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The Future of Mobile Broadband New Radio for 5G: the Future of Mobile Broadband

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New Radio for 5G The future of mobile broadband New Radio for 5G: The future of mobile broadband Table of Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................................3 1 5G Mobile Communications.......................................................................................... 4 1.1 Capabilities and Requirements ...........................................................................................5 1.2 IMT-2020 Requirements and Usage Scenarios..................................................................5 1.3 Spectrum for 5G ..................................................................................................................6 2 General Design Principles ...................................................................................................7 2.1 Evolution and Forward Compatibility .................................................................................7 2.2 Minimizing Always-On Transmissions ..............................................................................7 2.3 Packing the Transmissions in the Time-Frequency Grid ...................................................7 2.4 Flexible Timing Relationship ...............................................................................................8 3 Key Technology Components .............................................................................................9 3.1 Waveform .............................................................................................................................9 3.2 Duplexing..............................................................................................................................9 3.3 Frame Structure .................................................................................................................10 3.4 Beamforming .....................................................................................................................10 3.5 Multi-Site Connectivity ......................................................................................................10 3.6 Scheduled and Unscheduled Transmissions ...................................................................11 3.7 Access/Backhaul Convergence ........................................................................................11 4 3 GPP Standardization Timeline .......................................................................................11 Glossary .............................................................................................................................12 References .........................................................................................................................12 About the Author................................................................................................................13 About Ofinno ......................................................................................................................13 Ofinno Technologies, February 2017 2 New Radio for 5G: The future of mobile broadband New Radio (NR) is a study item in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project Radio Access Network Working Group (3GPP RAN-WG) focusing on a new Radio Access Technology (RAT) for the 5th Generation (5G) cellular communications systems. Together with the next generation core network (NextGen Core), NR fulfills requirements set forth by the International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT)-2020 in the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The IMT-2020 vision for 5G enables a connected society that connects people, things, data, applications, transport systems and cities in a smart networked communications environment. This paper provides an overview of the key design principles and technology components for NR and the main features that distinguish NR from prior RATs developed by the 3GPP. Ofinno Technologies, February 2017 3 New Radio for 5G: The future of mobile broadband 1. 5G Mobile Communications The 5G system increases the As shown in Figure 1, mobile communica- achievable data rate, improves tions have evolved since the early 1980s system efficiency and the mobile when the 1st generation (1G) analog cellular broadband experience. However, communications systems were introduced. the scope of the 5G extends be- Commercial deployment of 1G made mobile yond mere enhancement of mo- telephony available for the first time on a bile broadband. large scale. 3GPP standardization of the 4th generation The 2nd generation (2G) cellular communi- (4G) cellular communications systems be- cations systems emerged in the early 1990s gan in 2008 with release 8 and the introduc- and made mobile telephony more available tion of long term evolution (LTE) and later and wide-spread than previous 1G systems. LTE-Advanced and LTE-Advanced Pro. 3GPP The distinguishing feature of 2G is the tran- 4G systems rely on a multiple input and mul- sition from a purely analog system to a dig- tiple output-orthogonal frequency division ital system. Additionally, 2G introduced new multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) physical layer as features such as supplementary services, well as enhanced throughput and efficiency. short message services, and a limited form This created an even better mobile broad- of wireless cellular data. band experience than previous 3G systems. The 3rd generation (3G) cellular commu- In addition, 3GPP 4G systems achieve higher nications systems were introduced in the data rates, making demanding services such early 2000s. The 3GPP 3G is based on wide- as video streaming possible. band code division multiple access (WCD- The 5G system increases the achievable MA)-based radio access technology which data rate, improves system efficiency and later evolved into high speed packet access the mobile broadband experience. However, (HSPA) technology. 3G expands the limited the scope of the 5G extends beyond mere mobile data capability of 2G to mobile broad- enhancement of mobile broadband. The 5G band, allowing high speed wireless internet enables wireless connectivity for any kind to become available with the introduction of of device, leading to what is commonly de- HSPA and HSPA+ in releases 6 and 7 of the scribed as the Internet of Things (IoT). The 3GPP, respectively. high data rate and the improved system Figure 1: Evolution of Mobile Communications Ofinno Technologies, February 2017 4 New Radio for 5G: The future of mobile broadband architecture provided by the 5G, enables a Similar to IMT-2000 and IMT-Ad- wide range of innovative applications and vanced, which set the stage for future use cases which are not implemented by current cellular technologies. research activities around 3G and 4G, IMT-2020 is associated with 5G 1.1 Capabilities and Requirements wireless access. Similar to the current cellular communication communication links (e.g., with bit error rate -9 systems, enhancing peak and average data below 10 ) and reliability in terms of main- rates to improve the user experience for mo- taining connectivity, even in the case of un- bile broadband continues to be the most im- expected events such as natural disasters. portant goal for 5G. Peak data rates as high The 5G system also supports applications as 10 Gbps or more are estimated for the 5G. that require collection of data from low cost In addition, 5G strives to improve the data sensors and devices with limited capabil- rate in different types of situations includ- ities. These applications typically require ing urban, suburban and rural environments. modest requirements in terms of data rates Low latency plays an important role in the and latency. The energy consumption of mobile broadband experience. For example, these devices may be extremely low to allow in applications envisioned in 5G, such as for several years of battery life. vehicle-to-network (V2N) communications for traffic safety, low latency plays a crit- 1.2 IMT-2020 Requirements and ical role. End-to-end latency in the order of Usage Scenarios 1 ms is required for 5G. In order to achieve the 1 ms end-to-end latency requirement, The ITU activities that define the vision for the radio-access network only contributes to the 5th generation cellular communications a small portion of the overall 1 ms latency. system, referred to as IMT-2020, started in 2013. Similar to IMT-2000 and IMT-Ad- Requirements for the 5G system include vanced, which set the stage for research ac- high reliability, both in terms of low error-rate tivities around 3G and 4G, IMT-2020 is asso- Figure 2: 5G Usage Scenarios Ofinno Technologies, February 2017 5 New Radio for 5G: The future of mobile broadband The 5G system utilizes significantly 1.3 Spectrum for 5G higher frequency bands when compared The 5G system utilizes significantly higher frequency bands when compared to previ- to previous generations of cellular com- ous generations of cellular communications systems. While operation in low-frequency munications systems. bands allows better coverage due to the low propagation loss, the continuously increas- ciated with 5G wireless access. As shown in ing demand for data has driven 5G to use Figure 2, ITU has defined the following basic additional higher-frequency spectrum bands. usage scenarios for 5G: This pattern follows previous generations of Enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB): The cellular communications systems. While 1G eMBB usage scenario includes both small-ar- merely operated in the sub-1 GHz frequency ea (e.g., hot spots) as well as wide-area cov-
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