Beidou and Galileo, Two Global Satellite Navigation Systems in Final Phase of the Construction, Visibility and Geometry
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GLONASS System As a Tool for Space Weather Monitoring
GLONASS System as a tool for space weather monitoring V.V. Alpatov, S.N. Karutin, А.Yu. Repin Institute of Applied Geophysics, Roshydromet TSNIIMASH, Roscosmos BAKU-2018 PLAN OF PRESENTATION General information about GLONASS Goals Organization and Management Technical information about GLONASS Space Weather Effects On Space Systems On Ground based Systems Possible Opportunities of GLONASS for Monitoring Space Weather Effects Russian Monitoring System for Monitoring Space Weather Effects with Use Opportunities of GLONASS 2 GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT GLONASS NATIONAL SATELLITE NAVIGATION POLICY AND ORGANIZATION Presidential Decree of May 17, 2007 No. 638 On Use of GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) for the Benefit of Social and Economic Development of the Russian Federation Federal Program on GLONASS Sustainment, Development and Use for 2012-2020 – planning and budgeting instrument for GLONASS development and use Budget planning for the forthcoming decade – up to 2030 GLONASS Program governance: Roscosmos State Space Corporation Government Contracting Authority – Program Coordinator Government Contracting Authorities Program Scientific and Coordination Board GLONASS Program Goals: Improving GLONASS performance – its accuracy and integrity Ensuring positioning, navigation and timing solutions in restricted visibility of satellites, interference and jamming conditions Enhancing current application efficiency and broadening application domains 3 CHARACTERISTICS IMPROVEMENT PLAN Accuracy Improvement by means of: . Ground Segment -
China Science and Technology Newsletter No. 14
CHINA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY NEWSLETTER Department of International Cooperation No.14 Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST), P.R.China July 25 2014 Special Issue: China’s Space Development Achievements and Prospects of China’s Space Development The 64th IAC Held in Beijing Shenzhou 10 Misson Successfully Accomplished Chang’e 3 Achieved Soft Landing on the Moon GF-1 Satellite - The First Satellite of CHEOS Achievements and Prospects of China’s Space Development Mr. Xu Dazhe, Chairman of China Aerospace Science in 1970 marked the start of China entering into space and and Technology Corporation (CASC) delivered a speech exploring the universe. Due to substantial governmental at the 64th International Astronautical Congress (IAC) on support and promotion, China’s space industry developed September 23, 2013, sharing experiences gained in the quite fast and has made world-known achievements. development of China’s space industry with international As the leader in China’s space sector, CASC is colleagues. assigned to develop, manufacture and test launch OUTSTANDING ACHIEVEMENTS MADE BY vehicles, manned spaceships, various satellites and CHINA’S SPACE INDUSTRY other spacecraft for major national space programs such as China’s Manned Space Program, China’s Lunar China’s space programs have had 57 years of Exploration Program, BeiDou Navigation Satellite development since the 1950s. The successful launch of System, and China’s High-Resolution Earth Observation China’s first artificial satellite Dongfanghong 1 (DFH-1) Monthly-Editorial Board:Building A8 West, Liulinguan Nanli, Haidian District, Beijing 100036, China Contact: Prof.Zhang Ning E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] http://www.caistc.com System. -
Secretariat Distr.: General 25 November 2014
United Nations ST/SG/SER.E/733 Secretariat Distr.: General 25 November 2014 Original: English Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space Information furnished in conformity with the Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into Outer Space Letter dated 30 October 2014 from the Legal Services Department of the European Space Agency addressed to the Secretary-General In conformity with the Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into Outer Space (General Assembly resolution 3235 (XXIX), annex), the rights and obligations of which the European Space Agency (ESA) has declared its acceptance of, the Agency has the honour to transmit information on space objects Sentinel-1A and ATV-5, which were put into orbit within the past seven months (see annex). The Agency has the further honour to note that with effect from 28 October 2014, the date of signature of the Agreement between the European Union, Represented by the European Commission, and the European Space Agency on the Implementation of the Copernicus Programme, Including the Transfer of Ownership of Sentinels, the Agency has transferred the ownership of Sentinel-1A to the European Union. (Signed) Marco Ferrazzani ESA Legal Counsel and Head of the Legal Services Department V.14-07991 (E) 031214 041214 *1407991* ST/SG/SER.E/733 Annex Registration data on space objects launched by the European Space Agency* Sentinel-1A Information provided in conformity with the Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into Outer Space Committee on Space Research 2014-016A international -
Enhanced Orbit Determination for Beidou Satellites with Fengyun-3C Onboard GNSS Data
GPS Solut DOI 10.1007/s10291-017-0604-y ORIGINAL ARTICLE Enhanced orbit determination for BeiDou satellites with FengYun-3C onboard GNSS data 1,2 1 1 3 3 Qile Zhao • Chen Wang • Jing Guo • Guanglin Yang • Mi Liao • 1 1,2 Hongyang Ma • Jingnan Liu Received: 3 September 2016 / Accepted: 27 January 2017 Ó The Author(s) 2017. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract A key limitation for precise orbit determination (Root Mean Square) of overlapping orbit differences of BeiDou satellites, particularly for satellites in geosta- (OODs) is 2.3 cm for GPS-only solution. The 3D RMS of tionary orbit (GEO), is the relative weak geometry of orbit differences between BeiDou-only and GPS-only ground stations. Fortunately, data from a low earth orbiting solutions is 15.8 cm. Also, precise orbits and clocks for satellite with an onboard GNSS receiver can improve the BeiDou satellites were determined based on 97 global geometry of GNSS orbit determination compared to using (termed GN) or 15 regional (termed RN) ground stations. only ground data. The Chinese FengYun-3C (FY3C) Furthermore, also using FY3C onboard BeiDou data, two satellite carries the GNSS Occultation Sounder equipment additional sets of BeiDou orbit and clock products are with both dual-frequency GPS (L1 and L2) and BeiDou determined with the data from global (termed GW) or (B1 and B2) tracking capacity. The satellite-induced vari- regional (termed RW) stations. In general, the OODs ations in pseudoranges have been estimated from multipath decrease for BeiDou satellites, particularly for GEO observables using an elevation-dependent piece-wise linear satellites, when the FY3C onboard BeiDou data are added. -
AMA 2009 UNE ANNÉE « BIG BANG » IYA09 - Behind the Big Bang
LE MAGAZINE D’INFORMATION DU CENTRE NATIONAL D’ÉTUDES SPATIALES cnescnesmag N° 41 04/2009 AMA 2009 UNE ANNÉE « BIG BANG » IYA09 - Behind the Big Bang L’oiseau et le satellite Birds under satellite scrutiny JEAN-MICHEL JARRE Un ambassadeur pour l’astronomie Astronomy’s ambassador sommaire ERATJ contents N°41 - 04/2009 06 04 / 15 news Smos, Des mesures disponibles à l’automne SMOS: data coming soon Soyouz, dernière ligne droite avant le lancement Soyuz in Guiana: first launch in sight 11 100 ans pour le salon du Bourget Paris Air Show centenary 16 / 29 politique Business & politics 16 Interview Fadela Amara, secrétaire d’État en charge de la Politique de la ville, à l’occasion du démarrage de l’opération « Espace dans ma ville » 2009. IInterview with Fadela Amara, Junior Minister for Urban Affairs, for the kick-off of Space in my City 2009. Séminaire de prospective Space science seminar Histoire d’espace: La France moteur de l’Europe spatiale Space History: France as Europe’s engine room in space 30 / 37 société Society L’oiseau et le satellite 30 Birds under satellite scrutiny Une expertise pour l’écotaxe poids lourds CNES expertise applied to truck eco-tax 38 / 59 dossier Special report 2009, une année « Big Bang » 2009 - Behind the Big Bang 60 / 68 Monde World États-Unis : la Nasa attend une nouvelle impulsion United States: NASA awaiting new momentum Europe : cap sur l’Espace européen de la recherche Europe: European Research Area in sight 69 / 75 culture Arts & living L’espace s’invite à La Nuit des musées Space in the spotlight on museum night Un espace dédié aux enseignants Dedicated site for teachers Des fusées expérimentales à Biscarosse Experimental rockets and more 60 CNESMAG journal trimestriel de communication externe du Centre national d’études spatiales.2 place Maurice-Quentin. -
AVL Systems for Bus Transit
T R A N S I T C O O P E R A T I V E R E S E A R C H P R O G R A M SPONSORED BY The Federal Transit Administration TCRP Synthesis 24 AVL Systems for Bus Transit A Synthesis of Transit Practice Transportation Research Board National Research Council TCRP OVERSIGHT AND PROJECT TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 1997 SELECTION COMMITTEE CHAIRMAN OFFICERS MICHAEL S. TOWNES Peninsula Transportation District Chair: DAVID N. WORMLEY, Dean of Engineering, Pennsylvania State University Commission Vice Chair: SHARON D. BANKS, General Manager, AC Transit Executive Director: ROBERT E. SKINNER, JR., Transportation Research Board, National Research Council MEMBERS SHARON D. BANKS MEMBERS AC Transit LEE BARNES BRIAN J. L. BERRY, Lloyd Viel Berkner Regental Professor, Bruton Center for Development Studies, Barwood, Inc University of Texas at Dallas GERALD L. BLAIR LILLIAN C. BORRONE, Director, Port Department, The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (Past Indiana County Transit Authority Chair, 1995) SHIRLEY A. DELIBERO DAVID BURWELL, President, Rails-to-Trails Conservancy New Jersey Transit Corporation E. DEAN CARLSON, Secretary, Kansas Department of Transportation ROD J. DIRIDON JAMES N. DENN, Commissioner, Minnesota Department of Transportation International Institute for Surface JOHN W. FISHER, Director, ATLSS Engineering Research Center, Lehigh University Transportation Policy Study DENNIS J. FITZGERALD, Executive Director, Capital District Transportation Authority SANDRA DRAGGOO DAVID R. GOODE, Chairman, President, and CEO, Norfolk Southern Corporation CATA DELON HAMPTON, Chairman & CEO, Delon Hampton & Associates LOUIS J. GAMBACCINI LESTER A. HOEL, Hamilton Professor, University of Virginia. Department of Civil Engineering SEPTA JAMES L. -
The Navy Navigation Satellite System (Transit)
ROBERT J. DANCHIK THE NAVY NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEM (TRANSIT) This article provides an update on the status of the Navy Navigation Satellite System (TRANSIT). Some insights are provided on the evolution of the system into its current configuration, as well as a discussion of future plans. BACKGROUND sign goal was never achieved for long in those early In 1958, research scientists at APL solved the orbit days because the satellites had short operational life of the first Russian satellite, Sputnik-I, by analysis of times. The failures largely resulted from inadequate the observed Doppler shift of its transmitted signal. component quality and the large number of wiring in This led immediately to the concept of satellite navi terconnections. However, after OSCAR 2 10 and OS gation and the development of the U.S. Navy Navi CAR 12 were launched in 1966 and 1967, respectively, gation Satellite System (TRANSIT) by APL, under the enough data on the failure mechanisms became avail sponsorship of the Navy's Special Projects Office, to able to APL to achieve the desired advances in reli provide position fixes for the Fleet Ballistic Missile ability. The integrated circuit introduced in OSCAR Weapon System submarines. (The articles in Ref. 1, 10 significantly extended the satellite lifetime by im a previous issue of the fohns Hopkins APL Techni proving component reliability and reducing the num cal Digest devoted to TRANSIT, give the principles ber of interconnections. Subsequently, the last major of operation and early history of the system.) Now, design change made to the solar cell interconnections, 26 years after its conception, the system is mature. -
Ariane 5 Completes 101St Successful Launch Bepicolombo Mission on Its Way to Mercury Rendezvous on 5 December 2025!
Ariane 5 completes 101st successful launch BepiColombo mission on its way to Mercury Rendezvous on 5 December 2025! On the night of 19-20 October, Ariane 5 completed a flawless launch from Europe’s spaceport at the Guiana Space Centre (CSG), placing into a hyperbolic liberation orbit the BepiColombo spacecraft built by Airbus Defence & Space with a consortium of 83 firms from 16 countries. The launch was Ariane 5’s 101st flight, its fifth in 2018 and the seventh of the year from the CSG. BepiColombo is a joint mission of the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Japan Aerospace eXploration Agency (JAXA) to study the surface and interior structure of Mercury. The mission comprises two orbiters, the Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO), renamed ‘Bepi’ by ESA, and the Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter (MMO), renamed Mio by JAXA, which will be inserted into orbit around Mercury on 5 December 2025. Bepi will map the entire surface of the planet and study its inner composition and structure, while Mio will analyse its magnetic field and magnetosphere, the layer of Mercury’s atmosphere where physical characteristics are governed by its magnetic field. Data gathered will provide new insights into the formation and evolution of the ‘inner’ planets of the solar system (Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars). CNES has overseen development of the French contribution to the mission for all of the eight research laboratories involved. With a launch mass of 4 081 kilograms, BepiColombo comprises the Mercury Transfer Module (MTM), which will carry the two Bepi and Mio orbiters, and the MMO Sunshield and Interface Structure (MOSIF). -
The Fengyun-3C Radio Occultation Sounder GNOS: a Review of the Mission and Its Early Results and Science Applications
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2017-385 Manuscript under review for journal Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discussion started: 15 January 2018 c Author(s) 2018. CC BY 4.0 License. The FengYun-3C radio occultation sounder GNOS: a review of the mission and its early results and science applications Yueqiang Sun1,2,3, Weihua Bai1,2,3, Congliang Liu1,2, Yan Liu4, Qifei Du1,2,3, Xianyi Wang1,2, Guanglin Yang5, Mi Liao5, Zhongdong Yang5, Xiaoxin Zhang5, 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 5 Xiangguang Meng , Danyang Zhao , Junming Xia , Yuerong Cai , and Gottfried Kirchengast6,2,1 [1] National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences (NSSC, CAS) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration, Beijing, China [2] Joint Laboratory on Occultations for Atmosphere and Climate (JLOAC) of NSSC, CAS, 10 Beijing, China, and University of Graz, Graz, Austria [3] School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China [4] National Meteorological Center, Chinese Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China [5] National Satellite Meteorological Center, Chinese Meteorological Administration, Beijing, 15 China [6] Wegener Center for Climate and Global Change (WEGC) and Institute for Geophysics, Astrophysics, and Meteorology/Institute of Physics, University of Graz, Graz, Austria Correspondence to: Congliang Liu (Email:[email protected]); Wehuai Bai (Email: [email protected]) 20 1 Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2017-385 Manuscript under review for journal Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discussion started: 15 January 2018 c Author(s) 2018. CC BY 4.0 License. Abstract The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) occultation sounder (GNOS) is one of the new generation payloads onboard the Chinese FengYun 3 (FY-3) series of operational meteorological satellites for sounding the Earth’s neutral atmosphere and ionosphere. -
ABAS), Satellite-Based Augmentation System (SBAS), Or Ground-Based Augmentation System (GBAS
Current Status and Future Navigation Requirements for Mexico City New Airport New Mexico City Airport in figures: • 120 million passengers per year; • 1.2 million tons of shipping cargo per year; • 4,430 Ha. (6 times bigger tan the current airport); • 6 runways operating simultaneously; • 1st airport outside Europe with a neutral carbon footprint; • Largest airport in Latin America; • 11.3 billion USD investment (aprox.); • Operational in 2020 (expected). “State-of-the-art navigation systems are as important –or more- than having world class civil engineering and a stunning arquitecture” Air Navigation Systems: A. In-land deployed systems - Are the most common, based on ground stations emitting radiofrequency signals received by on-board equipments to calculate flight position. B. Satellite navigation systems – First stablished by U.S. in 1959 called TRANSIT (by the time Russia developed TSIKADA); in 1967 was open to civil navigation; 1973 GPS was developed by U.S., then GLONASS, then GALILEO. C. Inertial navigation systems – Autonomous navigation systems based on inertial forces, providing constant information on the position of the flight and parameters of speed and direction (e.g. when flying above the ocean and there are no ground segments to provide support). Requirements for performance of Navigation Systems: According to the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) there are four main requirements: • The accuracy means the level of concordance between the estimated position of an aircraft and its real position. • The availability is the portion of time during which the system complies with the performance requirements under certain conditions. • The integrity is the function of a system that warns the users in an opportune way when the system should not be used. -
Application of Fengyun 3-C GNSS Occulation Sounder for Assessing Global Ionospheric Response to Magnetic Storm Event” by Weihua Bai Et Al
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., doi:10.5194/amt-2016-291-AC1, 2017 AMTD © Author(s) 2017. CC-BY 3.0 License. Interactive comment Interactive comment on “Application of Fengyun 3-C GNSS occulation sounder for assessing global ionospheric response to magnetic storm event” by Weihua Bai et al. Weihua Bai et al. [email protected] Received and published: 3 January 2017 Dear Editor and Referee #1, Thank you for your comments concerning our manuscript entitled “Application of Fengyun 3-C GNSS occulation sounder for assessing global ionospheric response to magnetic storm event” (Manuscript Number: doi:10.5194/amt-2016-291-RC1). Those comments are all valuable and very helpful for revising and improving our paper, as well Printer-friendly version as the important guiding significance to our researches. We have studied comments carefully and have made correction which we hope meet with approval. The responds Discussion paper to the comments are as flowing: C1 Referee #1: AMTD General comments: 1, Figure 4 compares NmF2 measurements from the GNOS GPS occultation and Fig- ure 5 shows those produced by GNOS BDS occultation. The comparison between Interactive these two figures is the only thing I find in this paper that could be called a “new find- comment ing.” Response: We would like to explain our purposes and meanings in this paper: (1) It’s a first demonstration for the application of the FY3-C GNSS occulation sounder (GNOS) for assessing global ionospheric response to magnetic storm events. These results coincide with previous studies (e. g. Habarulema et al. 2014, 2016and refer- ences therein), which just right proves the reliability of FY3-C GNOS radio occultation measurements for analyzing statistical and event-specific physical characteristics of the ionosphere. -
The Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2017
Federal Aviation Administration The Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2017 January 2017 Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2017 i Contents About the FAA Office of Commercial Space Transportation The Federal Aviation Administration’s Office of Commercial Space Transportation (FAA AST) licenses and regulates U.S. commercial space launch and reentry activity, as well as the operation of non-federal launch and reentry sites, as authorized by Executive Order 12465 and Title 51 United States Code, Subtitle V, Chapter 509 (formerly the Commercial Space Launch Act). FAA AST’s mission is to ensure public health and safety and the safety of property while protecting the national security and foreign policy interests of the United States during commercial launch and reentry operations. In addition, FAA AST is directed to encourage, facilitate, and promote commercial space launches and reentries. Additional information concerning commercial space transportation can be found on FAA AST’s website: http://www.faa.gov/go/ast Cover art: Phil Smith, The Tauri Group (2017) Publication produced for FAA AST by The Tauri Group under contract. NOTICE Use of trade names or names of manufacturers in this document does not constitute an official endorsement of such products or manufacturers, either expressed or implied, by the Federal Aviation Administration. ii Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2017 GENERAL CONTENTS Executive Summary 1 Introduction 5 Launch Vehicles 9 Launch and Reentry Sites 21 Payloads 35 2016 Launch Events 39 2017 Annual Commercial Space Transportation Forecast 45 Space Transportation Law and Policy 83 Appendices 89 Orbital Launch Vehicle Fact Sheets 100 iii Contents DETAILED CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .