water Article Diversity of Alien Macroinvertebrate Species in Serbian Waters Katarina Zori´c* , Ana Atanackovi´c,Jelena Tomovi´c,Božica Vasiljevi´c,Bojana Tubi´c and Momir Paunovi´c Department for Hydroecology and Water Protection, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stankovi´c”—NationalInstitute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia;
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[email protected] Received: 29 September 2020; Accepted: 7 December 2020; Published: 15 December 2020 Abstract: This article provides the first comprehensive list of alien macroinvertebrate species registered and/or established in aquatic ecosystems in Serbia as a potential threat to native biodiversity. The list comprised field investigations, articles, grey literature, and unpublished data. Twenty-nine species of macroinvertebrates have been recorded since 1942, with a domination of the Ponto-Caspian faunistic elements. The majority of recorded species have broad distribution and are naturalized in the waters of Serbia, while occasional or single findings of seven taxa indicate that these species have failed to form populations. Presented results clearly show that the Danube is the main corridor for the introduction and spread of non-native species into Serbia. Keywords: Serbia; inland waters; allochthonous species; introduction 1. Introduction The Water Framework Directive (WFD) [1] represents key regulation and one of the most important documents in the European Union water legislation since it was adopted in 2000.