2. Project Description
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Hongkong a Study in Economic Freedom
HongKOng A Study In Economic Freedom Alvin Rabushka Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace Stanford University The 1976-77 William H. Abbott Lectures in International Business and Economics The University of Chicago • Graduate School of Business © 1979 by The University of Chicago All rights reserved. ISBN 0-918584-02-7 Contents Preface and Acknowledgements vn I. The Evolution of a Free Society 1 The Market Economy 2 The Colony and Its People 10 Resources 12 An Economic History: 1841-Present 16 The Political Geography of Hong Kong 20 The Mother Country 21 The Chinese Connection 24 The Local People 26 The Open Economy 28 Summary 29 II. Politics and Economic Freedom 31 The Beginnings of Economic Freedom 32 Colonial Regulation 34 Constitutional and Administrative Framework 36 Bureaucratic Administration 39 The Secretariat 39 The Finance Branch 40 The Financial Secretary 42 Economic and Budgetary Policy 43 v Economic Policy 44 Capital Movements 44 Subsidies 45 Government Economic Services 46 Budgetary Policy 51 Government Reserves 54 Taxation 55 Monetary System 5 6 Role of Public Policy 61 Summary 64 III. Doing Business in Hong Kong 67 Location 68 General Business Requirements 68 Taxation 70 Employment and Labor Unions 74 Manufacturing 77 Banking and Finance 80 Some Personal Observations 82 IV. Is Hong Kong Unique? Its Future and Some General Observations about Economic Freedom 87 The Future of Hong Kong 88 Some Preliminary Observations on Free-Trade Economies 101 Historical Instances of Economic Freedom 102 Delos 103 Fairs and Fair Towns: Antwerp 108 Livorno 114 The Early British Mediterranean Empire: Gibraltar, Malta, and the Ionian Islands 116 A Preliminary Thesis of Economic Freedom 121 Notes 123 Vt Preface and Acknowledgments Shortly after the August 1976 meeting of the Mont Pelerin Society, held in St. -
Building on Solid Foundations
Building on Solid Foundations World-class Design, Planning and Management Executive Management’s Report All units at The Capitol at LOHAS Park were pre-sold. Property and Other Businesses The Hong Kong property market performed strongly in the first half of 2008. Both office and retail markets enjoyed steady growth. However, with global credit market uncertainties developing into a global economic downturn, market activities slowed noticeably in the second half. Sale prices for residential units declined, and commercial rents started to consolidate. 48 MTR Corporation Annual Report 2008 Profit from property development was HK$4,670 million in 2008, Property Development while revenue from property rental, management and other businesses grew by 47.9% to HK$2,712 million. HK$4.67 Billion Property Development Profit Property Development Profit on property development for 2008 was HK$4,670 million, 2 Property Tenders a decrease from the HK$8,304 million recognised in 2007. This Awarded decrease was mainly due to very significant development profits with a Total GFA of 203,719 sq.m. booking in 2007, particularly for Le Point in Tseung Kwan O. The major contributors to property development profits were from profit recognition relating to The Capitol at LOHAS Park and The Palazzo in Shatin, as well as the sale of units from inventory at Property Rental Harbour Green and The Arch. In addition, there was deferred income recognition, mainly from properties along the Airport 48.4% Increase Railway, such as Coastal Skyline and Caribbean Coast in Tung in Rental Income Chung Station, and Elements in Kowloon Station. -
931/01-02(01) Route 3 Country Park Section Invitation For
CB(1)931/01-02(01) COPY ROUTE 3 COUNTRY PARK SECTION INVITATION FOR EXPRESSIONS OF INTEREST PROJECT OUTLINE TRANSPORT BRANCH HONG KONG GOVERNMENT MARCH 1993 INVITATION FOR EXPRESSIONS OF INTEREST IN DEVELOPING THE COUNTRY PARK SECTION OF ROUTE 3 ("THE PROJECT") Project Outline N.B. This Outline is issued for information purposes only, with a view to inviting expressions of interest for the finance. design, construction and operation of the Project. 1 Introduction 1.1 Route 3, to be constructed to expressway standard between Au Tau in Yuen Long and Sai Ying Pun on Hong Kong Island, is a key element in the future road infrastructure in the Territory. 1.2 The primary function of Route 3 is to serve the growing traffic demand in the North West New Territories. the Kwai Chung Container Port and western Kowloon. The southern portion of Route 3 forms part of the principal access to the Chek Lap Kok Airport. This comprises the Tsing Yi and Kwai Chung Sections from northwest Tsing Yi to Mei Foo, the West Kowloon Expressway and the Western Harbour Crossing to Hong Kong Island, all of which are included in the Airport Core Programme. 1.3 The northern portion of Route 3, namely the Country Park Section. consists of the following principal elements:- (a) The Ting Kau Bridge and the North West Tsing Yi Interchange; (b) The Tai Lam Tunnel including the Ting Kau interchange; and (c) The Yuen Long Approach from Au Tau to Tai Lam Tunnel including the connections to the roads in the area including the Yuen Long Southern By-pass. -
Long-Term Evolution of the Chinese Port System (221BC-2010AD) Chengjin Wang, César Ducruet
Regional resilience and spatial cycles: Long-term evolution of the Chinese port system (221BC-2010AD) Chengjin Wang, César Ducruet To cite this version: Chengjin Wang, César Ducruet. Regional resilience and spatial cycles: Long-term evolution of the Chinese port system (221BC-2010AD). Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie, Wiley, 2013, 104 (5), pp.521-538. 10.1111/tesg.12033. halshs-00831906 HAL Id: halshs-00831906 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00831906 Submitted on 28 Sep 2014 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Regional resilience and spatial cycles: long-term evolution of the Chinese port system (221 BC - 2010 AD) Chengjin WANG Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research (IGSNRR) Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100101, China [email protected] César DUCRUET1 French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) UMR 8504 Géographie-cités F-75006 Paris, France [email protected] Pre-final version of the paper published in Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Vol. 104, No. 5, pp. 521-538. Abstract Spatial models of port system evolution often depict linearly the emergence of hierarchy through successive concentration phases of originally scattered ports. -
Guide to Shipping Register and Shipping Tax Regime in Hong Kong Contents
Guide to Shipping Register and Shipping Tax Regime in Hong Kong Contents The Hong Kong Shipping Register 1 Taxation of Shipping Profits in Hong Kong 8 Schedule 12 The Hong Kong Shipping Register Until 3 December 1990, the United Kingdom Merchant Shipping Acts (the “Acts”) (except for the Merchant Shipping Act 1988) applied to registration of ships and to mortgages of ships in Hong Kong. A ship registered at the Port of Hong Kong was, therefore, a British ship. Hong Kong reverted to Chinese sovereignty on 1 July 1997 and became a Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China. Section VIII of Annex I to the Sino- British Joint Declaration which relates to the transfer of sovereignty states that: “The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall maintain Hong Kong’s previous systems of shipping management and shipping regulation, including the system for regulating conditions of seamen. The specific functions and responsibilities of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government in the field of shipping shall be defined by the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government on its own. Private shipping businesses and shipping-related businesses and private container terminals in Hong Kong may continue to operate freely. The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be authorised by the Central People’s Government to continue to maintain a shipping register and issue related certificates under its own legislation in the name of ‘Hong Kong, China’.” The Hong Kong Government appointed a Steering Committee in 1987 to advise the Government on the establishment of an independent shipping registry. The result was enacted as the Merchant Shipping (Registration) Ordinance (Cap 415) (the “Ordinance”), which came into effect on 3 December 1990. -
Costs and Benefits of Shore Power at the Port of Shenzhen
WHITE PAPER DECEMBER 2015 COSTS AND BENEFITS OF SHORE POWER AT THE PORT OF SHENZHEN Haifeng Wang, Ph.D., Xiaoli Mao, and Dan Rutherford, Ph.D. www.theicct.org [email protected] BEIJING | BERLIN | BRUSSELS | SAN FRANCISCO | WASHINGTON ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was commissioned by the China Environment Forum (CEF) at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars as part of its Choke Point: Port Cities initiative, funded by the Henry Luce Foundation. The authors thank Irene Kwan and Simon Ng for their technical support and Tim Leong for his critical review of the work. The authors also especially thank Shenzhen Human Settlements and Environmental Committee and the Port of Oakland for their review and recommendations for the report. ABOUT THE CHINA ENVIRONMENT FORUM (CEF) Since 1997, the China Environment Forum (CEF) has been the “go-to” resource for convening policy, business, research, and NGO practitioners on the most pressing energy, water, and pollution problems facing China. Through meetings, publications, and exchanges, they play a unique nonpartisan role in creating multistakeholder dialogues around China’s energy and environmental challenges, identifying new areas of collaboration. CEF’s work is frequently featured in mainstream media, including: The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, The Washington Post, BBC News, The Guardian, Bloomberg Businessweek, and Foreign Policy. For additional information: International Council on Clean Transportation 1225 I Street NW Suite 900 Washington, DC 20005 USA [email protected] -
A Competitive Analysis of Port of Hong Kong: from External to Internal Zihua Liu1, Dong Yang2* and Y
Liu et al. Journal of Shipping and Trade (2020) 5:7 Journal of Shipping https://doi.org/10.1186/s41072-020-00062-2 and Trade ORIGINAL ARTICLE Open Access A competitive analysis of port of Hong Kong: from external to internal Zihua Liu1, Dong Yang2* and Y. N. Eppie Ng2 * Correspondence: dong.yang@ polyu.edu.hk Abstract 2Shipping Research Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, This paper aims to analyse the competitive equilibrium of Hong Kong international Hong Kong SAR, China port after the cooperation among terminal operators. To achieve our research Full list of author information is objective, a comprehensive analysis framework is proposed. We assume that the port available at the end of the article services provided by Shenzhen and Hong Kong have heterogeneity, thus apply Cournot price competition model to understand the external competition. We find that the heterogeneity level can affect the demand of Hong Kong international port. For different heterogeneity levels, different competitive equilibriums among terminal operators of Hong Kong are discussed. We further apply Edgeworth model and Stackelberg Leadership Model to describe the internal competition of Hong Kong international port. Based on analysis, some recommendations are provided to the terminal operators of Hong Kong. Keywords: Terminal/port competition, Service heterogeneity, Cournot price competition, Edgeworth model, Stackelberg leadership model Introduction With the current dynamic business environment, port and container terminal opera- tors in the same region are facing keen competition from each other (Kaselimi et al. 2011). In recent years, liner shipping companies restructure and reform their shipping alliances, which significantly improves their bargaining power towards port and con- tainer terminal operators and port competition arises. -
Regional Shipping and Port Development Strategies
CONTENTS Page SUMMARY .................................................................................................................V KEY FINDINGS ......................................................................................................VII 1. INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................1 1.1 OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE ......................................................................................1 1.2 STUDY APPROACH.............................................................................................1 1.3 MODELLING APPROACH ....................................................................................2 1.4 REPORT STRUCTURE AND CONTENTS ................................................................3 2. CHANGES IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND SHIPPING .......................4 2.1 CHANGES IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE ................................................................4 2.2 COMPETITION AND REGULATION OF LINER SHIPPING........................................5 2.3 SHIPPING LINE RESPONSE..................................................................................9 2.4 IMPLICATIONS FOR PORTS ...............................................................................11 3. CONTAINER TRADE GROWTH....................................................................13 3.1 BACKGROUND .................................................................................................13 3.2 LOOKING FORWARD ........................................................................................14 -
Largest Seaports and Airports with Reported Threats
Largest Seaports and Airports with Reported Threats Sources: riskmethods (reported threats based on multi-year trends) and Wikipedia (cargo and container traffic, 2017) Ted Stevens Anchorage Intl. Airport Port of Hamburg Port of Rotterdam Port of Antwerp Frankfurt am Main Intl. Airport Port of Tianjin Port of Los Angeles Port of New York Port of Port of Busan Shanghai Pudong Intl. Airport Qingdao Louisville Port of Intl. Airport Port of Shanghai Port of Ningbo-Zhousan Long Beach Memphis Port Guangzhou Intl. Airport Port of Kaohsiung Dubai Intl. Hong Kong Intl. Airport Taiwan Taoyuan Intl. Airport Airport Port of Hong Kong Europe Civil Unrest Disaster at Location Extratropical Storm Industrial Dispute Asia Disaster Earthquake Extratropical Flash Flood Industrial Power Tropical Terrorist at Location Storm Dispute Outage Cyclone Attack Cargo Airports Cargo (in tons) Cargo Airports Cargo (in tons) Frankfurt am Main Intl. Airport, Germany 2.110.670 Hong Kong Intl. Airport, China 4.881.075 Cargo Seaports Container Traffic (in thous. TEUs) Shanghai Pudong Intl. Airport, China 3.703.431 Port of Hamburg, Germany 9.000 Dubai Intl. Airport, UAE 2.651.467 Port of Rotterdam, Netherlands 13.600 Taiwan Taoyuan Intl. Airport, Taiwan 2.233.493 Port of Antwerp, Belgium 10.450 Cargo Seaports Container Traffic (in thous. TEUs) Disaster Earthquake Extratropical Flash Flood Power Tropical Terrorist Tsunami Volcano Americas Industrial Port of Hong Kong, China 20.760 at Location Storm Dispute Outage Cyclone Attack Port of Tianjin, China 15.210 Cargo Airports Cargo (in tons) Port of Ningbo-Zhousan, China 24.610 Memphis Intl. Airport, USA 4.307.050 Port Guangzhou, China 20.370 Louisville Intl. -
M / SP / 14 / 173 Ser Res
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New Territories
Branch ATM District Branch / ATM Address Voice Navigation ATM 1009 Kwai Chung Road, Kwai Chung, New Kwai Chung Road Branch P P Territories 7-11 Shek Yi Road, Sheung Kwai Chung, New Sheung Kwai Chung Branch P P P Territories 192-194 Hing Fong Road, Kwai Chung, New Ha Kwai Chung Branch P P P Territories Shop 102, G/F Commercial Centre No.1, Cheung Hong Estate Commercial Cheung Hong Estate, 12 Ching Hong Road, P P P P Centre Branch Tsing Yi, New Territories A18-20, G/F Kwai Chung Plaza, 7-11 Kwai Foo Kwai Chung Plaza Branch P P Road, Kwai Chung, New Territories Shop No. 114D, G/F, Cheung Fat Plaza, Cheung Fat Estate Branch P P P P Cheung Fat Estate, Tsing Yi, New Territories Shop 260-265, Metroplaza, 223 Hing Fong Metroplaza Branch P P Road, Kwai Chung, New Territories 40 Kwai Cheong Road, Kwai Chung, New Kwai Cheong Road Branch P P P P Territories Shop 115, Maritime Square, Tsing Yi Island, Maritime Square Branch P P New Territories Maritime Square Wealth Management Shop 309A-B, Level 3, Maritime Square, Tsing P P P Centre Yi, New Territories ATM No.1 at Open Space Opposite to Shop No.114, LG1, Multi-storey Commercial /Car Shek Yam Shopping Centre Park Accommodation(also known as Shek Yam Shopping Centre), Shek Yam Estate, 120 Lei Muk Road, Kwai Chung, New Territories. Shop No.202, 2/F, Cheung Hong Shopping Cheung Hong Estate Centre No.2, Cheung Hong Estate, 12 Ching P Hong Road, Tsing Yi, New Territories Shop No. -
Bank of China (Hong Kong)
Bank of China (Hong Kong) Bank Branch Address 1. Central District Branch 2A Des Voeux Road Central, Hong Kong 2. Prince Edward Branch 774 Nathan Road, Kowloon 3. 194 Cheung Sha Wan Road 194-196 Cheung Sha Wan Road, Sham Shui Po, Branch Kowloon 4. Pak Tai Street Branch 4-6 Pak Tai Street, To Kwa Wan, Kowloon 5. Tsuen Wan Branch 297-299 Sha Tsui Road, Tsuen Wan, New Territories 6. Kwai Chung Road Branch 1009 Kwai Chung Road, Kwai Chung, New Territories 7. Sheung Kwai Chung 7-11 Shek Yi Road, Sheung Kwai Chung, New Branch Territories 8. Ha Kwai Chung Branch 192-194 Hing Fong Road, Kwai Chung, New Territories 9. Fuk Tsun Street Branch 32-40 Fuk Tsun Street, Tai Kok Tsui, Kowloon 10. Kwong Fuk Road Branch 40-50 Kwong Fuk Road, Tai Po Market, New Territories 11. Texaco Road Branch Shop A112, East Asia Gardens, 36 Texaco Road, Tsuen Wan, New Territories 12. Cheung Hong Estate 2 G/F, Commercial Centre, Cheung Hong Estate, Commercial Centre Branch Tsing Yi Island, New Territories 13. Kin Wing Street Branch 24-30 Kin Wing Street, Tuen Mun, New Territories 14. Choi Wan Estate Branch Shop Nos. A317 and A318, 3/F, Choi Wan Shopping Centre Phase II, No. 45 Clear Water Bay Road, Ngau Chi Wan, Kowloon 15. Lung Hang Estate Branch 103 Lung Hang Commercial Centre, Sha Tin, New Territories 16. Lei Cheng Uk Estate Shop 108, Lei Cheng Uk Commercial Centre, Lei Branch Cheng Uk Estate, Kowloon 17. Heng Fa Chuen Branch Shop 205-208, East Wing Shopping Centre, Heng Fa Chuen, Chai Wan, Hong Kong 18.