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AMA 2009 UNE ANNÉE « BIG BANG » IYA09 - Behind the Big Bang

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AMA 2009 UNE ANNÉE « BIG BANG » IYA09 - Behind the Big Bang LE MAGAZINE D’INFORMATION DU CENTRE NATIONAL D’ÉTUDES SPATIALES cnescnesmag N° 41 04/2009 AMA 2009 UNE ANNÉE « BIG BANG » IYA09 - Behind the Big Bang L’oiseau et le satellite Birds under satellite scrutiny JEAN-MICHEL JARRE Un ambassadeur pour l’astronomie Astronomy’s ambassador sommaire ERATJ contents N°41 - 04/2009 06 04 / 15 news Smos, Des mesures disponibles à l’automne SMOS: data coming soon Soyouz, dernière ligne droite avant le lancement Soyuz in Guiana: first launch in sight 11 100 ans pour le salon du Bourget Paris Air Show centenary 16 / 29 politique Business & politics 16 Interview Fadela Amara, secrétaire d’État en charge de la Politique de la ville, à l’occasion du démarrage de l’opération « Espace dans ma ville » 2009. IInterview with Fadela Amara, Junior Minister for Urban Affairs, for the kick-off of Space in my City 2009. Séminaire de prospective Space science seminar Histoire d’espace: La France moteur de l’Europe spatiale Space History: France as Europe’s engine room in space 30 / 37 société Society L’oiseau et le satellite 30 Birds under satellite scrutiny Une expertise pour l’écotaxe poids lourds CNES expertise applied to truck eco-tax 38 / 59 dossier Special report 2009, une année « Big Bang » 2009 - Behind the Big Bang 60 / 68 Monde World États-Unis : la Nasa attend une nouvelle impulsion United States: NASA awaiting new momentum Europe : cap sur l’Espace européen de la recherche Europe: European Research Area in sight 69 / 75 culture Arts & living L’espace s’invite à La Nuit des musées Space in the spotlight on museum night Un espace dédié aux enseignants Dedicated site for teachers Des fusées expérimentales à Biscarosse Experimental rockets and more 60 CNESMAG journal trimestriel de communication externe du Centre national d’études spatiales.2 place Maurice-Quentin. 75039 Paris Cedex 01. Adresse postale pour abonnement: 18 avenue Édouard- Belin. 31404 Toulouse Cedex 9. Tél.: + 33 (0) 5 61273469. Internet: http://www.cnes.fr. Cette revue est réalisée par le Service de la communication institutionnelle. Elle est membre de l’Union des journaux et journalistes d’entreprises de France (UJJEF) Abonnement: [email protected]. CNESMAGquarterly review of the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales –2 place Maurice-Quentin 75039 Paris cedex 01 – France – Postal address for subscriptions: 18 avenue Edouard Belin 31401 Toulouse cedex 4 – France. Phone: +33 (0) 561 273 469. Website: http://www.cnes.fr. This review is produced by the CNES Corporate Communications Office, a member of the French union of corporate publications and journalists (UJJEF). Subscriptions: [email protected]. Directeur de la publication/Publication director: Yannick d’Escatha. Responsables éditoriaux/Editorial directors: Pierre Tréfouret, Joëlle Brami. Rédactrice en chef/Editor-in-chief: Brigitte Thomas. Rubrique News : Liliane Feuillerac. Rubrique Politique/Business & Politics: Aline Chabreuil. Rubrique Société/Society: Joëlle Brami. Dossier/Special Report: Brigitte Thomas. Rubrique Monde/World: Philippe Collot, Europe: Geneviève Gargir. Rubrique Culture/Arts & Living: Marie-Jo Vaissière. Avec l’aide de/Contributors:Fernand Alby, Christophe Allemand, Laura André-Boyet, Jean-Marc Astorg, Gérard Azoulay, Karol Barthélémy, François Bermudo, Anne-Marie Bernard, Richard Bonneville, Lilia Bouarour, Fabienne Casoli, Philippe Collot, Fiona Commins, Christine Correcher, Chantal Delabarre, Mario Delail, Carole Deniel, Romain Desplats, Danièle Destaerke, Claire Dramas, Jean-Bernard Dubois, Alain Gaboriaud, Geneviève Gargir, Isabelle Guidolin, Michel Hayard, André Husson, Marie-Pierre Joseph-Alberton, Nadia Karouche, Séverine Klein, Anne-Marie Laborde, Agnès Lerr, Marc Pontaud, Chantal Raynaud, Didier Renaut, Michel Sartou, Anne Serfass-Denis, Isabelle Sourbes-Verger, Jean-philippe Taisant, Éric Thouvenot, Michel Vauzelle, Gwenaëlle Verpeaux, Fanny Zmaric. Traduction/English text: Boyd Vincent. Conseil iconographique/Artwork and picture consultant: Serge Delmas. Photothèque/Photos: Orianne Arnould. Crédits photos/Photo credits: CNES, Sertit, Spot Image, Esa, Arianespace, Thales Alenia Space, PixproStudio, Safire, Medialab, IRD, Cirad, Artec Aerospace, Fotolia, Nasa, JPL, Space Science Institute, JPL-Caltech, CXO/CFA, DLR/FU Berlin (G. Neukum), ISDC Geneva, Hubble Space Telescope Comet Team, Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA), CXC, EuroSpaceCenter, Panète Sciences, Activité Optique CSG, P. Baudon, T. Vallée, Y. Obrenovitch, C. Urbain, P.Le Doaré, Lycée Jean-Puy, H. Piraud, O. Pascaud, P.Collot, E. Grimault, C. Bardou, S. Charrier, O. Ben Salem, R. Barranco, A. Aebischer, F.Baillon, P.Poilecot, J.-L. Bazile, S. Henri, M. Weiss, M. Pedoussaut, D. Ducros, C. Dupont, Y. Stavchansky, José Francisco Salgado, PhD, B. Guindre, L. Boyer, N. Smith (University of California, Berkeley), Erich Karkoschka (University of Arizona), The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI), G. Bacon (STScI), Johan Richard (Caltech), D. Finkbeiner, V. Beckmann, A. Tappe and J. Rho (SSC-Caltech), R.Wainscoat, B.Rouffignac. P.10: ONF; p.17: Ludovic-Réa; p.28-29: Henri Bureau/Sygma/Corbis; p.31: Kevin Schafer/Corbis; p.38-39: L.Laveder/Novapix; p.46: A.Fujii/David Malin Images/Novapix; p.57: A.H. Abolfath/B. A.Tafreshi/Novapix; p.59: J.Lodriguss/Novapix; p. 69: Hans Hartung, « Mon télescope et moi » (1916), ADAGP, Paris 2009. Pour tout renseignement, contacter la photothèque au: + 33 (0) 5 61 47 48 78./For more information, contact the photo library on +33 (0) 561 474 878. Création/Réalisation/Design and pre-press: Véronique Nouailhetas. Impression/Printing: SIA. ISSN 1283-9817. Couverture/Cover: © Ciel et espace/C. Birnbaum 2 / cnesmag AVRIL 2009 de l’espace pour la terre l Pierre Tréfouret Directeur de la communication externe, de l’éducation et des affaires publiques, CNES a Director of External Communications, Education and Public Relations, CNES i Un printemps étoilé r ’Organisation des Nations unies et l’Unesco ont déclaré 2009 Année mondiale de l’astronomie. Dans 130 pays, dont la France, de multiples manifestations témoigneront de l’actualité des questions que se posent les hommes sur l’origine de l’Univers. Hasard o L du calendrier, la découverte de l’exoplanète Corot-Exo-7b, le lancement des satellites européens Planck et Herschel au printemps marquent déjà cette année. Quatre cents ans après Galilée, l’astronomie spatiale, quand elle ne les supplante pas, est devenue le complément indispensable des t télescopes terrestres. Notre dossier vous propose un état des lieux de cette discipline, qui, sans l’apport i du spatial, ne pourrait voir, demain, le passé de l’Univers. La Guyane offrira pour la première fois son ciel au décor naturel d’une Nuit des étoiles à partir de cinq sites exceptionnels. Jean-Michel Jarre, ambassadeur de bonne volonté à l’Unesco, notre invité de la rédaction, prévoit pour la fin de l’été un d mégaconcert aux îles Canaries à l’occasion de l’inauguration du grand télescope de La Palma. Même le supplément CNES Mag Educ se met au diapason en faisant la part belle à la mission martienne MSL, avec une innovante maquette réalisée par des BTS de la région Midi-Pyrénées. é Mais pour anticiper sur les missions d’astronomie de demain, le séminaire de prospective scientifique du CNES, programmé tous les quatre ans, est le lieu idéal pour en débattre avec les laboratoires concernés. Cette année, celui de Biarritz, sujet de l’interview croisé entre Catherine Cesarsky, prési- dente du Comité des programmes scientifiques, et Yannick d’Escatha, président du CNES, a donné 38 la priorité aux nombreuses missions du programme scientifique de l’Esa (Cosmic Vision). Côté tech- nologie de pointe, la journée R&T sur les systèmes orbitaux, relatée dans ce numéro, avait déjà posé quelques jalons. Enfin qui dit printemps, dit envies d’évasion… pour les satisfaire, laissez vous surprendre par l’envol des flamants roses, des balbuzards, des mouettes ivoire et autres canards suivis par satellite pour mieux les protéger; courez à l’Euro Space Center, en Belgique, simuler une mission spatiale dans le shuttle américain; ou encore incitez vos enfants, comme vous le propose Fadela Amara, secrétaire d’État en charge de la Politique de la ville, à participer à la semaine d’animation spatiale estampillée « Espace dans ma ville » si vous habitez dans une des 19 agglomérations retenues cette année. Profitons de ce printemps étoilé pour aller à la découverte de l’Univers! A star-studded spring The United Nations and UNESCO have declared for a stargazing night at five exceptional sites. This programme. And, as you will see in our report 2009 the International Year of Astronomy. In 130 issue’s guest column meets UNESCO goodwill from the orbital systems R&T day, CNES is busy countries, including France, a packed programme ambassador Jean-Michel Jarre, who will be playing a developing some of the leading-edge technologies of events will turn the spotlight on the questions mega-concert in the Canary Islands for the that will help to make them happen. scientists are still pondering about the origin of inauguration of the GTC telescope on La Palma. With spring now upon us, we naturally feel inclined the Universe. As chance would have it, IYA is also Even CNES Mag Educ is getting in on the act, to get out and about. Maybe you will be lucky marked by the recent discovery of the exoplanet focusing on the Mars Science Laboratory mission enough to see some pink flamingos, ospreys, CoRoT-Exo-7b and the forthcoming launch of the (MSL) and a student project to build an innovative ivory gulls and other bird species being tracked European Planck and Herschel satellites. Four full-scale replica of the MSL rover. by satellite to help protect them more effectively; hundred years after Galileo, space-based CNES’s four-yearly space science seminar offers you could take a trip to the Euro Space Center in astronomy has become the vital complement to the ideal forum to look ahead to tomorrow’s Belgium and fly a simulated US space shuttle ground-based telescopes, and indeed has in some astronomy missions with research laboratories.
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