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State Authority and Competing Arrangements in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes/ Yugoslavia (1918–1941)
ADMINISTORY ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR VERWALTUNGSGESCHICHTE BAND 5, 2020 SEITE 152–166 D O I : 10.2478/ADHI-2020-0010 State Authority and Competing Arrangements in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes/ Yugoslavia (1918–1941) IVAN KOSNICA Introduction and the content of the unitarian Constitution of 1921 The important feature analysed in this article is the because of this line of thinking, and pursued the relations between state authority and the Croatian policy of not recognizing the Constitution until 1925. Peasant Party (Hrvatska seljačka stranka) (hereinafter Furthermore, the HSS refined its policy from the HSS) with its para-state structures in the Kingdom of mid-1930s and significantly developed a system of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, known as the Kingdom para-state organizations. Thus, the HSS formed »the of Yugoslavia, for the period 1929–1941.1 Para-state state within the state« according to Suzana Leček.4 structures means the system of organizations organized The phrase »competing arrangements« is used in this by the HSS, namely the Peasant Community (Seljačka chapter to indicate the activities of the HSS in opposing sloga), the Economic Community (Gospodarska sloga) state authorities. This, however, does not mean that and the Croatian Civil and Croatian Peasant Protection it was all about competition because cooperation and (Hrvatska seljačka i Hrvatska građanska zaštita) participation of the HSS in state structures existed to a which were the most important ones.2 As stated above, certain degree as well.5 This was particularly apparent relations in the mostly Croatian populated areas of the during the period from 1925 to 1927 when the HSS was Kingdom are analysed.3 part of the central government. -
Sanatoria in the First Half of the XX Century in the Province of Vojvodina
Special articles Sanatoria in the first half of the XX century in the Province of Vojvodina Dušanka Dobanovački1, Milan Breberina2, Božica Vujošević3, Marija Pećanac1, Nenad Žakula1, Velimir Trajković1 Summary Arch Oncol 2013;21(1):34–43. Following the shift in therapy of tuberculosis in the mid-19th century, by the beginning of the 20th century numerous UDC: 616.24-002.5:725.515 tuberculosis sanatoria were established in Western Europe. Being an institutional novelty in the medical practice, (497.113Vojvodina)” th 19th/20thC”:93/94:61 sanatoria spread within the first 20 years of the 20 century to Central and Eastern Europe, including the southern DOI: 10.2298/AOO1301034D region of the Panonian plain, the present-day Province of Vojvodina in Serbia north of the rivers Sava and Danube. 1Pediatric Surgery Clinic, The health policy and regulations of the newly built state – the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians/Yugoslavia, Institute for Children and Youth Health Care Novi Sad, Serbia provided a rather liberal framework for introducing the concept of sanatorium. 2Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Soon after the World War I there were 14 sanatoria in this region, and the period of their expansion was between 1920 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia 3International Medical Centre Banja Luka, and 1939 when at least 27 sanatoria were founded, more than half of the total number of 46 sanatoria in the whole Republic of Srpska state in that period. Correspondence to: Dušanka Dobanovački, MD PhD, However, only two of these were for pulmonary diseases. One of them was privately owned the open public sanato- Pediatric Surgery Clinic, Institute for rium the English-Yugoslav Hospital for Paediatric Osteo-Articular Tuberculosis in Sremska Kamenica, and the other Children and Youth Health Care of Vojvodina, Hajduk Veljkova 10, was state-run (at Iriški venac, on the Fruška Gora mountain, as a unit of the Department for Lung Disease of the Main 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia Regional Hospital). -
Democratic League of Tie Croats in Vojvodina
I DEMOCRATIC LEAGUE OF TIE CROATS IN VOJVODINA DOCUMENTS January 1994 Address: Democratic League of the Croats in Vojvodina Trg Lazara Nesica 1/X 24000 Subotica Yugoslavia Tel/fax: (381) 24 51 348 39 459 a CONTENTS I. MAPS OF THE EX FORMER SOCIALIST FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF YUGOSLAVIA II. INTRODUCTION III. BACKGROUND INFORMATION IV. POPULATION V. CULTURAL AND SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS VI. HISTORICAL EVENTS VII. THE CROATS IN VOJVODINA VIII. JURIDICAL SITUATION OF CROATS IN VOJVODINA IX. VIOLATION OF HUMAN CIVIL AND COLLECTIVE RIGHTS EX SFR Yugoslavia ~F_. HUNGARY. ROMANIA Belgrade CROATS IN BACKA, SRIJEM AND BANAT (VOJVODINA) POSITION OF CROATS IN VOJVODINA REGARDING THEIR CULTURAL, POLITICAL, AND OTHER FUNDAMENTAL AND HUMAN RIGHTS Introduction As a result of the Croats in Vojvodina being deprived of their rights and the assimilatory policies which have calculatedly been implemented for over 70 years, the Croatian population has constantly been in decline. The war against Croatia and the destruction the war has caused directly reflect upon the status of Croats in Vojvodina. All too often they are insulted and taunted. They are attacked through public media, the Croatian media are blocked, they are mistreated by Serbian government authorities and rendered powerless in all areas of public life. Croatian cultural and historic monuments are being destroyed (Baa, Subotica, among others), and Croatian homes in Novi Slankamen have been blasted by machine gun fire, besides a whole line of similar occurrences. With that kind of politics, Serbia, especially after the cessation of the constitutional autonomy of Vojvodina, would like to destroy the will of the Croats to live in the areas of Barka, Banat, and Srijem, where Croats had already been living for thirteen hundred years. -
ABSTRACT Title of Document: the FURTHEST
ABSTRACT Title of Document: THE FURTHEST WATCH OF THE REICH: NATIONAL SOCIALISM, ETHNIC GERMANS, AND THE OCCUPATION OF THE SERBIAN BANAT, 1941-1944 Mirna Zakic, Ph.D., 2011 Directed by: Professor Jeffrey Herf, Department of History This dissertation examines the Volksdeutsche (ethnic Germans) of the Serbian Banat (northeastern Serbia) during World War II, with a focus on their collaboration with the invading Germans from the Third Reich, and their participation in the occupation of their home region. It focuses on the occupation period (April 1941-October 1944) so as to illuminate three major themes: the mutual perceptions held by ethnic and Reich Germans and how these shaped policy; the motivation behind ethnic German collaboration; and the events which drew ethnic Germans ever deeper into complicity with the Third Reich. The Banat ethnic Germans profited from a fortuitous meeting of diplomatic, military, ideological and economic reasons, which prompted the Third Reich to occupy their home region in April 1941. They played a leading role in the administration and policing of the Serbian Banat until October 1944, when the Red Army invaded the Banat. The ethnic Germans collaborated with the Nazi regime in many ways: they accepted its worldview as their own, supplied it with food, administrative services and eventually soldiers. They acted as enforcers and executors of its policies, which benefited them as perceived racial and ideological kin to Reich Germans. These policies did so at the expense of the multiethnic Banat‟s other residents, especially Jews and Serbs. In this, the Third Reich replicated general policy guidelines already implemented inside Germany and elsewhere in German-occupied Europe. -
Exhibition Bread in the Great
EXHIBITION – BREAD IN THE GREAT WAR Author Dimitrije Vujadinovic REPORT 2014 There is nothing in the world as human as bread. Dostoevsky INTRODUCTION Without doubt bread is one of the most significant inventions of Man. It marks a revolutionary turn in his evolution. From being a hunter-gatherer and living as a nomad, Man started working the land, building settlements and creating culture. Bread is the only type of food connecting Man with basic principles of life and the transcendental. Ritual bread follows us from birth to death, even after death. When in the ancient past our ancestors started making bread that was a result of long-lasting experience, patient work and will. As soon as they tasted it, people realized its importance to survival. Precisely because of its importance as basic food, bread has become a symbol of life, spirituality and a reflection of culture. Bread has gained its unique position in man’s life because of its peculiarity. Bread’s ingredients are the basis and symbols of a lasting life (seed, salt and water); then as food – “first course”; while the very making of dough and baking are seen as the creation of the world. In the tradition of many peoples, bread creates the balance between Man and invisible forces endangering his life, and is also used as on object with magical powers to fulfil human wishes. The former is played out through giving bread as a gift, and the latter is based on the belief that bread can transfer certain qualities onto those who come in contact with it. -
THE VOIVODINA § I. GEOGRAPHY and POPULATION HE Main
_____________-—— • — ~—•• .~..sg.: .•: THE VOIVODINA § I. GEOGRAPHY AND POPULATION HE main portion of that part of Hungary proper acquired by Yugoslavia is Tthe so-called ‘Voivodina¹—a blunt triangular. chunk of 19,221 square kilometers hacked rudely off the southern end of the great Hungarian plain in such manner as to form an eastward prolongation of Slovenia and an approach from the north to Serbia. On the west and south-west it marches with Slovenia, whence it is divided successively by the Drave to its junction with the Danube, and the Danube to its meeting with the Save. On the south the Danube separates it from Serbia. These great rivers form well-defined boundaries; but the eastern frontier with Romania, which runs north-westward from the Danube to a point just south of the Mures (Maros), and the northern, with Hungary, which runs across the Tisza and the Danube back to the Drave, are mere conventional lines drawn on a map, which only occasionally and accidentally coincide with any discernible natural feature. Natural features are, it must be admitted, hard to find outside the rivers, which dominate the landscape. Besides the frontier rivers of the Danube and the Drave, the Tisza flows through the very heart of the country to its junction with the Danube a score of miles above Belgrade. The land is simply a great flat alluvial plain drained, watered, and at times inundated by these vast and imposing streams, which are at once its benefactors and its terrors, but at all times its masters. The fields have to be protected by great dikes, drained by canals. -
The Roma Decade in AP Vojvodina
Monthly Periodical of The Roma Inclusion Office The Roma Decade in AP Vojvodina No. 52, august 2015 Photo of the month: Agreements for the education of Roma elementary school students in the Province Founder and Publisher of the Periodical: The Roma Inclusion Office of the Govern- ment of AP Vojvodina Editor in Chief: Duško Jovanović Managing Editor: Aleksandra Mićić The team: Dragana Rajić Aleksandra Mićić Tijana Čubrilo Ljiljana Maričić Graphic design Associate: Tatjana Bošković Correspondents: Ferenc Koso DEAR Coordinators for Roma issues of the AP Vojvodina Ivana Koprivica READER, Translation into Romani: Nota Bene, Centar za prevođenje i učenje stranih jezika Novi Sad n the August issue you can find two interviews that analyze the results of the Decade of Roma Translation into English: with Vitomir Mihajlović, president of the Nation- Aleksandra Vranić I al Council of Roma and Nenad Ivanišević, presi- Technical Preparation and Printing: dent of the Council for Roma Integration. Lola preduzetništvo, Beograd, www.lolapreduzetnistvo.co.rs We found out about the biggest problems of Roma in the municipality of Ruma from talking to Circulation: the Roma Coordinator. 1000 copies Agreements on financing elementary school Address: students were signed at the Provincial Secretariat Bulevar Mihajla Pupina 25, 21000 Novi Sad for Economy, Employment and Gender Equality Tel: 021/488-17-23 [email protected] with municipalities, and we also present to you www.inkluzijaroma.vojvodina.gov.rs public works of the Secretariat’s Call, implement- ed by an association of Roma in Mokrin, where CIP - Cataloging in Publication The Matica Srpska Library, Novi Sad nine Roma citizens were hired for the works. -
Magyars and Serbs: the 'Southlands'
Magyars and Serbs: the 'Southlands' The 1941 occupation of the Southlands and the 1942 round up E n ik ő A. Sajti On 10 April 1941, four days after Germany attacked Yugoslavia and the day Croa tia seceded from the state, Lt Col. Nenad Krnjajic commander of the 14th Garrison Regiment stationed in the Palic area in the Vojvodina region of Serbia, noted in his regimental journal: "Windy and cloudy; sleet. It is peaceful on our sector of the line. Minor Hungarian troop movements in the border area. On the radio the news is bad everywhere... The Germans broke through at Bela Crkva and are pushing forward... Lt Col. Ruzic, commander of 13th Garrison Regiment, informed me that Lt Col. Ivovnur [a Croat - E.S.], his second-in-command, has deserted."1 The next day, on the orders of Miklós Horthy, the Regent of Hungary, units of the Hungarian Third Army and the Mobile Corps crossed the Hungarian-Yugo- slav border. The main military objective, besides re-annexing the Baóka (Bácska) region to Hungary, was to secure the rear of the German troops, advancing in the direction of Belgrade. That was done without any major engagement with the Yu goslav army, and within three days they had recaptured the Danube-Tisza inter fluve, the Bács and the southern Baranja 'Triangle', thereby closing the era of Hun garian territorial gains. The last sentence of Lt Col. Krnjajic's journal entry for 13 April runs: "As the best solution, I have ordered the destruction of all war material and am dispersing the unit."2 In an autobiographically inspired novel by Attila Balázs, a writer from Vojvo dina, István Szilágyi, Hungarian army soldier recalls the reoccupation of Baóka in the following terms: They waited until every single one had closed ranks on the top of the hill, from which a far prospect opened onto the Bácska. -
How to Be Successful in Tourism
How to be successful in tourism Created as the part of transnational cooperation project “Tourism and LEADER knowledge exchange between Croatia and Slovak Republic” between MAS Chopok juh and LAG Baranja Data gathering paper on all relevant areas related to rural tourism development in Baranja region 1 / 160 Introduction This paper was created as the part of transnational cooperation project “Tourism and LEADER knowledge exchange between Croatia and Slovak Republic” between MAS Chopok juh and LAG Baranja. Since the main aim of the project is exchange of knowledge and LAG Baranja operates in region with success in developing rural tourism, its task is to develop this paper which compiles most of the available data from various sources on topic of tourism development. Methodology The main methodology of this data compilation is finding and presenting currently available data, information, practical examples and knowledge gathered which illustrate how Baranja region is successful in attracting new tourists and tourism development. The emphasis of the paper is the identification of the best practice examples, while also taking into account characteristics of the process, features and key factors which support or hinder tourism development activities. The paper should answer the question: “How to be successful in tourism?”. It will feature “big” state level initiated development projects and bottom-up community initiated projects appropriate for LEADER principles. This paper is continuation and progression of previous, more narrowed and focused project documents, which should expand knowledge base and give new ideas to our project partner (Mas Chopok juh) to develop their tourism further. Main methods used in this paper: 1. -
Roma Inclusion Office
The founder and the Publisher of the Periodical: The Roma Inclusion Office EDITORIAL of the Government of AP Vojvodina Dear Readers, Editor in Chief: Duško Jovanović You are reading the October issue of our magazi- ne, with the opening article on the ceremonial start Managing Editor: of the new academic year at the Preschool Teacher Aleksandra Mićić Training College “Mihailo Palov” in Vršac, and we pre- The Team: sent you yet another successful Roma woman entre- Dragana Rajić preneur and the project Mediation for Roma. Tijana Čubrilo Under the “NGO” section, we presented the Jovana Davidović European Roma Information Centre, a new non-gover- nmental organization “Romag” and the organization Correspondents: “The Power of Family”, which organized this year's Ferenc Koso Children's Week in Novi Sad. Roma Coordinators of APV The “Culture” section entails three articles, the Ivana Koprivica first being on public discussion entitled “Media and marginalized groups”, another on “Trifun Dimić Poetry Translation into Roma: Days” and the third one on the book by Trifun Dimić. Igor Dimić As always, the last article focuses on the famous Translation into English: Roma. This time it was about the actor Michael Caine. Jezički centar Life College Finally, we remind you that from now on, with credits to the Research and Education Center and to Technical Preparation and Printing: the Preschool Teacher Training College “Mihailo Palov” MONDO-GRAF, Novi Sad in Vršac, our publication can be also read in its elec- www.mondograf.co.rs tronic form at www.rec.org.rs/bilten/. -
CIGANSKE VATRE " – for the 19Th TIME in SRBOBRAN
Monthly Periodical of The Roma Inclusion Office The Roma Decade in AP Vojvodina No. 53, September 2015 Photo of the month: Presenting the performance of the Russian choir “Glinka” in St. Petersburg Founder and Publisher of the Periodical: The Roma Inclusion Office of the Govern- ment of AP Vojvodina Editor in Chief: Duško Jovanović Managing Editor: Aleksandra Mićić The team: Dragana Rajić Aleksandra Mićić DEAR Tijana Čubrilo Ljiljana Maričić READER, Correspondents: Ferenc Koso Coordinators for Roma issues of the AP Vojvodina Ivana Koprivica Translation into Romani: Nota Bene, Centar za prevođenje i učenje n the August issue you can find two interviews stranih jezika Novi Sad that analyze the results of the Decade of Roma with Vitomir Mihajlović, president of the Nation- Translation into English: I Nota Bene Centar za prevođenje i učenje al Council of Roma and Nenad Ivanišević, presi- stranih jezika, Novi Sad dent of the Council for Roma Integration. We found out about the biggest problems of Technical Preparation and Printing: Lola preduzetništvo, Beograd, Roma in the municipality of Ruma from talking to www.lolapreduzetnistvo.co.rs the Roma Coordinator. Agreements on financing elementary school Circulation: 1000 copies students were signed at the Provincial Secretariat for Economy, Employment and Gender Equality Address: with municipalities, and we also present to you Bulevar Mihajla Pupina 25, 21000 Novi Sad Tel: 021/488-17-23 public works of the Secretariat’s Call, implement- [email protected] ed by an association of Roma in Mokrin, where www.inkluzijaroma.vojvodina.gov.rs nine Roma citizens were hired for the works. CIP - Cataloging in Publication In this issue we bring you the story of the The Matica Srpska Library, Novi Sad Petrović family from Beška, a single father of 323.1 (=214.58)(=497.113) three sons who does everything in his power to The Decade of Roma in AP Vojvodina: provide a better life for his children. -
Semi-Annual Progress Report #8
SEMI-ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT #8 SUSTAINABLE LOCAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECT OCTOBER 1, 2014 – MARCH 31, 2015 Contract No. AID-169-C-00-11-00102 April 15, 2015 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Chemonics International Inc. CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 1 2. PROGRESS DURING Q1 and Q2 of FY2015 ....................................................................... 1 Component 1: Inter-Municipal Cooperation Programming ................................ 1 Component 2: Public Administration Reform ................................................... 18 Component 3: Youth Development and Participatory Mechanism ................. 21 3. SIGNIFICANT CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED AND ACTIONS TAKEN ......................... 21 4. HIGHLIGHTS OF ACTIVITIES PLANNED FOR FY2015 Q3 .............................................. 21 Annexes: ANNEX A ACCRUALS ANNEX B FY15 QUARTER 1 AND QUARTER 2 EVENT AND MONITORING PLANs ANNEX C STATUS OF PERFORMANCE INDICATORS ANNEX D IMC AREA ONE PAGERS ANNEX E COMMUNICATIONS REPORT ANNEX F SUCCESS STORY ANNEX G STTA CONSULTANTS & DELIVERABLES ANNEX H OVERVIEW OF GRANT AWARDS AND SUBCONTRACTS April 15, 2012 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Chemonics International Inc. ACRONYMS AYES Association of Young Entrepreneurs of Serbia B2B Business to business BEE Business