DOCSLIB.ORG

NATIONAL LIFE STORIES CITY LIVES Julius Neave Interviewed by David Phillips C409/34

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
NATIONAL LIFE STORIES CITY LIVES Julius Neave Interviewed by David Phillips C409/34 NATIONAL LIFE STORIES CITY LIVES Julius Neave Interviewed by David Phillips C409/34 This interview and transcript is accessible via http://sounds.bl.uk. © The British Library Board. Please refer to the Oral History curators at the British Library prior to any publication or broadcast from this document. Oral History The British Library 96 Euston Road London NW1 2DB United Kingdom +44 (0)20 7412 7404 [email protected] Every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of this transcript, however no transcript is an exact translation of the spoken word, and this document is intended to be a guide to the original recording, not replace it. Should you find any errors please inform the Oral History curators BRITISH LIBRARY NATIONAL SOUND ARCHIVE NATIONAL LIFE STORY COLLECTION INTERVIEW SUMMARY SHEET ____________________________________________________________ Ref. No.: C409/034 Playback Nos: F406-416 inclusive ____________________________________________________________ Collection Title: City Lives ____________________________________________________________ Interviewee's surname: Neave Title: Mr Interviewee's forenames: Julius Arthur Sheffield Date of Birth: l7th July l9l9 Sex: Male ____________________________________________________________ Date(s) of recording: l8/l2/89; 5/l/90; 24/l/90 Location of interview: Interviewee's home Name of interviewer: David Phillips Type of recorder: Marantz Total no. of tapes: ll Speed: Type of tape: C60 Noise Reduction: dbx Mono or stereo: Stereo Original or copy: Original ____________________________________________________________ Additional material: Five photographs; two booklets on M & G ____________________________________________________________ Copyright/clearance: Full clearance given ________________________________________________________ James Neave C409/34 Tape 1 Side A (Part 1) Page 1 Tape 1 Side A (part 1) Can you tell me when and where you were born? I was born in July l9l9, very near here. I mean you can almost see it. Here being? In this village. The actual parish is Fryerning. And Fryerning and Ingatestone are two sort of twin parishes. One north of the Al2 and the other one south of the Al2. Really that's how it works out now. But in the - at the time I was born both my grandparents lived in this parish. My father and his father lived in this house. And my mother and her parents lived in a house about - I suppose a mile and a half away across the fields. And - that's really - Was your grandfather a farmer or a landowner? No. My grandfather Sheffield Neave was left a very large fortune when he was still at Eton. And he was a remarkable man inasmuch as he never did a hands turn of work until he was 40. I say a hands turn of work. What happened was he became very keen on Africa and big game shooting and he went out there a lot and he reckoned that the only thing that was going to prevent Africa becoming a sort of agricultural paradise was the conquering of the tse-tse fly or the sleeping sickness problem in cattle. And remarkably at the age of 40 he qualified as a doctor with this idea. And he - did most of his work in the Belgian Congo and in Tanganika. In fact he was one of the founders of a thing that became quite well known, called Tanganika Concessions. But it never really got anywhere. But by this time he was qualified as a doctor. Do you remember him? Oh, very well. I mean there are pictures of him in the house. He was a great sort of outdoor man. He was master of the Essex Stag Hounds for a long time, which he kept here in the - the farm buildings. But he gave that up in l900 because he said that the place was getting too built over. So - Can I ask you what was the fortune from? Well, his - grandfather was governor of the Bank of England. And - or was it is father, I can't - But it was in the family. The family had big trading interests in - in - the Carribbean. All over the world. And although it was never - I don't think it was a very large firm, it was a very prosperous one - in the City. What sort of influences did he have on you? James Neave C409/34 Tape 1 Side A (Part 1) Page 2 He was a very - eccentric man in many ways. He was a very rough, tough chap also. I mean to - to describe him a little bit. He never gave up playing polo even at the age of 83 when he died. But he'd had to give up hunting. Because he couldn't off his horse and do a pee and get on again. But playing polo was alright because it only lasted for 7 minutes. And so he thought he wasn't getting enough exercise so he took up playing golf. And - my brother and I used to go and play golf with him. This was at the age of 80. And he'd play l8 holes in the morning, starting at about 8 o'clock, before anybody else could get on the tee. And I mean his golf was quite awful. I mean it was quite beyond anything getting him a handicap or anything like that. And then we'd get back to the car about mid-day and have a sandwich of some kind and a cup of coffee. And then we'd play another l8 holes. We'd then come back and finish off the sandwiches. And so that he hadn't played the first or the second 9 very well. Which was the understatement of all time. And then play another 9 holes. Well you see at that sort of age he was remarkably tough. I think he had a big influence on one. I mean we used to have to carry his cartridges out shooting and he went out shooting, he never stopped. He was the most tremendously energetic man. How old were you then? I suppose I was - this was mostly on holiday from prep school. I suppose I was l0, l2, l4. My father was a soldier. And - this old grandfather kept him very short of money. Because he'd - said he hadn't - When he was at Sandhurst, my father, he was going into the Rifle Brigade. And you had to have a Kings nomination to do that in those days. What does that mean? Well you had to be nominated. I'm not quite sure what the full procedure was, but it wasn't easy to get into the Rifle Brigade. And it required a certain amount of influence and this sort of - And my father got this while he was at Eton. And then went to Sandhurst. My grandfather was out - typically Victorian this - was out in Africa. But had given him a horse. And this horse through no fault of my father's fell down dead under him in a steeplechase at Sandhurst. And from then on he was regarded as having no idea of the value of money. And so he was kept very short of money. And in fact this old grandfather never sent my brother and I to Eton and we were the only Neaves that I know of who never went to Eton. We were sent to Sherborne. Not that I have any regrets now. I enjoyed my time at Sherborne. And I think it was probably a very much better influence on ones career perhaps than Eton would have been. Your father was unable to pay for the fees for you to go? He was a soldier and until my grandfather died he was pretty - pretty hard up. And I think that's very good for one to know what the meaning of poverty was. Because I didn't have any money at all. And - anyrate I think that was the sort of influence that he - He did a lot with us in funny ways. He used to take us out. But - take us out around here and - I was quite fond him. A bit frightened of him. James Neave C409/34 Tape 1 Side A (Part 1) Page 3 Why? Well he was a pretty tough customer. Did he influence your father to go into the army do you think? I think probably not. I think my father - had always wanted to go into the army. But to finish the story about - he didn't go into the Rifle Brigade. He went into the County Regiment. And his whole army career was in the Essex Regiment. And in fact he went straight from Sandhurst to the Boer War. With several friends of his at Eton. Notably old Sir Cahn Rasch who was a great Essex character. And - and they went out there straight from Sandhurst. Then he had a lot of time in India. And - I think - I don't think the work ethic was ever a very high priority in the Englishman of those days. Are we talking about your grandfather? And my father too. And my father too. And I mean a soldier's life then was one of providing one with the opportunities of doing almost any sport you wanted to do at a price you could afford to do it with people you enjoyed doing it with. And I mean it didn't provide him with an opportunity of making money or having to do a lot of work. And I think really the attitude of that generation has always seemed to me that there was no virtue in work. Which is very different today. When work is regarded as being an essential in the sort of ethic that one is brought up to.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Full Parish Council Meeting
    Parish Office Suite 2 4 The Limes Ingatestone Essex CM4 0BE Telephone: 01277 676759 Email: [email protected] www.ingatestone-fryerningpc.gov.uk FULL PARISH COUNCIL MEETING MINUTES OF MEETING HELD: 7 January 2021, 7.30pm VENUE: Virtual meeting via Zoom Present: Cllrs P Jeater M Marston M Hart P Batchelor (Chair) D Jelley P Davey D Sankey P Poston J Winter D Carpenter R Lee R Pittman Absent Cllrs C Baker E Benson C Russell Also A Wood BCllr Hones PC A Chouhan (Brentwood (Clerk and Community Safety Engagement RFO) Officer, Essex Police) FC21/001 Apologies for Absence – for noting but not approval Apologies from C Baker and C Russell FC21/002 Announcements and Declarations of Interest None were presented FC21/003 Public Participation No members of the public were in attendance. FC21/004 To approve the minutes of the Full Council meeting held on 3 December 2020 The minutes were approved but were not signed by Cllr Jeater owing to the virtual nature of the meeting. FC21/005 Matters arising for report (but not for resolution) Cllr Sankey asked for an update on the Market Place carpark toilets. Cllr Jeater advised that a request from Brentwood Borough Council had been received asking for parish council assistance. FC21/006 To hear from PC Anokhi Chouhan, Brentwood Community Safety Engagement Officer for Essex Police PC Chouhan was invited to speak, and she introduced herself and her new role within Essex Police. Points covered: At the moment, she is involved with online engagement including Q&A sessions. The latest session was well attended by Ingatestone and Fryerning residents.
    [Show full text]
  • 'You'll Never Beat the System by Bombing Number 1O' Perceptions of the Utility of Political Violence in Anarcho- Punk
    1. Title ‘You’ll never beat the system by bombing Number 1o’ Perceptions of the utility of political violence in anarcho- punk, 1977-1987 Rich Cross No Sir, I Won’t: Reconsidering the legacy of Crass and anarcho-punk, Oxford Brookes, 28 June 2013 2. Contention [As slide] Anarcho-punk should not be seen simply as a pacifist-punk culture. The culture’s self-identification as ‘peace punk’ was not immediate, and anarcho-punk quickly became diverse in political and cultural ambition, especially concerning the nature of opposition to the state Perceptions of the utility of political violence changed within a few short years, as anarcho-punk responded to a range of pressures and counter-pressures. Changing views of violence reflect shifts in the centre of political gravity within the movement 3. ‘Boring fucking politics will get us all shot’ Discussion about the recourse to political violence in Britain often starts from the assumption that the use of physical force in pursuit of political aims is somehow ‘alien’ to the British system. To provide the context for a discussion about anarcho-punk’s relationship to political violence means establishing the extent to which political violence (deployed by the state and its opponents) was a recurring feature of British political life in the late 1970s and 1980s. 4. Airey Neave Airey Neave, a senior conservative politician and notable establishment figure, was blow up and killed by the Irish National Liberation Army (INLA) as he left the House of Commons car park in March 1979. 5. Warrenpoint and Mountbatten In August 1979, the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) carried out its most devastating single attack against the British army, killing 18 paratroopers in a co-ordinated ambush at Warrenpoint.
    [Show full text]
  • Bernadette Devlin (Mcaliskey) John Hume Gerry
    Bernadette Devlin John Hume Gerry Adams (McAliskey) Born Cookstown, Co.Tyrone 1947 Born Derry 1937 Born 1948 Student at Queen's University, Went to St. Columb's College in Derry Republican family Belfast University of Maynooth BA Left school at 17 to be a barman Involved in civil rights movement Worked as teacher in St. Columb's IRA 1969 and marches organised by NICRA 1964-1965 involved in campaign for Interned 1971 1968-69 university to be located in Derry Involved in secret talks with Northern 1968 involved in left-wing student Involved in civil rights campaign Secretary (Whitelaw) 1972 group People's Democracy Elected to DHAC (Derry Housing Rearrested 1973 ran against Chichester-Clarke in 1969 Action Committee) 1968 Maze Prison election to Stormont Parliament in NI Elected to Stormont Parliament in 1969 Wrote 'Brownie Articles' for Ran in Westminster by-election 1969 1970 helped set up SDLP (Social Republican News as nationalist 'Unity' candidate Democratic and Labour Party) Suggested IRA needed political as Elected MP to Westminster age 21 Involved in negotiations on power- well as military campaign (youngest woman ever elected to sharing which led to Sunningdale Released 1977 House of Commons) Agreement 1974 Vice President SF 1978 Retained her seat in 1970 General Minister for Commerce in NI President SF 1983 Election to Westminster Excecutive set up by Sunningdale 'Armalite in one hand and the ballot Involved in 'Battle of the Bogside' But Executive collapsed May 1974 after box in the other' 1969 general strike organised by unionist
    [Show full text]
  • Wilson, MI5 and the Rise of Thatcher Covert Operations in British Politics 1974-1978 Foreword
    • Forward by Kevin McNamara MP • An Outline of the Contents • Preparing the ground • Military manoeuvres • Rumours of coups • The 'private armies' of 1974 re-examined • The National Association for Freedom • Destabilising the Wilson government 1974-76 • Marketing the dirt • Psy ops in Northern Ireland • The central role of MI5 • Conclusions • Appendix 1: ISC, FWF, IRD • Appendix 2: the Pinay Circle • Appendix 3: FARI & INTERDOC • Appendix 4: the Conflict Between MI5 and MI6 in Northern Ireland • Appendix 5: TARA • Appendix 6: Examples of political psy ops targets 1973/4 - non Army origin • Appendix 7 John Colin Wallace 1968-76 • Appendix 8: Biographies • Bibliography Introduction This is issue 11 of The Lobster, a magazine about parapolitics and intelligence activities. Details of subscription rates and previous issues are at the back. This is an atypical issue consisting of just one essay and various appendices which has been researched, written, typed, printed etc by the two of us in less than four months. Its shortcomings should be seen in that light. Brutally summarised, our thesis is this. Mrs Thatcher (and 'Thatcherism') grew out of a right-wing network in this country with extensive links to the military-intelligence establishment. Her rise to power was the climax of a long campaign by this network which included a protracted destabilisation campaign against the Liberal and Labour Parties - chiefly the Labour Party - during 1974-6. We are not offering a conspiracy theory about the rise of Mrs Thatcher, but we do think that the outlines of a concerted campaign to discredit the other parties, to engineer a right-wing leader of the Tory Party, and then a right-wing government, is visible.
    [Show full text]
  • Accounting and Discounting for the International Contacts of the Provisional Irish Republican Army by Michael Mckinley
    Conflict Quarterly Of "Alien Influences": Accounting and Discounting for the International Contacts of the Provisional Irish Republican Army by Michael McKinley NATURE OF INTERNATIONAL CONTACTS In a world where nation states are unanimous in their disavowal of terrorism — even if they are incapable of unanimously agreeing on a defini­ tion of what it is they are disavowing — and in a Western Europe which regards separatist and irredentist claims as anathema, mere is a natural ten­ dency for those who are so excluded to make common cause where they might Disparate as these groups are, they really have only themselves to meet as equals; though they might wish to be nation states or represent nation states in the fullness of time, they exist until then as interlopers in the relations between states: seldom invited and then almost always disappointed by their reception. It is a world with which the Provisional Irish Republican Army and its more political expression, Sinn Fein, are entirely familiar and also one in which, given their history, political complexion, strategy and objectives, it would be extraordinarily strange for them not to have a wide range of inter­ national contacts. But potent as the reflex of commonality by exclusion is, it does not completely determine these linkages because to argue this is to argue on the basis of default rather than purpose. For the Provisionals there is a utility not only of making such contacts but also in formalizing them where possible within the movements' organizational structure. Thus, in 1976 the Sinn Fein Ard Fheis moved to establish, under the directorship of Risteard Behal, a Foreign Affairs Bureau, with Behal as its first "sort of roving Euro­ pean ambassador .
    [Show full text]
  • Author's Note
    AUTHOR’S NOTE A history of MI9 was first provided by Airey Neave (Saturday at MI9) in 1969. His account, followed by those of Donald Darling and then M.R.D. Foot with Jimmy Langley, closely matches the history and development of MI9 as seen in the official MI9 histories, training lectures and manuals and MI9 bulletins.1 The types of escape aids, and the amounts of these sent in to POW camps, were also detailed in their books prior to declassification of the official MI9 war diary.2 There are limiting factors with the MI9 files which contain no historical accounts of the formation and history of the Comet Line, Pat Line or sea evacuations. MI9 was running its operations in the context of a war that needed to be won and therefore was clearly not collecting information to write an official history of the escape lines later. The reconstructions by Foot and Langley, Darling and Neave from eyewitness accounts, leaders of the escape lines, helpers and MI9 agents provide the first detailed histories of escape lines that cannot be reconstructed from material in MI9 files. New material will emerge in this book on the role of MI9’s women who worked at its headquarters, first in London and then at Wilton Park in Beaconsfield. MI9 used female interrogators – a job traditionally reserved only for men. I also uncover new evidence related to women’s intelligence work in occupied Europe. Through simple and ordinary acts of resistance, they made a significant contribution to saving Allied airmen and soldiers. Their stories in Italy are a good example of this.
    [Show full text]
  • Essex County Council (The Commons Registration Authority) Index of Register for Deposits Made Under S31(6) Highways Act 1980
    Essex County Council (The Commons Registration Authority) Index of Register for Deposits made under s31(6) Highways Act 1980 and s15A(1) Commons Act 2006 For all enquiries about the contents of the Register please contact the: Public Rights of Way and Highway Records Manager email address: [email protected] Telephone No. 0345 603 7631 Highway Highway Commons Declaration Link to Unique Ref OS GRID Statement Statement Deeds Reg No. DISTRICT PARISH LAND DESCRIPTION POST CODES DEPOSITOR/LANDOWNER DEPOSIT DATE Expiry Date SUBMITTED REMARKS No. REFERENCES Deposit Date Deposit Date DEPOSIT (PART B) (PART D) (PART C) >Land to the west side of Canfield Road, Takeley, Bishops Christopher James Harold Philpot of Stortford TL566209, C/PW To be CM22 6QA, CM22 Boyton Hall Farmhouse, Boyton CA16 Form & 1252 Uttlesford Takeley >Land on the west side of Canfield Road, Takeley, Bishops TL564205, 11/11/2020 11/11/2020 allocated. 6TG, CM22 6ST Cross, Chelmsford, Essex, CM1 4LN Plan Stortford TL567205 on behalf of Takeley Farming LLP >Land on east side of Station Road, Takeley, Bishops Stortford >Land at Newland Fann, Roxwell, Chelmsford >Boyton Hall Fa1m, Roxwell, CM1 4LN >Mashbury Church, Mashbury TL647127, >Part ofChignal Hall and Brittons Farm, Chignal St James, TL642122, Chelmsford TL640115, >Part of Boyton Hall Faim and Newland Hall Fann, Roxwell TL638110, >Leys House, Boyton Cross, Roxwell, Chelmsford, CM I 4LP TL633100, Christopher James Harold Philpot of >4 Hill Farm Cottages, Bishops Stortford Road, Roxwell, CMI 4LJ TL626098, Roxwell, Boyton Hall Farmhouse, Boyton C/PW To be >10 to 12 (inclusive) Boyton Hall Lane, Roxwell, CM1 4LW TL647107, CM1 4LN, CM1 4LP, CA16 Form & 1251 Chelmsford Mashbury, Cross, Chelmsford, Essex, CM14 11/11/2020 11/11/2020 allocated.
    [Show full text]
  • Hardings Farm. Hardings Lane, Fryerning, Essex. CM4 0HZ
    SITE PLAN ATTACHED HARDINGS FARM HARDINGS LANE FRYERNING ESSEX CM4 0HZ DEMOLITION OF EXISTING BUILDINGS AND REPLACEMENT WITH FIVE DWELLINGS APPLICATION NO: 19/00421/FUL Ingatestone, Fryerning & 8/13 WEEK WARD 13.05.2019 Mountnessing DATE PARISH Ingatestone & Fryerning Ext of time 6.9.2019 CASE OFFICER Mr Mike Ovenden Drawing no(s) 7842-02/A; 7842-03/A; 7842-06/A; 7842-08/A; 7842-09/A; relevant to this 7842-010/A; 7842-011/A; 7842-012/A; 7842-013/A; 7842- decision: 014/A; 7842-015/A; 7842-16/A; 7842-17/A; 7842-19/A; 7842-20/A; 7842-21/A; 7842-30/A; 7842-31/A; 7842-32/A; 7842-33/A; 7842-34/A; 7842-40; 7842-27/A; 7842-07B; 7842-18B; 7842-07B; 7842-18B; This application is referred to committee at the request of Councillor Cloke. CP1 Overdevelopment of the site and GB1 development in the Green belt 1. Proposal This application relates to the demolition of the non residential buildings related to a now dormant equestrian establishment and the erection of five dwellings. The application form indicates that foul drainage would be to mains sewers. 2. Policy Context Brentwood Replacement Local Plan 2005: Policy CP1 General Development Criteria Policy GB1 New Development Policy GB2 Development Criteria Policy T2 New Development and Highway Considerations Policy T5 Parking – General Policy C14 Development Affecting Conservation Areas Policy C16 Development within the Vicinity of a Listed Building 1 National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) National Planning Policy Guidance (NPPG) Local Development Plan: The emerging Local Development Plan went through Pre-Submission (Publication Draft) Stage (Regulation 19) consultation between 5 February and 19 March 2019.
    [Show full text]
  • BASILDON DISTRICT COUNCIL 2009 AIDNDSRC ONI 2009 COUNCIL DISTRICT BASILDON Statement of Consultation on Draft Statement of Community Involvement 2009 2
    statement of consultation on draft statement of community involvement 2009 Introduction 2 contents Summary of Results 5 Consultation Responses 10 BASILDON DISTRICT COUNCIL 2009 BASILDON DISTRICT COUNCIL 2009 statement of consultation on draft statement of community involvement 2009 2 Introduction 5 Although the consultation was predominantly run on-line, reference copies of the draft SCI were available at the Basildon Centre, in the What is an SCI? main libraries in the District (Basildon, Billericay, Wickford and Pitsea), in St George's Community Area Housing Offices ( Basildon, Laindon 1 A Statement of Community Involvement (SCI) sets out how and when and Pitsea) and in the Tenant Resource Centre, Basildon. In addition, anyone with an interest in planning in the district can have their say paper copies were available from the Basildon Centre and the Forward on: Plans Team. Applications for planning permission for development (planning Consultation responses applications); Planning appeals (when planning permission is refused and the 6 Consultations on SCIs tend to have low response rates. Having said applicant appeals to the Secretary of State), that, 24 people/organisations have responded, making 224 comments. Planning enforcement; and Method of response: Plans made by the Council for the future development and / or protection of the area (the Local Development Framework (LDF)). 4 consultation form (paper) 2 The SCI formalises proposals for consulting the public on planning 5 emails matters, and builds on Planning Services’ existing consultation practices. 15 online via consultation portal The SCI includes examples and case studies of how the Council already Comments were received from:(in no particular order): consults and involves the public, to illustrate how the consultation guidelines set out in the SCI could be applied in practice.
    [Show full text]
  • Newsletter June 2018
    Newsletter June 2018 IFPC objects to 140 Seymour Field green belt homes gets green light Cover illustration of Ingatestone by local artist Geraldine Burles. Geraldine specialises in vintage travel inspired posters of historic villages and coastal scenes. www.geraldineburlesillustration.co.uk IngFryNewsletter_June2018__v8FINAL.indd 1 05/06/2018 12:02:25 Parish Council Staff Employees Committee Chairs and Vice Chairs Mrs Abi Wood PSLCC CiLCA Parish Clerk & RFO to the Council Policy and Resources Chair - Paul Jeater Mrs Rosemary Spouge CiLCA Vice Chair - Peter Davey Assistant Clerk Comms & IT Mrs Jose Wise Chair - Dawn Jelley Office Assistant Vice Chair - Emma Benson Chair Churchyards Chair - Toby Blunsten Mr Paul Jeater Vice Chair - Rachel Lee 80 The Furlongs | 07889 232042 Churchyard & Environment, Policy & Resources, Communications & IT, NPAC, Personnel Planning Vice Chair Chair - Kate Sutton Vice Chair - Phill Poston Mr Phill Poston 70 The Furlongs | 07711 349068 | Planning, Communications & IT, Personnel NPAC Chair - Jane Winter Members Personnel Mr David Abrey Chair - Jane Winter 22 Haslers Court | 354735 | Churchyards & Environment, Planning Vice Chair - Julie Fowkes Ms Emma Benson 23 Disney Close | 07971 147533 | Communications & IT, NPAC FRONT COVER Mr Toby Blunsten 119 Heybridge Road | 07738 998074 | Churchyards & Environ, Policy & Resources, Comms & IT, NPAC Cover illustration of Ingatestone by local artist Geraldine Burles. Mrs Linda Boyce Geraldine specialises Rookwood, High Street | 354971 | Churchyards & Environment, Policy
    [Show full text]
  • Northern Ireland •
    No 47 February 1983 20p BRITAIN • Northern Ireland • - I Northern Ireland 1983 presents a grim picture. British imperialist terror stalks the streets, as the Royal Ulster Constabulary carries out a '?hoot Or! s~Z~-t:' ~1,~~cl?-: 1?~·.~~Qi:~n ??:Q~ !H~t P('-::~l~] ;.c~n a-c·t~ \"! sts. The Catholic ghettos are hellholes of despair and oppression; the Protestant working-class areas scarcely better off. Against a backdrop of social deprivation, 25 per cent official unemployment and army/police re­ ",~~«.;d pression, the interpenetrated Catholic and Protestant communities are Top: British troops terrorise Belfast. Bottom: Droppin well after INlA bombing. locked into sectarian antagonisms which only seem to harden by the month. The conflicting claims of the Irish Catholic and Ulster Protestant peoples, two distinct communities sharing and contesting the same terri­ tory, cannot be democratically resolved within the framework of capital­ ipm. Every day the British army remains, it simply exacerbates the op­ pression of the Catholic masses and deepens the communal divisions. It is Troops out now - an elementary duty for proletarian revolutionists to demand their im­ mediate, unconditional withdrawal. But the Republican programme of forcible reunification of the Thirty Two Counties would simply reverse the current terms of oppression between Protestant and Catholic. There can be no solution to social oppression and the conflicting national/ smash the RUC/UOR! communal ciaims in Northern Ireland other than through the perspective of proletarian revolution, forging class unity between Catholic and Protestant workers in struggle against the common enemy. The gelignite bomb planted by the Irish National Liberation Army in a crowded pub in Ballykelly early last December, which killed six Prot­ Not Green against Orange estant civilians and eleven British soldiers, served only to deepen the sectarian hatred.
    [Show full text]
  • Ingatestone and Fryerning Historical and Archaeological Society
    Ingatestone and Fryerning Historical and attended by the Mayor, Deputy Mayor, Borough and Parish Councillors, Parishioners and members of the Girl Guiding Associations. Almost 200 people Archaeological Society attended the event and joined in the celebratory atmosphere with renditions of Happy Birthday throughout the evening. The society was founded way back in 1965 and holds 11 meetings a year in the Parish Rooms in Stock Lane. These meetings take place at 8pm on the first Tuesday in every month except in January. Experienced speakers are engaged to talk for about an hour on a whole range of topics such as the history of people and places, architecture and archaeology. The following talks are scheduled for 2016:- 2nd August Lavenham Guildhall 6th September Jane Austin, Marriage and Money 3rd October Samuel Pepys 1st November Richard 3rd - Saint or Sinner? 6th December Policing the East End in the 1970s The society also arranges trips to places of Historical interest and on 15th September a trip to Hever Castle has been arranged. The society encourages the participation of young people and an Anglo European School history essay competition is supported by the society each year and prizes for the best 3 essays are awarded. Each year the society members produce a presentation at the Horticultural Show in July. This is situated in the parish council marquee and always generates a great deal of interest for visitors. If you can, visit the stand and talk The special year was further marked by the flying of Union Jack Flags along the to the members who will tell you all about the society’s activities.
    [Show full text]