DOCSLIB.ORG

This Thesis Has Been Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirements for a Postgraduate Degree (E.G

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
This Thesis Has Been Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirements for a Postgraduate Degree (E.G This thesis has been submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree (e.g. PhD, MPhil, DClinPsychol) at the University of Edinburgh. Please note the following terms and conditions of use: This work is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, which are retained by the thesis author, unless otherwise stated. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. Contesting Citizenship An intersectional feminist approach to abortion in international human rights law, with a focus on El Salvador and Ireland Rebecca Smyth The University of Edinburgh PhD in Law 2021 Declaration I declare that this thesis was composed by myself, that the work contained herein is my own except where explicitly stated otherwise in the text, and that this work has not been submitted for any other degree or professional qualification. Rebecca Smyth, 6 February 2021 i Acknowledgements Writing this thesis took a physical, mental, and emotional toll that I could not have predicted. While a solitary endeavour, writing a PhD thesis is not an individual one. I am eternally grateful to the following people. To my supervisors, Dr Kasey McCall-Smith and Dr Elisenda Casanas Adam. Not only did you provide me with the best possible academic and emotional support possible, you represent the type of person and academic I aspire to be. You are intelligent, insightful, warm, humble, and funny. Academia and the world need more people like you, and I am so fortunate and grateful that you chose to be my supervisors. Thank you. To my parents Ber and Brendan, my brother Tim, and all my extended family (especially my honorary big sister Órla and her family) – thank you for the love and support that you show me in so many ways, big and small. Particular thanks to Mam and Dad for providing a safe haven back home while I recouped and reoriented in the middle of the PhD wilderness of May 2019 to August 2020. To Dottsie – I really, really could not have done this without you. I can’t believe my luck that we’ve found each other. May this PhD and your own current academic travails bring us both the professional fulfilment we deserve as we build our life together. To the many other teachers – in the broadest sense of the word – who have nurtured my curiosity and ability, and have also minded and mentored me, since I was but a wee one in junior infants. Special thanks to Philip Edmondson, Kathleen Kelleher, and Tuulia Nicholls; Múinteoir Gobnait, who is sadly no longer with us; the teachers at Bennettsbridge National School; my teachers in Presentation Secondary School, especially Ms Colbert, Ms Donohue, Ms Dowling, an tUasal Ó Caoimh, Ms Ryan, and Ms Sparling; the tutors, lecturers and course secretaries I met while doing European Studies at Trinity, especially Dr Edward Arnold, Dr David Ditchburn, and Dr Ciara O’Hagan for encouraging me to pursue doctoral studies; Dr Catherine Lawless and her Centre for Gender and Women’s Studies colleagues for contributing to my growth as a feminist and academic; and a multitude of staff and students who I met while at the University of Edinburgh. Staff includes but is not limited to ii Dr Laura Autton-Wise, Dr Andy Aydın-Aitchison, Professor Christine Bell, Dr Andrea Birdsall, Ms Karin Bolton, Professor Liz Campbell, Dr Alan Convery, Professor Sharon Cowan, Dr Claire Duncanson, Mr Alex Dysart, Dr Tanya Ekanayaka, Dr Akwugo Emejulu, Dr Agomoni Ganguli Mitra, Dr Radhika Govinda, Ms Isobel Hart, Dr Dimitrios Kagiaros, Dr Chisomo Kalinga, Dr Meryl Kenny, Dr Chloë Kennedy, Dr Cora Lacatus, Dr Éadaoín Lynch, Professor Nicola McEwen, Dr Kathryn Nash, Ms Kasia Pietrzak, Dr Elena Pollot, Dr Lea Raible, Dr Patrick Theiner, Dr Lena Wånggren and the members of her feminist anti-work club, and Dr Asanga Welikala. Students include my tutorial groups on the 2017/8 and 2018/9 courses Human Rights in International Relations, Understanding Gender in the Contemporary World, British Politics, Comparative Politics, and International Law, as well as students on the Centre for Open Learning evening course in International Human Rights Law. Of these many wonderful, brilliant, and lovely students who make me so excited for the future of academia and the world, special thanks are due to Helena Brecht, Martina Trusnaugh, and Ella Wilson. To my friends. This is definitely where I’m going to end up leaving people out, but know that even if the name isn’t on this page the person is very much in my heart. My friends from/who I met in Ireland: Yvonne Brennan, Leo Chapman, Niall Crampton, Susie Cronin, Cara Cullivan, Orlaith Delargy, Liam Doyle, Rebecca Doyle Dorado, Amie and Hazel and Millie Egan, Aisling Egan, Fionnuala Frain, Louisa Heneghan, Terri Levine, Elaine Marum, Emily McCormack, Dervla Murphy, Alice Norwood, Michelle O’Connor, Conor O’Donovan, Hannah O’Reilly, Stephen O’Reilly, critically-acclaimed playwright Margaret Perry who will always be Map to me, Caitríona Phelan, Anna-Grace Scullion, double-doctor Heather Voss-Hoynes, Mairéad Walsh, my TCD undergrad and postgrad classmates… Friends I have met and made around the world: the EWL Agora 2016 family (especially Becca Bunce, Annika Spahn, and Nadine Aisha Jassat), Nadine Aslam, Julie D’Aleandro Meyers, Nelly Deflisque, Alba Godall Mateo, Jany Monroy Trujillo, Lene Odgaard, Eli Querol, Eleanor Rodgers, Monica Streifer, Jenny Wiberg, Siena Yates… Friends I met and made while in Edinburgh: Charmene Chaudry, Rahnuma Feist-Hassan and the crafternoon crew, Eve Gilchrist, Caitlin Rajala, Zara Todd (extra big thanks for housing iii me for a brief period in August 2019); my LLM 2015/6 classmates, especially Agni Aav, Siobhán Cuming, Lene Kirstine Korseberg, Rozemarijn Roland Host, Vilde Sofie Rodin, and Ailsa Wright as well as the Digital Composition and Performance 2015/6 crew; CES staff, especially Marta Crickmar, Edwin Cruden, John Currie, Euan Macinnes (another thank you for housing me, this time for a brief period in January 2017), Cara Manning, Marta McCullough, Morag Reid, Valerie Reynolds, Ioana Serbanescu, and Ailie Grey. To the friends I made through the PhD programme – Megan Bastick (extra big thanks for dinners and a much-needed weekend stay at her lovely home), Vivek Bhatt, Chiara Cooper, and Lizzi Przychodzki. PGRNS Committee members past, present and future, especially Dr Ashley Dee, Leah McCabe, Anna Vittinghoff, and Beth Wallace. Fellow conference attendees of the past few years, especially those at ATGENDER 2018 and Talking Bodies 2019. To the yoga instructors, dance teachers, and health professionals that helped me get to the end of this arduous road with my physical and mental health more intact than they otherwise would have been. Special thanks to Dr Ronan Fawsitt, Dr Teresa Kenny and all the staff at Castle Gardens surgery; Nicole Gallagher-Van der Smam, Gemma Grant, Jenny Huston, Evelyn O’Brien, Dr Tom Murray, Maria Peer, Nicola Woodworth, and all the staff at Dance Base Edinburgh. One final extra big thank you to my friends who agreed to be proof readers for this thesis: Megan Bastick, Becca Bunce, Monica Streifer, and Lena Wånggren. All errors, clunky phrases, and other features that will make me cringe when I look back on them a later date are entirely my own. Finally and most importantly, to all the women, girls, and gender-diverse people in Ireland, El Salvador and worldwide who have suffered so unnecessarily because of restrictions on and regressive attitudes to sexual and reproductive health and rights. In memory of Savita Halappanavar, Manuela, and Beatriz. You should still be here. iv Abstract In October 2012, the death of Savita Halappanavar reignited the abortion debate in the Republic of Ireland. In March 2013, ‘el caso Beatriz’ drew international attention to the complete criminalisation of abortion in El Salvador. Making sense of the parallels between these two tragedies was the starting point for this thesis: how did the social, political, and legal context resulting in these harms come to be, and how could it be transformed? To explore these questions, this thesis undertakes an intersectional feminist analysis of citizenship and international human rights law (IHRL) in relation to sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHRs), specifically abortion. Focusing on El Salvador and Ireland, and undertaking a critical reading of abortion jurisprudence by the UN, European, and inter- American human rights systems, this thesis argues that feminist campaigns for the decriminalisation of abortion at the national level and the advancement of SRHRs within IHRL at the regional and international levels are best understood as interconnected, and as part of a broader, longstanding, and ongoing struggle for feminists to realise women’s full citizenship and human rights. This struggle takes place through feminist engagement with the language and mechanisms of IHRL at the interconnected national, regional, international, and transnational levels of the human rights system, and as such it represents a multilevel feminist citizenship project: the contestation of women’s exclusion from and oppression by traditional understandings of citizenship that deny them the right to have rights and determine the scope of those rights. Key words: abortion, SRHRs, citizenship, El Salvador, Ireland, feminist approaches to international human rights law Word count: 92,700 words v Lay summary In October 2012, the death of Savita Halappanavar reignited the abortion debate in the Republic of Ireland.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Women's Legal Landmarks
    Women’s Legal Landmarks Celebrating the History of Women and Law in the UK and Ireland Edited by Erika Rackley and Rosemary Auchmuty HART PUBLISHING Bloomsbury Publishing Plc Kemp House , Chawley Park, Cumnor Hill, Oxford , OX2 9PH , UK HART PUBLISHING, the Hart/Stag logo, BLOOMSBURY and the Diana logo are trademarks of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc First published in Great Britain 2019 Reprinted 2019 Copyright © The editors and contributors severally 2019 The editors and contributors have asserted their right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 to be identifi ed as Authors of this work. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. While every care has been taken to ensure the accuracy of this work, no responsibility for loss or damage occasioned to any person acting or refraining from action as a result of any statement in it can be accepted by the authors, editors or publishers. All UK Government legislation and other public sector information used in the work is Crown Copyright © . All House of Lords and House of Commons information used in the work is Parliamentary Copyright © . This information is reused under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 ( http://www. nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3 ) except where otherwise stated. All Eur-lex material used in the work is © European Union, http://eur-lex.europa.eu/ , 1998–2019.
    [Show full text]
  • Human Rights Compliant Framework for Abortion in Ireland
    16 December 2016 Amnesty International Ireland HUMAN RIGHTS COMPLIANT FRAMEWORK FOR ABORTION IN IRELAND Submission to the Citizens’ Assembly DEFINITIONS International human rights treaty: also sometimes called a Covenant or a Convention, is adopted by the international community of States, normally at the United Nations General Assembly. Each treaty sets out a range of human rights, and corresponding obligations which are legally binding on States that have ratified the treaty. Treaty monitoring body: each of the international human rights treaties is monitored by a designated treaty monitoring body. The treaty monitoring bodies are committees composed of independent experts. Their main function is to monitor the States’ compliance with the treaty in question, including through the examination of State reports. General comments/recommendations: a treaty monitoring body’s interpretation of the con- tent of human rights provisions on thematic issues or its methods of work. General com- ments seek to clarify the reporting duties of State parties with respect to certain provisions and suggest approaches to implementing treaty provisions. Concluding observations: following submission of a State report and a constructive di- alogue with the State party to the particular convention, treaty monitoring bodies issue concluding observations to the reporting State, which are compiled in an annual report and sent to the United Nations General Assembly. Human rights standards: the meaning and scope of human rights as interpreted and applied by the human rights bodies tasked with this work, e.g. international, regional and national courts, and human rights committees. Drawn from the World Health Organisation’s Safe abortion: technical and policy guidance for health systems, second edition (2012) Human Rights Compliant Framework for Abortion in Ireland - Submission to the Citizens’ Assembly CONTENTS DEFINITIONS............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Discourse and Power in Ireland's Repeal the 8Th Movement
    Interface: a journal for and about social movements Article Volume 13 (1): 193 – 224 (July 2021) McKimmons and Caffrey, Ireland’s Repeal movement Discourse and power in Ireland’s Repeal the 8th movement Elaine McKimmons and Louise Caffrey Abstract Understanding the success of social movements in terms of their situatedness in the social and historical context is a necessary direction for social movement research. In Ireland, much of the research on reproductive rights activism since the 2018 referendum that legalised abortion has examined distinct aspects of the movement that might be improved going forward. The present study endeavoured to examine the discursive strategies used by the Repeal campaign. Qualitative data, collected from 23 activists from the ‘Repeal the 8th Campaign’ at a critical moment in time - ten months before the referendum - were subjected to critical discourse analysis. Situating the Repeal movement within a theoretical framework, we propose that initial pro-choice activism since 1983 maintained the abeyant movement until the receptive environment re-opened. From 2012 to 2018 pro-choice activists capitalised on the newly receptive environment to remove Article 40.3.3 from the Constitution of Ireland successfully. Findings demonstrate how activists created social change by mainstreaming discursive categories that were not previously culturally dominant, drawing on discourses of feminism, modernity versus traditionalism and approaches of strategic consciousness-raising. Keywords: Feminism, Pro-choice Activism, Repeal the 8th, Intersectionality, Social Movement Lifecycle, Critical Discourse Analysis. Introduction In 1983, the Irish public voted to enact the Eighth Amendment to the Irish Constitution (Article 40.3.3). The Eighth amendment was deemed by Irish law to make abortion illegal in all cases – except where there was a ‘real and substantial risk to the life of the mother’ (Attorney General v.
    [Show full text]
  • Cedaw/C/Op.8/Gbr/1
    CEDAW/C/OP.8/GBR/1 Distr.: General 23 February 2018 Original: English ADVANCE UNEDITED VERSION Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women Report of the inquiry concerning the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland under article 8 of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women I. Introduction 1. On 9 December 2010, the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (Committee) received information from several organisations1 (sources) pursuant to article 8 of the Optional Protocol (OP) to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (Convention). The sources allege that the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK) has committed grave and systematic violations of rights under the Convention due to restrictive access to abortion for women and girls in Northern Ireland (NI). 2. The UK ratified the Convention on 7 April 1986 and acceded to the OP on 17 December 2004. II. Submission by the sources of information 3. The sources submit that in NI, assisting with or procuring an abortion is criminalised, punishable by a maximum sentence of life imprisonment2 and the availability of abortion is highly restricted. They allege failure of the UK, inter alia, to: (a) establish a comprehensive legal framework to protect and guarantee NI women’s right to abortion; (b) ensure that NI women are not exposed to the health risks of unsafe abortion; and, (c) address social, practical and financial obstacles in accessing abortion, which disproportionately affect rural women. The sources allege that the legal framework on abortion discriminates against NI women.
    [Show full text]
  • CEDAW) (13-15 February 2017): Supplementary Submission
    Submission to the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) (13-15 February 2017): Supplementary Submission Reporting Organisation The Abortion Rights Campaign advocates for ‘free, safe and legal’ abortion access in Ireland. We are a national grassroots movement for choice and change. We believe that Ireland’s restrictive abortion laws are an injustice, as they deny women and girls1 access to the full realisation of the right to health and create a system of inequality whereby women and girls with the means can access abortion services abroad, while marginalised women cannot. They are forced to continue their pregnancies or resort to illegal and possibly unsafe means of procuring abortions. We promote broad national support for a referendum to repeal the Eighth Amendment to the Irish Constitution, which introduced the right to life of the unborn into our laws. We believe that access to abortion must align with human rights standards and norms in order to ensure that the health and rights of women and girls in pregnancy are respected, protected and fulfilled. We would draw the Committee’s attention to our previous submission, which was made on 16 October 2015. The current document will serve to inform the Committee about relevant issues that have arisen in the State Party since this date. Since the 2015 submission, there have been a number of developments in Ireland’s situation regarding abortion. These included widespread denigration of Irish restrictions on abortion by other State Parties under its 2016 Universal Periodic Review, landmark rulings by the United Nations Human Rights Committee in relation to the discriminatory and cruel nature of the law, findings by the Irish Family Planning Association (IFPA) on the unworkable nature of the Protection of Life During Pregnancy Act 2013, rulings by the Broadcasting Authority of Ireland effectively silencing certain voices from public discourse on abortion and the establishment of a Citizen’s Assembly to discuss the future of the Eighth Amendment.
    [Show full text]
  • Ireland: Amnesty International's Submission to the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women
    IRELAND SUBMISSION TO THE COMMITTEE ON THE ELIMINATION OF DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN 66TH SESSION, 13 FEBRUARY - 3 MARCH 2017 Amnesty International is a global movement of more than 7 million people who campaign for a world where human rights are enjoyed by all. Our vision is for every person to enjoy all the rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights standards. We are independent of any government, political ideology, economic interest or religion and are funded mainly by our membership and public donations. © Amnesty International 2017 Except where otherwise noted, content in this document is licensed under a Creative Commons (attribution, non-commercial, no derivatives, international 4.0) licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode For more information please visit the permissions page on our website: www.amnesty.org Where material is attributed to a copyright owner other than Amnesty International this material is not subject to the Creative Commons licence. First published in 2017 by Amnesty International Ltd Peter Benenson House, 1 Easton Street London WC1X 0DW, UK Index: EUR 29/5543/2017 Original language: English a mnesty.org CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 4 2. VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN 4 2.2 SEX WORKERS 5 3. ABORTION 6 3.1 RISK TO LIFE 7 3.2 FREEDOM TO TRAVEL 7 3.3 INFORMATION ON ABORTION 8 3.4 CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTION 8 3.5 POSSIBLE LAW REFORM IN IRELAND 9 4. ACCOUNTABILITY FOR PAST INSTITUTIONAL ABUSES 11 IRELAND SUBMISSION TO THE COMMITTEE ON THE ELIMINATION OF DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN Amnesty International 3 1.
    [Show full text]
  • A Health and Rights Approach to Abortion in Ireland Irish Family Planning Association
    Submission to the Citizens’ Assembly A health and rights approach to abortion in Ireland Irish Family Planning Association 16.12.16 Contents IFPA position on the Eighth Amendment .................................................................................... 4 Glossary of terms ............................................................................................................................... 6 About the IFPA .................................................................................................................................. 10 A leading provider of sexual and reproductive health services ...................................... 10 Vision .............................................................................................................................................. 10 Mission ............................................................................................................................................ 10 An advocate for the right to reproductive health ................................................................ 11 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 12 1.1 Why does the IFPA believe the Eighth Amendment should be repealed? ............ 12 1.2 Why the IFPA is not in favour of reform that allows abortion only in exceptional cases ..............................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Anti-Abortion Group Hires Agency That Pushed Brexit
    IRELAND EDITION Printed in Ireland wednesday january 17 2018 | thetimes.ie | no 72434 Introductory offer ¤1 Meet the young My top 10 fashion labels doctors debunking myths about women Anna Murphy on what she wants now Pages 42-43 Pages 40-41 O’Riordan was ‘full of life’ in voicemail hours before she died Jennifer O’Brien spoke enthusiastically about a record- vocals. She sounded full of life, was suffered from chronic back pain in Andy Rourke, formerly the bass player ing session she had planned on Monday joking and excited to see me and my recent years. for the Smiths. Dolores O’Riordan sounded excited with the band Bad Wolves. Her body wife this week. The news of her passing She had been in a relationship with O’Riordan’s body is expected to be and “full of life” the night before her was found by workers at the Hilton on is devastating.” the New-York based musician and repatriated to Ireland in the coming body was found in a hotel room in Park Lane at 9.05am that day. The Metropolitan Police said that producer Olé Koretsky for more than a days, and her funeral will take place in London, a close friend has said. “Dolores left me a voice message just O’Riordan’s death was not suspicious year and had spent New Year’s Eve with Limerick. A book of condolence was The lead singer of the Cranberries after midnight stating how much she and that a report would be given to the him in the city before returning to Lim- opened in her home city, where people was in good spirits in a voicemail she loved Bad Wolves’ version of Zombie,” coroner’s office for further investi- erick to see her family this month.
    [Show full text]
  • Abortion by Telemedicine in Northern Ireland: Patient and Professional Rights Across Borders
    This is a repository copy of Abortion by Telemedicine in Northern Ireland: Patient and Professional Rights across Borders. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/114020/ Version: Published Version Article: Hervey, T.K. orcid.org/0000-0002-8310-9022 and Sheldon, S. (2017) Abortion by Telemedicine in Northern Ireland: Patient and Professional Rights across Borders. Northern Ireland Legal Quarterly, 68 (1). pp. 1-33. ISSN 0029-3105 Reuse Unless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version - refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher’s website. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ NILQ 68(1): 1–33 Abortion by telemedicine in Northern Ireland: patient and professional rights across borders TAMARA HERVEY University of Sheffield and SALLY SHELDON University of Kent * Abstract The uneasy legal and political settlement regarding abortion in Northern Ireland has long relied on the outsourcing of aspects of reproductive health care.
    [Show full text]
  • Programmatic Political Competition in Latin America: Recognizing the Role Played by Political Parties in Determining the Nature of Party-Voter Linkages
    Programmatic Political Competition in Latin America: Recognizing the Role Played by Political Parties in Determining the Nature of Party-Voter Linkages A Dissertation SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Kevin Edward Lucas IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY David J. Samuels October 2015 © Kevin Edward Lucas, 2015 Acknowledgements While researching and writing this dissertation, I benefited greatly from the assistance and support of a seemingly endless list of individuals. Although I extend my most sincere gratitude to every single person who in one way or another contributed to my completion of the pages that follow, I do want to single out a few individuals for their help along the way. It is very unlikely that the unexpected development of programmatic party-voter linkages in El Salvador would have made it onto my radar as a potential dissertation topic had the Peace Corps not sent me to that beautiful yet complicated country in June 2001. During the nearly five years I spent living and working in La Laguna, Chalatenango, I had the good fortune of meeting a number of people who were more than willing to share their insights into Salvadoran politics with the resident gringo . There is no question in my mind that my understanding of Salvadoran politics would be far more incomplete, and this dissertation far less interesting, without the education I received from my conversations with Concepción Ayala and family, Señor Godoy, Don Bryan (RIP), Don Salomón Serrano ( QEPD ), and the staff of La Laguna’s Alcaldía Municipal .
    [Show full text]
  • Fatal Foetal Abnormality, Irish Constitutional Law, and Mellet V Ireland De Londras, Fiona
    University of Birmingham Fatal Foetal Abnormality, Irish Constitutional Law, and Mellet v Ireland De Londras, Fiona DOI: 10.1093/medlaw/fww040 License: None: All rights reserved Document Version Peer reviewed version Citation for published version (Harvard): De Londras, F 2016, 'Fatal Foetal Abnormality, Irish Constitutional Law, and Mellet v Ireland', Medical Law Review, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 591–607. https://doi.org/10.1093/medlaw/fww040 Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal Publisher Rights Statement: This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Medical Law Review following peer review. The version of record: de Londras, Fiona. "Fatal Foetal Abnormality, Irish Constitutional Law, and Mellet v Ireland." Medical law review 24.4 (2016): 591-607. is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1093/medlaw/fww040 General rights Unless a licence is specified above, all rights (including copyright and moral rights) in this document are retained by the authors and/or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law. •Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication. •Users may download and/or print one copy of the publication from the University of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research. •User may use extracts from the document in line with the concept of ‘fair dealing’ under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (?) •Users may not further distribute the material nor use it for the purposes of commercial gain.
    [Show full text]
  • Feminism and the Emerging Nation in El Salvador Emily Anderson Regis University
    Regis University ePublications at Regis University All Regis University Theses Spring 2011 Feminism and the Emerging Nation in El Salvador Emily Anderson Regis University Follow this and additional works at: https://epublications.regis.edu/theses Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons Recommended Citation Anderson, Emily, "Feminism and the Emerging Nation in El Salvador" (2011). All Regis University Theses. 529. https://epublications.regis.edu/theses/529 This Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by ePublications at Regis University. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Regis University Theses by an authorized administrator of ePublications at Regis University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Regis University Regis College Honors Theses Disclaimer Use of the materials available in the Regis University Thesis Collection (“Collection”) is limited and restricted to those users who agree to comply with the following terms of use. Regis University reserves the right to deny access to the Collection to any person who violates these terms of use or who seeks to or does alter, avoid or supersede the functional conditions, restrictions and limitations of the Collection. The site may be used only for lawful purposes. The user is solely responsible for knowing and adhering to any and all applicable laws, rules, and regulations relating or pertaining to use of the Collection. All content in this Collection is owned by and subject to the exclusive control of Regis University and the authors of the materials. It is available only for research purposes and may not be used in violation of copyright laws or for unlawful purposes.
    [Show full text]