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Final FAA RNAV and RNP Procedures at Denver International Airport

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Final FAA RNAV and RNP Procedures at Denver International Airport FAA RNAV and RNP Procedures at Denver International Airport, Centennial Airport and Rocky Mountain Metropolitan Airport Environmental Assessment TABLE OF CONTENTS Page CHAPTER ONE: PROJECT BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE AND NEED FOR THE ACTION 1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 Study Area ...................................................................................................................................... 1-2 1.3 Background .................................................................................................................................... 1-2 1.3.1 National Airspace System ........................................................................................................... 1-3 1.3.2 Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) ........................................................... 1-4 1.4 Proposed Action............................................................................................................................ 1-5 1.5 Purpose and Need......................................................................................................................... 1-5 1.5.1 National Airspace Needs ............................................................................................................. 1-6 1.5.2 Denver Complex Airspace Needs .............................................................................................. 1-7 1.6 Implementation .............................................................................................................................. 1-8 CHAPTER TWO: ALTERNATIVES 2.1 Identification of Potential Alternatives ...................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Alternatives Eliminated ................................................................................................................ 2-1 2.2.1 Improved ATC Technology ......................................................................................................... 2-2 2.2.2 DEN PBN Alternatives ................................................................................................................. 2-3 2.2.2.1 DEN STAR Option 2007-2009: Primary STAR / Offload STAR ................................ 2-3 2.2.2.2 DEN SID Option 2007-2009: No VNAV ....................................................................... 2-3 2.2.3 Satellite STAR Options 2011 ...................................................................................................... 2-4 2.3 Alternatives Carried Forward for Environmental Review ...................................................... 2-5 2.3.1 No Action Alternative ................................................................................................................... 2-5 2.3.2 PBN Alternatives .......................................................................................................................... 2-7 2.3.2.1 DEN PBN Procedures - All Alternatives ...................................................................... 2-7 2.3.2.2 Alternative 1 ................................................................................................................... 2-8 2.3.2.3 Alternative 2 ................................................................................................................. 2-10 2.3.2.4 Alternative 3 ................................................................................................................. 2-11 2.3.2.5 Alternative 4 ................................................................................................................. 2-14 2.3.3 Comparison of Alternatives ....................................................................................................... 2-14 CHAPTER THREE: AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 3.1 Study Area Setting and General Conditions ............................................................................ 3-1 3.1.1 Setting and Location .................................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.2 Airport Facilities ............................................................................................................................ 3-1 3.1.3 Primary Airport ............................................................................................................................. 3-4 3.1.4 Satellite Airports ........................................................................................................................... 3-4 3.1.5 Airspace ........................................................................................................................................ 3-4 i FAA RNAV and RNP Procedures at Denver International Airport, Centennial Airport and Rocky Mountain Metropolitan Airport Environmental Assessment 3.1.6 Land Use ...................................................................................................................................... 3-6 3.1.7 Demographics .............................................................................................................................. 3-7 3.1.8 Weather and Climate .................................................................................................................. 3-9 3.2 Non-Issue Impact Categories .................................................................................................... 3-10 3.3 Affected Environmental Resource Categories ...................................................................... 3-13 3.3.1 Noise ........................................................................................................................................... 3-13 3.3.1.1 Noise Modeling Methodology ..................................................................................... 3-13 3.3.1.2 Existing Aircraft Noise Exposure at Population Centroids ........................................ 3-16 3.3.2 Section 4(f) and 6(f) of the DOT Act ......................................................................................... 3-17 3.3.2.1 National Park Service Lands ...................................................................................... 3-18 3.3.2.2 National Forest System ............................................................................................... 3-19 3.3.2.3 National Wildlife Refuge System ................................................................................ 3-20 3.3.2.4 National Wilderness Areas ......................................................................................... 3-20 3.3.2.5 State Parks, Forests and Other Area of Significance ............................................... 3-20 3.3.3 Historical, Architectural, Archaeological, and Cultural Resources ......................................... 3-23 3.3.4 Air Quality ................................................................................................................................... 3-24 3.3.4.1 Carbon Monoxide (CO) ............................................................................................... 3-24 3.3.4.2 Ozone ........................................................................................................................... 3-25 3.3.4.3 Particulate Matter (PM) ............................................................................................... 3-26 3.3.5 Climate ........................................................................................................................................ 3-27 3.3.6 Threatened and Endangered Species and Migratory Birds ................................................... 3-29 3.3.6.1 Threatened, Endangered, Proposed, and Candidate Species ................................ 3-29 3.3.6.2 Migratory Birds ............................................................................................................. 3-30 3.3.6.3 Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act ...................................................................... 3-36 3.4 Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 3-37 CHAPTER FOUR: ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES 4.1 Noise ................................................................................................................................................ 4-1 4.1.1 Noise Modeling Methodology ..................................................................................................... 4-1 4.1.2 Noise Impact Criteria ................................................................................................................... 4-2 4.1.3 Aircraft Noise Impact Analysis .................................................................................................... 4-3 4.1.4 No Action Alternative ................................................................................................................... 4-3 4.1.5 Proposed Action Alternatives ...................................................................................................... 4-4 4.1.6 Alternative 1 ................................................................................................................................. 4-5 4.1.7 Alternative 2 ................................................................................................................................. 4-8 4.1.8 Alternative 3 ................................................................................................................................
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