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20091117-111707-6015 METROPOLIS2005 Commission 4 Urban Mobility Management Safeguarding Mobility - Transforming Transportation Commission 4 Urban Mobility Management Safeguarding Mobility - Transforming Transportation Commission’s Report: Presidency Berlin: Ingebord Junge-Reyer Senator, Department for Urban Development Vicepresidency Paris Île-de-France: Jean-Paul Huchon President of the Regional Council of Île-de-France Cities: Abidjan, Barcelona, Belo Horizonte, Berlin, Brazzaville, Brussels, Gwangju, Istanbul, Lisbon, London, Mashhad, Mexico City, Montreal, Moscow, Omsk, Paris, Rio de Janeiro, Santiago de Chile, Sofia,Tehran Berlin Working Group in the Senate Department for Urban Development: Cornelia Poczka Dr. Friedemann Kunst Bernd Milde Peter Kühnel Autors: Dipl. Ing. Hans-Joachim Becker Dipl. Ing. Diana Runge Technical University Berlin, Department for Integrated Transport Planning (España) ipl. Ing. Diana Runge Metropolis Secretariat General Ajuntament de Barcelona Avinyó, 15 08002 Barcelona (Spain) [email protected] www.metropolis.org Edición: marzo 2005 Diseño gráfico: Dario Grossi Impresión:Treballs Gràfics, SA Santander, 74 08020 Barcelona ISBN: 84-7609-447-4 Copyright Deposit: 00000-2005 2 CONTENTS Chairwoman’s Foreword ........................................................................................................................................5 Executive Summary...............................................................................................................................................7 1. Trends and Issues in Urban Transportation........................................................................................................11 1.1. Introduction..............................................................................................................................................11 1.2. General Observations: Urbanisation Trends 2000-2050 ...............................................................................12 1.3. Mobility and Transportation.......................................................................................................................13 1.4. The Metropolis Process .............................................................................................................................16 2. Urban Mobility Management in C4 Member Cities .........................................................................................21 2.1. Mobility and Urban Structure ...................................................................................................................21 2.1.1. The View of the Cities.....................................................................................................................22 2.1.2. Case Studies ....................................................................................................................................24 Bus Rapid Transit in Curitiba and Bogotá ........................................................................................24 Sofia’s New City Strategy.................................................................................................................25 2.2. Mobility and Social Cohesion....................................................................................................................26 2.2.1. The View of the Cities.....................................................................................................................27 2.2.2. Case Studies ....................................................................................................................................30 Sao Paulo’s Metro Line 4 .................................................................................................................30 The French Programme Mobilité urbaine pour tous..............................................................................30 Improvement of Urban Public Transport in Ha Noi..........................................................................31 2.3. Environmental Impacts ..............................................................................................................................32 2.3.1. The View of the Cities.....................................................................................................................33 2.3.2. Case Studies ....................................................................................................................................36 Mexico City’s Inspection and Maintenance Programme ....................................................................36 HEAVEN on Earth? ........................................................................................................................37 2.4. Financing Urban Transport ........................................................................................................................37 2.4.1. The View of the Cities.....................................................................................................................40 2.4.2. Case Studies ....................................................................................................................................42 Congestion Charging in London......................................................................................................42 Barcelona’s ATM..............................................................................................................................43 2.5. Urban Freight Transport Management........................................................................................................45 2.5.1. The View of the Cities.....................................................................................................................46 2.5.2. Case Studies ....................................................................................................................................47 The Lunch Box Carriers of Mumbai................................................................................................47 Miracles in Barcelona ........................................................................................................................48 The Dresden CargoTram .................................................................................................................48 2.6. Mobility Planning and Public Participation ................................................................................................49 2.6.1. The View of the Cities.....................................................................................................................50 2.6.2. Case Studies ....................................................................................................................................52 Berlin is ‘Mobil 2010’ ......................................................................................................................52 The Singapore Land Transport Authority (LTA) ................................................................................52 2.7. Synopsis ....................................................................................................................................................53 3. City Snapshots .................................................................................................................................................55 4. List of Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................................77 5. References.......................................................................................................................................................79 3 List of Figures Figure 1: C4 member cities...........................................................................................................................11 Figure 2: World population growth and urbanisation (billions of people)........................................................13 Figure 3: Motorisation rates and country based per capita incomes ................................................................15 Figure 4: Motorisation worldwide.................................................................................................................16 Figure 5: Summary of C4 cities’ views on selected problem areas...................................................................19 Figure 6: Estimates of the severity of urban transport problems......................................................................19 Figure 7: Spatial structure of selected Metropolis cities..................................................................................................22 Figure 8: Structural options for urban growth / Land development along transport infrastructure ...................23 Figure 9: Number of people killed in road accidents per 10,000 vehicles .......................................................29 Figure 10: Air pollution in selected C4 member cities.....................................................................................33 Figure 11: Share of the transport sector on total emissions in Mexico ..............................................................34 Figure 12: Instruments applied in C4 member cities to combat pollution caused by transportation ...................34 Figure 13: Air quality management cycle ........................................................................................................35 Figure 14: Fuel taxation as proportion of the total tax revenues .......................................................................39
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