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Numerous Factors of the Education Process Were Analyzed Statistically In DOCUMENT RESUME ED 025 365 24 RC 003 112 By- Goldblatt. Phyllis K. Education in Relation to Social and Economic Change in Mexico. Chicago Univ.. Ill. Spons Agency- Office of Education (DHEW). Washington. D.0 Bureau of Research Report No- CRP- S-008 Bureau No- BR-5-8266 Pub Date Jun 68 Contract- OEC-4- 10-100 Grant- OEG- 3- 6500-00- 3637 Note-460p iw F /, 73 i4. C,13.10 60.-Descriptors-C,ultural Factors. Diffusion Economic Deve:opment. Economic Factors. Educational CNange. t 1 *International Education Rural Environment. Rural Urban Differences. Social Change. Social Development. Social Factors Identifiers- *Mexico Numerous factors of the education process were analyzed statisticallyin relation to variables relating to social and economic change factors during the period 1930-1960 in Mexico. Major findings included the following: (1) from 1940 to1960 general economic and social conditions became more favorable, but post-primary schooling of adults did not improve (2) little indication was shown fordifferential growth indices between the several Mexican states; (3) the stability of relationships depended to a large extent on lack of an identification with the Federal state. and(4) the areas lagging behind national rdices showed a larger change component over the twenty-year span. All educational variables were related to the amount of change on the social and economic ndices by using multiple correlation statistical analysis UM) R6-T616,6 PP Cgt9s-408. Cs&13g. FINAL REPCRT Project No. S-008 Grant No. 3-65oo-oo-3637 1 0E-4-10-1.00 Research EDUCATION IN REATION 113 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CHAIM IN 10=00 E D07.5365 June 1968 U. S. DEPARTMIT OF EDUCATI3N, AND WELFARE Office of Education %Mail of Research 1 410414-1.i&s.* Castoecar FINAL REPORT Project No.5.008 Grant No. 3-6500-00-3637 MN OE-14-10-100Research EDUCATION IN RELATION TO SOCIAL AND ECONOKIC CHANGE IN 141=00 Phyllis K. Goldblatt University of Chl.,ago Chicago, Illinois June1968 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. EDUCATION A WElfARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION TINS DOCIMEM NAS DIII REPIODUCED EMILY AS RECEIVED FROM TNE PINSON OR ONAINZATION OINANIATINA IT.POINTS OF VIEW 01 OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSAIRY 1E11E1E10 OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION POSITION 01 POUCY. The research reported hereinwasperformed pursuant to a contract with the Office of Education, U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Contractors undertaking such projects under Government sponsorship are encouraged to express freely their professional judgment in the conduct of the project. Points of view or opinions stated do not, therefore, necessarily represent official Officeof Education, position or policy. U. S, DM'ARTI4 OF lEALTIT, EDUCATION, AND WETYARE Office of Educatim Bureau of Research I am indebted to the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Office of Education, for the funds which supported this project. The members af my committee, Professors C. ArnolTi Anderson, Chairman, Mary. Jean Bowman, and Phillip Foster have been =unfailing source of sound advice and encouragement.In particular, I am indebted to Professor Mary Jean Bowman who gave so generously of her time, for her counsel and her interest. I also appreciate the talents Roger LeCompte and Gerald Pyle expended on the maps and diagrams. My husband and children stand out as major contributors to the com- pletion of this work.Their support, understanding, and good humor were un- diminished to the end, ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWAEDGMENTS . .. ..*.. ii LIST OF TABLES iV LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS P . Viii Chapter I MISODUCTION 1 IL THE SOCIO-CULTURAL GEOGRAPHY OFIMI00 .. III. EDUCATIONAL ATTAIN/MS AND THESOCIO-ECONOMIC STRUCTURE: THE SITUATION IN 1960 IV. STABILITY AND CHANGE OM TIM: 1940AND 1960 OOMPARED 0 0 146 V. LEVELS OF ADULT SCHOOLING ASINFLUENCES ON THE SCHOOLING OF YOUTH 204, VI. DETEMINANTS OF THE DIFFUSION OFPRIMARY SCIEOLING 263 VII. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 310 APPENDICES A. GLOSSARY .. 328 B. CORREIATION MATRICES . .. 353 C. PARAMETERS OF RB3RESSION EQUATIONS 4147 BIBIIOGRAPHY 149' LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1. Inventory of Variables Used 29 2. Variables Constructed as Ratios or Differences of Table 1 Variables 38 3. Factors Describing Modernization, Agriculture, and Cultural Characteristics ofMAXiC0 53 4. Correlations of Variables Describing Population Distribution . 73 S. Correlations between Urbanization and Occupation Variables, 1940 and 1960 77 6. Correlations between Urbanization and Agriculture Variables lb 0 0 81 7. Correlations between Urbanization and Industrialization Variables 86 8. Correlations between Proportions of Males Walking Barefoot and in Agriculture and Urbanization Variables 99 9. Correlations between Urbanization Variables and Variables Relating to Transportation, Communication, and Facilities, 1960 106 10. Correlations between the Proportions of Males Walking Barefoot andinApiculture and Transportation Variables 107 U. Correlations between Communication Variables and Characteristics of Agriculture 108 12. Distributions of Literacy Rates by Age, Sex, and Residence, 1960 0 00 115 13. Distribution of Levels of Schooling of the Adult Population by Sex, 1960 119 14. Distribution of the Proportions of Males and Females Who Were Economically Active, 1960 122 iv LIST OF TABLES--Continued Table Page 15, Correlations of Marriage and Fertility Rates of Females, 1960, with Variables Relating to Education, Occupations, and Urbanization 124 16, Distributions of the Economically Active Population Within Sex and Occupation Categories, 1960 127 Correlations between Occupations and Variables Relating to Literacy and Schooling, 1960 129 Correlations of Indices of Income and Development with Variables Relating to Literacy and Schooling, 1960 134 Correlatione of Indices of Agricultural Development Education and Other 1960 Variables Showing the Highest Zero-order Correlations with Literacy ID+, No School.;_ng, and 7+ Years of Schooling . 144 24, Median 1940 and 1960 Values and Intertemporal Correlations; Selected Variables 149 25, Selected 1940 Zero-order Correlations 153 26. Selected 1960 Zero-order Correlations 155 27, Correlations of Variables Measuring Change with Selected 1940 Variables and with 1960 Sex Differences in Literacy 161 28. Intercorrelations of Change Variables among Themselves 165 29, Selected Factors witn One or More High Loadings on Change Variables 168 30. Indices of Intensity of Life-time In-migration; States with Net In-migration, 1960 183 LIST OF TABLES.,-Continned Table Page 31. Extent oi Out-migration andMajor Destinations of Out- migrants; States with Net Out-migration, 1960 . 184 32, Distribution of In-migrantsfrom States with Various Proportions of Population Engagedin Agriculture 196 33. Correlations of Male In-migrationRates with Other Variables 199 34. Comparisons of Literacy Rates by Age:Mexico and Iran 213 35. Distributions of Literacy Rates: Mexico and Iran Compared 216 36. Correlations among Literacy Rates in States of Mexico and Districts of Iran. 217 37. Correlations between Literacy of Youth and Levels of Adult Schooling, 1960 230 38. Factors with High loadings on Literacy and Schooling of Youth 231 39. Distributions of Intergeneration Gains in Literacyby Age, Sex, and Residence 243 40. Correlations between Adult Levels of Schooling andAge Differences in Literacy, 1960 244 41. Correlations of Urbanization, with TimeDifferences in Literacy of Youth, amiwith School EnrollmentRates, 1930to 1960 246 42. Distributions of Enrollment Rates, 1930to 1960 247 43. Correlations between Enrollment of Youth and Adult Levels of Schooling . 249 44. Correlations between Enrollment of Youth and Adult Literacy in Mexico and Iran * 250 45. Distributions of Rural and Urban Continuation Rates, 1960 and1942 252 46. Correlations between 1940 and 1960 Education-of-youth Variables 253 47. Intercerrelations between Schooling of Children and Middle Levels of Schooling of Adults 1930 to 1950 254 vi LIST OF TABLES--Continued Table Page 48. Intercorrelations between Schooling of Children and Middle Levels of Schooling of Adults, 1960 256 49. Associations between Age-grade Patterns and Selected Indicators of Lead and Lag in Modernisation 259 5o. Illustrative Correlations of Enrollment Rates and of Child Employment with Selected. Variables, 1960 273 51. Illustrative Correlations of Enrollment Rates and Child Literacy with Selected Variables, 1930 to 1940 282 52. Multiple Regression Analysis, Set 1 Dependent Variabler Enrollment Rate, 1937 T . ****** 288 53. Multiple Regression Analysis, Sot 2' Dependent Variables Enrollment Rate, 1960 T 294 54. Multiple Regression Analysis, Set 3 Dependent Variable: Urban Enrollment, 1960 . 295 55. Multiple Regression Analysis,Set 4 Dependent Varieble: Rural Enrollment, 1960 . .. 304 56. Federal District Enrollment i'rediction Tests 306 57. Correlatioiv Matrix: Population, Transportation, Utilities and Communication Variables against Themselves, Each Other, and Selected Other Variables . 353 58. Correlation Matrix: Occupational and Economic Characteristics against Population, Transportation, Utility and Communication, and Selected Other Variables . 363 59. Correlation Matrix: CUltural Attributes by-Demographic, Transportation, Utility and Communication Variables; by Occupational and Economic Characteristics; by Literacy Rates, Youth Employment, and Enrollment; and Population Wilking Barefoot Variables against Themselves . 370 vii LIST CI TABLES--Continued Page Table 60. Correlation Matrix:Occupational and Economic Characteristics against Thous lves, BachOther,against AdultEducationalAttainmentsandagainst
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