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Za[Tita Prirode 59/1–2 Protection of Nature 59/1–2 ZAVOD INSTITUTE ZA ZA[TITU FOR NATURE PRIRODE CONSERVATION SRBIJE OF SERBIA ZA[TITA PRIRODE 59/1–2 PROTECTION OF NATURE 59/1–2 ISSN–0514–5899 UDK:502/504 Beograd/Belgrade 2008 ^ASOPIS ZAVODA ZA ZA[TITU PRIRODE SRBIJE JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE FOR NATURE CONSERVATION OF SERBIA 11070 Novi Beograd, Dr Ivana Ribara 91 21000 Novi Sad, Radni~ka 20a 18000 Ni{, Vo`dova 14 E-mail: [email protected] Za izdava~a/For Publisher Dr Nenad Stavretovi} Redakcioni odbor/Editorial board Akademik Stevan Karamata Dr William Wimbledon, Velika Britanija Dr Jan ^erovsky, ^e{ka Prof. dr Milutin Qe{evi} Prof. dr Vladimir Stevanovi} Dr Milan Bursa} Dr Du{an Mijovi} Dr Biqana Pawkovi} Mr Sr|an Belij, sekretar Glavni urednik/Chif Editor Dr Milan Bursa} Tehni~ki urednik/Technical editor Sne`ana Korolija Fotografija na koricama / Photo on cover Mrazno-sne`ani~ki cirkovi na grebenu Koprena, Stara planina — foto: Mr Sr|an Belij Priprema za {tampu/Prepres Davor Pal~i} [email protected] [tampa/Print HELETA d.o.o. Ju`ni bulevar 5, Beograd Tira`/Press 800 SADR@AJ / CONTENTS Milan Ko{}al, Qubomir Menkovi}, Mirjana Kne`evi} KAKO JE TITELSKI BREG IZ SREMA DOPLOVIO U BA^KU HOW TITELSKI BREG MOUND ARRIVE FROM SREM IN BA^KA ................. 5 Sr|an Belij, Dragan Ne{i}, Bo{ko Milovanovi} SAVREMENI GEOMORFOLO[KI PROCESI I OBLICI REQEFA PERIGLA- CIJALNE SREDINE STARE PLANINE RECENT GEOMORPHOLOGICAL PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS OF PERIGLACIAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE STARA PLANINA MOUNTAIN AND THEIR PROTECTION 19 Dragan Ne{i}, Dragan Pavi}evi}, Aleksandra Zatezalo, Milica Mijatovi}, Bratislav Gruba~ REZULTATI KOMPLEKSNIH ISTRA@IVAWA OGORELI^KE PE]INE THE RESULTS OF A COMPLEX STUDY OF THE OGORELI^KA CAVE ............ 51 Dragan Ne{i}, Dragan Pavi}evi}, Bojana Petrovi}, Aleksandra Zatezalo REZULTATI NOVIJIH ISTRA@IVAWA TUPI@NI^KE LEDENICE RESULTS OF RECENT STUDIES OF TUPI@NI^KA LEDENICA .................... 67 Biqana Pawkovi} ZAJEDNICA VODENOG ORA[KA (ass. Ceratophyllo-Trapetum natantis Muller et Gors (1962) ex Pass. 1992) U BUKINSKOM RITU ASSOCIATION OF WATER CHESTNUT (ass. Ceratophyllo-Trapetum natantis Muller et Gors (1962) ex Pass. 1992) IN BUKINSKI SWAMP ................................. 81 Verica Stojanovi}, Vladimir Stevanovi} PRIKAZ FLORE PLANINE GU^EVO U SEVEROZAPADNOJ SRBIJI FLORA OVERVIEW OF MOUNTAIN GU^EVO IN NORTHWEST SERBIA .......... 93 Zoran Krivo{ej, Danijela Prodanovi}, Predrag Lazarevi}, Goran Ana~kov Allium albidum FISCHER EX BIEB. SUBSP. albidum (Alliaceae): PRISUTAN I NA SERPENTINITIMA IBARSKE DOLINE Allium albidum Fischer ex Bieb. subsp. albidum (Alliaceae): RECORDED ON THE IBAR VALLEY SERPENTINE ............................................................. 109 4 Sadr`aj / Contents Predrag Vasi}, Nenad Labus, Marina Topuzovi}, Darko Dubak MORFOLO[KO-ANATOMSKE KARAKTERISTIKE KLEKE Juniperus sibirica SA PODRU^JA PLANINE KOPAONIK MORPHOLOGICAL-ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF JUNIPER (Juniperus sibirica) FROM THE AREA OF MOUNTAIN KOPAONIK ............................ 115 Predrag Lazarevi}, Verica Stojanovi}, Zoran Krivo{ej Tragopogon porrifolius L. subsp. australis (Jordan) Br.-Bl.(COMPOSITAE) NOVA, ADVENTIVNA VRSTA U FLORI SRBIJE Tragopogon porrifolius L. subsp. australis (Jordan) Br.-Bl.(COMPOSITAE) NEW ALIEN SPECIES IN THE FLORA OF SERBIA ............................................... 121 Imre Krizmani} PROCENA KONZERVACIONOG STATUSA ZELENIH @ABA (Rana synklepton esculenta complex) U SRBIJI — OSNOVNE POSTAVKE THE CONSERVATION STATUS EVALUATION FOR GREEN FROGS (Rana synklepton esculenta complex) IN SERBIA — BASIC ASSUMPTION ................... 127 Nenad Labus, Predrag Vasi} KRANIOMETRIJSKE KARAKTERISTIKE EVROPSKE SRNE (Capreolus Capreolus L.) SA PODRU^JA CENTRALNOG DELA KOSOVA I METOHIJE CRANIOMETRIC CHARACTERS OF THE EUROPEAN ROE DEER (Capreolus Capreolus L.) FROM THE CENTRAL REGION OF KOSOVO AND METOHIJA ....... 151 Nata{a Jovi} TERIOFAUNISTI^KA ISTRA@IVAWA SPECIJALNOG REZERVATA PRIRO- DE œLUDA[KO JEZEROŒ TERIOFAUNISTICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE SPECIAL NATURAL RESERVA- TION “LUDA[KO JEZERO” ......................................................... 159 Nata{a Pil, Vida Stoj{i} STRI@IBUBE (COLEOPTERA: CERAMBYCIDAE) SA BIONOMIJSKOM PRE- FERENCOM ZA UGRO@ENE BUKOVE [UME NA FRU[KOJ GORI LONGHORN BEETLE FAUNA (COLEOPTERA, CERAMBYCIDAE) WITH BIONO- MIC PREFERENCE FOR MENACED BEECH ASSOCIATIONS ON FRU[KA GORA . 165 Jovan Romeli}, Nedeqko Kova~ev TURISTI^KA VALORIZACIJA OP[TINE MAJDANPEK U KONTEKSTU ZA- [TITE @IVOTNE SREDINE TOURIST VALORISATION IN THE AREA OF MAJDANPEK DISTRICT IN CONTECST OF ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION ................................... 173 Dragan Momirovi} ODR@IVI RAZVOJ TURIZMA U NP œ\ERDAPŒ SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN NACIONAL PARK “DJERDAP” . 189 ZA[TITA PRIRODE Br. 59/1–2 strana 5–17 Beograd, 2008 UDK: 551.435.76(497.113) PROTECTION OF NATURE & 59/1–2 page 5–17 Belgrade, 2008 Scientific paper MILAN KO[]AL1, QUBOMIR MENKOVI]2, MIRJANA KNE@EVI]3 KAKO JE TITELSKI BREG IZ SREMA DOPLOVIO U BA^KU Izvod: Morfogeneza Titelskog brega, u relevantnoj literaturi ranijih istra`iva~a inter- pretirana je na dva na~ina. Jedni su smatrali da je Dunav odvojio Titelski breg od Sremskog lesnog platoa prosecawem vrata svog meandra (Wolf, Halavats, Gorjanovi}, Cviji}, Laskarev i autori ovog ra- da), dok su drugi zauzeli stav da je Titelski breg oduvek bio izolovan, sa sli~nom morfogenezom kao Sremski lesni plato (Milojevi}, Markovi}-Marjanovi} i Bukurov). U ovom radu smo poku{ali da prezentujemo dovoqno detaqa i informacija koji razotkrivaju poreklo, razvoj i geomorfolo{ke veze u ovom podru~ju, a koje ozna~avaju kako je Titelski breg odvojen od Sremskog lesnog platoa. Kqu~ne re~i: morfogeneza, Sremski lesni plato, Titelski breg, Srbija. Abstract: The morphogenesis of Titelski breg, in the relevant literature of earlier invesigators, was in- terpreted on two different ways. One group considered that Danube separated Titelski breg from the Srem loess plateau by cutting across its meander neck (Wolf, Halavats, Gorjanovic, Cvijic, Laskarev, as autors of this ar- ticle), whilst another group took a stand that Titelski breg had been always isolated, with similar morphogene- sis as Srem loess plateau (Milojevic, Markovic-Marjanovic and Bukurov). So, in this article, we try to present sufficiant details and informations to accurately depict the origin, development and geomorphologic relationships in the area, that designate how was Titelski breg separated from Srem loess plateau. Key words: morphogenesis, Srem loess plateau, Titelski breg mound, Serbia Titelski breg predstavqa uzvi{icu koja se, nedaleko od u{}a Tise u Dunav, uzdi`e oko 40 — 50 metara iznad okolnog ni`eg terena podru~ja [ajka{ke. Wegova topografska po- vr{ina, oblika elepse (17×7 km) predstavqa zatalasanu zaravan, sa mno{tvom karakteri- sti~nih lesnih oblika — predolicama ili lesnim vrta~ama, dolinama, lesnim piramidama, vise}im dolinama, surducima, itd. Prema ni`em zemqi{tu wegove granice izra`ene su str- mim odsecima, mestimi~no i blagim padinama, visine 30 do 40 metara. 1 Milan Ko{}al, dipl. in`. geologije, Durmitorska 2, 11000 Beograd 2 Dr Qubomir Menkovi}, Zaplawska 72, 11000 Beograd 3 Mirjana Kne`evi}, dipl. in`. geologije, [anti}eva 7, 11000 Beograd 6 Milan Ko{}al, Qubomir Menkovi}, Mirjana Kne`evi} Titelski breg je oduvek izazivao pa`wu istra`iva~a razli~itih nau~nih i stru~nih disciplina, pa je i prilikom sistematskog geomorfolo{kog kartirawa Vojvodine, wemu, odnosno wegovoj morfogenezi, bila posve}ena posebna pa`wa. Rezultati tih istra`ivawa — ~iji je prevashodni zadatak bio genetska klasifikacija i izdvajawe reqefa prema genetskom tipu i stvorenim oblicima u reqefu sa aspekta nastan- ka (geneze) i razvitka (morfolo{ke evolucije) — kori{}eni su u ovom ~lanku, zajedno sa re- zultatima drugih istra`iva~a koji su se bavili ovom problematikom. U materijalnom smislu Titelski breg je, van svake sumwe, nastao akumulacijom eolske pra{ine, dakle, eolskim procesom, me|utim wegova morfolo{ka evolucija iskqu~ivo je ve- zana za fluvijalni proces, odnosno delovawe najve}ih re~nih tokova na teritoriji Vojvodi- ne — Dunava i Tise. Geomorfolo{ki procesi, generalno, ispoqavaju svoje dejstvo najuspe- {nije u klimatskim uslovima koji su za wihov razvoj optimalni. Dva pomenuta geomorfolo- {ka procesa to su bila u stawu u uslovima suve (tople ili hladne) klime — eolski; ili u uslovima vla`ne i tople klime — fluvijalni. Autori ovog rada detaqno analiziraju klimu i klimatske promene tokom kvartara, ko- je su imale zna~ajan uticaj na razvoj i intenzitet geomorfolo{kih procesa kojima je formi- ran Titelski breg u materijanom smislu i kao geomorfolo{ki oblik dana{weg izgleda. Kako su raniji istra`iva~i videli ovaj problem Izolovana uzvi{ica u vidu usamqenog lesnog platoa sa svih strana ograni~enih odse- cima, lesna zaravan Titelskog brega, predstavqala je u pro{losti, ali i danas, predmet in- teresovawa brojnih istra`iva~a, posebno geologa i geomorfologa. Po~ev od 19. veka, skoro svi istra`iva~i Panonskog basena u svojim radovima pomiwu Titelski breg kao veoma inte- resantan morfolo{ki oblik jugoisto~ne Ba~ke, na prostoru izme|u Dunava i Tise. Prvi podaci nalaze se u radovima inostranih istra`iva~a, a jedan od wih je H. Wolf (1879), koji je smatrao da je „lesna zaravan Titelskog brega stajala u vezi sa sremskom, ~iji su sedimenti iste debqine“. J. Halaváts (1897) navodi da je Dunav obilazio Titelski breg sa severa, preko Mo{ori- na, „pre vremena koje nije tako dugo“ i da je docnije, probijaju}i uzanu prepreku zemqi{ta, iz- me|u Loka i Titela, svoj tok usmerio ka jugoistoku. Kao dokaz navodi „{iroko barovito korito kod Vilova i Mo{orina“, kao i slankamenske lesne profile koji su sli~ni titelskim. D. Gorjanovi} (1921) zastupa tezu da je Dunav tekao „od Vilova i Mo{orina, pak mu je ovdje u blizini utjecala Tisa. Kasnije je Dunav prodro onaj diluvijalni les izme|u Loka i Titela“. J. Cviji} (1926) bele`i: „Dunavsko korito predstavqa vrstu probojnice kroz les. Ti- telski Breg je nesumwivo bio celina sa Sremskim lesnim plo~ama. Di`e se lesnim odseci- ma do 40 metara visokim; naro~ito je jednostavan i visok lesni odsek kod Vilova. Ispod od- seka su mrtvaje i stara re~i{ta Tise. I [ajka{ki Ritovi nisu ni{ta drugo do re~i{ta Tise od Mo{orina preko Vilova do wenog dana{weg u{}a.
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