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Growing Cleavages in India? Evidence from the Changing Structure of Electorates, 1962-2014
WID.world WORKING PAPER N° 2019/05 Growing Cleavages in India? Evidence from the Changing Structure of Electorates, 1962-2014 Abhijit Banerjee Amory Gethin Thomas Piketty March 2019 Growing Cleavages in India? Evidence from the Changing Structure of Electorates, 1962-2014 Abhijit Banerjee, Amory Gethin, Thomas Piketty* January 16, 2019 Abstract This paper combines surveys, election results and social spending data to document the long-run evolution of political cleavages in India. From a dominant- party system featuring the Indian National Congress as the main actor of the mediation of political conflicts, Indian politics have gradually come to include a number of smaller regionalist parties and, more recently, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). These changes coincide with the rise of religious divisions and the persistence of strong caste-based cleavages, while education, income and occupation play little role (controlling for caste) in determining voters’ choices. We find no evidence that India’s new party system has been associated with changes in social policy. While BJP-led states are generally characterized by a smaller social sector, switching to a party representing upper castes or upper classes has no significant effect on social spending. We interpret this as evidence that voters seem to be less driven by straightforward economic interests than by sectarian interests and cultural priorities. In India, as in many Western democracies, political conflicts have become increasingly focused on identity and religious-ethnic conflicts -
Political Parties in India
A M K RESOURCE WORLD GENERAL KNOWLEDGE www.amkresourceinfo.com Political Parties in India India has very diverse multi party political system. There are three types of political parties in Indiai.e. national parties (7), state recognized party (48) and unrecognized parties (1706). All the political parties which wish to contest local, state or national elections are required to be registered by the Election Commission of India (ECI). A recognized party enjoys privileges like reserved party symbol, free broadcast time on state run television and radio in the favour of party. Election commission asks to these national parties regarding the date of elections and receives inputs for the conduct of free and fair polls National Party: A registered party is recognised as a National Party only if it fulfils any one of the following three conditions: 1. If a party wins 2% of seats in the Lok Sabha (as of 2014, 11 seats) from at least 3 different States. 2. At a General Election to Lok Sabha or Legislative Assembly, the party polls 6% of votes in four States in addition to 4 Lok Sabha seats. 3. A party is recognised as a State Party in four or more States. The Indian political parties are categorized into two main types. National level parties and state level parties. National parties are political parties which, participate in different elections all over India. For example, Indian National Congress, Bhartiya Janata Party, Bahujan Samaj Party, Samajwadi Party, Communist Party of India, Communist Party of India (Marxist) and some other parties. State parties or regional parties are political parties which, participate in different elections but only within one 1 www.amkresourceinfo.com A M K RESOURCE WORLD GENERAL KNOWLEDGE state. -
UPDATED LIST of PARTIES & SYMBOLS As Per Main Notification Dated 13.04.2018 As on 09.03.2019
(UPDATED LIST OF PARTIES & SYMBOLS As per main Notification dated 13.04.2018 As on 09.03.2019) TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE GAZETTE OF INDIA EXTRAORDINARY, PART II, SECTION 3, SUB-SECTION (iii) IMMEDIATELY ELECTION COMMISSION OF INDIA Nirvachan Sadan, Ashoka Road, New Delhi – 110001 No.56/2018/PPS-III Dated : 13th April, 2018. 23 Chaitra, 1940 (Saka). NOTIFICATION WHEREAS, the Election Commission of India has decided to update its Notification No. 56/2016/PPS-III, dated 13th December, 2016, as amended from time to time, specifying the names of recognised National and State Parties, registered-unrecognised parties and the list of free symbols, issued in pursuance of paragraph 17 of the Election Symbols (Reservation and Allotment) Order, 1968; NOW, THEREFORE, in pursuance of paragraph 17 of the Election Symbols (Reservation and Allotment) Order, 1968, and in supersession of its aforesaid notification No. No. 56/2016/PPS-III, dated 13th December, 2016, as amended from time to time, published in the Gazette of India, Extra-Ordinary, Part-II, Section-3, Sub-Section (iii), the Election Commission of India hereby specifies: - (a) In Table I, the National Parties and the Symbols respectively reserved for them and postal address of their Headquarters; (b) In Table II, the State Parties, the State or States in which they are State Parties and the Symbols respectively reserved for them in such State or States and postal address of their Headquarters; (c) In Table III, the registered-unrecognized political parties and postal address of their Headquarters; and (d) In Table IV, the free symbols. IN SO FAR AS elections to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir are concerned, this notification shall be deemed to have been issued in terms of Rules 5 and 10 of the Jammu and Kashmir Conduct of Elections Rules, 1965 and under the Election Symbols (Reservation and Allotment) Order, 1968 as made applicable for elections to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir. -
The Journal of Parliamentary Information ______VOLUME LXVII NO.1 MARCH 2021 ______
The Journal of Parliamentary Information ________________________________________________________ VOLUME LXVII NO.1 MARCH 2021 ________________________________________________________ LOK SABHA SECRETARIAT NEW DELHI ___________________________________ THE JOURNAL OF PARLIAMENTARY INFORMATION VOLUME LXVII NO.1 MARCH 2021 CONTENTS ADDRESSES PAGE Address on 'BRICS Partnership in the Interest of Global Stability, General 1 Safety and Innovative Growth: Parliamentary Dimension' at the Sixth BRICS Parliamentary Forum by the Speaker, Lok Sabha on 27 October 2020 Addresses of High Dignitaries at the 80th All India Presiding Officers' Conference, 4 Kevadia, Gujarat on 25-26 November 2020 Address Delivered by the Speaker, Lok Sabha, Shri Om Birla 5 Address Delivered by the Vice-President, Shri M. Venkaiah Naidu 7 Address Delivered by the President, Shri Ram Nath Kovind 13 Address Delivered by the Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi 18 Function for Laying the Foundation Stone for New Parliament Building in New 25 Delhi on 10 December 2020 Address Delivered by the Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi 25 Message from the President, Shri Ram Nath Kovind 32 Message from the Vice-President, Shri M. Venkaiah Naidu 33 SHORT NOTES A New Parliament for New India 34 PARLIAMENTARY EVENTS AND ACTIVITIES 39 Conferences and Symposia 39 Birth Anniversaries of National Leaders 41 Parliamentary Research & Training Institute for Democracies (PRIDE) 43 Members’ Reference Service 46 PARLIAMENTARY AND CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTS 47 SESSIONAL REVIEW 57 State Legislatures 57 RECENT LITERATURE OF PARLIAMENTARY INTEREST 58 APPENDICES I. Statement showing the work transacted by the committees of Lok Sabha 62 during 1 October to 31 December 2020 II. Statement showing the work transacted by the committees of Rajya Sabha 64 during 1 October to 31 December 2020 III. -
Dehradun Chapter Has Wel- Conservators of Students of Various Disciplines
! - 0#!%& %1!! 23!411*531$6%&7%1!! %+$531$6%&7%1!!6 SIDISrtVUU@IB!&!!"&#S@B9IV69P99I !%! %! ' 1"3)! (#& .,.,/ 0. (1 23,43*5 '4&%!;1$ ,9#)9 ; 9 ) .. ) 9. ; .> 9). . ?#. .9## . . ,. <. = >< ! % ,)2" # 8%9'3+!%277&%34&! 4 5 67 8 R he tense situation on the TLine of Actual Control (LAC) has further aggravated with India thwarting yet anoth- er aggressive move by the Chinese in Eastern Ladakh. The Chinese troops also fired warning shots in the air but the Indian Army main- tained calm. China, however, ive youths who had report- claimed it was the Indians who Fedly been abducted by used firearms after breaching China’s PLA from Arunachal the border. This is the first time Pradesh last week have been in more than 45 years that shots located on the Chinese side. were fired on the LAC. The PLA has confirmed This provocative act by the presence of the missing the Chinese on Monday took youths and modalities are place in the southern region of being worked out between the Pangong Tso (lake) in the two sides for their han- Eastern Ladakh. The PLA sol- dover to the Indian Army. diers tried to dislodge the “China’s PLA has respond- Indian Army troops now posi- ed to the hotline message sent tioned on the strategically- by Indian Army. They have important hill tops in the area. confirmed that the missing When they were warned, the youths from Arunachal Chinese fired a few shots in the Pradesh have been found by air. However, there were no spears, long knives and auto- attempting to close-in with their side. -
JPI March 2016.Pdf
The Journal of Parliamentary Information VOLUME LXII NO. 1 MARCH 2016 LOK SABHA SECRETARIAT NEW DELHI CBS Publishers & Distributors Pvt. Ltd. 24, Ansari Road, Darya Ganj, New Delhi-2 EDITORIAL BOARD Editor : Anoop Mishra Secretary-General Lok Sabha Associate Editors : Dr. D. Bhalla Secretary Lok Sabha Secretariat Abhijit Kumar Joint Secretary Lok Sabha Secretariat Pulin B. Bhutia Director Lok Sabha Secretariat Assistant Editors : Sanjeev Sachdeva Additional Director Lok Sabha Secretariat V. Thomas Ngaihte _ Joint Director Lok Sabha Secretariat © Lok Sabha Secretariat, New Delhi THE JOURNAL OF PARLIAMENTARY INFORMATION VOLUME LXII NO. 1 MARCH 2016 CONTENTS PAGE EDITORIAL NOTE 1 ADDRESS Address at the 133rd Assembly of the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) 3 PARLIAMENTARY EVENTS AND ACTIVITIES Conferences and Symposia 7 Birth Anniversaries of National Leaders 8 Exchange of Parliamentary Delegations 13 Parliament Museum 14 Bureau of Parliamentary Studies and Training 15 PROCEDURAL MATTERS 21 PARLIAMENTARY AND CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTS 24 DOCUMENTS OF CONSTITUTIONAL AND PARLIAMENTARY INTEREST 32 SESSIONAL REVIEW Lok Sabha 117 Rajya Sabha 142 State Legislatures 162 RECENT LITERATURE OF PARLIAMENTARY INTEREST 164 APPENDICES I. Statement showing the work transacted during the Sixth Session of the Sixteenth Lok Sabha 171 II. Statement showing the work transacted during the 237th Session of the Rajya Sabha 176 III. Statement showing the activities of the Legislatures of the States and Union Territories during the period 1 October to 31 December 2015 181 (iv) iv The Journal of Parliamentary Information IV. List of Bills passed by the Houses of Parliament and assented to by the President during the period 1 October to 31 December 2015 187 V. -
Assessing Party Performance and Alliance Dynamics in the 2015 Bihar Election
Assessing Party Performance and Alliance Dynamics in the 2015 Bihar Election Neelanjan Sircar1 & Gilles Verniers2 WWW.CPRINDIA.ORG 1. Neelanjan Sircar ([email protected]) is Senior Fellow at the Centre for Policy Research. 2. Gilles Verniers ([email protected]) is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Ashoka University and Co-Director, Trivedi Centre for Political Data. Assessing Party Performance and Alliance Dynamics in the 2015 Bihar Election Introduction The 2015 Bihar election represented a stunning reversal of fortune for the National Democratic Alliance (NDA), led by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). In the 2014 national election, the NDA won 172 out of 243 assembly constituency (AC) segments. But in the 2015 Bihar election, just 18 months later, the NDA won only 58 ACs. In this piece, we investigate electoral data from the Election Commission of India (ECI) to provide a nuanced picture of the shift in Bihar. We argue that poor party coordination within the NDA, in addition to campaign dynamics, account for the magnitude of the NDA’s defeat. Prior to 2014, the JD(U) and the BJP were in alliance together under the NDA banner, but the JD(U) left the coalition over the choice of Narendra Modi as prime ministerial candidate and decided to contest the 2014 election alone. In 2014, without the JD(U), the NDA won 31 out of 40 parliamentary constituencies, with the JD(U) winning just two seats. In the 18 months between the 2014 and 2015 election, once bitter foes, Nitish Kumar and Lalu Prasad Yadav, and their respective parties, Janata Dal (United) [JD(U)] and Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD), joined forces along with the Congress to form the mahagathbandhan or Grand Alliance to defeat the NDA. -
Magazine for the Month of December 2020
66th MONTHLY ISSUE DECEMBER 2020 EDITION Vanik’s Current Affairs Banking | Railway | Insurance | SSC | UPSC | OPSC | PSU Contents Topics of the Month -------------------------------------------------------- 1 Economy -------------------------------------------------------- 14 RBI in News -------------------------------------------------------- 14 SBI in News --------------------------------------------------------- 15 Other Banks in News ------------------------------------------------ 16 Financial News ------------------------------------------------ 20 MOU and Agreement ------------------------------------------------ 22 Rating and Survey ------------------------------------------------ 24 Fund and Financial Allocation ------------------------------------- 25 Corporate Business and E-Business ------------------------------- 26 Committee and Its Head -------------------------------------------------------- 26 State News -------------------------------------------------------- 28 National -------------------------------------------------------- 39 International -------------------------------------------------------- 47 International and National Summits --------------------------------------- 49 Ranking and Index -------------------------------------------------------- 53 Bilateral -------------------------------------------------------- 54 Award -------------------------------------------------------- 57 Person in News/Newly Appointed -------------------------------------------- 60 Sports -------------------------------------------------------- -
JPI June 2016.Pdf
The Journal of Parliamentary Information VOLUME LXII NO. 2 JUNE 2016 LOK SABHA SECRETARIAT NEW DELHI CBS Publishers & Distributors Pvt. Ltd. 24, Ansari Road, Darya Ganj, New Delhi-2 EDITORIAL BOARD Editor : Anoop Mishra Secretary-General Lok Sabha Associate Editors : Dr. D. Bhalla Secretary Lok Sabha Secretariat K. Vijayakrishnan Additional Secretary Lok Sabha Secretariat Abhijit Kumar Joint Secretary Lok Sabha Secretariat Dr. R. N. Das Director Lok Sabha Secretariat Assistant Editors : Sanjeev Sachdeva Additional Director Lok Sabha Secretariat Babu Lal Naik Additional Director Lok Sabha Secretariat H. Soikholian Simte Joint Director _ Lok Sabha Secretariat © Lok Sabha Secretariat, New Delhi THE JOURNAL OF PARLIAMENTARY INFORMATION VOLUME LXII NO. 2 JUNE 2016 CONTENTS PAGE EDITORIAL NOTE 203 ADDRESSES Address by the President to Parliament 206 Addresses at the National Conference of Women Legislators held in New Delhi 222 Address by the Speaker, Lok Sabha, Smt. Sumitra Mahajan at the 78th Conference of Presiding Officers of Legislative Bodies in India 243 RESOLUTION OF NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF WOMEN LEGISLATORS 251 PARLIAMENTARY EVENTS AND ACTIVITIES Conferences and Symposia 253 Birth Anniversaries of National Leaders 259 Exchange of Parliamentary Delegations 261 Parliament Museum 261 Bureau of Parliamentary Studies and Training 262 PRIVILEGE ISSUES 266 PROCEDURAL MATTERS 268 PARLIAMENTARY AND CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTS 270 DOCUMENTS OF CONSTITUTIONAL AND PARLIAMENTARY INTEREST 275 SESSIONAL REVIEW Lok Sabha 310 Rajya Sabha 333 State Legislatures 354 RECENT LITERATURE OF PARLIAMENTARY INTEREST 361 (iv) iv The Journal of Parliamentary Information APPENDICES I. Statement showing the work transacted during the Seventh Session of the Sixteenth Lok Sabha 366 II. Statement showing the work transacted during the 238th Session of the Rajya Sabha 371 III. -
Vital Stats Profile of the 17Th Bihar Legislative Assembly
Vital Stats Profile of the 17th Bihar Legislative Assembly The results of the elections to the 17th Bihar Legislative Assembly were declared today. There are 243 assembly seats in the state. In this context, we analyse data on the profile of the incoming Members of Legislative Assembly (MLAs) and compare it with the previous Assembly. NDA has the majority with 125 seats; RJD is again the single largest party with 75 seats Political Party 2020 2015 Political Party 2020 2015 Rashtriya Janata Dal 75 80 Vikassheel Insaan Party 4 0 Bharatiya Janata Party 74 53 Communist Party of India 2 0 Janata Dal (United) 43 71 Communist Party of India (Marxist) 2 0 Indian National Congress 19 27 Independent 1 4 Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) 12 3 Lok Jan Shakti Party 1 2 (Liberation) All India Majlis-E-Ittehadul Muslimeen 5 0 Bahujan Samaj Party 1 0 Hindustani Awam Morcha (Secular) 4 1 Rashtriya Lok Samata Party 0 2 Number of young MLAs reduces; women’s representation remains similar Gender Profile Age Profile 60% 53% 48% 250 215 217 200 40% 33% 27% 150 20% 16%14% 100 4% 5% 50 28 26 0% 0 25-40 41-55 56-70 Above 70 2015 2020 2015 2020 Male Female 62% of the MLAs have at least a bachelors degree 60% Education Profile 38% 38% 40% 40% 40% 20% 15% 13% 7% 9% 0% Upto Higher Secondary Graduate Post Graduate Doctorate 2015 2020 Sources: Election Commission of India (results.eci.gov.in); Bihar Assembly Website (vidhansabha.bih.nic.in/Knowyourmla.html); Candidate Affidavits uploaded on ECI; PRS. -
Delhi the Mandatory Court of ! on Wednesday
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Abbreviations Full Form AAP Aam Aadmi Party ABHM
Abbreviations Full form AAP Aam Aadmi Party ABHM/ ABHMS/HMS Akhil Bharat Hindu Mahasabha AJBP Ajeya Bharat Party AD Apna Dal ADMK All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam AGIMK Agila India Makkal Kazhagam AGP Asom Gana Parishad AIFB/FBL All India Forward Bloc AIMIM/MIM All India Majlis-e-Ittehad-ul Muslimeen AINRC All India N.R. Congress AITC/TRMC All India Trinamool Congress AIUDF All India United Democratic Front AJSU All Jharkhand Students Union AMB Amra Bangalee AMMK Anaithu Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam ANC Ambedkar National Congress AOP Aama Odisha Party APOI/API Ambedkarite Party of India ARP Ambedkarist Republican Party ARPS Andhra Rastra Praja Samithi AWVP Awami Vikas Party BBM Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh BCUF B. C. United Front BDJS Bharath Dharma Jana Sena BHSMP Bharatiya Sant Mat Party BJD Biju Janata Dal BJJD Bhartiya Jantantrik Janata Dal BJP Bharatiya Janata Party BJS Bharatiya Jan Sangh BMP /BMUP Bahujan Mukti Party BMSM Bharatiya Minorities Suraksha Mahasangh BNS Bhartiya Navjawan Sena (Paksha) BPF Bodoland Peoples Front BSCP Bhartiya Shakti Chetna Party BSP Bahujan Samaj Party BSP(A) Bahujan Samaj Party (Ambedkar) BVA Bahujan Vikas Aaghadi BVM Bharat Vikas Morcha CMP/CMP (J) Communist Marxist party Cong(S) Congress (Secular) CPI Communist Party of India CPI(ML) Red Star Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Red Star CPIML (L) Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation CPM Communist Party of India (Marxist) DABP Dalita Bahujana Party DJP Delhi Janta Party DMDK Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam DMK Dravida Munnetra