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acfea.com 3HUVRQDO From the beginning, a dedicated ACFEA Tour Manager will work with your group and help you meet your ensemble’s touring goals. We provide skilled handling of all the technical and logistical details; securing the performance opportunities your group needs, and balancing your musical, sightseeing and cultural schedules. “I am always impressed with the accessibility of the ACFEA staff, from planning to implementation. I feel as though ours is the only tour happening - and I know that’s not true.” Deborah DeSantis, Artistic Director Colorado Children’s Chorale Like us on Facebook facebook.com/acfea 800-627-2141 ACFEA Tour Consultants Photos: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Chamber Singers performs in the Lady 110 Third Avenue North, Suite 202 Chapel of Ely Cathedral in England; Northwest Chamber Chorus performs in St. Stephen’s Basilica in Budapest, Hungary; Head Royce Colla Voce with the Edmonds, WA 98020 Oprah Winfrey Leadership Academy School Choir in Henley-on-Klip, www.acfea.com . [email protected] South Africa; Heinz Chapel Choir at Lake Titicaca in Peru CST 2063085-40. WST 600 470 812 March 2014 CONTENTS Vol. 54 • no 8 Cuban Choral Music: VENEZUELAN CHORAL COMPOSERS Historical Development OF THE 20TH AND 21ST CENTURIES: and Modern Infl uences A CATALOGUE 6 18 CANADA’S CHORAL MUSIC DEVELOPMENT MEXICAN CHORAL COMPOSERS: A BRIEF HISTORY 34 42 ARTICLES INSIDE 6 Cuban Choral Music: Historical Development and Modern Influences 2 From the Executive Director 4 From the Guest Contributor by José Rivera 5 From the Editor 48 Call for Interest Session Proposals 18 Venezuelan Choral Composers of the 20th and 21st Centuries: 49 Audition Guidelines for Performance A Catalogue at National Conferences 71 Treasure Chest by María Guinand 83 ACDA Constitution and Bylaws 96 Advertisers’ Index 34 Canada's Choral Music Development The Choral Journal is the official publication of The American by Hilary Apfelstadt Choral Directors Association (ACDA). ACDA is a nonprofit professional organization of choral directors from schools, colleges, and universities; community, church, and profes- 42 Mexican Choral Composers: A Brief History sional choral ensembles; and industry and institutional organizations. Choral Journal circulation: 19,000. by Jorge Cózatl Annual dues (includes subscription to the Choral Journal): Active $95, Industry $135, Institutional $110, Retired $45, and Student $35. One-year membership begins on date of dues acceptance. Library annual subscription rates: COLUMNS U.S. $45; Canada $50; Foreign $85. Single Copy $3; Back Issues $4. 53 Repertoire & Standards edited by Amy Blosser Permission is granted to all ACDA members to reproduce The Formula for a Healthy Men’s Choir articles from the Choral Journal for noncommercial, educa- tional purposes only. Nonmembers wishing to reproduce by Timothy Peter articles may request permission by writing to ACDA. 545 Couch Drive, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73102. Telephone: 57 On the Voice edited by Sharon Hansen 405/232-8161. All rights reserved. Why Do We Sing So Loud?— The Choral Journal (US ISSN 0009-5028) is issued monthly except for July by the American Choral Directors Assoica- Reflections on Reflexes That Deceive and Tendencies That Can Harm tion, 545 Couch Drive, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73102. by Rebecca Sherburn, Greta Stamper, and Tiffany Johnson Periodicals postage paid at Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, and additional mailing office. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Choral Journal, 545 Couch Drive, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73102. 65 Book Reviews edited by Stephen Town 69 Recorded Sound Reviews edited by David Puderbaugh Cover art by Efrain Guerrero, graphic artist, Austin, Texas Interior art by Tammy Brummell 77 Choral Reviews edited by Steven Grives Musical examples by Tunesmith Music <www.Tunesmithmusic.com> National Officers In his article “Bringing Minds To- President Karen Fulmer FROM THE gether,” John Abele states, “Academic 253-927-6814 (VOICE) [email protected] collaboration, I’ve learned over the Vice president EXECUTIVE years, is something of an oxymoron.” Jo-Michael Scheibe (July–August, 2011 Harvard Business University of Southern California [email protected] DIRECTOR Review) In my experience, I fi nd the President-elect same statement is often true for col- Mary Hopper Wheaton College laboration among arts organizations and between 630-752-5828 (voice) [email protected] ensemble directors. However, I believe our leaders NATIONAL TREASURER of ensembles will be more successful in carrying out Jo Ann Miller their mission and even within their internal ensemble North Dakota State University [email protected] collaboration if disciplined collaboration takes place Executive Director proactively in their work outside the rehearsal room Tim Sharp 405-232-8161(voice) with other colleagues and organizations. [email protected] Tim Sharp As executive director of the American Choral Central Division President Brett Goad Directors Association, it is my pleasure to regularly Illinois State University work with and observe hundreds of conductors, their ensembles, and their 630-621-8452 (voice) [email protected] work in rehearsals and performances as they carry out their mission in their Eastern Division President home communities. ACDA works with artistic leaders and ensemble direc- Robert Duff Dartmouth College tors who conduct a variety of choral performing organizations. As an as- 603-646-2111 (voice) [email protected] sociation, we broadly consider choirs under two separate categories, which North Central Division President is a helpful way of thinking about ensembles of all descriptions, whether james kinchen choral or instrumental. The fi rst category consists of those ensembles and University of Wisconsin-Parkside 262-595-2841 (voice) directors that work and function within the structure of an educational [email protected] framework; the second category are those ensembles that work within Northwestern Division President Gary Weidenaar the community framework—in coordination with but outside the formal Central Washington University 509-963-1616 (voice) educational system. [email protected] These two broad areas are further defi ned within the educational Southern Division President framework as elementary, middle school/junior high, high school, commu- Kevin Fenton Florida State University nity and two-year colleges, and four-year colleges and universities. Within 850-644-2317 (voice) [email protected] the environment of community-based choral ensembles, the areas of focus Southwestern Division President generally follow the same age groupings as the educational structure, and Brent Ballweg Oklahoma Baptist University then continue into life through a variety of adult groups who often embrace 405-585-4316 (voice) younger singers as well. Some choirs exist within faith-based communities, [email protected] Western Division President which brings a different focus to the mission of the ensemble, the type of Steve Hodson literature prepared and presented, and the administration of the ensemble. Westmont College 805-565-6192 Musicians within all these choirs range from beginners to professionals. [email protected] In ACDA’s work toward addressing this wide variety of types of choirs, Industry Associate Representative Alec Harris ensembles under these categories include boys choirs, children’s choirs, GIA Publications Inc. 708-496-3800 (voice) youth choirs, church and synagogue choirs, male choirs, female choirs, col- Chair, Past Presidents’ Council lege and university choirs, and others that defi ne themselves by literature, Jerry McCoy voicing, styles, social structure, administration, the amateur-to-professional University of North Texas 940-369-8389 (voice) continuum, and mission. [email protected] I am a great advocate of all types of ensembles. In addition to fully enjoy- National Past Presidents ing their performances, I closely observe how the various types of ensembles † Archie Jones † Hugh Sanders † Elwood Keister David O. Thorsen operate within the communities and regions where they exist. As a board † Warner Imig Diana J. Leland † J. Clark Rhodes William B. Hatcher member of the International Federation for Choral Music, I also have the † Harold A. Decker John B. Haberlen † Theron Kirk † Lynn Whitten opportunity to observe ensembles as they operate within the international † Charles C. Hirt James A. Moore † Morris D. Hayes Milburn Price environment. I regularly travel to adjudicate festivals made up of these Russell Mathis David Stutzenberger † Walter S. Collins Mitzi Groom ensembles, work with them in symposia and festivals, work closely with H. Royce Saltzman Michele Holt † Colleen Kirk Hilary Apfelstadt Maurice T. Casey Executive Director's their conductors to assist them in car- The mission of the Log rying out their mission, and diligently American Choral Directors Association strive to support their achievements is to inspire excellence in choral music through education, performance, What's on in education and performance. And, Tim's daytimer? in the spirit of full disclosure, I am a composition, and advocacy. conductor myself. March 5 - 8 Southern Division ACDA The work of collaboration has Jacksonville, FL become increasingly important March 13 - 15 Northwestern Division ACDA as ensembles attempt to connect Seattle, WA their mission in new ways with their March 15 - 17 Festival of Gold The 12 Purposes San Francisco, CA community, collaborate with new composers and new musical ideas, March 19 - 20 Southwestern Division