LOGO ENTER.HUB PROJECT First Transnational Workshop, Örebro (Sweden) st October 1 , 2013 HST Stations, Urban Planning and Mobility Jean-Jacques Terrin Concept Mapping Jean-Jacques Terrin Architect, Professor Dr. ArchitectureLead Expert, France Enter Hub Lead Expert, France Agenda 1. Introduction : Rail and the City 2. Major Urban Issues Five Thematic Questions 3. Revitalizing Urban Strategies Four Macro themes 4. Conclusive Questions First train entering in Herington, Kansas, USA Rail and the City HST Stations between two Temporal Models: One is still belongs to the past: a Monument to Mobility The other is under construction: an Urban Connector and a Producer of Services Porto, Campanha Station, Old and Modern Building Rail and the City Nord 2000 hab. Are HS Station Districts still Est real? 2900 hab. Centre Indeterminable limits 3800 hab. Uncertain places Different administrative boundaries Ouest 3700 hab. Sud 6000 hab. Lyon Part Dieu District Lyon Part Dieu ROTTERDAM LYON TORINO LILLE Rail and the City Should HST Stations belong to the centre of the city? Lyon Part-Dieu Aix-en-Provence Reggio Emilia, HS Railway Station, architect S. Calatrava Rail and the City Who are the Users and what are the Uses? New Mobility = New Services New Uses are emerging There is a Need to Observe Uses and exchange with Users. Civic participation, Ulm Rail and the City Differences between Tuesday and Friday Between 20 & 30% non travelling visitors on Tuesday as well as on Friday On Friday: 37% more travellers, mostly long distance Twice more people arrive or leave the station by car or taxi Three time more travellers for week ends & leisure Gare de Lyon, Paris Rail and the City Should HST Station Emblematic Urban Milestones ? Architecture increases Urban Attractivity A Gate between Local and Global Torino, HS Railway Station Porta Susa 2. Major Urban Issues Increasing Sustainability Recalling Connecting, Bringing Closer Attracting Producing Value Increasing Sustainability Toward Zero Fly Zones ? The TGV line Paris/Lyons virtually eliminated air travel between both cities. HST from Madrid to Barcelona cut air travel in half in the first year. => Rail is significantly cheaper to construct than highway infrastructure => Low carbon, fast and reliable way to go from a city centre to another => Contributes to the reduction of pollution, greenhouse gases emissions and traffic congestion Increasing Sustainability Annual passengers at Girona railway station Passenger traffic at Girona Airport Supply & Demand Rail / Air, Girona Increasing Sustainability An alternative to cars and plane => “Imagine whisking through towns at speeds over 100 miles an hour, walking only a few steps to public transportation, and ending up just blocks from your destination,” President Obama, April 2009 High speed Rail Initiative Increasing Sustainability Combining Speed and Slowness Reggio Emilia, Walking Areas and HST Station, architect A. Calatrava Increasing Sustainability First question => In your city, is the development of high-speed networks integrated into sustainable planning strategies on both a global and local scale, and how? Recalling A Pier to Imagination Orient Express Grand Central, New York Recalling A Monument to the Industrial City => The Rail Station can be a strong Element for the Development of a City => A Strong Relationship with the Economic World => Footprints of Historical Settelman Preston Railway Station Recalling Preston Railway Station top left, in relation to the City Centre and the University of Central Lancashire. Recalling A Gate to the City Torino Marseille Recalling A Gate to the City Ciudad Real Recalling Second question => In your city, does the railway station, this new monument of modernity, keep the memory of a long history merged with the times of industrialisation, and how? Connecting, Bringing Closer HST Reduces Geographic and Temporal Scales Connecting, Bringing Closer A Centrality for 4 Hubs •International & Interregional •Regional •Metropolitan •Local => Connecting Local and Global Connecting, Bringing Closer A Centrality for 4 Hubs Torino Ivrea Pont Canavese Campore Cuorgne’ Valperga Strambino Salassa Mercenasco NOVARA MILANO RIVAROLO Favria Candia Ceres FM1 Torrazza Castelrosso Mezzenile FM2 Feletto Losa Borgo Revel Pessinetto Lanzo Caluso Traves Balangero Verolengo CASALE Funghera Mathi Bosconero Rodallo Cavagnolo Susa Bussoleno Villanova FM4S.Sebastiano MODANE GERMAGNANO Lauriano Monteu Chiomonte Borgone Nole Cirie’ Montanaro Bruzolo Meana Condove S.Benigno S.Ambrogio S.Maurizio S.Antonino Volpiano CHIVASSO Bardonecchia Caselle Aeroporto ASTI Salbertrand BARDONECCHIA Caselle Brandizzo MODANE Borgaro FMP.Nuova Beaulard FM3 Oulx Venaria 5 Settimo Torinese PORTA SUSARigola STURA Alpignano Grosseto Rebaudengo S .P ao Dora AVIGLIANA Collegno lo P.Susa Rosta Grugliasco Villanova d’Asti Capitol FM3 Allamano CambianoPessione ta S.Paolo Solbrito FM5 ppa Za Lingotto ORBASSAN FM1 Sangone Moncalieri O CHIERI Villafranca Nichelino Mad. della Scala Vinovo ASTI Trofarello ALESSANDRIA Santena None Candiolo GENOVA Torre Pellice BricherasioPiscina Airasca Villastellone Luserna FM2 Bibiana CUNEO BRA Pinerolo Olimpica PINEROLO SAVONA ALBA Barcelona Connecting, Bringing Closer An Everyday Mobility Travel Distances grow Speed too Diverse Centralities More Autonomy Ulm, network structure Region Förbundet Orebro La ville de Lyon Document Grand Lyon Connecting, Bringing Closer HST Stations are Public Spaces Railway stations never had a good reputation. Today, they belong to the good image of the city. Paris, Gare du Nord, Monet Connecting, Bringing Closer An Image of the City The new railway infrastructure is covered with a 50-meter-wide boulevard creating SPINA4 new urban spaces and a new image of the city. SPINA3 The new railway infrastructure and the boulevard connect “urban wastelands” SPINA2 creating new centers of activity. Porta Susa Four transformation areas for a total size Porta Nuova of about 2 million square meters (more SPINA1 than 500 acres). In each area there is a station of the metropolitan railway service. Torino Lingotto Connecting, Bringing Closer Public / Private Public Spaces Strasbourg Kyoto Station Connecting, Bringing Closer Ulm, Information Pavilion on Station square Connecting, Bringing Closer Third question => What kind of hub do your HST station constitutes and at which geographic scale: international, inter-regional, metropolitan and urban? Attracting The HST as an Event The HST Station is an Urban Gate, not only for travellers Rotterdam Centraal HS Railway Station Attracting Attracting New Clients & New Inhabitants Rotterdam Two HST Markets Domestic International • 2/3 of the turnover • 1/3 of the turnover • 30% leisure • 76 % leisure • 20% business • 22% business • 50% commuting • 2% commuting Attracting Architecture, an important role for the identity of the city… image branding creativity architecture Lille, Rem Koolhaas Attracting Reggio Emilia, S. Calatrava, 2013 Attracting Lodtz, Architectural Project of the Railway Station Attracting Forth question => What are the levers of your city’s attractiveness, and what are their connections with the railway station? Producing Value Services to Mobility HST Railway Stations Are no more places only Dedicated to information and travelling Marseille, Saint-Charles Producing Value Services to Mobility HST Railway Stations produce new services: business, commercial, leisure, tourism, … => Mobility brings added value to these services Creil : Railway Station and Multi-functionality: Tourism, Business, Education Producing Value Creil : Railway Station and local attratctivity Producing Value Fifth Question => What kind of (new) uses your railway station generates and as a consequence, what new services, linked or not to mobility? 3. Revitalizing Urban Strategies Producing Multi-Polar Networks => Group 1 : hub as a node-interface Introducing a creative approach to Urban Planning => Group 2 : hub as a gateway Developing public facilities to serve an economic strategy => Group 3 : hub as a urban centrality Designing a HS Railway station as a tool for regional development => Group 4 : hub as a turbine Producing Multipolar Networks Barcelona Introducing a creative approach to Urban Planning Torino, La Spina Regional Economic Development A Booster to Regional Economy HS Railway Station as a Master Piece of a « Grand Projet » Marseille Developing public facilities to serve an economic strategy Free development space Elaborating by plot Important for identity of the place GLOCAL Common concept MIXONE space: • Culture • Services • Traffic • Showcase • Meet and greet Rotterdam Mixone Developing public facilities to serve an economic strategy CITY CENTRE AS CITY LOUNGE STRONG ATTRACTIVE ECONOMY ENVIRONMENT PUBLIC SPACE Rotterdam Rotterdam Designing a HS Rail station as a tool for regional development Comprehensive Integrated Strategy A strong economy and an attractive residential city Rotterdam, Vision 2030 Five questions => In your city, is the development of high-speed networks integrated into sustainable planning strategies on both a global and local scale, and how? => In your city, does the rayway station, this new monument of modernity, keep the memory of a long history merged with the times of industrialisation, and how? => What kind of hub do your HST station constitutes and at which geographic scale: international, inter-regional, metropolitan and urban? => What are the levers of your city’s attractiveness, and what are their connections with the railway station? => What kind of (new) uses your railway station generates and as a consequence, what new services, linked or not to mobility? Thank You!.