Human Systems

CONSEJERÍA DE EDUCACIÓN Dirección General de Participación e Innovación Educativa Identificación del material AICLE

TÍTULO Human systems

NIVEL LINGÜÍSTICO A1.2 SEGÚN MCER

IDIOMA Inglés

ÁREA / MATERIA Conocimiento del Medio Natural, Social y Cultural

Aspectos básicos sobre los diferentes aparatos del ser humano, los órganos NÚCLEO TEMÁTICO que los componen y cómo funcionan.

Secuencia didáctica que describe los diferentes aparatos que conforman el ser humano, destacando el aparato digestivo, respiratorio, circulatorio, reproductor GUIÓN TEMÁTICO y digestivo, así como sus órganos y las funciones y procesos que desarrollan en el ser humano.

FORMATO PDF

CORRESPONDENCIA 4º de Educación Primaria CURRICULAR

AUTORÍA Miguel Ángel Cabo Sánchez.

TEMPORALIZACIÓN 7-8 sesiones APROXIMADA

- Aprender a aprender: los alumnos/as trabajan de forma autónoma en múlti- ples de las actividades a lo largo de la unidad. - Competencia lingüística: los alumnos/as interactúan de forma oral y escrita en diversidad de actividades. Se integran todas las destrezas en las diferentes actividades. También se presenta el proyecto de forma oral. - Competencia en el conocimiento e interacción con el mundo físico: los alum- nos/as conocen y descubren su cuerpo y funcionamiento de este. COMPETENCIAS - Competencia digital y tratamiento de la información: los alumnos/as hacen BÁSICAS uso de las TIC para ampliar información en torno al ser humano y sus carac- terísticas. - Competencia cultural y artística: los alumnos/as realizan un proyecto sobre un aparato humano usando diferentes materiales de reciclado u otros. Fo- mento de la creatividad. - Autonomía e iniciativa personal: los alumnos/as investigan y eligen el aparato que desean para llevar a cabo su proyecto.

Todas las imágenes se encuentran bajo la licencia “Creative Commons” OBSERVACIONES

Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems 3 Tabla de programación AICLE

1. Conocer las principales características y órganos de los diferentes aparatos del ser humano 2. Diferenciar los aparatos del cuerpo humano (digestivo, respiratorio, circulatorio, OBJETIVOS excretor y reproductor) y conocer cómo funcionan 3. Relacionar los aparatos del cuerpo humano con el desarrollo de las funciones vitales 4. Valorar la importancia de cuidar nuestro cuerpo y llevar una vida saludable

- Los aparatos del cuerpo humano - El aparato digestivo: características, órganos y funciones CONTENIDOS - El aparato respiratorio: características, órganos y funciones DE - El aparato circulatorio: características, órganos y funciones CURSO / CICLO - El aparato excretor: características, órganos y funciones - El aparato reproductor: características, órganos y funciones - Cuidado y mantenimiento de nuestros aparatos, para tener una buena salud

TEMA El ser humano y los diferentes aparatos que lo conforman

- Clasificar los aparatos del ser humano MODELOS - Describir las funciones de los diferentes aparatos y su importancia DISCURSIVOS - Diferenciar los órganos de los distintos aparatos - Enumerar acciones de vida saludable

- Localización de diferentes órganos en distintos diagramas de los aparatos del ser humano - Conceptualización a través de la lectura y comprensión de oraciones TAREAS - Escucha activa en la composición de textos escritos - Clasificación y discriminación de los órganos en los diferentes aparatos - Escritura de textos a través de imágenes

FUNCIONES: ESTRUCTURAS: - Comparar y clasificar atendiendo - Digestion is the process… The most a diferentes características important are… - Describir fases de un proceso - Food enters.. The urine goes to the - Definir funciones bladder CONTENIDOS - Dar razones para convencer a - The food is divided… It is composed LINGÜÍSTICOS alguien sobre la importancia de algo of… - Do exercise, brush your teeth…

LÉXICO: Digestive, circulatory, respiratory, excretory and reproductive system; organs: heart, stomach, intestine, vessels, arteries, do exercise, brush

- Conoce las características de cada aparato y los órganos que lo componen - Distingue entre los diferentes aparatos del ser humano y sabe cómo funcionan CRITERIOS DE - Relaciona los aparatos y las funciones vitales del ser humano EVALUACIÓN - Conoce y valora las diferentes acciones a adoptar para llevar una vida saludable y cuidar de su cuerpo

4 Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems 5 1.- Have a look at these words and predict what it is the unit about.

MAIN LANGUAGE

digestive faeces blood ovaries circulatory expel (verb) heart uterus excretory mix (verb) blood vessels vagina

reproduction oxygen arteries testes respiratory breathe capillaries penis digestion carbon dioxide veins prostate esophagus trachea waste breasts stomach bronchial tubes kidneys softer voice small intestine lungs bladder wide hips large intestine inhalation urethra brush your teeth anus expiration urine do exercise

What are you going to study?

2.- Find the words. You can use your dictionary or a computer.

1. SYSTEMS OF THE BODY

The systems of the body enable us to perform vital functions. We use the systems of the body in order to process substances from our environment as either nutritional or waste products. Our bodies are nutritious if we eat healthy and have a balanced and complete diet.

The five body systems are the:

1. Digestive System. 2. Circulatory System 3. Respiratory system. 4. Excretory System. 5. Reproduction System

6 Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems · The body systems enable us to perform vital functions. · There are five body systems: the Digestive System, Circulatory System, Respiratory System, Excretory System and Reproduction System.

1.1. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Human beings need energy to live. We eat food to get energy. When we eat, our body digests the food and produces energy. Digestion is the process by which food substances are changed into nutritional substances that our body needs.

Living things eat food in order to get energy. Our body digests the food.

Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems 7 1.1.1 Organs of the Digestive System

The digestive system is made up of six organs, they are the:

1. Mouth: food enters our body through our mouth. 2. Oesophagus: a long tube between our mouth and the stomach. 3. Stomach: it is like a bag and it secretes gastric juice, the stomach receives food from the oesophagus and mixes it with this gastric juice. 4. Intestine: a long tube. It is composed of two parts: - Small intestine: it is about seven metres long. The small intestine absorbs the nutritional substances. - Large intestine: it is about one metre and a half long. It takes the bad substances from our body. 5. Anus: it is at the end of the large intestine. Faeces are eliminated through the anus.

8 Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems 1.1.2 Stages of digestion

1.Digestion begins in the mouth. Our teeth cut and chew the food. Our tongue mixes the food with saliva. 2.Then the food goes down the oesophagus and goes into the stomach. 3.In the stomach, the food is mixed with a liquid (gastric juice). 4.In the small intestine, the food is divided into nutritional substances that our body needs. 5.The parts of food that we do not need go into the When we eat we do the large intestine. They are transformed into faeces digestion process. It takes about 2 hours! and they are expelled through the anus. After eating, we must wait two hours before doing physical activities. Our digestion takes time!

· Digestion is the process by which food substances are changed into nutritional substances that our body needs. · The most important organs are: mouth, oesophagus, stomach, intestine (small and large intestine) and anus. · The digestion process has different stages from the mouth to the anus. It takes about 2 hours!

Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems 9 ACTIVITIES

3.- Label the parts of the digestive system.

4.- Read and write.

a) Food circulates through this from the mouth to the stomach. ______b) Our teeth are in this. ______c) In this part the food is mixed with a liquid called gastric juice. ______d) Faeces are expelled through this. ______e) The food is divided into nutritional substances that our body needs. ______

1.2. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

All living things need oxygen to live, without oxygen we cannot survive more than few minutes. Thanks to our Respiratory System we get oxygen from the air. When we breathe, our body takes oxygen that we need to live and eliminates carbon dioxide that we don´t need. The Respiratory System is the system that takes oxygen (essential for our lives) and eliminates carbon dioxide (we don´t need it).

10 Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems 1.2.1. Organs of the Respiratory System

The Respiratory System is composed of: nose, nostrils, trachea, bronchial tube and lungs (right and left). Air enters our body through our nose and mouth. It goes through the nostrils. It goes down through the trachea and bronchial tubes and into the lungs. Finally, oxygen goes into our blood.

1.2.2. Breathing

There are two movements that go along with breathing: 1. Inhalation: our lungs fill with air, we take oxygen from the atmosphere. 2. Exhaling: air leaves our lungs, giving off carbon dioxide.

Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems 11 · The Respiratory System is the system that takes oxygen (necessary in our lives) and eliminates carbon dioxide (we do not need it). · The Respiratory System organs are: nostrils, mouth, trachea, bronchial tubes and lungs. · There are two movements when we breathe: inspiration and expiration.

5.- Label the parts of the Respiratory System.

12 Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems · How does our Respiratory System work? Explain the process. ______

6.- Read and match.

· It is the gas that we breathe · Carbon dioxide · There are two in our body · Expiration · The process through which our · Oxygen lungs fill with air · Lungs · When air leaves our lungs · Inhalation · A gas that we eliminate from our body

7.- Write. Listen and check.

Air enters our body through our …………… and mouth. It …………… through the nostrils. It goes down through the ……………and after goes to the ……………and into the ……………. Finally, oxygen goes to our……………. When we breathe, we can differentiate two ……………: inhalation, our lungs …………… with air, we take oxygen from the atmosphere and ……………, air leaves our lungs, giving off carbon dioxide.

8.- Look and write.

Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems 13 1.3.CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

Blood is a very important red liquid in our body, it is red and carries oxygen and nutrients to different parts of our body. Blood goes around our body, this is called circulation. The Circulatory System is responsible for blood circulation.

The main organ of this system is our heart, the Heart is an involuntary muscle. It pumps blood around our body and it is between our two lungs. Blood circulate around our body inside what are called blood vessels. There are three types of blood vessels: arteries, veins and capillaries. · Arteries: they take the blood from our heart to the rest of our body. · Veins: take the blood from our body back to the heart. · Capillaries: connect the veins and arteries.

14 Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems heart

arteries (red)

veins (blue)

· Blood carries oxygen and nutrients to different parts of our body. · The Circulatory System is responsible for blood circulation. · The Circulatory System organs are: heart and blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries).

ACTIVITIES

9.- Complete this outline.

Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems 15 10.- Answer these questions.

a) What does blood carry? ______. b) What is “circulation”? ______. c) What is the main organ in the Circulatory System?______. d) What is the function of the heart? ______. e) Where is our heart? ______. f) What bones protect our heart? ______. g) What are the three types of blood vessels?______. h) What is the function of our arteries? ______.

11.- Find the circulatory organs.

1.4. EXCRETORY SYSTEM

Excretion is the process through which we clean our blood and eliminate waste from our body. The organs are the kidneys, the bladder, and the urethra. The kidneys clean our blood and make the urine. The urine now goes to the bladder, where it is stored and is later expelled from the urethra.

16 Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems 1.5. REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

All living things can reproduce. Reproduction is the process through which living things produce other living things with similar characteristics. The Reproductive System is a set of organs which allow us to reproduce. Men and women have different reproductive organs. The female reproductive system is made up of: ovaries, uterus, and vagina. The male reproductive system is made up of: penis, testes, and prostate.

Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems 17 1.5.1. Differences between men and women

Other differences between sexes:

WOMEN

· Women also have breasts, a softer voice, less hair, and wider hips than men.

MEN

· Men have a stronger voice, more hair, and Members of a family have a wider chest than women. similar characteristics

· Excretion is the process through which we clean our blood and eliminate waste from our body. · The organs of our Excretory System are: the kidneys, bladder and urethra. · Reproduction is the process through which living things produce other living things with similar characteristics. · The female reproductive system is composed of these organs: ovaries, uterus, and vagina. The male reproductive system is composed of these organs: penis, testes, and prostate.

ACTIVITIES

12.- Label, write and colour.

18 Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems 13.- Find reproductive organs.

Djacdajlnfjkdnjkpenisaskfpjfipqpmdndhavaginamajdgcbf fgwtdfsvuterusmnshakiafaobladderkddkdnbdhewtwrada jotestesnbcvxdaswqghdlggnfjprostatemfnhydwretsgbcv fhnjmskshnbgterwdafgshgbdgcfvxmljoplgjovariesnfhds hsfsbcgftsysmjdndkidneymnfhyrthenbdhjzthdjlrpoyjfn

______

14.- Listen and tick the correct answer. What is it? a) □ Kidneys □ Ovaries b) □ Excretion □ Reproduction c) □ Men □ Women d) □ Bladder □ Teste e) □ Penis □ Vagina f) □ Urine □ Uterus

Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems 19 20 Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems ACTIVITIES

15.- Complete.

16.- Classify these organs.

oesophagus, penis, veins, stomach anus, kidneys, uterus, testes, trachea, prostate, capillaries, heart, mouth, bladder, arteries, nostrils, intestine, bronchial tubes, lungs, ovaries, vagina

Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems 21 17.- Listen and number the digestive process.

The parts of food that we do not need go into the large intestine.

The food goes down the oesophagus and goes to the stomach.

Digestion begins in the mouth. Our teeth cut and chew the food.

They are transformed into faeces and they are expelled through the anus.

In the stomach, the food is mixed with a liquid (gastric juice).

In the small intestine, the food is divided into nutritional substances that our body needs.

 Our tongue mixes the food with saliva.

18.- Solve this crossword puzzle.

22 Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems 19.- Order the sentences. How do you digest a pear?

The parts of the pear that my body does not need go to large intestine. Then the food goes into the small intestine. The pear, mixed with saliva, goes down the oesophagus. I chew the pear in my mouth. At last, the faeces are expelled through the anus. In my stomach, the pear is mixed with gastric juice.

20.- Match.

1. Faeces are expelled. a) digestion 2. A long tube composed of two parts. b) arteries 3. It takes about two hours. c) oxygen 4. A gas that we need to live. d) kidneys 5. They take the blood from our heart e) penis to the rest of our body. f) anus 6. They clean our blood and make the g) bladder urine. h) intestine 7. Where the urine is stored. 8. An organ of the male reproductive system.

21.- Find the digestive organs.

S V G H J K M L P O M N B H M Y B V F C D X Z S A R E W A S A I J N B V C D R E M P L A R G E I N T E S T I N E L F D T R E W X S A B V N H I Y T G H E J V C D A Q E R N V C X Z S G G H L P O I N T M B F M O U T H C X D S W E A Q D F P G B O P G T T F S C X B G H D G K L I U O N T F Y T D A W F V A D G M M I V C N M G Y T E D G T A K N I P G E U T G D G H Q C W E W I B F S I M B V F D H R

Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems 23 22.- How can you take care of your systems? Look at the pictures and write.

______

______

______

______

______

23.- Read and tick the correct answer.

a) The process by which food substances are changed into nutritional substances is… □ circulation □ digestion

b) The movements of breathing are… □ inhalation and exhaling □ exhaling and excretion

c) Digestion begins in the… □ heart □ mouth

d) Kidneys are organs of the… □ Reproduction System □ Excretory System

e) The main organ in the Circulatory System is our… □ arteries □ heart

24 Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems 24.- Play BINGO!! Stick 3, listen to the teacher and complete the chart.

25.- Think of an organ, don’t tell anyone what it is. Take turns and ask questions with a partner. Try to guess his/her organ. Look at the example.

- Is it in the circulatory system? - No it isn´t. - Is it in the digestive system? - Yes, it is. - Is it a long tube? -No, it isn´t - Does it receive food and secret gastric juice? - Yes, it does. - Is the stomach? - Yes, it is! Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems 25 26.- Sing this song.

Human systems (Clementine song tune) There are five systems, There are five systems, There are five systems, in the human being,

reproduction, circulatory, respiratory excretory and digestive.

27.- Make a project.

1. Choose a body system and draw it on poster board. 2. Use different recycling materials to make the organs. 3. Label and write its parts. 4. Decorate it. 5. Tell your classmates about it.

28.- What can you do? Cross X.

Hello!! My friends!! Read and tick.

SELF-ASSESSMENT Read and write a cross

I can recognize words and expressions related to the different systems in the Human Being

I can read information about our five systems and understand the most important information

I can speak about the different systems and how to take care of them

I can talk to my classmates about the different systems

I can write and make projects about our systems

26 Material AICLE. 4º de Primaria: Human Systems