1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 the Makonde People: Demography and Geography
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Statelessness and Citizenship in the East African Community
Statelessness and Citizenship in the East African Community A Study by Bronwen Manby for UNHCR September 2018 Commissioned by UNHCR Regional Service Centre, Nairobi, Kenya [email protected] STATELESSNESS AND CITIZENSHIP IN THE EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY 2 September 2018 STATELESSNESS AND CITIZENSHIP IN THE EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY Table of Contents List of Tables ............................................................................................................................... i List of Boxes ................................................................................................................................ i Methodology and acknowledgements ...................................................................................... ii A note on terminology: “nationality”, “citizenship” and “stateless person” ........................... iii Acronyms .................................................................................................................................. iv Key findings and recommendations ....................................................................... 1 1. Summary ........................................................................................................... 3 Overview of the report .............................................................................................................. 4 Key recommendations .............................................................................................................. 5 Steps already taken .................................................................................................................. -
Abstract African and African
ABSTRACT AFRICAN AND AFRICAN AMERICAN STUDIES HILL, ERNESS A. B.A. SPELMAN COLLEGE, 1998 REFLECTIONS OF THE PAST: THE CASE OF MOZAMBICAN ART. THE MACONDE AND THE SHETANI Advisor: Dr. Mustafah Dhada Thesis dated December, 2000 This thesis examines to what extent the shetani icon in Maconde Art has been elevated to the status of deity; and what powers it has been endowed with to transform the lives of its "worshippers." The investigation was based on the observation that, although not a recognized 'god' in the traditional Maconde form of worship, nor that of Mozambique, the shetani’s appearance in Mozambican art was consistent and abundant. The investigative approach used was a comparative analysis of three internationally known Mozambican artists, two of which are Maconde. The researcher found that with all three artists, the shetani was an obvious element in their artistic renderings and in each instance, their individual lives, though not unique, were charged with suffering and unhappiness. The conclusion drawn from this investigation suggests that, although created by a Maconde for the purpose of patronage, the shetani icon has become a 'deity' not only for the Maconde, but for Mozambicans, as well. While not 'worshipped' in the sense that Westerners worship, it has been endowed with powers that transform the lives of those who identify with it. At the very least, it has been endowed with the power to promote their artistic abilities with a view to catalyzing greater creativity. REFLECTIONS OF THE PAST: THE CASE OF MOZAMBICAN ART, THE MACONDE AND THE SHETANI A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF CLARK ATLANTA UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS BY ERNESS A. -
UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Phonlab Annual Report
UC Berkeley UC Berkeley PhonLab Annual Report Title The Natural History of Verb-stem Reduplication in Bantu Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9ws0p3sx Journal UC Berkeley PhonLab Annual Report, 4(4) ISSN 2768-5047 Author Hyman, Larry M Publication Date 2008 DOI 10.5070/P79ws0p3sx eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UC Berkeley Phonology Lab Annual Report (2008) Submitted to Proceedings of 2nd Graz Conference on Reduplication, January 2008 The Natural History of Verb-Stem Reduplication in Bantu Larry M. Hyman University of California, Berkeley ABSTRACT In this study I present a comparative and historical analysis of “frequentative” Bantu verb-stem reduplication, many of whose variants have been described for a number of Eastern and Southern Bantu languages. While some languages have full-stem compounding, where the stem consists of the verb root plus any and all suffixes, others restrict the reduplicant to two syllables. Two questions are addressed: (i) What was the original nature of reduplication in Proto-Bantu? (ii) What diachronic processes have led to the observed variation? I first consider evidence that the frequentative began as full-stem reduplication, which then became restricted either morphologically (by excluding inflectional and ultimately derivational suffixes) and/or phonologically (by imposing a bisyllabic maximum size constraint). I then turn to the opposite hypothesis and consider evidence and motivations for a conflicting tendency to rebuild full-stem reduplication from the partial reduplicant. I end by attempting to explain why the partial reduplicant is almost always preposed to the fuller base. 1. Introduction As Ashton (1944:316) succinctly puts it, “REDUPLICATION is a characteristic of Bantu languages. -
Development and Progress As Historical Phenomena in Tanzania: “Maendeleo? We Had That in the Past”
Development and Progress as Historical Phenomena in Tanzania: “Maendeleo? We Had That in the Past” Robert M. Ahearne Abstract: Academic discussions of development continue to grow, yet critical engagements with communities affected by development interventions remain limited. Drawing from life history interviews conducted in southern Tanzania, this article details the varied experiences of development interventions among older people and how these affect broader understandings of progress. Many juxtapose their negative views of ujamaa villagization with more positive recollections of previous interventions (especially the Groundnut Scheme), which are infused with what is described here as “development nostalgia.” Perceptions of the past clearly inform the social, political, and economic aspirations forwarded today, with the richness of the constructed narratives adding further nuance to existing depictions of Tanzanian historiography. Much of the academic work on the subject of development tends to focus on the present and the future, despite the fact that experiences from the past are crucial in shaping localized understandings of progress (Crewe & Harrison 1998). Drawing from in-depth fieldwork in southern Tanzania, this article aims to address a point raised twenty years ago by Jonathan Crush: that “we still do not know enough about the global, regional and especially local historical geography of development” (1995:8–9). Conventional histories of Tanzania, and of Tanzanian development, tend to offer teleological versions of the past, reflecting Kelly Askew’s (2006) threefold division of the presocialist, socialist, and postsocialist eras in recent Tanzanian history. Periodizations of history, of course, are “utterly relative constructs, [which] reflect their own sense of the ‘style’ of the historical past” (Toohey 2003:10). -
FOREWORD the Lindi Municipality Is One of the Major Coastal Towns Of
FOREWORD I wish to recognize and commend all stakeholders who in one way or another contributed to the completion of the preparation of this master plan, starting with the Lindi Municipal Council who were The Lindi Municipality is one of the major coastal towns of Tanzania and a transit centre from Dar es the mentors of the idea of preparing it and supervised its process as a planning authority, the Lindi Salaam to Mtwara and Songea regions, and the Republic of Mozambique through the Umoja Bridge in District Council who shared the preparation and agreed to include the Wards of Mchinga and Kiwalala Mtwara Region. The town is well-endowed with rich agricultural and other natural resources hinterland, on the plan, the World Bank who funded it, the Consultants (JAGBENS Planners &JMZ Landfields including, inter alia, cashewnut, coconut and the normal cereal crops. Salt farming and fishing are also Ltd), the Lindi Regional Administrative Secretariat, technical teams, the public and private institutions prominent in, around and outside the town. Livestock keeping, particularly cattle, sheep, goats and and individuals. I remain hopeful that this Master Plan will be used in good course and as a tool to poultry is an upcoming production activity. The region has 28percent of its land covered by Selous guide the sustainable development of Lindi town and the Wards of Mchinga and Kiwalala inLindi Game reserve and many natural forest reserves. When talking of the future prosperity of Lindi, one District. cannot overlook a planned establishment within the municipality; a giant LNG Plant proposed to commence in 2020/2021. -
Basic Demographic and Socio-Economic Profile
The United Republic of Tanzania Basic Demographic and Socio-Economic Profile National Bureau of Statistics Ministry of Finance Dar es Salaam and Office of Chief Government Statistician Ministry of State, President ‟s Office, State House and Good Governance Zanzibar April, 2014 UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA, ADMINISTRATIVE BOUNDARIES Basic Demographic and Socio-Economic Profile Foreword The 2012 Population and Housing Census (PHC) for the United Republic of Tanzania was carried out on the 26th August, 2012. This was the fifth Census after the Union of Tanganyika and Zanzibar in 1964. Other censuses were carried out in 1967, 1978, 1988 and 2002. The 2012 PHC, like previous censuses, will contribute to the improvement of quality of life of Tanzanians through the provision of current and reliable data for policy formulation, development planning and service delivery as well as for monitoring and evaluating national and international development frameworks. The 2012 PHC is unique as the collected information will be used in monitoring and evaluating the Development Vision 2025 for Tanzania Mainland and Zanzibar Development Vision 2020, Five Year Development Plan 2011/12–2015/16, National Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty (NSGRP) commonly known as MKUKUTA and Zanzibar Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty (ZSGRP) commonly known as MKUZA. The Census will also provide information for the evaluation of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in 2015. The Poverty Monitoring Master Plan, which is the monitoring tool for NSGRP and ZSGRP, mapped out core indicators for poverty monitoring against the sequence of surveys, with the 2012 PHC being one of them. Several of these core indicators for poverty monitoring are measured directly from the 2012 PHC. -
Forest Cover and Change for the Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests of Tanzania and Kenya Circa 2000 to Circa 2010
Forest cover and change for the Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests of Tanzania and Kenya circa 2000 to circa 2010 Final report Karyn Tabor, Japhet J. Kashaigili, Boniface Mbilinyi, and Timothy M. Wright Table of Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 2 1.1 Biodiversity Values of the Eastern Arc Mountains and Coastal Forests ....................................... 2 1.2 The threats to the forests ............................................................................................................. 5 1.3 Trends in deforestation ................................................................................................................. 6 1.4 The importance of monitoring ...................................................................................................... 8 Methods ........................................................................................................................................................ 8 2.1 study area ............................................................................................................................................ 8 2.1 Mapping methodology ........................................................................................................................ 8 2.3 Habitat change statistics ..................................................................................................................... 9 2.4 Map validation -
Mtwara-Lindi Water Master Plan
REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA THE REPUBLIC OF FINLAND MTWARA-LINDI WATER MASTER PLAN REVISION Part: WATER SUPPLY VOLUME 2 STUDIES April 1986 A FINNWATER HELSINKI, THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA THE REPUBLIC OF FINLAND MTWARA-LINDI WATER MASTER PLAN REVISION Part: WATER SUPPLY VOLUME 2 STUDIES LIBRARY, INTERNATIONAL REFERENCE CENTRE FOR COMMUNITY WAT £R SUPPLY •.,.0 ^Ah ÏTATION (irtC) ;''.O. •:_!:;;< )3190, 2503 AD The : ivgue I..;!. (Q70) 814311 ext 141/142 H April 1986 A FINNWATER CONSULTING ENGINEERS HELSINKI, FINLAND MTWARA-LINDI WATER MASTER PLAN REVISION WATER SUPPLY DEVELOPMENT PLAN 1986 - 2001 VOLUME 2 STUDIES TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1 INTRODUCTION 1 2 WATER SUPPLY INVESTIGATIONS 4 2.1 General 4 2.2 Village Survey 4 2.3 Piped Water Supply Schemes Inspection 5 2.4 Water Supply Situation 1984 6 2.41 General Water Supply Situation 6 2.42 Piped Water Supply Schemes 10 3 SURFACE WATER RESOURCES REVIEW 14 3.1 General 14 3.2 Meteorology 14 3.3 Precipitation 15 3.4 Hydrometry 15 3.41 General 15 3.42 Network 19 3.43 Flow Records 23 3.5 Surface Water Resources 24 4 GROUNDWATER RESOURCES REVIEW 26 4.1 General Hydrogeological Conditions 26 4.2 Hydrogeological Data 1976 - 1984 27 4.21 General 27 4.22 Shallow Groundwater 27 4.23 Deep Groundwater 31 4.3 Basement Study 32 4.4 Groundwater Potential 34 4.41 General 34 4.42 Masasi District 34 4.43 Mtwara District 36 4.44 Newala District 36 4.45 Kilwa District 37 4.46 Lindi District 37 4.47 Liwale District 38 4.48 Nachingwea District 38 LIST OF FIGURES No. -
Statelessness and Citizenship in the East African Community
Statelessness and Citizenship in the East African Community A Study by Bronwen Manby for UNHCR September 2018 Commissioned by UNHCR Regional Service Centre, Nairobi, Kenya [email protected] STATELESSNESS AND CITIZENSHIP IN THE EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY 2 September 2018 STATELESSNESS AND CITIZENSHIP IN THE EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY Table of Contents List of Tables ............................................................................................................................... i List of Boxes ................................................................................................................................ i Methodology and acknowledgements ...................................................................................... ii A note on terminology: “nationality”, “citizenship” and “stateless person” ........................... iii Acronyms .................................................................................................................................. iv Key findings and recommendations ....................................................................... 1 1. Summary ........................................................................................................... 3 Overview of the report .............................................................................................................. 4 Key recommendations .............................................................................................................. 5 Steps already taken .................................................................................................................. -
Continuities of Change: Conversion and Convertibility in Northern Mozambique
Continuities of Change: Conversion and Convertibility in Northern Mozambique The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Premawardhana, Devaka. 2014. Continuities of Change: Conversion and Convertibility in Northern Mozambique. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:13064926 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Continuities of Change: Conversion and Convertibility in Northern Mozambique A dissertation presented by Devaka Premawardhana to The Ad Hoc Committee in Religion and Anthropology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of Religion and Anthropology Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts September 2014 © 2014 Devaka Premawardhana All rights reserved. Dissertation Advisor: Jacob Olupona Devaka Premawardhana Continuities of Change: Conversion and Convertibility in Northern Mozambique Abstract Recent scholarship on Africa gives the impression of a singular narrative regarding Pentecostalism, that of inexorable rise. Indisputably, Pentecostalism’s “explosion” throughout the global South is one of today’s more remarkable religious phenomena. Yet what can we learn by shifting attention from the places where Pentecostal churches succeed to where they fail? Attending to this question offers an opportunity to reassess a regnant theoretical paradigm within recent studies of Pentecostalism: that of discontinuity. This paradigm holds that Pentecostalism, by insisting that worshippers break with traditional practices and ancestral spirits, introduces a temporal rupture with the past. -
Characteristics of Language Shift in Makonde Language, Kinondo Ward Kwale County, Kenya Noel Mwanyumba1*, Dr
Scholars Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences ISSN 2347-5374(Online) Abbreviated Key Title: Sch. J. Arts Humanit. Soc. Sci. ISSN 2347-9493(Print) ©Scholars Academic and Scientific Publishers (SAS Publishers) A Unit of Scholars Academic and Scientific Society, India Characteristics of Language Shift in Makonde Language, Kinondo Ward Kwale County, Kenya Noel Mwanyumba1*, Dr. Anashia Nancy Ong’onda2 1Department of Languages Mount Kenya University, Kenya 2Department of Languages Mount Kenya University, Kenya Abstract: This paper aims at examining the characteristics of language shift in *Corresponding author Makonde language, Kinondo ward, Kwale County, Kenya. Kwale County is a county Noel Mwanyumba where people differing in language (Digo, Duruma, Kiswahili and English) are in contact with each other. Kinondo ward, where speakers of Makonde language are Article History found offers an interesting setting for the investigation of language maintenance and Received: 02.02.2018 language shift. A total of 100 respondents with Makonde ancestry participated in this Accepted: 10.02.2018 research. One issue explored was the characteristics of language shift in Makonde Published: 31.03.2018 language. Data obtained from 100 subjects showed that Makonde language is DOI: considered to be an inferior Language in Kenya and as a minority language. The 10.21276/sjahss.2018.6.3.24 study also found that there was an imbalance in borrowing and that young Makonde speakers were losing their territorial language. However, there were levels of positive language retention of Makonde language, especially at family domain, market places and ritual ceremonies. This showed that as long as Makonde people live in a concentrated area in Kenya, they will have better chances of maintaining their language. -
Hyman Underlying Bantu Segmental Phonology PLAR
UC Berkeley UC Berkeley PhonLab Annual Report Title Underlying Representations and Bantu Segmental Phonology Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7c47r652 Journal UC Berkeley PhonLab Annual Report, 12(1) ISSN 2768-5047 Author Hyman, Larry M. Publication Date 2016 DOI 10.5070/P7121040729 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UC Berkeley Phonetics and Phonology Lab Annual Report (2016) Underlying Representations and Bantu Segmental Phonology Larry M. Hyman University of California, Berkeley 1. Introduction1 Within recent phonological work, there has been a recurrent move away from underlying representations (URs) as being distinct from what one encounters on the “surface”, sometimes quite dramatic: ... the notion of UR is neither conceptually necessary nor empirically supported, and should be dispensed with. (Burzio 1996: 118) ... we will argue against the postulation of “a single underlying representation per morpheme”, arguing instead for the postulation of a set of interconnected surface-based representations. (Archangeli & Pulleyblank 2015) For decades the assumption in traditional phonology has been that URs had the two functions of (i) capturing generalizations (“what’s in the language”) and (ii) capturing the speaker’s knowledge (“what’s in the head”). Bantu languages have been among those providing evidence of robust morphophonemic alternations of the sort captured by URs in generative phonology. In this paper I take a new look at some Bantu consonant alternations to ask whether URs are doing the effective job we have assumed. As I enumerated in Hyman (2015), various phoneticians and phonologists have expressed skepticism towards URs for one or more of the following reasons: (1) a.