Water Resources Research in the Lower Basin, 1972-1976

Authors Cooper, E. Nathan; Lyon, Donna K.; Decook, K. James; Foster, Kennith E.; Lybeck, Lynn; Valencia, Mercy A.; Scherer, Charles R.; Dracup, John A.; Chan, Martin; Jacobsen, Nancy

Publisher Research Institute, University of System (, NV)

Download date 05/10/2021 16:24:48

Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/305520 Water Resources Research

in the Lower Colorado RiverBasin,

1972 -1976

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Prepared for BUREAU OF RECLAMATION and the OFFICE OF WATER RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY U. S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Bythe UNIVERSITY OF , UNIVERSITY OF , , and the UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA

AUGUST 1976 Price $5.00

Published by

Desert research Institute University of Nevada System 4582 Maryland Parkway T.as Vegas, Nevada 89109 WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH IN THE LOWER BASIN 1972 - 1976

Compiled and Edited by

Investigators Technical Staff

Desert Research Institute.

E. Nathan Cooper Donna K. Lyon

University of Arizona

K. James DeCook Lynn Lybeck Kennith E. Foster Mercy A. Valencia

University. of California at Los Angeles

Charles R. Scherer Martin Chan John A. Dracup Nancy Jacobsen

August 1976

The work upon which this report is based was supported in part by the Department of the Interior, Office of Water Research and Technology as authorized under the Water Resources Research Act of 1964, as amended, Grant No. 14 -31- 0001 -5262 (Nevada X -151), theBureauof Reclamation, and the States of Arizona, California and Nevada. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The successful compilation of this report depended upon the cooperation of the principal investigators and project leaders who contributed their time in reply- ing to our requests for data.

The time and effort expended toward organizing and advising the project by the directors of the state. Water Resource Centers, Sol Resnick in Arizona, J. Herbert Snyder in California and George B. Maxey in Nevada, is appreciated.

Manuel Lopez Jr., chairman of the Tower Colorado River Management Program Coordinating Committee, members of that committee and staff of the Lower Colorado Region office of the Bureau of Reclamation were instrumentai in formulating and supporting this work.

The work of the many people involved in this initial effort is gratefully acknowledged and appreciated and the support of the funding agencies must be recog- nized with sincere appreciation.

iì1 ABSTRACT

Current and recent research (1972 -1976) concerning water resources in the

Lower Colorado River Basin is abstracted and compiled into a bibliography. Data . were gathered by contacting research personnel and requesting information via questionnaire. The report is indexed by principal investigator, keyword and funding source. In addition, the project descriptions are contained in a computerized data file and easily accessed by contacting the Office of Arid Lands Studies, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ. The information can be retrieved by keyword, principal investigator, state, funding source and geographic location.

iv CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

ABSTRACT iv

INTRODUCTION 1

OBJECTIVES 3

ME'ÍHODOUOGY 3

SCOPE OF STUDY 5

DATA RETRIEVAL 7

KEYWORD INDEX 162

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS INDEX 177

FUNDING AGENCY INDEX 183

FIGURES

1. Lower Colorado River Basin Drainage Sub -areas 2

2. Questionnaire 4

v INTRODUCTION

The Colorado River is a vital part of past and continuing development in the southwestern United States and a portion of . Owing to its importance, many studies and research efforts have been undertaken concerned with the Colorado River Basin resources, in particular the water resources. Such research is conducted by governmental agencies, private individuals, businesses and members of the university community. Attention to the dissemination of information about current projects or the results of past research has often been inadequate. This imperfect knowledge affects those involved with the Colorado River Basin to the extent that research may be duplicated, overlooked or unknown to those involved in pertinent decision - making processes or in planning and executing further research.

Recognizing the insufficiency of technology transfer and the resultant po- tential for research duplication, the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado Region, requested that agencies and universities involved with research in the Lower Colorado River Basin address this problem. The intent was to increase the coordination of research and exchange of research information for the Lower Colo- rado River Rasin.

Two advisory groups became involved with the discussion: the Lower Colorado River Management Program Coordinating Committee (hereinafter cited as Coordinating Committee), representing federal and state agencies in the Lower Colorado River Basin having management or regulatory responsibilities of the river system, and the Consortium of Water Institutes and Centers (CWIC), composed of the seven state Water Resources Institutes with interests in the Colorado River Basin.

After lengthy correspondence and discussion, the Coordinating Committee asked the Water Resources Centers of Arizona, California and Nevada to submit a proposal dealing with research information and dissemination in the Lower Colorado River Basin.The three centers formulated a proposal and agreed to work as an informal consortium within the context of the CWIC. The scope of the first year's effort was limited to the three lower states of the Colorado River Basin shown by the map in Figure 1. 2. Colorado1. River above Parker DamLittle Colorado RiverDRAINAGE BASIN INDEX 4. 6.5.3.Upper Son PedroGila River River SulphurBill Williams Spring River Valley 10. Colorado9.8. 7.Lower River Gila below River Parker DamSaltSanta River Cruz River 13.12.II. SouthMexican Coastal drainage

16.15.14.17. UpperLower Lower MeadowWhite Meadow River Valley Wiley Wash Wash 19.18. Las Vegas Wash Figure I. Lower Colorado River Basin drainage sub -areas OBJECTIVES

The objective of the proposal was to create a regional research information dissemination program. The project has culminated in an extensive bibliography of research projects and personnel involved in water resources research in the lower basin. Financial support was obtained fran the Office of Water Research and Technology (OWRT), the Bureau of Reclamation and the states of Arizona, Calif - ornia and Nevada.

METHODOLOGY

The initial task was to identify the research community currently involved with water resources of the Lower Colorado River Basin. A listing of people, organizations and agencies potentially sponsoring or engaged in research work was compiled. Those listed were contacted by mail as to the extent of their involve- ment with research in the lower basin and were asked whether they knew of any other pertinent research work being done. A total of 1,019 requests were mailed in this first phase, with a response of 557 or approximately 55 percent.Of those who responded, 114 (20 percent of the replies) either were conducting research themselves or referred us to. others.

Those who responded affirmatively to the initial research information re- quest were then contacted a second time for more detailed information. A one- page "Water Resources Research Questionnaire - Lower Colorado River Basin" (Fig- ure 2) was sent. Once returned, the questionnaires were edited and standardized by project personnel in each state for entry into a computerized data storage and retrieval system at the University of Arizona, Tucson.

The geographical location of each project was assigned a subarea within the Lacer Colorado River Basin whenever possible, as shown in Figure 1. The choice of subareas is based insofar as possible upon the hydrologic basins in the states of Arizona, California and Nevada.

The subareas were included so that the projects could be retrieved from the

data file on a regional basis. For example, one can request all of the projects . specifically related to subareas (such as the Virgin River), principal investigator, keyword, funding source and state. The source of standardized keywords is the Water Resources Thesaurus, Second Edition, published in 1971 by the (then) Office of Water Resources Research.

3 AWOLtLD YOJ LIKE TO :

ïFINAL COMPILATION Figure 2 YES

WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH QUESTIONNAiRE LOWER COLORADO RIVER BASIN I. OFFICIAL TITLE OF PROJECT (as funded);

2. PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR(S) OR PERSONNEL IN CHARGE (nome 3. LOCALE WHERE RESEARCH IS /WAS DONE (river basin, ö and address): state (s) if applicable);

4. DATES OF FUNDING; 5. LEVEL OF FUNDING: 6. SUPPORTING AGENCIES: BEGIN FEDERAL $ END OTHER $ 7 éSCRIPTION OF PROJECT (including objectives, procedures /analytical techniques, results); (200 words or less)

B. KEYWORDS (including state)

9. PAPERS ÓR ARTICLES RESULTING FROM PROJECT (please rank in order of importance and include title, dote and location of publication or presentation):

10. COMPLETION DATE OF FINAL REPORT: II. PREPARED BY:

Pleaseuse roversesideif necessary. THANK Dm 4 SCOPE OF STUDY

This report gives an indication of the magnitude and variety of current research dealing with the Laser Colorado River Basin and its water resources. However, several limitations dealing with the extent of material covered in this report need to be discussed briefly.

The mailing list, although extensive, was limited to the three lower basin states. Thus work being done by people located in the upper basin or other parts of the country has not been covered. Related to this is the problem of response to the requests for information, in both the initial phase and the second phase of actual requests for abstracts and related data on specific research projects. In the initial phase 55 percent replied. However, some of the remaining 45 per- cent also may be involved with research pertinent to the Lower Colorado River which should be included in this report. In the second phase, data for many pro- jects are still outstanding despite follow -up via telephone to the questionnaire recipients.

Specifically, the project design called for using 1972 through 1976 as a time span. However, research and reports initiated before 1972 were included if the ending date fell after 1972.

This bibliography represents an initial attempt to gather information on research in the Colorado River Basin. Tinte areas for further research are recant- mended. First, the data bank should be augmented to include studies before 1972 using the list of contacts already compiled as a starting point. Second, the Upper Colorado River Basin should be included in the research bibliography be- cause of its importance to the entire basin. Oil shale, coal and other natural resources within or in close proximity to. the Colorado River Basin are of growing importance to the nation. The development of these resources will involve water usage, including water resources in the Colorado River Basin. Therefore, a cen- tralized source of water resource data and research information concerning the entire basin would be useful.

CURRENT DATA FILE

Since a published bibliography is of necessity a static work, data received up to a predetermined cut -off data (June 1, 1976) were included in the report. Those questionnaires processed subsequently do not appear in this publication, but

5 are continuously entered into the computerized data file. Updated information can be retrieved by a computer search, accessed as stated above by principal investigator, keyword, funding source, state and the basin subarea where the research was done. The file will be updated for as long as funding will allow.

People interested in the most recent status of research in the Lower Colo- rado River Basin may request a computer search. Please contact Water Resources Centers in the three states as listed below:

Arizona: Water Resources Research Center University of Arizona Tucson, Arizona 85721 602 --884 -2144 or Office of Arid Lards Studies (same address) 602 --884 -2816

California: Water Resources Center University of rrlifornia Ian 475 AOB -3 Davis, California 95616 916 -- 752 -1544

Nevada: Water Resources Center Desert Research Institute. University of Nevada System 4582 Maryland Parkway TaS Vegas, Nevada 89109 702 --739 -3411

6 DATA RETRIEVAL

JUNE 1976 0001

EVAPOTRANSPIRATION LOSSES FROM FLOOD -PLAIN AREAS OF CENTRAL ARIZONA.

ANDERSON, T.X. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, FLAGSTAFF, ARIZONA 86001

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1972/1976

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: ARIZONA WATER COMMISSION THE PURPOSE OF THIS INVESTIGATION WAS TO ESTIMATE THE POSSIBLE INCREASE IN TRANSITORY, WATER LOSSES THAT MIGHT OCCUR AS A RESULT OF SELECTED STREAMS. THE PRFSFNT AND '20SSIBLE FUTURE EVAPOTRANSPIRATION LOSSES WERE ESTIMATED FOR MOST OF THE STREA1S DRAINING THE CENTRAL PART OF THE STATE OF ARIZONA. A TOTAL OF 1,263 (2,032 KILOMETERS) OF STREAii CHANNEL COVERING NEARLY 40,000 ACRES (16,000 HECTARES)OF RIPARIAN VEGETATION AND BARE SOIL WERE INCLUDED IN THE STUDY.

ARIZONA/ EVAPOTRANS- PIRATION /PHREATOPHYTES /RIPARIAN WATER LOSS /STREAMS

PUBLICATIONS: ANDERSON, T.W., 1976, "EVAPOTRANSPIRATION LOSSES FROM FLOOD PLAIN AREAS IN CENTRAL ARIZONA," U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OPEN FILE REPORT. (IN PRESS)

0002

WATER RESOURCES OF SOUTHERN COUNTY.

MANN, L.J. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, FLAGSTAFF, ARIZONA 86001.

AREA(S)OF RESEARCH:

DATES OF RESEARCI: 1975/1977

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: ARIZONA WATER COMíMISSION

ARIZONA /WATER RESOURCES /GROUNDWATER /WATER QUALITY /AQUIFERS

PU BLICATIJNS:

TO BE PUBLISHED AS ARIZONA WATER CJ9MMISSION BULLETIN..

8 0003

S30W MAPPING APPLICATIO'1S OF THERMAL INFRARED DATA FROM THE NOAA SATELLITE VERY HI3H RESOLUTION RADIO ?IETER (VHRR).

BARNES, J.C. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY, INC., 696 VIRGINIA R0AD, CONCORD, MARYLAND 01742

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LOWER ARIZONA NEVADA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 4- 73/9 -74

LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 40,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NOAA -NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL SATELLITE SERVICE

THE APPLICATI)N OF THE NOAA SATELLITE VHRR (VERY HIGH RESOLUTON RADIOMETER) THERMAL INFRARED DATA FOR MAPPING SNOWCOVER WAS INVESTIGATED. THERMAL INFRARED MEASUREMENTS IN THE IMAGERY AND DIGITIZED FORMATS WERE ANALYZED FOR SEVERAL AREAS WITHIN THE UNITED STATES, INCLUDING THE CENTRAL ARIZONA MOUNTAINS (SALT-VERDE WATERSHED), THE . IN CALIFORNIA, THE MIDWEST, THE SOUTHEAST, AND THE NORTHEAST U.S. THE DATA SAMPLE WAS FROM THE 1973 AND 1974 WINTER- SPRING SEASONS. COMPARATIVE SNOWCOVER MAPS USED IN THE ANALYSIS OF THE. THERMAL INFRARED MEASUREMENTS WERE DERIVED FROM CONCURRENT VHRR VISIBLE CHANNAL IMAGERY AND FROM LANDSAT -1 IMAGERY. AERIAL SURVEY CHARTS OBTAINED FROM THE OFFICE IN ARIZONA AND SNOW DEPTH MEASUREMENTS OBTAINED FROM CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA SUMMARIES. AND FROM SOURCES SUCH AS THE CALIFORNIA COOPERATIVE SNOW SURVEY PROGRAM WERE ALSO USED IN THE STUDY. IN MOST INSTANCES, SNOWCOVER CAN BE DELINEATED IN THE VHRR THERMAL INFRARED DATA BECAUSE OF ITS LOWER TEMPERATURE, ALTHOUGH THERMAL GRADIENTS ASSOCIATED WITH SNOW BOUNDARIES ARE CONSIDERABLY BETTER DEFINED DURING THE SPRING THAN DURING THE WINTER. EVEN WITH THE IMPROVED RESOLUTION OF THE VHRR, CAUTION MUST BE EXERCISED WHEN INTERPRETING INFRARED DATA OVER MOUNTAINOUS TERRAIN WHERE TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES DUE TO VARIATIONS IN ELEVATION MAY OBSCURE THE TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES ASSOCIATED WITH SNOWCOVER. THE RESULTS ALSO DEMONSTRATED THAT SIGNIFICANT INFORMATION ON SNOWCOVER CAN BE DERIVED FROM DIGITIZED DATA BY AUTOMATED TECHNIQUES.

AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY /CALIFORNIA /NEVADA /ARIZONA /SNOW COVER/LANDSAT IMAGERY/ REMOTE SENSING /YAPPING /CLIMATIC DATA /SNOW SURVEYS

0004

STUDY TO DEVELOP IMPROVE) SPACECRAFT SNOW SURVEY METHODS USING SKYLAB/ EREP DATA.

BARNES, J.C. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH E TECHNOLOGY, INC., 696 VIRGINIA ROAD, CONCORD, MASSACHUSETTS 01742

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LOWER GILA RIVER ARIZONA NEVADA CALIFORNIA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 3- 73/5 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 73,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: NASA, LBJ SPACE CENTER, HOUSTON,

9 THE PURPDSd OF THIS INVESTIGATION WAS TO EVALUATE SKYLAB ERE' DATA FOR MAPPING SNOWCOVER. VISUAL INTERPRETATION OF PHOTOGRAPHS FROM THE S19CA MULTISPECTRAL CA:1IRA AND THE 519013 EARTH TELRAIN CAMERA WAS PERFORMED Ti) IDENTIFY AND MAP SNOi1COVERED AREAS. DATA FROM THE S192 MULTISPECTRAL SCANNER, S193 SCATTE30METER- RADIOMETER, AND 5194 L-BAND RADIOMETER WERE THEN ANALYZED AND COMPARED WITH THE PHOTOGRAPHS TO DETERMINE HOW MUCH ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON SNOWCOVER COULD BE DERIVED FROG THE MEASUREMENTS MADE IN VARIOUS PORTION:i OF THE SPECTRUM. THE SKYLAB EREP DATA WERE ALSO COMPARED WITH AIRCRAFT PHOTOGRAPHY, IMAGERY FROM THE LANDSAT SATELLITE, AND OTHER GROUND -TRUTH INFORMATION INCLUDING AERIAL SNOW SURVEY CHARTS AND STANDARD SNOT DEPTH REPORTS. THE S192 MULTISPECTRAL SCANNER DATA PROVIDED THE FIRST OPPORTUNITY TO EXAMINE THE REFLECTANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF SNOWCOVER IN SEVERAL SPECTRAL BANDS EXTENDING FROM THE VISIBLE INTO THE - NEAR-INFRARED SPECTRAL REGION TO ABOUT2 PIICRONS(U;1). THE ANALYSIS OF THE S192 IMAGERY AND DIGITAL TAPE DATA INDICATES A SHARP DROP IN REFLECTANCE OF SNOW I;N THE NEAR- INFRARED, WITH SNOW BECOMING ESSENTIALLY NON- REFLECTIVE IN BANDS 11(1.55-1.75 J:1)AND 12 (2.10 -2.35 U;1). IN COMPARISON WITH SNOW SURVEY CHARTS, THE SNOWLINE CAN BE MAPPED IN GREATER DETAIL AND CAN BE POSITIONED MORE PRECISELY USING SKYLAB PHOTOGRAPHS; GREATER DETAIL CAN ALSO BE MAPPED FROM THE SKYLAB PHOTOGRAPHS THAN FROM LANDSAT IMMAGERY. AS MUCH DETAIL IN SNOWCOVER EXTENT CAN BE MAPPED FROM THE S19OB PHOTOGRAPHY AS FROM HIGH- ALTITUDE AIRCRAFTT PHOTOGRAPHY.

CALIFORNIA /NE JAJA /ARIZONA // /WASHINGTON /OREGON /SALT -VEÜDE WATERSHED/ SNOW COVER /REMOTE SENSING /MAPPING /SNOW SURVEYS /AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY /LANDSAT IMAGERY

PUBLICATIONS:

NASA EARTH RESOURCES SURVEY SYMPOSIUM, HOUSTON, TEXAS (PROCEEDINGS), "SNOW SURVEY FROM SPACE, WITH EMPHASIS ON THE RESULTS OF THE ANALYSIS OF SKYLAB EREP S192 MULTISPECTRAL SCANNER DATA," JUNE 1975. NASA WORKSHOP ON "OPERATIONAL APPLICATION OF SATELLITE SNOWCOVER OBSERVATIONS," SOUTH , CALIF.(PROCEEDINGS), "SYNOPSIS OF CURRENT SATELLITE SNOW MAPPING TECHNIQUES, WITH EMPHASIS ON THE APPLICATION OF NEAR -INFRARED DATA," AUG.18 -20, 1975.

0005

THE APPLICATION OF ERTS IMAGERY TO MAPPING SNOWCOVER IN THE .

BARNES, J.C. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH ; TECHNOLOGY, INC., 696 VIRGINIA ROAD, CONCORD, MASSACHUSETTS 01742

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LOWER GILA RIVER NEVADA CALIFORNIA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 6- 72/12 -73

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 55,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER

THE APPLICATION JF LANDSAT (FORIERLY ERTS)IMAGERY FOR MAPPING SNOW WAS EVALUATED FOR TWO AREAS 07 THE WESTERN UNITED STATES, THE SALT-VERDE WATERSHED IN CENTRAL ARIZONA AND THE SOUTHERN SIERRA NEVADA IN CALIFORNIA. TECHNIQUES WERE DEVELOPED TO IDENTIFY SNOW AND TO DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN SNOW AND CLOUD. THE SNOW EXTENT FOR THESE TWO AREAS WAS MAPPED FROM THE MSS -5(0.6 -0.7 UM)VISIBLE BAND IMAGERY AND COMPARED WITH AERIAL SURVEY SNOW CHARTS, AIRCRAFT PHOTOGRAPHY, AND GROUND -BASED SNOW MEASUREMENTS. THE RESULTS OF TiE INVESTIGATION SHOWED THAT SNOW EXTENT CAN SE MAPPED FROM LANDSAT I;1A'GERY IN :'IORE DETAIL THAN IS DEPICTED ON AERIAL SURVEY SNOW CHARTS. NOREOVER, IN ARIZONA AND , CLOUD OBSCURATION DOES NOT APPEAR TO BEA SERIOUS DETERRENT TO THE USE OF SATELLITE DATA FOR SNOW SURVEY. THE COSTS INVOLVED IN DERIVING SNOW MAPS FROM LANDSAT I:AGEi'Y APPEAR CONSIDERABLY L0xER IN COMPARISON TO COSTS JF EXISTING DATA COLLECTION METHODS.

10 CALIFORNIA /NEVADA /ARIZONA /SALT -VERDE WATERSHED /SNOW COVER /LANDSAT IMAGERY/ ANALYSIS PROCEDURES /FORESTS /RE!IOTE SENSING /SNOW SURVEYS /NAPPING/ AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY

PUBLICATIONS:

"USE OF ERTS DATA F03 MAPPING SNOWCOVER IN THE WESTERN UNITED STATES," PROCEEDINGS OF SYMPOSIUM ON SIGNIFICANT RESULTS OBTAINED FROM ERTS-1, .1ARCH 1973, GODDARD -SPACE FLIGHT CENTER, MARYLAND. THIRD ERTS SYMPOSIUM, PROCEEDINGS, "MAPPING SNOW EXTENT IN THE SALT -VERDE WATERSHED AND THE SOUTHERN SIERRA NEVADA USING ERTS IMAGERY," DECEMBER 1973, WASHINGTON, D.C. INTERDISCIPLINARY SYMPOSIUM ON ADVANCED CONCEPTS AND TECHNIQUES IN THE. STUDY OF SNOW AND ICE RESOURCES, PROCEEDINGS, "SNOW STUDIES USING VISIBLE AND INFRARED MEASUREMENTS FROM EARTH SATELLITES," 2 -6 DECEMBER 1973, MONTEREY, CALIF.

0006

THE APPLICATION OF ERTS IMAGERY TO MAPPING SNOWCOVER IN THE WESTERN UNITED STATES: SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT.

BARNES, J.C. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH S TECHNOLOGY, INC., 696 VIRGINIA ROAD, CONCORD, MASSACHUSETTS 01742

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LOWER GILA RIVER NEVADA CALIFORNIA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 6-74/1 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 18,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER

A SUPPLEMENTAL STUDY OF THE APPLICATION OF LANDSAT -1(FORMERLY ERTS -1) DATA TO MAPPING SNOWCOVER IN MOUNTAIN REGIONS OE THE WESTERN UNITED STATES AND FLATTER TERRAIN AREAS OF THE MID-WEST WAS CONDUCTED. THE EXTENT OF SNOWCOVER WAS MAPPED FOR SELECTED MOUNTAIN REGIONS USING DATA FROM EHE 1973 WINTER AND SUMMER SEASONS; COMPARATIVE ANALYSES ARE PERFORMED USING DATA FROM CORRESPONDING WINTERTIME PERIODS OF 1973 AND 1974; AND A QUANTITATIVE CORRELATION BETWEEN OBSERVED SNOWCOVER DEPLETION AND RESULTING RUNOFF WAS PRESENTED FOR ONE TEST AREA (SOUTHERN SIERRAS). COMPARATIVE ANALYSES PERFORMED USING DATA FROM CORRESPONDING WINTERTIME PERIODS OF 1973 AND 1974, VIEWING THE SOUTHERN SIERRAS AND CENTRAL ARIZONA MOUNTAINS (SALT -VERDE WATERSHED) INDICATED THAT ALTHOUGH SMALL DIFFERENCES IN AREAL SNOW EXTENT COULD 3E MAPPED, DIFFERENCES IN THE SN31PACK VOLUME WERE NOT OBVIOUS.

ARIZONA /IDAHO /OREGON /SALT -VERDE WATERSHED /LANDSAT IMAGERY /SNOW SURVEYS/ SNOW COVER /MAPPING /SNOWPACKS /AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY /NEVADA /CALIFORNIA

0007

HANDBOOK OF TECHNIQUES FOR SATELLITE SNOW MAPPING.

BARNES, J.C. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH S TECHNOLOGY, INC., 696 VIRGINIA ROAD, CONCORD, MASSACHUSETTS 01742

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LOWER GILA RIVER NEVADA CALIFORNIA

DATES OF RESEARCH: J- 74/12-74

LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 10,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: NASA GODDAR!) SPACE FLIGHT CENTER

11 THIS HANDBOOK WAS PREPARED TO ASSIST IN TE PLANNING FOR A PRACTICAL DEMONSTRATION ,)F THE APPLICATION OF SATELLITE DATA TO SNOW HYDROLOGY. THE EMPHASIS IN THE HANDBOOK WAS ON THE USE OF NOAA -VHRR(VERY HIGH RESOLUTION RADIOMETER)AND LANDSAT (FORMERLY ERTS)VISIBLE IMAGERY; HOWEVER, THE APPLICATION OF OTHER TYPES OF DATA ARE ALSO DISCUSSED. - THE FOLLOWING TOPICS ARE COVERED IN THE HANDBOOK: DISCUSSIONS OF VARIOUS SATELLITE SYSTEMS, WITH SAMPLE DATA OF SALT -VERDE WATERSHED FROM EACH SYSTE[i; TECHNIQUES TO IDENTIFY AND MAP SNOWCOVER; EXAMPLES OF VHRR AND LANDSAT IMAGERY SHOWING SNOWCOVER IN VARIOUS GEOGRAPHICAL AREAS; COMPARISONS BETWEEN SATELLITE IMAGERY AND AERIAL SNOW OBSERVATIONS. DISCUSSIONS OF THE APPLICATION OF OTHER TYPES OF SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS, INCLUDING LANDSAT NEAR-INFRARED DATA (MSS -7), VHçR THERMAL INFRARED DATA SKYLAB \EREP MULTISPECTRAL DATA; AND DISCUSSION OF THE PROBLEMS INHERENT IN USING SATELLITE DATA TO MAP SNOW AND RECOtMMENDATIONS FOR COPING WITH THESE PROBLEMS.

ARIZONA /SALT -VERDE WATERSHED /LANDSAT IMAGERY /ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES/ SNOW SURVEYS /AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY /SNOW COVER /NEVADA /CALIFORNIA /IDAHO

0003

CLOUD PHYSICS STUDIES BY MEANS OF PULSED DOPPLER RADAR.

RATTAN, L.J. INSTITUTE OF ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 35721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 3- 74/9 -77

LEVEL OF FUNDING: 3 236,400

SUPPORTING ASENCIES: NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION

THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA DESIGNED, CONSTRUCTED, AND OPERATES AN X -BAND PULSED- DOPPLE3 RADAR SET. ANALYSES OF DATA HAVE REVEALED DETAILS OF THE VERTICAL VELOCITY STRUCTURE OF CONVECTIVE CLOUDS. THEY HAVE ALSO YIELDED INFORMATION ON THE SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF PRECIPITATION PARTICLES AS A FUNCTION OF ALTITUDE AND TIME. THIS INVESTIGATION IS PRIMARILY CONCERNED WITH CONVECTIVE CLOUDS, BUT OBSERVATIONS HAVE BEEN MADE CF SO- CALLED CONTINUOUS PRECIPITATION FROM STRATIFIED CLOUDS. OF PARTICULAR INTEREST ARE THE PROPERTIES OF THE DRAFTS WITHIN LARGE THUNDERSTORMS. THIS PROGRAM IS INVESTIGATING THE KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS OF THUNDERSTORMS. OBSERVATIONS ARE MADE OF RADAR REFLECTIVITY AND VELOCITY SPECTRA OF BACKSCATTERING PARTICLES. DATA ARE RECORDED ON MAGNETIC TAPE, FACSIMILE PAPER AND FILM. DATA GILL NOT BE AVAILABLE IN A CENTRALIZED WATER INFORMATION SYSTEM BECAUSE OF THEIR VERY SPECIALIZED NATURE.

ARIZONA /CLOUD PHYSICS / PRECIPITATION (ATMOSPHERIC) /THUNDERSTORMS /CLOUDS/ CONVECTION /COLORADO

PUBLICATIONS:

RATTAN, L.J. AND J.B. THEISS, "MEASUREMENT OF VERTICAL VELOCITIES IN CONVECTIVE CLOUDS BY MEANS OF PULSED-DOPPLER RADAR," JOURNAL OF AT_IOSPHERIO SCIENCES, VOL. 27, NO.2, MARCH 1970, PP. 293-298. DU TOIT, P.S., "DOPPLER RADAR OBSERVATION OF DROP SIZES IN CONTINUOUS RAIN," JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY, VOL. 6,NO. 6, DECEMBER 1967, PP. 1082 -1087 "VARIANCE SPECTRUM ANALYSIS OF DOPPLER RADAR OBSERVATIONS IN CONTINUOUS FOOTE, G.B., "PRECIPITATION," JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY, VOL. 7, NO. 3, JUNE 196d, PP. 459 -4ó4.

12 0009

DEVELOPMENT OF A LOW COST ASPHALT - RUBBER MEMBRANE FOR WATER HARVESTING CATCHMENTS AND SEEPAGE CONTROL.

JIMENEZ, R.A. /CLUFF. C.B. /FROBEL, R.K. CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT /WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER/ WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 76/6 -30 -77

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 7300

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THE OBJECTIVES OF THE PROPOSED RESEARCH WILL BE TO REDUCE COSTS AND INSTALLATION TIME OF WATERPROOF MEMBRANES THROUGH THE USE OF A DISTRIBUTOR- S ?RAYED ASPHALT-RUBBER. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES WILL BE CONCERNED WITH DEVELOPING ENGINEERING SPECIFICATIONS FOR ASPHALT-RUBBER WHEN USED AS A WATERPROOF MEMBRANE FOR A) WATER HARVESTING SYSTEMS, B)RESERVOIRS AND C) CANALS. EXPERIMENTAL FIELD INSTALLATIONS WILL BE CONSTRUCTED TO EVALUATE THE ASPHALT-RUBBER MEMBRANE. THESE FIELD INSTALLATIONS AND ADDITIONAL LABORATORY TESTING WILL ATTEMPT TO DETERMINE PERMEABILITY, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO BIOLOGICAL DETERIORATION, RESISTANCE TO WEATHERING, RESISTANCE TO IMPACT DAMAGE AND PLANT PENETRATION AND hYDROSTATIC PUNCTURE RESISTANCE. ADDITIONAL OBJECTIVES WILL 3E CONCERNED WITH AN ACCURATE ECONOMIC ANALYSIS AND ECOLOGICAL IMPACT ANALYSIS. THE RUBBER USED IN THE ASPHALT-RUBBER MIX COMES FROM PULVERIZED, RECLAIMED RUBBER TIRES. FROM AN ECOLOGICAL VIEWPOINT, LARGE SCALE USE OF THIS MIX WOULD RESULT IN RECYCLING OLD TIRES WHICH NORMALLY PRESENT A DISPOSAL PROBLEM. ALTHOUGH THE MATERIAL HAS BEEN USED PRIMARILY AS A HIGHWAY SEAL COAT IN THE MAINTENANCE OF EXISTING PAVEMENTS, OBSERVATIONS INDICATE THAT ITS USE AS A WATERPROOF MEMBRANE HAS GREAT MERIT.

SEEPAGE CONTROL /::ATER HARVESTING /ASPHALT /RUBBER /WATER CONSERVATION/ ARIZONA /WATERPROOFING /IMPERVIOUS MEMBRANES

0010

GEOPHYSICAL AND HYDROLOGIC PREDICTION OF FISSURING AND LAND SUBSIDENCE, SOUTH- CENTRAL ARIZONA.

DAVIS, S.N. /SJSNER, J.S. HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES/ GEOSCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 76/9 -3 -77

LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 13,500

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THE PHENOMENA OF SUBSIDENCE AND FRACTURING OF THE LAND SURFACE IN SOUTH- CENTRAL ARIZONA WILL BE STUDIED BY GEOPHYSICAL AND GEOLOGIC METHODS. GRAVITY MEASUREMENTS WILL HELP DEFINE CONFIGURATIONS OF ALLUVIAL BASINS. STRAINS ALONG FRACTURES 'WILL BE MEASURED BY EXTENSOMETERS AND WILL BE RELATED TO GROUNDWATER FLUCTUATIONS. SUBSIDING BASINS WILL BE COMPARED 'WITH BASINS WITH POTENTIAL SUBSIDENCE. AN ATTEMPT WILL BE MADE TO DEVELOP TECHNIQUES FOR PREDICTING THE LOCATION OF FUTURE FRACTURES.

GROUNDWATER /GE3PHYSICS /SUBSIDENCE /3ASINS /ARIZONA /FRACTURES(GEOLOGIC)

13 0011

USE OF AMENDMENTS TO REDUCE WATER REJUIREMENT FOIE STAND ESTABLISHMENT OF SúALL-SF,DED CROPS.

DENNIS, R.E. /EDMOND, C.D. AGRONOMY DEPARTMENT/ COM'iUNITY RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7-1- 72/6 -30 -74

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 19,000

SUPPORTING AGEENCIES: OWRT

THE MINING INDUSTRY MAY GREATLY EXPAND ITS PRODUCTION OF SULFURIC ACID. WHILE LIMITED AMOUNTS OF THIS ACID ARE NOW USED ASA SOIL AMENDMENT, NEW USES NEED INVESTIGATION. IN MOST IRRIGATED SOIL MUST BE KEPT MOIST FOR TWO TO THREE WEEKS AFTER PLANTING TO PREVENT SOIL CRUSTING AND TO INSURE SEEDLING EMERGENCE. SULFURIC, PHOSPHORIC AND OTHER ACIDS WILL BE PLACED ON AND INCORPORATED IN THE SOIL IN VARIOUS CONCENTRATIONS AND BAND WIDTHS ABOVE SEED. SEEDLING EMERGENCE AND RELATED DATA WILL BE OBTAINED AND BILL INDICATE THE FEASIBILITY OF ACID USE. THIS RESEARCH HAY SHOW THAT WASTE ACID MAY BE USED TO REDUCE THE AMOUNT OF WATER APPLIED TO ESTABLISH STANDS OF CROPS.

SULFURIC ACID /PHOSPHORIC ACID /ARIZONA /CROPS /SOIL AMENDMENTS /MINE WASTES

0012

FLOOD LIMIT MAPS FOR PORTIONS OF CAVE CREEK.

YOST AND GARDNER ENGINEERS, INC. 2619 NORTH THIRD STREET, PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85004

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SALT RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1- 14- 75/3 -25 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: 3 13,800

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: PHOENIX, CITY OF MARICOPA COUNTY

DELINEATION OF A 100 -YEAR FOR A PORTION OF CAVE CREEK WASH AND ITS TRIBUTARIES FROM GREENWAY ROAD TO BEARDSLEY ROAD, APPROXIMATELY 5.7 MILS. UTILIZED 3EC -2 COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR BACKWATER CALCULATIONS. FLOODWAY COMPUTATIONS 4ERE BASED ON ALLOWABLE 1 -FOOT RISE IN FLOOD ELEVATION.

ARIZONA / BACKWATER /FLOODWAYS /FLOOD PLAINS /TRIBUTARIES

0013

DEVELOPING PRJCEDURES FOR PREDICTING EFFECTIVENESS IN SEEPAGE CONTROL.

DUTT, G.R. SOILS, WATER 6 ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 72/6 -30 -73

LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 6183

SUPPORTING 1GE'lCIFS: 1 :42T

14 IN ARID AND SEMI -ARID REGIONS THE EFFICIENT USE OF PONDS AND LAKES FOR WATER STORAGE IS DEPENDENT ON THE CONTROL OF WATER LOSSES, ESPECIALLY SEEPAGE. THIS INVESTIGATION WILL USE SEVERAL LOCAL SOILS TO COMPARE THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CLAY AND MINERAL SOIL TYPES ON SEEPAGE RATES. IT ;TILL DETERMINE DIFFERENCES IN SEEPAGE OBTAINED BY THE VARIATION OF SOIL STRUCTURE DUE TO COMPACTION AND THE APPLICATION OF DIFFERENT CHEMICAL TREATMENTS. THE PROJECT WILL ATTEMPT TO DEVELOP PROCEDURES TO EVALUATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SEALING TECHNIQUES FROM THE PHYSIO- CHEMICAL SOIL CHARACTERISTICS. ADDITIONALLY, COMPARISONS OF THE RELATIVE WORTH OF SEVERAL TREATMENTS AS TiEY RELATE TO COST, USEFUL LIFE AND RESEALING ABILITY AFTER A WET -DRY CYCLE WILL BE MADE. LABORATORY WORK IS PLANNED USING A VARIETY OF CHEMICALS AND PHYSICAL TECHNIQUES INCLUDING SODIUM , ENZYMES AND HYDROPHOBICS IN COMBINATION WITH SOIL COMPACTION AND ADDITION OF INERT MATERIALS. LIMITED FIELD 4ORK USING 36 SQUARE FOOT DOUBLE-WALLED INFILTRONETERS WILL INDICATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENTS UNDER ACTUAL CLIMATIC CONDITIONS.

SEEPAGE CONTROL /SEEPAGE/LININGS /SEALANTS /INFILTRATION /SOIL SEALANTS /SURFACE SEALING /SOIL COMPACTION /STOCK WATER /WATER CONSERVATION /WATER STORAGE /ARIZONA

0014

SWELLING AND SHRINKING OF SOIL IN SITU AS DETERMINED BY A DUAL -ENERGY GAMMA RAY TRANSMISSION TECHNIQUES.

REGINATO, R.J. U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY, 4331 EAST BROADWAY, PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85040

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1972 /CONTINUING

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY

OBJECTIVES ARE TO DEVELOP A METHOD TO MEASURE THE MAGNITUDE, RATE, AND DEPTH OF SWELLING AND SHRINKING OF A FIELD SOIL AND TO RELATE THIS PHENOMENON PO DIURNAL CHANGES IN WATER CONTENT IN THE SOIL SURFACE FOLLOWING IRRIGATION.

BULK DENSITY /MOISTURE CONTENT /SOIL SURFACES /ARIZONA /DIURNAL /GAMMA RAYS

PUBLICATIONS:

REGINATO, R.J., "COUNT -RATE INSTABILITY IN GAMMA -RAY TRANSMISSION EQUIPMENT," SOIL SCI. SOC. AMER. PROC. 38(1):156-159. JAN -FEB 1974. REGINATO, R.J., "GAMMA RADIATION MEASUREMENT OF BULK DENSITY CHANGES IN A SOIL PEDON FOLLOWINC IRRIGATION," SOIL SCI. SOC. AMER. PROC. 38(1):24 -29. JAN -FEB 1974. REGINATO, R.J. "WATER CONTENT AND BULK DENSITY CHANGES IN A SOIL PEDON MEASURED WITH DUAL ENERGY GAMMA -RAY TRANSMISSION," CANAD. JOUR. SOIL SCI. 54(3):325 -329.

00 15

PREDICTING HYDRAULIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CRITICAL-DEPTH FLUMES OF SIMPLE AND COMPLEX CROSS- SECTION SHAPES.

REPLOGLE, J.A. U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY, 4331 EAST BROADWAY, PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85040

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1972

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY

15 OBJECTIVE WAS THE EXTENTION OF NU:IERICAL CALIBRATION- PREDICTION TECHNIQUES TO FLUMES OF COMPLEX GEOMETRIC SHAPES, INCLUDING DESIGNS THAT ARE NOT SYMMETRICAL WITH RESPECT TO THE CHANNEL CENTERLINE.

FLUTES/ FLOW !IEASUREMENT /ARIZONA /CANNELS /CALIBRATIONS

PUBLICATIONS:

REPLOGLE, J.A. TAILORING CRITICAL-DEPTH MEASURING FLUMES. IN "FLOW -ITS MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL IN SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY, VOL. 1." (PROC., INSTRUMENT SOC. AMER. SYMP., PITTSBURGH, PA., MAY 1971) .1974. P. 123 -132. REPLOGLE, J.A. CRITICAL-FLOW FLUMES WITH COMPLEX CROSS- SECTION. IN "IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE IN AN AGE OF COMPETITION FOR RESOURCES." IRRIG. $ DRAIN. DIV., AMER. SOC. CIVIL ENGIN. 1975. P. 366 -388. REPLOGLE, J.A. AND G.S. BIRTH, FLOW. CHAP. 5 IN "INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASURE- MENT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES." (ASAE SPEC. PUB. SP- 0375). AMER. SOC. AGRIC. ENGIN. 1975. P.5. 10 -5.20.

0016

METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS AFFECTING EVAPORATION FROM BARE SOIL AND CROP SURFACES.

IDSO, S.B. U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY, 4331 E.BROADWAY, PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85040

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1972 /CONTINUING

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE

OBJECTIVES WERE THE DEVELOPMENT OF APPROPRIATE TECHNIQUES FOR MEASURING THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ATMOSPHERIC RADIATIVE FLUXES PERTINENT TO THE PROCESS OF EVAPORATION, AND TO USE THE INFORMATION THEREBY OBTAINED TO DEVELOP AN ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUE FOR PREDICTING EVAPORATION FRON BARE SOIL AND CROP SURFACES.

EVAPORATION /ARIZONA /SOIL SURFACES /CROPS /METEOROLOGY

0017

RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION OF AUTOMATED SURFACE WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS FOR GRAVITY IRRIGATION.

ERIE, L.J. /DEDRICK, A.R. /REPLOGLE, J.A. U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY, 4331 E.BROADWAY, PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85040

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LOWER GILA RIVER COLORADO RIVER BELOW PARKER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 11- 1- 74/11 -1 -77

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE, USDA, FT. COLLINS, COLO. U.S. SALINITY LABORATORY, USDA

16 IRRIGATION SYSTEMS ON TWO FARMS IN THE WELLTON- MOHAWK IRRIGATION DISTRICT HAVE Ell-EN AUTOMATED, -ONE BY PNEUMATICALLY AUTOMATING JACKGATES WITH PISTONS, AND THE OTHER INVOLVING A COMBINATION OF JACKGATES AND CONCRETE TILE OUTLETS. OBJECTIVES WERE TO DEMONSTRATE (ON -FARM) THE USE OF PRESENTLY AVAILABLE AUTOMATION SCHEMES FOR SURFACE WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS IN THE WELLTON- MOHAWS AREA OF ARIZONA: AND TO DESIGN, DEVELOP AND DEMONSTRATE IMPROVED AUTOMATION SYSTEMS.

IRRIGATION SYSTEMS /ARIZONA /AUTOMATION /DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS /SURFACE IRRIGATION

00 18

CHARACTERIZATION OF THE SOIL MICROFLORA AND BIOLCGICAL PROCESSES OCCURRING IN SOIL DSED FOR WASTE WATER RENOVATION.

GILBERT, R.J. U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY 4331 EAST BROADWAY PHOENIX, ARI30NA 85040

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1970 /CONTINUING

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY

OBJECTIVES WERE TO CHARACTERIZE TaE AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC MICROBIAL POPULATIONS IN THE SOIL PROFILE DURING GROUNDWATER RECHARGE BY SEWAGE SPREADING. ALSO, TO DETERMINE THE INFLUENCE OF VEGETATION, CHEk.ICAL TREATMENTS AND SELECTED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON MICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES RELATED TO THE REMOVAL OF EXCESS NUTRIENTS AND OTHER DETRIíMENTAL SUBSTANCES FROM THE SOIL PROFILE DURING GROUNDWATER RECHARGE BY SEWAGE SPREADING.

WASTE WATER TREATMENT /MICROBIAL DEGRADATION /SOIL MICROBIOLOGY /ARIZONA/ GROUNDWATER RECHARGE

0019

CONSUMPTIVE USE OF WATER BY CROPS GROWN IN ARIZONA.

ERIE, L.J. U.S SOIL CONSERVATION LABORATORY, 4331 E. BROADWAY, PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85040

AREAS) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1958 /CONTINUING

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE

OBJECTIVES WERE 1)TO DETERMINE CONSUMPTIVE USE FOR ALL MAJOR CROPS GROWN IN ARIZONA, 2)TO KEEP CONSUMPTIVE USE MEASUREMENTS UP TO DATE AS VARIETIES, CULTURAL PRACTICES AND YIELDS CHANGE, 3) TO DEVELOP BETTER INFORMATION ON PEAK USE AND TO OBTAIN THE SOIL MOISTURE STATUS AT SPECIFIC STAGES OF PLANT DEVELOPMENT.

CONSUMPTIVE USE /SOIL MOISTURE /ARIZONA /CROPS /CROP PRODUCTION

17 PUBLICATIONS:

ERIE, L.J., D.A. BUCKS, AND O.F. FRENCH, , "CONSUMPTIVE USE AND IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT FOR HIGH -YIELDING WHEATS IN CENTRAL ARIZONA," PROGRESSIVE AGRICULTURE IN ARIZONA XXV (2) :14 -15, MARCH -APRIL 1973. ERIE, L.J., "WATER MANAGEMENT FOR IRRIGATION OF ALFALFA IN DESERT AREAS," IN PROC., CALIF. AND ARIZ. ALFALFA SYMPOSIUM, EL CENTRO, CALIF., JANUARY 1974. P. 65 -68.

0020

TIME /RATE MOVEMENT OF WATER FOR DEAD LEVEL IRRIGATION.

ERIE, L.J. /DEDRICK, A.R. U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY, 4331 E. BROADWAY, PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85040

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LOWER GILA RIVER COLORADO RIVER BELOW

DATES OF RESEARCH: 11 -1 -74/11 -1-77

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. SALINITY LABORATORY, USDA U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION VARIOUS FARMERS

VARIOUS LENGTH-OF-RUN MEASUREMENTS WILL BE MADE FOR SEVERAL FIELD CONFIGURATIONS IRRIGATED WITH DIFFERING-SIZED STREAMS EMITTED FROM VARIOUS OUTLET LOCATIONS. THE MAIN OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY IS TO PREPARE AND PUBLISH A PRACTICAL GUIDE FOR DEAD -LEVEL IRRIGATION SYSTEMS. WATER MANAGEMENT AND SYSTEMS DESIGN WILL BE EMPHASIZED.

SYSTEMS ANALYSIS /IRRIGATION SYSTEMS /WATER MANAGEMENT(APPLIED) /RECESSION CURVES /INFILTRATION RATES /ARIZONA /CALIFORNIA

0021

EVALUATING TRICKLE IRRIGATION FOR CANTALOUPE PRODUCTION.

BUCKS, D.A. /ERIE, L.J. ET AL. U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY, 4331 E. BROADWAY, PHOENIX, ARIZ. 85040

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER BELOW PARKER DAM

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1 -1- 74/1 -1 -78

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA

A FIELD STUDY IS BEING CONDUCTED USING TRICKLE IRRIGATION (DOUBLE TUBE) BOTH BURIED AND 'JN THE SURFACE. FREQUENCIES OF IRRIGATION WILL BE DAILY, WEEKLY, AND BI- WEEKLY. THE STANDARD FURROW METHOD WILL ALSO BE USED AS ONE TREATMENT. BOTH SPRING AND FALL CANTALOUPE WILL BE PRODUCED. IT IS THOUGHT THAT PRODUCTION MAY BE INCREASED AND QUALITY IMPROVED BY THE USE OF TRICKLE IRRIGATION.

TRICKLE IRRIGATION /ARIZONA /MELONS /FURROW SYSTEMS /IRRIGATION SYSTEMS

18 0022

TEMPERATURE CONTROL OF CARBON DIOXIDE-FERTILIZED, SEALED GREENHOUSES.

KIMBALL, B.A. U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY, 4331 E. BROADWAY, PHOENIX, ARIZJNA 85040

ARMS) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1974

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY

OBJECTIVES WERE 1)TO DESIGN, TEST, AND EVALUATE COOLERS FOR SEALED GREEN- HOUSES UNDER SUMMER -TIME CONDITIONS. 2) DESIGN, TEST, AND EVALUATE METHODS OF THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE AS A MEANS TO ACHIEVE SATISFACTORY HEATING IN WINTERTIME AND COOLING IN SUMMERTIME OF A SEALED GREENHOUSE. 3) TO EVALUATE ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF CARBON DIOXIDE FOR FERTILIZER. 4) TO DEMONSTRATE THE POSITIVE YIELD RESPONSES ATTAINABLE WITH CARBON DIOXIDE FERTILIZATION INA SEALED GREENHOUSE.

CARBON DIOXIDE /GREENHOUSES /FERTILIZATION /ARIZONA /COOLING /THERMAL POWER

PUBLICATIONS:

KIMBALL, B.A. SMOOTHING DATA WITH FOURIER TRANFORMATIONS. AGRON. JOUR. 66(2):259 -262. MAR -APR 1974.

0023

CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF SOILS FOR HARVESTING PRECIPITATION.

FINK, D.H. U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY, 4331 E. BROADWAY, PHOENIX, ARIZJNA 85040

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1974

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY

THE OBJECTIVE WAS TO DEVELOP PRACTICAL WATER HARVESTING SYSTEMS BY MEANS OF CHEMICAL SOIL MODIFICATION.

WATER HARVESTING /ARIZONA /WATER YIELD IMPROVEMENT /SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

PUBLICATIONS:

FINK, D.H. AND K.R. COOLEY, "WATER HARVESTING FOR IMPROVED GRAZING EFFICIENCY," PROC., WATER - RELATIONS SYMPOSIUM, TWIN FALLS, IDAHO, JUNE 1973. PP. 200 -208. FINK, D.H., K.S. COOLEY, AND G.W. FRASIER, "WAX TREATED SOILS FOR HARVESTING WATER," JOUR. RANGE iiGMNT. 26(6) :396 -398. NOV. 1973.

19 0024

EVALUATING TRICKLE IRRTGATION FOE GRAPE PRODUCTION.

BUCKS, D.A. U,S. WATE( CONSERVATION LABORATORY, 4331E. BROADWAY, PHOENIX, ARIZONA d5040

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OP RESEARCH: 1973

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY

QBJECTIVES WERE 1)TO DEVELOP MANAGEMENT CRITERIA FOR INCREASING WATER-U$F, EFFICIENCY, USING TRICKLE AND FURROW IRRIGATION OF DRAPES. 2) TO DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF TRICKLE AND FURROW IRRIGATION WATER MANAGEMENT ON PRODUCTION AND QUALITY OF GRAPES. 3) TO DETERMINE TRICKLE IRRIGATION DESIGN RRJUIREMENTS IN TERMS OF NUMBER, RATE, AND PLACEIENT OF EMITTERS INA VINEYARD. 4) TO DETERMINE. SOIL MOISTURE AND SALT DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS FOR SPECIFIC TRICKLE IRRIGATION. TREATMENTS.

IRRIGATION SYSTEMS /WATER UTILIZATION /VINE CROPS /TRICKLE IRRIGATION/ ARIZONA /IRRIGATION EFFICIENCY

PUELICATIONS:

BUCKS, D.A., L.J. ERIE, F.S. NAKAYAMA, AND O.F. FRENCH, "TRICKLE IRRIGATION: MANAGEMENT ON GRAPES," PROC., 2ND INTERNATIONAL DRIP IRRIGATION CONG., , CALI?., JULY 1974. PP. 503;507, BUCKS, D.A., L.J. ERIE, AND J.A. REPLOGLE, "TRICKLE IRRIGATION IN ARIZONA: PROÜISES AND PROBLEMS," ARIZ.PROF. ENGIN. 27(7) :6 -7. 1975.

0025

EROSIVE PREVENTIVE STRUCTURES TO DISTRIBUTE WATER INTO IRRIGATED FIELDS.

ERIE, L.J. U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY, 4331 E. RROAD4AY, PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85040

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1973

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. WATFR CONSERVATION LABORATORY

OBJECTIVES WERE 1)TO DESIGN Al OUTLET STRUCTURE TO CONFORM WITH AUTOMATIC IRRIGATION COMPONENTS ATTACHED TO AN OUTLET TILE. 2) TO DESIGN A STRUCTURE TO PREVENT EROSION BY 'WATER FROM JACK GATES EMITTING FROM 15 TO 34 CUBIC -FEET PER SECOND (CFS). 3) TO DESIGN A FORM TO STANDARDIZE THE SHAPE AND SIZE OF EROSION -PREVENTIVE OUTLET STRUCTURES USED FOR HEADS UP TO 6 OR 7 CFS. 4) TO INVESTIGATE THE POSSIBILITIES OF GUNITE CONSTRUCTION.

EROSION CONTRJL /OUTLETS /ARIZONA /IRRIGATION / GUNITE

0025

PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF AUTOMATION TO UNDERGROUND AND SURFACE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS FOR GRAVITY IRRIGATION.

ËRIE, L.J. U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY, 4331 E. BROADWAY, PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85040

20 DATES OF RESEARCH: 1973

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY

THE OBJECTIVE WAS TO INSTALL, MANAGE, OBSERVE AND MAKE CHANGES IN AUTOMATED GRAVITY IRRIGATION SYSTEMS FOR SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS FOR GRAVITY IRRIGATION.

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS /AUTOMATION /IRRIGATION /ARIZONA /IRRIGATION SYSTEMS/ SUBSURFACE IRRIGATION

0027

SEDIMENT TRANSPORT CHARACTERISTICS OF CRITICAL-DEPTH FLUMES.

REPLOGLE, J.A. U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY, 4331 E.BROADWAY, PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85040

AREA(S)OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1972

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY

OBJECTIVES WERE TO PREDICT SEDIMENT MOVEMENT CAPABILITIES OF CRITICAL-DEPTH FLUMES AND DEVELOP THE DESIGN TECHNIQUES FOR OBTAINING THE DESIRED SEDIMENT MOVEMENT.

SEDIMENTS /FLUMES /ARIZONA / /DESIGN CRITERIA

0028

GROWTH AND YIELD OF JOJOBA [SIMMONDSIA CHINENSIS (LINK) SCHNEIDER] ON RUNOFF -COLLECTING MICROCATCHMENTS.

EHRLER, W.L. U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY, 4331 E. BROADWAY, PHCENIX, ARIZONA 85040

AREAS) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1973

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY

OBJECTIVES WERE TO INCREASE THE SEED YIELD FROM JOJOBA GROWING IN NATURAL DESERT ENVIRONMENTS BY USING MICROCATCHMENTS TO AUGMENT THE NORMAL RAINFALL.

JOJOBA /RUNOFF /ARIZONA /CROP YIELD /WATER HARVESTING

0029

EFFECTS OF DEVELOPMENT ON "SALINITY" AID LIMNOLOGY OF THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER.

EVANS, D.D. ET. AL. HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

21 AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER BELOW PARKER DAM

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 72/6 -30 -73

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 16,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWET

THE PURPOSE OF THIS RESEARCH IS TO ASSEMBLE AND ANALYZE AVAILABLE DATA ON CHEMICAL QUALITY AND LIMNOLOGY OF RESERVOIRS AND RIVER REACHES FROM LEE FERRY TO , TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTS OF DEVELOPMENT ON SALINITY, AND TO INITIATE THE VALIDATION OF EXISTING MODELS OF INTERACTIONS OF CHEMICAL IONS, SEDIMENTS, BIDLOGICAL FACTORS, AND OTHER LIMNOLOGICAL FACTORS SUCH AS THERMAL STRATIFICATION AND TURNOVER. THE COLORADO RIVER SERVES MANY USES AS IT FLOWS FROM LEE FERRY TO THE MEXICAN BORDER - POWER PRODUCTION, RECREATION, AGRICULTURE, AND DOMESTIC AND INDUSTRIAL USES. THE COMPLEX PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL SYSTEMS INVOLVED AND THEIR INTERACTIONS REQUIRE A SOPHISTICATED APPROACH TO PLANNING FOR FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS AND ACTIVITIES TO SATISFY SOCIAL GOALS. THE PRESENT STATE OF INTERACTING SYSTEMS NEEDS FURTHER CLARIFICATION TO DEPICT THE INFLUENCES OF PAST ACTIVITIES AND TO FORM A SOUND BASE FOR FORECASTING THE EFFECTS OF FUTURE POSSIBLE DEVELOPMENTS AND FOR A MORE RATIONAL APPROACH TO DECISION MAKING. THIS RESEARCH WILL CONTRIBUTE TO THESE GOALS.

SALINITY /LIMNOLOGY /COLORADO RIVER /RESERVOIRS /REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT/ LOWER COLORADO RIVER /ARIZONA

0030

FEASIBILITY STUDY OF A NUCLEAR POWER- SEWAGE TREATMENT SYSTEM FOR THE CONSERVATION AND RECLAMATION OF WATER RESOURCES.

FAZZOLARE, R.A. /SIERKA, R.A. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING /CIVIL ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1- 71/6 -30 -73

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 17,694

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

DESIGN FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS OF COMBINING A LARGE SEWAGE TREATMENT FACILITY WITH A NUCLEAR ELECTRIC POWER GENERATING STATION. WASTE WATER TREATMENT USING PHYSICAL -CHEMICAL METHODS AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES WILL BE INVESTIGATED. ALTERNATIVE HEAT EXTRACTION SYSTEMS WILL BE EXAMINED AND AN OPTIMUM METHOD WILL BE SUGGESTED. AN ENGINEERING-EVALUATION WILL BE MADE OF THE OVERALL CONCEPT AND COMPARED WITH EXISTING METHODS WITH REGARD TO PERFORMANCE, ECONOMICS, WATER USAGE AND RECLAMATION AND OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS.

WASTE WATER TREATMENT /RECLAIMED WATER /HEATED SEWAGE /NUCLEAR POWERPLANTS/ SEWAGE TREATMENT /ARIZONA

0031

DEVELOPMENT OF A TIME -SPACE PREDICTION TECHNIQUE TO EVALUATE SNOWPACKS IN AND ADJACENT TO FOREST OPENINGS.

FFOLLIOTT, P.F. WATERSHED MANAGEMENT, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

22 AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RE EEAdC:í: 7 -1- 72/6 -30 -73

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 5600

SUPPORTING AGE:IC IES: OWRT

TN ARIZONA, SNOWPACK WATER YIELD PROVIDES A MAJOR SOURCE OF 'WATER FOR THE RESERVOIR SYSTEMS, AND IT ALSO CONTRIBUTES TO THE RECiIARGE OF GROUND WATER AQUIFERS. MUC:i OF THE WATER YIELD REALIZED IS DERIVED FROM THE FOREST ZONE, WHICH SUGGESTS THE USE OF FOREST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (E.G., C3LATE OPENINGS OF DIFFERENT SIZ°:S, SHAPES, AND ORIENTATIONS IN FOREST OVERSTORIES) IN WATER YIELD I :IPROVEt1ENT PROGRAMS. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY IS TO DEVELOP A TIME -SPACE PREDICTION TECHNIQUE FON EVALUATING AND QUANTIFYING SNOWPACK CONDITIONS IN AND ADJACENT TO FOREST OPENINGS IN TERMS OF WHETHER AN INCREASE IN WATER EQUIVALENT HAS OCCURRED. IF AN INCREASE WAS OBSERVED, THEN THE PHYSICAL TRADE-OFF BETWEEN THE INCREASED WATER EQUIVALENT AND THE DECREASED FOREST OVERSTORY CAN BE DEFINED. THIS INFORMATION IS PREREQUISITE TO THE SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF WATER YIELD IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMS BASED ON FOREST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES.

FOREST MANAGEMENT /SNJWMELT /SNOWPACKS /MELT WATER /WATER YIELD IMPROVEMENT/ ARIZONA

0032

INVESTIGATION OF MUNICIPAL WASTE WATER CONSTITUENTS DETRIMENTAL TO FROTH FLOTATION RECOVERY OF COPPER AND MOLYBDENUM SULFIDES.

FISHER, W.W. /RUDY, S. ARIZONA BUREAU OF MINES, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 55721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 76/9 -30 -77

LEVEL 3F FUNDING: S 9100

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

INA PREVIOUS INVESTIGATION THE SUBSTITUTION OF SECONDARY TREATED SEWAGE EFFLUENT FOR HIGH QUALITY GROUNDWATER IN FROTH FLOTATION RECOVERY OF COPPER SULFIDES WAS FOUND TO HAVE SEVERAL DETRIMENTAL CONSEQUENCES. THE OBJECTIVES OF TtIIS STUDY ARE TO ISOLATE AND DEFINE THE CONSTITUENTS OF MUNICIPAL WASTE WATER DETRIMENTAL TO FROTH FLOTATION RECOVERY OF COPPER AND MOLYBDENUM SULFIDES. T:iE PROJECT WILL BE CARRIED OUT BY 1) REMOVING AND ISOLATING DETRI- MENTAL CONSTITUENTS BY TECHNIQUES SUCE AS FILTRATION, FOAM FRACTIONATION, ION FLOTATION, ACTIVATED CARBON ADSORPTION, AND ION EXCHANGE, 2)CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF SECONDARY TREATED SEWAGE EFFLUENT, TERTIARY TREATED EFFLUENT AND EXTRACTS PRODUCED BY THE ISOLATION TECHNIQUES, AND 3)SELECTIVE DOPING OF DEMINERALIZED WATER IN ORDER TO DUPLICATE OBSERVED DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS. THE RESULTS OF THIS STUDY WILL B3 VALUABLE IN DEVELOPING SPECIFIC TEITIARY TREATMENT TECHNIQUES FOR THE UTILIZATION OF MUNICIPAL WASTE WATER IN MINERAL PROCESSING.

GROUNDWATER / iMUNICIPAL WASTES /SEWAGE EFFLUENTS /FROTH FLOTATION /FILTRATION/ FOAM FRACTIONATION/ IONS /ACTIVATED CARBON /ADSORPTION /ION EXCHANGE /ARIZONA

23 0033

REPRODUCTIVE TEMPERATURE TOLERANCE OF A DESERT .

GERKING, S.D. ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY, TEMPE, ARIZONA 85281

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: CALIFORNIA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -74

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 40,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: ENERGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION

REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF BREEDING PAIRS OF AN INBRED STRAIN OF CYPRINODON N. NEVADENSIS WAS TESTED AT A SERIES CF CONSTANT AND DAILY FLUCTATING TEMPERATURES. OPTIMUM EGG PRODUCTION, AS DETERMINED BY PROPORTION OF DAYS SPAWNING, EGGS PER SPAWNING, EGGS PER DAY PER GRAM, AND HATCHING SUCCESS, OCCURRED AT 24 THROUGH 30 C AND 32 -28 AND 36-28 C. THE LOWER LIMIT IS SLIGHTLY BELOW 20 C AND THE UPPER LIMIT IS 34 C. THE MAXIMUM DAYTIME TEMPERATURE FOR EGG PRODUCTION UNDER FLUCTUATING TEMPERATURE REGIMES IS SLIGHTLY GREATER THAN THE MAXIMUM ACHIEVED UNDER CONSTANT CONDITIONS. ALSO, OOGENESIS IS THE MOST TEMPERATURE SENSITIVE PHASE OF THE LIFE CYCLE.

REPRODUCTION /FISH REPRODUCTION /TEMPERATURE /SPAWNING /CALIFORNIA

PUBLICATIONS:

NAI4AN, R.J., S.D. GERKING AND T.D. RATCLIFF. 1973, "THERMAL ENVIRONMENT OF A PUPFISH," COPEIA, 1973, 2:366 -369. OTTO, R.G. AND S.D. GERKING. 1973." HEAT TOLERANCE OF A DEATH VALLEY PUPFISH (GENUS CYPRINODON)," PHYSIOL. ZOOL., 46:43-49. SHRODE, J.H. 1975. "DEVELOPMENTAL TEMPERATURE TOLERANCE OF A DEATH VALLEY. PUPFISH( )," PHYSIOL. ZOOL., (IN PRESS).

0034

WATER QUALITY TRANSFORMATIONS AND GROUNDWATER RECHARGE OF SEWAGE EFFLUENT RELEASES IN AN EPHEMERAL STREAM CHANNEL.

INCE, S.S. /PHILLIPS, R. A. /WILSON, L.G. CIVIL ENGINEERING /CIVIL ENGINEERING /WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1- 74/6 -30 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 5700

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

CHARACTERISTICS OF SURFACE FLOW AND THE RELATED GROUNDWATER RECHARGE OF THE CITY OF TUCSON SEWAGE EFFLUENT RELEASES IN AN ELEVEN - REACH OF THE SANTA CRUZ RIVER WERE INVESTIGATED. REPRESENTATIVE INFILTRATION RATES WERE EVALUATED AT DIFFERENT STREAM SECTIONS. RESULTS INDICATE THAT THE INFILTRATION RATES VARIED BETWEEN 2 CUBIC FEET PER SECOND(CFS) /MILE AND 5 CFS /MILE. HOWEVER, DIFFERENT INFILTRATION RATES MAY PREVAIL DURING DIFFERENT MEASUREMENT PERIODS. WATER SAMPLES WERE OBTAINED IN ACCESS WELLS LOCATED WITHIN THE PROJECT AREA SHOWING THAT NITROGEN TRANSFORMATION TRENDS AT DIFFERENT LOCATIONS MAY BE RELATED TO SEWAGE EFFLUENT RELEASES. IN ADDITION, PHYSIOCHEMICAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF SEWAGE EFFLUENT RELEASES SHOW THAT BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND AND DISSOLVED OXYGEN INCREASE DOWNSTREAM INDICATINq THAT NITRIFICATION AND ALGAL GROWTH ARE OCCURRING MORE RAPIDLY T:iAN NORMALLY EXPECTED.

24 SEEPAGE / NATURAL RECHARGE/EPHEMERAL STREAMS /MATER POLLUTION /SEWAGE EFFLUENTS/ ALGAE /WATER QUALITY /CHEMICAL PROPERTIES /INFILTRATION RATES /NITRIFICATION/ ARIZONA

PUBLICATIONS:

SEBENIK, P.G.,1975, "RELATIONSHIPS OF DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND IN SEWAGE EFFLUENT RELEASES," M.S. THESIS, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING.

0035

ORGANIC QUALITY OF GROUNDWATER.

KASPER, D.R. CIVIL ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 75/6 -30 -76

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 6100

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THE PROPOSED INVESTIGATION WILL ATTEMPT TO CORRELATE ORGANIC LEVELS IN GROUNDWATERS WITH THE AMOUNTS OF WASTEWATER RECHARGED INTO THE BASIN. ORGANIC LEVELS WILL BE DETERMINED BY THE MODIFIED CARBON CHLOROFORM EXTRACT AND THE CARBON ALCOHOL EXTRACT METHODS AS RECOMMENDED BY THE EPA. EVALUATION OP ORGANIC LEVELS BY THESE ANALYTIC METHODS AS SPECIFIED IN THE NEW, 1974 EPA DRINKING WATER STANDARDS IS A PRIMARY GOAL. NO PLANS EXIST AT THE PRESENT TIME TO IDENTIFY SPECIFIC COMPOUNDS PRESENT. SAMPLING SITES WILL BE SELECTED BY REVIEWING AVAILABLE HYDROLOGIC DATA CONCERNING THE RELATIVE AMOUNTS OF WASTEWATER AID NATURAL WATERS RECHARGED INTO LOCALIZED AREAS. SITES WILL BE CHOSEN IN AREAS RECEIVING LARGE AMOUNTS OF WASTEWATER RECHARGE AND IN AREAS RECEIVING NO WASTEWATER RECHARGE.

WASTE WATER /WATER REUSE /GROUNDWATER /RECHARGE /ORGANIC COMPOUNDS /ARIZONA

00 36

A PILOT STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF CHANGE IN STREAM REGIMEN BELOW GLEN CANTON DAM ON THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE COLORADO RIVER.

LAURSEN, E.M. /I NCE ,S.S. CIVIL ENGINEERING /HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER ABOVE PARKER DAM

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 72/6 -30 -73

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 5000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

25 WITH THE CLOSURE OF GLEN DAM, THE FLO:ti REGIMEN AND THE SEDIMENT REGIMEN OF THE COLORADO RIVER BELOW THE DAM THROUGH THE DOWN TO THE HEADWATERS OF , WAS ALTERED. THE CAPACITY AND COMPETENCE OF THE RIVER TO TRANSPORT SEDIMENT IS SPATIALLY AND TEMPORALLY DIFFERENT FROM ITS PREVIOUSLY NATURAL AND WILD STATE. THE RATES OF SCOUR AND THE DEPOSITION AND THE EVENTUAL LIMITING MORPHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS SHOULD BE A MATTER OF CONCERN BECAUSE OF THE IMPACT ON A)THE RECREATIONAL ASPECTS B)THE POLLUTION AND BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS C)THE PRESERVATION OF THE NATURAL CONDITIONS OF A WILD AND SCENIC RIVER. A STUDY OF PAST REGIMEN CHANGES IN THE COLORADO RIVER CAUSED BYN:AN -MADE IITERFERENCES, AND A COMPARISON BETWEEN PAST AND PRESENT FLOW AND SEDIMENT BUDGETS BELOW DAM WOULD ALLOW A PROJECTION TO FUTURE MORPHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS THAT ARE LIKELY TO ENSUE.

COLORADO RIVER /SEDIMENT TRANSPORT /CHANNEL MORPHOLOGY /SAND BARS /EROSION/ REGIMEN /ARIZONA /LAKE MEAD /

0037

WATER QUALITY INVENTORY OF STREAMS IN THE TONTO NATIONAL FOREST.

LEFFERT, R.L. TONTO NATIONAL FOREST, 102 S. 22ND STREET, PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85025

AREA(S)OF RESEARCH: SALT RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH 1958 /CONTINUING

INVENTORY SYSTEM OF 16 STATIONS TO MONITOR CHEMICAL DATA, SOME BOTTOM FAUNA INFORMATION AND SOME BACTERIAL INFORMATION. INVENTORY COVERS 6 LIVE STREAMS ON THE TONTO NATIONAL FOREST. SAMPLING IS DONE SIX TIMES PER YEAR WITH SOME STATIONS MONITORED MONTHLY. DATA IS AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST FROM THE FOREST HYDROLOGIST, TONTO NATIONAL FOREST.

WATER QUALITY /BACTERIA /STREAMS /PERENNIAL STREAMS /INVERTEBRATES /FAUNA /ARIZONA

0038

STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF SUMMER HOMES ON CAMP CREEK.

LEFFERT, R.L. TONTO NATIONAL FOREST, 102 S. 22ND STREET, PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85025

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SALT RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -75 /CONTINUING

A STUDY ON THE POSSIBLE EFFECTS OF SUMMER HOMES ON CAMP CREEK IS ONGOING. CHEMICAL, BACTERIAL AND NUTRIENT ANALYSIS ON THE CREEK AT THREE SAMPLE POINTS ALONG THE STREAM ARE BEING COLLECTED MONTHLY. IN TOTAL, 13 PARAMETERS ARE BEING OBSERVED. INFORMATION IS AVAILABLE THROUGH THE FOREST HYDROLOGIST, TONTO NATIONAL FOREST.

ARTZONA /COLIFORMS /BACTERIA /NUTRIENTS /WATEP QUALITY /REASONABLE USE /PARAMETERS/ RECREATION FACILITIES /STREAMS

0039

FECAL COLIFORM INVESTIGATION ON CANYON AND LAKES.

LEFFERT, R.L. TONTO NATIONAL FOREST, 102 S. 22ND STREET, PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85025

26 AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SALT RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -75 /CONTINUING

A STUDY OF THE FECAL COLIFORM BACTERIA CONTENT IN SAGUARO AND CANYON LAKES HAS BEEN INITIATED. THE SELECTED STUDY SITES ARE BUTCHER JONES BEACH AREA 3N SAGUARO LAKE, AND ACACIA AND LAGUNA BEACHES ON . FECAL COLIFORA SAMPLES ARE COLLECTED 5 TINES MONTHLY FROM JUNE TO SEPTEMBER AND MONTHLY FROM OCTOBER TO MAY. INITIAL RESULTS SHOW THE BACTERIA CONTENT OF SWIMMING WATER TO BE HIGHLY VARIABLE. ATTEMPTS TO CORRELATE BACTERIA WITH SWIMMING DENSITY, TURBIDITY AND THE LAKE SHOW NO SIGNIFICANT PATTERNS. INFORMATION IS AVALIABLE THROUGH THE FOREST HYDROLOGIST, TONTO NATIONAL FOREST.

ARIZONA /COLIFORMS /BACTERIA /NUTRIENTS /'WATER QUALITY /SWIMMING /LAKES/ CANYON LAKE /SAGUARO LAKE

0040

THE EFFECTS OF COPPER MINING ON A SMALL ARIZONA STREAM.

LEFFERT, R.L. TONTO NATIONAL FOREST, 102 S. 22ND STREET, PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85025

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SALT RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 9 -74 /CONTINUING

ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF A COPPER MINE ON THE WATER QUALITY OF PINTO CREEK. DATA HAS BEEN COLLECTED ON A BIWEEKLY BASIS SINCE SEPT. 1974. TWENTY- SEVEN PARAMETERS AR ANALYZED AND DOCUMENTED. SUPPLEMENTAL STUDIES ARE BEING CARRIED OUT ON THE AQUATIC HABITAT OF PINTO CREEK. INFORMATION IS AVAILABLE ON THE TONTO NATIONAL FOREST FROM THE FOREST HYDROLOGIST. WATER QUALITY DATA IS AVAILABLE FROM THE ARIZONA STATE HEALTH DEPARTMENT, WATER QUALITY CONTROL DEPARTMENT.

RIPARIAN WATERS /STREAMS /ARIZONA /COPPER MINING /:LATER QUALITY /PINTO CREEK/ RIPARIAN PLANTS / PARAMETERS

0041

WATER RESOURCES OF THE SEDONA AREA.

LEVINGS, G.W. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, FLAGSTAFF, ARIZONA 86001

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SALT RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1973/1976

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: ARIZONA WATER COMMISSION

THE PURPOSE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO INVENTORY AVAILABLE WATER RESOURCES DATA IN THE SEDONA AREA. INCLUDED WILL BE INFORMATION REGARDING GROUNDWATER AVAILABILITY, SURFACE WATER RESOURCES, SPRING PLOW, WATER QUALITY DATA, AND CONSUMPTIVE USE IN THE AREA.

WATER RESOURCES /DATA COLLECTIONS /CONSUMPTIVE USE /ARIZONA /GROUNDWATER/ WATER QUALITY /LIMESTONES

27 00142

BLACK MESA MONITORING PROGRAM.

LEVINGS, G.W. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, WATER RESOURCES DIVISION, P.O. BOX 253, FLAGSTAFF, ARIZONA 96001

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LITTLE COLORADO RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -71 /CONTINUING

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: ARIZONA WATER COMMISSION

TO MONITOR CHANGES Ii4 THE POTENTIOMETRIC SURFACE OF THE SANDSTONE AQUIFER NEAR BLACK MESA RESULTING FROM WITHDRAWALS OP WATER FOR TRANSPORTATION OF COAL BY SLURRY PIPE-LINING. A NETWORK OF SIX OBSERVATION WELLS WAS ESTABLISHED TO PROVIDE CONTINUOUS WATER LEVEL CATA. SEVERAL EXISTING WELLS, WHICH HAVE SOME PRE- PUMPAGE WATER LEVEL DATA, ARE MEASURED ANNUALLY. PUMPAGE AT SEVERAL COMMUNITIES IS METERED TO DETERMINE GROUNDWATER WITHDRAWALS FOR THE AREA. WHEN SUFFICIENT DATA BECOMES AVAILABLE TO REPRODUCE THE GROUNDWATER SYSTEM, A DI3ITAL MODEL WILL BE DEVELOPED.

SLURRIES /WATER LEVEL FLUCTUATIONS /GROUNDWATER /WATER UTILIZATION /ARIZONA/ BLACK :MESA /STRIP MINING /AQUIFERS

PUPLICATIONS:

MCG'VOCK, E.H. AND G.W. LEVINGS, "GROUNDWATER IN THE NAVAJO SANDSTONE IN THE BLACK MESA AREA, ARIZONA," GUIDEBOOK OF MONUMENT VALLEY AND VICINITY, ARIZONA, UTAH, GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY, 24TH FIELD CONFERENCE, OCTOBER 4 -6,1973.

0043

MODELING SOIL WATER MOVEMENT FOR TRICKLE IRRIGATION.

LOMEN, D.O. /WARRICK, A.W. UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER BELOW PARKER DAM

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 73/8 -75

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: ARIZONA, STATE OF OWRT

SOLUTIONS OF THE TIME DEPENDENT LINEARIZED SOIL MOISTURE FLOW EQUATION HAVE BEEN COMPLETED F03 POINT, LINE STRIP, DISC AND RING SOURCES. THESE SOLUTIONS WERE USED TO SIMULATE TIME DEPENDENT MOISTURE REGIMES FOR VARIOUS GEOMETRIES USED IN TRICKLE IRRIGATION. THEY ARE ALSO USEFUL AS A CHECK FOR ELABORATE FINITE DIFFERENCE OR FINITE ELEMENT SCHEMES FOR SOLVING THE NONLINEAR MOISTURE FLOW EQUATIONS. FOR ONE- DIMENSIONAL STEADY STATE FLOW, ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS :ERE OBTAINED FOR SEVEN TYPES OF PLANT WATER WITHDRAWAL FUNCTIONS DEPENDING ON THE FLUX POTENTIAL AS WELL AS THE DEPTH BELOW THE SURFACE. SOLUTIONS TO THE LINEARIZED MOISTURE FLOW EQUATIONS WITH A POINT SOURCE HAVE BEEN COiIPARED WITH THE FINITE DIFFERENCE SOLUTION OF THE NONLINEAR EQUATIONS OF BRANDT EL AL, AS WELL AS WITH FIELD DATA MEASURED ON SANDY SOIL IN YUMA AID THE SINAI. THESE COMPARISONS WERE VERY FAVORABLE BUT DEMONSTRATED THAT CARE OUST BE TAKES IN APPLYING THE MODEL TO PROBLEMS INVOLVING LARGE FLUCTUATIONS IN :MOISTURE. CONTENT. TWO FIELD EXPERIMENTS FOR .MEASURING EVAPOTRANSPIRATION UNDER TRICKLE IRRIGATION WERE iIADE IN CITRUS GROVES NEAR YUMA. THE OBJECTIVES OF THESE MEASUREMENTS WERE TO STUDY THE WATER UPTAKE DISTRIBUTION IN THE CLOSE VICINITY OF A TREE AND THE ìiICROCLIiMATE OF A GROVE UNDER TRICKLE IRRIGATION. DATA OBTAINED DURING THESE FIELD TRIPS GILL BE USED TO ANALYZE. THE IRRIGATION POLICY OF THE FARMERS IN YUMA AND TO COMPARE WITH THE PREDICTICNS OF THE CORRESPONDING MAIHENATICAL MODELS.

28 TRICKLE IRRIGATION /MUDEL STUDIES /SOIL WATER MOVEMENT /MOISTURE CONTENT/ EVAPOTRANSPIRATION /ON -SITE DATA COLLECTIONS /ARIZONA

0044

CLOGGING POTENTIAL OF COLORADO RIVER WATER IN TRICKLE IRRIGATION SYSTEMS.

NAKAYAMA, F.S. U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY, 4331 E. BROADWAY, PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85040

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER BELOW PARKER DAM

DATES OF RESEARCH: 11- 74/12 -77

LEVEL OF FUNDING: á 19,000 ANNNUM

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION

PILOT TRICKLE IRRIGATION EQUIPMENT WILL BE SET UP IN AN ESTABLISHED CITRUS ORCHARD IN THE WELLTON- MOHAWK IRRIGATION DISTRICT. 'WATER TREATMENT WILL INCLUDE FILTRATION (SCREEN AND SAND), AND HYPOCHLORITE AND ACID TREATMENTS ONA CONTINUOUS AND INTERMITTENT BASIS. FLOW RATES WILL BE MEASURED TO DETERMINE EMITTER PERFORMACE UNDER THE VARIOUS TREATMENT COMBINATIONS. CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, AND PHYSICAL WATER QUALITY OF THE RIVER WATER, TREATED WATER, AND FIELD SAMPLES WILL BE MONITORED EIWEEKLY. OBJECTIVES ARE 1)TO ASSESS THE CLOGGING POTENTIAL OF COLORADO RIVER WATER USED IN TRICKLE IRRIGATION TO ANTICIPATE PROBLEMS WHICH MIGHT ARISE; 2) TO DEVELOP GUIDELINES FOR THE FILTRATION, FLUSHING, AND CHEMICAL TREATMENT REQUIREMENTS FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF DRIP EMITTERS TO PREVENT CLOGGING.

CLOGGING /TRICKLE IRRIGATION /DRIP IRRIGATION /WATER TREATMENT /FILTRATION/ WATER QUALITY /ARIZONA /COLORADO RIVER

0045

WATER REQUIREMENTS AND WATER CONSERVATION MEASURES ASSOCIATED WITH MINING IN THE ARID ENVIRONMENT.

PETERS, W.C. /DOTSON, J.C. /CALL, R.D. MINING & GEOLOGICAL EENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1- 72/6-30 -73

LEVEL OF FUNDING: 3 7800

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

INFORMATIONAL GUIDELINES FOR WATER BUDGET ESTIMATES AND CONSERVATION MEASURES IN THE DESIGN OF MINING AND MINERAL PROCESSING SYSTEMS IN THE CONTEXT OF ARIZONA'S CLIMATE, GEOLOGY, AND GEOMORPHIC ENVIRONMENT. AN ENGINEERING EVALUATION WILL BE MADE WITH THE OBJECTIVE OF PROVIDING A BASIS FOR PREDICTIONS OF THE MINING INDUSTRY'S REQUIREMENTS IN ARIZONA'S COMPREHENSIVE PLANNING FOR WATER MANAGEMENT.

WATER RESOURCES PLANNING/WATER DEMAND /MINING /'WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT /ARIZONA/ HYDROLOGIC BUDGET

29 (046

LITTLE COLORADO RIVES BASIN TYPE IV STUDY

ROCKENBAUGH, T.G. SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE, 6029 FEDERAL BLDG., 230 N. FIRST AVENUE, PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85025

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LITTLE COLORADO RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1975

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: NE4 MEXICO STATE ENGINEER U.S. SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE U.S. FOREST SERVICE ARIZONA WATER COMMISSION U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ECONOMIC RESEARCH SERVICE, USDA

THE TYPE IV STUDY IS FOR THE PURPOSE OF 1)IDENTIFYING AND EVALUATING ALTERNTIVE SOLUTIONS TO THE WATER AND RELATED LAND RESOURCE PROBLEMS OF THE BASIN THROUGH PROJECTS AND PROGRAMS OF THE BASIN AND PROGRAMS OF USDA AND OTHER AGENCIES. THE STUDY IS EXPECTED TO PROVIDE ALTERNATIVE PLANS FOR UPSTREAM FLOOD PREVENTION, WATERSHED MANAGEMENT, AND IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT.

LITTLE COLORADO RIVER /FLOODPROOFING /IRRIGATION PROGRAMS /NEW MEXICO /ARIZONA/ FLOODING /SEDIMENTATION/ EROSION /SOILS /RECREATION /VEGETATION /SALINITY /EMPLOYMENT/ WATER SPORTS /FISHING /LAND TENURE /WATERSHED MANAGEMENT

0047

SANTA CRUZ -SAN PEDRO RIVER BASIN TYPE AND SURVEY.

PETERSON, J.W. SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE, 6029 FEDERAL BLDG., 230 N. FIRST AVENUE, PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85025

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SAN PEDRO RIVER SANTA CRUZ RIVER

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE

RIVER BASINS /GROUNDWATER /CROP PRODUCTION /WATER RESOURCES /ARIZONA /SURVEYS

PUPLICATIONS:

"GROUND WATER HYDROLOGY VERIFICATION MODEL, DOUGLAS BASIN, ARIZONA," 1973 "RESOURCE INVENTORY, SANTA CRUZ -SAN PEDRO RIVER BASINS," FEB.1976 "ESTIMATED CROP YIELD RESPONSE INCREMENTS AND ASSOCIATED INPUTS RESULTING FROM SPECIFIED TYPES OF PLANNED ACTION, SANTA CRUZ -SAN PEDRC TYPE IV AREA," RB-30 COMMITTEE REPORT

0048

PHYSICOCHEMICAL TRANSFORMATIONS WITHIN EPHEMERAL STREAMBEDS RELATED TO SEWAGE EFFLUENT RELEASES.

PHILLIPS, R.A. /WILSON, L.G. CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPT. /WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER

30 DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 72/6 -30 -74

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 14,500

EFFLUENT FLJW STUDIES BETWEEN CORTARO ROAD AND RLLLITC NARROWS, WHICH ARE RESPECTIVELY 5.0 AND 11.3 RIVER MILES DOWNSTREAM FROa THE TUCSON SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT JN THE SANTA CRUZ RIVER WERE MADE. RESULTS SHOWED THAT BETWEEN THE TUCSON SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT AND CORTARO ROAD, A SIGNIFICANT CHANGE IN FILTRATION RATES OCURRED BETWEEN THE T40 SAMPLING YEARS WHICH MAY BE RELATED TO CHANGES IN STREAM GEOMETRY AND COMPOSITION. WATER QUALITY SAMPLES WERE ALSO TAKEN AS AN EFFLUENT FLOW PARCEL PROCEEDED DOWNSTREAM. WATER QUALITY DATA SEEMS TO INDICATE THAT BOTH NITRIFICATION AND LENITRIFICATION £AY OCCUR SIMULTANEOUSLY WITHIN THE SAME STREAMBED PROFILE. KINEMATIC WAVE AND NITROGEN TRANSFORMATION MODELS WERE ALSO DEVELOPED FROM PREVIOUSLY COLLECTED HYDRAULIC AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL VALUES OF SEWAGE EFFLUENT RELEASES. COMPARISON BETWEEN MEASURED AND SIMULATED HYDROGRAPHS AT TWO ESTABLISHED STATIONS SHOWED EXCELLENT AGREEMENT. HJWEVER, COMPARISON BETWEEN MEASURED AND PREDICTED NITROGEN SPECIES CONCENTRATIONS INDICATED FAIR RESULTS.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES /EPHEMERAL STREAMS /WATER POLLUTION /SEWAGE EFFLUENTS /WATER QUALITY /CHEMICAL PROPERTIES /GAGING STATIONS /DATA COLLECTIONS /NITRIFICATION/ DENITRIFICATION /ARIZONA

PUBLICATIONS:

SEBENIK, P.G., 1975 "PHYSICOCHEMICAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF SEWAGE EFFLUENT RELEASES IN AN EPHEMERAL STREAM CHANNEL," M.S. THESIS, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, DEPT. OF HYDROLOGY AID WATER RESOURCES. SEBENIK, P.G., C.B. CLUFF, AND K.J. DECOOK, 1972, "NITROGEN SPECIES TRANSFORMATIONS OF SEWAGE EFFLUENT RELEASES IN A DESERT STREAM CHANNEL," HYDROLOGY AID WATER RESOURCES IN ARIZONA AND THE SOUTHWEST, VOL. II, PP. 257 -253.

0049

ENERGY COSTS OF WASTEWATER REUSE.

PINGRY, DIVISION OF ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS RESEARCH, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 74/6 -30 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 9550

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THE PROPOSED PROJECT WILL RESULT IN ESTIMATES OF ENERGY COSTS, TOTAL COSTS AND ENERGY USE OF WASTE4ATER TREATMENT PLANTS. THE SAMPLE OF PLANTS IS DRAWN FROM ARIZONA AND CONSISTS OF PLANTS WHICH ARE OE COULD BE ENGAGED IN SUPPLYING WATER FOR REUSE. DATA GATHERED FROM THE SELECTED PLANTS WILL BE USED TO ESTIMATE FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS EETWEEN Tt'E DEPENDENT VARIABLES, ENERGY COST, ENERGY USE, TOTAL COST, AND THE INDEPENDENT DESIGN CAPACITY USED. THE RESULTING FUNCTIONS WILL BE USED TC ESTIMATE NET WATER GAIN FROM REUSE (I.E., WATER RELEASED BECAUSE OF REUSE MINUS WATER USED TO PRODUCE ENERGY CONSUMED IN REUSE.) IN ADDITION, AN ESTIMATE WILL BE MADE OF THE RELATIVE PRICE STRUCTURE WHICH MAKES REUSE ECONOMICALLY FEASIBLE.

WASTE WATER TREATMENT /ARIZONA /WATER REUSE/ECONOMETRICS/ESTIMATED COSTS/ WATER COSTS

31 0050

DEVELOPMENT ANO EVALUATION OF IMPROVED FILMS FOR SUPPRESSING WATER EVAPORATION.

REISER, C.O. ENGINEERING RESEARCH CENTER, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY, TEMPE, ARIZONA 85281

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 12 -1- 74/6 -30 -76

LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 5000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THIS PROJECT PROPOSES TO 1) EVALUATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CHEMICAL FILMS IN EVAPORATION CONTROL AT HIGH WIND SPEEDS WHERE THE SPRAY FROM BREAKING WAVES ON UNTREATED SURFACE IS CONSIDERED A MAJOR CAUSE OF HIGH EVAPORATION RATES. 2) COMPARE CHEMICAL HOMOLOGS AND THEIR MIXTURES FOR EFFECTIVENESS IN WAVE SUPPRESSION WITH INCREASING 'WIND SPEEDS. SURFACE FILMS USED IN FIELD TESTS HAVE GENERALLY SEEN DESTROYED AS WIND VELOCITIES APPROACH 7 M /SEC. 3) EVALUATE THE ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF USING IMPROVED FILMS FOR EVAPORATION CONTROL. IN PURSUING THIS INVESTIGATION A SMALL WATER-WIND TUNNEL WITH AN AIR PASSAGE APPROXIMATELY 9 INCHES SQUARE BY 20 FEET LONG WILL BE USED TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE VARIOUS CHEMICAL FILAS IN DAMPENING SMALL CAPILLARY WAVES WHICH ARE CONSIDERED TO BE A MAJOR FACTOR IN EVAPORATION AND THE DESTRUCTION OF SURFACE SLICKS. MIXTURES SUCH AS LONGCHAIN ALCOHOLS AND THEIR ETHYLENE OXIDE DERIVATIVES WILL BE COMPARED WITH MATERIALS SUCH AS POLYVINYL ACETATE AND OLEYL MIXTURES THAT ARE SAID TO HAVE BETTER COMPRESSION EXPANSION PROPERTIES BUT PERFORM POORLY IN ORDINARY EVAPORATION SUPPRESSION TESTS. A SENSITIVE METER FOR MOISTURE IN THE AIR SUCH AS A BRIDGE TYPE CONDUCTIVITY METER WILL BE USED TO DETERMINE THE EVAPORATION RATES OBTAINED UNDER DYNAMIC CONDITIONS OF HIGH WIND VELOCITY FOR A COMPARISON OF EVAPORATION SUPPRESSION PROPERTIES. THE RESULTS OBTAINED WILL BE USED TO ESTIMATE MATERIAL AND EQUIPMENT COST FOR THE PREDICTION OF THE COST OF WATER SAVED BY AN EVAPORATION CONTROL SYSTEM USING OPTIMAL MATERIALS AND PROCESSES.

WAVES(WATER) /ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY /WIND VELOCITY /FILMS /EVAPORATION CONTROL/ WINDS /ARIZONA

0051

íMAIHEMATICAL SIMULATION OF RUNOFF AND MOVEMENT OF SEDIMENT AND OTHER POLLUTANTS FROM NONPOINT SOURCES ON RANGELANC WATERSHEDS.

LANE, L.J. SOUTHWEST WATERSHED RESEARCH CENTER, 442 E. SEVENTH STREET, TUCSON, A!2IZONA 35705

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SAN PEDRO RIVER SANTA CRUZ RIVER

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE, USDA

HYDROLOGY AND SEDIMENT PRODUCTION OF AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS IN ARID AND SEMIARID AREAS OF THE SOUTHWEST. DERIVATION OF AND IMPLEMENTATION OF EYDROLOGIC SIMULATION MODELS AS THE BASIS (TRANSPORT) FOR RESEARCH INTO THE MOVEMENT OF SEDIMENT AND OTHER POLLUTANTS FROM NONPOINT SOURCES ON RANGELAND WATERSHEDS. MATHEMATICAL MODELS FOR SEDIMENT PRODUCTION AND MOVEMENT THROUGH THE WATERSHED SYSTEM. RELATION OF GEOMORPHIC FEATURES TO NON- UNIFORM RUNOFF AND EROSION RATES. INCORPORATION OF SIGNIFICANT GEOMORPHIC FEATURES INTO RAINFALL-RUNOFF -SEDIMENT SIMULATION MODELS FOR GAGEC AND UNGAGED BASINS. RAINFALL -RUNOFF -SEDIMENT SIMULATION VIA KINEMATIC CASCADE MODEL. MODEL PARAMETERS ESTIMATED FROM GEOMORHPIC FEATURES OF WATERSHED USING STATISTICAL, GOODNESS -OF -FIT CRITERIA, FOR MODEL -PROTOTYPE CORRESPONDENCE AND DEGREE OF SIMILARITY OF HYDROLOGIC RESPONSES. SIMULATION CF EROSION FROM HYDRODYNAMICS OF OVERLAND AND OPEN CHkNNEL FLOW INCLUDING AVERAGE SHEAR STRESS. SEDIMENT CONCENTRATION FROM DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS FOR CONCENTRATION COUPLED WITH THE KINEMATIC CASCADE MODEL. 32 HYDROLOGY /~.ROSIJN /SEDIMENTATION /!ATHEMATICAL MCDPLS /AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS/ NNPOINT POLLUTANTS/ SIMULATION /GEOMORPHIC FEATURES /RANGELANDS /ARIZONA/ NEW MEXICO /WATERSHED MANAGEMENT

PUFLICATIONS:

LANE, L.J., D.A. WOOLHISER, AND V. YEVJEVICH. "INFLUENCE OF SIMPLIFICATIONS IN WATERSHED GEOMETRY IN SIMULATION OF SURFACE RUNOFF," CSU HYDROLOGY PAPER NO. 81, 50 P. DEC. 1975 RENARD, K.G., AND L.J. LANE, "SEDIMENT YIELD AS RELATED TU A STOCHASTIC MODEL OF EPHEAERAL RUNOFF," USDA- ARS -S -40, PROC. OF OXFORD WORKSHOP, 1975. LANE, L.J. AND D.A. W00LHI.SER, "SI?IPLICIFICATIONS OF WATERSHED GEOMETRY AFFECTING SIMULATION OF SURFACE RUNOFF," JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY, 1976. LANE, L.J. AND D.E. WALLACE, "SIMULATION OF PARTIAL AREA RESPONSE FROM, A SMALL SE.`LARID WATERSHED," PROC.1976 JOINT AWRA -ARIZ. ACADEMY OF SCIENCE MEETINGS, A2RIL 1976, TUCSON, ARIZONA.

0052

DEVELOPMENT OF GENERAL PRINCIPLES AND LAND MANAGE:1ENT PRACTICES FOR CONTROLLING WATER INFILTRATION AT THE AIR -EARTH INTERFACE.

DIXON, R.E. SOUTHWEST WATERSHED RESEARCH CENTER, 442 E. SEVENTH STREET, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85705

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SAN PEDRO RIVER SANTA CRUZ RIVER

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE, USDA

TO DEVELOP INFILTRATION CONTROL PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES FOR BETTER USE AND PROTECTION OF RANGELAND SOIL AND WATER RESOURCES. REFINE AIR-EARTH INTERFACE CONCEPT FOR INFILTRATION CONTROL BY DEVELOPING METHODS FOR MEASURING SURFACE MACROPOROSITY AN MICRQROUGHNESS; MEASURING EFFECTIVE SURFACE HEADS, MACRO,- PORO$ITY, AID MICRORJUGHNESS UNDER RANGELAND CCNDITIONS; RELATING MEASURED EFFECTIVE SURFACE HEAD TO THE MACROPOROSITY-- MICROROUGHNESS PARAMETERS; AND, RELATING EFFECTIVE SURFACE HEAD AND THE CONSTANTS IN INFILTRATION -TIME POWER FUNCTIONS. DEVELOP RAINFALL EXCESS AND SURFACE RUNOFF MODELS FROM INFILTRATION AND RAINFALL MODELS FOR THE RANGE OF EFFECTIVE SURFACE HEADS RESULTING FROM NATURAL AID IMPOSED AIR -EARTH INTERFACE GEOMETRIES. DEVELOP AND FIELD -TEST NEW RANGELAND MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTS FOR IMPRINTING INFILTRATION CONTROL GEOMETRIES ON THE SOIL SURFACE.

SURFACE RUNOFF /HYDROLOGY /INFILTRATIION /AIR -EARTH INTERFACES /SOIL SURFACES/ SURFACES /RAKE MANAGEMENT /ARIZONA /NEW MEXICO

PU ELICATIONS:

DIXON, R.M. "INFILTRATION CONTROL THROUGH SOIL SURFACE MANAGEMENT," PROC. OF SYMPOSIUM ON WATERSHED MANAGEMENT. IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE DIV., ASCE. PP. 543 -567. 1975. DIXON, R.M. "DESIGN AND USE OF CLOSED -TOP INFILTROMETERS," SOIL SCI. SOC. AMER. PROC.39 :755 -763. 1975. DIXON, R.M. "INFILTRATION ROLE OF LARGE SOIL PORES; A CHANNEL SYSTEM CONCEPT,' PROCEEDINGS OF THIRD INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR FOE HYDROLOGY PROFESSORS, IHD, NSF, UNESCO, PURDUE UNIVERSITY. 1974. DIXON, R.M. AND D. R.LINDEN, "SOIL AIR PRESSURE AND WATER INFILTRATION UNDER BORDER IRRIGATION," SOIL. SCI. SOC. AMER. PROC. 37:34 -98, 1972.

0053

IRRIGATION METHODS, NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS AND CULTURAL PRACTICES FOR MATURE ORANGE TREES CONVERTED TO PRESSURIZES IRRIGATION METHODS ON THE SANDY MESA.

33 ROTH, R.L. YUMA VALLEY EXPERIMENT STATION, RT. 1 BOX 587, YUMA, ARIZONA 85364

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER BELO.J PARKER DAM

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1 -1- 75/12 -31 -76

LEVEL OP FUNDING: $ 265,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. SALINITY LABORATORY, USDA

OBJECTIVES WERE 1)TO COMPARE TRICKLE, SPRAY, BASIN, AND SPRINKLER METHODS OF IRRIGATION OF MATURE CITRUS TREES THAT HAVE BEEN IRRIGATEL BY THE BORDER FLOOD METHOD. 2) TO DETERMINE FERTILIZER GUIDELINES FOR NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, MICRO -NUTRIENTS, AND MANURE USING MORE EFFICIENT IRRIGATION METHODS. 3) TO DETERMINE THE OPTIMUM NUMBER OF TRICKLE IRRIGATION EMITTERS PER TREE AND AMOUNT OF WATER TO BE APPLIED. 4) TO DETERMINE THE OPTIMUM METHOD OF CONTROLLING HEEDS BY USE OF HERBICIDES, CONTACT SPRAYS, OR MECHANICAL CULTIVATIO'I. 5) TO EXPLORE WAYS OF CONTROLLING INFECTIONS OF PHYTO- PHTHORA ROOT ROT IN TREES IRRIGATED BY MORE EFFICIENT METHODS.

NUTRIENTS /NITROGEN /WEED CONTROL /IRRIGATION EFFICIENCY /ARIZOiNA /CITRUS FRUITS/ IRRIGATION /FER'TILIZEES /CULTURAL CONTROL /TRICKLE IRRIGATION

0054

IMPROVEMENT OF IRRIGATION EFFICIENCIES ON SOILS IN THE LOWER BASIN OF THE COLORADO RIDER

ROTH, R.L.

YUMA VALLEY EXPERIMENT STATION, RT. 1 BOX 587, YUMA, ARIZONA 85364

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER BELOW PARKER DAM

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1 -1- 73/6 -30 -77

LEVEL OF FUNDING: 3 40,000 ANNUM

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION

OBJECTIVES WERE 1)REFINE INFORMATION REGARDING SOIL -WATER RELATIONSHIPS IN SOILS OF THE SOUTHWESTERN PORTION OF YUMA CCUNTY, ARIZONA. 2) DESIGN, TEST AND EVALUATE ALTERNATIVE IRRIGATION SYSTEMS TOWARD OPTIMIZATION OF USE OF IRRIGATION WATER, LABOR, AND CAPITAL AS THE COST AND AVAILABILITY OF WATER CHANGE. 3) MAKE INFOR+IATION DEVELOPED THROUGH THE STUDIES, AS WELL AS FRO3 OTHER SOURCES, PROMPTLY AVAILABLE TO THE LOCAL COMMUNITY OF GROWERS. THROUGH A CONTINUING FIELD DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM.

SOIL MOISTURE /COLORADO RIVER /SOIL -WATER -PLANT RELATIONSHIPS /IRRIGATION SYSTEMS /IRRIGATION EFFICIENCY /ARIZONA /CITRUS FRUITS /COST ANALYSIS

PUBLICATIONS:

ROTH, R.L., "SOIL MOISTURE DISTRIBUTION AND WETTING PATTERN FROM A POINT SOURCE ", PRESENTED AT THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL DRIP IRRIGATION CONGRESS, SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA, JULY 7 -14, 1974 ROTH, R.L., RODNEY, D.R. AND GARDNER, B.R., "CCMPARISON OF IRRIGATION METHODS, ROOTSTOCKS, AND FERTILIZER ELEMENTS ON VALENCIA ORANGE TREES," PRESENTED AT THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL DRIP IRRIGATION CONGRESS, SAN DIEGO, CALIF. JULY 7 -14, 1974.

34 0055

GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATIONS NEAR SUBSIDENCE FISSUPES IN NORTHERN FINAL AND SOUTHERN MARICOPA COUNTIES, ARIZONA.

SAUCK, W.A. /JENN INGS, M. DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY, TEMPE, ARIZONA 85281

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SALT RIVER

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY

Ti{E SUBSIDENCE FISSURES ALONG THE NORTHERN MARGIN OF THE SANTAN MOUNTAINS (OR SOUTHERN íMARGIN OF THE CHANDLER BASIN)ARE BEING MAPPED IN DETAIL. GRAVITY, REFRACTION SEISMIC, AND MAGNETIC METHODS ARE BEING USED TO MAP IGNEOUS-METAiiORPIïIC BASEMENT IN THE VICINITY OF THE SUBSIDENCE FISSURES. THE OBJECT IS TO TEST THE HYPOTHESIS THAT BASEMENT IRREGULARITIES SUCH AS BURIED RIDGES, SCARPS, OR STEEP SLOPES ARE A PRIAARY CONTROL OF THE LOCATION OF FISSURES.

ARIZONA /SUBSIDENCE /FISSURES( GEOLOGIC) / GROUNDWATER /GRAVITY /SEISMOLOGY/ MAGNETIC STUDIES /MAPPING

0056

GEOPHYSICS, HYDROLOGY, AND GEOTHERMAL POTENTIAL OF THE TONOPAH BASIN, MARICOPA COUNTY, ARIZONA.

SAUCK, W.A. /CLORAN, C.A. DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY, ARIZONA STATE. UNIVERSITY, TEMPE, ARIZONA 135281

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SALT RIVER LOWER GILA RIVER

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY

THE PURPOSE OF THE RESEARCH IS TO DETERMINE THE SUBSURFACE GEOLOGY AND STRUCTURE OF THE TONOPAH BASIN. A GRAVITY SURVEY ON A ONE MILE GRID IS IN PROGRESS. THE RESIDUAL BOUGUER GRAVITY ANOMALY WILL BE INTERPRETED BY MODELING VARIOUS DENSITY VS. DEPTH FUNCTIONS. THE RESULT OF THE GRAVITY STUDY WILL BE A RANGE OF POSSIBLE VOLUMES OF SATURATED SEDIMENT IN THE BASIN, AS WELL AS THE LOCATION OF THE STRUCTURAL EOUNtARIES OF THE BASIN. GROUND MAGNETOMETER TRAVERSES ACROSS THE BASIN WILL ALSO BE USED TO HELP ELUCIDATE THE STRUCTURE. MEASUREMENT OF WELL WATER TEMPÉRATURES WILL DEFINE MORE CLEARLY THE TEMPERATURE ANOMALY KNOWN IN THE VICINITY OF THE VILLAGE OF TONOPAH.

ARIZONA /GRAVITY /MAGNETIC STUDIES /GEOTHERMAL STUDIES /GROUNDWATER BASINS/ WELL DATA

0057

GEOLOGIC AND GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE AND THE MARICOPA BASIN, PINAL COUNTY, ARIZONA.

SAUCK, W.A. /POWERS, 3.W., JR. DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY, TEi1PE, ARIZONA 85281

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LOWER GILA RIVER

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY

35 GEOLOGIC MAPPING OF THE PALO VERD3 MOUNTAINS (PRECAMBRIAN) AND THE VALLEY TO THE EAST, THE MARICOPA BASIN, HAS BEEN COMPLETED. OCCURRENCES OF PIPING ANC EARTH FISSURING NAVE BEEN FCUND, THE LATTER PRESUMABLY DUE TO BASIN SUBSIDENCE RESULTING FROM WITHDRAWAL OF GROUNDWATER. EXISTING GRAVITY COVERAGE HAS BEEN SUPPLEMENTED BY 70 MORE STATIONS, ANC TWO -DIMENSIONAL GRAVITY MODELING IS BEING DONE ON SEVERAL WEST -EAST PROFILES ACROSS THE BASIN. STRUCTURAL BOUNDARIES JF THE BASIN AND THE VOLUME OF SATURATED TERTIARY SEDIMENTS WILL BE DETERMINED. OCCURRENCES OF ANOMALOUSLY WARM WELL WATER WILL BE RELATED TO SUBSURFACE STRUCTURE AS DETERMINED BY THE GRAVITY INTERPRETATION.

ARIZONA/ BASINS /SUBSIDENCE /FISSUBES(GEOLOGIC) /GRAVITY /GEOLOGIC MAPPING/ WELL DATA

0058

PREDICTING DISCHARGE ON UNGAGED STREAMS FROM RAINFALL MEASUREMENTS IN SOUTHERN ARIZONA.

SIMPSON, E.S.: /CRERY, D. L. HYDROLOGY DEPARTMENT /USDA AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH DEPARTMENT, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 35721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER

DATES OP RESEARCH: 7- 1- 76/6 -30 -77

LEVEL OF FUNDING: 3 6900

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

RECENT PHYSICALLY- BASED, NONLINEAR, KINEMATIC, WATERSHED MODELS SHOW HIGH PROMISE OF ACCURATELY PREDICTING RUNOFF BASED ON PRECIPITATION AND PHYSICAL DATA FOR A GIVEN WATERSHED. THESE MODELS, HOWEVER, ARE COMPLEX AND REQUIRE MUCH COMPUTER TIME. ANOTHER RECENT MODEL(OR RATHER TYPE OF MODEL) NAMED FINITE STATE MODEL OR FSM IS ONLY QUASI -PHYSICAL AND, IN GENERAL, NONLINEAR BUT SIMPLE AND ECONOMICAL. HOWEVER, THE PARAMETERS OF THE FSM MUST BE OBTAINED BY CALIBRATION AGAINST REAL-WORLD DATA. IN THIS RESEARCH A PHYSICALLY -BASED COMPLEX MODEL WILL 3E USED: 1) TO GUIDE THE CONSTRUCTION OF AN FSM FOR ONE OR MORE WATERSHEDS, AND 2)GENERATE THE DATA AGAINST WHICH THE FSM MUST BE CALIBRATED. DATA FROM AT LEAST ONE GAGED WATERSHED IN SOUTHERN ARIZONA (PROBABLY THE WALNUT. GULCH EXPERIMENTAL WATERSHED) WILL BE USED TO TEST THE "GOODNESS" OF BOTH MODELS. AT THE SAME TIME, THE FSM WILL BE COMPARED TO ANOTHER SIMPLE LINEAR MODEL (PREVIOUSLY DEVELOPED BY CHER ?) WITH REGARD TO ACCURACY AND COST OF OPERATION.

WATERSHEDS (BAENS) /RUNOFF/DISCHARGE (WATER) /S.TRFAMS/RAINFALL/RAINFALL-EUNOFF RELATIONSHIPS /ARIZONA

0059

EFFECTS OF GROUNDWATER PUMPAGE ON SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER FLOWS IN ADJOINING BA SINS.

SIMPSON, E.S. HYDROLOGY AID WATER RESOURCES, UNIVERSITY CF ARIZONA, TUCSON, AíRIZCNA 135721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 75/6 -30 -76

LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 6400

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

36 THE PROPOSED INVESTIGATION WILL DEVELOP A GENERAL MODEL(S) TO PREDICT THE EFFECTS OF GROUNDWATER PU_YPAGE ON SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER FLOiS Id ADJOINING BASINS. THE TYPE LOCALITY FOR THIS STUDY 4ILL BE THE EMPIRE RANCH AREA LOCATED ABOUT 40 MILES SOUTHEAST OF TUCSON IN SANTA CRUZ COUNTY. THE AREA IS UNIQUE IN SOUTHERN ARIZONA IN THAT THREE PERENNIAL STREAMS HEAD IN THE VICINITY OF THE RANCH; CIENEGA CREEK, 3ABOCOMARI RIVER, AND SCNOITA CREEK. THE ADJOINING NATURE AND BASE FLOWS OF THESE BASINS HAKE THE AREA IDEAL FOR A STUDY SUCH AS THIS. THE METHODS OF ATTAINING THE OBJECTIVES WILL BE AS FOLLOWS: 1) EXISTING HYEROGEOLOGICAL DATA WILL BE COLLECTED FOR THE EMPIRE RANCH AREA; 2)TECHNIQUES FOR THE ESTIMATION OF RECHARGE AND UNDERFLOW WILL BE DEVELOPED AND USED THAT ARE INDEPENDENT OF AND MAY BE MORE ACCURATE THAN THOSE CURRENTLY BEING APPLIED IN THE AREA. THE RESULTS WILL BE COMPARED TC THOSE OBTAINED BY THE ARIZONA WATER COMMISSION FOR THE AREA; 3) THE COLLECTED DATA AND ESTIEATES WILL BE USED TO CALIBRATE A COMPUTERIZED MODEL OR MODELS. DURING THE PAST FEW YEARS THREE TYPES OF COMPUTER MODELS HAVE BEEN PROGRAMMED AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA: FINITE DIFFERENCE, FINITE ELEMENT, AND FINITE STATE. THE HYDROLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL DATA WILL BE ANALYZED WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF EACH MODEL; 4) SIMULATION STUDIES WITH THE MODEL(S) WILL BE MADE IN WHICH THE TOTAL VOLUME AND PATTERN OF PUMPAGE IN THE EMPIRE RANCH AREA WILL BE VARIED OVER SOME REASONABLE RANGE OF VALUES. THE EFFECTS OF THE PU: "PAGE WILL THEN BE EVALUATED IN TERMS OF EFFECTS ON THE BASE FLOW AND GROUNDWATER UNDERFLOiiS TO ADJOINING BASINS. ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES TO THE PROBLEM WILL ALSO BE EVALUATED AS THEY BECOME AVAILABLE DURING THE COURSE OF THE STUDY.

GROUNDWATER /GROUNDWATER BASINS /BASE FLOW /COMPUTER MODELS /GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT /ARIZONA /PUMPING

0060

LITTLE CHINO VALLEY GROUNDWATER RESOURCES STUDY.

BRIGGS, P.C. ARIZONA WATER COMMISSION, 222 N. CENTRAL, SUITE 800, PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85004

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SALT RIVER

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: ARIZONA WATER COMMISSION

COLLECT GEOLOGICAL, HYDROLOGICAL, ECONOMIC, AND WATER DEMAND DATA FOR USE IN A DIGITAL MODEL OF THE GROUNDWATER BASIN AND IN A STUDY OF THE FUTURE DEMANDS FOR WATER. SIMULATION OF THE GROUNDWATER RESERVOIR WILL ALLOW DETERMINATION OF THE ADEQUECY OF WATER SUPPLY UNDER PROJECTED DEMANDS FOR EXISTING AND FUTURE WATER USERS IN THE STUDY AREA DURING THE STUDY PERIOD. THE STUDY RESULTS WILL ALSO BECOME INPUT TO THE STATE WATER PLAN.

ARIZONA /GROUNDWATER RESOURCES /MODEL STUDIES /;PATER SUPPLY /AQUIFERS/ WATER DEMAND /GROUNDWATER BASINS

0061

POTENTIALLY BENEFICIAL USES OF SULFURIC ACID IN AGRICULTURE.

STROEHLEIN, J.L. DEPT. OF SOILS, WATER & ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, AZ 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LITTLE COLORADO RIVER UPPER GILA RIVER SULPHUR SPRING VALLEY SANTA CRUZ RIVER LOWER GILA RIVER

37 DATES OF RESEARCH: 8- 73/12 -76

LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 114,496

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: ARIZONA MINING ASSOCIATION

OBJECTIVES WERE TO DETERMINE QUANTITIES OF SULFURIC ACID THAT CAN BE USED TO IMPROVE OR MMAINTAIN THE QUALITY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF SOUTHWESTERN SOILS AND IRRIGATION WATERS THROUGH SULFURIC ACID USE FOR RECLAMATION OF SODIC SOILS, IMPROVING INFILTRATION RATES FOP VARIOUS :TOIL CONDITIONS AND WATER QUALITIES, MAINTAINING THE QUALITY OF AMMONIATED IRRIGATION WATERS AND PREVENTING LOSS OF AMMONIA FERTILIZER, IMPROVING THE AVAILABILITY OF SOIL PHOSPHORUS AND CERTAIN MICRONUTRIENTS IN CALCAREOUS IRRIGATED SOILS, AND ESTABLISHMENT OF GRASSES ON SODIC RANGE SOILS.

IRRIGATED LAND /PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS /ARIZONA /ALKALINE SOILS /CALCAREOUS SOILS/ WATER QUALITY /AMíMONIUM COMPOUNDS /CALCITE /INFILTRATION RATES /RECLAMATION/ SULFUR COMPOUNDS /LAND RECLAMATION

0062

AN INDEX FOR PREDICTING SURFACE WATER QUALITY BASED ON THE VEGETATION OF THE WATERSHED.

STULL, E.A. ECOLOGY E EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7-1-75/6 -30 -77

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 16,550

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THE OBJECTIVE OF THE RESEARCH IS TO DEVELOP AN INDEX TO PREDICT THE AVERAGE OR EXPECTED WATER QUALITY OF SURFACE WATERS IN DIFFERENT REGIONS OF THE STATE OF ARIZONA. WATER QUALITY INFORMATION FROM SEVERAL SOURCES WILL BE SUMMARIZED TO DESCRIBE THE REGIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LAKES. DIFFERENCES IN WATER QUALITY WITHIN THE STATE WILL BE CORRELATED WITH REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY, INCLUDING VEGETATION OF THE WATERSHED.

ARIZONA /WATERSHEDS(BASINS) /RESERVOIRS /SALINITY /NITROGEN /PHOSPHORUS/ WATER QUALITY /LAKES /VEGETATION EFFECTS

0063 EVALUATION OF GROUNDWATER RESERVES IN THE SANTA CRUZ VALLEY AREA, YUMA AND SANTA CRUZ COUNTIES, ARIZONA.

SUMNER, J.S. GEOSCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER COLORADO RIVER BELOW PARKER DAM MEXICAN DRAINAGE AREA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7-1- 76/10 -1 -77

LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 10,600

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

38 TO REVIEW THE GRAVITY SURVEY DATA IN THE SANTA CRUZ VALLEY AND TRIBUTARY .AREAS, DETERMINING GRAVITY ANOMALY PATTERNS. TO CARRY OUT ADDITIONAL GRAVITY SURVEYING TO FILL IN DATA GAPS AND TO PROVIDE GRAVITY PROFILE DATA ACROSS THE VALLEY. TO,MODEL THE MOST PROBABLE SUBSURFACE BEDROCK DEPTHS IN THE SANTA CRUZ VALLEY AREA, FROM THE STANDPOINT OF PROBABLE SUBSURFACE DENSITY VALUES AS RELATED TO THE GRAVITY ANOMALIES. TO NUMERICALLY INTEGRATE THE GRAVITY ANOMALY AREAS TO ARRIVE AT A VALUE FOR THE MASS CEFICIENCIES IN THE REGION. TO INTERPRET THE PROBABLE AMOUNT OF GROUNDWATER IN THE SANTA CRUZ VALLEY AREA, BASED ON THE RESULTS OF THE GRAVITY ANALYSIS.

GRAVITY / GROUNDWATER /ARIZONA /GZAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS /GRAVITATIONAL WATER

00614

MULTIRESOURCE EVALUATION OF MANAGEMENT ALTERNATIVE FOR MIXED -CONIFER, CHAPARRAL AID MOUNTAIN GRASSLAND WATERSHEDS OF THE SOUTHWEST.

THOMPSON, J.R. ROCKY MOUNTAIN FORESTF, RANGE EXPERIMENTAL STATION, FOREST HYDROLOGY LAB, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY, TEMPE, ARIZONA 85281

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SALT RIVER

DATES OF 2ESEARCH: 1976/1981

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

CURRENT RESEARCH FOCUSES ON DEVELOPING PROCEDURES FOR PREDICTING WATER- RESOURCE REACTIONS TO COMPREHENSIVE LAND MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS, AND DEVELOPING ACCEPTABLE TECHNIQUES FOR ALTERING VEGETATION PATTERNS. BEFORE JUDICIOUS CHOICES CAN BE MADE AMONG WATERSHED MANAGEMENT ALTERNATIVES THAT MAY HELP SATISFY THE RAPIDLY GROWING WATER NEEDS OF THE SOUTHWEST, INFORMATION MUST BE AVAILABLE REGARDING EFFECTIVENESS AND IMPACTS ON ASSOCIATED RESOURCE' VALUES. THUS, INSUFFICIENT INFORMATION ABOUT EFFECTS OF TIMBER HARVESTING AND THINNING ON WATER QUALITY AND QUANTITY IN MIXED CONIFER FORESTS IS ONE OF SEVERAL SIGNIFICANT FACTORS COMPLICATING MULTIRESOURCE MANAGEMENT. SIMILARLY, LACK OF EFFECTIVE, ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE METHODS TO CREATE CHAPARRAL-GRASSLAND MOSAICS PREVENTS OPTIMUM MANAGEMENT OF THESE LANDS. THE PROBLEM OF INADEQUATE METHODS TO MINIMIZE SNOW LOSSES ON MOUNTAIN GRASSLAND WATERSHEDS MAY BE SOLVED BY DEVISING WAYS TO ESTABLISH VEGETATIONAL WINDBREAKS THAT EFFECTIVELY TRAP SNOW AND THAT ARE NOT ESTHETICALLY OBJECTIONABLE.

WATERSHED MANAGEMENT /SNOW MANAGEMENT /WINDBREAKS /MIXED FORESTS /WATER YIELD/ CHAPARRAL /VEGETATION ESTABLISHMENT /CONIFERS /GRASSLANDS /RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT/ LAND MANAGEMENT /ARIZONA

0065

GILA AND SALT , GILLESPIE DAM TO MCDOWELL DAMSITE (91ST AVE. TO GILLESPIE DAM) CHANNEL IMPROVEMENTS.

U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS L.A. DISTRICT, P.O. BOX 2711, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90053

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: UPPER GILA RIVER SALT RIVER

AUTHORIZED IN 1960, THE PLAN OF IMPROVEMENT PROVIDES FOR ABOUT 37 MILES OF CLEARING OF RIVER -BOTTOM VEGETATION AND CCNSTRUCTION OF A PILCT CHANNEL ALONG THE GILA AND SALT RIVERS FROM GILLESPIE DAM TO 91ST AVENUE. THIS PROJECT WAS RECENTLY PLACED IN AN ACTIVE STATUS, BUT NO FUNDS WERE MADE AVAILABLE TO PURSUE THE STUDY.

FLOOD CONTROL /CHANNELS /RIVER BEDS /DREDGING /ARIZONA

39 0066

LITTLE COLORADO RIVES LEVEE, HOLBROOK, ARIZONA.

U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS LOS ANGELES DISTRICT, P.O. BOX 2711, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90053

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LITTLE COLORADO RIVER

REVIEW OF EXISTING LEVEE PROTECTING TOWN OF HOLBROOK FOR ADEQUECY DUE TO CHANGED PHYSICAL CONDITIONS SINCE CONSTRUCTION. ORIGINAL CAPACITY OF LEVEE CONSTRUCTED IN 1943 3Y CORPS WAS 60,000 CFS. CAPACITY HAS SINCE BEEN REDUCED TO 30,000 CFS ASA RESULT OF SEDIMENTATION. SEDIMENTATION IS EXPECTED TO CONTINUE REDUCING LEVEE CAPACITY. LEVEE FAILURE WOULD RESULT IN THE INUNDATION OF MOST OF HOLBROOK. VARIOUS COMBINATIONS OF RAISING AND EXTENDING LEVEE, RECONSTRUCTION OF HIGHWAY AND RAILROAD BRIDGES, PHREATOPHYTE CLEARANCE, AND LOW FLOW CHANNEL WILL BE CONSIDERED WREN STUDY RESUMES, WHICH IS ANTICIPATED IN OCTOBER 1976.

FLOOD CONTROL /LEVEES /SEDIMENTATION /FLOODWATER /LOW FLOW /CHANNEL FLOW /ARIZONA/ LITTLE COLORADO RIVER

0067

GILA RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, SANTA CRUZ RIVER DIVERSION, ARIZONA.

U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS LOS ANGELES DISTRICT, P.O. BOX 2711, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90053

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 2-76/3 -81

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: MIDWAY FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT

THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY IS TO DETERMINE THE FEASIBILITY OF DIVERTING THE SANTA CRUZ RIVER AT THE GREENE CANAL INTO TAT MOMOLIKAT DAM ON THE SANTA ROSA RIVER, THEREBY PROVIDING FLOOD CONTROL FOR THE LOWER SANTA CRUZ RIVER. OTHER ALTERNATIVE ,MEASURES WILL BE INVESTIGATED. THE STUDY IS IN ITS INITIAL STAGES.

FLOOD CONTROL/FLOOD ROUTING /ARIZONA /DIVERSION /FEASIBILITY STUDIES/ SANTA CRUZ RIVER

0068

GILA RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, GILA DRAIN (FLOODWAY), ARIZONA.

U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS LOS ANGELES DISTRICT, P.O. BOX 2711, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90053

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: UPPER GILA RIVER SALT RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 10 -73 /CONTINUING

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: MARICOPA COUNTY, FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT

40 THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY WAS TO INVESTIGATE THE FEASIBILITY OF PROVIDING FLOOD CONTROL FOR THE MESA- TEMPE-CHANDLER- GILBERT AREA OF MARICOPA COUNTY, ARIZONA. IT WAS FOUND, AT THIS TIME, THAT FLOCD CONTROL WORKS COULD NOT BE ECONOMICALLY JUSTIFIED. FURTHER STUDIES IN THIS AREA WOULD BE MADE A PART OF T:!E PHOENIX URBAN STUDY. HYDROLOGY DEVELOPED FOR THE STUDY USED A LINEAR RESERVOIR MODEL TO DEVELOP FLOOD HYDROGRAPHS IN THE FLAT AREAS. ALSO THE HYDROLOGY STUDY MODELLED THE ON -SITE STORAGE REQUIREMENTS THAT WERE PUT INTO LAW BY MESA, TEMPE, GILBERT, CHANDLER AND MARICOPA COUNTY.

ECONOMIC JUSTIFIATION /FLOOD CONTROL / ARIZONA /RESERVOIRS /HYDROGRAPHE /FLOODWAYS

PUBLICATIONS:

U.S. ARMY ENGINEER DISTRICT, LOS ANGELES, CORPS OF ENGINEERS, "GILA FLOODWAY MARICOPA AND PINAL COUNTIES, ARIZONA," SURVEY REPORT, HYDROLOGY, PART I, JANUARY 1976.

0069

PHOENIX URBAN STUDY.

U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS LOS ANGELES DISTRICT, PHOENIX URBAN STUDY OFFICE, PHOENIX, ARIZONA

AREA (S)OF RESEARCH: SALT RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1975

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: MARICOPA ASSOCIATION OF GOVERNMENTS

THE OBJECTIVE OF THE PROGRAM IS TO DEVELOP A COORDINATED WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PLAN THAT WILL PROVIDE ACCEPTABLE AND IMPLEMENTABLE ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS TO WATER AND WATER -RELATED LAND RESOURCE PROBLEMS IN THE PHOENIX METROPOLITAN AREA. THE PROGRAM WILL ADDRESS PROBLEMS AND POTENTIALS ASSOCIATED WITH THE FOLLOWING AREAS OF CONCERN: FLOOD DAMAGE REDUCTION AND FLOOD PLAIN MANAGEMENT; WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT; CONSERVATION OF FISH AND WILDLIFE RESOURCES. THIS STUDY IS PLANNED TO MEET THE REQUIREMENTS OF SECTION 2011,P. L. 92 -500. STAGE 1OF THE PROGRAM HAS BEEN COMPLETED 'WITH THE PREPARATION OF THE PLAN OF STUDY, WHICH MAY BE OBTAINED FROM THE PHOENIX URBAN STUDY OFFICE. STAGE II - DEVELOPMENT OF INTERMEDIATE PLANS - IS NOW IN PROGRESS.

FLOOD CONTROL /WASTE RATER TREATMENT /FLOODWATER /WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT/ FISH CONSERVATION /WILDLIFE CONSERVATION /RECREATION /ARIZONA

0070

FLOODPLAIN DELINEATION AND FLOODWAY STUDY FOR SKUNK CREEK, NEW RIVER AND ASSOCIATED STREAMS.

U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS LOS ANGELES DISTRICT, P.O.BOX 2711, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90053

AREAS) OF RESEARCH: LOWER GILA RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 3-1-75/3-10-75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 78,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: MARICOPA COUNTY

41 DELINEATION OF 100 -YEAR FLOODPLAIN AND FLOODWAY FOR NEW RIVER FROM ITS WITH THE TO THE PINNACLE PEAK ROAD ALIGNMENT, APPROXIMATELY 14.5 RIVER MILES; SKUNK CREEK FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH NEW RIVER TO CAREFREE HIGHWAY,A ?PROXIMATELY 16.7 RIVER MILES; AND ASSOCIATED STREAMS, APPROXIMATELY 3.3 RIVER MILES. HYDROLOGY WAS FROM REPORT "NEW RIVER AND PHOENIX CITY STREAMS DESIGN MEMORANDUM NO. 2," LOS ANGELES DISTRICT, U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, OCTOBER 1974. STUDY UTILIZED HEC -2 PROGRAM FOR BACKWATER COMPUTATIONS TO DETERMINE 100 -YEAR FLOODPLAIN AND FLOODWAY BASED ON 1 -FOOT ALLOWABLE RISE IN FLOOD ELEVATIONS.

ARIZONA /FLOOD PLAIN ZONING /FLOOD PLAINS /RIVER FLOW /FLOODWAYS

0071

FLOODPLAIN DELINEATION AND FLOODWAY STUDY FOR THE AGUA FRIA RIVER.

U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS LOS ANGELES DISTRICT, P.O.BOX 2711, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90053

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LOWER GILA RIVES

DATES OF RESEARCH: 3- 9-74/3 -6 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 52,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: MARICOPA COUNTY

DELINEATION OF 100 -YEAR FLOODPLAIN AND FLOODWAY FOR AGUA FRIA RIVER FROM ITS CONFLUENCE WITH THE GILA RIVER TO THE PINNACLE PEAK ROAD ALIGNMENT, APPROXIMATELY 23.7 RIVER MILES. HYDROLOGY WAS FROM REPORT "NEW RIVER AND PHOENIX CITY STREAMS DESIGN MEMORANDUM NO. 2," LOS ANGELES DISTRICT, U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, OCTOBER 1974. STUDY UTILIZED HEC-2 PROGRAM FOR BACKWATER COMPUTATIONS TO DETERMINE 100 -YEAR FLOODPLAIN AND FLOODWAY BASED ON1 -FOOT ALLOWABLE RISE IN FLOOD ELEVATIONS.

ARIZONA /FLOOD PLAIN ZONING /FLOOD PLAINS /FLOODWAYS /RIVER FLOW/ AGUA FRIA RIVER

0072

FORT MOJAVE TRIBE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN.

VANDENBOSCH, W.V. OFFICE OF ECONOMIC PLANNING AID DEVELOPMENT, 1645 W. JEFFERSON AVE. *42d, PHOENIX, ARIZONA

AREA (S)OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER ABOVE PARKER DAM COLORADO DESERT COLORADO RIVER VALLEY

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OFFICE OF ECONOMIC PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT

THE FORT MOJAVE TRIBE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN INCLUDES A SOPHISTICATED ANALYSIS OF THE SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF THE TRIBE AND THE TRI -STATE REGIONAL AREA. THE REGIONAL ECONOMIC ANALYSIS IS THE FIRST TIME A STUDY OF THIS NATURE HAS BEEN CONDUCTED FOR THIS ARIZONA, CALIFORNIA ANZ NEVADA AREA. THE COMMUNITY ANE THE PLANNING TEA1 WORKED TOGETHER TO FORMULATE THE GOALS OF THE PEOPLE AND INCORPORATE THEM INTO THE PLAN. COUNCIL MEETINGS, COMMITTEE MEETINGS AND HOUSEHOLD INTERVIEWS WERE USED TO ASSURE WIDESPREAD COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN THE PLANNING PROCESS. THE COMPLICATED LAND USE STRUCTURE OF THE RESERVATION IS DISCUSSED) IN CONSIDERABLE DETAIL. LAND IN THREE STATES AND CHECKERBOARD SEQUENCE IN ARIZONA PROVIDES A COMPLICATED MANAGEMENT PROBLEM FOR THE TRIBE. IN ADDITION, THE PLAN PROVIDES MAPS SHOWING THE OWNERSHIP OF LANDS ADJACENT TO THE RESERVATION WHICH IS OF MAJOR IMPORTANCE TO THE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RESERVATION.

42 COMPREHENSIVE PLANNING /ECONOMICS /LAND USE /INDIAN RESERVATIONS /SOCIAL NEEDS/ ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY /ARIZONA /CALIFORNIA /NEVADA

0073

RESIDUES OF PESTICIDES AND RELATED CHEMICALS IN THE AGRICULTURAL ENVIRONMENT--THEIR NATURE, DISTRIBUTION, PERSISTENCE AND TOXICOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS.

WARE, G.W. DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: UPPER GILA RIVER SANTA CRUZ RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: ANNUAL

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CSRS

OBJECTIVES ARE TO DETERMINE ROUTES OF PESTICIDE RESIDUE ENTRY IN FORAGE, AND ANIMAL PRODUCTS. CORRELATE FORAGE RESIDUES WITH TRANSLOCATION FROM SOIL, DUST CONTAMINATION AND ADSORPTION OF VOLATILE PESTICIDE. TRACE RESIDUES IN ANIMALS AND SEEK CULTURAL METHODS FOR REDUCING FORAGE RESIDUES. CONCENTRATE ON ARIZONA'S EVER PRESENT DDT- FORAGE PROBLEM, THROUGH 14C -DDT TRANSLOCATION AND SOIL HALF -LIFE STUDIES UNDER FALLOW AND IRRIGATED CONDITIONS. VAPOR -PHASE OR CODISTILLATION OF DDT AND OTHER COMPOUNDS IN THE FIELD LAB WILL RECEIVE PRIME ATTENTION SINCE ARIZONA'S ARID, IRRIGATED CONDITIONS COMBINED WITH SEVERE AIR INVERSIONS MAY OFFER UNIQUE OPPORTUNITIES FOR THIS PHENOMENON TO OCCUR. A SEARCH FOR CULTURAL PRACTICES TO REDUCE INITIAL APPLICATION DRIFT ANC INDIRECT CONTAMINATION FROM VOLATILES, DUST AND TRANSLOCATION WILL FOLLOW. THE MATERIALS P,P' -DDT AND P,P'-DDD ESCAPE BY VOLATILIZATION FROM DRY SOIL MORE RAPIDLY THAN BY CODISTILLATION FROM WET SOIL. P,P'-DDE HOWEVER APPEARS TO LEAVE DRY OR WET SOIL AT THE SAME APPROXIMATE RATE. IN AN ARID REGION VOLATILIZATION OF DRIFTED DDT FROM HOT, NON- IRRIGATED SOILS WOULD CONTRIBUTE SIGNIFICANTLY TO CROP CONTAMINATION PROBLEMS. DDTR RESIDUES IN ARIZONA BEEF FAT HAVE CONTINUED TO DROP SINCE THE MORATORIUM, AND NOW STAND AT A NEW LOW OF 0.49 PPM. RELATED TO OTHER INHERENT DDTR RESIDUES IN A LOCALE, BEEF FAT SHOULD SERVE AS A CONVIENT MONITORING MEDIUM INA GIVEN AGRICULTURAL AREA. BEEF BLOOD DDTR RESIDUES ARE CLOSELY CORRELATED TO VISCERAL FAT RESIDUES AND COULD SERVE AS AN ON- THE -HOOF INDICATOR OF FAT RESIDUES IN QUESTIONABLE SITUATIONS WHERE ANIMALS ARE BEING READIED FOR MARKET.

DDC /PESTICIDES /DDT /ARIZONA /FORAGES /PESTICIDE RESIDUES /VOLATILITY /CATTLE/ IRRIGATION EFFECTS /AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS

PUBLICATIONS:

WARE, G.W., K.P. CAHILL, AND B.J. ESTESEN. 1975 "VOLATIZATION OF DDT AND

RELATED MATERIALS FROM DRY AND IRRIGATED SOILS." BULL. ENVIRON. CONTAM. f, TOXICOL. 14 (1) :88 -97. WARE, G.W., W.P. CAHILL, B.J. ESTESEN, W.C. KRONLAND AND N.A. BUCK. 1975. PESTICIDE DRIFT: DEPOSIT EFFICIENCY FROM GROUND SPRAYS ON COTTON." J. ECON. ENTOMOL. 63(4) :549 -550. WARE, G.W., B.J. ESTESEN AND W.P. CAHILL. 1975. "DISLODGABLE INSECTICIDE RESIDUES ON COTTON." BULL. ENVIRON. CONTAM. & TOXICOL. 14(5):606-609. SAUNDERS, N.J., R.W. TATE, AND G.W. WARE. 1976. "ANALYSIS OF AERIAL SPRAYS FROM CONVENTIONAL AND DRIFT-REDUCTION NOZZLES." FROC. ANN. MEET. AMER. SOC. AGR. ENG., LINCOLN, NEB. JUNE 27 -30. WARE, G.W., W. P. CAHILL, B.J. ESTESEN AND J. A. MARCHELLO. 1975. "USING BLOOD DDT RESIDUE TO PREDICT FAT RESIDUE IN BEEF ANIMALS." BULL. ENVIRON. CONTAM. 6 TOXICOL. 14(3):285 -288.

43 0074

WATER RESOURCES OF THE TUCSON BASIN - ELECTRICAL ANALOG ANALYSIS.

ANDERSON, T. W. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, 601 E. CEDAR, BLDG. 3, FLAGSTAFF, ARIZONA 86001

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: FEDERAL

THE WATER SUPPLY FOR THE TUCSON BASIN, ARIZONA, IS DERIVED ENTIRELY FROM GROUNDWATER. THE AVERAGE ANNUAL PUMPAGE FOR 1962-64 WAS ABOUT 165,000 ACRE -FEET AND WAS GREATER THAN THE NATURAL RATE OF GROUNDWATER RECHARGE. WATER LEVEL DECLINES OF AS MUCH AS 70 FEET OCCURRED FROM SPRING 1940 TO SPRING 1965 AS A RESULT OF THE OVERDRAFT. AN ELECTRICAL- ANALOG MODEL OF THE HYDROLOGIC SYSTEM WAS CONSTRUCTED TO PROVIDE A TOOL FOR DETERMINING THE POSSIBLE FUTURE EFFECTS OP GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT SCHEMES. THE MODEL WAS ANALYZED USING STEADY-STATE AND STORAGE- DEPLETION TECHNIQUES. BASED ON THE ASSUMPTION THAT PUMPAGE AND RECHARGE WOULD CONTINUE AT EXISTING RATES AND LOCATIONS, THE MODEL WAS USED TO PREDICT WATER LEVEL CONDITIONS IN SPRING 1935. THE RESULTS OF THE PROJECTION INDICATE A. MAXIMUM WATER LEVEL DECLINE OF 140 FEET FOR 1940 -84.

ARIZONA /TUCSON BASIN /LOWER COLORADO RIVER /WATER SUPPLY /WITHDRAWAL /ANALOG MODELS /COLORADO RIVER

PUBLICATIONS:

ANDERSON, T. W. , "ELECTRICAL- ANALOG ANALYSIS CF THE HYDROLOGIC SYSTEM, TUCSON BASIN, SOUTHEASTERN ARIZONA," U.S. GEOL. SURVEY, WATER -SUPPLY PAPER 1939 -C, 1972.

0075

WATER RESOURCES OF LOWER COLORADO RIVER- AREA (YUMA AREA).

OLMSTED, F.H. /LOELTZ, 0.J. /IRELAN, B. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, P.O. BOX 5774, YUMA, ARIZONA85364

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER BELOW PARKER DAM

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1961 -1968

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: FEDERAL -LOWER COLORADO RIVER PROJECT

THE YUMA AREA INCLUDES THE UPSTREAM PART OF THE WITHIN THE UNITED STATES. THE BROAD OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY INCLUDED: A DEFINITION OF THE GEOLOGY SUFFICIENT TO DELINEATE THE GROUNDWATER RESERVOIR; DETERMINATION OF THE SOURCES AND MOVEMENT OF THE GROUNDWATER; THE DEFINITION OF THE HYDROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE AQUIFER SYSTEM; AND A DESCRIPTION OF THE CHEMICAL QUALITY OF THE GROUNDWATER AND THE EFFECT OF VARIATIONS IN CHEMICAL QUALITY TO SOURCES OF RECHARGE AND PROCESSES OF CHEMICAL CHANGE. THE REPORT IS DIVIDED INTO TWO PRINCIPAL SECTIONS: THE FIRST DESCRIBES THE GEOLOGY, EMPHASIZING THE YOUNGER, WATER- BEARING ROCKS AND DEPOSITS; THE SECOND DESCRIBES THE VARIOUS ASPECTS OF THE GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY. BASIC DATA CONSISTING OF WELL RECORDS, WELL LOGS, AND CHEMICAL ANALYSES OF GROUNDWATER, AND DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS OF SEVERAL PUMPING TESTS AND CF SOIL- MOISTURE MEASUREMENTS, ARE GIVEN IN FIVE APPENDIXES AT THE END OF THE REPORT.

ARIZONA / CALIFORNIA /GROUNDWATER /HYDROGEOLOGY /GEOLOGY /AQUIFERS /LOWER COLORADO RIVER /COLORADO RIVER

44 PUBLICATIONS:

OLMSTED, F.H., O.J. LOELTZ, AND B. IRELAND, "GEOHYDROLOGY OF THE YUMA AREA, ARIZONA AND CALIFORNIA," U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 486 -H, 1973.

0076

WATER RESOURCES OF LOWER COLORADO RIVER - SALTON SEA AREA (NEEDLES AREA).

METZGER, D.G. /LOELTZ, O.J. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, P.O. BOX 5774, YUMMA,ARIZONA 85364

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER BELOW PARKER DAM

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1960

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: FEDERAL -LOWER COLORADO RIVER PROJECT

THE GENERAL OBJECTIVES OF THE INVESTIGATION IN THE NEEDLES AREA WERE TO DETERMINE: 1) THE LOCATION, EXTENT, AND HYDRAULIC CHARACTERISTIS OF AQUIFERS; 2) THE RELATION OF THE AQUIFERS ro THE COLORADO RIVER AND OTHER CONVEYANCE CHANNELS; 3) THE AMOUNT OF EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; AND 4) THE CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF THE WATER. GROUNDWATER IN THE COLORADO RIVER ALLUVIUMS IN THE NEEDLES AREA OCCURS UNDER WATER -TABLE CONDITIONS. SOURCES OF RECHARGE TO THE GROUNDWATER RESERVOIR ARE THE COLORADO RIVER, UNUSED IRRIGATION WATER, RUNOFF FROM PRECIPITATION, AND UNDERFLOW FRON BORDERING AREAS. GROUNDWATER IS DISCHARGED FROM THE AQUIFERS BY WELLS AND EVAPOTRANSPIRATION. DISCHARGE TO THE COLORADO RIVER, IF IT OCCURS, IS NEGLIGIBLE.

GROUNDWATER /AQUIFERS/ GEOLOGY /HYDROGEOLOGY /NEVADA /ARIZONA /CALIFORNIA/ LOWER COLORADO RIVER /EVAPOTRANSPIRATION

PUBLICATIONS:

METZGER, D.G., AND O.J. LOELTZ, "GEOHYDRQLOGY OF THE NEEDLES AREA, ARIZONA, CALIFORNIA, AND NEVADA," U.S. GEOL. SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 486 -J, 1973.

0077

WATER RESOURCES OF THE TUCSON BASIN - CHEMICAL QUALITY OF THE WATER.

LANEY, R.L. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, 301 W. CONGRESS, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85701

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: FEDERAL

THE TUCSON BASIN ISA BROAD- RIMMED AREA OF ABOUT 1,000 SQUARE AILES IN THE BASIN AND RANGE PHYSIOGRAPHIC PROVINCE IN SOUTHEASTERN ARIZONA. THE STREANFLOW IS OF EXCELLENT CHEMICAL QUALITY, ALTHOUGH MCST OF THE FLOW OCCURS DURING FLOODS AND GENERALLY HAS LARGE CONCENTRATIONS OF SUSPENDED SEDIMENT. ALL THE WATER FOR MUNICIPAL, INDUSTRIAL, AND AGRICULTURAL USES IS OBTAINED FROM THE MANY WELLS THAT TAP THE PERMEABLE SEDIEMNTARY DEPOSITS, WHICH CONSTITUTE THE PRINCIPAL AQUIFER IN THE TUCSON BASIN. THE AQUIFER CONSISTS OF THREE SEDIMENTARY FORMATIONS THAT RANGE IN AGE FROM MIDDLE TERTIARY TO QUATERNARY. IN THE TUCSON BASIN THE WATER IS DIVIDED INTO SEVEN CHEMICAL TYPES BASED ON THE RELATIVE AMOUNT OF FOUR MAJOR IONS - CALCIUM, SODIUM, BICARBONATE, AND SULFATE - AND THE ABSOLUTE AMOUNT OF CHLORIDE. THE QUALITY OF THE STREAMFLOW AND GROUNDWATER IS FURTHER DESCRIBED IN THE REPORT.

ARIZONA /TUCSON 3ASIN /LOWER COLORADO RIVER /GROUNDWATER /WATER QUALITY /AQUIFERS

45 PUBLICATIONS:

LANEY, R.L., "CHEMICAL QUALITY OF THE WATER IN THE TUCSON BASIN, ARIZONA," Q.S. GEOL. SURVEY, WATER -SUPPLY PAPER 1939 -C, 1972

0078

WATER RESOURCES OF THE TUCSON BASIN - GEOHYDROLOGY.

DAVIDSON, E.S. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, 301 W.CONGRESS, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85701

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: FEDERAL

THE REPORT DESCRIBES THE HYDROLOGIC SYSTEM IN THE TUCSON BASIN AREA WITH EMPHASIS ON THE GEOLOGY AND ITS CONTROL ON WATER-LEVEL DECLINES, AQUIFER TRANSMISSIVITY AND WELL YIELDS, CHEMICAL QUALITY, AND GROUNDWATER RECHARGE AND STORAGE. THE INVESTIGATION WAS DESIGNED TO PROVIDE DATA FOR EFFECTIVE WATER USE AND MANAGE.1ENT. THE RESULTS OF THE ENTIRE STUDY ARE SUMMARIZED IN THIS REPORT. THE DESCRIPTION OF THE GEOHYDROLOGIC SYSTEM IS THE PRINCIPAL CONTRIBUTION OF THIS CHAPTER. DETAILED DISCUSSIONS OF THE DIFFERENT PHASES OF THE INVESTIGATION ARE CONTAINED IN OTHER CHAPTERS OF WATER -SUPPLY PAPER 1939.

ARIZONA /LOWER COLORADO RIVER /TUCSON BASIN /HYDROLOGY /AQUIFERS / TRANSMISSIVITY/ HY CROGEOLOGY

PUBLICATIONS:

DAVIDSON, E.S., "GEOHYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES OF THE TUCSON BASIN, ARIZONA," U.S. GEOL. SURVEY WATER -SUPPLY PAPER 1939 -E, 1973.

0079

WATER RESOURCES OF LOWER COLORADO RIVER - SALTON SEA AREA (PARKER- BLYTH- CIBOLA AREA) .

METZGER, D.G. /LOELTZ, O.J. /IRELAN, B. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, P.O. BOX 5774, YUMA, ARIZONA 85364

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER BELOW PARKER DAM COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1960/1973

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: FEDERAL -LOWER COLORALO RIVER PROJECT

THE GENERAL OBJECTIVES OF THE INVESTIGATION IN THE PARKER- BLYTHE-CIBOLA AREA WERE TO DETERíMINE THE LOCATION, EXTENT, ANC HYDRAULIC CHARACTERISTICS OF AQUIFERS, RELATIONSHIP OF THE AQUIFERS TO THE COLORADO RIVER AND OTHER CONVEYANCE CHANNELS, EVAPOTRANSPIRATION, AND CHEMICAL CHARACTER OF THE WATER. DETAILED INFORMATION WAS OBTAINED FRON NUMEROUS TEST WELLS, RANGING IN DEPTH FROM 76 TO 1,000 FEET. SOURCES OF RECHARGE TO THE GROUNDWATER RESERVOIR ARE THE COLORADO RIVER, PRECIPITATION, AND UNDERFLOW FROM AREAS BORDERING THE AREA. GROUNDWATER IS DISCHARGEC BY EVAPOTRANSPIRATION THROUGH MOST OF THE FLOOD PLAIN, ALSO VIA DISCHARGE TO DRAINS IN IRRIGATED AREAS AND TO THE COLORADO RIVER.

ARIZONA /CALIFORNIA /HYDROGEOLOGY /LOWER COLORADO RIVER /GROUNDWATER/ EVAPOTRANSPIRATION

46 PUBLICATIONS:

METZGER, D.G., O.J. LOELTZ, AND B.IRELAN, "GEOHYDROLOGY OF THE PARKER- BLYTHE- CIBOLA AREA, ARIZONA AND CALIFORNIA," U.S. GEOL. SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 485- 1973.

0080

GILA RIVER PHREATOPHYTE PROJECT - VEGETATION CHANGES, UPPER GILA RIVER.

TURNER, R.M. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, 301 W. CONGRESS, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85701

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: UPPER GILA RIVER

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: FEDERAL

VEGETATION MAPS SHOWING PAST CONDITIONS ALONG A 24- KILOMETER REACH OF THE UPPER WERE COMPARED WITH A RECENT VEGETATION MAP AND CHANGES IN VEGETATION WERE DETERMINED. THE MAPS, MADE DURING 1914, 1937, 1944, AND 1964, PROVIDE A QUANTITATIVE RECORD OF CHANGES THROUGH HALF A CENTURY. HISTORICAL RECORDS AND RECENT SURVEYS SHOW THAT THE WIDTH OF THE GILA RIVER CHANNEL HAS CHANGED FROM NARROW (PRE -1900) TO BROAD (EARLY 1900'S), TO NARROW (1960). THE VEGETATION ADJACENT TO THE NARROW CHANNEL OF A CENTURY AGO WAS VASTLY DIFFERENT FROM THAT OF THE 1960'S. DURING THE LAST PERIOD (1944 -64), SALTCEiDAR, AND INTRODUCED SPECIES, HAS DOMINATED THE LOW AREAS BORDERING THE CHANNEL, HAVING REPLACED SUCH NATIVE SPECIES AS SEEPWILLOW AND COTTONWOOD. EVIDENCE IS PRESENTED WHICH INDICATES THAT SALTCEDAR CAN ELIMINATE NATIVE RIPARIAN SPECIES, SUCH AS COTTONWOOD AND SEEPWILLOW, FOR AREAS WHERE THE INDIGENES JONINATE.

ARIZONA /LOWER COLORADO RIVER /GILA RIVER /PHREATOPHYTES /VEGETATION

PUELICATIONS:

TURNER, R.M., "QUANTITATIVE AND HISTORICAL EVIDENCE OF VEGETATION CHANGES ALONG THE UPPER GILA RIVER, ARIZONA," GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 655 -H, USGS, 1974.

0081

GILA RIVER PREATOPHYTE PROJECT-CHANNEL CHANGES OF THE GILA RIVER.

BURKHAN, D.E. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, 301 W. CONGRESS, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85701

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: UPPER GILA RIVER

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: FEDERAL

47 THE STREAM CHANNEL OF rIE GILA RIVER IN SAFFORD VALLEY, ARIZONA, CHANGED SIGNIFICANTLY FROM 1346 TO 1970. THE STREAM CHANNEL WAS FAIRLY STABLE AND NARROW FROG! 1d46 -1904. DURING 1905 -1917 MAJOR DESTRUCTION OF THE FLOOD PLAIN TOOK PLACE. RECONSTRUCTION OF THE FLOOD PLAIN WAS UNDERWAY DURING 1918 -1970. THE MAJOR WIDENING OF THE STREAM CHANNEL DURING 1905 -1917 WAS CAUSED MAINLY BY LARGE FLOODS, WHICH CARRIED SMALL SEDIMENT LOADS. THE DENSE COVER OF SALTCEDAR AND THE CULTIVATION OF THE BOTTOM LAND MAY HAVE BEEN SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTING FACTORS TO THE RAPID RECONSTRUCTION OF THE FLOOD PLAIN. THE TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF FLOW AND THE AVERAGE ANNUAL FLOW AT THE HEAD OF SAFFORD VALLEY DURING 1920 -1964 PROBABLY WERE ABCUT THE SAME AS THOSE DURING 1800 -1904. BASED ON THIS PREMISE, THE STATEMENT CAN BE MADE THAT THE FLOOD OF NOVEMBER 1905 PROBABLY WAS THE LARGEST FLOOD IN MORE THAN 170 YEARS: CHANNEL WIDTH IS GOVERNED MAINLY BY RATES OF STREAMFLOW AND IT TOOK 50 YEARS FOR THE FLOOD -PLAIN TO APPROACH THAT PRIOR TO 1905.

ARIZONA /GILA RIVER /LOWER COLORADO RIVER /CHANNELS /STREAMFLOW /FLOOD PLAINS

PUBLICATIONS:

BURKHAM, D.E., "CHANNEL CHANGES OF THE GILA RIVER IN SAFFORD VALLEY, ARIZONA, 1846 -1970," U.S. GEOL. SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 655 -G, 1972.

0082

GILA RIVER PHREATOPHYTE PROJECT - SUBSURFACE HYDRAULICS.

BROWN, S.G. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, 301 W. CONGRESS, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85701

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: UPPER GILA RIVER

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: FEDERAL

ALONG A 15 -MILE REACH OF THE GILA RIVER VALLEY UPSTREAM FROM THE SAN CARLOS RESERVOIR IN SOUTH -CENTRAL ARIZONA, THE FLOOD PLAIN AND ITS ADJACENT TERRACES ARE UNDERLAIN BY BASIN FILL AND ALLUVIAL DEPOSITS. THE BASIN FILL CONSISTS OF SILT, SAND, AND CLAY AND IS ESTIMATED TO BE MORE THAN 1,000 FEET THICK. THE ALLUVIUM CONSISTS OF AS MUCH AS 60 FEET OF GRAVEL, SAND, AND SILT AND FILLS A 6,000 -FOOT-WIDE VALLEY INCISED IN THE BASIN PILL. RESULTS OBTAINED BY USING SEVERAL ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES INDICATE THE AVERAGE STORAGE COEFFICIENTS AND THE AVERAGE TRANSMISSIVITIES FOR THE BASIN FILL AND ALLUVIUM. ESTIMATES OF HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY AND DOWN VALLEY GROUND WATER FLOW ARE ALSO COMPUTED.

ARIZONA /GILA RIVER / GROUNDWATER /TRANSMISSIVITY /STORAGE /HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY

PUBLICATIONS:

HANSON, R.L., "SUBSURFACE HYDRAULICS IN THE AREA OF THE GILA RIVER PHREATOPHYTE PROJECT, GRAHAM COUNTY, ARIZONA," U.S. GEOL. SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 655 -F, 1972.

0083

COOLIDGE REGIONAL PARK PROJECT.

WILSON, L.G. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER, OLD PSYCH BLDG. NO. 28, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER

48 DATES OF RESEARCH: 10-5- 73/6 -30-74

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 6000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: COOLIDGE (ARIZONA) CITY COUNCIL

THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT WAS TO DEVELOP THE PLANS OF A REGIONAL PARK FOR THE CITY OF COOLIDGE, CONCOMITANT WITH THE UTILIZATION OF SEWAGE EFFLUENT AS A WATER SOURCE FOL TURFGRASS IRRIGATION. THE PROJECT WAS INTERDISCIPLINARY, WITH THE FOLLOWING UNIVERSITY GROUPS AND DEPARTMENTS CONTRIBUTING THEIR EXPERTISE: STATE AND COMMUNITY RESOURCES, LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE, WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER, AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION, SOILS, WATER & ENGINEERING, CIVIL ENGINEERING, WATERSHED MANAGEMENT, AND THE COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE. OTHER AGENCIES ALSO CONTRIBUTING EXPERTISE, INCLUDED THE USDASOIL CONSER- VATION SERVICE. THE FIRST PHASE OF THE PROJECT INVOLVED: A SURVEY TO DETERMINE THE RECREATIONAL NEEDS OF THE COMMUNITY; EXAMINING SOILS AND HYDROLOGY OF THE PROPOSED PARK AREA; CHARACTERIZATION OF THE QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF SEWAGE EFFLUENT; AND EVALUATING ALTERNATIVE WATER SOURCES. THE SECOND PHASE OF THE PROJECT INVOLVED ACTUAL PARK DESIGN, PLANTING ARRANGEMENTS, IRRIGATION DESIGN AND SUGGESTED IRRIGATION SCHEDULES.

IRRZGATION /SEWAGE EFFLUENTS /PARKS /ARIZONA /SEWAGE TREATMENT /TURF GRASSES/ IRRIGATION DESIGN /LANDSCAPING

PUBLICATIONS:

SMALL, G.C., "COOLIDGE REGIONAL PARK PROJECT, PROGRESS REPORT 1973 -1974," WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, 1973. HERBERT, R.A," COOLIDGE REGIONAL PARK PROJECT, PROGRESS REPORT NO.2," WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, 1974.

0084

QUALITY TRANSFORMATIONS IN RECHARGED RIVER WATER DURING POSSIBLE INTERACTIONS WITH LANDFILL DEPOSITS ALONG THE SANTA CRUZ RIVER.

WILSON, L.G. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER, OLD PSYCH BLDG. 28, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 72/6 -30 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 36,704

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: PIMA COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF SANITATION

THE PROJECT WAS CONDUCTED IN THE GENERAL VICINITY OF TWO SANITARY LANDFILLS LOCATED ADJACENT TO THE SANTA CRUZ RIVER DOWNSTREAM OF THE CITY OF TUCSON TREATMENT PLANT. THE GENERAL PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT WAS TO EXAMINE THE POSSIBILITY OF INTERACTIONS BETWEEN RECHARGED RIVER WATER AND DEPOSITS IN ADJOINING LANDFILLS, AND IF SUCH INTERACTION OCCUR, TO EVALUATE THE EFFECT ON NATIVE GROUND WATER QUALITY. THE PRINCIPAL FUNCTION OF A MONITORING PROGRAM INITIATED DURING THE PROJECT WAS TO CHARACTERIZE BACKGROUND WATER LEVELS AND NATIVE GROUND WATER QUALITY DURING LOW FLOW (I.E. SEWAGE EFFLUENT) IN THE RIVER AND TO MONITOR CHANGES DURING FLOCD FLOWS IN THE VICINITY OF THE LANDFILLS. OF PARTICULAR INTEREST WERE DATA ON CHEMICAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN EFFLUENT DURING INFILTRATION AND PERCOLATION IN THE ZONE OF AERATION.

ARIZONA /LANDFILLS /RECHARGE /GROUNDWATER QUALITY /SURFACE- GROUNDWATER RELATIONSHIPS /INFILTRATION /PERCOLATION

49 PU EL ICATIONS:

WILSON, L.G. AND G.S. SMALL, "POLLUTION POTENTIAL OFA SANITARY LANDFILL NEAR TUCSON," HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING AND THE ENVIRONMENT, PROC. 21ST ANNUAL HYDRAULICS DIV. SPECIALTY COaF., AMRICAN SOC. CIVIL ENG., 1973. WILSON, L.G., R.A. HERBERT, AND C.R. RAMSEY, "TRANSFORMATIONS IN QUALITY OF RECHARGING EFFLJEJT IN THE SANTA CRUZ RIVER," HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES IN ARIZONA AND THE SOUTHWEST, VOL.5, AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOC. AND ARIZONA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, 1975.

0085

DEVELOPING METHODS FOR ON -SITE DETERMINATION OF UNSATURATED AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY ABOVE THE MATER TABLE.

NEUMAN, S.P. /WILSON, L.G. HYDROLOGY DEPARTMENT /WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 76/9 -30 -78

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

CURRENTLY THERE ARE NO KNOWN METHODS FOR MEASURING THE UNSATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY OF SOILS AT DEPTHS EXCEEDING 2 -3 METERS. ON THZ OTHER HAND, ALL CURRENT METHODS FOR DETERMINING THE S ATURATEL HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY OF SOILS ABOVE THE WATER TABLE AT SUCH DEPTHS RELY ON APPROXIMATE FORMULAS. IN PARTICULAR, NONE OF THE EXISTING METHODS TAKE INTO ACCOUNT THE POSSIBILITY THAT, DURING A BOREHOLE INFILTRATION TEST,A PARTICLE OF WATER MAY BE MOVING ALONG A PATH WHICH IS PARTLY SATURATED AND PARTLY UNSATURATED. RECENT DEVELOP - MENTS HAVE MADE IT POSSIBLE FOR US TO CLOSELY SIMULATE ON A COMPUTER THE SATURATED -UNSATURATED CONDITIONS THAT MAY ACTUALLY OCCUR DURING A FIELD TEST A3OVE THE WATER TABLE. WE WILL USE THESE COMPUTER PROGRAMS TO CRITICALLY EVALUATE THÉ RELIABILITY OF CURRENT FIELD METHCDS FOR DETERMINING SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY ABOVE THE WATER TABLE. A NUMERICAL AS WELL AS ANALYTICAL APPROACH ''JILL BE USED TO DEVELOP AN IMPROVED DEEP BOREHOLE TECHNIQUE FOP SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY, AND POSSIBLY A NEW BOREHOLE TECHNIQUE FOR UNSATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY. THE METHODS WILL BE APPLIED IN THE FIELD WITH THE AIM OF ESTIMATING POTENTIAL GROUNDWATER RECHARGE RATES AND THE MOVEMENT OF CONTAMINANTS TOWARD THE WATER TABLE.

PERMEABILITY /dYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY /UNSATURATED FLOW /FIELD TESTS /ARIZONA/ COMPUTER MODELS /BORZHOLES /GROUNDWATER RECHARGE

0086 DYNAMICS OF MARSH LAID FORMATION AND SUCCESSION ALONG THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER AND THEIR IMPOETANCE AND MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS AS RELATED TO WILDLIFE IN THE ARID SOUTHWEST.

OHMART, R.D. /DEASON, W.0. /FREELAND, S.J. DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY, TEMPE, AhIZONA 85281/ BUREAU OF RECLAMATION, BOULDER CITY, NEVADA /BUREAU OF RECLAMATION, BOULDER CITY, NEVADA.

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER ABOVE PARKER DAM

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION

THIS PAPER REPORTS ON SOME OF THE LAPGER AND MCRE IMPORTANT (MOST COMMONLY MENTIONED) HISTORICAL AND PRESENT-DAY BACK'NATERS AND THEIR PROBABLE AND KNOWN VALUE TO SELECTED WILDLIFE SPECIES. DATES OF FORMATION AND DISAPPEARANCE OF SELECTED HISTORICAL BACKWATERS ARE DISCUSSED ALONG WITH SURVIVING ACCOUNTS OF ASSOCIATED VEGETATION.

50 DYNAMICS /WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT /BACKWATER /ARID LANDS /SUCCESSION /ARIZONA /MARSHES/ COLORADO RIVER /LOWER COLORADO RIVER

0087

HERPETOFAUNA OF THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER: TO THE MEXICAN BORDER.

VITT, L.J. /OHMART, R.D. DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY, TEMPE, ARIZONA 85281

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER BELOW PARKER DAM

FAUNAL SURVEYS ALONG THE LOWER REACHES OF THE COLORADO HIVER HAVE BEEN FEW (COUES, 1875; GRINNEL, 1914)AND LITTLE ATTENTION HAS BEEN GIVEN TO THE REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS OF THE REGION. EXTENSIVE HABITAT MODIFICATION AS THE, EESULT OF RECREATIONAL, HOME SITE AND AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT HAS OCCURRED IN THE PAST AND WILL PROBABLY CONTINUE IN THE FUTURE, ERADICATING SOME ANIMAL POPULATIONS IN MANY AREAS. IN ADDITION, OVERGRAZING BY DOMESTIC LIVESTOCK AND POSSIBLY BURROS (EQUUS ASINUS) HAS CONTRIBUTED TO HABITAT DETERIORATION. A SURVEY WAS UNDERTAKEN OF THE REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS OF THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER TO DETERMINE SPECIES COMPOSITION AND DISTRIBUTION, IN ADDITION TO ASPECTS OF HERPETOFAUNAL ECOLOGY, WHICH IS CONTINUING TO BE ANALYZED.

WILDLIFE /ARIZONA /AMPHIBIANS /WILDLIFE CONSERVATION /HABITATS /GRAZING /REPTILES/ LOWER COLORADO RIVER /COLORADO RIVER

0088

EROSION CONTROL BY STRUCTURES.

HEEDE, 3.H. ROCKY MOUNTAIN FOREST STATION, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY, TEMPE, ARIZONA 85281

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER ABOVE PARKER DAM

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1960 /CONTINUING

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. FOREST SERVICE, ROCKY MOUNTAIN FOREST AND RANGE EXPERIMENT STATION EFFECTIVE CHECK DAM HEIGHT IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT DESIGN CRITERIA IN GULLY CONTROL BECAUSE IT INFLUENCES SPACING OF DAMS, MATERIALS, AND TOTAL COST OF TREATMENTS. IN A GIVEN GULLY THERE IS ONE OPTIMUM DAM HEIGHT A'T WHICH TOTAL TREATMENT COSTS ARE LOWEST AND VOLUME REQUIREMENTS FOR ROCK SMALLEST. RELATIONS ARE PRESENTED BETWEEN EFFECTIVE DAM HEIGHT AND VOLUME OF MATERIAL, COST, STRUCTURAL SPACING, REQUIRED NUMBER OF DAMS, EXPECTED SEDIMENT DEPOSITS, AND SEDIMENT VALUE- TEATMENT COST RATIO. DESIGN RECOMMENDATIONS ARE GIVEN FOR SELECTED TREATMENT OBJECTIVES. COMPUTER PROGRAMS DEVELOPED, REQUIRING A MINIMUM OF DATA, CONSIST OF T40 PHASES. OUTPUTS ARE IN TABULAR AND GRAPHICA1 FORMS. PHASE I CAN YIELD DIFFERENT CHOICES FOR DESIGN. IN TOIS CASE, IT SERVES AS A BASIS FOR DECISION -MAKING. IF USED WITHOUT PHASE II,IT CAN SERVE INVENTORY PURPOSES. PHASE II SELECTS THE FINAL 1;ESIGN OF THE INDIVIDUAL DAMS AS WELL AS THE TREATMENT. A SAMPLE OUTPUT IS APPENDED. THE PROGRAM WAS PROVBM TO BE OPERATIONAL IN FIELD TESTS. COMPUTERIZED DESIGN OF GULLY CONTROL BY CHECK DAMS EASES FIELD SURVEY AND DESIGN PROCEIURES. ONLY A MINIMUM OF DATA IS REQUIRED TO GENERATE THE DESIGN 0° GULLY TREATMENTS AND TO YIELD ESSENTIAL INFORMATION ON COSTS AND MATERIALS. FLEXIBILITY WITHIN THE PROGRAM IS GIVEN BY PROVIDING SEVERAL DESIGN CHOICES. GRAPHICAL COMPUTER OUTPUT SHOWS THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE CHOICES BY EFFECTIVE CAI HEIGHT, TOTAL COST OF TREATMENT, AND BENEFITS FROM EXPECTED SEDIMENT DEPOSITS. SINCE KEY EQUATIONS AND THEIR DERIVATIONS ARE PRESENTED, THE PROGRAM CAN BE ADAPTED TO DAM TYPES THAT DIFFER FROM THOSE USED. THE SIMPLIFICATION OF SURVEY AND DESIGN PROCEDURES MAKE FEASIBLE THE INVENTORYING OF GULLY CONTROL NEEDS FOR LARGER TRACTS OF LANDS. THE PROGRAM IS OPERATIONAL.

51 BANK STABILIZATION /GULLIES /EROSION CONTROL /GABIONS /CHECK STRUCTURES/ RIPRAP /COST ANALYSIS /COMPUTER PROGRAMS /SEDIMENTATION /ARIZONA /COLORADO/ CALIFORNIA/NEW MEXICO

PUBLICATIONS: HEEDE, B.H., AND J.G. MUFICH, "FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS AND A COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR STRUCTURAL GULLY CONTROL," JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (1973) 1, 321 -344. HEEDE, B.R., AND J.G. MUFICH, "FIELD AND COMPUTER PROCEDURES FOR GULLY CONTROL BY CHECK DAMS," JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (1974) 2,1 -49.

0089

MOUNTAIN WATERSHEDS AND DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM.

HEEDS, B.H. ROCKY MOUNTAIN FOREST STATION, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY, TEMPE, ARIZONA 85281

AREA (S)OF RESEARCH: LITTLE COLORADO RIVER COLORADO RIVER ABOVE PARKER DAM

DATES OF RESEARCH: 5-74 /CONTINUING

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. FOREST SERVICE, ROCKY MOUNTAIN FOREST AND RANGE EXPERIMENT STATION

WATERSHEDS REPRESENT AN IMPORTANT LANDFORM. KNOWLEDGE OF THEIR STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT TELLS US ABOUT FUTURE WATERSHED BEHAVIOR. THIS IS CRITICAL FOR WATERSHED MANAGEMENT BECAUSE MAN MAY ENHANCE OR HINDER FUTURE NATURAL PROCESSES. DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF TWO PERENNIAL AND TWO EPHEMERAL MOUNTAIN STREAMS REVEALED THAT THE FORMER ARE INA STATE OF DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM, WHILE THE LATTER ARE STILL WORKING TOWARD ITS ATTAINMENT. BED CHARACTERISTICS INDICATED THAT BOTH AIM AT ADJUSTMENT TO SLOPE BY FORMATION OF ROCK AND LOG BARS. THUS, THE SURROUNDING FOREST PLAYS AN ACTIVE ROLE IN STREAM HYDRAULICS. UNTIL NOW A SET OF GEOMORPHOLOGIC TOOLS HAS NOT BEEN AVAILABLE TO THE LAND MANAGER CONCERNED WITH PRESENT AND FUTURE STABILITY CONDITIONS ON WATERSHEDS. THIS PAPER PRESENTS FIRST RESULTS AND ESTABLISHES THE MOST IMPORTANT CRITERIA FOR RECOGNIZING DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM AND ACCELERATED LANDFORM DEVELOPMENT. THESE CRITERIA ARE LONGITUDINAL BED PROFILE, BED NICKPOINTS AND HEAD CUTS, SEDIMENT LOAD, AND HYDRAULIC BEHAVIOR FROM STATION TO STATION.

GEOMORPHOLOGY /WATERSHEDS(BASINS) /CHANNEL ?I ORPHOLOGY /STREAMFLOW /EQUILIBRIUM/ EPHEMERAL STREAMS /PERENNIAL STREAMS /SEDIMENT LOAD /ARIZONA /COLORADO

PUBLICATIONS:

HEEDE, B.H., "MOUNTAIN WATERSHEDS AND DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM," WATERSHED MANAGEMENT, P. 407-420. PROCEEDINGS OF SYMPOSIUM BY IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE DIV., ASCE, LOGAN, UTAH, AUG. 1975. HEEDE, B.H., "WATERSHED INDICATORS OF LAND FORM DEVELOPMENT," HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES IN ARIZONA AND THE SOUTHWEST, VOL V, P. 43 -46. PROCEEDINGS 1975 MEETING ARIZ. SEC AMER. WATER RESOURCES ASSOC. E HYDROLOGY SEC. ARIZ. ACADEMY OF SCI., TEMPE, ARIZ. APRIL, 1975.

0090

GULLY DEVELOPMENT.

HEEDE, B.H. ROCKY MOUNTAIN FOREST STATION, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY, TEMPE, ARIZONA 85281

52 AREAS) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER ABOVE PARKER DAM

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1972 -1973

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. FOREST SERVICE, ROCKY IMOUNTAIN FOREST AND RANGE EXPERIMENT STATION

PRESENT GULLY CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS DO NOT YIELD SUFFICIENT INFORMATION FOR .AND MANAGERS CONFRONTED WITH PROBLEMS OP PRIORITIES IN GULLY CONTROL, EROSION RATES, AND SEDIMENT YIELDS IN GULLIES. IT IS ARGUED THAT GULLY DEVELOPMENT SHOULD BE RECOGNIZED IN TERMS OF LAND FORM EVOLUTION, PROCEEDING FROM YOUNG TO OLD AGE STAGES. YOUTHFUL AND EARLY MATURE STAGES OF GULLY DEVELOPMENT WERE ESTABLISHED. COMPARISON OF HYDRAULIC GEOMETRY OF GULLIES WITH THAT OF RIVERS ,SUGGESTS THAT THE MATURE STAGE SHOULD BE CHARACTERIZED BY DYNAMIC EQUILIBaI()M. ALTHOUGH THIS STAGE WAS APPROACHED BY SOME STUDY GULLIES, ITS EXISTENCE COULD NOT BE GIVEN BY STREAM EQUILIBRIUM ALONE, BUT PAY INCLUDE OTHER ASPECTS OF STABILITY SUCH AS CHANNEL VEGETATION. DIFFICULTIES EXIST IN PREDICTING SEDIMENT PRODUCTION AND YIELD FOR EARLY STAGES OF GULLY DEVELOPMENT.. IN EPHEMERAL GULLIES, SEDIMENT LOADS ARE OFTEN MORE CLOSELY RELATED TO TIME AND DURATION OF FLOW THAN TO MAGNITUDE OF FLOW. EROSION RATES DURING AN INDIVIDUAL FLOW DEPEND 90T ONLY ON THE STAGE OF GULLY DEVELCPMENT_, BUT ALSO ON THE STABILITY OF THE GULLY AT THE TIME OF FLOW.

GULLIES /CHANNEL MORPHOLOGY /SEDIMENTATION /SEDIMENT LOAD /SUSPENDED LOAD /SEDIMENT YIELD /STREAi1FLOW /HYDRAULIC PROPERTIES /ARIZONA /COLORADO /CALIFORNIA

PUBLICATIONS:

HEEDE, B.H., "STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF GULLIES IN WESTERN UNITED STATES OF AMERICA," ZEITSCHRIFT GEOMORPHOLOGIE, 18(3):260 -271, 1974. REEDE, B.H., "STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF GULLIES IN THE WEST," IN PRESENT AND PROSPECTIVE TECHNOLOGY FOR PREDICTING SEDIMENT YIELDS AND SOURCES. AGR. RES. SERV., USDA ARS -S -40, P.155 -161.

0091

EROSION CONTROL BY STRUCTURES (CONT.) .

HEEDE, B. H. ROCKY MOUNTAIN FOREST STATION, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY, TEMPE. ARIZONA 85381

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER ABOVE PARKER DAM

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1960 /CONTINUING

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. FOREST SERVICE, ROCKY MOUNTAIN FOREST AND RANGE EXPERIMENT STATION

TWO PLANTING SITES WITH NARROW SUBMERGED BURLAP STRIPS SHOWED 14 TIMES LESS SOIL LOSS THAN CONTROL SITES WITHOUT BURLAP. GULLIES AND DEEP RILLS NEED TO BE RESHAPED TO GENTLE SWALES BEFORE BURLAP IS INSTALLED. PLANT COVER SHOULD BECOME ESTABLISHED BEFORE BURLAP DISINTEGRATES -ABOUT 5 YEARS.

EROSION CONTROL /SOIL STRUCTURE /VEGETATION ESTABLISHMENT /GULLIES /ARIZONA/ COLORADO/NEW MEXICO

PUBLICATIONS:

9EEDE, B.H., "SUBMERGED BURLAP STRIPS AIDED REHABILITATION OF DISTURBED SEMIARID SITES IN COLORADO AND NEW MEXICO," USDA, FOREST SERVICE RESEARCH NOTE,

2M -302, DECEMBER 1975, 8 P.,8 FIG., 1 TAB., 2 REF.

53 0092

THE ARIZONA WATER RESOURCES COMMITTEE: HISTORY AND POLITICS.

CORTNER, A.J. SCHOOL OF RENEWABLE NATURAL RESOURCES, UNIVERSITY CF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA (S)OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 76/9 -30 -77

LEVEL OF FUNDING: 3 6200

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THE STUDY PROPOSES TO EXAMINE THE ARIZONA WATER RESOURCES COMMITTEE (AWRC) FROM BOTS A HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL PERSPECTIVE. THE AWRC, WHICH FIRST MET IN 1957, IS A PRIVATE GROUP OF CITIZENS THAT SEEKS TO STIMULATE RESEARCH IN THE AREA OF VEGETATIVE MANAGEMENT AS A MEANS OF INCREASING WATER YIELD. F.XA:1INATION OF _'H9A:iRC WILL PROVIDE AN OPPORTUNITY TO DESCRIBE ANC ANALYZE THE ACTIVITIES OF A ? OLITICAL INTEREST GROUP THAT HAS HAD A SIGNIFICANT IMPACT UPON THE FORMULATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF WATER POLICY AND WATER RESEARCH PROGRAMS IN THE STATE OF ARIZONA. THE STUDY WILL TRACE THE HISTORY OF THE ACTIVITIES Or THE COMMITTEE SINCE ITS FORMATION AND EXAMINE THE COMMITTEE AS A POLITICAL INTEREST GROUP ENDEAVORING TO ADVANCE ITS POLICY GOALS IN THE POLITICAL ARENA.

WATER RESOURCES /ARIZONA /WATER YIELD /POLITICAL ASPECTS /HISTORY

0093

URBAN FLOOD WATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN SEMI -ARID REGIONS: MODEL EXTENSION, DESIGN AND APPLICATION.

RESNICK, S.D. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 73/6 -74

LEVEL OF FUNDING: 3 5900

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THE OBJECTIVES OF THE PROPOSED STUDY ARE AS FOLLOWS: 1) TO EXTEND EXISTING MODELS OF URBAN FLOOD WATER YIELD AND MANAGEMENT IN SEMI -ARID REGIONS TO TUE DESIGN STAGE, FORMULATING DESIGN CRITERIA FOR DETENTION AND DISTRIBUTION, TREATMENT AND DIVERSION. 2)TO ADAPT AND EXTEND BY SUITABLE HYDROLOGIC TECHNIQUES, URBAN FLOOD WATER MANAGEMENT MODELS FOR SITUATIONS WHERE NO RUNOFF DATA EXISTS. 3) TO USE THESE MODELS FCR THE ACTUAL DESIGN AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS AT TWO TYPICAL AREAS IN THE SEMI -ARID URBAN ENVIRONMENT OF TUCSON FOR THE EVALUATION OF THE MODELS ASA METHOD FOR MANAGEMENT OF URBAN FLOOD RUNOFF ASA WATER RESOURCE.

URBANIZATION /WATER MANAGEMENT (APPLIED) /WATER REUSE /FLOODWATER /ARIZONA

54 0094

EVALUATION í)F ALTERNATIVE SLUDGE DISPOSAL OPTIONS FOR THE YUMA DESALTING PL ANT.

WAGSTAFF, H.R. GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY, TEMPE, ARIZONA 85281

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER BELOW PARKER DAM CALIFORNIA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 9-15- 75/3 -1 -76

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 46,118

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION

THE OPERATION OF THE YUMA DESALTING PLANT WILL RESULT IN THE DAILY PRODUCTION OF 654 TONS OF SLUDGE. EITHER THE SLUDGE CAN BE BURIED OR ELSE IT CAN BE RECALCINED, A PROCESS ¿RICH WILL YIELD MORE THAN ENOUGH LIíME NEEDED FOR THE OPERATION OF TIE PRE -TREATMENT PLANT. THE FOLLOWING THREE ALTERNATIVES FOR SLUDGE DISPOSAL WERE INVESTIGATED; 1) TOTAL SLUDGE BURIAL AT ANY OF THE FIVE DISPOSAL SITES; 2)PARTIAL RECALCINING AND PARTIAL BURIAL OF THE SLUDGE; AND 3) TOTAL RECALCINING. THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS OF THESE ALTERNATIVES WERE DETERMINED AND RECOMMENDATIONS MADE AS TO WHICH OPTION WOULD CAUSE THE LEAST NEGATIVE IMPACT.'THE ECONOMIC STUDY DETERMINED THE COSTS INVOLVED IN THESE THREE OPTIONS AND ALSO INVESTIGATED THE ALTERNATIVE WAYS OF RECALCINING THE SLUD ;E. THESE ALTERNATIVES INCLUDED: 1) GOVERNMENT,ON-SITE PROCESSING; 2)CONTRACTED ON -SITE PROCESSING; 3) PRIVATE ON -SITE PROCESSING; AND 4)PRIVATE OFF-SITE PROCESSING. RECOMMENDATIONS ARE MADE AS TO THE MOST ECONOMICAL ALTERNATIVE FOR DISPOSING OF THE SLUDGE.

SLUDGE DISPOSAL /SLUDGE TREATMENT/ ARIZONA /SLUDGE /COSTS /ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS/ SOCIAL IMPACT /ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY

PU ELICATIONS:

WAGSTAFF, H.R., "EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVE SLUDGE DISPOSAL FOR THE YUMA DESALTING PLANT," PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR, CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, RESEARCH PAPER NO.2, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY, MARCH 1,1976.

0095

WATER RESOURCES PLANNING, SOCIAL GOALS AND INDICATORS: METHODOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT AND EMPIRICAL TEST.

TECHNICAL COMMITTEE ET AL OF THE WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTERS OF THE THIRTEEN WESTERN STATES

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA NEVADA CALIFORNIA

55 A METHODOLOGY FOR CO1PREHENSIVE EVALUATION OF WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT AND USE (TECHCOM)HAS BERN DEVELOPED AND PARTIALLY FIELD TESTED. A MODEL OF 3 SOCIETAL GOALS CONSISTS OF NINE PRIMARY GOALS SUCCESSIVELY ARTICULATED INTO INCREASINGLY SPECIFIC SUBGOALS. ACHIEVEMENT OF SUBGOALS IS PERCEIVED AS AFFECTED BY MEASURABLE SOCIAL INDICATORS 4HOSE VALUES ARE PERTURBED BY WATER RESOURCES ACTIONS. LINKING THE ELEMENTS OF THE GOAL TAXON BY CONNECTIVES RESULTS IN AN EVALUATION SYSTEM. HISTORICAL, POLITICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL CONSIDERATIONS OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM ARE DISCUSSED IN PART I. PART II DESCRIBES THE RESULTS OF THE OF NEW MEXICO TEST INCLUDING PUBLIC PERCEPTION AND 'WEIGHTING OF THE SUBGOALS AND GOALS, AND DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIFIC CONNECTIVES. FUTURE VALUES OF 128 SOCIAL INDICATORS FOR 5 ACTION PLANS FOR FOUR FIVE -YEAR INTERVALS TO 1987 ARE ESTIMATED USING A COMPUTERIZED SYSTEM BASED ON AN INVERSION OF AN INPUT -OUTPUT MODEL INTERACTING WITH SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATOR CONNECTIVES. A COMPUTERIZED SYSTEM FOR QUANTIFIED PLANNING INQUIRY PROVIDES COMPARISONS OF RELATIVE GOAL ACHIEVEMENT AND PERMITS REVIEW OF ALL PLANNING INFORMATION THROUGH A SIMPLE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE PROVIDING VISUAL DISPLAY OR HARD COPY. THE METHODOLOGY IS CONCEIVED AS APPLICABLE GENERALLY TO NATURAL RESOURCES ACTIONS.

.PLANNING /SOCIAL VALUES /DECISION MAKING /WATER POLICY /ECONOMICS /EEVALUATION/ SOCIAL ASPECTS /FEDERAL GOVERNMENT /MODEL STUDIES /CONSERVATION /RECREATION/ AESTHETICS /'WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT /ARIZONA

PUBLICATIONS:

REPORT PRWG -131 -1 PRINTED FOR THE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE BY UTAH WATER RESEARCH LABORATORY, UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY, LOGAN, UTAH. 1974.

0096.

DEVELOP WATER MANAGEMENT METHODS FOR WATERSHEDS SUBJECT TO INTENSIVE DEVELOPMENT.

RESNICK, S.D. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1- 75/6 -30 -76

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 5900

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

TN RECENT TIMES, THE QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF AVAILABLE RATER IN MANY BASINS OF ARIZONA HAVE NOT BEEN IN BALANCE, WITH THE REQUIRED NEEDS FOR DOMESTIC, MUNICIPAL, INDUSTRIAL, RECREATIONAL, AND AGRICULTURAL PURPOSES AS EVIDENCED BY FALLING GROUNDWATER LEVELS. AS IN OTHER BASINS, THE BASIN IS EXPECTED TO UNDERGO RAPID DOMESTIC, MINING, ANC RECREATIONAL GROWTH AND IT IS IMPERATIVE THAT A COIPREHENSIVE STUDY OF THE ENTIRE BASIN BE UNDERTAKEN TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTS OF ADDITIONAL GROWTH ON THE GROUND AND SURFACE WATER SYSTEM. OF EQUAL IMPORTANCE IS THE DEVELOPMENT OF WATER MANAGEMENT PLANS TO MINIMIZE ANY FUTURE ADVERSE EFFECTS ON THE WATER RESOURCES OF THE APEA. OBJECTIVES ALSO INCLUDED THE DEVELOPMENT OF WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS FOR THE SONOITA CREEK BASIN, ASA CASE STUDY, BASED ON PROJECTED WATER AVAILABILITY AND REQJIREMENTS TO THE YEAR 2000.

WATER BALANCE /ARIZONA / SONOITA CREEK BASIN /WATERSHEDS(BASINS)/ WATER MANAGEMENT(APPLIED)

56 0097

WATER QUALITY OF STREAMFLOW FROM PONDEROSA PINE FOREST WATERSHEDS ON SEDIMENTARY SOILS.

FFOLLIOTT, P.F. RENEWABLE NATURAL RESOURCES, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

CATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1- 75/6-30-76

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 5100

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

IN A RECENTLY COMPLETED ASSESSMENT OF WATERSHED MANAGEMENT IN ARIZONA, LITTLE INFQRMATION WAS FOUND TO CHARACTERIZE THE QUALITY OF LATER ORIGINATING IN PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS, WITH SPECIFIC KNOWLEDGE OF WATER QUALITY FROM WATERSHEDS ON SEDIMENTARY SOILS BEING NONEXISTENT. THE PROPOSED INVESTIGATION WILL BE FORMULATED TO ALLEVIATE THIS DEFICIENCY IN HYDROLOGIC INFORMATION. THE OBJECTIVE OF THE INVESTIGATION IS TO CHARACTERIZE PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL, AND IF POSSIBLE, BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF STREAMFLOW FROM PONDEROSA PINE WATERSHEDS ON SEDIMENTARY SOILS. THREE AREAS WILL BE EXPLORED:1) OBTAIN BASELINES INFORMATION ON WATER QUALITY, 2)EMPIRICALLY ASSOCIATE WATER QUALITY PARAMATERS TO LAND USE PATTERNS, AND 3)ANALYZE INTERACTIONS AMONG THE PARAMETERS THAT DEFINE THE QUALITY OF STREAMFLOW FROM THESE WATERSHEDS. SOURCE DATA NECESSARY TO SATISFY THE ABOVE- MENTIONED OBJECTIVE WILL BE OBTAINED FROM EXPERIMENTAL WATERSHEDS BEING EVALUATED IN COOPERATION WITH THE USDA FOREST SERVICE. SAMPLES OF WATER WILL BE COLLECTED AT THE MOUTHS OF THESE WATERSHEDS TO COINCIDE WITH WEEKLY INSTRUMENTATION MAINTENANCE. TO SUPPLEMENT THESE DATA, SAMPLES OF WATER WILL ALSO BE COLLECTED FROM APPROPRIATE UN -GAGED DRAINAGES IN THE VICINITY OF THE EXPERIMENTAL WATERSHEDS. METHODS OF WATER QCALITY ANALYSIS WILL FOLLOW. IN PART, THE PROCEDURES AND TECHNIQUES OUTLINED BY THE AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION.

WATER QUALITY /SEDIMENTS /PONDEROSA PINE /STREAMFLOW /ARIZONA /SEDIMENTATION/ WATERSHED MANAGEMENT

0098 WATER LOSSES FROM SMALL RECREATIONAL LAKES IN ARID REGIONS AND POSSIBLE EFFECTS DOWNSTREAM.

EVANS, D.D. ET AL. HYDROLOGY 6 WATER RESOURCES, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1- 75/6-30 -77

LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 8850

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THE HYDROLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS OF A SMALL PERENNIAL OR EPHEMERAL STREAM IN RELATIVE RUGGED TERRAIN ARE MODIFIED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF A DAi1 AND THE RESULTING RESERVOIR. THE PROPOSED INVESTIGATION WILL EXAMINE THE EFFECTS OF TWO SMALL RECREATIONAL LAKES ON THE WATER BALANCE AT THE TWO LOCATIONS. INFORMATION ON WATER LOSSES FROM LAKES IN RELATION TO RECREATIONAL VALUES GAINED SHOULD LEAD TO MORE RATIONAL DECISIONS ON THE USE OF WATER FOR RECREATIONAL VERSUS OTHER USES. THE PROJECT WILL EXAMINE METHCDCLOGIES AND FIELD APPLY THE APPROPRIATE METHODS FOR DETERMINING: THE EVAPORATION LOSSES FROM THE TWO LAKES, THE ESTIMATED DEEP SEEPAGE LOSSES, AND THE DOWNSTREAM LOSSES FROM THE DAM SITE TO THE BOUNDARY OF THE AQUIFER. THE PRCJECT WILL INTERFACE THE RESULTING KNOWLEDGE GAINED ON WATER LOSSES 'WITH AN EXISTING STUDY ON THE RECREATIONAL VALUE OF SMALL LAKES IN SOUTHERN ARIZONA.

57 EVAPORATION /SEE ?AGE /RECREATION /LAKES /ARIZONA /ARID LANDS

0099

TEXT AND COMMENTARY FOR A NEW WEATHER CONTROL ARTICLE OF THE ARIZONA WATER CODE.

DAVIS, R.J. COLLEGE OF LAW, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 75/11 -30 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 2500

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THIS PROJECT IS DESIGNED TO PRODUCE A SUBSTITUTE FOR THE PRESENT WEATHER CONTROL ARTICLE OF THE ARIZONA REVISED STATUTES. THE REPORT ON THE PROJECT WILL INCLUDE: 1) A TEXT OF THE PROPOSED LEGISLATION AND 2)A COMMENTARY EXPLAINING THE EFFECTS OF THE PROPOSALS AND THE NEED FOR THEIR INCLUSION IN THE ARIZONA WATER CO3E. THESE GOALS WILL BE REACHED BY ANALYZING THE PRESENT STATE OF THE LAW APPLICABLE TO CLOUD SEEDING AND OTHER WEATHER CONTROL ACTIVITIES IN ORDER TO ASCERTAIN WHAT CHANGES IN THE ARIZONA WEATHER CONTROL ACT ARE NECESSARY, DECIDING WHAT STATUTORY PROVISIONS CAN MOST APPROPRIATELY GIVE EFFECT TO SUCH CiIANGES, AND PREPARING A TEXT OF THOSE PROVISIONS AND A COMMENTARY EXPLAINING THE TEXT. A TENTATIVE DRAFT OF THE STATUTE AND COMMENTARY WILL BE CIRCULATED AMONG PERSONS WITH EXPERTISE IN WEATHER MODIFICATION, WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT, WATER LAW, AND THE POLITICAL PROCESSES. THESE COMMENTS WILL BE INCORPORATED INA FINAL DRAFT WHICH WILL BE MADE AVILABLE TO ARIZONA DECISION MAKERS FOR THEIR CONSIDERATION. THE REPORT ALSO CAN BE USED BY OTHER STATES AND GROUPS WISHING TO IMPROVE WEATHER CONTROL LAWS.

LAWS /WATER RIGHTS / WEATHER MODIFICATION /ENVIRONMENT /ARIZONA /WATER LAW/ CLOUD SEEDING

0100

SUITABILITY OF FLUOROCARBONS AS TRACERS IN GROUND WATER RESOURCES EVALUATION.

DAVIS, S.N. HYDROLOGY & WATER RESOURCES, UNIVERSITY OF APIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1-75/6 -30 -76

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 7300

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

58 THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROPOSAL ARE: 1) THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROCEDURES TO MEASJRE FREON 11 TO 12 RATIOS IN GROUND WATER, 2)USE THE RATIOS TO AGE DATE RECENTLY RECHARGED WATER AND THEREBY ESTIMATE RECHARGE VOLUMES, AND 3)TEST THE SUITABILITY OF USING ARTIFICIALLY INTRODUCED FLUOROCARBONS TO TRACE AND PREDICT THE DISPERSIVE PROPERTIES OF POINT OR LINE SOURCES OF POLLUTION. THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES WILL ENCOMPASS TWO BASIC AREAS. FIRST IS SAMPLE COLLECTION AND PREPARATION, TO INCLUDE: PROPER SAMPLE CONTAINERS, SAMPLE SIZE, DEGASSING OF SAMPLE, AND FREON STANDARDS. SECONDLY, MINOR ;MODIFICATIONS WILL BE MADE ON EXISTING GAS CHROMATOGRAPHS, THEREBY ENABLING THE MEASUREMENT OF FLUOROCARBONS. ONCE THE ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES ARE PERFECTED, WATER SAMPLES WILL BE COLLECTED AND ANALYZED FROM A SUITABLE AREA OF NATURAL RECHARGE IN THE TUCSON BASIN. THE DISTRIBUTION OF FREON 11 TO 12 RATIOS WILL BE EVALUATED TO DETERMINE FREJNIS SUITABILITY AS A METHOD OF DATING WATER AND OBTAINING NORE, ACCURATE QUANTIFICATION OF RECHARGE VOLUME. OTHER FLUOROCARBONS, NOT NATURALLY OCCURRING, WILL 3E EVALUATED IN AQUIFERS. FIRST, LABORATORY COLUMN STUDIES WILL BE CONDUCTED USING VARIOUS POROUS MEDIA TO DETERMINE ADSORPTIVE PROPERTIES BETWEEN FLUOROCARBONS AND THE MEDIA. THEN, A CONTROLLED EXPERIMENT WILL BE RUN USING THE FIELD LABORATORY FACILITIES TO COMPARE RESULTS WITH PREVIOUSLY COMPLETED DYE DISPERSIVE STUDIES.

TRACERS /GROUNDWATER /DISPERION /FREON /RECHARGE /GAS /CHROMATOGRAPHY /ARIZONA

0101 ON -SITE INVESTIGATION OF SEEPAGE AND EVAPORATION LOSSES POR A MUNICIPAL WATER RESOURCE FACILITY.

AVERY, C.C. /MURRAY, M.R. /CHASE, D.A. SCHOOL OF FORESTRY /COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING /COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION, NORTHERN ARIZONA UNIVERSITY, FLAGSTAFF, ARIZONA 86001

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LITTLE COLORADO RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1-75/6 -30 -76

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 5450

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THE CITY OF FLAGSTAFF (1970 POPULATION: 26,000) IS DEPENDENT UPON UPPER LAKE MARY FOR A SUBSTANTIIL PART OF ITS MUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY. THIS STUDY PROPOSES A DIRECT MEASUREMENT OF EVAPORATION AND SEEPAGE LOSSES FOR ONE SEASON THROUGH THE USE OF DUPLICATE SEEPAGE /EVAPORATION PONDS LOCATED AT FOUR SITES ALONG THE MAJOR AXIS OF THE LAKE. THE CONTINUITY EQUATION WILL SERVE TO DEFINE SEEPAGE AS A RESIDUAL INASMUCH AS ONE POND WILL BE LINED. STANDARD TECHNIQUES FOR PERCOLATION RATE DETERMINATIONS WILL BE USED OR WILL BE MODIFIED IF FIELD EXIGENCIES SO DEMAND. IT IS INTENDED THAT ULTIMATELY THE COORDINATION OF THIS BASIC HYDROLOGIC INFORMATION WITH ECONOMIC DATA FROM THE LAKE'S STAGE /COST FUNCTION (A STUDY WHICH IS PRESENTLY PROPOSED FOR DEVELOPMENT) WILL PROVIDE A BASIS FOR COORDINATING; THE MANAGEMENT OF UPPER LAKE MARY WITH THAT OF THE CITY'S GROUND WATER SUPPLIES.

EVAPORATION /SEEPAGEE /MUNICIPAL WATER /ARIZONA /LAKE MARY /WATER SUPPLY/ COST ANALYSIS

0102

ESTIMATING MIXING IN AQUIFERS BY TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION.

SIMPSON, E.S./dCEL IGOT, D.M. HYDROLOGY & dATER RESOURCES/AEROSPACE & MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

59 DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1-74/6 -30 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: i 8000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

A THEORETICAL RELATIONSHIP WILL BE DEVELOPED BETFEEN A) THE RELATIVELY EASILY MEASURABLE THERMAL PROPERTIES AND THERMAL STATES OF AN AQUIFER (IN PARTICULAR, THE GEOTHERMAL GRADIENT)AND B) THE RELATIVELY DIFFICULT TO MEASURE MIXING PROPERTIES 0? AQUIFERS. IT IS EXPECTED THAT THIS MILL PROVIDE AN INDIRECT, BUT USEFUL MEANS OF ESTIMATING THE VERTICAL MIXING THAT OCCURS IN GROUNDWATER FLOW, ASSUMING THAT THE UNCERTAINTY DUE TO RANDCM NOISE IS NOT GREATER THAN TEjE DIFFERENCES WE SEEK PO MEASURE.

AQUIFERS / MIXING /GROUNDWATER /ARIZONA /THERMAL PROPERTIES /TEMPERATURE

0103

DEVELOPMENT OF ASPHALT CUSHIONED PLASTIC AND PLASTIC REINFORCED ASPHALT MEMBRANES FOR SEEPAGE CONTROL.

JIMENEZ, R.A. /CLUFF, C.B. CIVIL ENGINEERING /WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 74/6 -30 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 5100

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

PROJECT INVOLVED LABORATORY AND FIELD TESTS TO DEVELOP SPECIFICATIONS FOB USE OF PLASTIC AS A REINFORCEMENT IN ASPHALT MEMBRANES FOR SEEPAGE CONTROL AND WATER HARVESTING. BOTH POLYPROPYLENE MATTING AND POLYETHYLENE SHEETING WILL BE USED IN THE TESTS WITH VARIOUS TYPES OF EMULSIFIED ASPHALTS. APPLICATION VISCOSITY WILL BE VARIED. THE REINFORCED MEMBRANES WILL BE TESTED WITH VARIOUS TYPES OF COVERINGS ON VARIOUS TYPES OF SUBGRALES. PRESSURE TESTS WILL BE MADE WITH.THE ABOVE COM3INATIONS TO DETERMINE SUITABILITY OF THE MATERIAL FOR SEEPAGE CONTROL.

SEEPAGE CONTROL /WATER HARVESTING /WATER CONSERVATION /ASPHALT /MEMBRANES /ARIZONA

01 04

RIPARIAN : A POTENTIAL METHOD FOR RECONSTRUCTING FLOOD AND ANNUAL RUNOFF CHARACTERISTICS OF UNGAGED WATERSHEDS.

STOCKTON, C.W. TREE -RING LABORATORY, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA d5721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 6 -1- 74/6 -30 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 5500

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: 0'Á3T

60 TECHNIQUES OF DENDROCHRONOLOGICAL ANALYSIS WILL BE APPLIED TO TREE SPECIES OF THE RI ?ARIAN ZONE OF THE COLORADO RIVER DRAINAGE TO ESTABLISH A) WHICH SPEÇIES ARE AMENABLE TO SUCH ANALYSIS, AND B)THE EXTENT TO WHICH, AND THE GEOGRAPHIC RANGE WITHIN WHICH, RIPARIAN TREE RING SERIES REFLECT QUANTIFIABLE VARIATIONS IN FLOODING AND ANNUAL WATER YIELD IN LOCAL ANC REGIONAL WATERSHEDS. THE OVERALL OBJECTIVE IS TO DEVELOP A METHOD FOR RETRIEVING ANNUAL HYDROLOGIC INFORMATION FROM ANY DESIRED STREAM OR REACH CF A STREAM FOR ANY TIME PERIOD OF THE RECENT PAST.

DENDROCHRONOLOGICAL ANALYSIS / /ANNUAL WATER YIELD /FLOODING /RUNOFF/ WATERSHEDS(BASINS)/ARIZONA

0105

INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR REDUCING CONFLICT OVER WATER QUALITY IN INTERNATIONAL RIVERS.

WAGNER, J. R. /INGRAM, H.4./WILSON, C.E. POLITICAL SCIENCE DEPAaTMENT, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 6 -1- 74/6 -30 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 4000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THIS PROJECT EYAHINED THE INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS DESIGNED TO COPE WITH THE PROBLEM OF WATER QUALITY IN INTERNATIONAL RIVERS. IT WILL INVESTIGATE THE POSSIBILITY THAT PARTICULAR SETS OF CONDITIONS ARE MORE AMENABLE TC INTERSTATE SOLUTIONS THAN OTHERS AND THAT PARTICULAR INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURES OPERATE MORE EFFECTIVELY THAN OTHERS. FURTHER, THE PROJECT HOPES TO INDICATE THE CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH TECHNICAL PROBLEMS ENTER THE POLITICAL REALM. THE INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AND WATER COMMISSION (IBWC) WILL BE COMPARED AND CONTRASTED WITH THE INTERNATIONAL JOINT COMMISSION (IJC) RESPECTIVELY RESPONSIBLE FOR WATER QUALITY RELATIONS BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND MEXICO AND THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA.

WATER POLICY /POLITICAL ASPECTS /LEGISLATION /ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES /ARIZONA/ INSTITUTIONAL CONSTRAINTS /QUALITY CONTROL /INTERNATIONAL WATERS /MEXICO /CANADA/ UNITED STATES

0105

FEASIBILITY OF MODELING THE INFLUENCES OF PIT RECHARGE ON GROUNDWATER LEVELS ANC QUALITY IN ALLUVIAL BASINS.

WILSON, L.G. /RASBUSSEN, W.O. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER /WATERSHED MANAGEMENT, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1- 74/6 -30 -75

LEVEL OP FUNDING: $ 5900

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

61 THE PURPOSES OF THE STUDY ARE TO UTILIZE DATA FRCM AN ONGOING PIT RECHARGE OPERATION AT TUCSON, ARIZONA, TO EVALUATE THE EFFECT OF SUCH RECHARGE ON LOCAL GROUNDWATER LEVELS AND QUALITY; AND TO EXAMINE THE FEASIBILITY OF UTILIZING MODELING TECHNIQUES TO EXTRAPOLATE LCCAL PIT RECHARGE DATA TO A REGIONAL FRAMEWORK. ACCESSORIES TO THE RECHARGE PIT INCLUDE FLOW MEASURING EQUIPMENT, OBSERVATION ;TELLS AND ACCESS WELLS. WATER SUPPLY CONSISTS OF COOLING TOWER BLOWDOWN EFFLUENT. THE PIT WAS CONSTRUCTED IN ALLUVIAL SEDIMENTS AND THE LOCAL WATER TABLE IS ABOUT 90 FT BELOW LAND SURFACE. A WATER BALANCE STUDY TO BE IMPLEMENTED DURIN3 THE PROJECT WILL INCLUDE DETERMINING PIT INTAKE RATES AND VOLUMES RECHARGED, MONITORING LOCAL AND REGIONAL GROUNDWATER LEVELS AND MONITORING INCOMING WATER QUALITY AND LOCAL AND REGIONAL GROUNDWATER QUALITY. MODELING TECHNIQUES TO BE EVALUATED WILL INCLUDE FINITE DIFFERENCE AND FINITE ELEMENT METHODS. PARTICULAR EMPHASIS WILL BE PLACED ON THE APPLICABILITY OF THESE METHODS FOR SOLVING FREE -BOUNDARY FLOW PROBLEMS WHICH AFISE DURING PIT RECHARGE.

ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE /WATER MANAGEMENT(APPLIED) /WATER BALANCE /GROUNDWATER/ MODEL STUDIES /FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS /ARIZONA

0107

PREDICTION OF SEEPAGE THROUGH CLAY SOIL LININGS IN REAL ESTATE LAKES.

SPOSITO, G. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 74/8 -31 -74

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 3500

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THE- OBJECTIVES WERE 1)THE DEVELOPMENT OF A GENERAL T1EORETICAL EXPRESSION FOR WATER EQUILIBRIUM UNDER GRAVITY IN A HIGHLY- SWELLING LAYER OF CLAY SOIL. DEVELOPMENT OF THE APPROPRIATE GENERALIZATION OF DARCY'S LAW FOR STEADY VERTICAL FLOWS IN A SWELLLING CLAY SOIL. 3) DEVELOPMENT OF A PROCEDURE FOR PREDICTING THE MAGNITUDE AND DIRECTION OF SEEPAGE THROUGH A LINING COMPOSED OP SWELLING SOIL OR CLAY.

CLAYS / LININGS /SEEPAGE,CONTROL /WATER CONSERVATION /LAKES /DARCYS LAW /ARIZONA/ SEEPAGE

PUBLICATIONS:

"PREDICTION OF SEEPAGE THROUGH CLAY SOIL LININGS IN REAL ESTATE LAKES," PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT OWRT PROJECT NO. A- 055 -ARIZ, 1975. SPOSITO, G., "STEADY VERTICAL FLOWS IN SWELLING SOILS," WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH 11 (1975) :461. SPOSITO, G."A THERMODYNAMIC INTEGRAL EQUATION FOR THE EQUILIBRIUM MOISTURE PROFILE IN SWELLING SOIL," WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH 11(1975):499.

01 08

GEOTHERMAL WATER RESOURCES IN ARIZONA: FEASIBILITY STUDY.

DECOOK, K.J. /NORTON, D.L. /SUMMER, J.S. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENT ',:R /GEOSCIENCES /GEOSCIENCES, UNIVERSITY 0? ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 45721

62 AREA(S)OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 74/6 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 7700

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THE OBJECTIVES OF THE PROPOSED WORK ARE TO ANALYZE THE PHYSICAL PROCESSES OF THERMALLY DRIVEN CONVECTIVE GROUNDWATER FLOW IN GROUNDWATER BASINS SUCH AS SULFUR SPRINGS AND SAFFORD VALLEY. THIS OBJECTIVE WILL EE ACHIEVED BY THE FOLOWING METHODS: A) COMPUTATION OF GROUNDWATER FLOW CHARACTERISTICS AROUND IGNEOUS HEAT SOURCES. B) PREDICT PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THERMAL -WATER DEPOSITS IN GROUNDWATER BASINS. C) CONDUCT PRELIMINARY FIELD SURVEYS AND COMPILE GEOLOGICAL AND GEOPHYSICAL DATA ON SELECTED PORTIONS OF SULFUR SPRINGS AND /OR SAFFORD VALLEY. EMPHASIS IS PLACED ON EXAMINING THE FEASIBILITY OF DEVELOPING PREDICTIVE- INTERPRETIVE TOOLS USEFUL IN THE SEARCH FOR THERMAL WATER RESOURCES IN ARIZONA.

GEOTHERMAL STUDIES/T,`HERMAL WATER /GEOPHYSICS /HEAT FLOW /MATHEMATICAL MODELS/ HYDROLOGIC DATA /ARIZONA /FEASIBILITY STUDIES

0109

INVESTIGATION OF BACTERIOLOGICAL POLLUTION OF RECREATIONAL WATERS IN ARIZONA.

LEHMAN, G.S. /FJGEL, i4.1./GALE, R. WATERSHED MANAGEMENT /WATERSHED MANAGEMENT, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 35721 /TONTO NATIONAL FOREST, 102 S. 22ND STREET, PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85025

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7-74/6-76

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 5500

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THE PROPOSED PROJECT ENVISIONS THE USE OF A MODEL THAT WILL PREDICT THE LEVEL OF PATHOGENIC ORGANISMS IN RECREATIONAL WATER BODIES TO SERVE AS AN INDICATOR FOR SAFEGUARDING PUBLIC HEALTH. TO DEVELOP AND TEST SUCH A MODEL WILL REQUIRE 1) DETERMINING THE SOURCE OF BACTERIOLOGICAL PCLLUTION IN RECREATIONAL WATERS. 2) INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF LAKE BOTTOM SEDIMENTS IN THE BUILD UP OF FECAL ORGANISMS IN WATER BODIES, AND 3)DETERMINING THE DILUTION, MIGRATION AND DIE -OFF RATES OF THE BACTERIA. THE STUDY AREA IN QUESTION WILL BE ONE OR MORE OF THE CHAIN OF LAKES IN THE SALT RIVER SYSTEM. IN AN EFFORT TO DETERMINE THE SOURCE OF POLLUTION, HUMAN OR LIVESTOCK, PERIOEIC MEASUREMENTS WILL BE TAKEN OF PUBLIC USAGE, OF HYDROLOGIC, AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS ANC OF BACTERIOLOGICAL COUNTS IN BOTH THE WATER AND LAKE BOTTOM SEDIMENTS. ANALYSIS OF THESE VARIABLES PLUS O4 -SITE CONDITIONS WILL SERVE AS INPUTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PREDICTION MODEL.

ARIZONA /WATER QUALITY /RECREATIONAL WATERS /BACTERIA /PUBLIC HEALTH /ARIZONA/ WATER POLLUTION /FESCJES /SALT RIVER

0110

SAND FILTRATION OF OXIDATION POND EFFLUENT FOR REUSE IN PARK IRRIGATION.

KAS ?ER, D.R. /PHILLIPS, R.A. /SIERKA, R.A. CIVIL ENGINEERING /CIVIL ENGINEERING /CIVIL ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY CF ARIZONA, TUCSON ARIZONA, 85721 63 AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 74/6 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 5200

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THE OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT ARE: EVALUATION OF TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF TERTIARY TREATMENT OF OXIDATION POND AND AERATED LAGOON EFFLUENT BY SOIL FILTRATION TO PERMIT REUSE FOR PARK AND PLAYGROUND IRRIGATION. DETERMINATION OF OPTIMUM HYDRAULIC LOADING PROCEDURE TO MAXIMIZE RATES OF INFILTRATION OF ALGAE LADEN WATERS. EVALUATION OF BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL FILTER EFFLUENT QUALITY WITH RESPECT TO IRRIGATION AND RECREATION REUSE STANDARDS - PARTICULARLY CONCENTRATIONS OF SUSPENDED SOLIDS, ROD AND ALGAE CELLS, COLIFORMS AND FECAL COLIFORMS. DETERMINATION OF FILTER EFFLUENT CHLORINE DEMAND AND DISINFECTABILITY. THE STUDY INVOLVES TWO EXPERIMENTAL PHASES: LABORATORY COLUMN STUDIES AND FIELD PILOT FILTER STUDIES. THE LABORATORY COLUMN SYSTEMS WILL BE USED TO DETERMINE THE OPTIMUM OPERATIONAL PARAMETERS AND PROCEDURES WHICH WILL THEN BE VERIFIED IN THE FIELD STUDIES.

ALGAE /MATER REUSE /OXIDATION LAGOONS /ALGAL CONTROL /AERATED LAGOONS /ARIZONA/ SOIL FILTERS

0111

EXTENDED USE OF TREATED MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER BY THE BUCKEYE IRRIGATION COMPANY: A DOCUMENTATION OF EFFECTS.

DAY, A.D. /TUCKER, T.C. /CLUFF, C.B. /DECOOK, K.J. PLANT SCIENCE DEPARTMENT /SOILS, WATER E ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT/ WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER /WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SALT RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1-74/6 -30 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 8800

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THIS INVESTIGATION WILL DOCUMENT THE EXTENDED USE AND EFFECTS OF TREATED MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER IN THE BUCKEYE IRRIGATION DISTRICT AS A CASE STUDY FOR EVALUATIVE COMPARISOA WITH OTHER EXISTING AND POTENTIAL AREAS. IRRIGATION PRACTICES, CROPPING PATTERNS, FERTILIZATION PRACTICES, AND CROP YIELD RESPONSE AND QUALITY WILL BE EVALUATED FROM DETAILED INTERVIEWS WITH SELECTEL GLOWERS. IN ADDITION, FIELD STUDIES WILL BE CONDUCTED TO MEASURE CROP YIELD RESPONSE AND PRODUCT QUALITY. IRRIGATION WATER QUALITY WILL BE STUDIED BY PERIODIC SAMPLING AND ANALYSES OP INDIVIDUAL WELLS AND CANAL WATER AT SPECIFIC LOCATIONS. THESE VALUES WILL BE COMPARED WITH EXISTING DATA FOR PERIODS DURING AND PREDATING THE USE OF TREATED MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF REPRESENTATIVE SOILS WILL BE STUDIED BY COMPARING PROFILE SAMPLES FROM FIELDS IRRIGATED WITH WASTEWATEF. WITH SAMPLES FROM UNTREATED AGRICULTURAL AREAS. GROUND WATER CONDITIONS WILL BE EVALUATED USING HISTORICAL DATA IN TERMS OF FLOOD FLOWS AND SURFACE -WATER DIVERSIONS; EFFLUENT DIVERSIONS; GROSS GROUND- 'WATER PUMPAGE; PUM ?AGE FROM DRAINAGE WELLS; AND NET FLUCTUATIONS IN GROUND -WATER LEVELS. COMPOSITE QUALITY AND COST OF THE WATER SUPPLY, BEFORE AND AFTER USE OF THE EFFLUENT BEGAN, WILL BE REVIEWED. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE DOCUMENTATION WILL BE MADE.

IRRIGATION EFFECTS /IRRIGATION PRACTICES /WATER REUSE/WATER CONSERVATION/ ARIZONA /WAST2 WATER /MUNICIPAL WASTES

64 0112

EVALUATION OF AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT TO IRRIGATION WATER SALINITY: A CASE STUDY FOR PINAL COUNTY, ARIZONA.

MARTIN, W.E. /MACK, 3.E. /BOSTER, M. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: UPPER GILA RIVER SANTA CRUZ RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 73/6 -30 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 15,300

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THE OVERALL OBJECTIVE OF THE PROPOSED RESEARCH IS TO MAKE ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF THE ADJUSTMENT ALTERNATIVES OPEN TO IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE IN THE PROPOSED SERVICE AREA OF THE CAP IN PINAL COUNTY, ARIZONA, WHERE QUANTITIES OF RELATIVELY SALINE WATER ARE TO BE INTRODUCED TO AN ESTABLISHED IRRIGATED AGRICULTURAL AREA. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES ARE TO: 1) DEVELOP EMPIRICAL MODELS OF ALTERNATIVE ADJUSTMENT POSSIBILITIES ON REPRESENTATIVE IRRIGATED FARMS OF THE AREA (E.G., THE PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL ALTERNATIVES TOGETHER WITH THEIR ASSOCIATED COSTS AND RETURNS); 2) OPERATE THE MODELS SO AS TO PROJECT THE RESOURCE, OUTPUT AND ECONOMIC ADJUSTMENTS IMPLIED BY SELECTION OF THE ALTERNATIVE PHYSICAL AND OR BIOLOGICAL ADAPTATIONS; 3)EVALUATE THE SEVERAL ALTERNATIVE PROJECTIONS IN TERMS OF ECONOMIC ADVANTAGE TO INDIVIDUAL GROWERS AND TO THE STATE. REPRESENTATIVE -FARM LINEAR EROGRAi`tMING MODELS WILL FORM THE BASES OF THE ADJUSTMENT PROJECTIONS. SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS WILL BE PERFORMED RELATIVE TO THE PROJECTED ADJUSTMENTS AND THE POSITED INPUT -OUTPUT RELATIONSHIPS.

ECONOMICS /SALINITY / IRRIGATION /ARIZONA /PINAL COUNTY /LINEAR PROGRAMMING/ IRRIGATION EFFECTS

0113

DIGITIZATION AND COMPUTERIZATION OF RIVER SYSTEM COORDINATE GEOMETRY.

LEHMAN, G.S. /FOGEL, M.M. /CLUFF, C.B. WATERSHED MANAGEMENT /WATERSHED MANAGEMENT /WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 73/6 -74

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 6000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

65 THE ORJECTIV; OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT,A PILOT STUDY, IS TO DEVELOP THE METHODOLOGY, TRAINING PROCEDURES, AND COMPUTER SOFTWARE FOR THE EVENTUAL PREPARATION OF A STATEWIDE COMPUTERIZED CATA SET DESCRIBING ARIZONA'S NATURAL WATERCOURSES. PRINCIPAL ELEMENTS OF THE DATA PROCESSING INCLUDE DIGITIZATION OF RIVER SYSTEM GEOMETRY AND PREPARATION OF A COMPUTERIZED DATA SET OF THE COORDINATES AND ANCILLARY DESCRIPTIVE MATERIAL OF THE RIVER NETWORK. ORTHOPHOTOGRAPHS OF ARIZONA, IN THE PROCESS OF BEING PREPARED BY THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY UNDER THEIR NEW AUTOMATEC SYSTEM, WILL BE USED AS THE DATA BASE. AFTER SELECTION OF A PILOT AREA, A FORMAT WILL BE DEVELOPED TO SET UP THE DATA -IN A FORMAT THAT +TILL BE COMPATIBLE TC THE ARIZONA RESOURCE INFORMATION SYSTEM AND TO THE ARIZONA WATER INFORMATION SYSTEM. A SET OF INSTRUCTIONS ON THE PROCEDURES INVOLVED IN THE PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION OF THE NATURAL WATERCOURSES WILL BE PREPARED FOR USE IN DEVELOPING THE DIGITIZED AND COMPUTERIZED SYSTEM FOR THE ENTIRE STATE OF ARIZONA. TO AID IN THE TRAINING PROCEDURES AND TO PROVIDE A CHECK ON THE CUi4PUTERIZED DATA SET, AERIAL PHOTOS WILL BE OBTAINED FOR A PORTION OF THE STUDY AREA.

STREAM CHANNELS /DRAINAGE SYSTEMS /INFORMATION RETRIEVAL /AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY/ ARIZONA /RIVER SYSTEMS

0114

CONCEPTUAL DESIGN EVALUATION OF A PHYSICAL -CHEMICAL DOMESTIC WASTE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM UTILIZING POWER PLANT WASTE HEAT.

FAZZOLARE, R.A. /SIÉRA, R.A. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING /CIVIL ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1- 73/6 -30 -74

LEVEL OF FUNDING: 3 9500

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THE OBJECTIVES OF THE PROPOSED WORK ARE: TO EXAMINE THE FUNDAMENTAL OPERATIONS IN THE HEAT TRANSFER SYSTEM, COAGULATION- SEDIMENTATION SYSTEM, ORGANIC REMOVAL SYSTEM, COAGULANT AND /OR ABSORPTION RECOVERY SYSTEM, AND THE WATER TREATMENT - POWER RLANT COJPLING SYSTEM. A SYSTEM CONFIGURATION INDICATING PARAMETERS, GEOMETRY, AND ECONOMICS WILL BE SYNTHESIZEC AND EVALUATED. VARIOUS ALTERNATIVES FOR HEAT TRANSFER EQJIPMENT AND SEDIMENTATION WILL BE PROPOSED AND EVALUATED FOR SUITABLE SUBSYSTEMS. CARBON COLUMN OPERATION WILL BE COMPARED TO A ONE - STEP ADDITION OF POWDERED ACTIVATION CARBON. LABORATORY STUDIES WILL BE DIRECTED TOWARD THE POSSIBLE DESIGN OF A COAGULANT REGENERATION SYSTEM.

WASTE WATER TREATMENT/SEWAGE TREATMENT /RECLAIi1EC WATER /HEATED SEWAGE/ NUCLEAR POWERPLANTS /COOLING WATER /HEAT TRANSFER /ARIZONA

0115

RESOURCE INFORMATION APPLIED TO ;;ATER RESOURCES AND DISCHARGES AT EXISTING ARE POTENTIAL POWER PLANT SITES IN ARIZONA ANC THE SOUTHWEST.

DECOOK, K.J. /FAZZOLARE, R. A. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER /DEPT. OF NUCLEAR ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEA :NCH: 7- 73/6 -74

LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 7200

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: 04RT

66 THE OBJECTIVES OF T'1E PROPOSED WORK ARE AS FOLLOWS: 1) TO ASSEMBLE AND INDEX ALL AVAILA3LE INFORMATION ON A)CURRENT AND NEAP. -FUTURE REQUIREMENTS FOR GENERATION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY IN THE ARIZONA REGION, B) WATER AND WASTEWATER SOURCES APPLICABLE TO POWER GENERATION COOLING REQUIREMENTS, C) CHARACTERISTICS AND POTENTIAL USES OF REJECTED HEAT AND BLOWCOWN WATER, AND D)POTENTIAL WATER SOURCES AND USES RELATED TO DUAL -PURPOSE PLANTS FOR AND POWER PRODUCTION; AND 2)TO DEVELOP A)A LAND USE GRID OF THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER REGION( ARIZONA) INDICATING AVAILABILITY OF WATER FOR POWER GENERATION, AND B) APPROPRIATE TECHNIQUES FOR COMPUTERIZED PRESENTATION OF HYDROLOGICAL SITING CRITERIA. EXISTING CO.IPUTER SOFTWARE AND FACILITIES, AND PROCEDURES PREVIOUSL'( DEVELOPED UNDER THE ARIZONA WATER INFORMATION SYSTEM, ARE TO BE UTILIZED IN PROCESSING AND STORING ALL NUMERICAL DATA AND RESEARCH ACTIVITY INFORMATION OBTAINED DURING THE STUDY. THE DEVELOPMENT OF A LAND USE GRID FOR POWER PLANT SITING INVOLVES LOCATION DESCRIPTORS IN A COORDINATE GRID SYSTEM, WITHIN WHICH PLANT SITING CRITERIA WILL BE REFINED IN TERMS OF WATER AND WASTEWATER SUPPLIES AND PLANT COOLING REQUIREMENTS. EMPHASIS IS TO BE PLACED UPON DATA COLLECTION, PROCESSING, AND ANALYSIS AS RELATED TO THE COMBINED IMPACTS OF INCREASING REGIONAL ENERGY DEMAND AND INCREASING PRODUCTION OF MUNICIPAL AND INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATERS.

COOLING WATER /DATA PROCESSING /INFORMATION RETRIEVAL /NUCLEAR POWERPLANTS/ WATER REUSE /ARIZONA /POWERPLANTS /WASTE WATER /COLORADO RIVER

0115

DESIGN AND PILOT STUDY OF AN ARIZONA WATER INFORMATION SYSTEM.

FOSTER, K.F.. /DECOOK, K.J. OFFICE OF ARID LANDS STUDIES /WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 71/6 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 45,500

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT ARIZONA WATER COMMISSION

THE DESIGN OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM WHICH WILL PERMIT USERS AT ANY LEVEL (FROM INDIVIDUALS TO FEDERAL AGENCIES) TO QUICKLY AND EFFICIENTLY RETRIEVE DESIRED INFORMATION RELATIVE TO ARIZONA'S WATER RESOURCES. A USER SHOULD BE ABLE TO REQUEST INFORMATION EITHER VIA DATA PHONE LINKS, NORMAL TELEPHONE, IN PERSON, OR 'THROUGH TIE NAILS- -OUTPUT SHOULD PE TRANSMITTED THRU DATA PHONE, MAIL OR PERSONAL COURIER. AN ESSENTIAL ELEMENT. WILL BE SIMPLICITY --AT LEAST AS FAR AS THE USER IS CONCERNED.

DATA PROCESSING /DATA STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL /HYDROLOGIC DATA /SYSTEMS ANALYSIS/ WATER RESOURCES /ARIZONA

0117

DEVELOPMENT OF A BIBLIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR WATER YIELD IMPROVEMENT PRACTICES.

THORUD, D.B. WATERSHED MANA.;ENENT, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

67 AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1- 72/6 -30 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 15,400

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

NEW KNOWLEDGE RELATIVE TO ASPECTS OF WATER YIELD IMPROVEMENT THROUGH VEGETATION MANAGEMENT IN ARIZONA IS BECOMING AVAILABLE AT AN INCREASING RATE. UNFORTUNATELY, DECISION -MAKERS AND PLANNERS, LAND MANAGERS AND RESOURCE SPECIALISTS, AID HYDROLOGISTS OFTEN FIND IT DIFFICULT TO KEEP ABREAST OF CURRENT KNOWLEDGE. THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INFORMATION AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM SHOULD HELP TO ALLEVIATE THIS PROBLEM. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY IS TO ORGANIZE PERTINENT PAPERS, REPORTS, SUMMARIES, ETC., INTO A READILY AVAILABLE INFORMATION AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM. THIS SYSTEM, IDEALLY, WILL FACILITATE USE FOR CURRENT OPERATIONAL PLANNING AND WILL PERMIT CONTINUOUS UP- DATING FOR FUTURE INVESTIGATIONS.

CATA PROCESSING /DATA STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL /HYDROLOGIC DATA /SYSTEMS ANALYSIS/ WATER YIELD IMPROVEMENT

0118

AN ASSESSMENT OF SNOWPACK DEPLETION- SURFACE RUNOFF RELATIONSHIPS ON FORESTED WATERSHEDS.

FFOLLIOTT, P.F. /THORUD, D.B. WATERSHED MANAGEMENT, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1- 73/6 -30 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 9660

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

SNOWMELT IS A .MAJOR SOURCE OF RUNOFF AND WATER YIELD IN CENTRAL ARIZONA. HOWEVER, WHILE RESEARCH EFFORTS HAVE BEEN CONDUCTED TO PROVIDE INFORMATION ON LAND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES THAT WILL INCREASE SNOWPACK ACCUMULATIONS IN SITU, LITTLE WORK HAS BEEN DIRECTED TOWARD DETERMINATIONS OF THE PORTION OF A SNOWPACK THAT IS CONVERTED TO RECOVERABLE WATER. THE PROPOSED PROJECT IS DESIGNED TO DEVELOP HYDROLOGIC KNOWLEDGE NECESSARY FUR UNDERSTANDING AND PREDICTING THE RUNOFF EFFICIENCES (I.E., THE PORTION OF THE SNOWPACK AT PEAK SEASONAL ACCUMULATION THAT IS CONVERTED INTO RECOVERABLE WATER BY THE END OF THE RUNOFF SEASON) OF WATERSHEDS CONTRIBUTING SNOW. ".ELT RUNOFF. SOURCE DATA WILL CONSIST JF SNOWPACK WATER EQUIVALENT AS QUANTIFIED ON A SERIES OF EXPERIMENTAL WATERSHEDS THROUGHOUT THE ACCUMULATION AND MELT PERIODS. THESE DATA, COUPLED WITH RECORDS OF SURFACE RUNOFF ASCERTAINED FROM STREAMFLOW GAGING STATIONS ON THE EXPERIAENTAL WATERSHEDS, WILL BE USED TO DEVELOP SNOWPACK DEPLETION-SURFACE RUNOFF RELATIONSHIPS. SUCH RELATIONSHIPS WILL FORM THE REQUIRED ANALYTIC CORE TO SATISFY THEE PROJECT CBJECTIVE.

SNOWMELT /RUNJFF /WATER SUPPLY /WATER YIELD /FOREST MANAGEMENT /ARIZONA/ SNOWPACKS /WATERSHEDS(BASINS)

68 0119

TRANSIENT MJVE:NENT OF WATER AND SOLUTES IN UNSATURATED SOIL SYSTEMS.

EVANS, D.D. /QASHU, H.K. /TYAGI, A.K. /WARRICK, A.W. HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES /HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES/ HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES /AGRICULTURAL CHEíMISTRY AND SOILS, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1- 73/9 -1 -75

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

TSE PURPOSE OF THIS RESEARCH IS TO EVALUATE THE TRANSFER OF 'WATER AND SOLUTES (SOLUBLE SALIS) BETWEEN TH^ ROOT ZONE ANDA RATER TABLE. A GENERALIZED MATHEMATICAL MODEL JILL 9E FORMULATED TO PREDICT THE SIMULTANEOUS MOVEMENT OF WATER AND SOLUTES UNDER TRANSIENT CONDITIONS. THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD WILL BE USED FOR THE :109EL. HYDRAULIC MODELS WILL BE DEVELOPED IN THE LABORATORY TO VERIFY THE COMPUTER SOLUTIONS. ALSO, FIELD DATA, INCLUDING TRANSPORT COEFFICIENTS, WATER FLUX AND SOLUTE FLUX, WILL BE COLLECTE) FOR COMPARISON WITH COMPUTED SOLUTIONS. AFTER THE MODEL IS VERIFIED, WATER AND SOLUTE MOVE;iE.+'T UNDER A RANGE OF CONDITIONS WILL BE EXAHINED.

WATER TRANSFER /SOLUTES /UNSATURATED FLOW /FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS /WATER TABLE/ ROCT ZONE /ARIZONA

0120

HYDROLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS ON WATER MANAGEMENT IN SEMIARID URBAN AREAS - PHASE II.

RESNICK, S.D. ET AL. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA d5721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7-1-72/9-30-73

LEVEL OF FUNDING: 3 b7,650

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THE OBJECTIVES ARE AS FOLLOWS: 1) TO CONTINUE RAINFALL AND RUNOFF STUDIES FOR SELECTED SEMIARID URBAN AND SUBURBAN WATERSHEDS RELATIVE TO DIFFERING DEVELOPMENT INTENSITIES AND TYPES (RESIDENTIAL, COMMERICAL AND INDUSTRIAL); TO COMPARE RESULTS OF THESE STUDIES WITH THOSE OF A RURAL, ESSENTIALLY UNDISTURBED WATERSHED; AND TO ANALYZE IN DETAIL THE QUANTITATIVE EFFECTS OF THE COMPOSITE SURFACE PROPERTIES OF THE VARIOUS CATCHMENTS ON RUNOFF UNDER VARIOUS INTENSITIES AND DURATION OF RAINFALL. 2) ON A CONTINUING BASIS, TO REFINE THE CRITERIA FOR SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS, AND TO COLLECT AND ANALYZE SAMPLES OF THE URBAN AND RURAL RUNOFF FROM DISTRIBUTED POINTS WITHIN EACH WATERSHED AND IN ADJOINING MAIN STREAMS FOR DISSOLVED AND SUSPENDED ORGANIC AND INORGANIC MATERIAL. 3) TO CONTINUE THE ADAPTATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF MATHEMATICAL MODELS TO BE 'TESTED WITH GENERATED PROJECT DATA, FOR THE DETERMINATION OF WATER YIELD AND QUALITY RELATIONSHIPS TO DE USED IN FORMULATING DESIGN CRITERIA FOR HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES, AND IN SPECIFYING SIZE, TYPE, AND LOCATION OF FACILITIES FOR DIVERSION, STORAGE, TREATMENT, AND USE OF THE WATER. 4) TO DETERMINE OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY, dY INITIATING PILOT STUDIES IN THE FIELD TO DEVELOP METHODS FOP :1ANAGEMENT OF URBAN RUNOFF ASA WATER RESOURCE. MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES ARE RELATED TO SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE STORAGE, CHEMICAL AND MECHANICAL WATER TREATMENT, AND RECREATIONAL AND IRRIGATION USES. THE PILOT STUDIES WILL 3E SO DESIGNED AS TO EVALUATE AND MITIGATE POTENTIAL HAZARDS TO PUPLIC HEALTH AND SAFETY DUE TO FLOODING AND POLLUTIONAL EFFECTS ON GROUND WATER.

69 URBANIZATION /dATER MANAGEMENT(APPLIED)/WATER REUSE /SEMIARID CLIMATES /CITIES/ 4ATERSHEDS (3ASINSS) /U23AN RUNOFF /ARIZONA

0121

DECISION ANALYSIS FOR WATERSHED MANAGEMENT ALTERNATIVES.

FOGEL, M.M./THAMES, J.L. WATERSHED MANAGEMENT, USIVËRSITY OF ARIZUNS, TUCSON, AíRI<".ONA 85721

ARUA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 72/9 -30 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: ; 190,500

SUPPORTING AJENCIES: )WRT

LAND MANAGERS ARE IN NEED OF DECISIONJ- MAKING PROCEDURES CONCERNING THE ALLOCATION OF FUNDS FOR WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES. TO GET AT THIS PROBLEM, THE PROJECT PROPOSES TO INCORPORATE STOCHASTIC MODELS 07 PRECIPITATION INTO HYDROLOGIC WATERSHED MODELS FOR THE PREDICTION OF THE EFFECTS CF WATERSHED TREATMENTS ON RUNOFF, EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION. THE DECISION- MAKING PROCESS ITSELF WILL THEN BE MODELLED AS AN ECONOMIC TRADE -OFF MODEL, WHICH WILL MAXIMIZE BENEFITS AND .MINIMIZE CAMAGES. BOTa TYPES CF MODELS, PHYSICAL AND ECONOMIC, WILL HAVE TO FACE MANY UNCERTAINTIES. SI :NCE THE MECHANISMS OF WATERSHED RESPONSE TO LAND TREATMENT PRACTICES ARE NOT COMPLETELY UND.E.'RS',00D, THE WATERSHED MODEL WILL 3E LESS THAN PERFECT CREATING UNCERTAINTY FOR THE DECISION MAKER. UNCERTAINTIES ALSO EXIST EECAUSE OF THE EXTREME VARIABILITY OF INPUTS SUCH AS PRECIPITATION, BECAUSE PARAMFTFR ESTIMATION IS OFTEN BASED ON RELATIVELY SCARCE DATA, AND BECAUSE THE GOALS THEMSELVES SOMETIMES CHANGE. IT IS INTENDED THAT ADAPTIVE CONTROL OR MULTI -STAGE CONTROL DECISION- ?AKING MODELS WILL 3E USED WHICH ALLOWS FOR THE IMBEIIING OF MEANS FOR REDUCING THESE UNCERTAINTIES. SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS TO THESE UNCERTAINTIES WILL BE PERFORMED TO INDICATE WHERE ADDITIONAL WO ?K WILL BE :DEEDED.

WATERSHED MANAGE :LENT /DECISION MAKING /OPTIMIZATION /MATHEMATICAL MODELS /ARIZONA/ SIMULATION ANAL`ISIS /SYSTEMS ANALYSIS /STOCHASTIC PROCESSES

0122

THE ROLE OF INSTITUTIONAL FRA1?1ENTATION IN PROMOTING POLICY INNOVATION.

INGìAM, H.M. POLITICAL SCIENCE DEPT, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AHEA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 73/12 -31 -74

LEVEL OF FJdDI::ú: 3 40,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: O::27

70 THIS RESEARCH QUESTIONS TIE ASSU.IPTION THAT THE FRAGMENTATION OF INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS IN WATER RESOURCES :NECESSARILY LEADS TO INEFFICI1NT RESOURCE ALLOCATIC'i. IT INVESTIGATES THE POSSIBILITY THAT FRAGMENTATION AND THE MULTIPLICITY OF ACTORS AND DECISION CENTERS ASSOCIATED WITH DECENTRALIZATION ACUTALLY ENCOURAGES INNOVATION AND RESPONSIVENESS OF POLICY. CASE STUDIES ARE MADE OF THE COURSE OF POLICY DEVELOP:1ENT IN THE SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE'S pi1ALL WATERSHED PROGRAM AND THE WATER POLLUTION CONTROL PROGRAM IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY. THE PATTERNS OF POLICY INNOVATION AND CHANGE ARE RELATED TO THE EXTENT OF CONGRESSIONAL FRAGMENTATION IN THE LEGISLATIVE PROCESS ON THESE PRJ.,RAMS.

WATER POLICY /POLITICAL ASPECTS /ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES /LEGISLATION/ INSTITUTIONAL CONSTRAINTS /S ;TALL WATERSHEDS /ARIZONA

PUELICATIONS:

012.3

PRACTICAL USE JF DECISION THEORY TO ASSESS' UNCERTAINTIES ABOUT ACTIONS AFFECTING T93 ENVIRONMENT.

DUCKSTEIN, L. /FOGEL, M.M. /WEBER, J.E. /DAVIS, D.D. INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING / *ATERSHED MANAGEMENT/MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT/ HYDROLOGY E WATER RESOURCES, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 8- 74/8 -76

LEVEL OF ?UNDING: $ 123,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THERE EXISTS A SUBTLE RELATION BETWEEN INFORMATION, DECISION- MAKING AND UNCERTAINTIES. IN THIS FRAMEWORK WE PROPOSE TO APPLY AND EXTEND OUR ACCUMULATED RESEARCH EXPERIENCE WITH DECISION THEORY AND THE THEORY OF STOCHASTIC PROCESSES TO THE PRACTICAL PROBLEMS OF ASSESSING UNCERTAINTIES ABOUT HYDROLOGIC AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS. THIS EFFORT WAS MOTIVATED BY THE APPARENT LACK OF METHODOLOGY FOR UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS IN THE PROCESS OF PREPARING AND USING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENTS. APPROACH: AFTER A CRITICAL REVIEW OF TIE UNCERTAINTY PROBLEMS IN ACTION A ?FECTING THE ENVIRONMENT (PARTIALLY REFLECTED IN ENVIRONiEN'TAL IMPACT STATEMENTS) AND AFTER IDENTIFYING THE CLASSES OF UNCERTAINTY PROBLEMS THAT ARE AMENABLE TO ATTACK .4ITH THE EXISTING KNOWLEDGE ABOUT DECISION THEORY, WE PROPOSE TO CONSIDER THE FOLLOWING ELEMENTS OF A METHODOLOGY FOP COPING WITH UNCERTAINTY PROBLEMS. FIRST, WE CONSIDER CRITERIA THAT REFLECT SOCIO- ECONOMIC COSTS OF UNDER -REACTING AND OF OVER- REACTING TO DIFFERENT CLASSES OF UNCERTAINTIES (IN GOALS, IN APPROPRIATE CRITERIA, IN MODEL STRUCTURE, IN PARAMETER ESTIMATES). SECOND, WE CONSIDER THOSE CRITERIA THAT HELP US DECIDE TO WAIT OR NOT FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESS AND ITS INPUTS BEFORE DECIDING ON A COURSE OF ACTION. OF OTHER CRITERIA IN THE MATRIX OF DECISION FACTORS THAT ENTER THE DECISIU:J ANC POLICY MAKING PROCESS. EXAMPLES WOULD D. DEVELOPED, PRIMARILY FOR THE ARIZONA ENVIRONMENT TO DEMONSTRATE THE MERITS AND LIMITATIONS OF DECISION THEORY FOR COPING WITH UNCERTAINTIES ABOUT ACTIONS AFFECTING THE ENVIRONMENT.

WATER RESOURCES PLANNING /ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT /MATHEMATICAL MODELS/ SYSTEMS ANALYSIS /PROBABILITY STATISTICS /DECISION MAKING /ARIZONA 0124

INVESTIGATION OF CORROSION PROCESSES ON METALS IN CONTACT WITH LAKE MEAD WATER.

MILES, M.J. DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, DATE AND ELMS STREETS, BUREAU OF MINES BLDG. 500, BOULDER CITY, NEVADA

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER ABOVE PARKER DAM LOWER MEADOW VALLEY WASH

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7-1- 75/6 -30 -76

LEVEL OF FUNDING: E 12,500

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT NEVADA, STATE OF

THIS INVESTIGATION WAS DESIGNED TO EXPERIMENTALLY DETERIINE THE CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROCESSES INVOLVED IN CORROSION OF METALS BY RAW LAKE MEAD WATER AVD THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF EACH. LAKE MEAD WATER CAUSES SEVERE CORROSIVE ATTACK ON PIPS AND PLUMBING FIXTURES. HOWEVER, CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL CAUSES OF THIS CORROSION ARE NOT WELL UNDERSTOOD. TEN EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS ARE EMPLOYED TO A)ESTABLISH BASE ATTACK RATES, B) DETERMINE EFFECTS OF ACCELERATION, C) DETERMINE TEMPERATURE EFFECTS ON ACCELERATION, D)DETERMINE EFFECTS OF DECELERATION, E) MEASURE THE ESCAPE OF ACID ANHYDRIDE GASES, F) DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF STATIC STRESS ON CORROSION RATES, AND G)FIND RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CORROSION RATES AND PIEZO- ELECTRIC POTENTIALS.

NEVADA /LAKE MEAD /COLORADO RIVEEER /CORROSION /CHEMICAL DEGRADATION

0125

GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS /ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF EXTRACTION, CONVERSION, AND WASTE DISPOSAL.

GILMORE, D.B. U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, P.O. BOX 15027, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89114

AREAS(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1976/1981

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 370,000

THE PROJECT IS TO DEVELOP AND VALIDATE STRATEGIES FOR MONITORING CHANGES IN QUALITY TO AIR, SURFACE WATER, GROUNDWATER, PLANTS AND ANIMALS AS A RESULT OF GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT, CONVERSION, AND WASTE DISPOSAL.

CALIFORNIA /GEOTHERMAL STUDIES /WASTE DISPOSAL /ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS

0126

VIRGIN RIVER BASIN STUDY (PHASE I).

TROLA, G. SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE, USDA, P.O.BOX 4850, RENO, NEVADA 89505

72 AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO HIVER ABOVE PARKER DAM UPPER LOWER WHITE RIVER UPPER MEADOW VALLEY WASH LOWER MEADOW VALLEY WASH VIRGIN RIVER BASIN

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1 -76

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 126,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: STATE WATER AGENCIES: ARIZONA, NEVADA, UTAH

THIS STUDY REVIEWS ALL WATER AND RELATED LAND RESOURCE RESEARCH THAT HAS BEEN CARRIED OUT IN THE VIRGIN RIVER AREA DURING THE PAST 75 YEARS. THIS RESEARCH WILL BE COMPILED INTO A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF ALL THE STUDIES, GROUPED BY SUB -BASIN. A SUMMARY REPORT WILL BE PREPARED, WHICH WILL IDENTIFY RESOURCE VOIDS THAT MAY (OR MAY NOT) EXIST. THIS COULD PROVIDE GUIDANCE TO THE STATE AGENCY SPONSORS IN DETERMINING THE NEED FOR ADDITIONAL STUDIES.

NEVADA /ARIZONA /UTAH /BIBLIOGRAPHIES /WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT /VIRGIN RIVER

PUBLICATIONS:

"BIBLIOGRAPHY, VIRGIN RIVER BASIN AREA, NEVADA- UTAH -ARIZONA," USDA -SOS, RENO, NEVADA, JULY 1976. (PUBLISHED OR XEROX COPIES PREPARED IN LIMITED NUMBER)? "SUMMARY REPORT, VIRGIN RIVER BASIN STUDY PHASE I," USDA -SCS, RENO, NEVADA, JULY 1976.(PUBLISHED OR XEROX COPIES AVAILABLE IN LIMITED NUMBERS).

0127

COLORADO RIVER WATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM, DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT.

U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION /STRAND, R. WATER QUALITY OFFICE, ENGINEERING AND RESEARCH CENTER, U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION, DENVER, COLORADO

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA NEVADA CALIFORNIA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1972/1981

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 2,000,000 /ANNUM

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION

TITLE II OF PUBLIC LAW 93 -320 AUTHORIZES THE CONSTRUCTION OF FOUR SALINITY CONTROL UNITS AS PART OF THE INITIAL STAGE OF THE COLORADO RIVER WATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. THESE UNITS INCLUDE UNIT, COLORADO; THE GRAND VALLEY UNIT, COLORADO; THE CRYSTAL GEYSER UNIT, UTAH; AND THE LAS VEGAS WASH UNIT, NEVADA. THIS STATEMENT PRESENTS CUMULATIVE IMPACTS OF THE PROGRAM AND DETAILED IMPACTS OF THE LAS VEGAS WASH AND CRYSTAL GEYSER UNITS SUFFICIENT TO COMPLY WITH N.E.P.A. REQUIREMENTS. ALSO, PRELIMINARY INFORMATION IS PRESENTED FOR CONTINUING INVESTIGATION OF OTHER CONTROL UNITS. IN ADDITION, THE ALTERNATIVES TO THE PROPOSED PROGRAM FEATURES AND THEIR ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ARE OUTLINED.

WATER QUALITY / COLORADO RIVER /ARIZONA /CALIFORNIA /COLORADO /NEVADA /NEW MEXICO/ UTAH / /ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS / SALINITY /GROUNDWATER /DESALINATION PLANTS/ SEEPAGE /SPRINGS /THER ;1AL SPRINGS

73 PUBLICATIONS:

"DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT, COLORADO RIVER WATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM," PREPARE!) BY U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR IN SUPPORT OF P.L. 93-320, TITLE II, MARCH 5, 1976. FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT TO BE COMPLETED NOVEMBER 1976.

0123

COLORADO RIVER -FLOW MANAGEMENT.

SANDERS, J.I. /GLOVER. R.E. /NELSON, C.A. U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION, DENVER FEDERAL CENTER, P.O. BOX 25007, MC 1512, DENVER, COLORADO 90225

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER BELOW PARKER DAM COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1968 /CONTINUING

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION

A METHOD OF COMPUTIN3 TRANSIENT FLOW CHANGES IN A FLOWING STREAM IS DESCRIBED. THE RESULTS OF MORE THAN FIVE YEARS OF EXPERIENCE IN THE USE OF 'THIS METHOD FOR ESTIMATING FLOWS AT THE GAGING STATIONS OF THE 147 -MILE PARKER-IMPERIAL REACH OF THE COLORADO RIVER ARE SUMMARIZED. AN ACCOUNT IS MADE OF DIGITAL COMPUTER APPLICATIONS iMHICH ENABLE TABULATIONS OF THE EXPECTED FLOWS AT THE GAGING STATIONS FOR EACH HOUR OF THE ENSUING 24 HOURS TO BE MADE AND TRANSMITTED TO THE BOULDER CITY OFFICE OF THE USBR IN TIME TO BE AVAILABLE AT THE BEGINNING OF EACH WORK DAY. TABULATION COVERING 72 HOURS IS PREPARED FOR WEEKEND OPERATIONS. DEMONSTRATED IS THE USEFULNESS FOR TIGHTENING CONTROL OF THE RIVER FOR PURPOSES OF PREVENTING THE ÁASTE OF WATER.

ARIZONA /CALIFORNIA /DATA TRANSMISSION /COLORADO RIVER /STREAMFLOW /MANAGEMENT/ STORAGE /HYDRAULICS /DAMS /WATER DELIVERY /WATER CONSERVATION /FLOW CHARACTERISTICS / WATER SUPPLY /DIGITAL COMPUTERS /DOWNSTREAM /RETURN FLOW /POWERPLANTS

PUBLICATIONS:

GLOVER, R.E., C.A. NELSON AND J.I. SANDERS, "CCLCRADO RIVER -FLOW MANAGEMENT," JOURNAL OF THE HYDRAULICS DIVISION, PROCEEDINGS OF ASCE 100, NO. HY11, PAPER NO. 10934 (1')74) :1519 -1535.

0129

RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS TO PLAN, DEVELOP AND MANAGE A GROUND AND SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, PHASE IV.

COCHRAN, G.F. WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA SYSTEM, RENO, NEVADA

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY COLORADO RIVER VALLEY

DATES OF RESEARCH: 11- 1- 71/10 -31 -73

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 106,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT NEVADA, STATE OF

74 THIS STUDY WAS ACCOM?LISHED OVER A PERIOD OF SEVERAL YEARS AND INVOLVED A MULPIDISCIPLINARY TEAM. DETAILS OF EARLY EFFORTS CAN BE FOUND IN THE THREE EARLIER PUBLICATIONS RESULTING FROM THIS RESEARCH EFFORT. PHASE IV STUDY INCLUDED THE USE OF A PERSONAL INTERVIEW TECHNIQUE TO STUDY THE PRICE ELASTICITY OF RESIDENTIAL CONSUMER WATER DEMAND. THIS ANALYSIS ALSO DEVELOP(wi) SOCIO- ECONOMIC CORRELATIONS FOR RESIDENTIAL WATER CONSUMPTION. CONSUMER ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOR REGARDING WATER QUALITY AND PRICING STRUCTURES WERE STUDIED THROUGH ANOTHER EXTENSIVE PERSONAL INTERVIEW QUESTIONAIRB. SIGNIFICANT FINDINGS WERE MADE WITH REGARD TO PERCEPTIONS OF WATER QUALITY AND CORRELATIONS WERE DEVELOPED AMONG SOCIAL STATUS VARIABLES AND WATER USE ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOR. IN ALL FOU3 PHASES MODEL$ OF THE VARIOUS COMPONENTS OF THE WAI$R RESOURCE SYSTE1 WERE CONSTRUCTED AND INCORPORATED INTO AN OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM TO DEVELOP GROUND AND SURFACE WATER MANAGEMENT POLICIES WHICH WOULD MINIMIZE WATER COSTS, AND MAXIMIZE WATER QUALITY. IT WAS FOUND THAT LAKE HEAP ELEVATION WAS A SIGNIFICANT FACTOR IN LONG TERM POLICIES AND THAT FURTHER GROUND -WATER MINING IS DESIRABLE BOTH TO MINIMIZE COSTS AND MAXIMIZE QUALITY.

NEVADA /LAKE MEAD /WATER QUALITY /ELASTICITY OF DEMAND /WATER CONSUMPTION/ OPTIMIZATION /ALGORITHMS /WATER MANAGEMENT(APPLIED) /GROUNDWATER MINING

PUc:.ICATIONS:

TO EE PUBLISHED AS A HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES PUBLICATION, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA SYSTEM, RENO.

0130

STUDY OF THE GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIR UNDERLYING THE EAST MESA AREA, , CALIFORNIA.

MURPHY, W.O. /REITZEL, J.S. SYSTEMS GROUP OF TRW, INC., ONE SPACE PARK, REDONDO BEACH, CALIF. 90278

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 8- 75/8 -76

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 100,000

THIS PROJECT IS TO DEFINE RESERVOIR LONGEVITY AT VARIOUS RATES OF EXTRACTING THE GEOTHERMAL FLUIDS. THE PROJECT INVOLVES DETERMINING THE FLUID AND THERMAL RESERVES IN THE RESERVOIR AND COMPUTING LONGEVITY, OPTIMUM WELL SPACING AND OTHER RESERVOIR PARAMETERS FROM TWO-DIMENSIONAL AND THREE- DIMENSIONAL SIMULATIONS OF RESERVOIR PERFORMANCE. FURTHER DETAILS CAN BE OBTAINED FROM THE BUREAU OF RECLAMATION, BOULDER CITY, NEVADA.

CALIFORNIA /GEOTHERMAL STUDIES /RESERVOIRS /MODEL STUDIES /WELL SPACING /PARAMETERS

0131

WATER QUALITY AND CONSUMER COSTS.

WESNER, G.M.

C.W.C., 2232 SE BRISTOL, SUITE 210, SANTA ANA, CALIFORNIA 92707

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SOUTH COASTAL

75 DATES ')F RESEARCH: 4- 7 1/5- 72

LEViL OF FUNDING: S 50,000

SUPPO:?TING AGENCIES: ORANGE COUNTY iiA'TER DIST3.LCT

A SURVEY OF DJ :7ESTIC WATER USERS WAS CONDUCTED BY THE ORANGE COUNTY WATER DISTRICT AND NINE WATER PURVEYING AGENCIESIì+ ORANGE COUNTY. THE PURPOSE OF THE SURVEY 4AS TO DEEERMI:JE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN WATER QUALITY AND QUALITY - RELATED CON3U:1ER COSTS. DATA WAS GATHERED BY PERSONAL INTERVIEWS FROM 1,100 SINGLE- FAt1ILY RESIDE'NECES SERVED BY 16DIFFEiRENT WATER PURVEYING AGENCIES AND 93 RESIDENCES EACH SUPPLIED BYITS OWN WELL. HOUSE VALUES IN THE AREAS SURVEYED RANGED FROM BELOW 20,000 TO OVER 50,000 DOLLARS AND WATER QUALITY VARIED FROM HIGH- QUALITY GROUND HATER TO POOR QUALITY COLORADO RIVER WATER. BASED ON THE SUFVEY, THE FOLLOWING PAIRS OF VARIABLES WERE RELATED: 1) WATER HARDNESS AND THE NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS USING A SOFTENER; 2) WATER HARNESS AND THE COSE OF CLEANING PRODUCTS; 3) TOTAL MINERAL CONTENT OF WATER AND THE NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS USING BOTTLED WATER; 4) TOTAL MINERAL CONTENT OF WATER AND RATER HEATER SERVICE LIFE.

CALIFJH:JIa/WA_2R QíJAa.ITY/aATER SUPPLY/DOMESTIC: ii,,'rER/'r:A: DNESS(WA'TER)/ GRCUNDW.ITEZ/COLJRADO RIVE3/COSTS

PUBLICATIONS:

WESNER, G.M., "THE I:IP032ANCE OF WATER QUALITY IN URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT," PAPER PRESENEED AT ERE 15TH WESTERN RESOU O ES CONFERENCE, 1973, UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO, BOULDER, COLORADO.

0132

COLORADO RIVER BASIN SALINITY CONTROL PROJECT, TITLE I, FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT.

U.S. BUREAU OF 3ECLA1 \TION U. S.B.R., LONER COLORADO REGION, BOULDER CITY, NEVADA

AREA(S)OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA NEVADA CALIFORNIA

DATES OF RESEARCN: 8 -73 /CONTINUING

THE PROJECT WAS AUTHORI?ED BY TITLE I G? PUILIC LAW 93 -320, COLORADO RIVER BASIN SALINITY CUNTR)L ACT, CF JUNE 24, 1974. OEJECTIVES ARE: REDUCE THE SALINITY OF COLORADO RIVER MATER DELIVERED T3 MEXICO; MORE EFFICIENTLY UTILIZE WATER RESOURCES; AND .1ANAGE GROUNDWATER WITHDRAWAL. TH'. THREE MAIN FEATURES OF THE PROJECT ARE: 1) THE DESALTING COMPLEX; 2) CONSTRUCTION OF A CONCRETE - LINED REPLACEMENT CANAL FOR THE FIRST 49 MILES OF UNLINED ; AND 3) PROTECTIVE AND REGULATORY GROUNDWATER PUAPING PLAN, INCLUJDING TWO WELL FIELDS WITHIN 5 ;TILES OF THE ARIZONA- SONO`ZA BOUNDARY 'WITH A DESIGNED CAPACITY TO ?UM? 160,000 ACRE -FEET PER YEAR. THE PROJECT WILL RESULT IN THE SAVINGS OF 424,000 ACRE FEET PER YEAR OF COLORADO RIVER WATER. THE PROJECT INCLUDES A DESCRIPTIO'J OF THE ENVIRONMENT OF THE AREA AND ALSO TdE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF EH? ACTION PROPOSED. IN ADLITION, ALTERNATIVES TO THE PROPOSED FEATURES AND THEIR ENVIRON:1ENTAL EFFECTS ARE OUTLINED.

ARIZONA /CALIFORNIA /COLORADO RIVER/ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS /SEEPAGE /CANALS/ SEEPAGE CONTROL/CANAL SEEPAGE /SALINITY /IRRIGATION WATER /DESALINATION PLANTS/ DESALINATION /G:ìOINL)'NAT ER /`DIT HDPA AL

76 PUBLICATIONS:

"FINAL ENVIRON1 NTAL STATEMENT, COLORADO RIVER BASIN SALINITY CONTROL PROJECT, TITLE I," PREPARED BY U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION, DEPARTMENT CF THE INTc:RIQR, IN SUPPORT OF P.L. 93 -320, JUNE 18, 1975.

0133

COLORADO RIVES BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEY: PARKER STRIP AND .

SHI :IMIN,K. /SCHAFER, 4.M., JR. LAB SUPPORT BRANCH, SURVEILLANCE & ANALYSIS DIV., EPA REGION IX, , CALIF. /STATE OF ARIZONA, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER BELOW PARKER DAM COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1973

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, REGION IX

A BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEY 4AS CONDUCTED ALONG THE PARKER STRIP -LAKE HAVASU AREAS OF THE COLORADO RIVER, FROM MAY 25 -29, 1973. FECAL COLIFORM COUNTS EXCEEDED THE RECOMMENDED LEVELS AT TWO AREAS. INDICATED WAS THE POSSIBLE INADEQUACY OF SOME SANITARY FACILITIES LOCATED IN THE STUDY AREA DUE TO UNSATISFACTORY EFFLUENT DISCHARGE LEVELS.

ARIZONA /CALLFORNIA /SALMONELLA /EFFLUENTS /COLIFORMS /WATER SPORTS /RECREATION/ COLORADO RIVER /LAKE HAVASU

PUBLICATIONS:

"COLORADO RIVER BACTERIOLOGICAL SJRVEY: PARKER STRIP AND LAKE HAVASU, MAY 25 -29, 1973," REPORT PREPARED BY SURVEILLANCE AND ANALYSIS DIVISIONA U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, REGION IX, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., EPA -909 \9 -73 -002.

0134

A BASIC RESOURCES INVENTORY OF LAKE MEAD .

DOUGLAS, C.L. /NILES,+r. DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY CF NEVADA, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89154

AREAS) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER ABOVE PARKER DAM LAS VEGAS VALLEY LOWER MEADOW VALLEY WASH VIRGIN RIVER BASIN

DATES OF RESEARCH: 6- 74/12 -77

LEVEL OF FUNDING: 3 109,250

SUPPORTING AGENCIES:

77 THIS STUDY CONCERNS rHE'DISTRIBUTION AND OF TERRESTRIAL VEIITEBRATES AND PLANTS IN THE LAKE HEAD NRA.PHASE I OF THE STUDY CONCENTRATED ON COMPILING A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF PRIOR WORKS IN THE AREA, AND IN EXTRACTING LOCALITY INFORMATION FOR VARIOUS TAXA OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS. EXTENSIVE FIELD STUDIES HAVE BEEN UNDER WAY SINCE THE INCEPTION OF THE STUDY. PHASE II OF THE STUDY WILL INVOLVE COMMUNITY ANALYSES, AND MAPPING OF VEGETATIONAL COMMUNITIES. ENDANGERED SPECIES WILL BE EVALUATED INA SPECIAL REPORT, AS WILL MANS IMPACT ON FAUNAL AND FLORAL COMMUNITIES. THE FINAL REPORT WILL INCLUDE SEPARATE VOLUMES ON PLANTS, AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES, MAMMALS AND BIRDS. EACH ACCOUNT WILL HAVE A SPECIES STATUS ACCOUNT, INCLUDING SPECIMENS EXAMINED, LITERATURE CITATIONS, COLLECTION LOCALITIES ETC. A DISTRIBUTION MAP WILL BE PROVIDED FOR EACH TAXON.

NEVADA /ARIZONA /AMPHIBIANS /SYSTEMATICS /DISTRIBUTION /VEGETATION /LARE MEAD/ PLANT POPULATIONS /ANIMAL POPULATIONS /MAMMALS /BIRDS

PUBLICATIONS:

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF STUDIES IN THE LAKE ;LEAD AREA - IN FINAL PREPARATION.

0135

AIRBORNE SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT MEASUREMENTS USING NATURAL TERRESTRIAL RADIATION "DEEP SNOW MEASUREMENTS USING COSMIC RADIATION."

BURSON, Z. G./FRITZSCHE, A.E. EG & G, INC., LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89101

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER ABOVE PARKER DAM LOWER MEADOW VALLEY WASH VIRGIN RIVER BASIN

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1972 /CONTINUING

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 50,000 /ANNUM

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION ENERGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION

A NAI(TL) SCINTILLATION DETECTOR WAS TAKEN TO LAKE MEAD, NEVADA AND LOWERED TO VARIOUS DEPTHS TO DETERMINE IF THE RESPONSE TO COSMIC RADIATION WAS SUFFICIENTLY REDUCED TO PROVIDE MEANINGFUL MEASUREMENTS OF TYPICAL DEEP SNOW WATER EQUIVALENTS. THE RESULTS SHOWED THAT THE ATTENUATION IS SUFFICIENT TO MAKE THE METHOD PRACTICAL. AS AN EXAMPLE, STATISTICAL COUNTING ERRORS IN A TWO -DETECTOR SET UP (USING 10 CM BY 10 CM NAI(TL) DETECTORS, ONE ABOVE THE SNOW AND ONE BENEATH THE SNOW) WOULD PRODUCE A WATER EQUIVALENT MEASUREMENT ACCURACY OF BETTER THAN 1PERCENT IN MEASURING 100 CM OF WATER WITH A 24 -HOUR MEASUREMENT TIME.

NEVADA /WATER EQUIVALENT /RADIATION /LAKE MEAD /SNOWFALL

PUBLICATIONS:

BISSELL, V.C.,AND Z.G.BURSON, "DEEP SNOW MEASUREMENTS SUGGESTED USING COSMIC RADIATION," WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH 10(DEC.1974) :1243 -1244

78 0136

MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES IN LAKE MEAD, NEVADA.

MELANCON, S.M.S. /KINNEY, W. /DEACON, J. 4525 W. TWAIN, APT. 183, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89103/U.S. EPA, PO. BOX 15027, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89114 /DEPT. OF BIOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89114

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER ABOVE PARKER DAM LAS VEGAS VALLEY LOWER MEADOW VALLEY WASH

THERE HAS BEEN NO INVESTIGATION OF THE MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITY IN LAKE MEAD, NEVADA, SINCE ITS IMPOUNDMENT IN 1935. THERE ABE SEVERAL UNIQUE FEATURES OF THIS LAKE WHICH MAKE SUCH A PROJECT POTENTIALLY QUITE SIGNIFICANT. LAKE MEAD IS THE LARGEST MAN -LADE LAKE IN THE UNITED STATES. BECAUSE OF ITS RECENT ESTABLISHMENT AND UNUSUAL DESERT ENVIRONMENT, A STUDY OF THE LAKE BOTTOM FAUNA COULD PRODUCE SUBSTANTIAL NEW INFORMATION ON BENTHIC COLONIZATION RATES AND COMMUNITY SUCCESSION. SEVERAL DISSIMILAR STUDY SITES THROUGHOUT LAS VEGAS BAY AND LAS VEGAS WASH HAVE BEEN SELECTED ON THE BASIS OF DEPTH AND KNOWN OUTSIDE INFLUENCES. COLLECTED ORGANISMS ARE IDENTIFIED TO SPECIES, WHEREVER POSSIBLE, AND IDENTIFICATIONS BILL BE CONFIRMED WITH ESTABLISHED TAXONOíMISTS IN THE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITIES. SELECTED SAMPLING SITES WILL BE CHARACTERIZED IN TERMS OF PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS. THOSE HAVING SIMILAR DEPTHS WILL BE GROUPED TOGETHER, AND THE MACROBENTHIC TYPES OF EACH GROUP COMPARED. FACTORS SUCH AS DENSITY, SPECIES DIVERSITY AND SPECIES COMPOSITION WILL BE USED IN SITE COMPARISONS, AND COMMUNITY TYPES WILL BE RELATED TO THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL NATURE OF EACH HABITAT. PROJECT RESULTS SHOULD INCLUDE DESCRIPTIONS OF BOTTOM FAUNAL DISTRIBUTIONS AS RELATED TO SUCH ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AS POLLUTION IMPACT, WAVE AND CURRENT ACTION, SUBSTRATE AND TRIBUTARY INPUTS.

NEVADA /BENTHOS /MIDGES/ DIPTERA /OLIGOCHAETES /BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES/ WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS /LAKE MEAD

0137

ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS LAKE MEAD.

REXING, D.J. /MONSCVITZ, J.T. SOUTHERN NEVADA WATER SYSTEM, 243 LAKESHORE ROAD, BOULDER CITY, NEVADA 89005

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER ABOVE PARKER DAM LOWER MEADOW VALLEY WASH VIRGIN RIVER BASIN

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1975/1977

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: SOUTHERN NEVADA WATER SYSTEM

PESTICIDE RESIDUALS 'BILL BE MONITORED IN LAKE MEAD BY GAS CHitOMATOGRAPH (GC). AFTER SEVERAL SAMPLINGS, SOME BASELINE DATA SHOULD EVOLVE. THEN MORE EXTENSIVE SAMPLING SHOULD REVEAL SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL RELATIONSHIPS. THESE SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL RELATIONSHIPS COULD BE USED ASA MONITORING PROGRAM TO PREVENT FURTHER POSSIBLE CONTAMINATION BY PESTICIDE RESIDUALS. IN ADDITION TO PESTICIDE RESIDUALS, A GENERAL SURVEY OF ORGANICS IN LAKE MEAD WILL BE ATTEMPED. SAMPLES WILL BE COLLECTED BY CARBON CHLOROFORM EXTRACTS (CCE)OF A CARBON COLUMN. THE CCE'S WILL THEN BE ANALYZED BY G.C. MAINLY TO EFFECT SEPARATION OF COMPOUNDS. THESE COMPOUNDS COULD THEN RE SUBMITTED TO AN OUTSIDE LABORATORY FOR POSITIVE IDENTIFICATION BY GC -:NS ANALYSIS. SINCE WE ARE ALSO INTERESTED IN TOXIC CHLORINATION BY- PRODUCTS, THESE ORGANICS WILL BE INVESTIGATED AS POSSIBLE PRECURSORS IN THE FORMATION OF TRIHALOMETHANES.

WATER POLLUTION /LAKE MEAD/WATER QUALITY /PESTICIDES /ORGANIC MATTER /NEVADA

79 PUBLICATIONS:

STAFF REPORTS FOR LAS VEGAS VALLEY WATER DISTRICT

0133

SULFUR CYCLE LAKE MEAD.

REXING, D.J. /MONSCVITZ, J.T. SOUTHERN NEVADA WATER SYSTEM, 243 LAKESHORE DRIVE, BOULDER CITY, NEVADA 89005

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER ABOVE PARKER DAM LOWER MEADOW VALLEY WASH VIRGIN RIVER BASIN

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1972 /CONTINUING

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: SOUTHERN NEVADA WATER SYSTEM

OUR INTEREST IN THE SULFUR CYCLE LIES MAINLY IN THE TASTE AND ODOR PROBLEM THAT OCCURS AT LAKE DESTRATIFICATION. DURING THE RECENT TURNOVER (NOVEMBER, 1975), SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED CONTINUOUSLY ON CARBON COLUMNS IN AN ATTEMPT TO PROCURE ENOUGH OF THE TASTE AND ODOR COMPOUND(S)FOR GAS CHROMATOGRAPH (GC) THE CARBON CHLOROFORM EXTRACTS(CCE) 'WILL BE RUN USING DUAL COLUMN GC ANALYSIS WITH AN F.I.D. DETECTOR. THE COLUMN WITHOUT DETECTOR WILL BE SNIFFED AT THE EXIT PORT TO DISCERN THE TYPICAL LAKE TURNOVER SMELL. HOPEFULLY, ENOUGH OF THIS (THESE) COMPOUND(S) WILL BE COLLECTED AFTER G.C. SEPARATION TO ALLOW FURTHER COMPOUNT IDENTIFICATION BY G.C. /MS ANALYSIS. WE HAVE PROCURED A SAMPLE OF GEOSMIN FROM THE EPA AND THIS WILL PERMIT US TO SAY WHETHER OR NOT OUR TASTE AND ODOR COMPOUNDS) IS(ARE) GEOSMIN.

WATER QUALITY /SULFUR /LAKE MEAD /DESTRATIFICATION /NEVADA

PUBLICATIONS:

"IMPLICATION OF SULFUR BACTERIA IN LAKE MEAD," STAFF REPORT, SOUTHERN NEVADA %ATER SYSTEM, 1975. STAFF REPORT LAS VEGAS VALLEY WATER DISTRICT.

0139

A REGIONAL APPROACH TO MULTI- OBJECTIVE PLANNING FOR WATER RELATED RESOURCES.

WF.STPHAL, J.A. ET AL DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA SYSTEM, RENO, NEVADA

AREA(S)OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER ABOVE PARKER DAM VIRGIN RIVER BASIN

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7-1-74/6-30-76

LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 299,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: ()WRT UTAH, STATE OF NEVADA, STATE OF

80 THIS RESEARCH PROJECT WAS DESIGNED TO FORMULATE AND APPLY A MULTI -OBJECTIVE APPROACH TO THE PLANING OF WATER AND RELATED RESOURCES USING SIMULATION AND MATHEMATICAL PROGRAMAING TECHNIQUES. THIS WOULD PROVIDE A MEANS OF EVALUATING COMMENSURATE FACTORS FOR DECISION MAKING. TIE TEST AREA FOR THE PROJECT WAS THE VIRGIN RIVER BASIN IN UTAH, ARIZONA, AND NEVADA. RESEARCH WAS CONDUCTEDIN TWO CONCURRENT AND OVERLAPPING PHASES. RESEARCH DURING PHASE A WAS CONCERNED WITH SIMULATION AND SUBSEQUENT DEVELOPMENT OF OBJECTIVEFUNCTIONS. SIMULATION WAS ACHIEVED THROUGH ADAPTATION OF EXISTING DIGITAL MODELS TO HYDROLOGIC AND WATER- QUALITY SYSTEMS AND TO SOCIAL AND LEGAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE TEST AREA. MATHEMATICAL PROGRAMIING TECHNIQUES WERE USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH SIMULATION MODELS TO DEVELOP OBJECTIVE FUNCTIONS FOR INPUT TOA SURROGATE WORTH TRADE-OFF ANALYSIS. RESEARCH DURING PHASE B ENTAILEC APPLICATION OF THE SURROGATE WORTH TRADE -OFF METHOD AND ANALYSIS OF RESULTS INCLUDING LIMITED SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS.

REGIONAL ANALYSIS /RESOURCE ALLOCATION /MATHEMATICAL MODELS /ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY/ SOCIAL ASPECTS /INSTITUTIONAL CONSTRAINTS /POLITICAL ASPECTS /UTAH /ARIZONA /NEVADA/ MULTIPLE- PURPOSE PROJECTS

0140

RECONNAISSANCE EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL BENEFICIAL USE OF PLAYAS.

BATEMAN, R.L. DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, 4582 S. MARYLAND PARKWAY, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89109

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: NEVADA

DATES OFRESEARCH: 7- 1- 75/6 -30 -76

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 4100

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

LARGE NUMBERS OF PLAYAS ARE LOCATED WITHIN THE STATE OF NEVADA. FOP THE MOST PART, THESE AREAS ARC CURRENTLY UNUSED. WORLDWIDE, PLAYAS HAVE BEEN USED AS SOURCES FOR A WIDE VARIETY OF MINERALS. RECENTLY SUCH AREAS HAVE BEEN SUGGESTEDAS SITES FOR DISPOSAL OF WASTE MATERIALS. BECAUSE PLAYAS ARE RECHARGE SITES OR TERMINAL SINKS OF SURFACE AND GROUND -WATER SYSTEMS WITHIN THE GREATS BASIN, THE USE FOR WASTE MATERIALS MUST BE CARE1ULLY EVALUATED. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY IS TO ASSESS THEPOSSIBLE BENEFICIAL USES OF PLAYAS IN NEVADA AND THEIR EFFECTS ON HYDROLOGICCONDITIONS ATTHE SITE. USES TOBE INVESTIGATED ARE 1)DISPOSAL OF MUNICIPAL SEWAGE, INDUSTRIALWASTESAND OTHER POSSIBLE LIQUID AND SOLID WASTES, AND 2)EXTRACTION OF USEFUL MINERALS FROM THEWATERS,SURFACEOR SUBSURFACE HORIZONS.

NEVADA /SURVEYS /MUNICIPAL WASTES /PLAYAS /GROUNDWATER /WASTE DISPOSAL/ MINERAL WATER

0141

LAKE MOHAVE - PROJECT NO. F- 20 -12, STATEWIDE FISHERIES PROGRAM, JOB NO. 301.

BECKSTRAND, K. NEVADA DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME, 4747 W. VEGAS DRIVE, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89156

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER VALLEY

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1 -1- 75/12 -31 -75

81 LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 11,130

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: NEVADA, STATE OF

THE GOAL OF THE PROJECT IS TO DEVELOP MANAGEMENT INFORMATION FOR APPLICATION TO THE SPORT FISHERY OF . IN ADDITION TO THIS IS THE ADVANCEMENT OF THE TROUT FISHERY AND THE DETERMINATION Of THE EFFECT OF INCREASED UTILIZATION UPON THE LARGEMOUTH BASS POPULATION. PROCEDURES UTILIZED INCLUDED A CREEL CENSUS AND A FISH MARKING SURVEY. ALSO, AN UNDERWATER BASS TRANSECT WAS INVENTORIED DURING SPAWNING, AND CRITICAL FRY AND FINGERLING SURVIVAL TIMES TO DETERMINE ANNUAL RECRUITMENT. RESULTS INDICATE THAT THE RAINBOW TROUT AND LARGEMOUTH BASS HARVESTS WERE DOAN. HOWEVER, THE BASS TRANSECT SURVEY INDICATED GOOD SURVIVAL OF FINGERLING BASS.

LAKE MOHAVE /NEVADA /BASS /RAINBOW TROUT /SPORT FISHING /CREEL CENSUS

PUPLICATIONS:

NEVADA DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME, "JOB PROGRESS REPORT, LAKE MOHAVE," JAN 1, 1975 TO DEC. 31,1975.

0142

ECOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE FISHES OF THE VIRGIN RIVER (UTAH, NEVADA, ARIZONA).

CROSS, J. COLLEGE OF FISHERIES, UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON, SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 98105

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: VIRGIN RIVER BASIN

DATES OF RESEARCH: 6- 73/6 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 22,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. BUREAU OF SPORT FISHERIES AND WILDLIFE

A SURVEY OF THE FISH FAUNA OF THE VIRGIN RIVER SYSTEM WAS CONDUCTED IN ORDER TO WDETERMINE THE COMPOSITION AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE FISH FAUNA; 2) ASCERTAIN THE STATUS OF THE NATIVE FISH POPULATIONS; AND 3) PROVIDE A BASIS OF INFORMATION TO PREDICT THE IMPACT ON THE NATIVE FAUNA OF PROPOSED PHYSICAL ALTERATIONS TO THE RIVER SYSTEM. NINETEEN SPECIES WERE COLLECTED, SIX OF WHICH ARE NATIVE TO THE VIRGIN RIVER. RESULTS INDICATE THAT THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE NATIVE FISHES IS GENERALLY DETERMINED BY VARIABILITY IN DISCHARGE AND SEDIMENT LOADS, AND IS LIMITED DY WATER QUALITY, IRRIGATION WITHDRAWALS AND EEXOTIC SPECIES. A COMPARISON OF CURRENT DATA AND HISTORICAL INFORMATION PROVIDED THE BASIS FROM WHICH CHANGES IN DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE WERE INFERRED. ONE SPECIES, GILA ROBUSTA SEMINUDA, APPEARS THREATENED WITH EXTINCTION. ALSO DESCRIBED IS THE EFFECT OF THE EFFLUENT FROM HOT, SALINE SPRINGS(LA VERKIN SPRINGS) ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE NATIVE FISHES.

UTAH/ ARIZONA /NEVADA /VIRGIN RIVER /ECOLOGY /WATER QUALITY /FISH POPULATIONS

PUBLICATIONS:

"ECOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE FISHES OF THE VIRGIN RIVER (UTAH, ARIZONA, NEVADA) " "STATUS OF THE VIRGIN RIVER ROUNDTAIL CHUB (GILA ROBUSTA SZMINUDA; CYPRINIDAE)"

82 01.43

ECONOMICS AND FINANCE OF NEVADA PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS.

DALL, B.V./CHEN, H.H. WATER RESOURCES CENTF,R, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, RENO, NEVADA d9109

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: NEVADA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 73/9 -1 -74

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 50,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OW:2T DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUT$, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA

THE MAJOR TASK OF THE STUDY WAS TO ASSESS THE CONDITION OF WATER SERVICES SYSTEMS IN THE STUDY AREA. A CENSUS OF COMMUNITY WATER SYSTEMS WAS UNDERTAKEN BY !LEANS OF A MAIL SURVEY AND FIELD INTERVIEWS. EACH SMALL COMMUNITY HAD ITS OWN CONFIGURATION OF PROBLEMS IN MANAGING 'WATER SERVICES DUE TO SPECIAL CONDITIONS OF RESOURCE AVAILABILITY, THE AGE AND SERVICEABILITY OF PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, AND WATER SERVICE DEMANDS. AN INVENTORY OF SYSTEMS TGGETHEE WITH DESCRIPTIVE DATA APPEARS AT THE END OF THE REPORT.

NEVADA /RURAL AREAS /WATER SUPPLY /PUBLIC UTILITIES /ECONOMICS /COST ANALYSIS

PUBLICATIONS: DALL, B.V., AND H.H. CHEN, "ECONOMICS AND FINANCE OF NEVADA PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS," WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA SYSTEM, RENO, PROJECT REPORT NO.34, MAY 1975.

0144 SEASONAL AND SPATIAL VARIATION IN PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY IN BOULDER BASIN, LAKE MEAD, CLARK COUNTY, NEVADA.

DEACO¡Y, J. /AJKI, I. BIOLOGY DEPT., UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA $9109

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY LOWER MEADOW VALLEY WASH

DACES OF RESEARCH: 3- 74/5 -75

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: LAS VEGAS VALLEY WATER DISTRICT

THIS STUDY DETERMINED THE EFFECTS OF THE FINAL EFFLUENT STREAM ENTERING LAS VEGAS BAY VIA LAS VEGAS WASH. PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY WAS DETERMINED UTILIZING CARBON -14, AN INORGANIC RADIOACTIVE TRACER WHICH BECOMES CONVERTED TO ORGANIC CONSTITUENTS VIA PROCESS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS. THE RADIOACTIVE COUNTING WAS DONE USING THE PACKARD TRI -CARB LIQUID SCINTILLATION SYSTEM. PRODUCTIVITY AT PEAK SHOWS THAT LAS VEGAS BAY AT INFLOW APPROXIMATES THAT OF AN ARTIFICAL EUTROPHIC RESERVOIR.

PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY/EFFLUENTS/LAKE MEAD /NEVADA /SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION

PUBLICATIOtiS:

AOKI, I. "SEASONAL AND SPATIAL VARIATION IN PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY IN BOULDER BASIN, LA E :LEAD, CLARK COUNTY, NEVADA," M$ THESIS, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, LAS VEGAS, 1973.

83 0145

COLORADO RIVER NATURAL RESOURCE AND LAND USE DATA ACQUISITION.

HANSEN, R.L. /LAZENBY, J.F. /JOHANSON, D.F. USER, P.U. BOX 25007, DENVER FEDERAL CENTER, DENVER COLORADO 80225/ UPPER COLORADO REGION, , UTAH/LOWER COLORADO REGION, BOULDER CITY, NEVADA

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER VALLEY

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1975/1977

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 49,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION EARTH RESOURCES OBSERVATION SATELLITE

THIS STUDY IS DESIGNED TO ESTABLISH IN- HOUSE CAPABILITY FOR COMPUTER- ASSISTED RESOURCES ANALYSIS USING LANDSAT CCT'S AND OTHER DIGITAL REMOTE SENSING IMAGERY. THE RESOURCE ANALYSIS IS APPLIED TO WATER RESOURCE PROJECTS SERVED BY THE COLORADO RIVES. CROP INVENTORIES ABE MADE AS A DEMONSTRATION EXERCISE IN ORDER TO ASSIST IN MANAGEMENT OF IRRIGATION SYSTEMS. ANNUAL CHANGES IN THE AMOUNT OF LAND UNDER IRRIGATION AND OTHER LAND USE CHANGES WILL BE INTEGRATED WITH A TOTAL NATURAL RESOURCE BASE STUDY OF THE COLORADO RIVER. AT PRESENT A CONTRACT IS UNDERWAY 4ITH THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT BERKELEY TO TRANSFER THEIR LANDSAT DIGITAL ANALYSIS CAPABILITY TO THE BUREAU. FIELD TRAINING SITES HAVE BEEN ESTABLISHED ALONG WITH A GROUND IRUTH SYSTEM FOR TWO PROJECTS ON THE COLORADO RIVER. THESE SITES ARE THE PALO VERDE IRRIGATION DISTRICT AND THE COLORADO RIVER NEAR BLYTH, CALIFORNIA AND THE GRAND VALLEY PROJECT AT GRAND JUNCTION, COLORADO.

COLORADO /UTAH /ARIZONA /CALIFORNIA /REMOTE SENSING /NATURAL RESOURCES/ WATER RESOURCES/ AGRICULTURE /IRRIGATION /COLORADO RIVER /LAND USE

0146

STORAGE DEPLETION, LAS VEGAS VALLEY.

HARRILL, J.R. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, WRD, ROOM 227, FEDERAL BUILDING, 705 NORTH PLAZA 705 NORTH PLAZA STREET, CARSON CITY, NEVADA 89701

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1970/1976

SUP ?ORTING AGENCIES: NEVADA DEPT. OF CONSERVATION AND NATURAL RESOURCES

THIS STUDY HAS SEVERAL OBJECTIVES: 1) TO DETERMINE THE MAGNITUDE OF STORAGE DEPLETION SINCE THE LAST MAJOR STUDY 3Y MALMBURG IN 1955(WSP 1780); 2)STUDY THE EFFECTS ON STORAGE OF DECREASED PUMPAGE AS IMPORTATION INCREASES; 3) EVALUATE WHETHER RECHARGE FROM IMPORTED WATER IS SIGNIFICANTLY AUGMENTING THE PERENNIAL YIELD OF THE VALLEY; 4)REFINE ESTI_iATES OF SPECIFIC YIELD OF THE ALLUVIAL DEPOSITS, INSOFAR AS DATA PERMIT; ARE 5)MONITOR WATER LEVELS AND PUMPAGE AFTER COMPLETION OF MAJOR STUDY FOR ONE YEAR OR MORE. THE ANALYSIS IS SUPPORTED BY A DIGITAL MODEL OF THE GROUND WATER RESERVOIR.

STORAGE/ NEVADA / RECHARGE / GROUNDWATER /WITHDRAWAL /PUMPING

84 PUELICATIO:4S:

HARRILL, J.R., "IN REVIEW, PUMPING AND STORAGE DEPLETION IN LAS VEGAS VALLEY, NEVADA, 1355 -74," TO BE PUBLISHED AS A NEVADA DEPT. CONSERVATION AND NATURAL RESOURCES BULLETIN. HARRILL, J.R., "WATER -LEVEL CHANGES ASSOCIATES WITH GROUND -WATER DEVELOPMENT IN LAS VEGAS VALLEY, NEVADA, 1971 -75, FOURTH PROGRESS REPORT, SUMMARY OF DATA." U.S. GEOL. SURVEY OPEN -FILE REPORT, 1975, 46 P.

0147

ECONOMIC IMPACTS ACCOMPANYING COMMUNITY CHANGES - PROPOSED RESEARCH ANC EXTENSION INPUTS.

MACKEY, R.B. DIVISION OF AGRICULTURAL AND RESOURCE ECONOiIICS, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, RENO, NEVADA 89570

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER VALLEY

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, RENO

THE TWO MAJOR OBJECTIVES OF THIS STUDY WERE TO 1)REVIEW BLM ENIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT ON THE AREA WITH REGARDS TO ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT, AND 2)ESTABLISH A CONCEPTUAL BASE FROM WHICH A SIMULATION MODEL FOR COMMUNITIES COULD BE DEVELOPED. PLANNING TECHNIQUES DEVELOPED BY HUGH DENNY WERE APPLIED TO THE FORT MOHAVE AREA OF SOUTHERN NEVADA IN ORDER TO EVALUATE THE ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF A LARGE (100,000 POP.) COMMUNITY. TTME ECONOMIC SASE AND COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES /DISADVANTAGES WERE ESTIMATED. RESULTS INDICATE THAT THE FORT MOHAVE AREA DOES NOT HAVE POTENTIAL FOR DEVELOPMENT. THE BLM IMPACT STATEMENT INDICATES MANY BARRIERS TO DEVELOPMENT. HOWEVER, SIMULATION OR OTHER MODEL BUILDING TECHNIQUES COULD BE DEVELOPED FROM THE MOHAVE "MODEL."

NEVADA /ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY /COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT /EVALUATION /MODEL STUDIES/ SIMULATION ANALYSIS /COMPREHENSIVE PLANNING

PUELICATIONS:

MACKEY, R.B., "ECONOMIC IMPACTS ACCOMPANYING COMMUNITY CHANGES - PROPOSED RESEARCH AND EXTENSION INPUTS," COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE, MAX C. ?LEISCHMANN COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, RENO, M.S. 61.

0148

NEVADA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME, PROGRESS REPORT - LAKE MOHAVE (F-20 -9).

PADILLA, C.O. 4747 VEGAS DRIVE, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89158

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER VALLEY

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1 -1- 73/12 -31 -73

85 THE CONTINUING OBJEC2IVE OF THE PROJECT IS THE INCREASED INFORMATION AND BETTER MANAGEMENT OF BOTH THE WARM WATER AND COLD WATER FISHERIES IN THE LAKE. A CREEL CENSUS WAS CONDUCTED AT DESIGNATED BOAT LANDINGS TO ALLOW THE CENSUS OF MAXIMUM NUM3ERS OF ANGLERS ANC THEIR CATCH. A PROGRAM OF MARKING FISH WAS CARRIED ON. SALMONID STOMACHS MERE COLLECTED AND THE CONTENTS EXAMINED, ROUTINE CHECKS WERE MADE ON BASS SPAWNING SUCCESS, AND WORK WAS DONE ON THE PREPARATION OF INFORMATION FOR A REPORT ON PARASITIC LEECHES. A TOTAL OF 5,464 ANGLERS WERE CONTACTED DURING THE CREEL CENSUS. THE RATE OF CATCH FOR LARGEMOUTH BASS INCREASED MARKEDLY FROM 1972 FIGURES. GAME FISH WERE EXAMINED FOR LEECHES DURING THIS PERIOD. THE CHANNEL CATFISH WERE FOUND TO BE PARASITIZED MORE FREQUENTLY THAN OTHER GAME FISHES.

FISH MANAGEMENT /CREEL CENSUS /BASS /SALi1ONIDS /NEVADA /FISHERIES /LAKE MOHAVE/ FISH PARASITES

PUBLICATIONS:

NEVADA DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME, "JOB PROGRESS REPORT, RESEARCH PROJECT SEGMENT STATEWIDE FISHERIES PROGRAM, LAKE MOHAVE, CLARK COUNTY, NEVADA," 3- 19-74. JOHNSON, LAWRENCE, "PARASITISM OF GAME FISH BY ILLINOBDELLA IN LAKE MOHAVE," NEVADA DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME, MARCH 19, 1974.

0149

IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT IN RELATION TO JRBAN HORTICULTURE IN THE ARID SOUTHWEST.

MILLS, C.L. /ROBISON, G.D. SOUTHERN NEVADA FIELD LAB., P.O. BOX 126, LOGANDALE, NEVADA 89021

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LOWER MEADOW VALLEY WASH

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 75/6 -80

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 3600

THIS PROJECT IS DESIGNED TO INVESTIGATE THE RELATIVE USE OF WATER UNDER VARIOUS APPLICATION METHODS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF SELECTED VEGETABLE CULTIVARS. FURROW, SPRINKLER AND DRIP IRRIGATION WILL BE EVALUATED FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COOL AND WARM SEASON VEGETABLES WITH REGARD TO YIELD AND QUALITY OF PRODUCE, AMOUNT OF WATER APPLIED, DEPTH TO WATER TABLE, ANC CONTROL (OR ACCUMULATION) OF SALINITY.

SPRINKLER IRRIGATION /FURROW IRRIGATION /SALINITY /VEGETABLE CROPS /NEVADA/ ARID LANDS/WATER MANAGEMENT(APPLIED)

0150

NEVADA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME, JOB PROGRESS REPORT - LAKE MOHAVE F- 20-11.

PADILLA, C.O. /ROSASCO, J.H. 4747 VEGAS DRIVE, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 8915d

ARFA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER VALLEY

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1- 1- 74/12 -31 -74

86 THE OBJECTIVES AND PROCEDURES FOR THE LAKE MOHAVE PROJECT WERE SIMILAR TO THOSE IN OTHER YEARS. THE CREEL CENSUS WAS CONDUCTED AND SEVERAL BLACK BASS FISHING CONTESTS WERE MONITORED. CONSERVATION AIDE ASSISTANCE WAS UTILIZED IN PREPARING A REPORT ON THE ANALYSIS OF LARGEMOUTH BLACK BASS STOMACHS. THE LOWER COLORADO RIVES RECOVERY TEAM MADE AN ATTEMPT TO TAKE THE BONYTAIL COLORADO GILA AND TH3 FONT USE AS POSSIBLE BROOD STOCK. AQUATIC INSECTS hERE FOUND TO PROVIDE THE MAJOR FOOD SOURCE FOR CLASS I AND II BASS.

LAKE MOHAVE /NEVADA /BASS /FISH /FISH POPULATIONS /CREEL CENSUS

PUELICATIONS:

NEVADA DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME, "JOB PROGRESS REPORT, RESEARCH PROJECT SEGMENT STATEWIDE FISHERIES PROGRAM, LAKE MOHAVE, CLARK COUNTY, NEVADA," FEBRUARY 4, 1975. JOHNSON, L.., "INVESTIGATIONS OF FOOD HABITS OF LARGEMOUTH BLACK BASS IN LAKE MOHAVE," FEBRUARY 4, 1975.

0151

NEVADA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME, JOB PROGRESS REPORT - LAKE MEAD (F- 20 -11).

PADILLA, C.O. 4747 VEGAS DRIVE, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89158

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LOWER MEADOW VALLEY WASH VIRGIN RIVER. BASIN

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1 -1- 74/12 -31 -74

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

THERE ARE SEVERAL OBJECTIVES TO THIS PROGRAM. THEY INCLUDE 1)EVALUATION OF THE TREND OF FISHING SUCCESS FOR THE IMPORTANT GAME FISH SPECIES; 2) DETERMINE CHANGES IN LARGEMOUTH BASS PRODUCTION; AND 3)EVALUATE THE GROWTH PATES, SURVIVAL AND RETURN, FOOD HABITS, AND MOVEMENTS CF EXOTIC INTRODUCTIONS. VARIOUS GROUPS OF LAKE MEAD HATCHERY-PRODUCED SALMONIDS WERE NARKED BY FIN CLIPPING AND STOCKED INTO LAKE MEAD SEASONALLY. A CREEL CENSUS WAS CARRIED OUT AT THE LAKE ON A SCHEDULED BASIS. BASS SPAWNING AND SURVIVAL TRANSECTS WERE SURVEYED WITH SCUBA GEAR TO DETERMINE SPECIFIC FACTORS THAT ARE RELATED TO SUCCESS OR FAILURE OF THE LARGEMOUTH BASS YEAR CLASS. THE COOPERATIVE LAKE MEAD BASS STUDY CONTINUED THROUGH 1974 AND RECORDED ONLY FAIR SPAWNING CONDITIONS FOR LARGEMOUTH BASS AND A POOR HATCH.

SPORT FISHING /SALMONIDS /BASS /NEVADA /LAKE MEAD /CREEL CENSUS /SPAWNING

PUELICATIONS:

NEVADA DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME, "JOB PROGRESS REPORT, RESEARCH PROJECT SEGMENT STATEWIDE FISHERIES PROGRAM, LAKE MEAD, CLARK CCUNTY, NEVADA," FEBRUARY 19, 1975. ALLAN, R.C. AND ROME30, "UNDERWATER OBSERVATICNS OF LARGEMOUTH BASS SPAWNING AND SURVIVAL IN LAKE MEAD," "BLACK BASS BIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT," SPOPT FISHING INSTITUTE, 1975.

87 0152

NEVADA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME, JOB PROGRESS REPORT - LAKE MEAD (F- 20 -12).

PADILLA, C.U. 4747 VEGAS VALLEY DRIVE, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89158

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LOSER MEADOW VALLEY WASH VIRGIN RIVER BASIN

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1- 1- 75/12 -31-75

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION NATIONAL PARK SERVICE ARIZONA DEPT. OF GAME AND FISH

THE STUDY OBJECTIVES WERE TO EVALUATE THE TREND OF FISHING SUCCESS FOR THE IMPORTANT GAME FISH SPECIES AND TO MONITOR AND MANAGE THE SPORT FISHERY IN THE LAKE. THE STOCKING OF .MARKED SALMONIDS CONTINUED. A CREEL CENSUS WAS MADE BY. CONTACTING ANGLERS AT BOAT LANDINGS AND OTHER PLACES ON LAKE MEAD. VARIOUS GROUPS OF LARGEMOUTH BASS WERE MARKED AND RELEASED. UNDERWATER OBSERVATIONS WERE MADE SEASONALLY TO DETERMINE ANNUAL, NATURAL RECRUITMENT TO THE RESIDENT BASS POPULATION. THE COOPERATIVE LAKE MEAD BASS STUDY CONTINUED AND RECORDED FAIR SPAWNING CONDITIONS FOR LARGEMOUTH BASS AND FAIR OVERALL SURVIVAL OF THE YOUNG FISH. A NEW FACET TO THE BASS STUDY WAS BEGUN WITH A BASS TAGGING EFFORT ON NATIVE FISH, WILD FISH FROM OTHER SOURCES AND ON HATCHERY-REARED BASS.

NEVADA /LAKE MEAD /BASS /CREEL CENSUS /SALMONIDS /FISHERIES /SPORT FISHING

PUBLICATIONS: NEVADA DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME, "JOB PROGRESS REPORT, RESEARCH PROJECT SEGMENT STATEWIDE FISHERIES PROGRAM, LAKE MEAD, CLARK COUNTY, NEVADA," FEBRUARY 13,1976.

0153

MINERAL CONTENT OF SELECTED GEOTHERMAL SATERS.

SANDERS, J.W. /MILES, M.J. WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, 4582 MARYLAND PARKWAY, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89109

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: NEVADA CALIFORNIA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1973/1974

LEVEL OF FUNDING: 1 35,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: BUREAU OF MINES, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR

THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY IS TO DETERMINE CONCENTRATIONS OF MINERALS IN GEOTHERMAL BRINES IN ORDER THAT MINERAL RECOVERY SYSTEMS CAN BE FORMULATED AND EVALUATED. SIXTY -SIX SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED FROM GEOTHERMAL AREAS AND FACH SAMPLE WAS ANALYZED FOR 34 TO 39 INDIVIDUAL CONSTITUENTS. NEARLY 860 ANALYSES FROM ABOUT 420 GEOTHERMAL SOURCES IN THE WESTERN UNITED STATES WERE INCORPORATED INTO A COMPUTERIZED STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM. THESE DATA CAN BE SELECTIVELY RETRIEVED ACCORDING TO ANY SPECIFIED COMBINATION OF PARAMETERS IN ORDER TO EXPEDITE CALCULATIONS OR OTHER DATA HANDLING RE O IRED FOR DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF MINERAL RECOVERY PROCEDURES.

88 N EVADA / CALIFO RRNIA /UTAíi /.3REGON /WASÜINGTON/ GEOTHERMAL STUDIES /MINERALOGY/ BRINES

PUBLICATIONS:

SANDERS, J.W., AND M.J. MILES, "MINERAL CONTENT OF SELECTED GEOTHERMAL WATERS," WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA SYSTEM, LAS VEBAS, NEVADA, PROJECT REPORT NO. 26, MAY 1974,

0154

NUTRIENT REMOVAL.

SKAGGS, R.L. ENGINEERING DEPT., UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, 4505 MARYLAND PARKWAY, LAS VEGAS NEVADA 89154

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY LOWER MEADOW VALLEY WASH

SUPPORTING AGENNCIES: UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, LAS VEGAS, ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

THE PRINICPAL INVESTIGATOR PROPOSES TO STUDY THE PROBLEM OF NUTRIENT REMOVAL FROM TREATED MUNICIPAL EFFLUENT. THE PROCEDURE WILL INCLUDE A SERIES OF EXPLORATORY T3IALS TO DETERMINE THE FEASIBILITY CF FOUR CONCEPTS: 1)BIO- FLOCCULATION OF ALGAE; 2) SEPARATION OF ALGAE BY ULTRAFILTRATION; 3)UPGRADING OF TRICKLE FILTER PERFORMANCE BY ACTIVATED CARBON;4) PHYSICAL -CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF SLUDGE FILTRATE.

NEVADA / ALGAE / NUTRIENTS /EFFLUENTS /MUNICIPAL WASTES

0155

STATEWIDE ANGLER USE SURVEY - F -20 -8 (JOB 5A).

SUMMER, R.C. NEVADA DEPT. 3F FISH AND GAME, P.O. BOX 10678, RENO, NEVADA 89510

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: NEVADA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1- 72/6 -30 -73

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE

THE OBJECTIVES OF THE SU2VFY WERE TO DETERMINE ANGLER USE OF NEVADA WATERS DURING 1972 AND TO COMPARE TRENDS IN SI:IILAR DATA GATHERED ANNUALLY SINCE 1968. THE SURVEY SH07S THAT RECORD NUMBERS OF PERSONS FISHED MORE TIMES IN NEVADA DURING 1972 THAN IV PREVIOUS YEARS. RESIDENT ANGLERS PERFORMED OVER FOUR- FIFTHS OF THE TOTAL ANGLING EFFORT AND LAKES AND RESERVOIRS SUSTAINED ALMOST FOUR -FIFTHS OF ALL ANGLING ENDEAVORS. THE NUMBER OF USE DAYS EXPENDED BY AN ANGLER ON ANY GIVEN WATER IS FOUND TO BE HIGHLY VARIABLE AND APPEARS TO BE MOSTLY RELATED TO LOCATION AND ACCESSIBILITY AND SECONDARILY TO FISHING SUCCESS.

NEVADA /FISHING /FISH MANAGEMENT /SPORT FISHING

PUBLICATIONS:

NEVADA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAIE, "J03 PROGRESS REPORT," STATEWIDE FISHE3IEiS PROGRAM, PROJECT :JO.F -20 -3, JOB NO. 5A,1973.

89 0156

STATEWIDE ANGLER USE SURVEY - F-20 -9 (JOB SA).

SUMNER, R.C. NEVADA DEPT. OF FISH AHD GAME, P.O. BOX 10678, RENO, NEVADA 89510

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: NEVADA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 73/6 -30 -74

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE

THE OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY WERE TO DETERMINE ANGLER USE OF NEVADA WATERS DURING 1973 AND TO COMPARE TRENDS IN SIMILAR DATA GATHERED ANNUALLY SINCE 1968. FROM THIS, TO IDENTIFY PROBLEM AREAS, OVERALL TRENDS AND PREPARE PROJECTIONS FOR PLANNING FOR FUTURE NEEDS. THE SURVEY SHOWED THAT ANGLING USE OF NEVADA'S FISHING WATERS CONTINUES TO CLIMB. DURING THE CALENDAR YEAR 1973, A TOTAL OF 1,320,694 DAYS WERE EXPENDED BY RESIDENT AND NONRESIDENT ANGLERS ON APPROXIMATELY 450 DIFFERENT LAKES, STREAMS AND RESERVOIRS THROUGHOUT NEVADA. IN GENERAL, ANGLER USE TRENDS FOLLOWED PATTERNS SIMILAR WITH PREVIOUS YEARS; HOWEVER, SOME INTERESTING CHANGES iJERE FOUND.

NEVADA /FISHING /FISH MANAGEMENT /SPORT FISHING

PUBLICATIONS:

NEVADA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME, "STATEWIDE ANGLER USE SURVEY," JOB PROGRESS REPORT, JOB NO. 5A, PROJECT NO. F -20 -9, 1974.

0157

STATEWIDE ANGLER USE SURVEY - F -20 -11 (JOB 5A)

SUMNER, R.C. NEVADA DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME, P.O. BOX 10678, RENO, NEVADA 89510

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: NEVADA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 74/6 -30 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 10,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE

THE OBJECTIVES OF THE SURVEY WERE 1)TO DETERMINE ANGLER USE ON THE FISHABLE WATERS OF NEVADA AND 2)TO DETERMINE THE CHANGES IN ANGLER USE AND TO USE THIS INFORMATION TJ MODIFY FISH STOCKING PROGRAMS TO CONFORM WITH ANGLER USE PATTERNS. THE INFORMATION MIGHT BE USED FOR CHANGE IN FISHERIES MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS. THE SURVEY SHOWED THAT NEVADA ANGLERS CONTINUED TO INCREASE BOTH IN NUMBERS AND IN FISHING EFFORTS DURING CALENDAR YEAR 1974. EXPANDED DATA DERIVED FROM QUESTIONNAIRES REVEALED USE OF NEVADA WATERS FOR FISHING EXCEEDED TWO MILLION DAYS DURING THAT YEAR. DATA OBTAINED FOR THE SEVEN SUCCESSIVE YEARS OF THIS STUDY REVEAL INTERESTING TRENDS AND ALSO SOME PROBLEM AREAS.

NEVADA /FISHING /FISH .MANAGEMENT /SPORT FISHING

PUBLICATIONS:

NEVADA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GARE, "STATEWIDE ANGLER USE SURVEY," JOB PROGRESS REPORT, JOB NO. 5A, PROJECT NO. F- 20 -11, 1975.

90 0153

CLARK COUNTY(NEVADA) FLOOD INSURANCE STUDY.

THOLA, G. USCA-SCS, P.O. BOX 4350, dENO, NEVADA 89505

AREA (S)OP RESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY LOWER MEADOW VALLEY WASH COLORADO RIVER VALLEY VIRGIN RIVER BASIN

DATES OF RESEARCH: 6- 76/11 -77

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 160,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: CLARK COUNTY, NEVADA, PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT_. FEDERAL INSURANCE ADMINISTRATION

THE FLOOD INSURANCE STUDY, BEING CARRIED OUT FOR THE DEPT. OF HUD, FEDERAL INSURANCE ADMINISTRATION (FIA), COVERS THE COMMUNITIES OF CLUE DIAMOND, GOOD - SPRINGS, SEARCHLIGHT, SOUTHPOINT, DUCK CREEK, UPPER MOAPA VALLEY, HENDERSON, BOULDER CITY, BUNKERVILLE, AND MESQUITE. THE PURPOSE BEING TO IDENTIFY FLOOD PRONE AREAS THAT MAY BE AFFECTED BY THE 10, 50, 100 AND 500 YEAR FLOOD EVENTS, THE RESULTING DATA WILL BE TURNED OVER TO FIA FOR USE IN THE ESTABLISHMENT QF ACTUARIAL INSURANCE RATES FOR EXISTING AND POTENTIAL FLOOD -AFFECTED STRUCTURES. THE STUDY WILL ALSO PROVIDE FIA WITH DATA FOR THE CITIES OF LAS VEGAS AND NORTH LAS VEGAS.

FLOODPROOFING /FLOOD ?LAIN ZONING /NEVADA /FLOOD PLAIN INSURANCE

0159

LAS VEGAS WASH FLOOD HAZARD ANALYSIS

THOLA, G. USCA -SC, P.O. BOX 4850, RENO, NEVADA 89505

AREA /S)OF RESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY LOWER MEADOW VALLEY WASH

DATES OF RESEARCH: CURRENT/7-1-77

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 295,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: LAS VEGAS PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT NORTH LAS VEGAS PUBLIC WORKS DEPT.

A COOPERAIVE FLOOD HAZARD STUDY IS BEING MADE OF THE FLOOD PLAIN AREAS AFFECTED BY LAS VEGAS WASH AND ITS PRINCIPAL TRIBUTARIES. THE STUDY, CARRIED OUT BY USDA-SCS, WILL PROVIDE TECHNICAL INFORMATION FOR USE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL FLOOD PLAIN MANAGEMENT REGULATIONS. IN CONJUNCTION WITH THIS, HYDROLOGIC AND HYDRAULIC ANALYSES TO DETERMINE PEAK DISCHARGES AND FLOOD ELEVATIONS FOR THE 10, 25,100, AND 500 YEAR FREQUENCY FLOODS WILL BE PREPARED AND DISPLAYED ON MAPS AND TABLES.

NEVADA /FLOOD PLAIN ZONING /FLOOD PLAINS /FLOOD FREQUENCY

PUBLICATIONS:

"FLOOD HAZARD ANALYSIS, L.S VEGAS WASH, CLARK COUNTY, NEVADA," PUBLISHED BY USDA -3CS, RENO NEVADA.

91 0160

CLARK COUNTY AREA WIDE SALINITY CONTROL INVESTIGATION.

WARREN, L. R.W. BECK AND ASSOCIATES, 200 TOWER BUILDING, SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 98101

AREAS) OF RESEARCH: LOWER WHITE RIVER LAS VEGAS VALLEY LOWER MEADOW VALLEY WASH VIRGIN RIVER BASIN

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1974 -1976

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: CLARK COUNTY, NEVADA, PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT

A PORTION OF THE CLARK COUNTY - LAS VEGAS AREA WASTE WATER RETURNS TO THE COLORADO RIVER AND CONTRIBUTES TO THE SALINITY OF THE RIVER DOWNSTREAM. THE QUESTIONS POSED FOR STUDY CAN BE SUMMARIZED AS FOLLOWS: A)WHY DOES THE AREA'S MUNICIPAL WASTE WATER CONTAIN RELATIVELY HIGH CONCENTRATIONS OF DISSOLVED SALTS? B) WHAT, IF ANYTHING, SHOULD BE DONE TO CONTROL THE SALT CONTENT OF THE WASTE WATER? SOURCES OF THE SALTS AND ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF CONTROLLING SALT ADDITIONS WERE STUDIED. A PROGRAM OF OPTIMIZATION OF SALT USE AND MINIMIZATION OF GROUNDWATER INFILTRATION AND INFLOW IN FUTURE SEWER LINES WAS RECOMMENDED.

COLORADO RIVER /NEVADA /SALINITY /QUALITY CONTROL /GROUNDWATER /WASTE WATER

PUBLICATIOIS:

BECK, R.W. AND ASSOCIATES. BROWN AND CALDAELL, "CLARK COUNTY AREAWIDE SALINITY CONTROL INVESTIGATIONS," FEBRUARY 12, 1976.

0161

ALTERNATIVE PLANS FOR WATER RESOURCE USE, COLORADO RIVER BASIN AREA V.

WESTER,GARD, R.D. DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES, 201 SOUTH FALL STREET, CARSON CITY, NEVADA 139710

AREAS) OF RESEARCH: UPPER WHITE RIVER LOWER WHITE RIVER LAS VEGAS VALLEY UPPER MEADOW VALLEY WASH LOWER MEADOW VALLEY WASH COLORADO RIVER VALLEY VIRGIN RIVER BASIN

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1969 /CONTINUING

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: NEVADA STATE STUDY TEAM

THE PROJECT, AS PART OF THE STATE WATER PLAN, PRESENTS MAJOR WATER AND RELATED LAND RESOURCE ISSUES AND ASSOCIATED ALTERNATIVES FOR THE NEVADA PORTION OF THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER BASIN. THE MAJOR FOCUS IS PLACED UPON THE LAS VEGAS VALLEY AND SURROUNDING VALLEYS IN THREE ALTERNATIVE WAYS: 1) WITHOUT PLAN; 2) ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY PLAN; AND 3)ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY PLAN. CONSIDERED IN ADDITION TO THE THREE ALTERNATIVE PLANS ARE ELECTRIC ENERGY SITUATION, CONSERVATION MEASURES, MIX OF USES AID RETURN FLOW CREDIT, FEDERAL SALINITY AND POLLUTION CONTROL ACTIONS, AND URBAN POPULATION PHESSUhE ON OUTLYING AREAS. KEY DATES FJR POPULATION, WATER USE, WATER SUPPLY, WATER CONTRACTS, WATER IMPORTATION, AND RETURN FLOW 'WATER ARE INDICATED. POTENTIAL COMPETITION BETWEEN MUNICIPAL- IND!STRIAL WATER USE AND ELECTRIC GENERATING STATION COOLANT WATER USE IS DISCUSSED. NUMFROUS TA3LES AND CRAFTS OF HISTORIC AND PROJECTED QUANTITIES ARE PROVIDED IN SUPPORT OF ALTERNATIVE PLANS.

92 NEVADA /ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY /ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS /POPULATION /SALINITY/ WATER POLLUTION CONTROL /ELECTRIC POWER PLANTS /COLORADO RIVER

PUBLICATIONS:

NEVADA STATE ENGINEER'S OFFICE, "ALTERNATIVE PLANS FOR WATER RESOURCE USE COLORADO RIVER BASIN AREA V," APRIL 1974. NEVADA STATE ENGINEER'S OFFICE, "WATER SUPPLY FOR THE FUTURE IN SOUTHERN NEVADA," JANUARY 1971.

0162

SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS OF THE LAS VEGAS WASH UNIT OF THE COLORADO RIVER DESALINIZATION PROJECT.

WHITE, W.T. 1096 VEGAS VALLEY DRIVE, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89109

AREA(S)OFRESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY

DATES OF RESEARCH: 8- 75/3 -76

LEVELOFFUNDING: $ 8900

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION

THIS STUDY WAS DESIGNED TO EXAMINE THE IMPACT OF A DESALTING PROJECT, LOCATED NEAR THE MOUTH OF THE LAS VEGAS WASH, UPON THE LAS VEGAS VALLEY. FIVE ALTERNATIVES WERE CONSIDERED: 1) 'A DESALTING PLANT WITHA SMALL BRIiNE RESERVOIR, 2)A LARGE IN- VALLEY EVAPORATION RESERVOIR WITHOUT A DESALTING PLAIT, 3) A TOTAL EVAPORATION RESERVOIR OUTSIDE OF THE VALLEY, 4)A DESALTING PLANT 'WITH OUTSIDE VALLEY EVAPORATION OF ERINE, AND 5)NO PROJECT AT ALL. THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY INDICATE THAT NONE OF THESE ALTERNATIVES WOULD HAVE IMPORTANT SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS ON THE VEGAS VALLEY. HOWEVER, THE FIRST ALTERNATIVE WAS FOUND SIGNIFICANTLY PREFERABLE FOR TWO REASONS. FIRSTLY, IT IS CONSISTENT WITH WELL-ESTABLISHED OBJECTIVES IN REGARD TO THE COMPREHENSIVE MANAGEMENT OF COLORADO RIVER WATER. AND SECONDLY, SUCH A PLANT WOULD SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE THEPOLLUTIONWHICH WOULD OTHERWISE ATTEND LAS VEGAS GROWTJi.

DESALINATION /EVAPORATION /WAS'TE WATER /SOCIAL ASPECTS /ECONOMIC IMPACT /NEVADA/ COLORADO RIVER

PUELICATIONS:

U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION, "SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS OF THE LAS VEGAS WASH UNIT OF THE COLORADO RIVER DESALINIZATION PROGRAM," MARCH 1976. U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION, "A MODEL FOR SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS OF WATER PROJECTS," MARCH 1976.

0163

SOCIOECONOMICIMPACTS OFTHE SECOND STAGE OF THE SOUTHERN NEVADA WATER PROJECT

WHITE, W.T. 109ó VEGAS VALLEY DRIVE, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89109

93 L AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY

DATES OF RESEARCH: 5- 75/11 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 3825

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION

THIS PROJECT WAS DESIGNED TO EXAMINE THE IMPACT ON THE LAS VEGAS COMMUNITY OF THE ADDITIONAL WATER PROVIDED BY THE SECOND STAGE OF THE SOUTHERN NEVADA WATER PROJECT. ELEVEN DIFFERENT SOCIAL SECTORS (E.G. ECONOMIC BASE, EDUCATION, LAW AND JUSTICE, RECREATION) WERE EXAMINED FOP POTENTIAL SOCIO -ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF THE PROJECT. ONE RESULT IS THAT WATER FROM THE SECOND STAGE IS NECESSARY TO THE REALIZATION OF THE FJLL POTENTIAL OF LAS VEGAS VALLEY GROWTH. WITHOUT THE ADDITIONAL WATER, SIGNIFICANT CHANGES IN THE CURRENT LIFE STYLE 'WOULD BE NECESSARY IN ORDER TO ACCOMMODATE SUCH GROWTH. HOWEVER, THE STUDY ALSO INIICATED THAT THE SOCIOECONOMIC SITUATION WOULD NOT DIFFER GREATLY IF THE SOURCE OF THE ADDITIONAL WATER WERE FROM OTHER NEVADA VALLEYS RATHER THAN THE COLORADO RIVER. AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OF WATER MIGHT CAUSE SOME NEGATIVE RECREATIONAL IMPACTS, HOWEVER.

NEVADA /SOCIAL IMPACT /ECONOMIC GROWTH /ECONOMIC IMPACT

PUBLICATIONS:

U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION, "SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS OF THE SECOND STAGE OF THE SOUTHERN NEVADA WATER PROJECT," AUGUST 1975, 270 P. U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION, "A MODEL FOR THE SOCIOECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF WATER PROJECTS," MARCH 1976 (IN PROCESS)40 P.

0164

CITY OF HENDERSON 201 WASTEWATER FACILITIES PLAN STEP I.

WR EN- JARVIS, J. URS COMPANY, 2765 S. HIGHLAND DRIVE, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89109

AREAS) OF RESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY

DATES OF RESEARCH: 12 -15- 75/10 -1 -76

LEVEL OF FUNDING: 3 84,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: HENDERSON, CITY OF

THE PRIMARY OBJECTIVE OF THE CITY OF HENDERSON FACILITIES PLAN IS TO DETERMINE THE SEWERAGE FACILITY NEEDS OF THE COMMUNITY. COUPLED WITH THIS IS A SYSTEMATIC EVALUATION OF FEASIBLE ALTERNATIVES TO DETERMINE THE MOST COST - EFFECTIVE MEANS OF MEETING THESE SEWAGE NEEDS. THE CONTENTS OF THE FACILITIES PLAN,AS DEFINED BY THE U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, WILL INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING: A)DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM'S MAJOR ELEMENTS; B)INFILTRATION/ INFLOW ANALYSIS; C) COST -EFFECTIVE ANALYSES OF THE INFILTRATION AND INFLOW; D) SEWER EVALUATION SURVEY; E) IDENTIFICATION AND EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVE SYSTEMS TO MEET PRESENT AND FUTURE NEEDS; AND G)ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT.

NEVADA /INFILTRATION /INFLOW /COST ANALYSIS /SEWAGE /WASTE WATER TREATMENT

94 0165 STUDIES OF EVAPOTRANSPIRATION - WATER USE BY SALTCEDAR AS MEASURED BY THE WATER BUDGET METHOD.

VAN HYLCKAMA, T.E.A. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LOWER GILA RIVER ARIZONA

WATER USE BY SALTCEDAR ( PENTANDRA)WAS STUDIED FROM 1961 THROUGH 1967 NEAR BUCKEYE, ARIZONA. THE TEST SITE,IN THE FLOOD PLAIN OF THE GILA RIVER, WAS SURROUNDED BY A KILOMETER -WIDE DENSE STRIP OF SALTCEDAR THICKETS. IN THE AREA OF THE TEST SITE, EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES ARE AMONG THE HIGHEST IN THE UNITED STATES. EVAPOTRANSPIRATION RATES ANC QUANTITIES WERE OBSERVED IN SIX PLASTIC -LINED EVAPOTRANSPIROMETERS (TANKS) WITH 81 SQUARE METER SURFACES. ANALYSES WERE MADE OW THE EFFECTS OF DEPTH TC GROUND WATER IN THE TANKS, OF SALINITY OF S:)IL MOISTURE, AND OF VEGETATION DENSITY. RATES OF WATER USE FROM BARE AND VEGETATED SOIL WERE OBSERVED IN FIVE SHALLE3 TANKS(36 SQ. METER EACH) .

ARIZONA/ TAMARISK /PHREATOPHYTES /EVAPOTRANSPIRATION /WATER UTILIZATION /SALINITY/ GROUNDWATER /WATER TA3LE

PU BLICATIONS:

VAN HYLCKAMA, T.E.A., ',WATER USE BY SALTCEDAR AS MEASURED BY THE WATER BUDGET METHOD (STUDIES OF EVAPOTRANSPIRATION)," U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 491 -E, 1974.

.0166

PHYTOPLANKTON DISTRIBUTION AND WATER QUALITY INDICES FOR LAKE MEAD (COLORADO RIVER).

STAKER, R.D. /HOSHAW, R.N. /EVERETT, L.G. UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LOWER MEADOW VALLEY WASH VIRGIN RIVER BASIN

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION

PHYTOPLANKTON SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED AT VARYING STATIONS, TIMES, AND DEPTHS .FROM SEPTEMBER 1970 PO JUNE 1971 AT LAKE MEAD, ARIZONA, THEN PRCCESSED THROUGH A MILLIPORE FILTER APPARATUS AND 79 PLANKTONIC ALGAE INDENTIFIED. SPECIES OF BACILLARIOPHYTA WERE MOST NUMEROUS (42), FOLLOWED BY CHLOROPHYTA (18), CYANOPHYTA (9) , CHRYTOPHYTA (3), CRYPTOPHYTA (3), PYRROPHYTA (2) ,AND EUGLENOPHYTA (2). BACILLARIOPHYTA WERE PRESENT AT ALL TIMES AND STATIONS, WITH MAXIMUM OCCURRENCE DURING WINTER AND LATE SUMMER. CHLOROPHYTA WERE PRESENT AT ALL STATIONS AND DEPTHS THROUGHOUT THE YEAR WITH THE HIGHEST PERCENTAGE COM2OSITION IN APRIL. OF 18 GREEN ALGAE,10 WERE CHLOROCOCCALEAN SPECIES. CYANOPHYTA WERE THE .1AJOR PHYTOPLANKTONS IN SEPTEMBER AND NOVEMBER. CRYPTOPHYTA WEHE HIGH IN FEBRUARY- APRIL. CERATIUM HIRUNDINELLA WAS THE MOST IMPORTANT DINOFLAGELLAPE. THRITY -THREE OF THE 60 MOST POLLUTION -TOLERANT ALGAE GENERA ACCORDING TO PALMER'S POLLUTION -TOLERANT ALGAE INDEX AND AT LEAST ONE SPECIES OF EACH OF FIVE PALMER'S AND NYGAARD'S INDICES CALCULATED FROM THE PHYTOPLANKTON DATA INDICATED EUTROPHIC CONDITIONS IN LAKE MEAD, ESPECIALLY BOULDER BASIN.

RESERVOIRS /EUPROPHICATION /BIOINDICATORS /PHYTOPLANKTON /DIATOMS /ARIZONA/ CHLOROPHYTA/ PYRROPHYT A/ CYANOPHYTA /EUGLEENOPHYTA /DINOF.AGELLATES /LAKE MEAD/ WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS /POLLUTANT IDENTIFICATICN /COLORADO RIVER

95 PUBLICATIONS:

S'TAKER, R.D.,R. W. HOSHAW, ANO L.G. EVERETT, "PHYTOPLANKTON DISTRIBUTION AND WATER QUALITY INDICES FOR LAKE MEAD (COLORADO RIVER)," JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 1O(1974) :323 -331.

0167

AN ANALYSIS OF THE MOTOR -ROW CONVERSION ISSUE OF COLORADO RIVER FLOAT TRIPS.

LARSON, D.K. DEPT. OF WATERSHED MANAGEMENT, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONAb5721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER ABOVE PARKER DAM ARIZONA RIVER FLOAT TRIPS ON THE COLORADO RIVER THROUGH MARBLE AND GRAND DRAMATICALLY INCREASED WITHIN THE LAST TEN YEARS, SO MUCH SO THAT THE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE HAS DECIDED TO REDUCE THE NUMBER OF RIVER TRIP PARTICIPANTS AND REQUIRE ALL MOTORIZED TRIPS TO CONVERT TO OAR -POWERED TRIPS BY 1977 TO REDUCE THE IMPACT ON THE ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM. THESE POLICIES HAVE BECOME MAJOR MANAGEMENT CONCERNS IDENTIFIED AS THE MOTOR-ROW ISSUE. THE MOTOR -ROW ISSUE CONSISTS OF FOUR DIVISIONS: LIMITATION OF USE, PERCEPTION OF WILDERNESS, USER AGREEMENT WITH CONVERSION, AND USER PREFERENCE FOR TYPE OF TRIP. DATA WERE COLLECTED WITH SELF-ADMINISTERED QUESTIONNAIRES DISTRIBUTED AT ONE PRE -TRIP AND FOUR POST -TRIP SITES. RESULTS INDICATED THAT THERE WAS NOT A DEFINITIVE POSITION OF THE USER POPULATION REGARDING CONVERSION. USERS ARE DIVIDED IN THEIR AGREEMENT WITH CONVERSION POLICIES AND PREFERENCE FOR TYPE OF TRIP.

WATER POLLUTION CONTROL/COLORADO RIVER /ARIZONA /ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS /BOATING/ BALANCE OF NATURE /WATERSHED MANAGEMENT /RECREATION /WATER UTILIZATION /RIVERS/ RIVER REGULATION /NATIONAL PARKS /RATIONAL RECREATION AREAS

PU BLICATIONS:

LARSON, D.K., "AN ANALYSIS OF THE MOTOR -ROW CONVERSION ISSUE OF COLORADO RIVER FLOAT TRIPS," M.S. THESIS, UNIVERSITY. OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, 1974.

0163

PLANKTON PIGMENT HETEROGENEITY IN SEVEN RESERVOIRS OF THE LOWER COLORADO BASIN.

PORTZ, D.E. ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY, TEMPE, ARIZONA 85281

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA NEVADA. CALIFORNIA

AN EXAMINATION OF SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL HETEROGENEITIES OF SEVEN PLANKTON. PIGMENTS WAS MADE IN TWO RESERVOIR SYSTEMS OF TKE SALT AND COLORADO RIVERS IN SOUTHWESTERN USA. THE MAIN APPROACH DEVELOPED FROM A MICRO- TO MACRO -SCALE OF VARIATION USING BOTH PROFILE AND SURFACE SAMPLES. THE ANALYSIS COMMENCED WITH INTER -SAMPLE DIFFERENCES AT DIF ?ERERENCES AT FIXED LOCATIONS, FOLLOWED 8Y INIRA- AND INTER -RESERVOIR VARIATIONS BASED ON CONSTANT TRANSECT LOCATIONS. REPLICATE SAMPLES FROM SURFACE WATER EXHIBITED THE MOST FLUCTUATION IN PIGMENT CONCENTRATION. PROFILES i1ERF MOST IRREGULAR DURING PERIODS OF LAKE STRATIFICATION. DISTANCE BETWEEN SAMPLING STATIONS AND TEMPORAL. FACTORS, PLUS INNATE CHARACTERISTICS OF LOCAL WATER MASSES CCNTRIBUTED TO VARIATIONS WITHIN AND AMONG RESERVOIRS. A FINAL COMPARISON OF GROUPED DATA FROM THE TWO RESERVOIR SYSTEMS YIELDED COMSIDSRABLE HOMOGENEITY AND INTERRELATIONSHIPS OF PIGMENTS WERE SIMILAR FOR BOTH PROFILE AND SURFACE SAMPLES IN THE TWO SYSTEMS. TEMPERATURE, PERCENTAGE LIGHT PENETRATION, ANC TURBIDITY WERE DETERMINED TO BE MOST IMPORTANT IN INFLUENCING PIG :SENT DISTRIBUTION.

96 ARIZONA / CALIFORNIA / PLANKTON /PIGMENTS /RESERVOIRS /COLORADO RIVER /TURBIDITY/ TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION /SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION /LIGHT_ /LIGHT PENETRATION /ENVIRONMENT/ CLIMATOLOGY /:DATER SA.T ?LING

pUELICATIONS:

PORTZ, D.E., "PLANKTON PIGMENT HETEROGENEITY IN SEVEN RESERVOIRS OF THE LOWER COLORADO BASIN, "REPORT NO.NOAA-73073008, AVAILABLE FROM THE NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICES AS CO3 -73- 11306, JUNE 1973.

0169

PRACTICAL USE OF DECISION THEORY TO ASSESS UNCERTAINTIES ABOUT ACTION AFFECTING THE ENVIRONMENT.

DAVID, D.R. /PA'TTDN, R. UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF 3ESEARCH: ARIZONA NEVADA CALIFORNIA

BAYESIAN DECISION THEORY(BDT)IS A METHOD FOR DECISION MAKING UNDER UNCERTAINTY. THE STEPS ARE OUTLINED AND THE OF1922 IS USED AS AN ILLUSTRATION. EDT HAS SPECIAL RELEVANCE TO PROBLEMS OF REGIONALIZATION, THAT IS IN THE "TRANSFORMATION" OF THE FORM OF DATA AND IN THE "TRANSLATION" OF DATA IN SPACE. THIS IS BECAUSE IT ENABLES THE UNCERTAINTIES OF SUCH TRANSLATION AND TRANSFORMATION TO BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT WHILE MAKIN(ì FULL USE OF THE DATA.

COLORADO RIVEa COMPACT /RISKS /DECISION MAKING /COLORADO RIVER/ MATHEMATICAL STUDIES

PU ELICATIONS:

DAVIS, D.R., AND R. PATTEN, "BAYESIAN DECISION ANALYSIS APPLIED TO RIVER BASIN STUDIES," PROCEEDINGS OF SEMINAF ON COLORADO RIVER BASIN MODELING STUDIES, UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY, LOGAN, UTAH, JULY 16 -18, 1975.

0170

THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER: A BIBLIOGRAPHY.

YATES, R. /MARSHALL, K. ARIZONA WESTERN COLLEGE, YUMA, ARIZONA

AR EA (S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA NEVADA CALIFORNIA

THIS IS A COMPREHENSIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF MATTERIAES RELATING TO 'TR! LOWER COLORADO RIVER REGION. OVER 14Ó0 ENTRIES DEALING PRIMARILY OR IN PART WITH THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER ARE IDENTIFIED. THE CHAPTEF ON INDIANS OF THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER INCLUDES 275 ENTRIES AND REPRESENTS THE MOST INCLUSIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY ON THE YUMAN TRIBES IN EXISTENCE. ALSC INCLUDED ARE ENTRIES IN THE AREAS OF EARLY AND SETTLEMENT, THE MILITARY, STEAM NAVIGATION, THE COLORADO DELTA, iIEXICO AND THE COLORADO NIVEE, THE POLITICS OF ATER, RECLAMATION, MINING AND POPULATION CENTERS. THE BIBLIOGRAPHY IS INDEXED BY AUTHOR AND SUBJECT.

97 BIBLIOGRAPHIES /COLORADO RIVER /SALINE WATER /INDIAN RESERVATIONS /HISTORY/ POLITICAL ASPECTS /HISTORY /NEXICAN,WATER TREATY /ARIZONA /CALIFORNIA /NEVADA/ LOWER COLORADO RIVER

PUBLICATIONS:

YATES, R.AND M. MARSHALL, "TEE LOWER COLORADO RIVER: A BIBLIOGRAPHY," ARIZONA WESTERN COLLEGE PRESS, YUMA, 1974.

0171

QUALITY OF GROUND WATER IN THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER REGION, ARIZONA, NEVADA, NEW MEXICO, AND UTAH.

KISTER, L.R. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA NEVADA CALIFORNIA

DATA ARE PRESENTED ON THE AREAL AND VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE DISSOLVED SOLIDS AND FLUORIDE CONCENTRATIONS IN GROUNDWATER FOR THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER REGION. THE IS CHARACTERIZED. BY ISOLATED MOUNTAIN RANGES SEPARATED BY BROAD ALLUVIAL-FLOORED BASINS. THE WATER IN THE MOUNTAINS GENERALLY CONTAINS LESS THAN 1,000 MILLIGRAMS PER LITER DISSOLVED SOLIDS, EXCEPT WHERE WATER ISSUES FROM SALINE SPRINGS. THE CONCENTRATIONS IN THE GROUNDWATER IN THE ALLUVIUM RANGE FROM LESS THAN 100,000 MG /LITER DISSOLVED, SOLIDS, AND ARE USUALLY LESS THAN 1,000 MG /LITER. IN THE UPLANDS PROVINCE THE SEDIMENTARY ROCKS FORM THE MOST IMPORTANT AQUIFERS. THE DISSOLVED SOLIDS CONCENTRATIONS IN GROUNDWATER VARY FRCM 90 TO MORE THAN 60,000 MG /LITER IN ABOUT 1,500 SAMPLES ANALYZED. THE PRINCIPAL CONSTITUENTS IN THE GROUNDWATER IN THE UPLANDS ARE BICARBONATE, SULFATE CALCIUM, SODIUM, AND CHLORIDE. THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS PROVINCE FORMS A TOPOGRAPHIC HIGH THAT SEPARATES THE PLATEAU UPLANDS FROM THE BASIN AND RANGE LOWLANDS. VOLCANIC ROCKS, IN MUCH OF THE ARFA, ARE PERMEABLE AND RATER MCVING THROUGH THEM RECHARGES THE UNDERLYING GROUNDWATER RESERVOIR. THIN ALLUVIAL DEPOSITS IN A FEW SMALL VALLEYS ALSO STORE GROUNDWATER. SPRINGS ALONG THE AND ELSEWHERE IN THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS ARE THE SOURCE OF THE PERENNIAL FLOW IN THE GILA, SALT, AND VERDE RIVERS.

ARIZONA /CALIFORNIA /JEVADA /COLORADO RIVER /WATER QUALITY /WATER CHEMISTRY /MAPS/ SALINITY /HYDROLOGIC DATA /HYDROGEOLOGY /NEW MEXICO /UTAH

PUBLICATIONS:

KISTER, L.R., "QUALITY OF GROUND WATER IN THE LOFER COLORADO RIVER REGION, ARIZONA, NEVADA, NEW MEXICO, AND UTAH," U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, HYDROLOGIC INVESTIGATIONS ATLAS HA -473, 1973.

0172

SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF THE UNITED STATES, 1966 -1970: PART 9, COLORADO RIVER BASIN - VOLUME 3, LORE. COLORADO RIVER BASIN.

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, RESTO', VIRGINIA

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA NEVADA CALIFORNIA

98 THIS REPORT IS ONE OF A SERIES CF 37 REPORTS PRESENTING RECORDS OF STAGE AND DISCHARGE STREAMS, AND OF STAGE AND CONTENTS Of LAKES AND RESERVOIRS IN THE UNITED STATES DURING THE 1966 -1970 WATER REARS: IT CONTAINS THE RECORDS FOR GAGING STATIONS AND 2ARTIAL- RECORD STATIONS IN THë LOWER COLORADO RIVER BASIN. THIS IS ONE OF THE SECOND SERIES OF WATER- SUPPLY PAPERS TO BE PUBLISHED ON A 5-.YEAR BASIS. THE FIRST SERIES COVERED THE 5 -YEAR PERIOD OCTOBER 1,1960, TO SEPTEMBER 30, 1965. THIS SERIES COVERS THE PERIOD CCTOBER 1,1965 TO SEPTEMBER 30,1970. THE DAILY TABLE FOR STREAM -GAGING STATIONS GIVES THE MONTHLY AND YEARLY SUMMARIES OF TOTAL, AVERAGE, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM DISCHARGES.

BASIC DATA COLLECTIONS /STREAMFJ,OW /FLOW RATES/RUNOFF /DISCHARGE(WATER) /ARIZONA/ GAGING STATIONS /FLOW MEASUREMENT/AVERAGE FLOW /COLORADO RIVER /CALIFORNIA/ NEVADA /NEW MEXICO /UTAH

PU ELICATIONS:

U,S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, "SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF THE UNITED STATES, 1966 -70: PART 9. COLORADO RIVER BASIN - VOLUME 3. LOWER COLORADO RIVER BASIN," WATER SUPPLY PAPER 2126, 1975.

0173

RECONNAISSANCE STUDY OF WATER AND BOTANICAL RESOURCES OF SPRING MOUNTAIN RANCH AND PINE CREEK SITE OF RED ROCK RECREATIONAL AREA, CLARK COUNTY, NEVADA.

WESTPHAL, J.A. WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA SYSTEM, 4582 MARYLAND PARKWAY, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89109

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1-74/9 -15 -74

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 17,175

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: NEVADA DIVISION OF STATE PARKS

THIS STUDY EXAMINES BASIC RESOURCE DATA RELATING TO THOSE LANDS IN THE RED ROCK RECREATIONAL AREA LOCATED APPROXIMATELY 20 MILES WEST OF LAS VEGAS, NEVADA. DETAILED INVESTIGATION WITHIN THE RECREATIONAL AREA WAS RESTRICTED TO SPRPNG MOUNTAIN RANCH AND PINE CREEK SITE. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY INCLUDED DESCRIPTION OF THE HYDROLOGIC, GEOLOGIC, BIOLOGIC, PEDALOGIC, AND BOTANICAL RESOURCES. THESE DATA ARE USED TO DEVELOP RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SNORT - TERM MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS AND ALSO WILL PROVIDE A BASIS FOR FUTURE RESOURCE STUDIES WHICH MAY BE REQUIRED FOR DEVELOPMENT OF LONG -RANGE LAND MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS.

NEVADA/NATURAL RESOURCES /HYDROLOGIC DATA /GEOLOGY /SURVEYS /LAND MANAGEMENT

PUBLICATIONS:

WESTPHAL, J.A., R. L.BATEMAN, E. N.COOPER, J. HAINLINE, J.W. HESS, J.L. MAHONEY III, R.O. PATT, "RECONNAISSANCE STUDY OF WATER AND 30TANICAL RESOURCES OF SPRING MOUNTAIN RANCH AND PINE'CREEK SITE OF RED ROCK RECREATIONAL AREA, CLARK COUNTY, NEVADA," WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA SYSTEM, PROJECT REPORT NO.35, APRIL 1975.

99 0174

RECONNAISSANCE ANALYSIS OFF EFFECTS OF WASTE -WATER DISCHARGE ON THE SHALLOW GROUND-WATER FLOW SYSTEM, LOWER LAS VEGAS VALLEY, NEVADA.

WESTPHAL, J.A. /NORK, W.E. WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, 4582 MARYLAND PARKWAY, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89109

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY

DATES OF RESEARCH: 10-71/4-72

LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 71,700

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY LAS VEGAS VALLEY WATER DISTRICT

THE EASIC PURPOSE OF THE RESEARCH WAS TO DETERMINE HYDRAULIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SHALLOW FLOW SYSTEM IN THE LOWER PART CF THE VALLEY, AND IN TURN, TO DETERMINE 1)THE PROBABLE AREAL AND VERTICAL EXTENT OF INFLUENCE OF SURFACE DISCHARGE OF MUNICIPAL AND INDUSTRIAL EFFULENT ON THE SHALLOW FLOW SYSTEM; 2) THE CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GROUND WATERS AND EFFLUENT INFLUENCING FLOWS IN LAS VEGAS WASH; AND 3)THE EXTENT AND RATE OF RESPONSE IN THE SHALLOW GROUND WATER FLOW SYSTEM TO CESSATION OF SURFACE DISPOSAL OF EFFLUENT IN THE VICINITY OF HENDERSON AND EASE LAS VEGAS. RESEARCH PROGRESSED THROUGH USE OF THE TOOLS OF SIMULATION MODELING. ELECTRICAL ANALOG MODELS OF CROSS SECTICNS OF THE SHALLOW FLOW SYSTEM IN THE STEADY STATE WERE CONSTRUCTED. A COMPUTERIZED DIGITAL MODEL WAS ADAPTED TO THE SYSTEM USING AS INPUT BOTH BASIC DATA AND INFERENCES FORM THE ELECTRICAL ANALOG MODELS.

NEVADA /EFFLUENTS /MODEL STUDIES /ANALOG MODELS /SURVEYS /WASTE WATER

PU ELICATIONS:

WESTPHAL, J.A. AND W.E. NORK, "RECONNAISSANCE ANALYSIS OF EFFECTS OF WASTE- WATER DISCHARGE ON THE SHALLOW GROUND -WATER FLOW SYSTEM, LOWER LAS VEGAS VALLEY, NEVADA," WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA SYSTEM, PROJECT REPORT NO.19, APRIL 1972.

0175

CHARACTERIZATION OF NITROGEN SOURCES CONTAMINATING SHALLOW GROUND WATER IN AN ARID BASIN.

WESTPHAL, J.A. DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA SYSTEM, 4582 MARYLAND PARKWAY, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89109

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7-1-74/6-30-75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: 8 7200

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THE RESEARCH UTILIZED HYDRO,EOLOGIC AND HYDROCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES TO DETERMINE THE SOURCE AND LEVEL OF NITRATE CONTAMINATION OF GROUNDWATER IN AN ARID BASIN. THE PURPOSE WAS TO DETERMINE NITROGEN SOURCES AND SINKS USING DIAGNOSTIC GROSS AND TRACE ELEMENT CHEMISTRY SIGNATURES. PARTICULAR EMPHASIS WAS PLACED ON DETERMINING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF NITRATE FORMATION DUE TO THE OXIDATION OF BURIED ORGANIC DEPOSITS ASA RESULT OF RECENT DEWATERING AND REVERSAL OF LOCAL GROUNDWATER FLOW SYSTEM GRADIENTS. REDOX POTENTIAL AND PH MEASUREMENTS WERE EMPLOYED IN CONJUNCTION WITH ROUTINE CHEMICAL TESTING TO ASSESS STABILITY FIELDS OF NITROGEN CJLIPOUNDS IN GROUND WATER.

100 NEVADA /MATHEMATICAL MODELS/ GROUNDWAT ER /HYDROLOGY / WATER QUALITY /NITRATES/ NITROGEN /ORGANIC SOILS /GROUNDWATER MINING /CHEMICAL ANALYSIS /HYDROGEOLOGY

PUBLICATIONS: PATT, R.O. AND J.W. HESS, "CHARACTERIZATION OF NITROGEN SOURCES CONTAMINATING SHALLOW GROUND WATE:2 IN AN ARID BASIN, LAS VEGAS AREA, NEVADA," TECHNICAL REPORT SERIES H -W, HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES PUBLICATION NO. 260 DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA SYSTEM, FEBRUARY 1976.

0176

SUBSTITUTION FOR PRE -CHLORINATION.,

DEXING, D.J. /90NSCVITZ, J.T. SOUTHERN NEVADA `'WATER SYSTEM, 243 LAKESHORE ROAD, BOULDER CITY, NEVADA 89005

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY LOWER MEADOW VALLEY WASH

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1976/1978

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: SOUTHERN NEVADA WATER SYSTEM WITH THE RECENT DISCOVERY OF TRIHALJMETHANES, CHLORINE MAY BE EVENTUALLY PHASED OUT AS A PRE-CHLORINATION DISINFECTING AGENT. IF THIS CCCURS, SOME OTHER OXIDIZING AGENT MUST BE USED. AN EXTENSIVE PILOT PLANT STUDY OF OZONATION WAS CONDUCTED AT THE SNWS IN 1975. AT THAT TIME, IT WAS FOUND TO BE COST - PROHIBITIVE. THIS NAY NOT BE TRUE IN THE FUTURE. PRESENTLY POTASSIUM PERMAN- GANATE IS BEING STUDIED AS A SUBSTITUTE DISINFECTING AGENT. DOSAGES AND CONTACT TIMES ARE VARIED WITH COLIFORMS AND NUISANCE BACTERIA AS THE TESTING CRITERIA. POST- CHLORINATION WILL PROBABLY NEED TO BE PRACTICED WITH POTASSIUM PERMANGAN- ATE TO ESTABLISH A RESIDUAL DISINFECTING AGENT IN THE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM. IN THE PRASE II CONSTRUCTION, PROVISIONS WILL EE MALE FOR THE UTILIZATION OF CHLORINE DIOXIDE AS A DISINFECTING AGENT. AT THAT TIME OR BEFONE, LAB STUDIES ON CHLORINE DIOXIDE SHOULD BE MADE.

CHLORINE /DISINFECTION /WATER SUPPLY /WATER QUALITY /NEVADA

0177 INFLUENCE OF LAS VEGAS WASH UPON WATER QUALITY AT SOUTHERN NEVADA WATER SYSTEM INTAKE.

REXING, D.J. /MONSCVITZ, J.T. SOUTHERN NEVADA WATER SYSTEM, 243 LAKESHORE ROAD, BOULDER CITY, NEVADA d9005

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY LOWER MEADOW VALLEY WASH

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1975/1930

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: SOUTHERN NEVADA WATER SYSTEM

101 DURING THE RECENT FLOOD (JULY, 1975), THE SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT WAS DAMAGED AND RAW SEWAGE BY- PASSED THE PLANT AND FLOWED DOWN THE LAS VEGAS WASH. STUDYING PLANT RECORDS Ar THE SOUTHERN NEVADA WATER SYSTEM (SEWS)IT BECAME OBVIOUS THAT THE WASH COULD AFFECT WATER QUALITY AT THE SEWS INTAKE. SHORTLY AFTER THE FLOOD THERE WAS A MARKED INCREASE IN CHLORIDES AND COLIFORMS AT THE INTAKE. GRADUALLY THIS PEAK (HIGH CHLORIDE, HIGH COLIFORM) RETURNED TO BASELINE. ONGOING ANALYSIS SHOWS SOME EFFECT OF THE WASH ON SNWS INTAKE WATER. BY SAMPLING AT CALVILLE BAY (UPSTREAM OF THE WASH) ,THE WASH, AND OUR INTAKE, CERTAIN TRENDS CAN BE SEEN. THERE IS A DEFINITE MINERAL INCREASE (CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM, HARDNESS, TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS). THERE ARE SMALLER INCREASES IN OTHER CHEMICAL PARAMETERS (IRON, MANGANESE, SILICON DIOXIDE). HEAVY METALS WILL CONTINUE TO BE MONITORED THIS WAY. EVENTUALLY THE WASH WILL BE STUDIED AS AN ORGANICS SOURCE (PESTICIDES TRIHALOMETHANE PRECURSORS, ETC.).

SEWAGE /WATER QUALITY /NEVADA /LAKE MEAD /COLIFORMS /CHLORIDES /SEWAGE TREATMENT

0173

CORROSION CONTROL BY CHEMICAL APPLICATION.

REXING, D.J. /MONSCVITZ, J.T. /JAMIESON, E. SOUTHERN NEVADA WATER SYSTEM, 243 LAKESHORE ROAD, BOULDER CITY, NEVADA 39005

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY LOWER MEADOW VALLEY WASH

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1974 /CONTINUING

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: SOUTHERN NEVADA WATER SYSTEM

DUE TO THE SEVERE CORROSIVITY OF COLORADO RIVER WATER, CORROSION IS OF PRIME IMPORTANCE AT THE SOUTHERN NEVADA WATER SYSTEM(SNWS). SODIUM SILICATE HAS BEEN DOSED IN AN ATTEMPT 'TO CURTAIL THIS CORROSION. CONTINUOUS MONITORING OF THE SATURATION INDEX IS PRACTICED TO DETERMINE OPTIMUM PH FOR CORROSICN CONTROL. SODIUM HYDROXIDE IS DOSED TO CONTROL PH TO ASSURE A POSITIVE SATURATION INDEX. THIS PH AND CORROSION CONTROL IS VERY DIFFICULT DURING TIMES OF THE YEAR WHEN DISSOLVED OXYGEN IS LOW AND TEMPERTURE IS HIGH, DUE TO THE RESULTING SOFTENING THAT OCCURS UPON ADDITION OF HYDROXIDE. MATERIALS -TESTING FOR CORROSION RATE IS CURRENTLY UNDERWAY, UTILIZING A POTENTIOSTAT -GALVANOSTAT AND RESULTING POLARIZATION CURVES. THESE TESTS SHOULD HELP US IN DECIDING WHAT METALS ARE MOS; RESISTANT TO CORROSION IN COLORADO RIVER WATER. ANOTHER PROJECT UNDERWAY IS THE FEASIBILITY STUDY OF SLAVE CELLS. ONE OF OUR FILTER BEDS CONTAINS MAGNESIUM RODS COUPLED TO THE SURFACE WASH APPURTENANCES. MEASUREMENTS OF LOSS OF MAGNESIUM WILL ALLOW US TO FORMULATE A COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS CF THIS FORM OF CORROSION CONTROL VERSUS OTHER METHODS (PAINTING, ETC.).

NEVADA /LAKE MEAD / CORROSION /WATER QUALITY /COLORADO RIVER /COST -BENEFIT ANALYSIS

PUBLICATIONS:

STAFF REPORT FOR LAS VEGAS VALLEY WATER DISTRICT AND SEWS: INFORMATION FOR USE IN QUALITY CONTROL OF WATER TREATMENT AT SEWS.

0179

RIVER MILE INDEX - LOWER COLORADO RIVER AND SELECTED TRIBUTARIES.

PACIFIC SOUTHWEST INTERAGENCY COMMITTEE PACIFIC SOUTHWEST INTERAGENCY COMMITTEE, :LATER MANAGEMENT SU3CCMMITTEE, 1416 9TH ST.,RN115 -1, SACRAMENTO, CALLFO. 95814

102 AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA NEVADA CALIFORNIA

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION

THIS HIVER MILE INDEX FOR THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER AND SELECTED TRIBUTARIES IS ONE OF A SERIES OF REPORTS TO BE ISSUED FOR DRAINAGE BASINS IN THE PACIFIC SOUTHWEST. RIVER MILEAGES WERE DETERMINED FROM MEASUREMENTS MADE ON BUREAU OF RECLAMATION AERIAL ORTdOPHOTOGRAPHS AND U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY TOPOGRAPHIC QUADRANGLES. THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY AND BUREAU OF RECLAMATION FURNISHED INFORMATION ON STREA:1 GAGE LOCATIONS, DRAINAGE AREAS AND EATER SURFACE ELEVATIONS. THE STARTING POINT FOR THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER MILE INDEX IS AT THE SOUTHERLY INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY WITH íMEXICO. STREAMS ARE DESIGNATED BY ORDER NUMBER TO INDICATE THEIR RELATIONSHIP IN THE BASIN NETWORK.

ARIZONA /CALIFORNIA /NEVADA /UTAH /COLORADO RIVER /DISTANCE /RIVERS /TRIBUTARIES/ WATERSHEDS (BASINS)

PUPLICATIONS:

PACIFIC SOUTHWEST INTERAGENCY COMMITTEE, "RIVER MILE INDEX - LOWER COLORADO RIVER AND SELECTED TRIBUTARIES, ARIZONA, CALIFORNIA, NEVADA AND UTAH," REPORT OF THE WATER MANAGEMENT SUBCOMMITTEE, JANUARY 1976.

0180

MAPPING OF SUBSIDENCE FISSURES IN LAS VEGAS VALLEY, NEVADA.

dIFFLIN, A.D./PATT, R.O. WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, 4582 S. MARYLAND PARKWAY, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89109

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 75/6 -30 -76

LEVEL O? FUNDING: $ 4000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

TO DATE EARTH FISSURING IN LAS VEGAS VALLEY HAS BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFERENTIAL LAND SUBSIDENCE ASSOCIATED WITH WITHDRAWAL OF GROUND WATER. HOWEVER, SIMILAR - APPEARING FISSURES OCCUR IN OTHER DESERT BASINS WHICH DO NOT HAVE EXTENSIVE GROUND WATER WITHDRAWAL. THIS RESEARCH IS DESIGNED TO PROVIDE BASELINE DATA WHICH CAN 3E RELATED TO AMY CHANGES THAT MAY OCCUR IN THE FUTURE. COMPARISON OF THESE CHANGES WITH MEASURED PUMPAGE AND SUBSIDENCE RATES CAN THEN BE MADE TO TEST THE ORIGINAL HYPOTHESES OF CAUSE AND EFFECT PELATIONSHIPS.

NEVADA/ SUBSIDENCE /GROUNDWATER /WITHDRAWAL /FISSURES(GEOLOGIC)

0181

HYDROLOGIC FEASIBILITY OF UTILIZING PALMS FOR WATER MANAGEMENT IN SOUTHERN NEVADA.

HESS, J.'W. / ?ATT, R.O. WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, 4582 MARYLAND PARKWAY, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89109

103 AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1- 75/6 -30 -76

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 4260

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO DETERMINE THE HYDROLOGIC FEASIBILITY OF UTILIZING PALMS IN SOUTHERN NEVADA ASA BENEFICIAL MEANS FOR WASTE WATER, GROUND WATER AND FLOOD PLAIN MANAGEMENT. PRELIi9INARY LITERATURE STUDIES OF CLIMATIC CONDITIONS, ECONOMIC FACTORS AND AGRICULTURAL CONDITIONS ARE ENCOURAGING FOR A DETAILED FEASIBILITY STUDY OF THE HYDROLOGIC MANAGEMENT POTENTIAL OF GROWING PALMS IN THE AREA. THIS STUDY ADDRESSES THE BENEFICIAL USE OF WASTE WATER, RECLAIMED WASTE WATER FROM THE PROPOSED ADVANCED WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANT IN LAS VEGAS VALLEY, AND SALINE GROUND WATER FOR GROWING PALMS FOR EITHER AGRICULTURAL OR LANDSCAPING PURPOSES. PALMS MAY POTENTIALLY BE USED FOR WATER TABLE STABILIZATION AND BENEFICIAL UTILIZATION OF FLOOD HAZARD AREAS. HYDROLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS ARE CONDUCTED USING LITERATURE REVIEWS, PERSONAL INTERVIEWS AND FIELD INVESTIGATIONS. THIS PROJECT WILL LAY THE GROUND WORK FOR PROPOSED FUTURE FIELD INVESTIGATIONS.

NEVADA /WATER RESOURCES /GROUNDWATER /WASTE WATER /SALINE WATER /WATER QUALITY/ WATER TABLE /FLOOD PLAINS

0182

CHARACTERIZATION OF NITROGEN SOURCES CONTAMINATING SHALLOW GROUND WATER IN AN ARID 3ASIN.

HESS, J.W. /PATT, R.O. WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, 4582 S. MARYLAND PARKWAY, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89109

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1- 75/6 -30 -76

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 71,200

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT NEVADA, STATE OF

THIS INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH UTILIZES HYDRCGECLOGIC, HYDROCHENICAL, AND GEOPHYSICAL TECHNOLOGIES TO DETERMINE THE SOURCE(S), MECHANISM AND MOVEMENT OF NITRATE CONTAMINATION OF GROUND WATER IN AN ARID BASIN. THE METHODS USED INCLUDE CORE DRILLING, MASS FLUX, AND DIAGNOSTIC GROSS, TRACE ELEMENT, AND ISOTOPE CHEMISTRY SIGNATURES. GEOPHYSICAL ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY AND HYCRUCHEMICAL MEASUREMENTS ARE BEING ATTEMPTED TO DETERMINE NITROGEN MOVEMENT. PARTICULAR EMPHASIS IS PLACED ON DETERMINING THE MECHANISMS AND SIGNIFICANCE OF NITRATE FORMATION DUE TO THE OXIDATION OF EURIED ORGANIC DEPOSITS AS A RESULT OF RECENT DEWATERING AND REVERSAL CF LOCAL GROUNDWATER FLOW GRADIENTS. REDOX POTENTIAL AND PH MEASUREMENTS ARE EMPLOYED IN CONJUNCTION WITH ROUTINE CHEMICAL TESTING TO ASSESS STABILITY FIELDS OF NITROGEN COMPOUNDS IN GROUND WATER AND TO PREDICT REACTIONS AND ASSOCIATICNS UNDER VARYING pYDROLOGIC AND GEOLOGIC CONDITIONS TYPIFIED BY THE STUDY AREA.

GROUNDWATER /NEVADA /WATER QUALITY /NITRATES /NITROGEN /ORGANIC SOILS /HYDROLOGY/ GROUNDWATER ;DINING /MATHEMATICAL MODELS /CHEMICAL ANALYSIS /SOIL MOISTURE/ GEOPHYSICS /HYDROGEOLOGY

104 0183

DATA AND INFORMATION DISSEMINATION AND EXCHANGE PROGRAM IN SUPPORT OF WATER AND WATER -RELATED RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIES IN THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER AREA.

COOPER, E.N. ET AL. DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF LAS VEGAS, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89109

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA NEVADA CALIFORNIA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 6 -1- 75/6 -30 -76

LEVEL OF FUNDING: E 53,895

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT U.S. BUREAU OF RECLA.''IATION ARIZONA, STATE OF CALIFORNIA, STATE OP NEVADA, STATE OF

THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER PROJECT IS DESIGNED TO AID IN IMPROVING THE DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION INVOLVING WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH IN THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER BASIN. AGENCIES AND RESEARCHERS INVOLVED WITH THE WATER RESOURCES OF THE BASIN HAVE BEEN CONTACTED AND ABSTRACTS OBTAINED OF THEIR CURRENT RESEARCH WORK. THE PROJECT HAS USED 1972-PRESENT AS A ROUGH GUIDELINE FOR "RECENT RESEARCH." THE COMPLETED AND EDITED ABSTRACTS ARE PROCESSED INTO A COMPUTER RETRIEVAL SYSTEM AT THE UNIVERSITY CF ARIZONA, TUCSON. THE INFORMATION MAY BE RETRIEVED BY A COMPUTER SEARCH ACCESSED BY PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR, KEYWORD AND THE GEOGRAPHIC LOCALE WHERE THE RESEARCH WAS DONE. THERE WILL ALSO BE A PRINTED BIBLIOGRAPHY INDEXED BY PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND KEYWORD. TIE INFORMATION WILL BE CONTINUALLY UPDATED AS FUNDING WILL ALLOW.

DATA STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL /ARIZONA /CALIFORNIA /NEVADA /BIBLIOGRAPHIES / COLORADO RIVER /INFORMATION RETRIEVAL /DOCUMENTATICN /INFORMATION EXCHANGE/ DATA COLLECTIONS /RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT

0184

INFLUENCE OF SURFACE AND NEAR-SURFACE CALICHE DISTRIBUTION ON INFILTRATION CHARACTERISTICS, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA, PHASE II.

COOLEY, R.L. /FIERO, G.W. /LATTMAN, L.H. /MINDLING, A.L. WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA SYSTEM, RENO, NEVADA

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1972/1973

LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 60,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT NEVADA, STATE OF

THE GENERAL OBJECTIVES OF THIS STUDY WERE 1) TO DETERMINE THE DISTRIBUTION AND INFILTRATION CHARACTERISTICS OF CALICi1E ON MCCULLOUGH FAN,A LARGE PEDIMENTED ALLUVIAL FAN COMPOSED i1AINLY OF ANDESITE DETRITUS BORDERING THE MCCULLOGH RANGE SOUTH OF LAS VEGAS, NEVADA AND 2)TO INVESTIGATE THE DEVELOPdENT OF CALICHE ON EPHEMERAL STREAM CHANNELS AND INTERFLUVES ON THE FAN. FIELD STUDY INDICATED THAT CALICHE DEVELOPMENT AND DISTRIBUTION ARE RELATED TO THREE WIDESPREAD EROSION SURFACES AND TO THREE LITHOLOGIC UNITS. EVIDENCE ALSO SUGGESTS THAT CALICHE INFLUENCES INFILTRATION MAINLY AS GULLY-BED CEMENTATION HORIZONS IN THE NEDIAL AND DISTAL POSTIONS OF THE FAN AND AS PETROCACLIC AND CALCIC HORIZONS DEVELOPED ON THE UPPER EROSION SURFACE.

105 NEVADA /CALICHE /EROSION /EPHE`fERAL STREAMS /CHANNELS

PUBLICATIONS:

COOLEY, R.L., FIERO, G.il., JR., LATVIAN, L.H. AND MINDLING, A.L., "INFLUENCE OF SURFACE AND NEAR -SURFACE CALICHE DISTRIBUTION ON INFILTRATION CHARACTERISTICS, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA, PHASE II," TECHNICAL REPORT SERIES H -W, HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES PUBLICATION NO. 20, WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, SYSTEM, RENO, NEVADA, DECEMBER 1974.

0185

PROJECTED SEWAGE EFFLUENT IN LAS VEGAS VALLEY, 1972 -2000.

COCHRAN, G.F. /PECKHA :i,A.E. WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA SYSTEM, RENO, NEVADA

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 71/9 -71

LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 4160

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: NEVADA POWER COMPANY

IN THE LAS VEGAS VALLEY SEWAGE EFFLUENT WATER HAS BEEN USED FOR COOLING PURPOSES IN ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION. IN ORDER TO ESTIMATE WHETHER MORE POWER PLANTS USING THIS TYPE OF WATER CAN BE BUILT, A MAJOR QUESTION ARISES: WILL THERE BE ADEQUATE QUANTITIES OF EFFLUENT TO SUPPORT A NEW PLANT OR PLANTS. THIS SEUCY ADDRESSES THE PROBLEM OF POPULATION AND WATER USE PROJECTIONS FOR THE STUDY AREA OF THE LAS VEGAS VALLEY. SEVERAL ALTERNATE FORECASTS ARE MADE, BASED UPON VARYING ASSUMPTIONS. RESULTS INDICATE THAT THERE SHOULD BE SUFFICIENT EFFLUENT aATER TO SUPPORT ADDITIONAL ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION.

NEVACA /WATER COOLING/SEWAGE EFFLUENTS /POPULATION /ELECTRIC POWER /EFFLUENTS

PUBLICATIONS:

COCHRAN, G.F, AND A.E. PECKHAM, "PROJECTED SEWAGE EFFLUENT IN LAS VEGAS VALLEY, 1972- 2000," WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA SYSTEM, PROJECT REPORT 17, DECEMBER 1971.

0186

QUALITY OF WATER CONSIDERATIONS IN ARID AREA WATER :IANAGENENT.

COCHRAN, G.F. WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA SYSTEM, RENO, NEVADA

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY COLORADO RIVER VALLEY

DATES OF RESEARCH: 11- 01- 70/10 -31 -71

LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 63,500

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OW3T NEVADA, STATE OF 106 THIS REPORT IS THE THIRD TO RESULT,FROM A STUDY ENTITLED, "RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS TO PLAN, DEVELOP AND MANAGE A GROUND ANC SURFACE WATER SUPPLY. "THIS REPJRT DEALS PRINCIPALLY WITH THE FOLLOWING ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT: 1) GENERAL WATER QUALITY CONSIDERATIONS AS THEY PERTAIN TO WATER SUPPLIED FOR DOMESTIC, INDUSTRIAL AND MIUNICL ?AL USES. FROM RESOURCES OF IIFFERENT AND VARIOUS QUALITY AND THE QUALITY " FEED-BACK" ASIT PERTAINS TO POLLUTION CONTROL; 2) LAWS AND INSTITUTIONS WiHICH PLAY AN ACTIVE ROLE IN ALL ASPECTS OF WATER QUALITY; 3) POTENTIAL USES, VALUES AND COSTS OF RECLAIMED WATER AFTER VARIOUS LEVELS OF TREATMENT SUCH AS SECONDARY, TERTIARY AND DESALINIZATION PROCESSES;. 4) CONTINUED EXTENSION AND REFINEMENT OF THE MASTER WATER RESOURCE MODEL; AND 5) EXAMINATION OF THE EFFECTS OF WATER QUALITY CCNSTRAINTS ON "OPTIMAL" WATER USE POLICIES AS DETER:IINED WITH THE MASTER WATER RESOURCE SYSTEM MODEL. THE GEOGRAPHICAL AREA COVERED IN THIS STUDY CONSTITUTES THE MAJOR URBANIZED REGION OF SOUTHERN NEVADA AND ENCOMPASSES THE LAS VEGAS AND ELDORADO VALLEYS.

NEVADA /WATER QUALITY /DOMESTIC WATER /WATER POLLUTION /WATER LAW /EFFLUENTS/ DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING /OPTIMIZATION /MATHEMATICAL MODELS /ARID LANDS

PUBLICATIONS:

COCHRAN, G.F., D. FITZSIMMONS, J.R. GARRETT, G.S. WATSON, "QUALITY OF WATER CONSIDERATIONS IN ARID AREA WATER MANAGEMENT," WATER RESOURCE CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OP NEVADA SYSTEM, RENO, TECHNICAL REPORT SERIES H -w, HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES PUBLICATION NO.16, 1973.

0187

NEVADA DEPA3T1ENT OF FISH AND GAME, JOB PROGRESS REPORT -LAKE MOHAVE. (F-20 -8).

ALLAN, R.C. / PADILLA, C.O. 4747 VEGAS DRIVE, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89158

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO RIVER VALLEY

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1 -1- 72/12 -31 -72

THE PRIMARY OBJECTIVES OF THE PROGRAM ARE TO 1)ARRIVE AT THE MOST EFFECTIVE MEANS OF MANAGING TdE COLD WATER FISHERY, IN TERMS CF OPTIMUM QUALITY RETURNS; 2) MODERATE 'THE TREND TO A "PUT AND TAKE" FISHERY IN ORDER TO RETURN THE MANAG]MENT EMPHASIS TOWARD A PREMIUM FISHERY; AND 3) EMPHASIZE THE QUALITY OF WARM WATER FISHERY. IN CONNECTION WITH THESE OBJECTIVES, A CREEL CENSUS WAS CONDUCTED AT DESIGNATED BOAT LANDINGS. VARIOUS LOTS AND STRAINS OF HATCHERY TROUT WERE MARKED AND RELEASED AT DIFFERING LOCATIONS. ALSO, GENERAL RESEARCH ON SALMONIDS.AND BASS SPAWNING SUCCESS WAS CARRIED OUT. A TOTAL OF 6,173 ANGLERS WERE CONTACTED DURING THE CENSUS. DATA SHOWS A SUCCESS RATE OF 2.47 FISH PER ANGLER. THE RATE OF CATCH FOR LARGEMOUTH BASS DECREASED MARKEDLY FROM 1971.

FISH MANAGEMENT /FISHERIES /WARM -WATER FISHING /BASS /SALNONIDS /CREEL CENSUS/ NEVADA /LAKE MOHAVE

PU BE ICATIONS:

NEVADA DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME, "JOB PROGRESS RFPÒRT, RESEARCH PROJECT SEGMENT,,

STATEWIDE FISHERIES PROGRAM, LAKE MOHAVE, CLARK COUNTY, NEVADA," - MARCH 19, 1973.

0188

ANALYSIS OF EFFECTS OF iIODIFIED WASTE -WATER DISPOSAL PRACTICES ON LOWER LAS VEGAS WASH.

BATE:MAN, R.L. WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, 4582 MARYLAND PARKWAY, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89109 107 AREAS) OF RESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY

DATES OF RESEARCH: 8-00- 75/12-00 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 15,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION

EXTENSIVE DEVELOPMENT WITHIN LAS VEGAS VALLEY CVER THE PAST 30 YEARS HAS RESULTED IN INCREASING VOLUMES OF LOW QUALITY WATER BEING DISCHARGED BY LAS VEGAS WASH TO LAKE MEAD - COLORADO RIVER. THE BASIC PURPOSE OF THIS RESEARCH IS TO PROVIDE UPDATEJ PROJECTIONS OF FUTURE GROUND-WATER INFLOWS TO LAS VEGAS WASH AND THE CHEMICAL QUALITY OF SUCH INFLOWS. RESEARCH WAS CONDUCTED BY EVALUATING PRESENT CONDITIONS OF GROUND -WATER RETURN FLOW TO THE WASH. THESE CONDITIONS WERE THEN COMPARED WITH THOSE OCCURING IN 1970 IN ORDER TO ESTABLISH TRENDS WHICH MAY BE OCCURRING DUE TO CHANGES IN WATER USE AND WASTE -WATER DISPOSAL PRACTICES. RESULTS INDICATE THAT SIGNIFICANT CHANGES HAVE OCCURRED OVER THE PAST FIVE YEARS AS REGARDS SOURCE, AMOUNT, AND LOCATION OF GROUND- WATER RETURN FLOW TO THE WASH. AREAS OF FURTHER INVESTIGATION WHICH WOULD BE USEFUL IN VERIFYING AND /OR MODIFYING RESULTS OF THE PRESENT STUDY ARE SUGGESTED.

NEVADA /WASTE WATER /GROUNDWATER /SALINE WATER /LAKE READ /COLORADO RIVER

PUBLICATIONS:

BATEIAN, R. L., "ANALYSIS OF EFFECTS OF MODIFIED WASTE -WATER DISPOSAL PRACTICES ON LOWER LAS VEGAS WASH," WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA SYSTEM, PROJECT REPORT NO 39, 1976.

0190

INVENTORY AND CHEMICAL QUALITY OF GROUND WATER IN - MEADOW VALLEY WASH AREA.

BATEMAN, P.L. WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, 4582 MARYLAND PARKWAY, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89109

AREAS) OF RESEARCH: UPPER WHITE RIVER LOWER WHITE RIVER UPPER MEADOW VALLEY WASH LOWER MEADOW VALLEY WASH VIRGIN RIVER BASIN

DATES OF RESEARCH: 6- 75/12 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: E 15,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT THE WHITE RIVER - MUDDY RIVER AND MEADOW VALLEY WASH DRAINAGES ARE MAJOR TRIBUTARIES TO THE COLORADO RIVER, IN AN AREAL SENSE, WITHIN THE STATE OF NEVADA. GROUND WATER IS THE MOST PROBABLE SALINITY SOURCE IN THE AREA, DUE TO THE INTERMITTENT NATURE OF SURFACE FLOW. THE PRIMARY PURPOSE OF TIIS INVESTIGATION WAS TO INVENTORY AND CHARACTERIZE THE CHEMICAL QUALITY OF GROUND WATER DISCHARGING AS 3PRINGS OR DEVELOPED FROM WELLS WITHIN THE STUDY AREA. THIS DATA IS REQUIRED IN ORDER TO IDENTIFY POSSIBLE PCINT SOURCES OF SALINITY. THE INITIAL PHASE INVOLVED COìtPILATION OF EXISTING WATER QUALITY DATA. TO COI"PLEMENT THIS HISTORIC DATA BASE, LIMITED WATEP QUALITY SAAPLING /ANALYSIS WAS CONDUCTED. ASSESSMENT OF THE RESULTS INDICATES THAT THERE ARE NC LARGE DISCHARGE SPRINGS WIPH TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIES(TOS)IN EXCESS OF 800 MG /L. A LIMITED NUMBER OF SMALL SPRINGS WHICH DISCHARGE EATER WITH TDS IN EXCESS OF 800 MG /L WERE IDENTIFIED. WATER PRODUCED FROM WELLS II UPSTREAM (NORThERN)PORTIONS OF THE DRAINAGES IS :.ENERALLY OF EXCELLENT QUALIIY; THAT FR0i FURTHEST DOWN - STREAM AR'-'AS IS OF :SUCH 2002ER QUALITY, TDS AVERAGING ABOUT 2,500 MG /L.

: NEVADA /GROUNDWATER /WATER QUALITY /COLORADO RIVES /HYDROLOGIC DATA / SALINITY

108 PUBLICATIONS: GATEMAN, R.L., "INVENTORY AND CHEMICAL QUALITY OF GROUND WATER IN MUDDY RIVER -MEADOW VALLEY WASH AREA," WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA SYSTEM, PROJECT REPORT NO. 40, 1976.

0191

MEASUREMENT, PREDICTION AND CONTROL OF SOIL WATER MOVEMENT IN ARID AVD SEMI -ARID SOILS.

NIELSEN, R.N. WATER SCIENCE S ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFGRNIA, DAVIS, CALIF. 95616

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: DELTA- CENTRAL SIERRA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1- 69/6-30 -74

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: WATER RESOURCES, CALIFORNIA, NEVADA, ARIZONA

THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO ASCERTAIN THE PREDICTABILITY OF INFILTRATION, REDISTRIBUTION AND DRAINAGE OF WATER IN UNSATURATED SOIL. WATER MANAGEMENT, LEACHING LOSSES OF FERTILIZER AND SALINITY CONTROL ARE CONSIDERED. BOTH LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS AND FIELD TESTS ARE USED TO EXAMINE SIMULTANEOUS FLOW OF WATER, SOLUTES AND HEAT. UNDISTURBED SOIL CORES FROM THE FIELD ARE CENTRIFUGED IN A SPECIALLY CONSTRUCTED SAMPLE HOLDER FOR VARIOUS PERIODS OF TIME. SENSITIVE ANALYTICAL BALANCE, MOISTURE FLOW EQUATIONS, TENSIOMETER, NEUTRON PROBE TECHNIQUES AND MOISTURE RELEASE CURVES ARE USED. SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF SOIL WATER PARAMETERS ARE EVALUATED. RESULTS SHOW THAT CENTRIFUGATION PROCESS IS REPRODUCIBLE TO MEASURE HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITIES UNDER LOW MOISTURE REGIMES IN FIELD SOILS. BEHAVIOR OF SOIL WATER AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE NITROGEN MOVEMENT UNDER A CROP OF MAIZE IN THE FIELD IS DESCRIBED. SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF SOIL WATER PARAMETERS ARE DISCUSSED.

SOIL WATER /HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY /SALINITY /WATER MANAGEMENT(APPLIED)/ DRAINAGE /WATER DISTRIBUTION/ LEACHING /FER'TILIZ ERS /CENTRIFUGATION /CALIFORNIA/ INFILTRATION

PUBLICATIONS: BIGGAR, J.W., D.R. NIELSEN, K.K. TANJI AND J. MACINTYRE, "FIELD INVESTIGATION OF WATER AND NITROGEN MOVEMENT IN YOLO SOIL," ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT TO NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION, 1974. NIELSEN, D.R. AND J.C. COREY, "DIRECT MEASUREMENT OF WATER MOVEMENT IN THE ZONE OF AERATION ," U.S. INT'L. HYDROLOGIC DECADE BULLETIN, NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, TRANS. AMER. GEOPHYS. UNION, 55:183 -86, APRIL 1974.

0192

A REPORT ON WILDLIFE RESOURCES ASSOCIATED WITH AGRICULTURAL DRAINS IN THE PALO VERDE IRRIGATION DISTRICT, COACHELLA VALLÉY COUNTRY WATER DISTRICT AND IMPERIAL IRRIGATION DISTRICT.

GOULD, G.I., JR. CALIFORNIA DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME,P.O.BOX EE, ELYTFE, CALIFORNIA 92225

AREA(S) OF 3ESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

3.09 THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO DOCUMENT THE WILDLIFE RESOURCES IN THE PALO VERDE, COACHELLA AND IMPERIAL VALLEY. AGRICULTURAL WASTE WATER DRAINS IN THESE AREAS WERE SAMPLED FROM MAY 19 TO MAY 30, 1975. DATA ON THE SPECIES COMPOSITION OF VEGETATION, AND THE DISTRIBUTION DENSITY AND COMPOSITION OF AVIAN AND MAMíMLIAN POPULATIONS '+MERE GATHERED ON 5 TRANSECTS IN THE THREE AREAS. TRANSECTS WERE PLACED ON DRAIN SYSTEMS TO SAMPLE, TERMINAL, INTERMEDIATE AND FEEDER SEGMENTS FOR EACH SYSTEM. RESULTS INDICATE THAT MOST COMMON BIRDS OBSERVED ARE RED- WINGED BLACK3IBD3 AND MOURNING DOVES. THE NUMBERS OF SPECIES OBSERVED ARE 20% LESS THAN WHAT MAY BE FOUND DURING THE YEAR. THE MOST COMMON RAPTOR IS THE BURROWING OWL. THE MUST COMMON MAMMALS ARE PEROMYSCUS, DESERT POCKET MOUSE AND HISPID COTTON RAT. MUSKRATS ARE COMMON IN ALL THREE AREAS. FINALLY, CARNIVORE "POPULATIONS VARY WITH THE FERAL CAT, COYOTE AND STRIPED SKUNK RESPECTIVELY, :THE MOST COMMON IN THE VALLEY ASEAS.

FARM WASTE /WILDLIFE /DRAINS /SAMP LING /BIRDS /:MAMMALS /VEGETATION / CALIFCRNIA

0193

MANAGEMENT OF SALT LOAD IN IRRIGATION AGRICULTURE.

LUTHIN, J.N. /ORHUN, A. WATER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS, CALIF. 95616

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 69/6 -30 -74

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: WATER RESOURCES, CALIFORNIA, NEVADA, ARIZONA

THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROJECT ARE TO DEVELOP ALTERNATE METHODS OF MANAGING THE SALT LOAD IN IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE TO OPTIMIZE THE BENEFICIAL USE OF THE WATER RESOURCES AND ro DEVELOP A CONCEPTUAL MODEL RELATING IRRIGATION, DRAINAGE AND SALT MANAGEMENT. EXISTING DATA ON SALINITY AND WATER TABLES IN THE IMPERIAL VALLEY IS USED TO SYNTHESIZE THE IRRIGATION- DRAINAGE-SALINITY CONTROL SYSTEM. MATHEMATICAL MODELS ARE TO BE DEVELOPED FOR COMPUTER SOLUTION. A LARGE TANK 50 FT. LONG,10 FT. DEEP AND 3FT. ACROSS IS USED FOR EXPERIMENTAL WORK. ANALYSIS OF THE MOVEMENT OF A SLUG OF SALT TO THE WATER TABLE UNDER STEADY STATE IRRIGATION CONDITIONS HIGHLIGHTS THE UNDERSTANDING OF HOW SALT MOVES TOWARDS DRAINS.. A. COMPUTER MODEL IS DEVELCPED RELATING SALT ACCUMULA ^_ION IN THE SURFACE LAYERS OF THE SOIL WITH PLANT EVAPOTRANSPIRATION, UNDER THE CONSTANT WATER TABLE CONDITION OF 5 FEET BELOW THE GROUND SURFACE. ANALYSIS TIES IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CAPILLARY CONDUCTIVITY ANL SOIL MOISTURE PRESSURE. A REPORT IS TO BE PUBLISHED IN HILGARDIA.

EVAPOTRANSPIRATION /SOIL MOISTURE /SALTS /SOIL iMANAGEMENT /IRRIGATION /AGR.ICULTURAL RUNOFF /WATER RESOURCES /SALINITY /SALT BALANCE /CALIFORNIA

0194

DRAINAGE BASIN PARAMETERS OF MOUNTAIN RANGES.

ENGSTROM, W.V. DEPT. OF GEOGRAPHY, CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, FULLERTON, FULLERTON, CALIFORNIA 92634

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

110 THIS PROJECT IS TO INVESTIGATE THE PARAMETERS IN THE EL PASO/ RAND, BULLION, AND CHEMEHIUVI MOUNTAINS OF THE MOJAVE D£SERT1 THE GRANITIC PORTIONS OF FREER RANGES ARE EXAMINED IN ORDER TO MINIMIZE PARAMETER DIFFERENCES ARISING FROM DIFFERENCES IN ROCK TYPES. THEY ARE LOCATED IN THE WESTERN, CENTRAL AND EASTERN PORTIONS OF THE MOJAVE DESERT, AND SP CAN PROVIDE DRAINAGE BASIN DATA FROM DIFFERING MODERN CLIMATE AND VEGETATION ENVIRONMMENTS. LATE CLIMATE AND VEGETATION ENVIRONMENTS IN THE DESERT ARE KNOWN TO DIFFER PROM MODERN ENVIRONMENTS. TO BE SUCCESSFUL, THE EFFECTS OF RELIEF AND OTHER TOPOGRAPHIC VARIABLES ON THE DRAINAGE NETS :LUST BE CAREFULLY SEPARATED FROM THOSE EFFECTS RESULTING FROM DIFFERENT CLIMATE /VEGETATION ENVIRONMENTS. TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS PROVIDE THE BULK OF THE DATA WHICH CAN BE ANALY4ED USING STATISTICAL PROCEDURES. HOPEFULLY, THE PROJECT WILL SHOW TO WHICH OF THE CLIMATE /VEGETATION ENVIRONMENTS, MODERN OR LATE PLEISTOCENE, THE DRAINAGE BASIN PARAMETERS ARE ADJUSTED. THE PROJECT IS IN ITS INITIAL STAGES.

WATERSHEDS( BASINS) /ROCKS /CLIMATES /VEGETATION /PARAMETRIC HYDROLOGY /CALIFORNIA

0195

COMPUTER SIMULATION OF SURFACE WATER HYDROLOGY AND SALINITY WITH APPLICATION TO STUDIES OF COLORADO RIVER MANAGEMENT.

LIST, E.J. /JENSEN, A.R. ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LABORATORY, CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PASADENA, CALIFORNIA 91125

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SOUTH COASTAL

THIS PROJECT IS DESIGNED TO TEST THE APPLICABILITY OF THE COMPUTER SIMULATION MODEL TO SIMULATE THE EFFECTS OF VARIOUS MANAGEMENT ALTERNATIVES FOR WATER CONSERVATION, WATER QUALITY AND POWER PRODUCTION IN THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER BASIN. SYNTHETIC SEQUENCES OF STREAMFLOWS AND TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLID$ (TDS) CONCENTRATIONS ARE GENERATED AND ROUTED THROUGH THE MAJOR RESERVOIRS OF THE SYSTEM AT AND LAKE MEAD. CHARACTERISTICS OF SYSTEM BEHAVIOR UNDER DIFFERENT STREAMFLOW SEQUENCES, UPSTREAM DEPLETION LEVELS, OPERATING POLICIES, RESERVOIR EVAPORATION, DISCHARGE SALINITY AND POWER CAPACITY ARE EXAMINED. ALTHOUGH THE EFFECTS OF RESERVOIR OPERATIONS UPON WATER QUALITY ARE MADE UNCERTAIN BY A LACK OF KNOWLEDGE REGARDING THE CHEMICAL LIMNOLOGY OF LAKE POWELL, TWO POSSIBLE CHEMISTRY MODELS HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED, AND THE PREDICTED IMPACTS OF CHANGES IN RESERVOIR OPERATION UPON WATER QUALITY ARE PRESENTED. SIMULATIONS SHOW THAT LAKE POWELL IS UNABLE TO CONFORM TO CURRENT OPERATING CONSTRAINTS AT THE HIGHER LEVELS OF WATER DEMAND.AN ALTERNATIVE FORM OF RESERVOIR OPERATION IS DEFINED AND COMPARED TO THE EXISTING POLICY ON THE BASIS OF RELIABILITY OF WATER SUPPLY, CONSERVATION OF WATER, IMPACT UPCN WATER QUALITY AND THE EFFECT UPON POWER GENERATION.

COLORADO RIVER /COMPUTER MODELS /WATERSHED MANAGEMENT /ENERGY /RESERVOIRS/ SALINITY /SYNTHETIC HYDROLOGY /DISSOLVED SOLIDS /CONSTRAINTS /HYDROELECTRIC POWER/ WATER QUALITY /CALIFORNIA

PUBLICATIONS; JENSEN, A.R., "COMPUTER SIMULATION OF SURFACE WATER HYDROLOGY AND SALINITY WITH AN APPLICATION TO STUDIES OF COLORADO RIVER MANAGEMENT," PH.D. THESIS. CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, PASADENA,`CALIFORNIA, 1976, 298 P.

0196

IMPERIAL DIVISION FISHERIES SURVEY.

PONDER, G. CALIFORNIA DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME, 407 W. LINE ST., BISÜOP, CALIFORNIA 93514

111 AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

ìATES OF RESEARCH: 12-31 -75 THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROJECT ARE TO INVENTORY THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT AND FISHERIES OF THE IMPERIAL DIVISION OP THE COLORADO RIVER AND TO EVALUATE THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF UPSTREAM RIVER MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES. SIXTEEN BACKWATERS WERE SURVEYED. DATA ON WATER DEPTH, TURBIDITY, WATER TEMPERATURE, WATER CHEMISTRY, PLANKTON AND FISHES WERE GATHERED.

CALIFORNIA/ FISHERIES /LIi1NOLOGY /MA;IAGEMENT /BACKWATER /AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT/ TURBIDITY /PLANKTON /COLORADO RIVER

PUBLICATIONS:

PONDER, G.W., "INVENTORY OF FISH SPECIES ANC THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT OF 16 3ACKWATERS OF THE IMPERIAL DIVISION OF THE COLORADO RIVER," CALIFORNIA DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME ADMN. REPORT 75 -3,1975, 87 P.

0197

A STUDY OP TEMPERATURE AND DISSOLVED OXYGEN IN LAKE HAVASU AS THEY PERTAIN TO A CATCHABLE RAINBOW TROUT FISHERY.

PONDER, G. CALIFORNIA DEPT. OF FISH AND GATE, 407 W. LINE ST., BISHOP CALIFCRNIA 93514

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY IS TO DETERMINE WHETHER WATER TEMPERATURE AND DISSOLVED OXYGEN WILL PERMIT A CATCHABLE RAINBOW TROUT FISHERY IN LAKE HAVASU. WATER TEMPERATURES AND DISSOLVED OXYGEN DETERMINATIONS WERE MADE AT FIVE STATIONS AT EVERY TEN FEET OP DEPTH ONCE EACH MONTH FOR A PERIOD OF TWO YEARS. ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS SHOW THAT A MARGINAL CATCHABLE TROUT FISHERY IS POSSIBLE FOR THE RESERVOIR.

WATER TEMPERATURE /DISSOLVED OXYGEN /RAINBOW TROUT /FISHERIES /RESERVOIRS/ CALIFORNIA /LAKE HAVASU

PUBLfCATIONS: PONDER, G.W., "A STUDY OF TEMPERATURES AND DISSOLVED OXYGEN IN LAKE HAVASU AS THEY PERTAIN TO A CATCHABLE RAINBOW TROUT FISHERY," CALIFORNIA DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME ADMY. REPORT 71 -15, 1971, 21 P.

0198

SALT BALANCE MANAGEMENT IN THE LOWER SAN LUIS REY RIVER BASIN.

LABADIE, J. 4. /SMITH, G.L. DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, COLCRADO STATE UNIV., FT. COLLINS, COLO. 80523

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SOUTH COASTAL

DATES OF RESEARCH: 9- 1- 74/6 -30 -76

LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 66,146

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: 0WRT SANTA MARGARITA -SAN LUIS REY 4ATERSHED PLANNING AGENCY

112 OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO DEVELOP A COST -EFFECTIVE GROUNDWATER SALINITY MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUE WHICH WOULD BE FEASIBLE FOR MANY RIVER BASINS WITH IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE. THE BASIC IDEA IS TO ENCOURAGE THE PUMPING OF WATER DOWNSTREAM FROi THE ORIGINAL LOCATION CF THE WELL. IN THIS WAY, A MECHANISM IS ESTABLISHED FOR ACCELERATING THE COWNSTREAM TRANSPORT OF SALTS IN THE GROUNDWATER AT A MORE RAPID RATE THAI WOULD OCCUR NATURALLY THPOUGH CONVECTION AND DISPERSION, WHILE STILL SATISFYING IRRIGATION DEMANDS. THIS IS CALLED THE ACCELERATED SALT TRANSPORT (ASTRAN) METHOD. A IiANAGEBENT ALGORITHM HAS BEEN DEVELOPED FOR IMPLEMENTING QUANTITY- QUALITY SIMULATION MODEL. IN ORDER TO TEST ITS EFFECTIVENESS, THE MANAGEMENT ALGORITHM HAS BEEN APPLIED TO THE BONSALL SUBBASIN IN THE SAN LUIS REY RIVER BASIN, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. RESULTS OF THE STUDY INDICATE: 1) THE ASTRAN METHOD IS COST- EFFECTIVE; 2)THE ASTRAN METHOD ENCOURAGES BALANCED CONJUNCTIVE USE OF SURFACE WATER AND GROUNDWATER; 3)THE ASTRAN METHOD IS FLEXIBLE ENOUGH TO RESPOND TO FUTURE MANAGEMENT NEEDS.

CALIFORNIA /GROUNDWATER /SALINITY /IRRIGATION WATER /WATER QUALITY /SALT BALANCE/ OPTIMIZATION /HATER MANAGEMENT(APPLIED) /SIMULATION ANALYSIS

PUBLICATIONS:

HELWEG, .J. AND J.W. LABADIE, "A SALINITY MANAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR STREAM,- AQUIFER SYSTEMS," HYDROLOGY PAPERS, NO. 84, COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY 1976.

0199

SPRINKLER IRRIGATION, PLANT POPULATION DENSITY AND IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT FOR EFFICIENT WATER UTILIZATION AND SALINITY CONTROL.

ROBINSON, F. E. WATER SCIENCE ENGINEERING, AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS, CALIFORNIA 95616

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 73/6 -30 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: 3 3500

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

THE THREE MAJOR OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROJECT ARE: 1) TO DETERMINE METHODS Of IRRIGATION LEADING TO MOST EFFICIENT CROP PRODUCTION AND SALT REMOVAL; 2) TO STUDY THE EFFECTS OF 4ETTING THE AERIAL PORTIONS OF CROPS; AND 3) TO FIND THE MOST EFFICIENT PLANT DENSITY UNDER SPRINKLER IRRIGATION. CROPS ARE GROWN IN AN AUTOMATED PERMANENT SPRINKLER SYSTEM. LEACH RATIOS ARE INITIATED AT DIFFERENT LEVELS BASED ON ESTIMATES OF EVAPOTRANSPIRATION BYA CLASS 'A' WEATHER BUREAU PAN. SALT EFFECTS ON CROP PLANTS AND SALT ACCUMULATION IN TH« SOIL ARE DETERMINED VIA SATURATION EXTRACT OF SOIL SAMPLES. THE NECESSARY LEACHING RATIO FOR EFFICIENT SALT REMOVAL IS SOUGHT. CROP PLANTS ARE GROWN IN AN ARRAY OF DENSITIES TO DETERMINE YIELD AND GROWTH RATE ASA FUNCTION OF PLANT DENSITY. RESULTS OF THIS STUDY INDICATE THAT: 1) PRECISION PLANTING OF COATED LETTUCE SEED IS GREATLY FACILITATED BY SALT REMOVAL FROM THE SOIL SURFACE WITH SPRINKLER IRRIGATION. 2) SEED TAPES AND VERMICULITE WAFERS SHOW HIGHEST EMERGENCE UNDER SPRINKLER IRRIGATION BUT LOWEST IN FURROW IRRIGATION. 3) AVERAGE SALINITIES IN THE ROOT ZONE SHOW INCREASES OF 2 TO 4 TIMES THE CONCENTRATION OF THE SALINITY IN THE IRRIGATION WATER.

SPRINKLER IRRIGATION /PLANT POPULATIONS /WATER UTILIZATION /SALINITY /COLORADO RIVER /IMPERIAL VALLEY /CALIFORNIA

113 PUBLICATIONS: ROBINSON, F.E., D. CUDNEY, "USE OF SPRINKLERS TO STUDY THE INFLUËNCE ut' POPULATION DENSITY UPON SEED COTTON PhODUCTION IN AN ARID AREA," AGRON. J.

65:266 -6d, APRIL, 1973.. LEHMAN, W.F. ,F.E.ROBINSON, P.F. KNOWLES, Z.A. FLOCK, "SUNFLOWERS IN THE DESERT VALLEY AREAS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA," CAL. AGRIC. 27(8):12 -14, AUGUST, 1973. ROBINSON, F. °., K.S. MAYBERRY, J. JOHNSON, JR., "EMERGENCE AND YIELDS OF LETTUCE FROM COATED SEED," TRANS. AM. SOC. AGRI. ENG. 18(4) :650 -53, AUGUST 197

0200

PALO VERDE VALLEY PESTICIDE STUDY, JANUARY 16 -17, 1975.

HERRGESELL, P.L. CALIFORNIA DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME, 350 GOLDEN SHORE, LONG BEACH, CALIF. 90802

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1 -16 -75

THIS PROJECT WAS DESIGNED TO DETECT LEVELS OE PESTICIDES AND HEAVY METALS IN AGRICULTURAL DRAIN SEDIMENT AND BIOTA IN PALO VEPDE VALLEY. THE RESULTS OF THIS PRO JECf "SHOW THAT HIGHER CONCENTRATIONS OF PESTICIDES AND HEAVY METAL IS FOUND IN DOWNSTREAM AGRICULTURAL RETURN FLOW THAN IN SUPPLY WATER. IN THE CASE OF CARP, ACCUMULATIONS OF COPPER AND ZINC OCCURRED IN THE EDIBLE MUSCLE WHILE ACCUíMULATIONS OF MERCURY OCCURRED IN THE LIVER. WHILE NOT ALL THE METALS SHOWED BUILD-UP DOWNSTREAM, THEY ARE FOUND IN EVERY SEDIMENT SAMPLE OR ORGANISM. WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS SUBSTANTIATES THE INCREASED AMOUNT OF MATERIALS LEACHING INTO THE WATER AS IT PROGRESSED DOWNSTREAM. PESTICIDE ANALYSIS REVEALS THAT SOME PESTICIDES, SUCH AS LINDANE, MAY REMAIN IN THE SEDIMENT. THE RESULT OF LOW LEVELS OF PESTICIDES OF THIS STUDY MIGHT BE EXPLAINED BY THE SAMPLING PERIOD OF JANUARY,A PERIOD OF LOW LEVEL APPLICATION.

CALIFORNIA /PESTICIDES /HEAVY METALS /RETURN FLOW /SEDIMENTATION /BIOTA /SAMPLING

0201

SALINITY MANAGEMENT OPTIONS FOR THE COLORADO RIVER.

ANCERSON, J.C. /KLEINMAN, A.P. DEPT. OF ECONOMICS, UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY, LOGAN, UTAH/ ECONOMIC RESOURCES BRANCH, BUREAU OF RECLAMATION, BOULDER CITY, NEVADA

AREA(S)OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

CATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 73/5 -76

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 208,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION

114 GREAT CONCE,?U Hits BEEN EXPRESSED IN RECENT YEARS ABOoT THE PROGRESSIVE INC3ÄASE IN SALINITY OF THE COLORADO RIVER BY THOSE WHO DEPEND ON ITS EATRRS TO SUSTAIN A MYRIAD OF ECONOMIC AND AMENITY PURPOSES. THE WELL-BEING OF SOME USERS OF THE RIVER CONFLICTS WITH THE WELL -BEING OF OTHERS IN THE ERO9RAMS THAT CAN BE UNDERTAKEN TO CONTROL SALINITY. THUS,IT IS IMPERATIVE THAT MEASURES TO IMPROVE THE RIVER BE WELL- FOUNDED AND BASED ON SOUND CONCEPTS AND INFORMATION. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO IDENTIFY AND MEASURE. VARIOUS ASPECTS OF AN ECONOMICALLY EFFICIENT PROGRAM TO MANAGE THE INCREASED SALINITY OF THE COLORADO RIVER WATER. LINEAR PROGRAMMING IS USED TO ASCERTAIN THE IMPACT OF SALINITY II AGRICULTURAL WATER ON ALL PRODUCTION AREAS OF THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER BASIN. THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF POOR QUALITY WATER ON MUNICIPAL AND INDUSTRIAL USERS IS BEING DETERMINED FOR THE METROPOLITAN AREAS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, CENTRAL ARIZONA, AND LAS VEGAS, NEVADA. INVESTIGATIONS ARE PROCEEDING IN NONSTRUCTURAL SALINITY MANAGEMENT CONTROL PROGRAMS AND ASSOCIATED ECONOMIC IMPACTS USING LINEAR PROGRAMMING AND SIMULATION ANALYSIS. USING INPUT,- OUTPUT ANALYSIS AND SIMULATION OF THE RIVFR, INDIRECT ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CHANGES ARE BEING ESTIMATED. THE OUTCOME OF THIS STUDY IS A SOCIAL OPTIMAL PROGRAM FOR SALINITY MANAGEMENT, SPECIFYING RELATIONSHIPS AMONG FACTORS OF RIVER HYDROLOGY, AGRICULTURAL RESPONSES, ECONOMIC IMPACTS of! MUNICIPAL AND INDUSTRIAL, USES.

SALINITY /SIMULATION ANALYSIS /LINEAR PROGRAMMING /INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS/ CROP PRODUCTION /OPTIMIZATION /CALIFORNIA /COLORADO RIVER

0202

A REPORT ON AQUATIC RESOURCES ASSOCIATED WITH AGRICULTURAL DRAINS IN THE PALO VERDE IRRIGATION DISTRICT, COUNTY WATER DISTRICT AND IMPERIAL IRRIGATION DISTRICT.

9ERP.GESELL, P.L. CALIFORNIA DEPT. Of FISH AND GAME, 350 GOLDEN SHORE, LONG BEACH, CALIF. 90802,

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY IS TO DOCUMENT THE PRESENCE OF SIGNIFICANT AQUATIC RESOURES IN IRRIGATION RETURN FLOW DRAINS MANAGED 3y THE PALO VERDE IRRIGATION DISTRICT, COACHELLA VALLEY COUNTY WATER DISTRICT AND IMPERIAL IRRIGATION DISTRICT. THE RESULTS OF THIS STUDY ILLUSTRATE GEOGRAPHIC DIFFERENTIAL DISTRIBUTION OF AQUATIC RESOURCES. DISPLAYS THE MOST DIVERSE REPRESENTATION OF FISH SPECIES, A HEALTHY BALANCE BETWEEN GAME AND NONGAME SPECIES. IN THE COACHELLA VALLEY, SPECIES DIVERSITY DISAPPEARS. NONGAME FISH (CLUPEIDS, CYPRINIDS, CYPRINODONIDIDS AND POECILIIDS) OUTNU(13ERS GAME FISH. NUMEROUS MOLLIES AND CARP ARE FOUND AT NEARLY ALL STATIONS. IN THE IMPERIAL VALLEY, POPULATIONS AND SPECIES OF BOTH GAME AND NONGAME FISH ARE LOW.

AQUATIC FISH /RETURN FLOW /D ISTRIBUTION / POPULATION /CALIFORNIA / COACHELLA VALLEY/ IMPERIAL VALLEY /PALO VERDE VALLEY

0203 FACTORS AFFECTING FLOW OF SUBSOIL WATER INTO DRAINAGE FACILITIES.

CARRELL, G.H. SOIL SCIENCE & AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, ?IVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA 92507

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 2-4- 66/6 -30 -74

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: WATER RESOURCES, CALIFORNIA, NEVADA, ARIZONA

115 THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROJECT ARE TO DETERMINE COi1BINATIUN OF SOIL GPAIN SIZES MOST LIKELY TO PLUG A TILE JOINT; TO INVESTIGATE A WIDER VARIETY OF FILTER MATERIALS WHICH MAY BE USED IN PRACTICE TC REDUCE TILE JOINT PLUGGING AND TO EXPLORE OTHER SOIL FACTORS IN MODEL STUCIES WHICH MAY GIVE FURTHER LEADS RELATIVE TO THE GENERAL PROBLEM OF INEFFECTIVE TILE DRAINAGE IN THE COACHELLA VALLEY. MODEL DRAINAGE SYSTEMS ARE SET UP. THE TENDENCY FOR JOINT PLUGGING POTENTIAL OF VARIOUS SOIL STRUCTURE ANC MINERALOGICAL STATUS ARE EVALUATED. WATER CONDUCTIVITY AND COíMPACTIC:N PROPERTIES OE SOILS IN COACHELLA VALLEY AhE MEASURED. A LABORATORY DRAINAGE MODEL IS DEVELOPED. THE ENVELOPE MATERIAL USED IS TAKEN FROM THE OASIS GRAVEL PIT USED FOR PLACEMENT OF DRAINS IN THE COACHELLA VALLEY. THE MATERIAL IS NATURALLY GRACED IN THE SIZE RANGE OF 0.5% < .105 NM AND 1.2á > 6.35 MM. HOWEVER, THE PERCENTAGES OF LAPGE AND FINE PARTICLES VARIED CONSIDERABLY WITHIN THE PIT WHERE THE ENVELOPE MATERIAL IS OBTAINED. VARIOUS SAMPLES CONTAINING 5%,10A, 11% AND 25% OF FINE MATERIALS ARE SUBJECTED TO DRAINAGE RUNS. RESULTS INDICATE THAT FLOW RATES APE DECREASED WITH TIME FOR ALL ENVELOPE MATERIALS CONTAINING t0 TO 25% FINE. PARTICLES. THE OPENING IS NOT PLUGGED AND SOME PARTICLES ARE LODGED IN THE GAP. FROM THE VISUAL APPROACH, HYDRAULIC HEAD MEASUREMENTS ANC FLOW VELOCITIES, IT IS BELIEVED THAT A BRIDGING EFFECT ABOUT TdE GAP OPENING REDUCES FLOW RATE.

DRAINAGE /SOILS /"PILE / HYDRAULLC CONDUCTIVITY /SOIL COMPACTION /SOIL TEXTURE / CALIFORNIA

0204

SALTON SEA PROJECT, STATE-FEDERAL FEASIBILITY REPORT, APRIL 1974.

PECK, A.J. U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION, P.O. BOX 427, BOULDER CITY, NEVADA 89005

AREA(S) OP RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1972/1973

LEVEL OF FUNDING: E 26,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. DEPT OF INTERIOR CALIFORNIA RESOURCES AGENCY

THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY IS TO DEVELOP A FEASIBILITY REPORT TO SPECIFY MEANS TO SOLVE THE INCREASING SALINITY PROBLEM AT SALTON SEA. THE SALTON SEA IS A 3360 SQUARE -MILE SALTWATER LAKE ABOUT 230 FEET BELOW SEA LEVEL. IT SERVES AS A SUMP FOR, AND IS MAINTAINED BY AGRICULTURAL DRAINAGE FROM THE IMPERIAL AND COACHELLA VALLEYS. SEVERAL ADVERSE PROBLEMS HAVE EMERGED. THE SEA'S CONTINUED USE AS A MAJOR FISH AND WILDLIFE HABITAT dAS BEEN THREATENED BY INFLOW OF SALTS INCREASING SALINITY. ALSO, LOCAL FISH KILLS ANC ODOR PROBLEMS HAVE BEEN CAUSED BY THE RESULTS OF LARGE NUTRIENT INFLOW. PHE JOINT EFFORTS OF U.S. DEPT. OF INTERIOR AND CALIFORNIA WATER AGENCY COMPLETED A FEASIBILITY REPORT IN APRIL 1974. A 40- SQUARE -_MILE DIKED EVAPORATION AREA COSTING 58,000,000 DOLLARS IS RECOMMENDED.

CALIFORNIA /SALINITY /NUPP.IENTS /RFTURN FLOW /DIKES /EVAPORATION /COACHELLA VALLEY/ IMPERIAL VALLEY

PUELICATIONS:

SALTON SEA PROJECT, FEDERAL -STATE FEASIBILITY REPORT, APRIL 1974 (NOT YET RELEASED BY DEPT. OF INTERIOR).

116 0205

MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR SALT -AFFECTED CROPS AND SOILS IN IMPERIAL VALLEY.

MACKENZIE, A.J. /KADDIH, M.T. /GRASS, L.B. WATER RESOURCES, 4151 HIGHWAY 86, BRAWLEY, CALIF0 NIA 92227

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 4 -4- 68/2 -15 -79

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: WATER RESOURCES, CALIFORNIA, NEVADA, ARIZONA

THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS RESEARCH ARE TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTS OF DEEP TILLAGEf CROP ROOTING HABITS AND WATER MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR SOIL SALINITY RECLAMATION AND CONTROL FOR CROPS GROWN ON SALT -AFFECTED SOILS. LABORATORY, FIhLD AND GREENHOUSE STUDIES ARE PERFORMED TO EVALUATE SALT REMOVAL AND DISTRIBUTION IN THE LOW WATER INTAKE -STRATIFIED ALLUVIAL SOILS OF IMPERIAL VALLEY. PR3FILE MODIFICATION, WATER QUALITY, ANC CROP ROOTING PRACTICES ARE EVALUATED FOR IMPROVED WATER INTAKE AND SALINITY REMOVAL ON A SHORT AND LONG TERM BASIS. MEASUREMENTS SUCH AS SOIL SALINITY COMPOSITION AND DISTRIBUTION, SOIL WATER INTAKE RATE, BULK DENSITY, SOIL PENETROMETER RESISTANCE, PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION, AND CROP YIELD AND ROOT GROWTH ARE MADE TO EVALUATE TREATMENT EFFECTS. RESULTS SHOW: 1) HOLTVILLE, VINT, INDIO, IMPERIAL -GLENBAR SOILS HAVE AN AVERAGE ROOT ZONE SALINITY AT 5.6 MMHOS /CM WITH 8.55 LEACHING FRACTION; 2)IMPERIAL AND MELOLAND SOILS HAVE ROOT ZONE SALINITY AT 9.3 MMHOS/ CM WITH 2.7A LEACHING FRACTION; 3)RESTRICTING ROOT DEVELOPMENT AND PLANT GROWTH IN THE FINE SANDY STRATIFIED ROSITAS SOIL WITH 2.5 TO 7.5 CM /HR WATER INFILTRATION CAN BE ACCOUNTED FOR BY THE MECHANICAL IMPEDANCE TO ROOT PENETRATION; 4) CROP YIELD ON RICE DURING WATER PONDING PERIOD FOR SALINE RECLAMATION IS ECONOMICALLY PROFITA3LE; 5)SALT TOLERANCE FOR RICE INCREASES GRADUALLY FROM REPRODUCTIVE TO FLOWERING STAGES.

MANAGEMENT /SALT TOLERANCE /SOIL MANAGEMENT /CULTIVATION /ROOT DISTRIBUTION/ WATER MANAGEMENT(APPLIED) /LAND RECLAMATION /SOIL-WATER -PLANT RELATIONSHIPS/ CROP PRODUCTION /WATER QUALITY /SALINITY

PU DLICATIONS: KADDAH, M.T., "THE HYDROMETER METHOD FOR DETAILED PARTICLE SIZE ANALYSIS: I. GRAPHICAL INTERPRETATION OF HYDROMETER READINGS AND TEST OF METHODS," SOIL. SCIENCE 118, 102 -108, 1974.

0205

FAUNA STUDIES IN THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER i3ASIN.

MULLA, M.S. DEPT. OF ENTOMOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA 92502

AREA(S) OP RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROJECT ARE TO ELUCIDATE THE BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF BITING FLIES AND BLACK FLIES (SIMULIUM VITTATUM)IN THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER BELOW DAVIS DAM AND TO DEVELOP CONTROL METHODS FOR THESE ORGANISMS. AN INVENTORY OF THE INVERTEBRATE FAUNA IN THE AREA IS BEING CONDUCTED. SAMPLING TECHNIQUES ARE APPLIED TO THE YEAR -ROUND ANALYSIS OF FAUNA POPULATION. FINALLY, PROGRAMS ARE DEVELOPED TO CONTROL FAUNA POPULATION. ANALYSIS OF FAUNA POPULATION INDICATES THAT 1) THEY ARE PREVALENT THROUGHOUT THE YEAR; 2) POPULATION BECOMES DENSEST IN THE SUMMER MONTHS BUT CONTRACTS IN COOLER MONTHS; 3) IN TuE COOLER MONTHS, FLIES CI$PER3E FAR AWAY FROM THE COLORADO RIVER, APPROXIAATELY 40 TO 50 MILES AWAY.

DAVIS DATI /ARIZONA /CALIFORNIA /NE VADA / FAUNA / CONTROL /CENSUS /SAi3PLING /POPULATION/ COLORADO RIVER

117 0207

CONTROL OF PHREATOPHYTE TRANSPIRATION BY ANTITRANSPIRANTS.

HAGAN, R.M. /DAVENPORT, D.C. LAWR: WATER SCIENCE .6ENGINEERING, UNIV. OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS, CALIF. 95616

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SAN FRANCISCO BAY

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1- 74/630 -77

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 46,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: Q.S. EUREAU OF RECLAMATION

THE PURPOSE OF THIS RESEARCH IS TO ACHIEVE WATER CONSERVATION VIA ANTITRANS- PIRANT SPRAY FOR CONTROLLING PHREATOPHYTE TRANSPIRATION. PHREATOPHYTE USES 30,000,000,000 CUBIC METERS OF WATER PER YEAR IN THE WESTERN Q.S. TO REDUCE WATER LOSS, A WAX -BASED ANTITRANSPIRANT (AT)IS SPRAYED ON PHREATOPHYTE FOLIAGE BYAIR. SPRAY COVERAGE IS ASSESSED BY MARKER TAGS IN THE CANOPIES AND BY SCANNING ELECTRO MICROGRAPHS OF THE FOLIAGE. INITIAL STUDIES SHOW "AT" SPRAYS PROVIDE A MORE ECOLOGICAL MEANS OF WATER CONSERVATION THAN THE ERADICATION OPT THESE PLANTS. TRANSPIRATION OF THREE PHREATCPHYTE'SPECIES IN POTS IS REDUCED BY 35 -75% ONE DAY AFTER SPRAYING, AND 15-554 AFTER FOUR DAYS. IN SMALL -SCALE TRIALS ON SALT CEDAR IN THE FIELD, "AT" SUESTANTIALLY INCREASES LEAF DIFFUSIVE RESISTANCE, AND REDUCES TRANSPIRATION. FURTHERMORE, "AT" CONSEhVED WATER HORE EFFECTIVELY WHEN APPLIED TO THE OUTER PART OF THE CANOPY THAN TO THE INNER SHADE FOLIAGE. FINALLY, SPRAYING "AT" ON PHREATOPHYTES BY AIE IS SATISFACTORY.

PHREATOPHYTES /ANTITRANSPIRANTS /TRANSPIRATION /CONTROL /WATER CONSERVATION/ DIFFUSIVITY /ELECTRON MICROSCOPY /ECOLOGY /CALIFORNIA /NEVADA

PUBLICATIONS:

DAVENPORT, D.C., M.A. FISHER, R.M. HAGAN, P.E. HARTIN, AND E.E. ROBERTS, REPORTS TO USBR, SACRAMENTO, CALIF. (CONTRACT NO.14 -06- 200- 6071A); DEPT. LAWR: WATER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OE CALIFORNIA, DAVIS. A)"CONTROL OF PHREATOPHYTE TRANSPIRATION BY ANTITRANSPIRANTS," ABSTRACT OF RESEARCH ON PHREATOPHYTES, 1972-1974. B.) INVESTIGATIONS ON AERIAL APPLICATION OF ANTI- TRANSPIRANTS UN PHREATOPHYTES (1974). C) "INVESTIGATIONS ON APPLICATIONS OF ANTITRANSPIRANTS BY HELICOPTER ON SALT CEDAR (TAMARIX TETRANDA) AT CACHE CREEK, CALIF. 1374(1975).

0208

INVENTORY STUDY OF FISH AND WILDLIFE RESOURCES AND HABITAT IN AND ADJACENT TO THE UPPER 49 HILES AND PONDED AREA OF THE COACHELLA CANAL.

PO WELL, R.E. 141 S. BROAD4AY, BLITHE, CALIFORNIA 92225

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 10- 74/11 -74

LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 27,000

118 THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO PROVIDE A DATA BANK OF INVENTORY INFORMATION ON THE SPECIES OF FISH AND WILDLIFE, THEIR APPROXIMATE POPULATION DENSITIES AND THE TY ?E OF HABITATS THEY OCCUPY LN AND ADJACENT TO THE UPPER 49 MILES AND POt.DED .REA OF THE COACHELLA CANAL. RESEARCH PROCEDURES ENTAIL THE FOLLOWING STEPS. FIRST, DELINEATE THE HABITAT TYPES PRESENT IN THE STUDY AREA. SECOND, DETERMINE THE EXISTING FISHERY RESOURCES, INCLUDING REPTILE AND AMPHIBIANS WHICH ARE DEPENDENT UPON THE HABITAT ASSOCIATED WITH THE STUDY AREAS. THIRD, DETERMINE THE EXISTING WILDLIFE RESOURCES, INCLUDING SMALL ANIMALS, BIRDS AND ANY RARE ANDVR ENDANGERED SPfCIFS WHICH ARE DEPENDENT UPON THE HABITATS IN THE STUDY AREA. THE MAJOR TECHNIQUES USED IN TITIS STUDY ARE THE FOLLOWING: REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE; CONTACT PERSONS FROM AGENCIES AND INSTITUTIONS; SAMPLING AND DATA COLLECTIONS OF THE FISHERY RESOURCES BY GILL NET, SEINING, ELECTRO- SHOCKING AND CHEMICAL TREATMENT.

AQUATIC ENVIRON: PENT /HABITATS /3&LDLIFE /COACHEL LA CANAL /CALIFORNIA

0209

SUNDESERT NUCLEAR POWER PLANT.

SAN DIEGO GAS AND ELECTRIC COMPPIT NUCLEAR DEPARTMENT, P.O.BOX 1831, Sip DIEGO, ÇALIFORNIA 92112

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 12- 74 /CQNTINUING

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 1,087,000000 (INCLUDTS CONSTRUCTION COSTS IN 1975 DOLLARS) THERE ARE FOUR ;MAJOR OBJECTIVES TO SUNDESERT NUCLEAR POWfR PLANT PROJECT AT PALO VERDE MESA: 1) DERIVE COOLING WATER FOR THE PLAN WITHOUT DEGRADING THE QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF COLORADO RIVER WATER; 2) SEARCH FOR AN OPTIMUM COOLING WATER SYSTEM; 3)MIRIAIZE WASTE WATER BLOWDOWN FROM THE SYSTEM TO THE COLORADO RIVER OR GROUNDWATER RESOURCES; 4)INSURE PROTECTION AGAINST AN ENCROACHMENT ON THE EXISTING AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY AND THE PALO VERDE IRRIGATION DISTRICT'S WATE3 RIGHTS. TO ACCOMPLISH THE ABOVE OB,3EÇTIVXS, THE PROJECT ENTAILS. THE FOLLOWING PROCEDURES: 1) TWO WESTINGHOUSE POWER UNITS OF 950 MWE RATING ARE BEING BUILT; 2)SAN DIEGO GASANDELECTRIC COMPANY PURCHASES COOLING WATER FROM MtTROPOLITAN WATER DISTRICT OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA AND UTILIZES IRRIGATION WASTE WATER FROM PALO VERDE OUTFLOW DRAIN; 3) VARIOUS TYPES OF COOLING SYSTEMS ARE EVALUATED; 4) SETTLING EVAPORATION PONDS ARE CONSTRUCTED; 5) FARM MANAGE- MENT PLANS ARE IMPLEMENTED; 6) VARIOUS GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES' APPROVAL IS SECURED. RESULTS INDICATE THAT: 1) PURCHASE& COOLING WATER HELPS TO REMOVE 44,200 TONS OF SALT PER YEAR FROM THE COLORADO RIVER; 2) A COMBINATION OF THE WET-DRY COOLING TOWER METHOD APPEARS TO BE THE OPTIMUM COOLING SYSTEM; 3) THIS PROJECT REDUCES THE SALINITY OF THE COLORACO RIVER WATER AT IMPERIAL DAM BY ABOUT 20 PPM OF TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS; 4)DIVERSION OF COOLING WATER DOES NOT SIGNIFICANTLY IMPAIR THE RECREATION USE OR OTHER USES ALONG THE PALO VERDE OUTFLOW DRAINS; 5)THIS PROJECT STRENGTHENS THE WATER RIGHTS OF THE PALO VERDE IRRIGATION DISTRICT.

SALINITY /RECREATION /WATER RIGç1TS /SUNDESERT NUCLEAR POWER PLANT /CALIFORNIA/ COOLING WATER /WASTE WATER DISPOSAL /RETURN FLOW /FARM MANAGEMENT /COOLING TOWER

PUELICATIONS: ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT (ER) TO BE PUBLISHED OCTOBER 1976 FOR SUBMITTAL TO U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION. EARLY SITE REVIEW REPORT (ESRR), JUNE 1975; PALO VERDE VALLEY DISTRICT LIBRARY, BLYTHE, CALIFORNIA. NOTICE OF INTENTION F03 SUNDESERT NUCLEAR PROJECT--SUBMITTED TO CALIFORNIA STATE ENERGY RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT COMMISSION, FEBRUARY 13, 1975. DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT - By CALIF. PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION FOR APPROVAL OF WATER SUPPLY AGtEiMENTS, JANUARY 1976.

119 0210

A LI:1NOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER..

HER2GESELL, P.L. /PICKARD, A. CALIFORNIA DEPT. OF FISH A-ND GAME, .350 GOLDEN SHORE, LONG BEACH, CALIF. 90802

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1-1-76/12-31-76

LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 10,224

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION CALIFORNIA DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME

THE PURPOSES OF THIS STUDY ARE. TWO FOLD. FIRST THE STUDY DEVELOPS BASIC LIMNOLOGICAL INFORMATION URGENTLY NEEDED FOR THE EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT AND PROTECTION OF AQUATIC RESOURCES FROM dAN- CAUSEC IMPACTS ON THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER. SECONDLY, THE STUDY DEVELOPS INFORMATION REQUIRED BY PUBLIC LAW 92-500 TO ESTABLISH THE TROPHIC CONDITION OF LAKES IN THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER. THE STUDY PROCEDURE INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING ASPECTS: FIRST, REVIEW ALL AVAILABLE LITERATURE; SECOND, DETERMINE THE PRIMARY PROCUCTIVITY, AND STANDING ALGAL CROP OF THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER INCLUDING SELECTED BACKWATER LAKES; THIRD, DETERMINE BASIC LIINOLOGICAL DATA ON THE LOWER CCLCRADO RIVER AND BACKWATER LAKES. THE FINAL REPORT OF THIS PROJECT WILL BE SUBMITTED TO THE BUREAU OF RECLAMATION BY DECEMBER, 1976.

CALIFORNIA /DACKWATER /TROPHIC LEVEL /LIMNOLOGY /MANAGEMENT /AQUATIC RESOURCES

0211

AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF OPTIMAL INVESTMENT SCHEDULING FOR SALINITY CONTROL IN THE COLORADO RIVER.

ERLENKOTTER, D. /SCHERER, C.R. GRADUATE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT /SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90024

AREAS) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA NEVADA CALIFORNIA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 74/9 -76

LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 100,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT WATER RESOURCES CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA

THE OBJECTIVE IS TO DEVELOP AND IMPLEMENT A FRAMEWORK FOR SCHEDULING SALINITY CONTROL PROJECTS OVER TIME ON THE COLORADO RIVER SO AS TO MINIMIZE CCNTROL COSTS PLUS DOWNSTREAM DAMAGES ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASING SALINITY IF CONTROL MEASURES ARE NOT TAKEN. MATHEMATICAL OPTIMIZING YODELS ARE FORMULATED AND SOLVED USING DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING AND MIXED- INTEGER PROGRAMMING. SALINITY PROFILE ALONG THE RIVER FOR SEVERAL FIVE -YEAR PEIIODS (FROM 1975 TO 2010) IS AN ENDOGENEOUS DECISION VARIABLE. TECHNICAL COEFFICIENTS RELATING UPSTREAM DIVERSIONS AND SALINITY CONTROL ACTIVITY TO DOWNSTREAM SALINITY ARE COMPUTED USING A DETERMINISTIC DIGITAL SIMULATION ROUTINE. ECONOMIC AND HYDRO- SALINITY DATA FROM THE U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION AND CALIFORNIA COLORADO RIVER BOARD ARE USED IN IMPLEMENTING THE MODELS. RESULTS ARE NOT YET AVAILABLF.

SALINITY/OPTIMIZATION/ECONOMICS/INVESTMENT PLANNING /COLORADO RIVER /MANAGE ;TENT/ WATER QUALITY

120 PUBLICATIONS: EELENKOTTER, D, AND C.d. SCHERER, "INVESTMENT PLANNING FOR COLORADO RIVER SALINITY CONTROL," SEMINAR ON COLORADO RIVER BASIN MODELING STUDIES, UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY, LOGAN, UTAH, JULY 16,1975. SCHERER, C.3 "WATER ALLOCATION AND PRICING FCR CONTROL OF IRRIGATION-RELATED SALINITY IN A RIVER BASIN," TO APPEAR IN WATER RESONECES RESEARCH. ERLENKOTTER, D.AND S.S. ROGERS, "SEQUENCING COMPETITIVE EXPANSION PROJECTS," JUNE 1975, SU3MITTED TO OPERATIONS RESEARCH,

0212

MASS TRANSPORT OF ELECTROLYTES IN MEMBRANES.

BTiNNION, D.E. UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, $532 BOELTER HALL, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90024

AREA (S)OF ¡RESEARCH: ARIZONA NEVADA CALIFORNIA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1964 /CONTINUING

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 6000 ANNUM SUPPORTING AGENCIES: CALIFORNIA, STATE OF

IN RESPONSE TO THE SALINITY PROBLEM Of COLORADO RIVE?Ç WATER, SEVERAL FIELD TESTS ARE BEING CONDUCTED BY THE CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES TO EVALUATE THE VARIOUS REVERSE OSMOSIS MODULAR DESIGNS THAT iRE BEING CONSIDERED FOR DESALTING PLANTS. GERMAINE TO T:1E REVERSE OSMOSIS PROCESS fOR DrMINERAL- IZING WATER IS THE USE OF THE SEMI- PERMEABLE MEMBRANE. THIS PROJECT IS TD INVESTIGATE MASS TRANSPORT OF ELECTROLYTES IN SEMI -PERMEABLE REVERSE OSMOTIC MEMBRANES FOR WATER TREATMENT. MEASUREMENT Of THE ALKALINE EARTH SERIES AN CONFIRMATION OF THE ABOVE SERIES USING TRANSFERENCE NUMBER AND ELECTEICA7( POTENTIAL TESTS HAVE BEEN COMPLETED. THEORETICAL INTERPRETATION IS 'NOW IN PROGRESS. STUDIES TO CORRELATE OBSERVED íMOBILITY VARIATIONS WITH MEMBRANE AND ION MOLECULAR PROPERTIES ARE BEING STARTED, FURTHER INVESTIGETIQNS OF MIXED ELECTROLYTE TRANSPORT PROPERTIES AND PREDICTIONS FROM SINGLE SALT MEASUREMENTS ARE TO BE CONTINUED. NEW, MORE ACCURATE EQUIPMENT IS N04 COMPLETED AND BEING USED:

CALIFORNIA /REVERSE OSMOSIS /ION TRANSPORT /SALINITY /$EMI- PERMEADLF MEMBRANES/ WATER TREATMENT

PUBLICATIONS: BENNION, D.N. AND B.A. RHEE, "MASS TRANSPORT 9F BINARY ELECTROLYTES IN MEMBRANES, CONCENTRATION DEPENDENCE FOR SODIUM CHLORIDE TRANSPORT IN CELLULOSE ACETATE," IND, ENG, CHEM, FUNDAMENTALS, 8,36 -49 (1969). JOHNSON, J.S.AN,) D.N. BENNION, !'MASS TRANSPORT IN REVERSE OSMOSIS MEMBRANES," CHEM. ENS. PROGR. SYMP. SES., 64(90), 27Q -9,(1968). OSBORN, J.C. AND D.N. BENNION, "MASS TRANSFER OF BINARY ELECTROLYTES IN MEMBRANE AT HIGH CONCENTRATIONS," IND. ENG.'CHEM, FUNDAMENTALS, 273 -d0 (1971) .

0213

IMPACT OF ADDITIONAL HIGH QUALITY WATER ON RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT.

HET. :iFG, O.J. DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS, CALIFORNIA 95616

121 AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SOUTH COASTAL

DATES OF RESEARC1: 7 -1- 76/6 -30 -77

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 13,820

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OW3T

THIS RESEARCH PROPOSES TO INVESTIGATE THE IMPACT OF INTRODUCING VARIOUS QUANTITIES OF HIGH QUALITY WATER INTO THE SAN LUIS RcY RIVER BASIN, WHICH IS A STREAM -AQUIFER SYSTEM IN A SEMI -ARID AREA. ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES USED IN THIS STUDY INCLUDE NEWLY DEVELOPED WATER QUALITY AND QUANTITY MODELS AND THE ACCELERATED SALT TRANSPORT (ASTRAN) METHOD. THE ECONOMIC AND THE ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS OF THE HIGH QUALITY WATER ARE EXAMINED ALONG WITH SECCNDARY EFFECTS ON THE PARTIES INVOLVED IN WATER RIGHTS SUITS.

CALIFORNIA /WATER QUALITY /WATER POLLUTION / ECONCMIC IMPACT /ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS /GROUNDWATER /STREAMS /AQUIFER MANAGEMENT

PUELICATIONS:

HELVEG, O.J., J.E. LABADIE, AND W.A. HALL, "THE ACCELERATED SALT TRANSPORT METHOD FOR MANAGING GROUNDWATER QUALITY," WATER RESOURCES BULLETIN (SUBMITTED FOR PUBLICATION). HELVEG, O.J. AND J.W. LABADIE,- "A SALINITY MANAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR STREAM - AQUIFER SYSTEMS," COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY HYDROLOGY PAPER (IN PRESS).

0214

THE RECLAMATION OF THE IMPERIAL VALLEY.

SMITH, K.J. 5704 SMITH ROAD, CALIPATRIA, CALIFORNIA 92233

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

THIS PROJECT IS CONCERNED WITH THE HISTORY OF THE IMPERIAL VALLEY AND HOW ITS RECLAMATION OCCURRED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF A PRIVATE CORPORATION, THE CALIFORNIA DEVELOPMENT COMPANY. IT ENCOMPASSES THE DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED By THE COMPANY; THE LEGALITY OF EXPROPRIATION OF COLORADO RIVER WATER, PROBLEMS WITH THE MEXICAN GOVERNMENT, AND CONFLICT WITH TEE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT AND THE UNITED STATES BUREAU OF RECLAMATION. THE DISASTROUS FLOODS OF 1905 -06 ANE COVERED; THE FINANCIAL PROBLEMS I'T CAUSED THE CALIFORNIA DEVELCPMENT COMPANY AND THE RESULTING ASSISTANCE FROM THE SOUTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD COMPANY.

CALIFORNIA /IMPERIAL VALLEY /RECLAMATION /HISTORY

0215

EFFECTS OF SALINITY JN CITRUS BEHAVIOR.

BINGHAM, F.T. SOIL SCIENCE & AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA 92507

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 6- 23- 42/7 -1 -74

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: WATER 3ESOURCES, CALIFORNIA, NEVADA, ARIZONA

122 THIS PROJECT INVESTIGATES THE SALINITY TOLERANCE LEVEL OF CITRUS IN FIELD CONDITIONS WHERE DIFFERENT QUALITY OF IRRIGATION WATERS ARE USED TO CREATE DIFFERENTIAL SALINITY CONDITIONS IN THE SOIL. VALENCIA TREES BUDDED ON. TROYER ROOTSTOCK ARE USED IN THE FIELD STUDIES. THE FOLLOWING FOUR DIFFERENT QUALITY IRRIGATION WATER REPRESENTING VARIOUS SALINITY LEVELS ARE APPLIED: 1) WATER OF EXCELLENT QUALITY; 2) WATER OF THE IONIC COMPOSITION OF COLORADO RIVER WATER; 3) WATER SYNTHESIZED TO APPROXIMATE TWICE THE IONIC COMPOSITION OF COLORADO RIVES WATER; AND 4)WATER SYNTHESIZED TO APPROXIMATE 220 PPM CHLORINE, LOW SULFURIC ACID, WITH A 50 -50 SODIUM-CALCIQM RATIO.SALT BALANCE DATA ARE PREPARED AND RESULTS ARE PUBLISHED.

SALT TOLERANCE /CITRUS FRUITS /WATER QUALITY /IRRIGATION WATER /SALINITY/ COLORADO RIVER /SALT BALANCE /CALIFORNIA

PUBLICATIONS:

BINGHAM, F.P., R.J. MAHLER, J.PARRA AND L.H. STOLZY, "LONG TERM EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION- SALINITY MANAGEMENT ON A VALENCIA CRANGE ORCHARD," SOIL SCI. 117e 369 -377, 1974.

0216

SOIL PHYSICAL CONDITIONS IN RELATION TO IRRIGATION.

CANNELL, G.H. /STOLZY, L.H. SOIL SCIENCE AND AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA 92507

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 6 -22 -53/6 -30-72

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: WATER RESOURCES, CALIFORNIA, NEVADA, ARIZONA

THERE ARE TWO MAJOR OBJECTIVES TO THIS PROJECT: 1)DEVELOP AND IMPROVE TECHNIQUES FOR CHARACTERIZING AND MEASURING PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL IN RELATION TO PLANT GROWTH IN COACHELLA VALLEY; 2) EVALUATE THE MECHANISM FOE WATER ENTRY, AGGREGATION AND MOVEMENT IN SOILS. COMPACTED BULK DENSITY AND HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY ARE USED TO EVALUATE THE EFFECTS OF CHEMICAL AMENDMENTS ANDS SOIL IMPROVING PRACTICES. EFFECTS OF FURROW AND SPRINKLER IRRIGATION ON CITRUS ARE COMPARED. WHEN LEACHING IS REQUIRED, OXYGEN REQUIREMENT FOR SOIL AERATION IS MEASURED. GREENHOUSE AND LABORATORY STUDIES CN ROOT ACTIVITIES ARE CONDUCTED. SIX P-N FUNCTION DIODES, CALIBRATED IN AIR PRESSURE CHAMBERS ARE USED TO MEASURE WATER FLOW IN DEEP SOIL. A GIEDINGS HYDRAULIC SOIL SAMPLER IS USED AS AN AID IN PROFILE DESCRIPTION AND FOR INSTRUMENT PLACEMENT FOR THE DIODES AND IN CONNECTION WITH NEUTRON MODERATION EQUIPMENT. FIELD STUDIES IN COACHELLA VALLEY SHOW THAT CITRUS ROOTS ARE CONCENTRATED IN THE FINE TEXTURED LAYERS OF SOIL WHICH LIE BELOW THE COARSE TEXTURED LAYER. WITH CCCASSIONAL EXCEPTION, NO ROOTS ASE FOUND IN THE COARSE TEXTURED LAYER.

FURROW IRRIGATION /SPRINKLER IRRIGATION /SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES /PLANT GROWTH/ CALIFORNIA /SOIL-WATER -PLANT RELATIONSHIPS /LEACHING /AERATION /SOIL PROFILE/ ROOT DISTRIBUTION

0217

STUDY OF COPPER USED AS AN ALGICIDE

SWADER, J.A. PLANT SCIENCE, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA 92507

123 AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 11- 15- 71/5 -30 -75

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: WATER RESOURCES, CALIFORNIA, NEVADA, ARIZONA

THIS PROJECT IS TO INVESTIGATE THE USE OF COPPER AS AN ALGICIDE IN THE WATER OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA RECPEATIO.v LAKES; TO ENHANCE NATURAL BEAUTY, RECREATIONAL USE, AND REDUCE POTENTIAL POLLUTICN PROBLEMS. PRESUMABLY COPPER CAN BE USED AS AN ALGICIDE IN THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER BASIN. CHELATING AGENTS SUCH AS THE DIAMINE AND TRIETHANOLAMINE SALTS ARF USED TO KEEP HIGHER RATES OF COPPER IN SOLUTION. THE EFFECT OF COPPER ON THE GROWTH, METABOLIC ACTIVITY, AND ULTRASTRUCTURE OF CHLORELLA,(A UNICELLULAR ALGAE) ARE STUDIED. THE ION CONTENT OF LAKES AND PONDS ARE DETER1INED. EFFECT OF IONS, CHELATING AGENTS ON THE SOLUBILITY AND TOXICITY OF COPPER ARE OBSERVED. RESULTS INDICATE: 1) THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF CHLORELLA SOROKINIANA IS AFFECTED BY INCUBATING THE ALGAEL CELLS IN CUPRIC SULFATE; 2)CUPRIC ION INHIBITION OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN INTACT ALGAL CELLS IS OBSERVED MUCH SOONER AND AT LOWER CUPRIC ION CONCENTRATION THAN THAT REQUIRED FOR MEMBRANE DETERIORATION; AND 3) CUPRIC ION INHIBITION OF BIOCHEMICAL REACTIONS OCCUR BEFORE A BREAKDOWN OF CELLULAR MEMBRANE CAN BE DETECTED WITH AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPE.

ALGICIDE /COPPER /IONS /RECREATION/ LAKES /WATER POLLUTICN /ALGAE /CHELATION/ TOXICITY /METABOLISM/ PHOTOSYNTHESIS /ME'1BRANES /BICCHEMISTRY /ELECTRON MICROSCOPY

PUBLICATIONS:

CEDENO- MALDONADO, A., AND J.A. SWADDER, "STUDIES ON THE MECHANISM OF COPPER TOXICITY IN CHLORELLA," WEED SCI. 22, 443 -49, 1974.

0218 THE USE OF INTERFACE -ENHANCED VERTICAL TUBE EVAPORATION, FOAM FRACTIONATION AND ION EXCHANGE TO IMPROVE POWER PLANT COOLING WITH AGRICULTURAL WASTEWATER,

SEPHTON, H.H. UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SEA WATER CONVERSION LABORATORY,1301 S.46TH ST., RICHMOND, CALIFORNIA 94804

AREA (S)OF RESEARCH: DELTA- CENTRAL SIERRA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 6 -15- 75/10 -15 -77

LEVEL OF FUNDING: 1 592,000,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: CALIFORNIA DEPT. OF WATER RESOURCES SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON PACIFIC GAS AND ELECTRIC LOS ANGELES DEPT. OF WATER AND POWER ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE THE. OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO EVALUATE THE FEASIBILITY AND ECONOMICS OF USING AGRICULTURAL WASTE WATER (AG WW)FOR POWER PLANT COOLING IN THE SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY. TO ACCOMPLISH THE ABOVE OBJECTIVE, THE FOLLOWING PROCEDURES ARE TAKEN. FIRST, AG WW IS PRESOFTENED BYAl. ION EXCHANGE RESIN. SECOND, SOFTENED AG WW IS USED AS THE FEED FOR A POWER PLANT COOLING TOWER AND CONDENSOR WHEREBY A 5 -TO 10 -FOLD CONCENTRATED BLOWDOWN FROM THE COOLING TOWER IS FURTHER CONCENTRATED TO AN OVERALL LEVEL OF 20-FOLD BY INTERFACE-ENHANCED VERTICAL TUBE EVAPORATION(A NOVEL TECHNIQUE UTILIZING A SELECTED SURFACTANT ADDITIVE). FINALLY, THIS 20 -FOLD CONCENTRATED SOFTENED AG +iW IS USED TO REGENERATE THE ION EXCHANGE RESIN.

CALIFORNIA /RETURN FLOW /POWER PLANT COOLING /EVAPORATION /ECONOMICS /ION EXCHANGE

124 0219

IRRIGATION WATER MANAGEMENT AND EVAPOTRANSPIRATION IN I:IPERIAL VALLEY.

MACKENZIE, A. J./EHLIG, C. F./HERiISMEIER, L. F. WATER RESOURCES, 4151 HIGH'WAY 86, BRAWLEY, CALIFORNIA 92227

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 4- 1- 68/11 -15 -78

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: WATER RESOURCES, CALIFORNIA, NEVADA, ARIZONA

THIS PROJECT HAS TWO MAJOR OBJECTIVES. FIRST, DETERMINE OPTIMUM WATER MANAGEMENT PRACTICES RELATED TO SOIL TYPE, WATER QUALITY, CROP WATER INTAKE CAPABILITY, WATER RESOURCE PROTECTION, AND ROOT ZONE WATER STORAGE CAPACITY FOR VARIOUS IRRIGATION METHODS. SECOND, RELATE WATER CONSUÜPTION TO CLIMATE AND ENERGY BUDGET FACTORS. THE PROCEDURES ARE AS FOLLOWS: TO DETERMINE PROPER TIMING AND AMOUNT OF IRRIGATION FOR EFFICIENT USE OF WATER SUPPLIES USING LYSIMETERS; TO DEVELOP METHODS FOR RELATING WATER INTAKE RATES, WATER HOLDING CAPACITIES AND INTERNAL TRANS!IISSION RATES OF WATER IN DIFFERENT SOILS; TO DEVELOP DATA ON ENERGY BUDGET, PREDICTION METHODS FOR WATER AND MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS OF CROPS AND METHODS AND PROCEDURES FOR APPLYING WATER EFFICIENTLY BY CURRENT AND NEW IRRIGATION METHODS. THE RESULTS SHOW: 1) EVAPOTRANSPIRATION BY A WELL WATERED CROP OF SUGARBEETS IS 46 INCHES DURING THE GROWING SEASON FROM OCTOBER TO JULY (278 DAYS) AND COMPARISON WITH A STANDARD U.S. WEATHER BUREAU EVAPOdATION PAN SHOWS THAT FROM DECEMBER TO JULY THE CROP'S EVAPOTRANS- PIRATION AVERAGES 0.66 PAN EVAPORATION; 2)VARYING WATER APPLICATION TO BEETS FROM 10% ABOVE TO 404 BELOW EVAPOTRANSPIRATION MADE NO DIFFERENCE IN YIELD OR SUCROSE %AL' TWO HARVEST DATES; 3)GERMINATION PERCENTAGE OF LETTUCE AT 7 DAYE IS HIGHER IN SPRINKLED PLOTS (72?)THAN FROM IRRIGATED PLOTS(274); 4) CONTINU, ATION OF SPRINKLER IRRIGATION ALONE (67%) OR FURROW IRRIGATION (51%1; 5) DRIP IRRIGATION CONTROLLED SOIL WATER TENSION PRODUCES HIGHEST ALFAFLA SEED YIELDS FOR THE THIRD YEAR.

OPTIMIZATION /WATER MANAGEMENT (APPLIED) /WATER QUALITY /SOILS /WATER RESOURCES/ CROP PRODUCTION /SPRINKLER IRRIGATION /EVAPOTRANSPIRATION /FURROW IRRIGATION/ ENERGY BUDGET /CALIFORNIA

PUBLICATIONS:

WILL1RDSON, L.S., C.F. EHLIG, B.L. ERTSGAARD, AND A.J. MACKENZIE, "HIGH RATE SPRINKLING OF LOW INTAKE SOIL," TRANS. ASAE, 17, 280 -81, 1974. HERMSMEIER, L.F. AND M.T. KADDAH, "FIELD LEACHING BY SPRINKLER AND SURFACE IRRIGATION DURING A CROP SEASON," TRANS. ASAE, 17, 275 -59, 1974. GRASS, L.B. AND P.KOLUVEK, "DETERIORATION OF CONCRETE DITCH LINERS IN SALINEr ALKALI SOIL," JOURNAL OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE DIVISION, PRCC. ASCE, 100, 477 -84, 1974.

0220

ALLEVIATION OF THE SALT LOAD IN IRRIGATION WATER RETURN FLOW OF THE COLORADO RIVER BASIN.

KRUSE, E.G. ARS -USDA, ROOM A217, ENGINEERING RESEARCH CENTER, COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY, FORT COLLINS, COLORADO 80323

CATES OF RESEARCH: 1- 73/6 -77

LEVEL OF FUNDING: 3 1,708,000

125 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION U.S. SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE AGRICULTURAL. RESEARCH SERVICE, USDA

THERE ARE FOUR MAJOR OBJECTIVES TO THIS PROJECT. FIRST, COMPARE THE EFFECTS OF SPRINKLER IRRIGATION WITH FURROW METHODS ON IRRIGATION EFFICIENCIES AND UNIFORMITIES ON GRAND VALLEY SOILS. SECOND, DETERMINE THE VOLUME OF WATER ENTERING THE GROUND WATER SYSTEM AND QUALITY OF IRRIGATION RUNOFF. THIRD, DETERMINE WHETHER EXISTING CROP COEFFICIENTS FOR ET ESTIMIATION ARE SUITAELE FOR SURFACE IRRIGATED CROPS IN THE GRAND VALLEY. FOURTH, ESTIMATE RATES AND SALT CONCENTRATIONS OF WATER EXCHANGED BETWEEN CPEN CHANNELS AND GRCUND WATER BODIES. SPRINKLER AND FURROW IRRIGATION SYSTEMS ARE OPERATED TO PRODUCE VARYING LEACHING FRACTIONS USING FREQUENT APPLICATION OF IRRIGATION WATER. DEPTH OF DEEP PERCOLATING WATER IS MONITORED DIRECTLY BY VACUUM EXTRACTORS. IRRIGATION IS SCHEDULED BY THE USDA METHOD, USING DAILY CLIMATIC DATA. FURROW INFLOW AND RUNOFF, INTAKE RATE, DEEP PERCOLATION AND TAIL WATER QUALITY ARE BEING MEASURED ON SEVERAL FARMS. HYDRAULIC LYSIMETERS ARE OPERATED ON FOUR FIELDS OF CORN, ALFALFA AND SUGAR BEETS. SEEPAGE MEASUREMENTS AND PONDING TESTS HAVE BEEN CONDUCTED IN ONE OF THE MAJOR UNLINED CANALS IN THE VALLEY AND IN SEVERAL SMALLER LATERALS.

COLORADO RIVER /SEEPAGE /PERCOLATION /IRRIGATION EFFICIENCY /IRRIGATION WATER/ IRRIGATION SYSTEMS/ LEACHING /GROUNDWATER /SALINITY /WATER POLLUTION /FURROW IRRIGATION /SPRINKLER IRRIGATION

PUELICATIONS: KRUSE, E.G., "IRRIGATION RESEARCH TO INCREASE PRODUCTION WITHOUT ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE," CONTRIBUTION OF THE IRRIGATION ANC DRAINAGE TO WORLD FOOD SUPPLY, IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE DIVISION SPECIALTY CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CIVIL ENGINEERS, AUGUST 1974. HEERMANN, D.F. ,H.R. DUKE, R.H. MICKELSON, ADN D.C. KINCAID, "CONTROLLING CENTER PIVOT SPRINKLERS FOR EXPERIMENTAL WATER APPLICATION," PRESENTED AT WINTER MEETING AMERICAN SOCIETY OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS, DECEMBER 1974. KRUSE, E.G., "IRRIGATION EFFICIENCY EFFECTS ON SALINITY MOVEMENT," PRESENTED AT WINTER MEETING, AMERICAN SOCIETY OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS, DECEMBER 1974.

0221

VIRAL CONTROL OF NUISANCE BLUE -GREEN ALGAE.

DESJARDINS, P. R. DEPT. OF PLANT PATHOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFCRNIA, RIVERSIDE, CALIF. 92502

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SOUTH COASTAL

DATES OF RESEARCH:, 7-1- 75/9 -30 -77

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 20,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT WATER RESOURCES CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA

126 RESEARCH PROCEDURES ARE AS FOLLOWS: FIRST, THE AS -1 PhyCOVIRUS WHICH INFECTS ANACYSTIS NIDULANS AND SYNECHOCOCCUS CEDRORUM ARE USED AS A MODEL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF IMPROVED METHODS QF ISOLATION OF bLUE -GREEN ALGAL VIRUE$S FROM LARGE VOLUMES OF WATER. THE VIRUS AT KNOWN LOW CONCENTRATIONS AEE INTRODUCED INTO DEFINED WATERS AND SUBSEQUENTLY IN VARIOUS TYPES OF NATURAL MATERS. VARIOUS PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL TECHNIQUES AND COMBINATIONS OF TECHNIQUES ARE UTILIZED TO RECOVER THZ VIRUS FROM THE TEST WATERS. PERCENTAGE OF VIRUS RECOVERED INDICATE THE EFFICIENCY OF THE METHOD USED.(THE MOST P$OMI,SINO METHODS ARE USED FOR ISOLATING VIRUS INFECTING NUISSANCE ALGAL SPECIES] FOE WHICH THERE ARE NO PRESENTLY KNOWN VIRUSES.) SECOND, ATTEMPTS ARE MADE TO IMPROVE METHODS OF CONCENTRATING THE AS -1 VIRUS (AND SUBSEQUENTLY 2 OTHER BLUE - GREEN ALGAL VIRUSES) FROM CULTURES FOR THE PREPARATION OF STOCKS SUFFICIENT FOR FUTURE TESTING AS CONTROL AGENTS.BY COMBINING YARTOUS PHYSICAL AND ÇHEMICAL TECHNIQUES. CONCENTRATION PROCEDURES ARE DEVELOPED AND EVALUATED BY DENSITY GRADIENT CENTRIFUGATION, ELECTRON MICROSCOPY AND BIOLOGICAL ASSAY.T1IRD, TEE PRELIMINARY TESTS OF THE VIRUSES AS CONTROL AGENTS ARE INCLUDED.THE VIRUSES ARE INTRODUCED INTO RATER IN LARGE CONTAINERS WITH THE ALGAL HOSTS PRESENT, SIMULATED ALGAL BLOOMS ARE INDUCED IN THE CONTROL CONTAINERS.THE RESULTS OBTAINED PROVIDE INFORMATION ON THE VIRUS TETER REQUERED TO PREVENT BLOOMS AN) ON THE CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS REQUIRED FOR OPTIN. CONTROL.

VIRUSES /ALGAE /CENTRIFUGATION /ELECTRON MICROSCOPY /CALIFORNIA /CYANOPHYTA

PU EL 'CATIONS: DESJARDINS, P.R., S.A. SWIECKI, M.B. BARKLEY AND R.J. DRAKE, 1975, "EFFECTS OF CERTAIN CHEMICAL TREATMENTS AND FREEZING ON THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE AS-1 PHYCOVIRJS," PAPER PRESENTED AT THE 3RD INTERNATION CONGRESS FOR VIROLOGY, MADRID, SPAIN, SEPTEMBER 1975. ABSTRACT C469.

0222

TRACE ELEMENT STUDY OF SOIL- PLANT -WATER SYSTEM.

BRADFORD, G.R. SOIL SCIENCE AND AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA 92507

AREAS$ OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 2 -21- 67/6 -30 -73

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: WATER RESOURCES, CALIFORNIA, NEVADA, ARIZONA

MAJOR OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROJECT ARE TO STUDY CONCENTRATION OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN CALIFORNIA'S SURFACE AND GROUNDWATERS; HOW THE TRACE ELEMENTS RELATE TO ANQ ARE MODIFIED BY THE HISTORY OF THE WATER PASSAGE THROUGH SOIL; AND TO E$IABLISE THE EFFECT OF TRACE ELEMENTS UPON WATER -SOIL INTERAÇTIONS ON CROP PLANTS. WATER ,SAMPLES AND BACKGROUND DATA SUPPLIED BY CALIFORNIA STATE DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES ARE PRETREATED WITH CHELATING COMPOUNDS AND SOLVENT EXTRACTION TECHNIQUES. TWENTY -FOUR LARGE LYSIMETERS ARE U$.ED TO STUDY THE EATER -SOIL INTERACTION ON CROP PLANTS AND MODIFICATIONS OF TRACE ELEMENT CONCENTRATION UPON THE PASSAGE OF WATER THROUGH SOILS. DIRECT READING OMISSION SPECTQGRAPHIÇ AND ATOMIC ABSORPTION INSTRUMENTATION ARE USED. STUDIES SHOW THAT BATH TOTAL AND AQUEOUS EXTRACT CONCENTRATION OF MOST HEAVY METALS ARE HIGHER EN SLUDGE DRYING POND SOILS THAN SOILS AT ONTARIO WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANT. BARLEY AND SUDAN GRASS SAMPLES HARVESTED FROM A DAIRY WASTE TREATMENT EXPERIMENT SHOW A 3 TO 4 FOLD INCREASE IN MAGNESIUM CONTENT OF THE SUDAN GRASS COMPARED TO THE BARLEY WHICH SUGGESTS THAT SUDAN GRASS MAY BE A VALUABLE FOOD SUPPLEMENT FOR RUMINANT ANT1ALS SUBJECT TO MAGNESIUM DEFICIENCY DISORDERS SUCH AS GRASS TETANY. SERIOUS IMBALANCES OF SPECIFIC NUTRIENT DEVELOP WITH TIME IF THE ORIGINAL HOAGLAND'S SOLUTION IS RETAINED. POTASSIUM DEFICIENCY AND PHOSPHO$US TOXICITY MANIFEST IN A FEW WEEKS.

127 TRACE ELEME7'TS /SOIL -WATER -PLANT RELATIONSHIPS /CHELATION /SOLVENT /EXTRACTIONS/ SPECTROSCOPY /HEAVY METALS /CALIFORNIA /LYSIMETERS

PUBLICATIONS:

BRADFORD, G.R., E.KELLNER, AND W.HAGSTRUM, "THE USE OF A DIRECT READING EMISSION SPECTROGRAPH WITH A MINICOMPUTER FOR THE ANALYSIS OF SOILS,, PLANTS AND WATERS," PROCEEDINGS OF STATEWIDE CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES AND INNOVATIONS IN PROCEDURES FOR SOIL, PLANT AND WATER ANALYSIS, BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA, DECEMBER 1973.

0223

QUANTIFICATION'OF WATER-SOIL PLANT RELATIONS FOR EFFICIENT WATER USE.

HAGAN, R.M. /HSAIO, T.C. LAWR: WATER SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS, CALIFORNIA 95616

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: CALIFORNIA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 07 -01- 69/06 -30 -74

THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROJECT ARE: 1) TODETERAINE RELATIONS BETWEEN PLANT WATER STRESS, METABOLIC PROCESSES, GROWTH AND COMPOSITION; 2) TO INVESTIGATE MEANS TO REGULATE WATER BALANCE IN PLANTS: 3)TO IMPROVE CRITERIA FOR SCHEDULING IRRIGATION TO ACHIEVE OPTIMAL WATER USE EFFICIENCY; AND 4)TO PREDICT PLANT RESPONSES TO LEVEL OF 'WATER SUPPLY FOR USE IN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS, WATER ALLOCATION, WATER SYSTEM DESIGN AND WATER MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS. THE APPROACH TAKEN INVOLVES STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF SYNTHESIS OF NUCLEIC ACIDS AND PROTEINS IN' RELATION TO SUCH METABOLIC PROCESSES AS PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND RESPIRATION. THE EFFECTS OF ANTITRANSPIRANTS CN YIELD AND QUALITY OF PRODUCT ARE INVESTIGATED. THE DEPENDENCE OF CROP YIELD AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY UPON PLANT WATER POTENTIAL AND TIMING OF WATER APPLICATION AT SPECIFIC STAGES OF GROWTH ARE ESTABLISHED. WATER PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS ARE ESTABLISHED FOB PRINCIPLE CROP TYPES INCLUDING THE EFFECTS OF WATER STRESS. IN PARTICULAR, NEARLY IDENTICAL FIELD EXPERIMENTS WITH CORN HAVE BEEN DONE IN CALIFORNIA, ARIZONA, COLORADO AND UTAH, WHERE IRRIGATION WATER SALINITY WAS INTRODUCED AS A YIELD REDUCING FACTOR. AERIAL AND GROUND SPRAYS OF D5A ANTITRANSPIRANT "AT ") ON PHREATOPHYTE VEGETATION SHOWED "AT" MAY BE USEFUL INA WATER CONSERVATION PROGRA,ii. A NEW FOOD GRADE "AT" (D5A -FG) INCREASED FRUIT SIZE AND IMPROVED STORAGE AND SHIPPING LIFE OF BING CHERRIES. WHEN "AT" IS APPLIED TO BURLAT CHERRIES1 WEEK BEFORE HARVEST, VOLUME IS INCREASED BY 9.4 %.

CALIFORNIA /ANTITRANS ?IRANTS /IRRIGATION /WATER SUPPLY /SALINITY/ CROP YIELD /WATER UTILIZATION

PUBLICATIONS:

DAVENPORT, D.C., K. JRIU AND R.M.HAGAN, "EFFECTS OF FILM ANTITRANSPIRANTS ON GROWTH," J.EXPT. BOT. 25:410 -19, 1974 DAVENPORT, D.C., K. URIU AND R.M. HAGAN, "ANTITRANSPIRANTS TO SIZE PEACHES AND REPLACE PREHARVEST IRRIGATION," HORT. SCI. 9(3) :198 -198, 1974. HAGAN, R.M. AND J.I. STEWART, "DISCUSSION OF WATER EFICITS IRRIGATION DESIGN AND PROGRAMING," PROC. AM. SOC. CIVIL ENG., JOURNAL OF THE IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE DIVISION 100 (IR1) :89 -90, 1974. STEWART, J.I., R.M. HAGAN, AIM W.O. PRUITT, "FUNCTIONS TO PREDICT OPTIMAL IRRIGATION PROGRAMS," PROC. ASCE, J. 02 THE IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE DIV., 100(1R2):179-199, 1974. STEWART, J.I., "FERTILITY - WATER INTERACTIONS," SYMPOSIUM: WATER CONSERVATION AND USE EFFICIENCY, CALIFORNIA PLANT AND SOIL CONFERENCE, CALIFORNIA CHAPTER, AMERICAN SOCIETY OF AGRONOMY, FRESNO, JANUARY 1974.

128 0224

IDENTIFICATION OF (CALIFORNIA) STATE -OWNED LANDS IN PRESENT AND FORMER CHANNELS OF COLORADO RIVER.

MINNICK, R. /WEED, L. /ZIMMERMAN, E. STATE LANDS DIVISION, 1807 13TH STREET, SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA 9$d14

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LOWER'GILA RIVER COLCRADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1 -73

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: CALIFORNIA STATE LANDS DIVISION THIS PROJECT IS DESIGNED TO BE THE ENGINEERING BACK -UP FOR LAND TRANSACTINNS UNIT TO DETERMINE PERIODICALLY THE STATE'S OWNERSHIP FOR SMALL AREAS WHERE PROPERTY IS INVOLVED IN LEASES OR LITIGATION, RESEARCH PROCEDURES ENCOMPASS; 1) TITLE RESEARCH TO FIND THE EXTENT OF UPLAND OWNERSHIP ALONG THE RIVER AND TO DETERMINE AREAS OF TITLE CONFLICT; 2)HISTORICAL, RESEARCH TO DETERMINE, THE LAST NATURAL CHANNEL OF THE RIVER FROM MAPS, CONTROLLED AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND DOCUMENTS FOUND IN LIBRARIES;3) SURVEYING AND MAPPING TO LOCATE TEE PRESENT CONDITIONS IN RELATION TO EXISTING :MAPS AND RECORD MONUMENTS. AN 11 -MILE REACH OF THE RIVER IN THE VICINITY OF DAVIS LAKE, 20 MILES SOUTH OF BLYTHE IS JUST BEING COMPLETED. A 22-MILE REACH IN THE VICINITY OF YUMA IS JUST BEING STARTED. A SIMILAR REACH NORTH OF THE PALO VERDE DIVERSION DAM IS THE THIRD PRIORITY.

LAND OWNERSHIP /HISTORY /NATURAL STREAMS /MAPS /AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY /SURVEYS/ ,CALIFORNIA /COLORADO RIVER

PUBLICATIONS: COLORADO RIVER, DAVIS LAKE AREA PROJECT BOUNDARY STUDY, MARCH, 1976. ON FILE AT THE CALIFORNIA STATE LANDS DIVISION OFFICE. STEWART, J.I., R.D. MISRA, W.O. PRUITT AND R.M. HAGAN, "IRRIGATING CORN AND GRAIN SORGHUM WITH A DEFICIENT WATER SUPPLY," TRANS. AM. SOC. AG. ENG. 18(2):270 -80, MARCH -APRIL 1975. STEWART, J.Z. R.M. HAGAN AND W.O. PRUITT, "FUNCTIONS TO PREDICT OPTIMAL IRRIGATION PROGRAMS," J. OF THE IRRIGATION DIVISION, ASCE, 100(Iß2) :179 -99, JUNE 1974. STEWART, J.I. AND R.M. HAGAN, "FUNCTIONS TO PREDICT EFFECTS OF CROP WATER DEFICITS," J. OF THE IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE DIV., ASCE, 99(IR4):421 -39, DECEMBER 1973.

0225

DETERMINATION OF WATER PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS AND WATER UTILIZATION PATTERNS OF PRINCIPAL CROPS.

HAGAN, R.M. /PRUITT, W.U. / STEWART, J.I. LAWR: WATER SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS, CALIFORNIA 95616

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: DELTA-CENTRAL SIERRA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 4 -1- 74/6 -30 -70

LEVEL OF FUNDING: E 100,000

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

129 THE OBJECTIVES ARE: 1) TO AMPLIFY WATER PRODUCTION FUNCTION DEVELOPMENTS MADE EARLIER AT THE CID UNIVERSITIES, 2) TO INCORPORATE THE SALINITY VARIABLE, AND 3) TO UTILIZE THE.EXPANDED DATA RASE ARISING FROM COMMON EXPERIMENTATION AT THE FOUR SITES TO MODEL CROP YIELD RESPONSES TO WATER AND SALINITY VARIABLES UNDER

DIFFERENT CONDITIONS OF CLIMATE AND SOIL. A NEW SPRINKLER "LINE SOURCE" " IRRIGATION WATER APPLICATION DESIGN DEVELOPED AT LOGAN UTAH IS USED, INCORPOR- ATING WATER AND SALINITY TREATMENTS DEVELOPED BY THE RESEARCH TEAM IN CONSULTATION. THESE INCLUDE: 1) EXCESS WATER, 2)ADEQUATE WATER,3) CHRONIC, SEASON -LONG WATER DEFICITS AT MANY LEVELS OF INTENSITY, 4)ACUTE HIGH INENSITY WATER DEFICITS DURING THE VEGETATIVE AND POLLINATION GROWTH PERIODS,5) TWO IRRIGATION 4ATER SALINITY LEVELS, ONE NORMAL FOR THE SITE(350 PPM AT DAVIS), AND A SECOND INCREASED TO 1,350 PPM WITH SALT RATIOS AS IN THE COLORADO RIVER, AND 6)PRE -PLANT SALINATION OF THE SOIL PROFILE TO AMHO /CM IN THE SATURATION EXTRACT IN SOME PLOTS TO SIMULATE LONG TERM USE OF 1,350 PPM WATER. RESULTS INDICATE THAT SPREADING THE DEFICIT EVENLY THROUGHOUT THE SEASON MAXIMIZED CROP YIELD. SALINITY REDUCES CROP EVAPOTRANSPIRATION, AND THEREBY REDUCES GROWTH AND YIELD. THUS SALINITY VARIABLE IS TO BE TREATED AS PART OF THE WATER DEFICIT VARIABLE FOR PURPOSES OF MODELING WATER PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS.

OPTIMIZATION /CROP PRODUCTION /WATER MANAGEMENT (APPLIED) /SALINITY /IRRIGATION/ SPRINKLER IRRIGATION/ EVAPOTRANSPIRATION /CALIFORNIA /ARIZONA /COLORADO /UTAH

PUBLICATIONS: STEWART, J.I., W.O. PRUITT, P.E. MARTIN, J.D. PRATO AND R.M. HAGAN, "DETERMINATION OF WATER PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS AND WATER UTILIZATION PATTERNS OF PRINCIPAL CROPS, REQUIRED FOR WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT," CALIFORNIA CONTRIBUTING PROJECT REPORT, WESTERN REGIONAL RESEARCH PROJECT(W -67) APPLICATION OF INFORMATION ON WATER -SOIL-PLANT RELATIONSHIPS TO USE AND CONSERVAPION OF WATER, OCTOBER 1975, 11 P.

0226

WATER PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS AND PREDICTED IRRIGATION PROGRAMS FOR PRINCIPAL CROPS.

HAGAN, R.M. /PRUITT, W.O. /STEWART, J.I. LAWR: WATER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS, CALIFORNIA 95616

ARFA(S) OF RESEARCH: DELTA -CENTRAL SIERRA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 12 -17- 71/3 -15 -73

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 50,750

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION

THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROJECT ARE TO DEVELOP METHODOLOGY TO ESTIMATE WATER PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS AND IRRIGATION PROGRAMS FOR VARIOUS USES INVOLVED IN COMPREHENSIVE PLANNING OF WATER RESOURCES, AND TO DEVELOP GUIDELINES FOR PREDICTING AND PLANNING IRRIGATION PROGRAMS TO ACHIEVE EFFECTIVE WATER ALLOCATION AND INCREASED WATER USE EFFICIENCY. THE FOLLOWING RELATIONSHIPS ARE SPECIFIED: 1) CROP YIELD VERSUS EVAPOTRANSPIRATION (ET); 2) FOLIA GROWTH TO MAXIMUM ET RATES FOR GROWTH STAGES; 3) ROOT GROWTH WITH EXTRACTION OF WATER INITIALLY STORED AT PLANTING TIME; 4)CROP YIELD WITH ET DEFICITS; 5) MAXIMIZING YIELD WITH ET DEFICITS. TESTS ARE CARRIED OUT FOR VARIOUS CLIMATE, SOIL, AND IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT CONDITIONS. FACTORS OF IRRIGATION SALINITY ARE DESIGNED BY UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY, CONSISTING OF FIVE MAJOR PLOTS WATERED BY A SINGLE LINE OF SPRINKLERS RUNNING THROUGH THE CENTER. A BROAD SPECTRUM. OF WATER CONDITIONS ARE DEVELOPED AS A RESULT CF JOINT EFFORT OF CUSUSWASH UNIVER- SITIES INCLUDING DAIVS, ARIZONA, COLORALO. STATE AND UTAH STATE.

PRODUCTIVITY /IRRIGATION /CROP PRODUCTION / EVAPOTRANSPIRATION /SALINITY /WATER QUALITY /SPRINKLER IRRIGATION/ CALIFORNIA /ARIZONA /COLORADO /UTAH

130 PUBLICATIONS: STEWART, J.I., R.M. iiAGAN, AND W.O. PRUITT, "WATER PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS AND PREDICTED IRRIGATION PROGRAMS FOR PRINCIPAL CROPS AS REQUIRED FOR WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND INCREASED WATER USE EFFICIENCY," COMPLETION REPORT, U.S. DEPT. OF INTERIOR, BUREAU OF RECLAMATION, REPORT 14 -06 -C -7329, FEBRUARY, 1976, 92 P. STEWART, J.I., R.M. HAGAN, W.O. PRUITT AND W.A. HALL, "WATER PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS AND IRRIGATION PROGRAMMING FOR GREATER ECONOMY IN PROJECT AND IPRIGATION SYSTEM DESIGN AND FOR INCREASED EFFICIENCY IN WATER USE," FINAL REPORT, U.S. DEPT. OF THE INTERIOR, BUREAU OF RECLAMATION, REPORT 14 -06 -7329, MARCH 1973, 161 P.

0227

DRAINAGE OF LANDS UNDER IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE.

LUTHIN, J.N. WATER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS, CALIFORNIA 95616

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 8-19 -54/6 -30-73

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: WATER RESOURCES, CALIFORNIA, NEVADA, ARIZONA

THERE ARE FOUR MAJOR OBJECTIVES TO THIS PROJECT:1) DEVELOP AND IMPROVE TECHNIQUES FOR DRAINAGE INVESTIGATION AND EVALUATION OF DRAINAGE PROBLEMS; 2) DEVELOP CRITERIA AND METHODS FOR MORE RATIONAL DESIGN OF DRAINAGE FACILITIES THROUGH STUDIES OF HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: 3) INVESTIGATE OTHER PHASES OF RECLAMATION AS RELATED TO ESTABLISHING DRAINAGE CRITERIA AND RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE. FIELD STUDIES IN THE SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY, IMPERIAL VALLEY, COACHELLA VALLEY, PALO VERDE VALLEY AND OXNARD PLAIN, AND LABORATORY STUDIES ARE CONDUCTED TO DETERMINE EFFICIENCY AND PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS OF DRAINAGE FACILITIES. RESULTS SHOW THAT GRAVEL ENVELOPES OF SINGLE SIZED SEPARATES SUCH AS PEA GRAVEL ARE NOT EFFECTIVE AS ENVELOPE MATERIAL IN PREVENTING FINE SANDS AND SILTS FRCM MOVING INTO THE DRAINS. THEY MAY SERVE AS GOOD BEDDING MATERIAL. ALSO THEY MAY IMPROVE THE FLOW INTO THE DRAINS BY INCREASING THE CONDUCTIVITY ADJACENT TO THE DRAIN. MATERIAL SMALLER THAN N0. 60 SHOULD BE EXCLUDED FROM THE ENVELOPE SINCE THIS SMALL MATERIAL WILL MOVE INTO THE DRAIN LINE. A GOOD ENVELOPE SHOULD CCNTAIN APPRECIABLE AMOUNTS OF NO. 20 SAND AND SOME NO.40 AND NO.10. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AN ENVELOPE IS DECREASED BY THE PRESENCE OF THE LARGE SIZE FRACTION OF GRAVEL.

DRAINAGE /HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY /IRRIGATION /DRAINAGE SYSTEMS /EFFICIENCIES/ RECLAMATION /GRAVELS /CALIFORNIA

0228

YUMA CLAPPER RAIL SURVEY.

GOULD, G.I., JR. CALIFORNIA DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME, P.O. BOX BD, BLYTHE, CALIFORNIA 92225

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LOWER GILA RIVER COLORADO RIVER BELOW PARKER DAM COLORADO DESERT

131 THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO CONDUCT A CENSUS SURVEY OF YUi1A CLAPPER RAIL ALONG THE COLORADO RIVER AND IN THE IMPERIAL VALLEY BY INDIVIDUALS OF A MULTI-AGENCY TEAM, T) EVALUATE AVAILABLE RAIL HABITAT. RESULTS SHOW 905 AND 919 CLAPPER RAILS WERE LOCATED DURING THE MAY COUNTS IN 1973 AND 1974 RESPECTIVELY. TWENTY -FOUR AREAS OF IMPORTANCE TO YUMA CLAPPER RAILS WERE IDENTIFIED, /RICH EMBODIED 80% OF ALL CLAPPER RAILS. FIVE AREAS OF UTMOST IMPORTANCE MAINTAINS 42% TO 525 OF ALL CLAPPER PAILS; ONE IN IMPERIAL VALLEY, TWO IN THE COLORADO RIVER DELTA IN MEXICO. OF THE TWO REíMAINING AREAS ALONG THE COLORADO RIVER, ONE IS IN A NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE AND THE OTHER, THE MOST IMPORTANT AREA, IS CONTROLLED BY THE BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT. 33$ TO 354 OF ALL CLAPPER RAILS ARE FOUND ON AREAS OP IMPORTANCE IN STATE OR FEDERAL REFUGES. RECOMMENDATIONS WERE MADE FOR CONTINJOUS YEARLY CENSUS SURVEYS AND FOR PROTECTION OF AREAS OF IMPORTANT HABITAT.

CENSUS /HABITATS /WILDLIFE /CLAPPER RAIL /CALIFORNIA /ARIZONA

PUBLICATIONS: GOULD, G.I., JR.', "YJMA CLAPPER RAIL STUDY - CENSUS AND HABITAT DISTRIBUTION 1973-74," CALIFORNIA DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME, NONGAME WILDLIFE INVESTIGATIONS, PROJECT 4-54 -R-7, WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT BRANCH ADMINISTRATIVE REPORT NO. 75 -2, 12 P.

0229

SEMIPERMEABLE MEMBRANE RESEARCH.

MCCUTCHAN, J.W. /CHAN M.C. SEA WATER LABORATORY, SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90024

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SOUTH COASTAL

THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROJECT ARE: 1) TO OPTIMIZE THE COMPOSITION OF EASTMAN CELLULOSE ACETATE FOR SEMI -PERMEABLE MEMBRANE FABRICATION, 2) TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFECTS OF ACETYL CONTENT AND VISCOSITY ON MEMBRANE PERFORMANCE, AND 3) TO ASSESS THE FEASIBILITY OF THE APPLICATION OF REVERSE OSMOSIS TO DESALT WATER FROM TIE SOWER COLORADO RIVER. THE COMPOSITION OF EASTMAN CELLULOSE ACETATE MEMBRANES CASTING SOLUTION ARE OPTIMIZED EXPERIMENTALLY. THE "LOGIC OF STEEPEST ACCENT METHOD" IS USED. FIELD TESTS ARE CARRIED OUT AT FIREBAUGH, CALIFORNIA. RESULTS SHOW THAT IN THE RANGE OF ACETYL CONTENT AND VISCOSITY RATING TESTED, MEMBRANES MADE FROM EITHER HIGHER ACETYL CONTENT OR HIGHER VISCOSITY OR THE COMBINATION OF THE TWO GIVES BETTER PERFORMANCE. MEMBRANES USING E394 -60 AS THE MEMBRANE MATRIX GIVES THE "BEST" PERFORMANCE WHEN COMPARED WITH E393 -10 AND E400 -25 WITH SEA WATER OR 5000 PPM SODIUM CHLORIDE SOLUTION AS THE FEED. FIELD TESTS IN FIREBAUGH HAVE DEMONSTRATED THAT THE MEMBRANE CAN LAST FOR MORE THAN TWO YEARS.

CALIFORNIA /MEMBRANES /VISCOSITY /DESALTING /REVERSE OSMOSIS /OPTIMMIZATION/ PERFORMANCE /ON -SITE TESTS /ON -SITE DATA COLLECTIONS

PU BLICAT IONS :

CHAN, M.C., N.X. PATEL AND J.W. MCCUTCHAN," PERFORMANCE OF E -394 CELLULOSE ACETATE JEMBRANES ASA FUNCTION OF THE VISCOSITY RATING OF THE POLYMER," PAPER PRESENTED AT AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY CONFERENCE, DIVISION OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY, SEPT.9 -13, 1974, ATLANTIC CITY. CHAN, M.C. AND J.W. MCCUTCHAN, "SPECIFICATION OF CELLULOSE ACETATE TO BE USED IN SEMIPERMEABLE :MEMBRANES," PAPER PRESENTED AT THE FIRST CHEi1ICAL CONGRESS OF THE NORTH AMERICAN CONTINENT, SYMPOSIUM ON MEMBRANE CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY, NOVEMEER 30- DECEM3ER 5,1975, MEXICO CITY, MEXICO.

132 0230 CRONISP LAKES ARCHAEOLOGICAL PROJECT.

DROVER, C.E. /STICKLE, E.G, DEPT. OF ANTHROPOLOGY, CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, LONG BEACH, CALIF. 90840

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROJECT ARE: 1) TO CONDUCT ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION IN THE MOJAVE DESERT, COLORADO RIVER BASIN, AT CRONISE LAKES, SAN BERNADINO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA, AND 2) TO DETERMINE THE NATURE AND VARIATION OF THE PREHISTORICAL HUMAN ACTIVITIES. "A HUMAN SYSTEM MODEL" IS USED. ANALYTICAL METHODS INCLUDE MAGNETOMETRY, ACOUSTIC HYDROLOGY, INFERENTIAL AND DE,SÇRIPT {V$ STATISTICS, FLORA AND FAUNAL IDENTIFICATION, COMPUTER MAPPING, CERAMIC ANALYSIS, SPATIAL REDUCTIVE DISCRIMINATION OF DATA PATTERN. ANp LITHIC ANALYSIS. TECHNO- ECONOMIC FACTORS ARE CONSIDERED. THE RESULTS OF THIS STUDY ARETO PROVIDE AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL INFORMATION DATUM WITH WHICH FUTURE RES$EARÇ;i IN OTHER AREAS OF THE MOJAVE DESERT MAY BE COMPARED, AND TO PROMOTE MORE ANALYTICAL ATTENTION TO NEGLECTED AREAS OF PREHISTORY IN THE UNITED STATES. MODEL STUDIES /CALIFORNIA /ARCHAEOLOGY /HISTORY /ÇOLOEADO RIVER/LAKES/CRONISE LAKE

0231 ECC..JÜICAL. AND EVOLUTIONARY STUDIES OF DESERT SALAMANDERS.

WAKE, D.B, . ?7USEUN OF VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY, CALIF. 94720'

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS AN ECOLOGICAL AND EVOLUTIONARY STUDY OF SALAMANDERS LIVING ALONG THE OUTFLOW OF DESERT SPRINGS, IN VALLEYS OF THE INTO AND OTHER DESERP MOUNTAINS IN CALIFORNIA. COOPERATION BETWEEN THE MUSEUM OF VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY AND THE BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT HAS RESULTED IN STUpIES OF THE DESERT OF THE AMERICAN SOUTHWEST SINCE 1908. DESERT SALAMANDERS ARE FOUND TO RE A UNIQUE GROUP OF ANIMALS WHICH OCCUR ONLY IN THE CALIFORNIA DESERT IN INYO AND RIVERSIDE COUNTIES. CALIFORNIA/ECOLOGY/EVALUATION/DESERTS/SALAMANDERS

0232 REMOTE SENSING OF QUATERNARY STRUCTURES IN THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER BASIN.

ORHE, A.R. DEPT. OF GEOGRAPHY, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90024

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1 -74

133 THIS PROJECT IS A REIOTE SENSING OF QUARTERNARY STRUCTURES IN THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER 3ASIN. A VARIETY OF REMOTE SENSING IMAGERY IS USED. IT RANGES FROM LANDSAT PANCHROMATIC AND CIE IMAGERY AT A 1:500,000 SCALE TO COLOR AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY AT A 1:12,000 SCALE. THE STUDY SHOWS THAT MOUNTAIN RANGES WITHIN THE AREA EXHIBIT ABUNDANT EVIDENCE FOR ONE OR MORE EPISODES OF ANCIENT TECTONISM AND QUARTERNARY TECTONISM IS WIDESPREAD IN THE NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN PART OF THE AREA, AROUND LAS VEGAS AND YUMA RESPECTIVELY. THE CENTRAL PART OF THE BASIN APPEARS TO HAVE BEEN RELATIVELY QUIESCENT DURING QUARTERNARY TIMES. MAJOR TECTONIC ACTIVITY CEASED BEFORE THE ACCUMULATION OF THE BOUSE FORMATION IN PLIOCENE TIMES, AID LARGE AREAS OF LATE TERTIARY FANGLOMERATE ARE APPARENTLY UNDISTURBED IN THIS CENTRAL REGION. THERE IS NO PHOTOGEOLOGIC EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT AN EXTENSION OF THE DEATH VALLEY FAULT ZONE SOUTHEASTWARD ACROSS THE CENTRAL PART OF THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER BASIN. CALIFORNIA /ARIZONA /QUARTERNARY PERIOD /REMOTE SENSING /AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY

0233 GENETIC STUDIES OF POCKET GOPHERS OF THE THOMOMYS BOTTAE GROUP (RODENTIA: GEONYIDAE). PATTON, J.L. MUSEUM OF VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY, CALIF. 94720

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT DATES OF RESEARCH: 1970 /CONTINUING LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 51,000 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF HEALTH

THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROJECT ARE: 1) TO ELUCIDATE VARIOUS PARAMETERS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE MARKED GEOGRAPHIC VARIABILITY CHARACTERISTIC OF POCKET GOPHERS (THOMJMYS BOTTAE) ALONG THE LOWER COLORADO AND GILA RIVERS, AND 2) TO DETERMINE THE RELATIVE ROLES OF PAST HISTORY, DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, EXTENT OF GENE FLOW AND LOCAL SELECTION. CYTOGENETIC AND GENIC TECHNIQUES INCLUDING USE OF BOTH CHROMOSOMAL PREPARATIONS AND STARCH -GEL ELECTROPHORESIS OF ENZYMES AND OTHER SPECIFIC PROTEINS ARE USED TO EXAMINE THE GENETIC STRUCTURE OF POCKET GOPHER. GENETICALLY, PAIRED POPULATIONS ON OPPOSITE BANKS ARE QUITE DIVERGENT. GENE FLOW ACROSS RIVERS MUST BE CONSIDERED ZERO AND THE GENERAL SELECTIVE REGIMES PRESENT MUST BE NEARLY IDENTICAL. EXAMINATION OF CONTIGUOUS VERSUS OPPOSITE BANK POPULATIONS PERMITS AN ASSESSMENT OF THE CONSEQUENCES J F GENE FLOW AND LOCAL ADAPTATION AS COMINANT FACTORS IN POPULATION SUBSTRUCTURING. CALIFORNIA /ARIZONA /GENETICS /GOPHERS /GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS /HISTORY /CHRCEOSOMES/ ELECTROPHORESIS/ENZYMES/PROTEINS

PUBLICATIONS: PATTON, J.L. AND R.E. DINGMAN, "CHROMOSOME STUDIES OF POCKET GOPHERS, GENUS THOMOMYS. II. KARYOTYPIC VARIATION IN T. BOTTAE," THE AMERICAN SOUTHWEST CYTOGENETICS 9:139 -51, 1970. POPULATIONS OF POCKET GOPHERS (GENUS THOMOMYS) ,SYST. ZOOL., 21- 263 -270, 1972. PATTON, J.L. "PATTERNS OF GEOGRAPHIC. VARIATION IN KARYOTYPE IN THE POCKET GOPHER, THOMOMYS BOTTAE (EYDOUX AND GERVAIS)," EVOLUTION, 26:574-86, 1973.

134 02314 ECOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE POWER TRANSMISSION CORRIDORS FOR SUNDESERT NUCLEAR POWER PLANT.

COOPER, C, F. CENTER FOR REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY, SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA 92182

AREA (S)' OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 8 -1- 75/5 -15 -76 LEVEL OF FUNDING: S38,000 STPPQRTING AGENÇIES; WIRTH ASSOCIATES, PHOENIX, ARIZONA

THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS FRO.IECT ARE: 1) TO EVALUATE THE POTENTIAL ECOLOGICAL IMPACT OF ALTERNATIVE EXTRA HIGH VOLTAGE POWER TIANSMMISSION CORRIDORS, 2)TO GENERATE INFORMATION THAT IS USEFUL IN ANALYSIS OF OTHER pHEÇ.OJTS HAVING REGIONAL IMPLICATIONS, 3)TO REDUCE THE NEED FOR DUPLICATION, 4) TO INPROVq^. THE ENVIRONMENTAL. ASSESSMENT PROCESS AND 5) TO INCORPORATE ECQI.OGIÇAL DATA INTO DECISION MAILING. CALIFORNIA /ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS /TRANSMISSION LINES /ECCI.OqY /PEÇISION 1MAKTNG

PUBLICATIONS: COOPER? D.E., "REGIONAL ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENTS: HOW CAN WE RED(1ÇE REDUNDANCY ?'1 PAPER TO BE PRESENTED AT ANNUAL MEETING, ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA, NEW ORLEANS, JUNE 1,1975..

0235 PRELIMINARY APPRAISAL OF GROUND WATER IN STORAGE IN THE IMPERIAL VALLEY AREA, CALIFORNIA. DUTCHER, L.C. / HARDT, W.F. /MOYLE, W.R. U,S. gEOIIÓGICAL SURVEY, 855 OAK GROVE AVEUNE, MENLO PARK/ CALIF, 94025

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO CONDUCT A PRELIMINARY APPRAISAL OF GROUND WATER IN STORAGE IN THE IMPERIAL VALLEY, CALIFCRNIA. TRIS PROJECT USES THE CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF THE HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM MECHANISMS. IT INCLUDES REÇHARGE TO THE DEEP CONVECTION CELLS FOR ABOUT 50,300 YEARS AT A RATE OF ABOUT 30 LITERS PER SECOND. DISCHARGE IS MAINLY FLOW IN THE VAPOR PHASE THROUGH FRACTURES OVERLYING SHALLOW AQUIFERS OR TO THE. LAND SURFACE. THE , INCLUDING THE IMPERIAL VALLEY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, COINCIDES WITH THE 4NTERSEÇTION OF THE EAST PACIFIC RISE AND THE NORTH AMERICAN CONTINENT. HEAT FLOi THROUGH AS MUCH AS 20, 000 FEET OF riATE:ì-*SATURATED SECIMENTS IS GREATER THAN THE WORLDWIDE AVERAGE WITN`M SEVERAL SMALL AREAS AS `UCH AS 10 TINES AVERAGE. ACTIVE METAMORPHISM, 'CUE TO TUE EXTRENELT HIGH TEMPERATURES AT DEPTHS THROUGHOUT THE 3ASIN, HAS CAUSED CHANGES IN THE ORIGINAL POROSITY AND PERMEABILITY CF THE ROCKS AND DEPOSITS. CALIFORNIA /GROUNDWATER /GEOTHERMAL STUDIES /HEAT FLOW /AQUIFER CHARACTERISTIC S/ UNDERGROUND STORAGE /LAND SUBSIDENCE /IMPERIAL VALLEY

PU EL ICATIONS: DUTCHER, L.D., 4.F. HARDT, AND W.R. MOYL£, JR., "PRELIMINARY APPRAISAL OF GROUND WATER IN STORAGE WITH 2EFERENCE TO GEOTHERMAL RESOURCES IN THE IMPERIAL VALLEY AREA, CALIFORNIA," U.S. GCOLGGICAL SURVEY CIRCULAK 649, 1972.

135 0236 MAP OF THE COLORADO RIVER AND RIO GRANDE BASINS SHOWING INDIAN RESERVATIONS, PUEBLOS AND TRANSBASIN EXPORTATIONS OF WATER. JONES, J.H., JR. /KUNKEL, F. U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, WATER RESOURCES DIVISION, 855 OAK GROVE AVENUE, MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA 94025 AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO DEVELOP MAPS OF THE COLORADO RIVER AND RIO GRANDE BASINS SHOWING INDIAN RESERVATIONS, PUEBLOS, AND ALSO TRANSBASIN WATER EXPORTATION. PHE MAP IS BEING PREPARED IN COOPERATION WITH THE U.S. BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS., FINAL PRODUCTION OF THE MAPS INCLUDE A LIST OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY STREAM- GAGING STATIONS AND A BRIEF LOCATION DESCRIPTION OF EACH SITE AT WHICH TR.ANSBASIN EXPORTATIONS OF WATER FROM THE COLORADO RIVER BASIN ARE MEASURED. CALIFORNIA/NEVADA/ARIZONA/COLORADO/UTAH/NEW MEXICO /'WYOMING /GAGING STATIONS/ INDIAN RESERVATIONS /INTER -BASIN TRANSFER /WATER TRANSFER /:PAPS /COLORADO RIVER

PUBLICATIONS: JONES, J.H., JR. AND F. KUNKEL, "MAP OF THE COLORADO RIVER AND RIO GRANDE BASINS SHOWING INDIAN RESERVATIONS, PUEBLOS AND TRANSBASIN EXPORTATIONS OF WATER," o- J.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OPEN FILE MAP 74 -248, 1974.

0237 ESTIMATING SHORT-RUN OPERATING COSTS FOR A REVERSE OSMOSIS DESALTING PLANT APPLIED TO LOWER COLORADO RIVER WATER. SCHERER, C.R. /CHAN, 1.C. ENGINEERING SYSTEMS DEPT., UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES, CALIF. 90024

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SOUTH COASTAL THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROJECT ARE TO CONSIDER OFF -DESIGN OPERATING COSTS IN DESALTING FACILITIES, ALONG WITH CAPITAL COST SCALE ECONOMIES AND INTEREST RATE, AS AN IMPORTANT DETERMINANT FOR OPTIMAL CAPACITY EXPANSION INVESTMENT POLICY FOR REVERSE OSMOSIS DESALTING PLANT WHICH IS CONSIDERED AS A POSSIBLE APPROACH TO DESALT COLORADO RIVER WATER. LONG -RUN AND SHORT-RUN COST CONCEPTS ARE USED. ENGINEERING-ECONOMIC APPROACH TO OFF- DESIGN COST ESTIMATION IS UTILIZED. PARAMETERS RELATING COST AND OPERATION OF REVERSE OSMOSIS SYSTEM ARE CONSIDERED. AN ITERATIVE COMPUTER PROGRAM IS DEVELOPED TO ESTIMATE FACTORS AFFECTING CAPACITY EXPANSION INVESTMENT POLICY. RESULTS TO DATE SHOW THAT ALTHOUGH LONG -RUN OPERATING COSTS SHOWS APPROXIMATELY CONSTANT RETURN TO SCALE, THERE ARE SIGNFICANT EXTRA COST PER UNIT OUTPUT ASSOCIATED WITH "OFF -DESIGN" OPERATION THAT IS, WHEN THE SYSTEM IS OPERATED AWAY FROM THE DESIGN POINTS, THE COST PER UNIT IS GREATER THAN WHEN IT OPERATED AT THE DESIGN POINT. CALIFORNIA /OPERATING COSTS /REVERSE OSMOSIS /DESALTING /ESTIMATED COSTS/ RETURN TO SCALE

PUBLICATIONS: SCHERER, C.R. AND M.C. CHAN, "ESTIMATING SHORT -RUN OPERATING COSTS FOR A REVERSE-OSMOSIS DESALTING PLANT," TO BE PUBLISHED.

136 0238 ÇL,I.ATOLOGY AND HYDROLOGY IN DATA -SPARSE AREAS OF CALIFORNIA.

GOODRIDGE, J.D. DEPT. OF WATER RESOURCES, P.O.BOX 388, SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA 93802

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: CALIFORNIA THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS ro ESIIMATE STREA:!FLOW AND PRECIPITATIQN IN DATA-SPARSE AREAS OF CALIFORNIA FOR FLOOD PROTECTION PURPOSES. P$ESUdABLY, THE COLORADO RIVER BASIN HAS THE SAME PROBLEM. THERE ARE 6,400 RECORDS OF PRECIPI- TATION AND 4,000 RECORDS OF SURFACE WATER MEASUREMENT IN CALIFORNTA. THESE RECORDS ARE LOCATED ALMOST WITHOUT EXCEPTION IN THE FAIR WEATHEN ZONE WHERE PEOPLE LIVE. THE REMOTE FOULWEATHER AREAS, WHICH YIELD A LARGE PART OF OUR WATER SUPPLY, ARE WITHOUT RECORDS. CRITICAL DATA- SPARSE AREAS INCLUDE THE ZONE BETAE+EN THE HUMID FOREST, AT THE CREST OF THE SIERRA NEVADA AND THE COAST RAblGÚS OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, AND THE DESERT BORDERING ON THE RAIN SHADOWS OF THESE MOUNTAINS. THE PROBLEM OF ESTIMATING STREAMFLOW IS DISCUSSED. PRECIFITATION(AT;iOSPHERIC). /HYDROLOGY /CLIMATOLOGY /WATER SUP ?LY / CALIFORNIA/ RUNOFF

PU ELICATIONS: GOODRIDGE, J.D., "WATER-LOSS DEPTH- DURATION FREQUENCY ON SELECTED WATER$jHEDS IN CALIFORNIA," DEPT. OF WATER RESOURCES, SACRAMENTO, CALIF. NOVEMBER, 1973. GOODRIDGE, J.D., "CLIMATOLOGY AND HYDROLOGY IN DATA- SPARSE AREAS OF CALIFORNIA," PAPER FOR ASSOCIATION OF PACIFIC COAST GEOGRAPHERS, SAN DI! }GOf CALIFORNIA, JUNE 13-16, 1973.

0239 INVESTIGATION OF LARGE MOUTH BASS FISHERY IN LAKE HAVASU.

PICKARD, A. DEPT. OF PISA AND GAME, P.O. BOX BD, BLYTHE, CALIFORNIA 92225

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT DATES OF RESEARCH: THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS STUDY ARE TO DETERMINE THE STATUS OF THE LARGE MOUTH BASS FISHERY IN LAKE HAVASU. RESEARCH 'ROCEDURES INCLUDE CREEL CENSUS, ELECTRO- FISHING TRANSECTS, UNDERWATER OBSERVATIONS, USE OF REWARD TAGS, LIMNOLOGICAL DATA AND INTERACTIONS WITH THREADFIN SHAD. RESULTS ¿ILL AID FUTURE MANAGEMENT OF THE FISHERY AND MAINTENANCE OF THE RESERVOIR. CALIFORNIA /BASS /FISHING /CREEL CENSUS /ELECTRO -FISHING /MARKING TECHNIQUES/ LI MNOLOGY /MANAGEMENT /MAI NT ENANCE /RES ERVOIRS

0240 THE ECOLOGY OF OASIS INHABITING SIMULIUM AND THEIR CONTROL WITH INSECT GROWTH REGULATORS.

137 LAC °Y, L..4. DEPP. OF E1T'.9UL )GY, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA 9250?

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 6 -30 -77 THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS r0 INVESTIGATE THE ECOLOGY OF DESERT SIMULIUM INHABITING )ASIS ON TH SAN ANDPEAS FAULT LINE FROM THE LARVAL ASPECT. FACTORS SUCH AS WATER 'rE:IPE:;r'JRE, TURBIDITY, VELOCITY, PH AND DISSOLVED SOLID CONTENT ARE 10NITOPED AND STATISTICALLY ANALYZED. PHYSICAL FACTORS THAT REGULATE ADULT REtIAVIOR WILL ALSO BE ELUCIDATED. HOST PREFERENCES, SEASONAL DISTRIBUTION, AND ABUNDANCE WILL BE INVd3TIrATE0 OVER THE NEXT YEAS AND A HALF. LABORATORY AND FIELD ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF THE GROWTH REGULATORS ARE CONDUCTED AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE AND 1000 PALHS, CALIFORNIA.

F.CULOGY/LAR'JAS/WATER TE}MPERATURE/TURBIDITY/VELOCITY/JiYDiOGE:N It)'1 CONCENTRATION/DISSOLVED SOLIDS/CALIFORNIA

PU ELICATIONS: MULLA, I.S. AND L.A. LACY, "FEEDING RATES OF SI;"ULLUM LARVAE ON PARTICULATES IN NATURAL STREAMS (DIPTERA SI:IIJLIUDAE)," ENVIRONMENTAL ENT., 1976.

0241 GEOHYDROLOGIC EVALUATION OF THE JOHNSON VALLEY AREA, CALIFORNIA.

FRENCH, J. .J. U. S. GEULUGICAL SURVEY, WRD, LAGUNA NIGUEL, CALIFORNIA 92677

AREA (S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT DALES OF RESEARCH: 7-1-74/6-30-76

LEVEL OF FUNDI:JG: S 70,000 SUPPORTING; AGENCIES: MOJAVE WATER AGENCY, VICTORVILLE, CALIFORNIA

IRE OBJECTIVES OF TATS STUDY ARE TO DETERMINE THE HYDROLOGIC PROPERTIES AND TO EVALUAEF THE WATER- SUPPLY POTENTIAL OF JOHNSON VALLEY, CALIFORNIA. THIS AREA IS DESERT AND ENTIRELY DEPENDS ON GROUNDWATER SUPPLIES. WATER IS GOING TO BE SUPPLIED Ti) THIS AREA FROM THE CALIFORNIA WATER PLAN BY MEANS CF A PIPELINE. THIS PIPELINE TAKES YEARS TO CONSTRUCT AND MEANWHILE, THE POPULATION OF THE AREA IS 'GROWING AT A CONSTANT RATE. THE MOJAVE WATER AGENCY HOPES PO AVERT A WATER SHORTAGE BY SECURING AN INTERIM GRU :JNC ArER SUPPLY IN THE AREA. FIELD PROCEDURES INCLUDE A GRAVITY- INTENSITY SURVEY TO DETERMINE THE SHAVE OF THE GROUNDWATER BASINS, WEIL CANVASS, WATER -LEVEL MEASUREMENTS AND WATER SAMPLED FOR 2UALITY DETERMINATIOiJ.S. TWENTY -ONE TEST HOLES ARE AUGEPED AND FOUR DEEP TEST HOLES APE DRILLED. THIS DATA IS GOING TO DE COMPILED INTO AFEP.)PT DESCRIBING THE GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY OF THE AREA.

HYDROLOGIC PROPÊRTIES /WATER SUPPLY /GROUJi1DWATER /PIPELINES /'WATER PEiIAND/ SIICttTA:;E /GR)'JilJ'WAT1R BASINS /WELL DATA /WATER LEVELS /WATER SAMPLING /WATER QUALITY /CALIFORNIA

1 38 0242 STUDY OF THE STRIPPED BASS (MOROSE SAXATILIS) IN THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER.

WONG, D. DEPT. OF FISH AND GASE, P.O.'BOX BD, BLYTHE, CALIFORNIA 92225

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY IS TO INVESTIGATE THE MMOBILITY AND HABITS OF STRIPPED BASS IN THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER. APPROXIMATELY FIFTY STRIPPED BASS ARE TAGGED IN THE RIVER BELOW TH2 PALO VERDE DIVISION DAM. CURRENTLY, THE FEASIBILITY OF CAPTURING AND TAGGING 200 -400 STRIPPED BASS IN THE DAVIS DAM - NEEDLES AREA IS BEING INVESTIGATED TO ACCESS ANGLER HARVEST IN LAKE HAVASU AND THE RIVER ABOVE HAVASU. MOBILITY /BASS /TAGGING /MARKING TECHNIQUES /FISHING /FISH HARVEST /CALIFORNIA

0243 MINIMUM SALT IN RETURN BY IMPROVING IRRIGATION EFFICIENCY.

VAN SCHILFGAARDE, J. USDA -ARS, U.S. SALINITY LAB., 4500 GLENWOOD DRIVE, RIVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA 92501

AREAS) OF RESEARCH: LOWER GILA RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 12- 74/12 -77 .. LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 675,000 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE, USDA THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO MINIMIZE. THE VOLUME OF WATER AND SALT IN DRAINAGE RETURN FLOW WHILE STILL MAINTAINING CROP YIELD AT GILA BASIN, YUMA COUNTY, ARIZONA. DETAILED FIELD EVALUTIONS OF CONTROLLED IRRIGATION OF SATURE CITRUS AT LEACHING PERCENTAGES VARYING FROM 5% TO 20% ARE CARRIED OUT. TRICKLE IRRIGATION IS USED IN THE EXPERIMENTATION. SIMILAR EXPERIMENTS WITH ALFALFA UNDER SPRAY IRRIGATION ARE CONDUCTED. DETAILED INSTRUMENTATION AND FIELD SAMPLING IS USED TO ESTABLISH SALT BALANCE FOR THE SYSTEMS. SALINITY /RETURN FLOW /CROP PRODUCTION/ LEACHING /SPRINKLER -IRRIGATION /SALT BALANCE /IRRIGATION EFFICIENCY /ARIZONA

0244 GEOLOGICAL- G£OCHEMICAL- GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF A RECOGNIZED GEOTHERMAL ARFA IN THE IMPERIAL VALLEY CF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA.

COH °.N,L.H. /ELDERS. J.A. DEPT. OF EARTH SCIENCES /I.G.P.P.,.UNIV. OF CALIFCRNIA, RIVERSIDE, CALIF.

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 4 -1- 76/2 -28-77 LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 284,403 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION

139 THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY IS AN INTEGRATED GEOLOGY- GEOPHYSICS -GEOCHEMISTRY INVESTIGATION OF THE SALTON SEA GEOTHERMAL FIELD. THE FIELD WAS DRILLED EXTENSIVELY 10 TO 15 YEARS AGO BUT WAS NOT DEVELOPED COMMERCIALLY AT THAT TIME BECAUSE OF TAE EXTREMELY SALINE BRINES ENCOUNTERED. SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF TEMPERATURE, THE SOURCES AND FLOW OF WATER IN THE SYSTEM, HOW THE WATERS AND WATER -ROCK INTERACTIONS HAVE SHAPED AND MODIFIED THE RESERVOIR THROUGH TIME, rHE SHAPE AND EXTENT OF THE RESERVOIR, AND ELUCIDATION OF GEOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUES APPLICABLE TO EXPLORATION AND EXPLOITATION ARE DETERMINED. NECESSARY INFORMATION FOR RESERVES ASSESSMENT, PRODUCTION POTENTIAL, AND REINJECTION SITING ARE THE RESULT. RESULTS INDICATE THAT LOCAL SELF-SCALING PROCESSES OF THE GEOLOGY PROGRAM SAY HAVE OCCURRED HERE AS PREVIOUSLY FOUND IN ANOTHER GEOTHERMAL ANOMALY IN THE IMPERIAL VALLEY. TEXTURAL RELATIONS BETWEEN MINERALS SHOW THAT THE SUBSURFACE FLUID HAS CHANGED IN COMPOSITION SINCE THE ONSET OF GEOTHERMAL ACTIVITY. ANALYSIS OF HYDROGEN ANC OXYGEN ISOTOPES IN SUBSURFACE ANC SURFACE +JATERS TO BUILD A MODEL OF THE THERMAL AND CIRCULATION HISTORY OF PREVIOUSLY- PERMEA3LE ZONES NOW SEALED WITH CALCITE AND OTHER MINERALS. THE GEOPHYSICS PROGRAM REPORTS RESULTS FROM SHALLOW HEAT, FLOW, SEISMIC REFRACTION, TELLURIC AND MICROEARTHQUAKE INVESTIGATIONS. GEOLOGY / GEOPHYSICS /GEOCHEMISTRY /GEOTHERMAL STUDIES /SALINITY /CALIFORNIA/ INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION /STABLE ISOTOPES

PU ELICATIONS; "GEOLOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY OF THE DUNES HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM, IMPERIAL VALLEY OF CALIFORNIA," IGPP- UCR -7S -2, 1975, I.G.P.P., UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA 92502. "COOPERATIVE INVESTIGATION OF GEOTHERMAL RESOURCES IN THE IMPERIAL VALLEY AREA AND THEIR POTENTIAL VALUE FOR DESALTING OF WATER AND OTHER PURPOSES," IGPP -UCR- 72-33, 1972, I.G.P. P., UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA 92502 "INVESTIGATIONS OF THE DUNES GEOTHERMAL ANOMALY, IMPERIAL VALLEY, CALIFORNIA, PART IV, GEOTHERMAL STUDIES OF WATER, CALCITE, AND SILICATES," IGPP-UCR- 75 -20, 1975, I.G.P.P., UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA 92502

0245 LOWER COLORADO RIVER - ANGLER USE AND HUNTER USE INVENTORIES.

POWELL, R.F. CALIFORNIA DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME, P.O. BOX ED, BLYTHE, CALIFORNIA 92225

AREA (S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT DATES OF RESEARCH: 1975/1977 LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 68,465 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION

THIS PROJECT IS A SURVEY OF THE ANGLER USE ANC HUNTER USE OF THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER. INFORMATION INCLUDING THE CATCH RATE, SPECIES COMPOSITION AND SIZE OF THE CATCH, AVERAGE LENGTHOF THE FISHING DAY, SEASONAL CHANGES IN FISHING, AND HOME COJNTY, AGE AND SEX DISTRIBUTION OF THE ANGLERS ARE GATHHRED. TWO WEEKDAYS AND TWO WEEKEND DAYS ARE SAMPLED FOR EACH MONTH. THE DATA IS COMPLETED FOR CIBOLA A9D PALO VERDE DIVISIONS. LAKE HAVASU AND TOPOCK DIVISIONS ARE IN PROGRESS AND ARE TO BE COMPLETED BYEECEi1BER 31, 1976. HUNTING/ FISHING /CENSUS /SAMPLING /CALIFORNIA

140 0246 ANGLER AND HUNTER USE OF LOWER COLORADO RIVER - HUNTER USE INVENTORY.

GOULD, G.I., JR. CALIFORNIA DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME, P.O. BOX ED, BLYTHE, CALIFORNIA 92225

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1 -1- 75/12 -1 -77 LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 68,465 SUPPORTING AGENCIES; U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION

THIS PROJECT IS A SURVEY OF HUNTER USE ALONG THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER IN THE PALO VERDE, CIBOLA AND IMPERIAL DIVISIONS. SURVEYS ARE CONDUCTED BY THE CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME AND THE ARIZONA GAME AND FISH DEPARTMENT IN THE PALO VERDE AND CIBOLA DIVISIONS IN 1975 AND IN THE IMPERIAL DIVISION IN 1976. FOUR SURVEYS PER MONTH ARE CONDUCTED DURING THE PERIOD OF FEBRUARY THROUGH AUGUST AND INCREASED TO EIGHT PER MONTH LURING THE HUNTING SEASON, SEPTEMBER THROUGH JANUARY. ADDITIONALLY, SUMMER OPENERS ARE SURVEYEDT THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION IS GATHERED: 1) NUMBER OF HUNTERS HUNTING; 2) SPECIES HUNTED AND BAGGED; 3)NUMBER OF DAYS HUNTED; 4) AREAS HUNTED WITHIN EACH DIVISION; 5)NUMBER OF HUNTERS PER PARTY; 6) HOME COUNTY, SEX AND AGE OF HUNTER. SINCE THIS PROJECT IS NOT YET COMPLETED, RESULTS ARE NOT AVAILABLE AT THE PRESENT TIME. HUNTING /SURVEYS /FISHING /CALIFORNIA /ARIZONA

0247 GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATIONS IN SOUTHEASTERN MOJAVE DESERT, CALIFORNIA.

ROTSTEIN, Y. UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA 92502

AREA(S') OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 6 -30 -74 THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS RESEARCH IS TO INVESTIGATE THE GRAVITY, MAGNETIC, SEISMIC, AND ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY OF SOUTHEASTERN MOJAVE DESERT (AN AREA OF ABOUT 3500 SQUARE KM. IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EAST OF THE EAGLE MOUNTAINS TO THE COLORADO RIVER), TO DETERMINE THE FAULTING, STRUCTURE AND CONFIGURATION OF THE BASEMENT. AVAILABLE GEOPHYSICAL DATA ARE ANALYZED. RESULTS INDICATE THE COMPLICATED NATURE OF THE BASEMENT IN THIS REGION. BENEATH THE SEDIMMENTARY BASINS, COMPLEX STRUCTURES OF RAPIDLY VARYING ROCK TYPES, SIMILAR TO THE SITUATION IN THE MOUNTAIN RANGES OF THE AREA ARE FOUND. DEPTHS TO BASEMENT IN THE CENTER OF THE DIFFERENT PORTIONS OF THE VALLEY RANGE FROM LESS THAN 200 M TO MORE THAN 2 KM. THE PALEN VALLEY IS SHALLOW IN THE NORTHERN SECTION BUT REACHES A PROBABLE DEPTH OF OVER 1.5 KM IN ITS SOUTHERN PORTION. EAST OF THE CHUCKWALLA VALLEY, THE PALO VERDE VALLEY IS DIVIDED INTO TWO SEPARATE. STRUCTURAL STYLES; IN THE NORTH,A NORTHWEST TRENDING SEDIMENTARY BASIN HAS A MAXIMUM DEPTH OF AT LEAST 2 KM., WHILE THE SOUTH BASEMENT IS GENERALLY MORE FLAT AND LESS DEEP. GRAVITY / MAGNETIC STUDIES /SEISMIC STUDIES /ELECTRICAL STUDIES /FAULTS /STRUCTURE/ BASINS /GEOPHYSICS /SEDIMENTARY BASINS /CALIFORNIA

PUBLICATIONS: ROTSTEEN, Y.," GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATIONS IN SCUTHEASTERN MOJAVE DESERT, CALIFORNIA," PH.D. THESIS, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE, JUNE 1974. 141 0248 EVALUATION OF CARDON DIOXIDE LEVELS IN SOIL WATER AND DRAINAGE CHANNELS.

OSTER, J.D. U.S. SALINITY LABORATORY, 4500 GLENWOOD DRIVE, RIVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA 92501

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LOWER GILA RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 76/6 -30 -77 LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 29,000 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE, USDA THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROJECT ARE TO EVALUATE THE LEVEL OF CARBON DIOXIDE IN SOIL AIR, DRAINAGE WATERS AND DRAINAGE CHANNELS AND TO EVALUATE THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF DRAINAGE WATERS AND CALCIUM AND BICARBONATE LEVELS IN CHANNEL WATER. THE DATA GATHERED FOR EVALUATION PURPOSES WILL BE RELATED TO IRRIGATION PRACTICES AND THE EXTENT TO WHICH THEY AFFECT THE WATER QUALITY DELIVERED TO A PROPOSED DESALTING COMPLEX NEAR YUMA, ARIZONA. CARBON DIOXIDE /SOIL GASES /DRAINAGE WATER /DRAINAGE SYSTEMS /CHEMICAL ANALYSIS/ IRRIGATION PRACTICES /WATER QUALITY /DESALINATION PLANTS /ARIZONA

02149 GUILLERMO ANDRADE AND LAND DEVELOPMENT ON THE MEXICAN COLORADO RIVER DELTA, 1d74 -1905. HENDRICKS, 4.3. SHERMAN FOUNDATION LIBRARY, 614 DAHLIA AVENUE; CORONA DE1 MAR, CALIF. 92625

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO RESEARCH THE HISTORY OF THE LAND AND WATER DEVELOPMENT OF THE COLORADO RIVER DELTA. THE EMPHASIS IS ON THE ROLE OF ANDRADE WHO OWNED TAE LAND ON THE MEXICAN SIDE OF THE BORDER OVER WHICH WATER WAS BROUGHT TO IRRIGATE riE IMPERIAL VALLEY. THE BULK OF THE RESEARCH IS BASE ON THE COLORADO RIVER LAND COMPANY PAPERS LOCATEC AT THE SHERMAN FOUNDATION L I ER ARY CALIFORNIA /HISTORY /LAND DEVELOPMENT /COLORADO RIVER

PU EL ICAT IONS: HENDRICKS, W.O., "GUILLERMO ANDRADE AND LAND DEVELOPMENT ON THE MEXICAN COLORADO RIVER DELTA, 1874- 1905," PH.D. DISSERTATION IN HISTORY, UNIVERSITY OP SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, 1967. HENDRICKS, W.D., "DEVELOPING SAN DIEGO'S DESERT EMPIRE," THE JOURNAL OF SAN DIEGO HISTORY, 17(3) 1 -11, SUMMER 1971. HENDRICKS, W.O., "THE LOST CUAPA RESERVATION," PACIFIC COAST ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY QUATERLY, 12(1), 47 -53, JANUARY 1976.

0250 DISTRIBUTION OF NATIVE CALIFORNIA FAN PALM OASES IN CALIFORNIA.

142 VO GL, R.J. BIOLOGY DEPT., CALIFORDIA STATE UNIVERSITY, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90032

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT DATES OF RESEARCH: SUPPORTING AGENCIES: NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION

THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROJECT ARE THREE -FOLD: 1) TO MAP THE LOCATION AND EXTENT OF ALL PALM OASES IN CALIFORNIA: 2)TO MAK$ A CHECKLIST OF PLANT SPECIES FOUND IN EACH WATERSHED; AND 3)TO MAKE AN ACTUAL COUNT OF THE NUMBER OF PALMS (BY SIZE CLASSES) IN REPRESENTATIVE OASES IN EACH WATERSHED. THE CONDITION OF THE PALMS IN EACH OASIS MILL BE NOTED, INCLUDING THE AMOUNT OF WATER, THE ViGOR OF THE TREE AND GEOMORPHOLCGY. NO RESULTS ARE AVAILABLE AT THIS TIME. CALIFORNIA /PALM /OASES /DISTRIBUTION

0251 THE HISTORY OF THE COLORADO RIVER LAND COMPANY.

KERIG, D.P. DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE, CALIFORNIA 92717

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT THIS PROJECT IS A HISTORY OF THE COLORADO RIVER LAND COMPANY, WHICH DEVELOPED AND BROUGHT LARGE -SCALE AGRICULTURE INTO THE VALLEY,(WITH EMPHASIS ON EXPROPRIATION BY THE MEXICAN GOVERNMENT IN 1937). RECORDS OF THE COLORADO RIVER LAND COMPANY LOCATED AT SHERMAN RESEARCH LIBRARY, CORONA DEL MAR, CALIFORNIA ARE BEING USED FOR THE RESEARCH. CALIFORNIA /IRRIGATION /LAND EXPROPRIATION /LAND DEVELOPMENT

0252 EARLY EFFORTS AT USE OF THE COLORADO RIVER TO DEVELOP THE PALO VERDE VALLEY.

HENDRICKS, W.O. SHERMAN FOUNDATION LIBRARY, 614 DAHLIA AVENUE, CORONA DEL MAR, CALIF. 92625

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT THIS PROJECT IS A HISTORY OF THE EARLY ATTEMPTS, BEGINNIN.G IN THE LATE 1870'S TO USE WATER FROM THE COLORADO RIVER TO IRRIGATE THE LANDS OF THE PALO VERDE VALLEY, AS JELL AS TO PROTECT THOSE LANDS FROM THE FLOODING OF THE RIVER. THE EMPHASIS IS ON T.H. BLYTHE WHO EVIDENTLY MADE THE FIRST ATTEMPT IN CALIFORNIA TO USE THE COLORADO RIVER FOR LARGE -SCALE IRRIGATION. CALIFORNIA /PALO VERDE VALLEY /HISTORY /COLORADO RIVER

143 0253 ENERGY ,REQUIREMENTS JF ENVIRONMENTALLY INFLUENCED DECISIONS INVOLVING WATER DEVELOPMENT' AND USE.

HAGAN, R.Ì1. / ROBERTS, E.B. LAWR: WATER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS, CALIFORNIA 95616 AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: CALIFORNIA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1- 1- 74/b -30 -75 LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 14,000 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: WATER RESOURCES CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROJECT ARE TO SURVEY THE ENERGY REQUIREMENTS FOR A WIDE RANGE OF ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS OF WATER SUPPLY AND USE, WASTEWATER DISPOSAL, AND WATER RECLAMATION AND REUSE IN CALIFORNIA. THE EMPHASIS IS ON MUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY AND WASTEWATER DISPOSAL OR REUSE AS WELL AS ON IRRIGATION WATER SUPPLY TO MAJOR SERVICE AREAS THROUGH THE CENTRAL VALLEY PROJECT AND STATE WATER PRCJECT. THE ENERGY REQUIREMENTS EXAMINED FOR THIS PROJECT ARE COMPILED OR CALCULATED FROM INFORMATION SUPPLIED BY A LARGE NUMBER OF PUBLIC AGENCIES AID ÍNTERESTED INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS, BACKED UP BY AN EXTENSIVE REVIEW OF THE RECENT LITERATURE. METHODS ARE DEVELOPED FOR MEASURING THE ENERGY COSTS AND BENEFITS TO SOCIETY OF GENERATING ELECTRIC POWER AT HYDRO- ELECTRIC DAMS RATHER THAN FOSSIL -FUEL OR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS. SITUATIONS FAVORING THE USE OF PUMPED STORAGE OR FAVORING ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF PEAK POWER GENERATION ARE EXAMINED. THE ENERGY REQUIRED TO SUPPLY COOLING WATER TO ELECTRIC POWER PLANTS AT COASTAL VERSUS INLAND SITES IS ALSO CALCULATED. THIS IS A PRELIMINARY REPORT. POLICY AND PROGRAMMATIC INFORMATION WILL BE CONSIDERED AT A LATER TI1E. ENERGY /WATER SUPPLY /WATER UTILIZATION /WATER TREATMENT /DECISION MAKING /WATER QUALITY /WATER DEVELOPMENT /ALTERNATIVES /WASTE WATER DISPOSAL /ELECTRIC POWER/ REUSE

PUBLICATIONS: ROBERTS, E.H. AND R.M. HAGAN, "ENERGY REQUIREMENTS OF ALTERNATIVES IN WATER SUPPLY, USE, AND CONSERVATION: A PRELIMINARY REPORT," CALIFORNIA WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DAVIS, CONTRIBUTION NO. 155, DECEMBER 1975.

0254 COLORADO RIVER DESALTING.

MCCOTCHAN, J.W. UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, 5532 BOELTER HALL, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90024

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SOUTH COASTAL

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1- 73/3 -75 LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 6000 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: WATER RESOURCES CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA

144 THE OBJECTIVE, OF THIS PROJECT IS TO INVESTIGATE THE POSSIDLITIES OF REVERSE OSMOSIS DESALTING FOA THE COLORADO RIVER. IN EARLY 1973, THE METROPOLITAN WATER DISTRICT OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA ACQUIRED Apo INSTALLED FOUR COMMERCIAL REVERSE OSMOSIS UNITS AT ITS F.E. WEYMOUTH MEMORIAL SOFTENING AND FILTRATION FACILITIES AT LA VERNE, CALIFORNIA. A FIFTH PILCT PLANT, THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LDS ANGELES ONE -INCH DIAMETER TUBULAR UNIT, WAS INSTALLED AS & RESULT OF A COOPERATIVE AGREMENT BETWEEN THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DEPT. OF WATER RESOURCES, SOUTHERN OFFICE. THIS UNIT INÍTIALLYCONSISTEDOF 90 ONE -INCH DIAMETER TEN-FOOT LONG TUBULAR ASSEMBLIES AND WAS SUBSEQUENTLY EXPANDER TO HOUSE 18 ADDITIONAL 'PUBES. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DUAL-MEDIA FILTRATION, SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE INJECTION AND PERIODIC FLOW REVERSAL WAS EVALUATED. TESTS WERE CARRIED OUT AT VARIOUS OPERATING PRESSURES AND FEED FLOW RATES TO DETERMINE MINIMUM ENERGY REQUIREMENTS. RESULTS INDICATE SUCCESSFUL ;OPERATION OF THE UNIT FOR 22 MONTHS ON UNSOFTENED AND SOFTENED COLORADO RIVER WATER, ALTHOUGH MEMBRANE FOULING WAS EXPERIENCED. COLORADO RIVER /REVERSE OSMOSIS /DESALTING /CALIFORNIA

PUBLICATIONS: GOEL, V. AND J.W. MCCUTCHAN, " CCLORADO RIVER DESALTING BY REVERSE OSMOSIS," TO BE PRESENTED AT THE FIFTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON FRESH WATER FROM THE SPA, ALGHERO, PORTOCONTE, SARDINIA, ITALY, MAY 17 -20, 1976.

0255 INITIAL SOIL AND MICROCLIMATE INVESTIGATIONS OF THE RATTLE BUNN WATERSHEDS.

CAMPBELL, R.E. ROCKY MOUNTAIN EXPERIMENT STATION, FORESTY SCIENCE LAB., NORTHERN ARIZONA UNIVERSITY, FLAGSTAFF, ARIZONA 86001 AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SALT RIVER DATES OF RESEARCH: 1972/1974 LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 7000 SUPPQRTING AGENCIES: U.S. FOREST SERVICE

OBJECTIVES ARE 1) TO QUANTIFY THE RATE OF CHANGE OF SEVERAL SOIL AND WATER PARAMETERS FOLLOWING A WILDFIRE; 2) TO INVESTIGATE THE MICROCLIMATE of* THE BURNED AND UNBURNED WATERSHEDS. SOILS WERE SAMPLED PERIODICALLY TO DETERMINE CHANGES IN NUTRIENTS AND SOIL MOISTURE, AND OTHER PHYSICAL PARAMETERS. STREAM FLOW WAS MEASURED AND RUNOFF WATER WAS ANALYZED. FIRE /PONDEROSA PINE /MICROCLIMATOLOGY /SOIL MOISTURE /WATERSHED MANAGEMENT

0256 MICROCLIMATE MODIFICATION BY SPRINKLER IRRIGATION AND IT,S INFLUENCE ON CROP GROWTH. ROBINSON, F.E. WATER SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING, AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS, CALIFORNIA 95616 AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

145 DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1- 73/6 -30 -75 LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 3500 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE THE PURPOSE OF THIS PROJECT IS TO ANALYZE THE EFFECT OF THE USE OF SPRINKLER MICROCLIMATE CONTROL ON THE CROP PRODUCTION CAPACITY IN THE IMPERIAL VALLEY OF CALIFORNIA. CROPS ARE PLANTED IN PLOTS AT INTERVALS THROUGHOUT THE YEAR AND COOLED DAILY WITH SPRINKLER IRRIGATION. A 24 POINT THERMOGRAPH READS PLANT, SOIL, AND AIR TEMPERATURES UNDER THE SPRINKLERS. PLANT VIGOR AND YIELD ARE OBTAINED AS A FUNCTION OF TIME OF YEAR WITHIN THE MODIFIED MICRCCLIMATE. THE FOLLOWING RESULTS WERE OBSERVED. FIRST, WEEKLY SPRINKLER IRRIGATION IS AS EFFECTIVE AS DAILY SPRINKLING. SECOND, SPRINKLER IRRIGATION LEADS TO A LOWER PERCENTAGE OF ABORTED SEED, -A HIGHER PERCENTAGE OF SET, BUT A SMALLER AVERAGE SEED WEIGHT WHEN COMPARED WITH FURROW IRRIGATION. THIRD, PERCENT OF ABORTED BUDS IS THE SAME IN THE SPRINKLED OR SURFACE IRRIGATED ONIONS. IMPERIAL VALLEY /CALIFORNIA /MICROCLIMATOLOGY /SPRINKLER IRRIGATION /CROP PRODUCTION /'THERMOGRAPH

PU BLICATIONS:

ROBINSON, F.E., K.S. MAYBERRY, W.F. LEHAMAN, K.K. TANJI, J.N. LUTHIN, "MAXIMIZING YIELDS BY SPRINKLER IRRIGATION WITH SALINE WATER, "PROC. 1975 CALIFORNIA PLANT AND SOIL CONFERENCE, CALIF. CHAPTER AM. SOCIETY AGRON., JANUARY, 1975, P. 37 -38. ROBINSON, F.E., "SPRINKLER IRRIGATION OF ONION SEED IN IMPERIAL VALLEY," MIMEO REPORT FOR SIXTH NATIONAL ONION AND CARROT SEED PRODUCTION CONFERENCE AND WORKSHOP, FEB.24 -25, DAVIS, CALIF. ABSTRACT PROCEEDINGS, C.E. PETERSON, 1975, WISCONSIN, P. 10 -11. KACDAH, M.T., W.F. LEHMAN, B.D. MEEK, F.E. ROBINSON, "SALINITY EFFECTS. ON RICE AFTER THE BOOT STAGE," AGRON. J.. 670):416-39. JUNE 1975. MARSH, A.W. ,H. JOHNSON, JR. , F. E. ROBINSON, N. MCRAE, K. MAYBERRY, AND D. RIRIE, "SOLID SET SPRINKLERS FOR STARTING VEGETABLE CROPS, "DIVISION OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA. LEAFLET 22265 :1 -10, MAY.

0257 HABITAT AND WILDLIFE INVENTORY OF THE IMPERIAL DIVISION CF THE COLORADO RIVER.

BL ANKSHIP, T. DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME, ROUTE 1,BOX 6, NILANC, CALIFORNIA 92257

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1971/8 -76 THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS REPORT IS TO DEVELOP ACREAGE FIGURES FOR WILDLIFE HABITAT ALONG THE IMPERIAL DIVISION OF THE COLORADO RIVER. WILDLIFE HABITATS IN MARSH AREAS, OPEN WATER AREAS, AND RIPARIAN APEAS ARE INCLUDED IN THE STUDY. AERIAL PHOTOS ARE USED TO DETERMINE ACREAGE. THE FINAL REPORT OF THE HABITAT AND WILDLIFE INVENTORY STUDY INCORPORATES THE WILDLIFE DATA (AERIAL WATERFOWL COUNTS, HERON AND EGRET ROOKERY INFORMATION, BIRD OBSERVATION, ETC.) COLLECTED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME. WILDLIFE HABITATS /CALIFORNIA /AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY /WATERFOWL /MARSHES /ACREAGE/ COLORADO RIVER

146 02 5d SALININTY MANAGEMENT IN THE COLORADO RIVER BASIN,

ROBINSON, F. S. WATER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS, CALIFORNIA 95616

AREA(S)OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1- 73/6 -30 -78 LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 13,000 SUPPORTING AGENCIEiS: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE THE PURPOSE Of THIS RESEARCH IS TO DEVELOP METHODS FOR UNDERSTANDING AND MANAGING SALINITY FROM AGRICULTURAL AND DIFFUSE NATURAL SOURCES .IN THE COLORADO RIVER BASIN. THE STUDY PROCEDURE INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING ASPECTS: FIRST, WATE ì QF THE PROJECTED SALINITY FOR YEAR 2000 IN THE COLORADO RIVER IS BEING USED TO IRRIGATE VARIOUS CROPS, UNDER DIFFERENT LEACHING RATIOS IN THE IMPERIAL VALLEY. SECOND,A LARGE TANK AT DAVIS, CALIFORNIA IS BEING USED TO STUDY THE MOVELIENT OF SALT TOWARDS DRAINS. THIRD, DETAILED CHEMICAL STUDIES OF SOIL -WATER REAÇTION ARE BEING CARRIED OUT. FINALLY, THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEN IRRIGATION WATER QUALITY AND DRAINAGE IS BEING EXAMINED. THUS FAR, RESEARCH RESULTS INDICATE: 1) GRANEX 33 ONION AND IMPERATOR CARROT SHOWED SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER EMERGENCE WHEN USING THE LOWER SALINITY WATER; 2)UC 76 ALFALFA, COPENHAGEN MARKET CABBAGE, IMPERATOR 58 CARROT, EARLY PREMIUM ONION, SNOWBALL #4 CAULIFLOWER, AND U.S.H 10 SUGAR BEET HAVE A HIGH YIELD USING THE LOWER SALINITY WATER BUT NOT SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER; 3) THE YIELDS OF CLIMAX LETTUCE/ PACIFICA BROCCOLI, SORGHUM, SUGAR BEETS, TOP MARK CANTALOUPE, AND CAJEME 71 WHEAT ABE NOT HIGHER USING THE LOWER SALINITY WATER. SALINITY /COLORADO RIVER /CALIFORNIA /IMPERIAL VALLEY /LEACHING /CROP PRODUCTION/ AGRICULTURE /ION TRANSPORT /SOIL -WATER-PLANT RELATIONSHIPS

PUBLICATIONS: KACDAH, M.T., W.F. LEHMAN, F.E. ROBINSON, "TOLERANCE OF RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L) TO SALT DURING BOOT, FLOWERING, AND GRAIN FILLING STAGE," AGRON. J. 65:845-e84. SEPTEMBER 1973. HWANG, R.B., K.K. TANJI, J.N. LUTHIN, AND F.E. ROBINSON, "A COMPUTER MODEL OAF SALT ACCUMULATION IN THE ROOT ZONE FROM A SALINE STATIONARY WATER TABLE," WATER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PAPER 4009, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS, AUGUST, 1975. ROBINSON, F.E., K.S. MAYBERRY, W.F. LEHMAN, K.K. TANIU, AND J.N. LUTHIN, "CROP RESPONSE TO HIGHER SALINITY IN SPRINKLER IRRIGATION," PRESENTED AT THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS, JUNE 22 -25, 1975. NOEL, J., C. V.MOORE, F.E. ROBINSON, AND J.H. SNYDER, "EFFECT OF WATER QUALITY AND IRRIGATION FREQUENCY ON FARM INCOME IN THE IMPERIAL VALLEY," CALIFORNIA AGRICULTURE 29: (11) :13 -17.

0259 LAND AND WATER USE EFFECTS ON GROUND -WATER QUALITY IN LAS VEGAS VALLEY.

KAUFMANN, R.F. WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, 4582 MARYLAND PARKWAY, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89109 AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY

DATES OF RESEARCH: 12- 69/1 -74 LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 788,940

147 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY LAS VEGAS VALLEY WATER DISTRICT THE HYDROGEOLOGIC STUDY OF THE SHALLOW GROUND -WATER ZONE IN LAS VEGAS VALLEY, NEVADA DETE3IINED THE SOURCES AND EXTENT OF GRCUND -WATER CONTAMINATION TO DEVELOP MANAGEMENT ALTERNATIVES AND MINIMIZE ADVERSE EFFECTS. AN EXTENSIVE, COMPUTERIZED DATA BASE UTILIZING WATER ANALYSES, WELL LOGS, HEAD MEASUREMENTS, AND SURFACE FLOWS WAS DEVELOPED. FLOW SYSTEM ANALYSIS, GROSS CHEMICAL DATA AND TRITIUM ANALYSES WERE USED IN COMBINATION WITH TREND SURFACE TECHNIQUES TO ASCERTAIN NATURAL AND CONTAMINATED GROUND -'WATER QUALITY TO DEPTHS OF 0 -50, 51 -100, AND 101 -300 FEET. AT DEPTHS BELOW 100 FEET, ALL CONSTITUENTS EXCEPT NITRATE ARE RATHER SYSTEMATICALLY DISTRIBUTEC, REFLECTING NATURAL CONTROLS. NITRATE AND CHLORIDE IN THE ZONE FROM 0 TO 50 FEET IS CLOSELY RELATED TO WASTE DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES. TRITIUM IS HIGÜLY INDICATIVE CF RETURN FLOWS ASSOCIATED WITHIN IN- VALLEY DISTRIBUTION OF COLORADO RIVER WATER. THE RUDIMENTS OF A MONITORING PROGRAM ARE OUTLINED, BUT MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES FOR SHALLOW GROUND WATER ARE UNDEFINED BY RESPONSIBLE AGENCIES. MANAGEMENT OF SHALLOW GROUND WATER BEARS ON VALLEY -WIDE AND REGIONAL WATER MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND WILL BECOME INCREASINGLY IMPORTANT WHEN NON -POINT SOURCE RETURN FLOWS DOUBLE OR TRIPLE TO ABOUT 30,000 TO 120,000 ACRE -FT /YR IN THE NEXT 20 TO 30 YEARS. NEVADA /WATER POLLUTION /URBANIZATION /HYDROLOGY /GROUNDWATER /ANALOG MCDEL S/ MODEL STUDIES /TRITIUM /NITRATES /AQUIFERS

PUBLICATIONS: KAUFMANN, R.F., "LAND AND WATER USE EFFECTS ON GROUND -WATER QUALITY IN LAS VEGAS VALLEY," PROJECT 8800946, PREPARED FOR OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND MONITORING, U.S ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, PROJECT OFFICER FREDRIC HOFFMAN, REGION IX EPA, JUNE 1976. KAUFMANN, R.F., "EFFECTS OF BASIC MANAGEMENT, INC. EFFLUENT DISPOSAL ON THE HYDROGEOLOGY AND WATER QUALITY OF THE LOWER LAS VEGAS WASH AREA, NEVADA," CENTER FOR WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INTERIM PROGRESS REPORT TO U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY ON PROJECT NO. 13030 EOB,1971. PATT, R.O., "LAS VEGAS VALLEY WATER BUDGET: RELATIONSHIP OF DISTRIBUTION, CONSUMPTIVE USE, AND RECHARGE TO SHALLOW GROUND WATER," WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, IN PRESS. WESTPHAL, J.A. AND W.E. NORK, "RECONNAISSANCE ANALYSIS OF EFFECTS OF WASTE WATER DISCHARGE ON THE SHALLOW GROUND -WATER FLOW SYSTEM, LOWER LAS VEGAS VALLEY, NEVADA," WATER RESOURCES CENTER, DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA SYSTEM, PROJECT REPORT NO.19, APRIL 1972. KAUFMANN, R.F., "HYDROGEOLOGIC AND WATER QUALITY EFFECTS OF INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT DISPOSAL ON ALLUVIAL FANS IN SOUTHERN NEVADA," PAPER PRESENTED AT THE ANNUAL XEETING OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, 1972

0260 THE ORIGINS AND EVOLUTION OF THE CALIFORNIA- NEVADA COMMISSION: INTERSTATE CONFLICT OVER TAHOE WATER USES, 1935 -1968. JACKSON, W.T. DEPT. OF HISTORY, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS, CALIFORNIA 95616

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: NORTH LAHONTAN

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7- 1- 71/6 -30 -74 LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 16,000 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

148 THIS PROJECT IS A HISTORY OF THE CALIFORNIA- NEVADA INTERSTATE COMPACT COMMISSION FRO:1 ITS FORMATION IN 1955 THROUGH 1971. THE CQMMISSION WAS RESPONSIBLE F03 DRAFTING A COMPACT DIVIDING UP THE SURPLUS WATER OF ONE INTERSTATE LAKE, LAKE TAHOE AND THREE INTERSTATE STREAMS, THE TRUCKEE, CARSON AND WALKER RIVERS. HOWEVER, LARGELY BECAUSE OF OPPOSITION FROM THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, THE COMPACT HAS NEVER TAKEN EFFECT. THE FEDERAL AGENCIES INTERESTED IN LAKE TAHOE, PARTICULARLY THE DEPT. OF THE INTERIOR, HAVE BLOCKED ANY CHANCE FOR THE TWO STATES TO SOLVE THEIR MUTUAL WATER PROBLEMS BY IMPOSING A NEW SET OF NEGOTIATING CONDITIONS ON THE COMMISSIONERS AFTER A FORMAL COMPACT BETWEEN THE STATES WAS ADOPTED. COMPACT NEGOTIATORS ACCEPTED EXISTING COURT DECREES AS A BASIS FOR DETERMINING HOW MUCH WATER WAS UNAPPROPRIATED AND FEDERAL REPRESENTATIVES WHO SAT IN ON NEGOTIATIONS ALSO ACCEPTED ESTABLISHED USES AS THE FOUNDATION FOR NEGOTIATIONS. BUT IN THE LATE 1960'S APPARENTLY BECAUSE OF INCREASING POLITICAL PRESSURE FROM MILITANT AMERICAN INDIAN GROUPS, THE INTERIOR DEPARTMENT DISCOVERED A NEW WATER DOCTRINE THAT CONFLICTED WITH ITS EARLIER ASSUMPTIONS. THEY CONCLUDE THAT MUCH OF THE CRITICISM LEVELLED AT THE COMPACT COMMISSION HAS BEEN UNJUSTIFIED CONSIDERING THE STATUTORY LIMITATIONS IMPOSED ON THE COMMISSION'S AUTHORITY WHEN NEGOTIATIONS BEGAN. FINALLY, THIS REPORT ILLUSTRATES THE CONTINUING CONFLICT OVER WATER USE PRIORITIES IN THE AMERICAN WEST. THROUGHOUT NEGOTIATIONS THE RELATIVE VALUE OF WATER USE FOR RECREATION WAS TESTED AGAINST THE NEEDS OF FARMER, POWER COMPANIES AND OTHER INTEREST GROUPS. THE AGREEMENTS REACHED REFLECT THE DIFFICULTY WATER USE PLANNERS HAVE HAD IN RECONCILING CONFLICTING AND OFTEN INCONSISTENT DEMANDS ON A LIMITED RESOURCE. INTERSTATE COMPACTS /HISTORY /WATER POLICY /INTERSTATE COMMISSIONS /CALIFORNIA/ NEVADA

PUBLICATIONS: JACKSON, W.T. AND D.J. PISANI, "A CASE STUDY IN INTERSTATE RESOURCE MANAGE- MENT: THE CALIFORNIA- NEVADA WATER CONTROVERSY, 1965- 1955." CALIFORNIA WATER RESOURCES CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, CONTRIBUTION NO. 142, 1973, 51 P. JACKSON, W.T. AND D.J. PISANI, "A CASE STUDY IN INTERSATE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: THE CALIFORNIA- NEVADA CONTROVERSY, 1955 -1968." CALIFORNIA WATER RESOURCES CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, CONTRIBUTION NO. 147, 70 P.

0261 GEOTHEeMAL LOOP EXPERIMENTAL FACILITY.

SAN DIEGO GAS AND ELECTRIC COMPANY P.O. BOX 1831, SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA 92112

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT

DATES OF RESEARCH: 6 -31- 75/6 -31 -78 LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 7,800,000 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: ENERGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION SAN DIEGO GAS AND ELECTRIC CO.

149 THIS DESCRIBES THE SAN DIEGO GAS 4ND ELECTRIC COMPANY'S NOMINAL 10 MEGAWATT GEOTHERMAL LOOP EXPE!IMENTAL FACILITY NEAR THE NILAND AREA, AT THE SOUTHERN END OF THE SALTON SEA. GEOTHERMAL ENERGY FROM THE STEAM AND BRINE FROM THE NILAND ANOMALY IS CHARACTERIZED BY HIGH TEMPERATURE BRINES WITH SALINITY RANGING FROM 250,000 TO 350,000 PARTS PER MILLION. THE GEOTHERMAL LOOP SERVES TWO PURPOSES: 1) TO DETERMINE THE TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC INFORMATION REGARDING EQUIPMENT AND OPERATING COSTS; AND 2) TO PROVE OUT THE SIZE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RESERVOIR. BOTH OF THESE GOALS '1UST BE MET FOR FUTURE DEVELOPMENT. THE GEOTHER- MAL LOOP FLASHES THE BRINE TO STE4M IN FOUR STAGES. THE STEAM IS THEN SEPARATED FROM THE BRINE AND SCRUBBED TO REMOVE SALTS AN[ MINERALS BEFORE IT ENTERS THE HEAT EXCHANGERS AND VAPORIZES THE WORKING FLUID, ISOBUTANE IN THIS CASE. THE GEOTHERMAL BRINE PORTION OF THE UNIT IS A CLOSED LOOP, THAT IS, THE BRINE IS REINJECTED WITHOUT EXPOSURE TO AIR. AN EXPANSION VALVE SIMULATES THE PRESSURE LOSS OF A 10 MEGAWATT TURBINE SINCE A TURBINE /GENERAOR SET IS NOT INSTALLED. THROUGH OBSERVATIONS OF RESERVOIR PRESSURE, TEMPERATURES AND FLOWS THAT GILL BE OBTAINED DURING THE OPERATION OF THE FACILITY, A DETERMINATION CAN BE MADE OF THE CAPABILITY OF THE RESERVOIR. PRESSURE CHANGES WITHIN THE WELLS OVER PERIODS OF TIME WILL PROVIDE ANSWERS TO THE QUESTIONS OF RESERVOIR SIZE AND PERMEABILITY. DETERMINATION OF THE PERMEAEILITY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RESERVOIR IS NECESSARY TO OPTIMIZE THE DESIGN OF THE PRODUCTION - INJECTION SYSTEM. CALIFORNIA /BRIMES /GEOTHERMAL STUDIES /RESERVOIRS

0262 EFFECT OF CHANGING .WATER QUALITY AND SUPPLY ON IMPERIAL VALLEY, CALIFORNIA.

SNYDER, J.H. /MOORE, C.V. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS, CALIF. 95616

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT DATES OF RESEARCH: 1969/1973 LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 57,000 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT WATER RESOURCES CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA THE O%ÌERALL RESEARCH OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROJECT WERE TO INVESTIGATE TEE SHORT AND LONG -TERM IMPACT OF INCREASED SALINITY AND REDUCED WATER SUPPLY IN THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER ON THE ECONOMY OF THE IMPERIAL VALLEY OF CALIFORNIA. ALL WATER, FLOWING IN RIVER SYSTEMS, CONTAINS SOME DISSOLVED SALTS -- USUALLY IDENTIFIED AS A BASIC SALT LOAD. A PORTION CF THE WATER DIVERTED FROM RIVERS AND STREAMS AT HIGHER ELEVATIONS RETURNS TO THE STREAMBEDWITH THE BASIC SALT LOAD MORE HIGHLY CONCENTRATED -- BY EVAPORATION -- ALONG WITH AN ADDITONAL SALT LOAD PICKED UP AS THE +CATER MOVES THROUGH THE SOIL. AS WATER FLOWS FROM THE HEAD OF THE STREAM Ti ITS MOUTH, THIS PROCESS IS REPEATED CAUSING SALINITY TO BE GREATEST AT LOWER REACHES. EVEN WATER NOT LIVERTED BY MAN WILL INCREASE IN SALT LOAD AS IT FLOWS AMONG, OVER AND THROUGH SOIL OR ROCKS, DISSOLVING MINERALS AS IT FLOWS IN SURFACE CHANNELS OR THROUGH SUBSURFACE AQUIFERS. AGRICULTURE IS STRONGLY AFFECTED BY VARIATION IN IRRIGATION WATER SALINITY AND IN TURN CAUSES A SIGNIFICANT EFFECT ON OTHER WATER USERS IN THE BASIN. PREDICT- ING FUTURE EFFECTS OF CHANGES IN THE QUALITY AND FLOW OF THE RIVER STRESSES THE DYNAMICS INVOLVED IN SOLUTIONS OF THE PROBLEM. THE MAGNITUDE AND SERIOUSNESS OF THE PROBLEM INCREASES WITH THE LENGTH OF THE STREAM AND THE ARIDITY OF THE REGION. SALINITY /IRRIGATION WATER /ECONOMICS /IRRIGATION EFFECTS /SALT LOAD /CALIFORNIA/ COLORADO RIVER /LOWER COLORADO RIVER

150 PUBLICATIONS: MOORE, C.V. AND J. H.S NYT)ER, "ALTERNATIVE WATER POLICIES FOR AN ARID REGION," 4ATER AND UESTERN DESTINY: FROM CONFLICT TO CCQPEBATION. PROCEEDINGS OF TnE THIRD WESTERN INTERSTATE WATER CONFERENCE, FORT COLLINS, COLORADO 1969, P. 63 -67. MOORE, C.V., "ECONOMICS OF WATER QUALITY CONTROL," PROCEEDINGS OF THE 39TH WESTERN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS ASSOCIATION MEETINGS, TUCSON, ARIZONA, JULY 25 -27,1971, P. 288 -294.

0263 CLIMATIC OBSERVATIONS ON THE BEAVER CREEK WATERSHEDS IN ARIZONA (A37 -7),.

CAMPBELL, R.E. t0CKY MOUNTAIN EXPERIMENT STATION, FORESTRY SCIENCES LABORATORY, NORTHERN ARIZONA UNIVERSITY, FLAGSTAFF, ARIZONA 86001 AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SALT RIVER DATES OF RESEARCH: 1958 /CONTINUING LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 5000 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. FOREST SERVICE OBJECTIVES ARE 1)Tg PROVIDE PRECIPITATION AND OTHER CLIMATIC DATA TO BE USED IN INTERPRETING WATERSHED BEHAVIOR. 2) TO PROVIDE DATA FOR TESTING WATERSHED MODELS. PRECIPITATION IS MEASURED AT OVER 50 SITES THROUGHOUT THE BEAVER CREEK WATERSHED STUDY AREA, USING STANDARD, RECORDING AND STORAGE GAGES. AIR TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY DATA APE RECORDED AT SEVERAL SITES. WIND, SOLAR RADIATION AND SOLAR RADIATION ARE ALSO RECORDED. WEATHER DA +A /AIR TEMPERATURE /SOIL TEMPERATURE /PONDEROSA PINE /HUMIDITY /JUNIPER/ SOLAR RADIATION /PRECIPITATION(AT.7OSPHERIC)

0264 WATER QUALITY AS AFFECTED BY MIXED CONIFER LOGGING OF THE THOMAS CREEK WATERSHEDS, ARIZONA (A37 -5) . CAMPBELL, R.E. ROCKY MOUNTAIN EXPERIMENT STATION, FORESTRY SCIENCES LABORATORY, NORTHERN ARIZONA UNIVERSITY, FLAGSTAFF, ARIZONA 86001 AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SALT RIVER DATES OF RESEARCH: 1975/1983 LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 12,000 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. FOREST SERVICE OBJECTIVES WERE TO D3TERRINE THE EFFECTS OF LCGGING OPERATIONS ON THE CHEMICAL QUALITY OF WATER PRODUCED ON THE THOMAS CREEK WATERSHEDS, AND TO PROVIDE WATER QUALITY DATA WHICH MAY BE USED FOR TESTING WATER QUALITY MODELS ON THE THOMAS CREEK WATERSHEDS. RUNOFF FROM3 WATERSHEDS, ONE TREATED, ONE TO BE LOGGED AND A CONTROL, IS SAMPLED PERIODICALLY WITH AUTOMATIC PUMPING SA4PLERS. WATER SAMPLES ARE ANALYZED FOR TOTAL SOLUBLE SALTS, PH CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM, SULFUR, CHLORINE, SULFURIC ACID, AND FLUORINE. ON -SITE DO, ALKALINITY E PH ARE CHECKED. SAMPLES ARE ALSO ANALYZED FOR SUSPENDED SEDIMENT. ARIZONA /NUTRIENT CYCLING / WATER QUALITY /LOGGING /MIXED CONIFER /WATERSHED MANAGEMENT

151 0265 WATER QUALITY AS AFFECTED "BY FOREST MANAGEMENT TREATMENT IN THE BEAVER CREEK PINE WATERSHEDS. CAM ?BELL, R.Ey ROCKY MOUNTAIN EXPERIMENT STATION, FORESTRY SCIENCES LABORATORY, NORTHERN ARIZONA UNIVERSITY, FLAGSTAFF, ARIZONA 86001

AREA (S) OF RESEARCH: SALT RIVER DATES OF RESEARCH: 1975/1985 LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 8000 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. FOREST SERVICE OBJECTIVES ARE 1)TO PROVIDE NUTRIENT DATA, BOTH ATMOSPHERIC SOURCE AND WATER- SHED OUT -FLOW, FROM TREATED AND UNTREATED FORESTED LANDS TO BE USED IN TESTING EVALUATING NUTRIENT CYCLING MODELS. 2). TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTS OF FOREST AND MANAGEMENT 'TREATMENTS ON CHEMICAL COMPONENTS OF RUNOFF WATER QUALITY. 3) TO DETERMINE WHAT QUALITY OF WATER IS BEING PRODUCED FROM PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS ON VOLCANIC -DERIVED SOILS. RUNOFF WATER IS SAMPLED FROM EPHEMERAL STREAMS WITH AUTOMATIC PU:IPING SAAPLERS. SAMPLES OF PRECIPITATION AND SOLID FALLOUT ARE TAKEN PERIODICALLY. SAMPLES ARE ANALYZED FOR CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM, CHLORINE, SULFURIC ACID, FLUORINE, AND TOTAL SOLUBLE SALTS. ON -SITE DO, PH AND ALKALINITY ARE CHECKED. ARIZONA /WATER QUALITY /PONDEROSA PINE /WATERSHED MANAGEMENT /NUTRIENTS

PUBLICATIONS: BROWN, H.E., M.B. BAKER, J.R. ROGERS, W.P. CLARY, J.L. KOVNER, C.C. AVERY, AND R.E. CAMPBELL, "OPPORTUNITIES FOR INCREASING WATER YIELDS AND OTHER MULTIPLE USE VALUES ON PONDEROSA PINE FOREST LANDS. USDA FOREST SERVICE RES. PAP. RM -129, 1974.

0266 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENTS IN WATER RESOURCE PLANNING AND POLICY - M A K I ItG.

BRADLEY -, M.D. DEPT'. OF HYDROLOGY AND. WATER RESOURCES, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA (S)OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA DATES OF RESEARCH: 7-1-73/7-1-75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 82,720 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THE PROPOSED RESEARCH INVOLVES DOCUMENTARY AND FIELD RESEARCH DIRECTED AT. EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENTS AS INFORMATION GENERATING DEVICES FOR WATER RESOURCES :1ANAGERS AND PUBLIC POLICY -MAKERS. THE APPROACH WILL BE SUBSTANTIVE AND ANALYTICAL, SUBSTANCE WILL. BE DEVELOPED FROM TWO COMPARATIVE'

CASE EXAMPLES OF THE USE OF WATER RESOURCE ENVIRONMENTAL .IMPACT STATEMENTS AND ANALYSIS WILL BE DIRECTED TOWARD QUANTITATIVE MODELS OF THE POLICY -MAKING PROCESS. CASE EXAMPLES AND ANALYTICAL MODELS WILL BE CORRELATED FOR PRACTICAL APPLICATION 3Y LOCAL, STATE, AND FEDERAL DECISION- MAKERS RESPONSIBLE FOR EVALUATING THE ENVIRONMENTAL :IMPACTS OF VARIOUS WATER RESOURCE PROJECTS AND POLICIES. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS /ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES /EVALUATION /ARIZONA

152 0267 DEVELOPMENT OF PLANS FOE SANTA ÇTJUZ LINEAR PARK (TUCSON, ARIZONA). pESNTCK, S.D. WATE RE OURCE$ RESEARCH CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF APIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

ARfA($1 OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 11 -1- 75/6 -3Q -76 LEVEL OF FUNDING: 3 2537 $UPPQRTING AGENCIES: ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY GUY GREENE AND ASSOC. MARUM AND MARUM, INC. UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA APPLICATION OF WATER :1ANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PLANS FOi A PARK -TYPE COMPLEX UTILIZING TREATED SEWAGE EFF).UENT; STORM RUNOFF; AND TREATED INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS FOR LANDSCAPE IRRIGATION AND WATER -RELATED RECREATION WATER UTILIZATION /WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT /WATER MANAGEMENT(APPLIED) /STORM RUNOFF/WATER CONSERVATION /ARIZONA

'UBLICATIONS: WATER RESOURCES REPORT FOR USE IN PREPARATION OF A MASTER PLAN FOR THE SANTA CRUZ LINEAR PARK" FINAL REPORT IN PROGRESS, TUCSON ARIZONA.

0268 RESERVOIR ENGINEERING - DEVELOPMENT OF IMPROVED METHODS FOR CHARACTERIZING GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIRS AND MEASURING THEIR DYNAMIC BEEAVIOE UNDER PRODUCTION. WITHERSPOON, P.A. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LABORATORY, BLDG. 90, RM. 2142, BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA 94720

AREA.(S) OF RESEARCH: COLORADO DESERT THE PROJECT OBJECTIVES CONSIST OF DEVELOPING MATHEMATIC MODELS AS WELL AS YIELD METHODS FOR UNDERSTANDING THE HYDRODYNAMIC AND THEREODYNAMIC BEHAV IOR or GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS. COMPUTER EROGRAMS HAVE PEEN DEVELOPED TO rilIMULATER I) LIQUID- DOMINATED SYSTEMS (SCHAFF), II) LIQUID -DOMINATED SYSTEMS EXPERIENCING SU ESIDENCE (SUBSIDE) ,AND III) SYSTEMS WITH TWC -PHASE FLOW REGIME (SHAFT) . EMPLOYING AN INTEGRATED FINITE DIFFERENCE APPROACH, THESE PROGRAMS SOLVE FOR A MULTIDIMENSIONAL FLOW FIELD. TOWARDS IMPROVING EXISTING MATHEMATICAL MODELS, PRELIMINARY WORK HAS BEEN COMPLETED IN BLENDING THE FINITE ELEMENT AND THE INTEGRATED FINITE DIFFERENCE TECHNIQUES (PROGRAM FLUMP), A PROGRAM HAS ALSO BEEN DEVELOPED TO SIMULATE EFFECTS OF REINJECTION IN GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIRS. FIELD TESTING OF GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIRS IS IN PROGRESS IN RAFT RIVER VALLEY, IDAHO AND AT EAST MESA, SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. THESE TESTS ARE AIMED AT ESTIMATING THE PERMEABILITY AND STORAGE PARAMETERS OF THE RESERVOIR AND DECIPHERING RESERVOIR GEOMETRY USING ACCURATE FLUID PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS. EXPERIENCE GAINED THUS FAR INDICATES THAT PRESSURE TRANSIENT DATA FROM GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIRS MAY BE MASKED BY EXTRANEOUS NOISES DUE TO EARTH , MICROSEISMS OR OTHER CAUSES. APPROPRIATE TECHNIQUES ARE BEING DEVELOPED TO ACCOUNT FOR THESE PERTURBATIONS. THE QUESTION WHETHER THE SYSTEMS' RESPONSE TO NATURAL PPHENO?(ENA CAN ITSELF BE HELPFUL IN EVALUATING SYSTEM PARAMETERS IS UNCER STUDY. RESERVOIR MODELS/GEOTHERMAL STUDIES /FINITE ELEMENT METHOD /REINJECTION TESTS/ FIELD TESTS /WELL TESTING /EARTH TIDES /CALIFORNIA /UTAH

153 PU EL ICATIONS: WITHERSPOON, P.A., S.P. NEUMAN, N.L. SOREY, AND M.J. LIPPMANN, "MODELING GEOTHERMAL SYSTEAS," LAWRENCE BERKELEY LABORATORY REPORT LBL-3263, MAY 1975. NARASIMHAN, T. N. ,P. A. WITHERSPCCN, "AN INTEGRATED FINITE DIFFERENCE METHOD FOR ANALYZING "FLUID FLOW IN POROUS MEDIA, ". WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH 12(1):57 -64, 1976. NEUMAN, S.P., AND T.N. NARASIMHAN, "MIXED EXPLICIT - IMPLICIT ITERATIVE FINITE ELEMENT SCHEME FOE DIFFUSION -TYPE PROBLEMS: I. THEORY," LAWRENCE BERKELEY LABORATORY REPORT LSL-4405, AUGUST 1975. NARASIMHAN, T.N., S.P. NEUMAN, AND A.L. EDWARCS, "MIXED EXPLICIT-IMPLICIT ITERATIVE EXAMPLES," LAWRENCE BERKELEY LABORATORY REPORT 4406, AUGUST 1975.

0269 WATER RESOURCES PROBLEMS AND RESEARCH BUDGET PROJECTIONS FY 1978, FOR THE COLORADO RIVER - REGION. CONSORTIUM OF WATER INSTITUTES AND CENTERS (CWIC)

AREA(S)OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA NEVADA CALIFORNIA SINCE MANY WATER RESOURCE PROBLEMS ARE REGIONAL IN CHARACTER AND CAN BEST BE ADCRESSED THROUGH INTER- UNIVERSITY COLLABORATION, THERE IS A NEED TO CONSIDER WATER RESOURCES PROBLEMS, RESEARCH PRIORITIES, AND RESEARCH PROGRAM PLANNING AND BUDGETING ON A REGIONAL BASIS AS WELL. THIS REPORT SUMMARIZES WATER PROBLEMS AND RESEARCH BUDGET PROJECTIONS FOR FY 1978 FOR THE COLORADO RIVER - GREAT BASIN REGION. THE INDIVIDUAL STATE PRIORITY PROBLEM ASSESSMENTS AND BUDGETARY REQUIREMENTS FOR THOSE STATES COMPRISING THE COLORADO RIVER-GREAT BASIN CONSORTIUM OF RATER RESEARCH INSTITUTES AND CENTERS (CWIC) ARE INCLUDED: I.E., ARIZONA, CALIFORNIA, COLORADO, NEVADA, UTAH AND WYOMING. WATER RESOURCES /REGIONAL ANALYSIS /COLORADO RIVER /PLANNING /GREAT BASIN REGION/ ARIZONA /CALIFORNIA /COLORADO /NEVADA /UTAH /WYOMING

PUBLICATIONS: "WATER RESOURCES PROiLEMS AND RESEARCH BUDGET PROJECTIONS FT 1978 FOR THE COLORADO RIVER -GREAT BASIN REGION," PREPARED COOPERATIVELY BY WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH INSTITUTES OF ARIZONA, CALIFORNIA, COLORADO, NEVADA, UTAH AND WYOMING, DECEMBER 1975.

0270 EVALUATION OF GROUNDJATER RESERVES IN THE SANTA CRUZ VALLEY AREA, PIMA AND SANTA CRUZ COUNTIES, ARIZONA. SUMNER, J.S. DEPT. OF GEOSCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 76/10 -1 -77 LEVEL OF FUNDING: 3 10,600 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

154 THE OBJECTIVES ARE 1) TO REVIEW GRAVITY SURVEY DATA IN THE SANTA CRUZ VALLEY AND TRIBUTARY AREAS, DETERMINING GRAVITY ANOMALY PATTERNS; 2) TC CARRY OUT ADDITIONAL GRAVITY SURVEYS TO FILL IN DATA GAPS AND TO PROVIDE GRAVITY PROFILE DATA ACROSS VALLEY; 3) TO MODEL THE MOST PROBABLE SUBSURFACE BEDROCK DEPTHSIN THE SANTA CRUZ VALLEY AREA, FROM THE STANDPOINT .OF PROBABLE SUBSURFACE DENSITY VALUES AS RELATED TO THE GRAVITY ANOMALIES; 4)TO NUMERICALLY INTEGRATE GRAVITY ANOMALY AREAS TO ARRIVE ATA VALUE FOR MASS DEFICIEtNCIES IN THE REGION: 5) TO INTERPRET THE PROBABLE AMOUNT OF GROUNDWATER IN THE SANTA CRUZ VALLEY AREA, BASED ON THE RESULTS OF THE GRAVITY ANALYSIS.

GRAVITY SURVEY /GROUNDWATER /ARIZONA /SANTA CRUZ VALLEY'

0271

IDENTIFICATION OF AQUIFER PARAMETERS USING NUMERICAL TECHNIQUES.

NEUMANg S.P. /YAKOWITZ, S.K. HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 10-1- 76/12-31 -78

LEVEL OF FUNDING: A 69,500

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THERE EXISTS A SERIOUS GAP BETWEEN THE LEVEL CF SOPHISTICATION ACHIEVED IN RECENT YEARS IN THE FIELD OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND HYDROLOGISTS' ABILITY TO APPLY NUMERICAL MODELS TO REALISTIC SUBSURFACE FLOW CONDITIONS. ONE REASON FOR THIS GAP APPEARS TO BE AN ALMOST CHRONIC LACK OF SUFFICIENT INFORMATION REGARDING THE PHYSICAL PARAMETERS (E.G., TRANSMISSIVITIES AND STORAGE COEFFICIENTS) TO BE ENTERED INTO THE MODEL. THE PRESENT RESEARCH PROPOSAL IS BASED ON THE POSTULATE THAT CONVENTIONAL FIELD PUMPING AND GEOPHYSICAL TESTS RELY ONLY ONA SMALL PORTION OF THE AVAILABLE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FLOW SYSTEM; AND THAT IT SHOULD BE POSSIBLE TO DEVELOP METHODS FOE OBTAINING A MUCH BETTER ESTIMATE OF THE PARAMETERS BY MAKING MORE EFFICIENT USE OF ALL TUE AVAILABLE DATA, INCLUDING PAST RECORDS OF SYSTEM RESPONSE TO VARIOUS NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL INPUT SIGNALS. FURTHERMORE, SUCH METHODS CAN EVENTUALLY SERVE AS A PLANNING GUIDE FOR FUTURE EXPANSION OF THE DATA BASE.

PARAMETRIC dYDRDLOGY /GROUNDWATER /:MATHEMATICAL MODELS /NUMERICAL METHODS/ AQUIFER CHARACTERISTICS /ARIZONA

0272

SALINITY MANAGEMENT OPTIONS FOR THE COLORADO RIVER.

JACKSON, E.3. PLANT SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: ARIZONA CALIFORNIA

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1- 1- 74/6 -30 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 32,158

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

155 THE COLORADO RIVER I3 THE MOST HIGHLY REGULATEC hIVER IN THE 'WORLD. GREAT CONCERN HAS BEEN EXPRESSED IN RECENT YEARS ABOUT THE PROGRESSIVE INCREASE IN SALINITY OF TILE RIVER BY THOSE WHO DEPEND ON ITS WATERS TO SUSTAIN A MYRIAD OF ECONOMIC AND AMENITY PURPOSES. THE WELL -BEING OF SOME USERS OF THE RIVER CONFLICTS WITH THE WELL -BEING OF OTHERS IN THE PROGRAMS THAT CAN BE UNDERTAKEN TO CONTROL SALINITY. THUS IT IS IMPERATIVE THAT MEASURES TO IMPRCVE THE RIVER BE WELL- FOUNDED AND BASED ON SOUND CONCEPTS ANL INFORMATION. THIS RESEARCH IS SEEDING TO IDENTIFY AND MEASURE VARIOUS ASPECTS OF AN ECONOMICALLY EFFICIENT PROGRAM. MODELS OF THE RIVER HYDROLOGY, AGRICULTURAL RESPONSES, MUNICIPAL AND INDUSTRIAL WATER USES AND INTERRELATIONSHIPS AMONG SECTORS OF THE ECONOMY ARE BEING USED TO DEVELOP A SOCIALLY OPTIMAL PROGRAM.

ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY /RESOURCE ALLOCATION /REGIONAL ANALYSIS /RATER QUALITY/ SALINITY /AGRICULTURAL DAMAGES /ARIZONA /CALIFORNIA

0273 COLORADO RIVER BASIN SALINITY CONTROL PROJECT TITLE II - LAS VEGAS WASH UNIT - NEVADA: ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN THE LAS VEGAS WASH FOR THE BUREAU CF RECLAMATION, LOWER COLORADO REGION, BOULDER CITY, NEVADA.

FERRARO, D.D. NEVADA ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY, SOUTHERN DIVISION, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: LAS VEGAS VALLEY

DATES OF RESEARCH: 11- 74/6 -75

LEVEL OF FUNDING: R 11,400

SUPPORTING AGENCIES: U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION NATIONAL PARK SERVICE THE NEVADA ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY (NAS) CONDUCTED AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY AND ASSESSMENT OF 4,200 ACRES OF LAND LOCATED IN THE LOWER PORTIONS CF LAS VEGAS WASH. IT IS PROPOSED THAT A SALINITY- CONTROL STRUCTURE BE BUILT BY THE U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION IN THE AREA, AND THE NAS STUDY WAS IMPLEMENTED IN ORDER TO DETERMINE THE ARC{AEOLOGICALLY SIGNIFICANT SITES THERE. EACH SITE IS DESCRIBED AND DISCUSSED SEPARATELY IN THE REPORT. COST ESTIMATES FOR MITIGATION SHOULD CONSTRUCTION AFFECT THE SITES ARE INCLUDED IN THE APPENDIX.

NEVADA /ARCHAEOLOGY /SITES /MAPPING /DATING /HISTORY /SALINITY

PUBLICATIONS: FERRARO, D.D., "COLORADO RIVER BASIN SALINITY CONTROL PROJECT TITLE II - LAS VEGAS WASH UNIT - NEVADA: ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN THE "LAS VEGAS WASH FOR THE BUREAU OF RECLAMATION, LOWER COLORADO REGION, BOULDER CITY, NEVADA," NEVADA ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY, SOUTHERN DIVISION, UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, LAS VEGAS, JUNE 1975. FERRARO, D.D., "AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY FOR THE LAS VEGAS WASH DESALINIATION PROJECT," PRELIMINARY REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, JAN. 1975.

0274 THE QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF SONOITA CREEK BASINS WATER RESOURCES TO LAKE PATAGONIA DAM, SANTA CRUZ COUNTY, ARIZONA.

RESNICK, S.D. /BEN -ASHER, J. /RANDALL, J. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA $5721

156 AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 3 -11- 75/9 -1 -76 LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 16,900 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: ARIZONA WATER COi1MISSION OWRT SOUTHWEST ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES NATURE CONSERVANCY SANCTUARY SONOITA CREEK BASIN, TRIBUTARY TO THE SANTA CRUZ RIVER, LIES NORTHEAST OF NOGALES, ARIZONA. THE BASIN COVERS MORE THAN 270 SQ MILES, OF WHICH ABOUT 230 SQ MILES ARE INCLUDED IN THE STUDY AREA. IN RECENT TIMES, THE QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF AVAILABLE WATER HAS NOT BEEN IN BALANCE WITH REQUIREMENTS FOR DOMESTIC, AGRICULTURAL, AND RECREATIONAL PURPOSES IN THE BASIN. THE COMMUNITY OF PATAGONIA HAS HAD DIFFICULTY MEETING ITS DOMESTIC WATER NEEDS FROM GROUND WATER SOURCES AND THE QUALITY OF WATER BELOW PATAGONIA'S SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT RAS CREATED A STRESS ON THE ECOSYSTEM AT THE NATURE CONSERVANCY SANCTUARY. BECAUSE THE AREA IS EXPECTED TO UNDERGO RAPID MINING, RECREATIONAL, AND DOMESTIC GROWTH, A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF THE ENTIRE BASIN IS NEEDED TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTS OF ADDITIONAL GROWTH ON THE GROUND AND SURFACE -WATER SYSTEMS. OF EQUAL IMPORTANCE IS THE DEVELOPMENT OF A WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN TO MINIMIZE ANY FUTURE ADVERSE EFFECTS ON THE WATER RESOURCES OF THIS AREA. THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROJECT INVOLVE A TWO STAGE PROCEDURE: 1) QUANTIFYING THE WATER RESOURCES OF SONOITA CREEK BASIN BY DEFINING THE PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GROUND AND SURFACE WATER SYSTEMS; DETERMINING THE WATER BUDGET; AND DETERMINING THE WATER QUALITY OF THE BASIN. 2) DEVELOPING A WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PROGRAM BASED ON PROJECTED WATER AVAILABILITY AND REQUIREMENTS TO THE YEAR 2000. ARIZONA /WATER BALANCE /CONJUNCTIVE USE /WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

PUBLICATIONS: BEN -ASHER, J., J. RANDALL, AND S.RESNICK, "DETERMINING AREAL PRECIPITATION IN A RANGE TYPE OF REGION OF SOUTHERN ARIZONA - SONOITA CREEK BASIN: HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES IN ARIZONA AND THE SOUTHWEST," VOL. 6, 1976, ARIZONA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES.

0275 DEVELOPMENT OF REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES TO STUDY THE HYDROLOGY OF EARTH STOCK TANKS ON SEíMIARID WATERSHEDS." CLUFF, C.B. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SALT RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 73/6 -30 -74 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: ARIZONA, STATE OF SALT RIVER PROJECT U.S. FOREST SERVICE OFFICE OF ARID LANDS STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION REMOTE SENSING OF 27 SMALL EARTH STOCK TANKS ON A 49 SQ HILE WATERSHED WAS DONE USING AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY AND AERIAL DEPTH INDICATORS CONSISTING OF COLOR CODED POLYSTYRENE BLOCKS MOUNTED ON A NYLON CORD. THIS DATA WAS USED TOGETHER WITH WATERSHED AND CLIMATIC INFORMATION INA WATERSHED HYDROLOGY MODEL IN ORDER TO DETERMINE THE REDUCTION OF STREAMFLOW DUE TO THE STOCK TANKS. STOCK WATER /REMOTE SENSING/STREANFLOW PARAMETERS/ARIZONA/WATERSHEDS(BASINS)

157 PUBLICATIONS: CLUFF, C.B. AID C.J. LOVELY, "DPVELOPMENT OF A REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUE TO STUDY TIE HYDROLOGY OF EARTH STOCK TANKS ON A SEMIARID WATERSHED," FOURTH ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON THE APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING OF ARID LANDS RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT, THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, NOV.14 -16, 1973.

0276 INSTALLATION OF WATER SYSTEMS FOR STOCK PURPOSES ON THE PAPAGO INDIAN RESERVATION. CLUFF, C.B. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 2- 15- 73/6 -30 -74 LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 11,000 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS STATE OF ARIZONA THE PROJECT CONSISTED OF BUILDING THREE WATER HARVESTING SYSTEMS FOR STOCK PURPOSES. THESE SYSTEMS WERE: 1) A 3/4 -ACRE GRAVEL COVERED PLASTIC CATCHMENT WITH A PLASTIC -LINED REINFORCED dORTAR COATEC (PLRMC) TANK. 2) A 1/2 ACRE ASPHALT -PLASTIC ASPHALT -CHIP (APAC) CATCHMENT WITH A 70,000 GALLON STEEL TANK AND 3) A1 /2-ACRE APAC CATCHMENT WITH A PLRíMC TANK. ALL TANKS dERE COVERED WITH AN ASPHALT CHIP COATED EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE RAFT FOR EVAPORATION CONTROL. SYSTEM (3)HAS A UNIJUE WALK THROUGH TROUGH FOR LIVESTOCK WATERING WHICH ELIMINATED THE NEED FOR THE USE OF A VANDAL PRONE FLOAT VALVE. WATER HARVESTING /SEEPAGE CONTROL /STOCK WATER /ARIZONA

PUBLICATIONS: CLUFF, C.B. "PLASTIC REINFORCED ASPHALT MEMBRANES FOR PRECIPITATION HARVESTING ANC SEEPAGE CONTROL," 11TH NATIONAL AGRIC. PLASTICS CONFERENCE, SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS, NOV.11, 1973.

0277 AQUIFER MODELING BY NUMERICAL METHODS APPLIED TO A PORTION OF THE PAPAGO INDIAN RESERVATION, ARIZONA. SIMPSON, E.S. /NEUMAN, S.P. HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZCNA 85721

AREA (S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 1 -1- 76/12 -31 -76 LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 58,500 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

158 THIS RESEARCH WILL COMPARE THE PELFORMANCE AMONG TWO CURRENTLY ACCEPTED METHODS OF iMODELING HYDRAULIC ?ROPERTIES OF AQUIFERS (FINITE -DIFFERENCE AND FINITE -ELEMENT) AND A NEW METHOD (PROPOSED HEREIN) IN TERMS OF A)ACCURACY, AS MEASURED BY MATERIAL BALANCE, B) COMPUTATIONAL EFFICIENCY AS MEASU}ED 3Y COST, AND C)FLEXIBILITY AS APPLIED TO MANAGEMENT NEEDS. THE NEW METHOD IS A MIXED EXPLICIT- IMPLICIT ITERATIVE GALERKIN FINITE -ELEMENT METHOD. ALL MODELS WILL BE TESTED AGAINST CONDITIONS ATA PORTION OF THE PAPAGO INDIAN RESERVATION SOUTH OF TUCSON, ARIZONA. QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATES WILL BE MADE OF THE EFFECT OF PAST, PRESENT AND PROJECTED FUTURE PUMPING IN THE TUCSON BASIN, ON WATER LEVELS WITHIN THE :RESERVATION. NATURE AND RESULTS OF THIS WORK WILL BE DISCUSSED WITH THE PAPAGO PEOPLE THROUGH WORKSHOPS AND OTHER MEANS. AQUIFER MANAGEMENT /MATHEMATICAL STUDIES /ARIZONA

0278 SUPPLEMENT TO UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING REGIONAL PROJECT WATER REQUIREMENTS FOR URBAN LAWNS. KNEEBONE, W. /JOHNSON, G.V. PLANT SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 7 -1- 76/6 -30 -79 LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 14,180 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

DATA ON WATEì USE OF URBAN LAaNS ARE EXTREMELY LIHITED OR ABSENT: YET HOME LAWNS, PARKS, CAMPUSES, AND RECREATIONAL TURFGRASS (IMPORTANT FACTORS TO THE ECONOMY AND WELL BEING OF URBAN CENTERS) REPRESENT A MAJOR PORTICN OF MUNICIPAL WATER DEMAND. WHERE BOTH MUNICIPALITY AND LARGE SCALE TURFGRASS USERS PUMP WATER FROM THE SAME AQUIFERS, CONSERVATION AND USE PLANNING MUST INCLUDE ALL LAWN AREAS WHETHER ON MUNICIPAL WATER LINES OR NOT. APPRECIABLE SAVINGS MAY BE POSSIBLE WITH MANAGEMENTS AND TURFGRASS CHOICES GEARED TO EFFICIENT WATER USE. EFFICIENT USE DEMANDS KNOWLEDGE OF ACTUAL EVAPOTRANSPIRA -i TION POTENTIALS. THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS STUDY AItE TO: 1) MEASURE WATER USE OF ALTERNATIVE GRASSES AND MANAGEMENTS, 2)MEASURE "TYPICAL" WATER USE OF SEVERAL, CLASSES OF URBAN TUR?, 3)MEASURE MOISTURE TENSIONS WHICH ARE MAINTAINED BY "TYPICAL" USES, 4)DERIVE FROM THE COMBINED DATA ESTIMATES OF DEMANDS WITH PRESENT USES AND. SAVINGS WHICH MAY BE MADE 'WITH APPROPRIATE ALTERNATIVE CHOICES AND PROCEDURES. WATER USE DATA WILL BE CORRELATED WITH ON -SITE METEOROLOGICAL DATA. ARIZONA /CONSUMPTIVE USE /IRRIGATION EFFICIENCY /GRASSES

0279 HYDROLOGIC CONSIDERATIONS IN DECISION ANALYSIS FOR RECLAIMING STRIP MINE LAND IN THE SOUTH.EST. THAMES, J.L. %DERMA,T. /TUORUD, D.B. SCHOOL OF RENE'dABLE NATURAL RESOURCES, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721 AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER DATES OF RESEARCH: 10-1-7o/1-11-79 LEVEL OF FUNDÍNG: $ 55,000 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

159 THE PROPOSED RESEARCd PROJECT IS TO DEVELOP METHODOLOGY FOR DETERMINING OPTIMUM SURFACE CONFIGURATIONS AND SURFACE TREATMENTS FOR RECLAIMING AND MAINTAINING STRIP MINE LAND. LIVESTOCK GRAZING IS THE MAJOR POST RECLAMATION USE. THE OBJECTIVE IS TO ACHIEVE REASONABLE WATER CONSERVATION AND EROSION REDUCTION AT REALISTIC COSTS. THE METHODS DEVELOPED WOULD DE APPLICABLE FOR DISTURBED LAND RECLAMATION PLANNING IN THE SOUTHWEST. RECLAMATION /MATER CONSERVATION /SURFACE CONFIGURATIONS /GRAZING /LAND USE/ ARIZONA /STRIP MINING

0280 DETERMINING INNOVATIVE CAPABILITY IN WATER MANAGEMENT AGENCIES.

NI ENABLR, J. INSTITUTE OF GOVERNMENT RESEARCH, UNIVERSITY CF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 10 -1- 76/9 -30 -77 LEVEL OF FUNDING: S 30,200 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THE INTENT OF THE PROPOSED STUDY IS TO COMPARE POUR FEDERAL WATER RESOURCE AGENCIES IN TERMS OF THEIR ABILITY TO INNOVATE, INNOVATION BEING DEFINED AS THE CAPABILITY TO DEVELOP NEW PROCEDURES AND PROGRAMS TO MEET THE CHANGING GOALS OF NATIONAL WATER POLICY. THE STUDY WILL TEST, THROUGH EXAMINATION OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LITERATURE SOURCES AND INTERVIEWS OF AGENCY PERSONNEL, WHETHER THE CAPACITY OF ORGANIZATIONS TO CHANGE IN RESPONSE TO EXTERNAL DEMANDS IS MORE CLOSELY ASSOCIATED WITH CERTAIN BASIC CHARACTERISTICS THAN IT IS WITH THE COMPATIBILITY OF FORMAL MISSIONS, OR IDEOLOGY, OF THE ORGANIZATION. ADMINISTRATION /DECISION MAKING /INNOVATION /ARIZONA

0281 FUNDAMENTAL STOCHASTIC MODELS OF THE TRANSPORT OF WATER AND SOLUTES THROUGH SATURATED AND UNSATURATED POROUS MEDIA. GUPTA, Y.K. /BNATTACHARYA, R. /SPOSITO, G. HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER LEVEL OF FUNDING: $ 20,000 SUPPORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THIS PROJECT IS INVOLVED WITH ESTABLISHING RIGOROUSLY THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF THE'MACROSCOPIC PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS GOVERNING TRANSPCRT OF WATER AND SOLUTES THROUGH SATURATED AND UNSATURATED POROUS MEDIA. PHYSICAL -STOCHASTIC APPROACHES WILL BE DEVELOPED TO ACCOMPLISH THIS GBJECTIVE. THIS PROJECT WILL, ON ONE HAND, EXPOSE AND CLARIFY MANY MISCONCEPTIONS IN THE CURRENT APPROACHES TO THE FOUNDATIONS OFF TRANSPORT EQUATIONS, AND ON THE OTHER HAND, WILL ENABLE THE DOMAIN OF PRACTICAL HYDROLOGY TO DIRECTLY BENEFIT FROM THIS RESEARCH. STOCHASTIC PROCESSES /TRANSPORT /POROUS MEDIUM /ARIZONA /SOLUTES

160 0282 A REGIO?IAL STUDY OF PUBLIC OPINION ON WATER AND OTHER NATURAL RESOURCES POLICIES. INGRAM, H.3. INSTITUTE OF GOVERNMENT RESEARCH, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

BATHS OF HB9HAM9H1 7=1=79/9=39=77

LfiViiL OF FUND3Ndi 1 § 1, 700

EUPpORTtNÉi AëNNCtEDi tiaRT

NtATt GOVERNMENT, AND IN PABTICULAN THE SPATE ISOINLATURE, IS CRITICAL TO NATURAL REWOUHCE, WATER AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES. THIN PROJECT WILL REASWIE AND ANALYZE THE OPINION AND i;EPRENENTATIVENr3S Ot STATE LMOISLATORN AND THE OPINIONS OP THEIR CONSTITUEiNT9 WITH MARI) TO THEIR ISSUES. THE STUDY WILL DX CONDUCTED IN COLORADO AND UTAH.IT IS AN EXTENSION Or A STUDY ALREADY COMPLETED IN ARIZONA AND NR'W MEXICO. LEGISLATORS ARE ASXBD TO COMPLETE WRITTEN AND ORAL INTERVIEWS. THEIR CON3TITUENT9- -?ItTY PER LEGISLATIOP. DISTRICT- -ARE INTERVIEWED VIA A MAILED QUESTIONNAIRE. PUBLIC OPINION /LEGISLATION /PLANNING /POLICIES /ARIZONA /COLORADO /UTAH

0283 RECLAMATION OF BRACKISH WATERS FOR IRRIGATION: OPTIMIZATION OF PROCESS PARAMETERS FOR FERTILIZER -DRIVEN OSMOSIS. KESSLER, J.J. /MOODY, C.D. DEPT. OF PHYSICS, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, TUCSON, ARIZONA 85721

AREA(S) OF RESEARCH: SANTA CRUZ RIVER

DATES OF RESEARCH: 10- 1- 76/9 -30 -77 LEVEL pr FUNDING: $ 29,600

SUP ,YSORTING AGENCIES: OWRT

THE PROPOSED RESEARCH CONSIDERS VARIOUS ASPECTS OF A SCHEME WHEREBY BRACKISH RETURN EFFLUENT FROM IRRIGATION PROJECTS IS TC BE RECLAIMED BY DIRECT (NORMAL, FORWARD) OS`IOSIS, USING SOLUBLE FERTILIZER TO LOWER THE ACTIVITY OF THE WATER IN THE RECEIVING SOLUTION. THE RESEARCH PROJECT WILL: 1) INVESTIGATE FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICAL EFFECTS (BOUNDARY LAYER PHENOMENA, NATURAL AND FORCED CONVECTIVE EFFECTS, EFFICIENCY OF WATER EXTRACTICN FROM THE SOURCE SOLUTION AND RATE OF EXTRACTION ASA FUNCTION OF COUNTER -FLOW EXTRACTOR DESIGN). 2) CONSTRUCT DESIGN CRITERIA FOR GIVEN INPUT /OUTPUT REQUIREMENTS. 3) INVESTIGATE DIFFERENT MEMBRANES, IF TIME PERMITS. 4) GATHER AGRICULTURAL AND ECONOMIC APPLICATIONS DATA. 5) COMBINE THE APPLICATIONS DATA AND THE PHYSICAL DESIGN CRITERIA IN OVERALL DESIGN CRITERIA WHICH WILL PERMIT A ROUGH ESTIMATE OF COST/ BENEFIT AND TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS IN ACTUAL SITUATIONS. THE RESEARCH PROGRAM ADDRESSES ITSELF TO THE PROBLEMS OF WATER RESOURCES CONSERVATION, REDUCTION OF SALINE EFFLUENT VOLUME AND ENERGY CONSERVATION FOR AGRICULTURAL DESALINATION. OSMOSIS /RECLAMATION /.ARIZONA /BOUNDARY LAYER / CONVECTION /DESALINATION /IRRIGATION/ ENERGY CONSERVATION /MEMBRANES

161 KEY WORD INDEX KEYWORD IìIDEX

ACREAGE 257 ANNUAL WATER YIELD 104 ACTIVATED CARBON 032 ANTITRANSPIRANTS 207 223

ADMINISTRATION 280 AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT 196 208 ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES 105 AQUATIC FISH 202 122 AQUATIC RESOURCES 210 ADSORPTION 032 AQUIFER CHARACTERISTICS 235 AERATED LAGOONS 110 271

AERATION 216 AQUIFER MANAGEMENT 213 277

AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY 003 004' AQUIFERS 002 042 060 075 005 006 007 113 224 232 076 077 078 102 259 257 ARCHAEOLOGY 230 273 AESTHETICS 095 ARID LANDS 086 098 149 186 AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS 073 ARIZONA 001 002 003 004 AGRICULTURAL DAMAGES 272 005 006 007 008 009 010 011 012 013 014 015 016 AGRICULTURAL RUNOFF 193 017 018 019..020 021 022 023 024 025 026 027 028 AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS 051 029 030 031 032 034 035 036 037 038 039 040 041 AGRICULTURE 145 258. 042 043 044 045 046 047 048 049 050 051 052 053 AGUA FRIA RIVER 071 054 055 056 057 058 059 060 061 062 063 064 065 AIR TEMPERATURE 263 066 067 068 069 070 071 072 073 074 075 076 077 AIR -EARTH INTERFACES 052 078 079 080 081 082 083 084 085 086 087 088 089 ALGAE ' 034 110 154 217 221 090 092 093 094 095 096 097 098 099 100 101 102 ALGAL CONTROL 110 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 109 110 111 112 113 ALGICIDE 217 114 115 116 118 119 120 121 122 123 126 127 128 ALGORITHMS 129 132 133 134 139 142 145 165 166 167 168 170 171 ALKALINE SOILS ' 061 172 179 183 091 206 225 226 228 232 233 236 243 ALTERNATIVES 253 246 248 264 265 266 267 269 270 271 272 274 275 AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS 061 276 277 278 279 281 280 282 283 AMPHIBIANS 087 134 ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE 106 ANALOG MODELS 074 174 259 ASPHALT 009 103 ANALYSIS PROCEDURES 005 AUTOMATION 017 026 ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES 007 266 AVERAGE FLOW 172

ANIMAL POPULATIONS 134

163 BACKWATER 012 086 196 210 CALIFORNIA 003 004 005 006 007 020 033 072 075 076 BACTERIA 037 ¢38 039 109 079 088 09Q 125 127 128 130 132 133 145 153 168 BALANCE OF NATUiIF 167 170 171 172 179 183 131 191 192 193 194 19S 196 BANK STAB/ LIZAYION 088 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 206 207 209 210 BASE IOW 059 212 213 2013 214 215 216 218 219 221 222 223 224 BASIC DATA COLLECTIONS 172 225 226 227 228 228 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 BASINS 010 057 247 237 238 239 240 241 242 2414 245 246 247 249 250 BASS 141 148 150 151 152 251 252 254 256 257 187 239 242 258 260 261 262 268 269 272 BENTHOS 136 CANADA 105 BIBLIOGRAPHIES 126 170 183 CANAL SEEPAGE 132 BIOCHEMISTRY 217 CAN ALS 13; BIOINDICATORS 166 CANYON LAKE 039 BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES 135 CARBON DIOXIDE 022 248 BIOTA 200 CATTLE 071 BIRDS 134 192 CENSUS 206 228 245 BLACK MESA 042 CENTRIFUGATION 191 221 BOATING 167 CHANNEL FLOW 066 BOREHOLES 085 CHANNEL MORPHOLOGY 036 089 BOUNDARY LAYER 283 090

BRINES 153 261 CHANNELS 015 065 Oß1 184

BULK DENSITY 014 CHAPARRAL 064 CHECK STRQCTURES 088

CHELATION 217 222

CHEMICAL ANALYSIS 175 182 CALCAREOUS SOILS 061 248

CALCITE 061 CHEMICAL DEGRADATION 124

CALIBRATIONS 015 CHEMICAL PROPERTIES 034 0148 CALICHE 184

164 CHLORIDES 177 COMPREHENSIVE PLANNING 072 147 CHLORINE 176 COMPUTER MODELS 059 085 195 CHLOROPHYTA 166 COMPUTER PROGRAMS 088 CHROMATOGRAPHY 100 CONIFERS 064 CHROMOSOMES 233 CONJUNCTIVE USE 274 CITIES 120 CONSERVATION 095 CITRUS FRUITS 053 054 215 CONSTRAINTS 195 CLAPPER RAIL 228 CONSUMPTIVE USE 019 041278 CLAYS 107 CONTROL 206207 CLIMATES 194 CONVECTION 008 283 CLIMATIC DATA 003 COOLING 022 CLIMATOLOGY 168 238 COOLING TOWER 209 CLOGGING 044 COOLING W AT ER 114 115209 CLOUD PHYSICS 008 COPPER 217 CLOUD SEEDING 099 COPPER MINING 040 CLOUDS 008 CORROSION 124 178 COACHELLA CANAL 208 COST ANALYSIS 054 088 101 COACHELLA VALLEY 202204 143 164 COLIFORMS 038 039 133 177 COST -BENEFIT ANALYSIS 178

COLORADO 008088 089090 COSTS 094 131 127 145 091 225226 236 269 282 CF E EL CENSUS 141 148 150 151 152 187 239 COLORADO RIVER 029036044 054 074075 086 087 115 CRONISE LAKE 230 124 127 128 132 133145 160 161 162 166 167 168 CROP PRODUCTION 019047 201 169 170 171 172 178 179 205219 225 226243 256 183 131 188 190 195 196 258 199 201 206 211 215220 224230 236249 252 CROP YIELD 028 223 254 257258 262 269 CROPS 011 016 019 COLORADO RIVER COMPACT 169 CULTIVATION 20 5 COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT 147 CULTURAL CONTROL 053

CYANOPHYTA 166 221

165 DAMS 128 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM$ 017 026

DARCYS LAW 107 DIURNAL 014

DATA COLLECTIONS 041 048 DIVERSION DAMS 067 183 DOCUMENTATION 183 DATA PROCESSING 115 116 117 DOMESTIC WATER 131 186 DATA STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL 116 117 183 DOWNSTREAM 128

DATA TRANSMISSION 128 DRAINAGE 191 203 227 DATING 273 DRAINAGE SYSTEMS 113 227 248 DAVIS DAM 206 DRAINAGE WATER 248 DRD 073 DRAINS 192 DDT 073 DREDGING 065 DECISION MAKING 095 121 123 169 234 253 280 DRIP IRRIGATIO4 044 DEN DROCHRONOLOGICAL ANALYSIS DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING 186 104 DYNAMICS 086 DENITRIFICATION 048

DESALINATION 132 162 283

DESALINATION PLANTS 127 132 248 EARTH TIDES 268 DESALTING 229 237 254 ECOLOGY 142 207 231 234 DESERTS 231 240

DESIGN CRITERIA 027 ECONOMETRICS 049 161 DESTRATIFICATIGN 138 ECONOMIC EFFICIENÇY 139 272 DIATOMS 166 ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY 050 072 DIFFUSIVITY 207 094 147

DIGITAL COMPUTERS 128 ECONOMIC GROWTH 163 DIKES 204 ECONOMIC IMPACT 162 163 213

DINOFLAGELLATES 166 ECONOMIC JUSTIFIATION 068 143 DIPTERA 136 ECONOMICS 072 095 112 211 218 262 DISCHARGE(WATER) 058 172 EFFICIENCIES 227 DISINFECTION 176 EFFLUENTS 133 144 154 174 DIVPERION 100 185 186

DISSOLVED OXYGEN 197 ELASTICITY OF DEMAND 129

DISSOLVED SOLIDS 195 240 ELECTRIC POWER 195 253

DISTANCE 179 ELECTRIC POWER PLANTS 161

DISTRIBUTION 134 202 250 ELECTRICAL STUDIES 247

166 ELECTRO -FIS HING 239 FESCUES 109 ELECTRON MICROSCOPY 207 217 FIELD TESTS 085 268 221 FILMS 050 ELECTROPHORESIS 233 FILTRATION 032 044 EMPLOYMENT 046 FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS 106 ENERGY 195 253 119

ENERGY BUDGET 219 FINITE ELEMENT METHOD 268 ENERGY CONSERVATION 283 FIRE 255

ENVIRONMENT 099 168 FISH 150 ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS 094 FISH CONSERVATION 069 125 127 132 161 167 213 234 266 FISH HARVEST 242

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT 123 FISH MANAGEMENT 148 155 156 157 187 ENZYMES 233 FIÿH PARASITES 148 EPHEMERAL STREAMS 034 048 089 184 FISH POPULATIONS 142 150

EQUILIBRIUM 089 FISH REPRODUCTION 033

EROSION 036 046 051 184 FISHERIES 148 152 187 196 197 EROSION CONTROL 025 088 091 FISHING 046 155 156 157 ESTIMATED COSTS 049 237 239 242 245 246

EUGLENOPHYTA 166 FISSURES(GEOLOGIC) 055 057 180 EUTROPHICATION 166 FLOOD CONTROL 065 066 067 EVALUATION 095 147 231 266 068 069

EVAPORATION 016 098 101 FLOOD FREQUENCY 159 162 204 218 FLOOD PLAIN INSURANCE 158 EVAPORATION CONTROL 050 FLOOD PLAIN ZONING 070 071 EVAPOTRANSPIRATION 001 043 158 159 076 079 165 193 219 225 226 FLOOD PLAINS 012 070 071 081 159 181 EXTRACTIONS 222 FLOOD ROUTING 067

FLOODING 046 104

FLOODPROOFING 046 158

FARM MANAGEMENT 209 FLOODWATER 066 069 093

FARM WASTE 192 FLOODWAYS 012 068 070 071

FAULTS 247 FLOW CHARACTERISTICS. 128

FAUNA 037 206 FLOW MEASUREMENT 015 172

FEASIBILITY STUDIES 067 108 FLOW RATES 172 FEDERAL GOVERNMENT 095 FLUMES 015 027 FERTILIZATION 022 FOAM FRACTIONATION 032

FERTILIZERS 053 191 FORAGES 073

167 GROUNDWATER 002 010 032 FOREST MANAGEMENT 031 113 035 041 042 047 055 059 063 075 076 077 079 082 FORESTS 005 100 102 106 127 132 140 146 160 165 175 180 181 FRACTURES (GEOLOGIC) 010 182 131 188 190 198 213 220 235 241 259 270 271 FREON 100 GROUNDWATER BAS INS 056 059 FROTH FLOTATION 032 060 241 FURROW IRRIGATION 149 216 GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT 059 219 220 GROUNDWATER MINING 129 175 FURROW SYSTEMS 021 182

GROUNDWATER QUALITY Of 4

¢ pouf; DWATER RECHARGE p18 085 GROUNDWATER RESOURCES 060 GAB IONS 088 GULLIES 088 099 091 GAGING STATIONS 048 172 236 GUNITE 025 GAMMA RAYS 014

GAS 100

GENETICS 233

GEOCHEMISTRY 244 HABITATS 087 208 228

GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS 233 HARDNESS (WATER) 131

GEOLOGIC MAPPING 057 HEAT FLOW 108 235

GEOLOGY 075 076 173 244 HEAT TRANSFER 114

GEOMORPHIC FEATURES 051 HEATED SEWAGE 030 114

G EO MORPHOLOGY 089 HEAVY M ETALS 200 222

GEOPHYSICS 010 108 182 244 HISTORY 092 170 170 214 247 224 230 233 249 252 260 273 GEOTHERMAL STUDIES 056 108 125 130 153 235 244. 261 HUMIDITY 263 268 HUNTING 245 246 GILA RIVER 080 081 082 HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY 082 GLEN CANYON DAM 036 085 191 203 227 GOPHERS 233 HYDRAULIC PROPERTIES 090

GRA SSES 278 HYDRAULICS 128 GRASSLANDS 064 HYDROELECTRIC POWER 195 GRAVELS 227 HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION 240 GRA VI METRIC ANALYSIS 063 HYDROGEOLOGY 075 076 078 GRAVITATIONAL WATER 063 079 171 175 182 GRAVITY 055 056 057 063 HYDROGRAPHS 068 247 HYDROLOGIC BUDGET 045 GRAVITY SURVEY 270 HYDROLOGIC DATA 108 116 117 GRAZING 087 279 171 173 190 GREAT BASIN REGION 269 HYDROLOGIC PROPERTIES 241

GREENHOUSES 07.2 HYDROLOGY 051 052 078 175 192 238 259 168 IDA HO 004 006 007 JOJOBA 028

IMPERIAL VALLEY 199 202 204 JUNIPER 263 214 235 256 258

IMPERVIOUS MEMBRANES 009 INDIAN RESERVATIONS 072 170 236 LAKE HAVASU 133 197 INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION 244 LAKE MARY 101 INFILTRATION 013 052 084 164 191 LAKE MEAD 036 124 129 134 135 136 137 138 144 151 INFILTRATION RATES 020 034 152 166 177 178 188 061 LAKE MOHAVE 141 148 150 INFLOW 164 187 INFORMATION EXCHANGE 183 LAKES 039 062 098 107 217 230 INFORMATION RETRIEVAL 113 115 183 LAND DEVELOPMENT 249 251

INNOVATION 290 LAND EXPROPRIATION 251

INPUT -OUTPUT ANALYSIS 201 L AND MANAGEMENT 064 17 3 INSTITUTIONAL CONSTRAINTS 105 LAND OWNERSHIP 224 122 139 LAND RECLAMATION 061 205 INTER -BASIN TRANSFER 236 LAND SUBSIDENCE 235 INTERNATIONAL WATERS 105 LANG TENURE 046 INTERSTATE COMMISSIONS 260 LANE USE 072 145 279 INTERSTATE COMPACTS 260 LANDFILLS 084 INVERTEBRATES 037 LANTSAT IMAGERY 003 004 005 INVESTMENT PLANNING 211 006 007 ION EXCHANGE 032 218 LANDSCAPING 083

ION TRANSPORT 212 258 LARVAE 240

IONS 032 217 LAWS 099

IRRIGATED LAND 061 LEACHING 191 216 220 243 258 IRRIGATION 025 026 053 083 112 145 193 223 225 226 LEGISLATION 105 122 282 227 251 283 LEVEES 066 IRRIGATION DESIGN 083 LIGHT 168 IRRIGATION EFFECTS 073 111 112 262 LIGHT PENETRATION 168 IRRIGATION EFFICIENCY 024 LIMESTONES 041 053 054 220 243 278 LIMINOLOGY 029 196 210 239 IRRIGATION PRACTICES 111 248" LINEAR PROGRAMMING 112 201 IRRIGATION PROGRAMS 046 L IN INGS 013 107 IRRIGATION SYSTEMS 017 020 021 024 026 054 220 LITTLE COLORADO RIVER 046 066 IRRIGATION WATER 132 198 215 220 262 LOGGING 264

169 LOW FLOW 066 MIXED FORESTS 064

LOWER COLORAD) RIVER 029 074 MIXING 102 075 076 077 078 079 080 081 086 087 170 262 MOBILITY 242 LYSIMETERS 222 MODEL STUDIES 043 060 095 106 130 147 174 230 259 MOISTURE CONTENT 014 043 MULTIPLE -PURPOSE PROJECTS 139

MAGNETIC STUDIES 055 056 MUNICIPAL WASTES 032 111 247 140 154

MAINTENANCE 239 MUNICIPAL WATER 101 MAMMALS 134 192

MANAGEMENT 128 196 205 210 211 239

MAPPING 003 004 005 006 NATIONAL PARKS 167 055 273 NATIONAL RECREATION AREAS 167 MAPS 171 224 236 NATURAL RECHARGE 034 MARKING TECHNIQUES 239 242 NATURAL RESOURCES 145 173 MARSHES 086 257 NATURAL STREAMS 224 MATHEMATICAL MODELS 051 108 121 123 139 175 182 186 NEVADA 003 004 005 006 271 007 072 076 124 126 127 129 134 135 136 137 138 MATHEMATICAL STUDIES 169 277 139 140 141 142 143 144 146 147 148 149 150 151 MELONS 021 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 MELT WATER 031 164 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 MEMBRANES 103 217 229 283 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 190 206 207 236 METABOLISM 217 259 260 269 273

METEOROLOGY 016 VIEW MEXICO 046 051 052 088 127 171 172 091 236 MEXICAN WATER TREATY 170 NITRATES 175 182 259 MEXICO 105 NITRIFICATION 034 048 MICROBIAL DEGRADATION 018 NITROGEN 053 062 175 182 MICROCLIMATOLOGY 256 255 NONPOINT POLLUTANTS 051 MIDGES 136 NUCLEAR POWERPLANTS 030 114 MINE WASTES 011 115

MINERAL WATER 140 NUMERICAL METHODS 271

MINERALOGY 153 NUTRIENT CYCLING 264

MINING 045 NUTRIENTS 038 039 053 154 204 265 MIXED CONIFER 264

170 OAS ES 250 PHREATOPHYTES 001 080 165 207 OLIGOCHAETES 136 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 048 ON -SITE DATA COLLECTIONS 043 229 PHYTOPLANKTON 166

ON -SITE TESTS 229 PIGMENTS 168

OPERATING COSTS 237 PIN AL COUNTY 112

OPTIMIZATION 121 129 186 PINTO CREEK 040 198 201 211 219 225 229 PIP ELINES 241 OREGON 004 006 153 PLANKTON 168 196 ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 035 PLANNING 095 269 282 ORGANIC MATTER 137 PLANT GROWTH 216 ORGANIC SOILS 175 182 PLANT POPULATIONS 134 199 OSMOSIS 283 PLAYAS 140 OUTLETS 025 POLICIES 282 OXIDATION LAGOONS 110 POLITICAL ASPECTS 092 105 122 139 170 POLLUTANT IDENTIFICATION 166 PONDEROSA PINE 097 255 263 PALM 250 265 PALO VERDE VALLEY 202 252 POPULATION 161 185 202 206 POROUS MEDIUM 231 PARAMETERS 038 040 130 POWER PLANT COOLING 218 PARAMETRIC HYDROLOGY 194 271 POWERPLANTS 115 128 PARKS 083 PRECIPITATION(ATMOSPHERIC) PERCOLATION 084 220 008 238 263 PERENNIAL STREAMS 037 089 PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY 144 123 PERFORMANCE 229 PRO BAEILITY STATISTICS PERMEABILITY 085 PRODUCTIVITY 226 PESTICIDE RESIDUES 073 PROTEINS 233 109 PESTICIDES 073 137 200 PUBLIC HEALTH

PHOSPHORIC ACI!) 011 PUBLIC OPINION 282 PHOSPHORUS 062 PUBLIC UTILITIES 143

PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS 061 PUMPING 059 146

PHOTOSYNTHESIS 217 PYRROPHYTA 166

171 QUALITY CONTROL 105 160 RESERVOIR MODELS 268 QUARTERNARY PERIOD 232 RESERVOIRS 029 062068 130 166 168 195 197 239 261 RESOURCE ALLOCATION 139 272 RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT 064 183 RADIATION 135 RETURN FLOW 128 200 202 RAINBOW TROUT 141 197 204209 218243 RAINFALL 058 RETURN TO SCALE 37 RAINFALL- RUNOFF RELATIONSHIPS REUSE 253 058 REVERSE OSMOSIS 212 229 237 RANGE MANAGEMENT 052 454 RANGELANDS 051 RIP ARIAN PLANTS 040 REASONABLE USE 038 RIPARIAN WATER LOSS 001 RECESSION CURVES 020 RIP ARI AN WAT ERS 040 RECHARGE 035 084 100 146 RIPARIAN ZONE 104 RECLAIMED WATER 030 114 RIPRAP 088

RECLAMATION 061 214 227 RISKS 169 279283 RIVER BASINS 047 RECREATION 046 069095098 133 167 209217 RIVER BEDS Q65 RECREATION FACILITIES 038 RIVER FLOW 070 071 RECREATIONAL WATERS 109 RIVER REGULATION 167

REGIMEN 036 RIVER SYSTEMS 113 REGIONAL ANALYSIS 139 269 RIVERS 167 179 272 ROCKS 194 REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT 029 ROOT DISTRIBUTION 205216 REINJECTION TESTS 268 ROOT ZONE 119 REMOTE SENSING 003004005 145 232275 RUBBER 009 REPRODUCTION 033 RUNOFF 028 0S8 104 118 172238 REPTILES 087 RURAL AREAS 143

172 SAGUARO LAKE 039 SEWAGE TREATMENT 030 083 114 177 SALAMANDERS 231 SHORTAGE 241 SALINE WATER 170 181 188 SIMULATION 051 SALINITY 029 046 0b2 112 127 132 149 160 161 165 SIMULATION ANALYSIS 121 147 171 190 191 193 195 198 198 201 199 201 204 205 209 211 212 215 220 223 225 226 SITES 273 243 244 258 262 272 273 SLUDGE 094 SALMONELLA 133 SLUDGE DISPOSAL 094 S AL MONI DS 148 151 152 187 SLUDGE TREATMENT 094 SALT BALANCE 193 198 215 243 SLURRIES 042

SALT LOAD 262 SMALL WATERSHEDS 122

SALT RIVER 109 SNOW COVER 003 004 005 006 007 SALT TOLERANCE 205 215 SNOW MANAGEMENT 064 SALT -VERDE WATERSHED 004 005 006 007 SNOW SURVEYS 003 004 005 006 007 SALIS 193 SNOWFALL 135 SAMPLING 192 200 206 245 SNO WMELT 031 118 SAND BARS 036 SNOWPACRS 006 031 118 SANTA CRUZ RIVER 067 SOCIAL ASPECTS 095 139 162 SANTA CRUZ VALLEY 270 SOCIAL IMPACT 094 163 SEALANTS 013 SOCIAL NEEDS 072 SEDIMENT LOAD 089 090 SOCIAL VALUES 095 SEDIMENT TRANSPORT 027 036 SOIL AMENDMENTS 011 SEDIMENT YIELD D90 SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES 023 SEDIMENTARY BASINS 247 SOIL COMPACTION 013 203 SEDIMENTATION 046 051 066 088 090 097 200 SOIL FILTERS 110

SEDIMENTS 027 097 SOIL GASES 248

SEEPAGE 013 034 098 101 SOIL MANAGEMENT 193 205 107 127 132 220 SOIL MICROBIOLOGY 018 SEEPAGE CONTROL 009 013 103 107 132 276 SOIL MOISTURE 019 054 182 193 255 SEISMIC STUDIES 247 SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 216 SEISMOLOGY 055 SOIL PROFILE 216 SEMIPERMEABLE MEMBRANES 212 SOIL SEALANTS 013 SEMIARID CLIMATES 120 SOIL STRUCTURE 091 SEWAGE 164 177 SOIL SURFACES 014 016 052 SEWAGE EFFLUENTS 032 034 048 083 185 SOIL TEMPERATURE 263 173 SOIL TEXTURE 203 SUNDESERT NUCLEAR POWER PLANT 209 SOIL WATER 191 SURFACE CONFIGURATIONS 279 SOIL WATER MOVEMENT 043 SURFACE IRRIGATION 017 SOIL- WATER -PLANT RELATIONSHIPS 054 205 216 222 258 SURFACE RUNOFF 052

SOILS 046 203 219 SURFACE SEALING 013

SOLAR RADIATION 263 SURFACE-GROUNDWATER RELATIONSHIPS 084 SOLUTES 119 281 SURFACES 052 SOLVENT 222 SURVEYS 047 140 173 174 SONOITA CREEK BASIN 096 224 246

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION 144 168 SUSPENDED LOAD 090

SPAWNING 033 151 SWIMMING 039

SPECTROSCOPY 222 SYNTHETIC HYDROLOGY 195

SPORT FISHING 141 151 152 SYSZEMATICS 134 155 156 157 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS 020 116 SPRINGS 127 117 121 123 SPRINKLER IRRIGATION 149 199 216 219 220 225 226 243 256

STABLE ISOTOPES 244 TAGGING 242' STOCHASTIC PROCESSES 121 281 TAM ARISK 165 STOCK WATER 013 275 276 TEMPERATURE 033 102 STORAGE 082 128 146 TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION 168 STORM RUNOFF 267 THERMAL POWER 022 STREAM CHANNELS 113 THERMAL PROPERTIES 102 STREAMFLOW 081 089 090 097 128 172 THERMAL SPRINGS 127

STREAMFLOW PARAMETERS 275 THERMAL WATER 108

STREAMS 001 037 038 040 THERMOGRAPH 256 058 213 THUNDERSTORMS 008 STRIP MINING 042 279 TILE 203 STRUCTURE 247 TOXICITY 217 SUBSIDENCE 010 055 057 180 TRACE ELEMENTS 222 SUBSURFACE IRRIGATION 026 TRACERS 100 SUCCESSION 086 TRANSMISSION LINES 234 SULFUR 138 TRANSMISSIVITY 078 082 SULFUR COMPOUNDS 061 TRANSPIRATION 207 SULFURIC ACID 011 TRANSPORT 281

174 WASTE WATER 035 111 115 TRI BUTARIES 012 179 160 162 174 181 188 TRICKLE IRRIGATION 021 024 WASTE WATER DISPOSAL 209 253 043 044 053 WASTE WATER TREATMENT 018 TRITIUM 259 030 049 069 114 164

TROPHIC LEVEL 210 WATER BALANCE 096 10 6 274

TUCSON BASIN 074 077 078 WATER CHEMISTRY 171

TURBIDITY 168 196 240 WATER CONSERVATION 009 013 103 107 111 128 207 267 TURF GRASSES 083 279 -

WATER CONSUMPTION 129

WATER COOLING 185 WATER COSTS 049 UNDERGROUND STORAGE 235 WATER DELIVERY 128 UNITED STATES 105 WATER DEMAND 045 060 241 UNSATURATED FLOW 085 119 WATER DEVELOPMENT 253 URBAN RUNOFF 120 WATER DISTRIBUTION 191 URBANIZATION 093 120 259 WATER EQUIVALENT 135 UTAH 004 126 127 139 142 145 153 171 172 179 225 WATER HARVESTING 009 023 226 236 268 269 282 028 103 276

WATER LAW 099 186 WATER LEVEL FLUCTUATIONS 042

WAT ER LEV ELS 241 VEGETABLE CROPS 149 WATER MANAGEMENT(APPLIED) 020 VEGETATION 046 080 134 192 093 096 106 120. 129 149 194 191 198 205 219 225 267

V EG ET ATION EFFECTS 062 WATER POLICY 095 105 122 260 VEGETATION ESTABLISHMENT 064 091 WATER POLLUTION 034 048 109 137 186 213 217 220 259 VELOCITY 240 W AT ER POLLUTION CONTROL 161 VINE CROPS 024 167

VIRGIN RIVER 126 142 WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS 136 166 VIRUSES 221 WATER QUALITY 002 034 037 VISCOSITY 229 038 039 040 041 044 048 061 062 077 097 109 127 VOLATILITY 073 129 137 138 142 171 175 176 177 178 181 182 131 186 190 195 198 205 211 213 215 219 226 241 248 253 264 265 272 WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT 045 WARM-WATER FISHING 187 WATER RESOURCES 002 041 047 WASHINGTON 0014 153 092 116 145 181 193 219 269 WASTE DISPOSAL 125 140

175 WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT WELL SPACING 130 095 126 267 WELL TESTING 268 WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT 069 274 WILDLIFE 087 192 208 228

WATER RESOURCES PLANNING 045 WILDLIFE CONSERVATION 069 123 087

WATER REUSE 035 049 093 WILDLIFE HABITATS 257 110 111 115 120 WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT 086 WATER RIGHTS 099 209 WIND VELOCITY 050 WATER SAMPLING 168 241 WINDBREAKS 064 WATER SPORTS 046 133 WINDS 050 WATER STORAGE 013 WITHDRAWAL 074 132 146 180 WATER SUPPLY 060 074 101 118 128 143 176 131 223 WYOMING 127 236 269 238 241 253

WATER TABLE 119 165 181 WATER TEMPERATURE 197 240

WATER TRANSFER 119 236 WATER TREATMENT 044 212 253

WATER UTILIZATION 024 042 165 167 199 223 253 267 WATER YIELD 064 092 118 WATER YIELD IMPROVEMENT 023 031 117

WATERFOWL 257

WATERPROOFING 009 WATERSHED , MANAGEMENT 046 051 064 097 121 167 195 255 264 265

WATERSHEDS (BASINS) 058 062 089 096 104 118 120 179 194 275

WAVES(WATER) 050

WEATHER DATA 263 WEATHER MODIFICATION 099 WEED CONTROL 053

, WELL DATA 056 057 241

176 PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR INDEX PRI3JCIPAL INVESTIGATORS INDEX

ALLAN, R.C. 187 CLORAN, C. A. 056

ANDERSON, J.C. 201 CLUFF, C.B. 009 103 111 113 275 276 ANDERSON, T.W. 001 074 COCHRAN, G.F. 129 185 186 AOKI, I. 144 COHEN, L.H. 244 AVERY, C.C. 101 CONSORTIUM OF WATERINSTITUTSAND CENTERS (CWIC) 269

COOLEY, R.L. 184

COOPER, C.F. 234 BARNES, J.C. 003 004 005 006 007 COOPER, E.N. 183 BATEMAN, R.L. 140 188 190 CORTNER, H.J. 092 RATTAN, L.J. 008 CROSS, J. 142

BECKSTRAND, K. 141

BEN- ASHER, J. 274

BENNION, D.N. 212 DALL, B.V. 143 BHATTACHARYA,R. 281 DAVENPORT, D.C. 207 BIN GHAM, F.T. 215 DAVID, D.R. 169 BLANKSHIP, T. 257 DAVIDSON, E.S. 078 ROSTER, M. 112 DAVIS, D.D. 123 BRADFORD, G.R. 222 DAVIS, R.J. 099 BRADLEY, M.D. 266 DAVIS, S. N. 010 100 BRIGGS, P.C. 060 DAY, A.D. 111 BROWN, S.G. 082 DEACON, J. 136 144 BUCKS, D.A. 021 024 DEASON, W.O. 086 BURKHAM, D.E. 081 DECOOK, K.J. 108 111 115 BURSON, Z.G. 135 116 DEDRICK, A. R. 017 020

DENNIS, R.E. 011

DESJARDINS, P.R. 221 CALL, R.D. 045 DIXON, R.M. 052 CAMPBELL, R. E. 255 263 264 265 DOTSON, J.C. 045

CANNELL, G.H. 203 216 DOUGLAS, C. L. 134

CHAN, M.C. 229 237 DROVER, C.E. 230

CHASE, D. D. 101 DUCKSTEIN, L. 123 CHEN, H.H. 143 DUTCHER, L.C. 235 CHERY, D. L. 058 DUTT, G.R. 013

178 EDMOND, C. D. 011 HAGAN, R.N. 207 223 225 226 253 EHLIG, C.F. 219 HANSEN, R.L. 145 EHRLER, W. L. 028 HARDT, W. F. 235 ELDERS, V.A. 244 HARRILL, J. R. 146 ENGSTROM, W.N. 194 HEEDE, B. H. 088 089 090 ERIE, L.J. 017 019 020 021 091 025 026 HELWEG, O. J. 213 ERLENK OTT ER, D. 211 HENDRICKS, W.O. 249 252 EVANS, D. D. 029 098 119 HERMSMEIER, L.F. 219 EVERETT, L. G. 166 HERRGESELL, P.L. 200 202 210

HESS, J. W. 181 182

HOSHAW, R. W. 166 FAZZOLARE, R. A. 030 114 115 HS AIO, T. C. 223 FERRARO, D. D. 273

F FO LLIOTT, P. F. 031 097 118

PIERO, G. W. 184

FIN K,D. H. 023 ID SO, S. 8. 016

FISHER, W. W. 032 INCE, S.S. 034 036

FOGEL, M. 8. 109 113 121 INGRAM, H.N. 105 122 282 123 IR ELAN, B. 075 079 FOSTER, K. E. 116

FREELAND, S. J. 086

FRENCH, J. J. 241

FRITZSCHE, A.E. 135 JACKSON, E. B. 272

FRO BEL, R.K. 009 JACKSON, W. T. 260 JAMIESON, E. 178 JENNINGS, M. 055 JENSEN, A.R. 195 GALE, R. 109 JIMENEZ, R. A. 009 103 GER KING, S.D. 033 JOHANSON, D.P. 145 GILBERT, R.G. 018 JOHNSON, G. V. 278 GILMORE, D.B. 125 JONES, J.H., JR. 236 GLOVER, R.E. 128

GOODRIDGE, J.D. 238

GOULD, G.I., JR. 192 228 246 K AD CAR, M. T. 205 GRASS, L. B. 205 KASPER, D. R. 035 110 GUPTA, V. K. 291

179 KAUFNANN, R. F. 259 MARTIN, L.E. 112

KERIG, D.P. 251 lICCUTCHAN, J. W. 229 254

KESSLER, J.O. 283 MCELIGOT, D. M. 102

KIM PALL, B. A. 022 MELANCON, S.M.S. 136

KINNEY, W. 136 METZGER, D. G. 076 079

KISTER, L.R. 171 MIFFLIN, M.D. 180

KLEINMAN, A. P. 201 MILES, M.J. 124 153

KNEEBONE, W. 278 MILLS, C. L. 149 KRUSE, E.G. 220 MIN DUNG, A. L. 184 KUNKEL,F. 236 MINNICK, R. 224 MON SCVITZ, J. T. 137 138 176 177 178

MOODY, C.D. 283

LABADIE, J. W. 198 MOORE, C. V. 262

LACEY, L.A. 240 !lOYLÉ, W. R. 235

LANE, L. J. 051 MULLA, M.S. 206

LANEY, R. L. 077 MURPHY, W. O. 130

LAR SON, D. K. 167 MURRAY, M. R. 101

LATTMAN, L. H. 184 LAURSEN, E.M. 036 LAZENBY, J.F. 145 NAKAYAMA,F.S. 044 LEFFERT, R. L. 037 038 039 040 NELSON, C. A. 128

LEHMAN., G.S. 109 113 NEUMAN, S.P. 085 271 277

LEVINGS, G. W. 041 042 NIELSEN, R. N. 191

LIST, E.J. 195 NIENABER, J. 280

LOELTZ, O.J. 075 076 079 NILES, W. 134

LOM EN, D. O. 043 NORK, W. E. 174

LUTHIN, J. N. 193 227 NORTON, D.L. 108

MACK, R. E. 112 OHM ART, R.D. 086 087

MACKENZIE, A.J. 205 219 OLMSYED, F.H. 075

MACKEY, R.B. 147 ORHUN, A. 193 MANN, L.J. 002 ORME, A.R. 232

MARSHALL, M. 170 OSTER, J.D. 248

180 PACIFIC SOUTHWESTINTERAGENCY ROCKENBAUGH, T.G. 046 COMMITTEE 179 ROSASCO, J.H. 150 PADILLA, C.O. 148 150 151 152 187 ROTH, R.L. 053 054

PATT, B.O. 180 181 182 ROTSTEIN, Y. 247

PATTEN, R. 169 RUDY, S. 032 PATTON, J.L. 233

PECK, A.J. 204 PECKHAM, A.E. 185 SAN DIEGO GASAND ELECTRIC COMPANY PETERS, W.C. 045 209 261

PETERSON, J.W. 047 SANDERS, J.I. 128 PHILLIPS, R.A. 034 048 110 SANDERS, J.W. 153 PICKARD, A. 210 239 SAUCK, W.A. 055 056 057

PINGRY, D.E. 049 SCHAFER, W.M.,JR. 133 PONDER, G. 196 197 SCHERER, C.R. 211 237 PORTZ, D.E. 168 SEPHTON, H.H. 218

POWELL, R. E. 208 245. SHIMZIIN, K. 133 POWERS, H.W.,JR. 057 SIERKA, R.A. 030 110 114 PRUITT, W.O. 225 226 SIriPSON, E.S. 058 059 102 277 SKAGGS, B.L. 154

SMITH, G. L. 198

QASHU, H.K. 119 SMITH, K.J. 214 SNYDER, J. H. 262

SPOSITO, G. 107 281

STAKER, B. D. 166 RANDALL, J. 274 STEWART, J.Z. . 225 226 RASMUSSEN, W.O. 106 STICKLE, E. G. 230 REGINATO, B.J. 014 STOCKTON, C.W. 104 REISFR, C.O. 050 STOLZY, L. H. 216 REITZEL, J. S. 130 STRAND, R. 127 REPLOGLE, J.A. 015 017 027 STBOEHLEIN, J. L. 061 RESNICK, S.D. 093 096 120 267 274 STULL, E.A. 062

REXING, D.J. 137 138 176 SUMNER, J.S. 010 063 108 177 178 270

ROBERTS, E.B. 253 SUMNER, R.C. 155 156 157

ROBINSON, F.E. 199 256 258 SWADER, J.A. 217

ROBISON, G.D. 149

181 TECHNICAL COMMITTEE ET AL OF THE WAGNER, J.R. 105 WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH CENTERS OF THE THIRTEEN WESTERN STATES WAGSTAFF, H.R. 094 095 WAKE, D.B. 231 THAMES, J.L. 121 279 WARE, G.W. 073 THOLA, G. 126 158 159 WARREN, L. 160 THOMPSON, J.R. 064 WARRICK, A.W. 043 119 THORUD, D.B. 117 118 279 WEBER, J.E. 123 TUCKER, T.C. 111 WEED, L. 224 TURNER, R.M. 080 WESNER, G.M. 131 TYAGI, A.K. 119 WESTERGARD, R.D. 161

WESTPHAL, J.A. 139 173 174 175

WHITE, W.T. 162 163 U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS 065 066 067 068 069 070 WILSON, C.E. 105 071 WILSON, L.G. 034 048 083 U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION 084 085 106 127 132 WITHERSPOON, P.A. 268 U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 172 WONG, D. 242

WREN -JARVIS, J. 164

VAN HYLC KAMA, T. E. A. 165

VAN SCHILFGAARDE, J. 243 YAKOWITZ, S.K. 271 VANDENBOSCH, W. V. 072 YATES, R. 170 V ER MA, T. 279 YOST AND GARDNER ENGINEERS, INC. VITT, L. J. 087 012 VOGL, R. J. 250

ZIMMERMAN, E. 224

182 FUNDING AGENCY INDEX FUNDING AGENCY IPUIEX

AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE, USDA DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 003 051 052 220 243 248 DESERT RESEARCH INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE, USDA, OF NEVADA 143 FT. COLLINS, COLO. 017 ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH 133 ARIZONA DEPT. OF GAME AND FISH 152 EARTH RESOURCES OBSERVATION SATELLITE 145 ARIZONA MINING ASSOCIATION 061 ECONOMIC RESEARCH SERVICE, USDA 046 ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY 055 056 057 ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE 218 ARIZONA WATER COMMISSION 001 002 041 042 046 060 116 ENERGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 274 ADMINISTRATION 033 135 261 ARIZONA, STATE OF 043 183 275 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 174 220 243 259 267 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, REGION IX 133

BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS 276 BUREAU OF MINES, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR 153 FEDERAL 074 077 078 080 081 082 FEDERAL INSURANCE ADMINISTRATION 158

CALIFORNIA DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME FEDERAL -LOWER COLORADO RIVER PROJECT 210 075 076 079 CALIFORNÌA DEPT. OF WATER RESOURCES 218 CALIFORNIA RESOURCES AGENCY 204 GUY GREENE AND ASSOC. 267 CALIFORNIA STATE LANDS DIVISION 224

CALIFORNIA, STATE OF 183 212 CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY HENDERSON, CITY OF 164 094 CLARK COUNTY, NEVADA, PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT 158 160 COOLIDGE (ARIZONA) CITY COUNCIL 083 LAS VEGAS PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT 159 CSRS 073 LAS VEGAS VALLEY WATER DISTRICT 144 174 259 LOS ANGELES DEPT. OF WATER AND POWER 218

184 MARICOPA ASSJCIATION OF GOVERNMENTS OFFICE OF ARID LANDS STUDIES, 069 UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 275 MARICOPA COUNTY 012 070 071 OFFICE OF ECONOMIC PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT 072 MARICOPA COUNTY, FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT 068 ORANGE COUNTY WATER DISTRICT 131 MARUM AND MARUM, INC. 267 OWRT 009 010 011 013 029 MIDWAY FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT 030 031 032 034 035 036 067 043 045 049 050 058 059 062 063 085 092 093 096 MOJAVE WATER AGENCY, VICTORVILLE, 097 098 099 100 101 102 CALIFORNIA 241 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 129 139 140 143 166 175 180 181 182 183 184 186 198 201 211 213 221 225 260 262 NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER 266 270 271 272 274 277 005 006 007 278 279 281 280 282 283 NASA, LBJ SPACE CENTER, HOUSTON, TEXAS 004 NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION 275 PACIFIC GAS ANDELECTRIC 218 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF HEALTH 233 PHOENIX,CITY OF 012 NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHIC AND PIMA COUNTY DEPARTMENT OFSANITATION ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION 084 135

NATIONAL PARK SERVICE 134 151 152 273 NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION 008 166 233 244 250 SALT RIVER PROJECT 275 NATURE CONSERVANCY SANCTUARY SAN DIEGO GAS AND ELECTRIC CO. 274 261 NEVADA DEPT. OF CONSERVATION AND SANTA MARGARITA -SAN LUIS REY WATERSHED NATURAL RESOURCES 146 PLANNING AGENCY 198 NEVADA DIVISION OF STATE PARKS SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON 173 218 NEVADA POWER COMPANY 185 SOUTHERN NEVADA WATER SYSTEM 137 138 176 177 178 NEVADA STATE STUDY TEAM 161 SOUTHWEST ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES NEVADA, STATE OF 124 129 274 139 141 182 133 184 186 STATE OF ARIZONA 276 NEW MEXICO STATE ENGINEER 046 STATE WATER AGENCIES: ARIZONA, NEVADA, NOAA -NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL SATELLIT$ UTAH 126 SERVICE 003 NORTH LAS VEGAS PUBLIC WORKS DEPT. 159

185 U.S. BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT WATER RESOURCES CENTER, UNIVERSITY 190 231 OF CALIFORNIA 211 221 -253 254 262 U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION 017 020 044 051 086 094 WATER RESOURCES, CALIFORNIA, NEVADA , 191 127 128 145 151 152 162 ARIZONA 193 203 163 179 133 198 201 207 205 215 216 217 219 222 210 220 226 245 246 248 227 273 WIRTH ASSOCIATES, PHOENIX, ARIZONA U.S.BUREAU OF SPORT FISHERIESAND 234 WILDLIFE 142

U.S.DEPART:IF.NT OF AGRICULTURE 046 064 073 199 256 258 U.S.DEPT OF INTERIOR 204

U.S.FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE 155 156 157

U.S.FOREST SERVICE 046 255 263 264 265 275

U.S.FOREST SERRVICE,ROCKY MOUNTAIN FOREST AND RANGE EXPERIMENT STATION 088 089 090 091 Q.S. SALINITY LABORATORY, USDA 017 020 053 U.S. SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE 016 019 046 047. 220 U.S. WATER CONSERVATION LABORATORY 014 015 018 022 023 024 025 026 027 028 UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 017 021 267 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 233 UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, LAS VEGAS, ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT 154 UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, RENO 147

UTAH, STATE DF 139

VARIOUS FARMERS 020

186