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Yunnan Sayu River Basin Rural Water Pollution Management and Eco- Compensation Demonstration Project (Part 1)

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Yunnan Sayu River Basin Rural Water Pollution Management and Eco- Compensation Demonstration Project (Part 1) Environmental Impact Assessment (DRAFT) November 2019 PRC: Yunnan Sayu River Basin Rural Water Pollution Management and Eco- Compensation Demonstration Project (Part 1) Prepared by the Zhaotong City Government for the Asian Development Bank. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 6 November 2019) Currency unit – yuan (CNY) CNY1.00 = US$0.1427 US$1.00 = CNY7.0097 ABBREVIATIONS ADB - Asian Development Bank IA - implementing agency BOD - biochemical oxygen demand LPMO - local project management office CNY - Chinese yuan LRB Land and Resources Bureau COD - chemical oxygen demand LIC - loan implementation consultant CRVA - climate risk vulnerability assessment MEP - Ministry of Ecology and Environment CS-EMP - construction site environmental management plan MSW - municipal solid waste CSC - construction supervision company mu - Chinese land unit (1 ha = 15 mu) DEIA - domestic environmental impact assessment NDRC - National Development and Reform Commission EA - executing agency NPS - nonpoint source EEB - Ecology and Environmental Bureau OPF - operator of project facility EFMC - eco-compensation fund management committee PIC - project implementation consultant EHS - environmental, health and safety PMO - project management office EIA - environmental impact assessment PRC - People’s Republic of China EMP - environmental management plan REA - rapid environmental assessment EMS - environmental monitoring station SPS - Safeguard Policy Statement EPD - Environmental Protection Department TOR - term of Reference FSR - feasibility study report TRTA - transaction technical assistance GDP - gross domestic product WSCP - water and soil conservation plan GHG - greenhouse gas WSP - water supply plant GPP - garbage pyrolysis plant WWTS - wastewater treatment station GRM - grievance redress mechanism YREB - Yangtze River Economic Belt GTS - garbage transfer station ZCG - Zhaotong City Government WEIGHTS AND MEASURES oC degree centigrade m2 square meter dB decibel m3/a cubic meter per annum g gram m3 cubic meter ha hectare m3/d cubic meter per day km kilometer m3/s cubic meter per second km2 square kilometer mg/l milligram per liter kW kilowatt mg/m3 milligram per cubic meter L liter Mm millimeter LAeq equivalent continuous A-weighted sound T metric ton MW megawattpressure level t/d metric ton per day m meter t/a ton per annum NOTE In this report, "$" refers to United States dollars. This environmental impact assessment is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of the Asian Development Bank’s (ADB) Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. 2 Table of Contents I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................... 7 A. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ 7 B. BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................................. 7 C. PROJECT COMPONENTS .................................................................................................................... 8 D. PROJECT BENEFITS AND FEATURES ...................................................................................................... 9 E. BASELINE ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................................................ 10 F. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ..................................................... 13 G. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ............................................................ 14 H. CLIMATE CHANGE .......................................................................................................................... 15 I. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN AND ESMS ............................................................................ 15 J. RISKS AND ASSURANCES .................................................................................................................. 15 II. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ........................................................ 17 A. OVERVIEW .................................................................................................................................... 17 B. PRC ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS, REGULATIONS, GUIDELINES, AND STANDARDS ........................................... 17 C. INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS ......................................................................................................... 23 D. APPLICABLE ADB POLICES AND WORLD BANK’S EHS GUIDELINES ......................................................... 23 E. ASSESSMENT STANDARDS FOR PROPOSED PROJECT COMPONENTS......................................................... 24 F. DOMESTIC EIA PREPARATION AND APPROVAL .................................................................................... 31 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ......................................................................................... 32 A. RATIONALE ................................................................................................................................... 32 B. OUTPUTS AND PROJECT COMPONENTS .............................................................................................. 33 C. ASSOCIATED AND EXISTING FACILITIES ............................................................................................... 56 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT (BASELINE) ............................................................. 59 A. LOCATION AND SETTING .................................................................................................................. 59 B. TOPOGRAPHY, GEOLOGY, AND SOILS ................................................................................................. 60 C. CLIMATE ....................................................................................................................................... 61 F. HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES ............................................................................................... 62 D. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES IN YUDONG RESERVOIR BASIN ....................................................................... 66 E. ECOLOGICAL VALUES ...................................................................................................................... 67 F. SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ................................................................................................ 85 G. ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY (BASELINE SAMPLING) ................................................................................ 85 a) Surface water quality ............................................................................................................ 86 b) Groundwater quality ............................................................................................................. 90 c) Soil and sediment quality ...................................................................................................... 93 d) Air quality ............................................................................................................................ 103 e) Acoustic environment .......................................................................................................... 105 V. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ............................. 108 A. PROJECT AREA OF INFLUENCE AND SENSITIVE RECEPTORS ................................................................... 108 B. ANTICIPATED PROJECT BENEFITS AND POSITIVE IMPACTS .................................................................... 110 C. PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE ........................................................................................................... 112 D. CONSTRUCTION PHASE ................................................................................................................. 112 a) Soil erosion and earthwork balance .................................................................................... 113 b) Water quality ....................................................................................................................... 116 3 c) Air quality ............................................................................................................................ 118 d) Noise .................................................................................................................................... 119 e) Vibration .............................................................................................................................. 121 f) Solid waste ........................................................................................................................... 121 g) Ecology ................................................................................................................................ 123 h) Community and worker health and safety .......................................................................... 125 i) Physical cultural resources .................................................................................................
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