2 Only 11% of Canada is inhabited. 3 The beaver was an important animal in Canada’s history. 4 Montreal has the largest shopping centre in the world.

2 T4.30 Ascolta e leggi le informazioni sul Canada e sugli USA e completa la tabella con le cifre del testo.

Comparison: Canada and the USA Canada is the next-door neighbour of the USA and many people think it is very similar to the USA. In some ways, Canada is similar, but in other ways it is different. Canada is mainly English-speaking (70.7%), though there are some cities and areas where French is the main official language. 22.7% of Canadians speak French as their first language. The USA is also mainly English-speaking (82.1%), though many people (10.7%) speak Spanish as their first language. Canada and the USA are both approximately the same size, but Canada has a much smaller population, because large areas of Canadian land are uninhabitable. The population of the USA is nine times greater than the population of Canada. There is more crime in the USA than in Canada: the crime rate in the USA is three times higher than that in Canada.

Canada USA Italy 1 % English speakers 3 % English speakers 7 % Italian speakers 2 % French speakers 4 % Spanish speakers 8 % other nationalities population: 32.5 million population: 5 million population: 9 million crime rate: 18 per million crime rate: 6 per million crime rate: 10 per million

Presentazione orale Trova delle informazioni sull'Italia e completa la terza colonna. Prendi appunti. Poi prepara una breve presentazione orale sull'Italia.

11 Culture

Canada: people and history 2 T4.31 Ora ascolta e leggi i testi e abbina 1 Osserva le foto e rispondi alle domande. i paragrafi alle foto corrette. 1 What do you know about these people? 2 What connection do they have with A Canada? The original people of Canada are made up of three separate groups, the Native Americans, the Métis and the Inuit. The 1 ancestors of the Native Americans and the Métis probably arrived in Canada some time between 25,000 and 12,000 years ago, when the first Mongolians crossed over the Bering Strait between Siberia and Alaska. The Inuit came later to Canada, probably around AD 1200. They lived by fishing whales, smaller fish and seals and wearing the skins of whales and seals. They also hunted deer and wore their fur. They built their houses from the snow – we call these igloos. 2

B The first Europeans to arrive in Canada were the Vikings from Greenland. They found this new area around AD 1000 and called it Vinland. They settled for a short period. We do not know why the Vikings did not stay long in this area, but we know that when the Europeans arrived in the 15th century they believed that, apart from 3 the original people, there were no other people in Canada.

C The 15th century was known as ‘The Age of Exploration’ in Europe. ‘The Age of Exploration’ was pioneered by the Catholic monarchs, Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain. The English King, Henry VII also wanted to encourage exploration and he 4 sent John Cabot to explore the world and find new lands for England in 1497. Many people believed Cabot was English, but, like Columbus, he was an Italian. Cabot was the first European to discover and begin to explore Newfoundland, but he was quickly followed by the Frenchman, Jacques Cartier in 1534. This started a long battle between the English and the French over Canada.

12 Famous modern Canadians

D 4 Abbina le descrizioni alle foto. Between 1689 and 1763 there were several wars between the French and 1 the British in Canada over territory and control of the fur trade. The British won A He is the these wars and they finally took control of an America TV of all the colonies in Canada in the Treaty drama called 24. of Paris in 1763. However, the French- His father is also speaking Canadians, the Québecois, still Mike Myers a famous actor. kept their French identity. Throughout the 19th century, 2 the British tried to bring together the B He is an actor different colonies to form one united who is the voice country, and they finally achieved this of Shrek. on 1st July, 1867. In 1982, Canada created a new constitution. Now it still has the Queen Celine Dion of England as its monarch, but it is independent from Britain. Many French 3 C She is a singer Canadians today want to form their who sang the theme own country, separate from the rest of song from the film Canada. The province of Quebec held Titanic. She sings in a vote in 1995 to decide if it should Las Vegas now. become a separate country. 51% voted Kiefer Sutherland against separation. 22.7% of Canadians speak French as their first language, and many Canadians are bi-lingual in French 4 D He is an actor and English. with a Hawaiian first name who grew up in Canada. 3 Rileggi i testi e rispondi alle domande. ES Avril Lavigne 1 Which group of people first crossed the Bering Strait into America? 5 2 Which group of settlers came from E She is a female Greenland? rock singer who was 3 Which explorer came from Italy? born in Ontario. 4 Where was Jacques Cartier from?

5 Why did the French and the British fight Keanu Reeves in the 17th and 18th centuries? 6 When did the different colonies of Presentazione orale Canada become one united country? 7 When did Canada become independent Lavorate in coppie, rispondete alle domande from Britain? e prendete appunti. Poi preparate una breve 8 What percentage of Canadians speak presentazione orale su due italiani famosi. French as their first language? • Think of two famous Italians. Why is he / she famous? • How old is he / she? • Where does he / she live now? • Is he / she married? • Did he / she always want to be famous?

13 Culture

South Africa: the place 1 Osserva la mappa del Sud Africa e rispondi alle domande sulle città e sulla geografia. 1 Where is Durban? 4 Is Pretoria north or south of Johannesburg? 2 What city is near the Cape of Good Hope? 5 Which countries are on the border of the 3 Which side is the Atlantic Ocean: east or west? Kruger National Park?

Zimbabwe

Namibia Botswana Kruger National Pretoria Park Mozambique

Johannesburg

Kimberley Swaziland Drakensburg Mountains Atlantic Indian Ocean Ocean South Africa Lesotho Durban

N

W E Cape Town S Cape of Good Hope

2 T4.32 Ora ascolta e leggi altre informazioni sul Sud Africa. ES

Climate Produce South Africa has a great variety of South Africa produces one fifth of the entire climate zones. In the south west, the production of the African continent. It is the climate is Mediterranean, with warm largest producer of gold in the world and has summers and cool winters. The average many valuable diamond mines. It is also annual temperature in this area is around famous for its excellent wine. South Africa is 17ºC and the maximum temperature can the eighth-largest wine producer in the world. reach 32ºC in the summer. In the desert regions, in the north, temperatures can reach between 38ºC and 42ºC. The mountainous areas, north east of Cape Town, have the coldest winters. The average annual minimum temperature is -6ºC. It rains during the summer months of November to March, although around Cape Town there is more rain in winter, from June to August. The ‘Big Hole’ at Kimberley – an early diamond mine

14 People 79.4% of the population of South Africa is black, but they come from a variety of different ethnic groups and speak many different languages. Some of these ethnic Wildlife groups, for example, the Zulu, Xhosa, Bapedi Nine out of ten tourists who come to and Venda groups are unique to South South Africa come to see the wildlife. There Africa. Others are spread across the borders. are 580 game parks in South Africa where The Basotho people are also in Lesotho; the you can see wild animals including zebras, Ndebele people also live in Zimbabwe, the giraffes, monkeys and hippos. The Kruger Tsonga people are also in Mozambique and National Park is bigger than the country the Tswana come mainly from Botswana. of Wales and it’s got over 140 different The white 9.3% of the population are species of mammal, 510 species of bird, descended mainly from Dutch, German, 115 different species of reptile, 33 species French and British people. They are divided of amphibian and 47 species of fish. into Afrikaners, who speak Afrikaans, and Many people who visit the game parks English speakers. are hoping to see the Big Five – elephants, 2.5% of the population describe lions, buffalo, leopards and the rhinos. themselves as Asian. They are mainly However, not all wildlife is good– Indian in origin and are descended from mosquitoes kill more than one million the workers brought into South Africa to people every year in Africa! work on the sugar plantations in Natal.

3 Rispondi alle domande. Presentazione orale 1 Which area has the coldest winters? Lavorate in coppie, rispondete alle domande 2 Which area has the highest temperatures? e prendete appunti. Poi preparate una breve 3 What percentage of the population is presentazione orale. ‘Asian’? • Where are the main Italian national 4 How many game parks are there in South parks? What is special about each one? Africa? What can you see there? Which is the 5 Which of these animals is not one of best one? Why? the Big Five: leopard, elephant, hippo, • What are your own personal ‘Big Five’? rhino, lion? Which animals would you like to see if you go on a trip to South Africa?

15 Culture

South Africa: Nelson Mandela 1 Che cosa sai sull’Apartheid? Lavora in coppia e rispondi alle domande. 1 What does ‘Apartheid’ mean? 2 Which country had a system of government called ‘Apartheid’? 3 When was it abolished? 4 How did other countries react to Apartheid?

2 Ora leggi il testo per vedere se avevi ragione.

Apartheid The word ‘Apartheid’ was an Afrikaner word meaning ‘separate’. Black people and white people could not go to the same schools, they could not eat in the same restaurants or live in the same parts of the city. If they were ill, they had to go to separate hospitals, and they could not work together. Black people earned less money, if they could find a job. While the white minority enjoyed a very high standard of living, the black majority had a lower income, poor housing, little education and low life expectancy. Apartheid was a system of government in South Africa. It was only abolished in 1994. Some countries were angry about it and imposed trade sanctions. Others ignored it.

16 Nelson Mandela 3 T4.33 Ascolta e leggi le informazioni su Nelson Mandela e abbina i titoli seguenti ai paragrafi corretti. A International protestC Early life B Freedom at lastD ANC leader

1 Robihlahla Nelson Mandela was born on July 18th in 1918. His family belonged to the Thembu-Xhosa tribe. When he was nine years old, his father died and the Thembu king adopted him. Nelson went to college and became a lawyer. He soon realised that the African National Party (called the ‘ANP’) was very cruel to black Africans. Nelson decided to try to change this. He joined a political party called the African National Congress (ANC) with his friends, Oliver Tambo and Walter Sisulu. They helped black people to protest about the situation.

2 Mandela and his friends helped black Africans with their legal problems. The African National Congress asked Mandela to lead a war against the government. Mandela began to do this, but he was arrested and put in prison on Robben Island in 1964.

3 People in other countries were very angry about Apartheid. They refused to buy South African things in their shops. Pop stars, actors and opera singers refused to perform in South Africa and sports teams refused to go there. Nelson Mandela was the world’s most famous political prisoner. Presentazione orale 4 Lavorate in coppie, rispondete alle domande On 11th February, 1990, President de Klerk of e prendete appunti. Poi preparate una breve South Africa ordered the prison on Robben presentazione orale sui partiti politici italiani. Island to free Nelson Mandela after 27 years. • How old do you need to be in Italy to vote? Mandela won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993 and in 1994 he became the first black African • How many names of Italian prime president of South Africa. He married his third ministers do you know? wife on his 80th birthday and he retired from • How many political parties are there in public life when he was 85. Italy? Do you think this is too few / too many or just right?

17 Culture

The Caribbean National 1 Leggi le descrizioni delle bandiere e abbinale alle immagini.

A The flag of the Dominican Republic is D The flag of Haiti is half blue and half red. white, red and blue. It has a white cross with It has a picture of a tree in the centre. red and blue rectangles in each corner. E The flag of is green. It has a B The flag of Barbados has two vertical yellow, black and white cross, with a picture blue stripes with a yellow stripe in the centre. of a bird in the middle.

C The is green and black, F The flag of Trinidad and Tobago is red. It with a diagonal yellow cross in the centre. has a black diagonal line with a white border.

1 2 3 4 5 6

Geography 2 Osserva la mappa dei Caraibi e rispondi alle domande. ES

Cuba Atlantic Ocean

Dominican Haiti Republic Jamaica Puerto Rico

Dominica Caribbean Sea

The Caribbean Islands Barbados

Trinidad

Venezuela Tobago Colombia

1 Which two countries share one island? 3 Which countries are near Venezuela? 2 Which ocean is north of the Caribbean Sea? 4 Which islands are west of Haiti?

18 Links with Britain 3 T4.34 Ascolta e leggi le informazioni sull’immigrazione in Gran Bretagna e rispondi alle domande. ES

In the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries, In the same year, several many nationalities fought to control hundred workers left Jamaica the sugar trade in the Caribbean. on the former troopship, the European settlers brought African SS Empire Windrush. Other ships slaves to work in the sugar followed soon afterwards and plantations. The Caribbean was between 1948 and 1962, there divided into British, French and was a steady rise in migration Dutch territories. from the Caribbean to Britain. During the 20th century, the This reached a peak in 1961 with descendants of these European 66,300 people in one year. settlers and African slaves began In 1962, Britain introduced to migrate from the Caribbean to new laws restricting immigration, Britain and the USA. This was and the number of immigrants mainly due to the very poor economic from the Caribbean fell to an conditions in the Caribbean. Before average of about 10,000 per year. the Second World War, the most popular People of Caribbean origin now make up destination was the USA. After the war, about 1% of the British population. The however, the USA introduced restrictions extent of immigration has not always been on immigration. easy with local British people. In the past there have been race riots. Nowadays there is more harmony between cultures as Britain accepts its multicultural status.

In 1948, Britain passed the Nationality Act. This gave British citizenship to any member of Britain’s colonies. It became easier for employers in Britain to recruit workers from the Caribbean and other British colonies. The main jobs were in hospitals and on London transport (buses and trains).

1 Which country was the most popular Presentazione orale destination for emigrants before 1939? Lavorate in coppie, rispondete alle domande 2 What happened in 1948? e prendete appunti. Poi preparate una breve 3 In what year was immigration from the presentazione orale. Caribbean into Britain at its highest? • What nationalities are coming to live 4 What percentage of the British in Italy? population is of Caribbean origin? • What kind of jobs do they do? • Is Italy a multicultural country?

19 Culture

Food from the English-speaking world 1 Lavora in coppia. Discuti le domande. Poi riferisci le tue risposte alla classe. 1 Are there any foreign restaurants in your town? Have you 1 ever eaten in them? What did you eat? 2 Which animals would you refuse to eat? 3 Which parts of an animal would you refuse to eat? 4 What is your favourite seafood? 5 Have you ever eaten any foods which are good for you but which taste horrible?

2 T4.35 Ora ascolta e leggi i testi su diversi cibi tipici del mondo di lingua inglese. Abbina le foto del cibo ai paesi.

2 3 4 5

A B The Caribbean Canada The black community in London There is a wide variety of Canadian cuisine, depending is famous for its Caribbean cuisine on the region. In the western provinces, the cuisine has and there are many Caribbean German, Ukrainian, Polish and Scandinavian influences restaurants. A popular dish is jerk and includes food like Kassler Rippchen (pork roasted chicken. The cooks make holes in with cloves) and Spaetzle (dumplings made from flour, the flesh of the chicken and put eggs and milk). spices into them. Many of the French-speaking Canada, especially Quebec, has a vegetables and fruit that British cuisine influenced by France. One famous Quebec people regularly eat now came tradition is the temps des sucres (sugar season). originally from the Caribbean, Québecois eat a traditional meal of eggs, baked beans, including pineapples, peppers, ham, oreilles de Christ avocadoes, potatoes, sweet (smoked pig cheeks) potatoes and tomatoes. and bacon. They cover the food in maple syrup. Another typical Quebec food is a tourtière, a pie made with cubed or minced pork, veal and beef, baked in a thick deep- dish pie crust.

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Plays

Play C D Australia New Zealand Australian food is a mix between traditional There are more sheep than people in New Zealand, food from the Aborigines and food adapted so lamb is a popular dish. New Zealanders also from the different nationalities who settled enjoy pork and venison, and many types of in Australia. Barbecues are very popular in the seafood, including oysters, mussels, lobster and summer. The most distinctive food is bush abalone. A Maori specialty is the hangi. A hangi tucker, which is originally Aborigine food. is an earth oven: a deep hole in the ground, lined This has now become fashionable in many with very hot stones and vegetation. Meat or fish Australian restaurants. The most famous bush together with vegetables, are placed in a basket tucker is the witchetty grub. This is a fat on top of the stones, then sprinkled with water insect like a caterpillar. You have to hold the and covered with more vegetation and earth. The head between your fingers, put it in your heat from the stones steams the food gradually mouth and eat the body. over several hours.

E South Africa In the African communities roasted insects, flying ants and worms are popular and in the townships, people like to eat smileys. A smiley is half a sheep’s head. People roast smileys on little fires outside their houses in the townships.

3 Ecco cinque cibi del mondo di lingua inglese. Di’ (a) da dove provengono, (b) che cosa contengono e (c) come si preparano o si mangiano. 1 witchetty grub 2 jerk chicken 3 hangi 4 smiley 5 tourtière

4 Rileggi i testi e rispondi alle domande. ES 1 Which popular fruit came orginally from the Caribbean? 2 Where in Canada do people eat spaetlze? 3 What is the word for Aborigine food from the outback? 4 What is a popular meat in New Zealand? Why? 5 Where are roasted insects popular?

Presentazione orale Lavorate in coppie, rispondete alle domande e prendete appunti. Poi preparate una breve presentazione orale sui piatti italiani che preferite. • Which food do you like best from the descriptions? Which would you refuse to eat? • Which Italian food is your favourite food? Why?

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