DOCSLIB.ORG

The Endangered Butterfly Charonias Theano (Boisduval)(Lepidoptera

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Endangered Butterfly Charonias Theano (Boisduval)(Lepidoptera Neotropical Entomology ISSN: 1519-566X journal homepage: www.scielo.br/ne ECOLOGY, BEHAVIOR AND BIONOMICS The Endangered Butterfly Charonias theano (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae): Current Status, Threats and its Rediscovery in the State of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil AVL Freitas1, LA Kaminski1, CA Iserhard1, EP Barbosa1, OJ Marini Filho2 1 Depto de Biologia Animal & Museu de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Univ Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil 2Centro de Pesquisa e Conservação do Cerrado e Caatinga – CECAT, Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, Brasília, DF, Brasil Keywords Abstract Aporiina, Atlantic Forest, endangered species, Pierini, Serra do Japi The pierid Charonias theano Correspondence (Boisduval), an endangered butterfly André V L Freitas, Depto de Biologia Animal & species, has been rarely observed in nature, and has not been recorded Museu de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Univ in the state of CSão. theano Paulo in the last 50 years despite numerous efforts Estadual de Campinas, CP6109, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brasil; [email protected] to locate extant colonies. Based on museum specimens and personal information, was known from 26 sites in southeastern Edited by Kleber Del Claro – UFU and southern Brazil. Recently, an apparently viable population was recorded in a new locality, at Serra do Japi, Jundiaí, São Paulo, with Received 26 May 2011 and accepted 03 severalsince this individuals site represents observed one of during the few two large weeks forested in April, protected 2011. areas The August 2011 existence of this population at Serra do Japi is an important finding, São Paulo, but within its entire historical distribution. where the species could potentially persist not only in the state of Introduction In the last Brazilian red list of endangered fauna (Machado intensively sampled from 1987 to 1991, resulting in a list et al of 652 species (Brown 1992). However, even considering Tithoreathe high harmoniaspecies richness, caissara only three endangered 2008), 55 species of butterflies were categorizedet al as Xenandrabutterflies heliodeshave been dibapha recorded (Stichel) in the area (Riodinidae) so far, namely and threatened, with most of them (51 species) inhabiting the Olafia roscius iphimedia Zikán (Nymphalidae), Atlantic Forest biome (see also Lewinsohn 2005). The pierid Charonias theano (Boisduval) (Fig Three possible reasons for this pattern are: 1) the high (Plötz) (Hesperiidae). endemism of this region, 2) the high degree of conversion of most natural habitats in Atlantic Forest (Brown & 1b-c) is an endangered butterfly species knownC. theano from is Brown 1992, Dean 1996), and 3) the considerable southeastern and southern Brazil (Casagrande & Mielke amount of accumulated knowledge of butterflies in this 2008). Although widespread in the past, biome (Brown & Freitas 2000a,b). In fact, the majority of apparently losing habitats due to anthropic disturbance the published butterfly inventories in Brazil come from (Casagrande & Mielke 2008), and very few individuals the Atlantic Forestet al region, includinget some al of the most have been observed in recent years. complete species lists for the country (Brown & Freitas severalFrom forested 1988 to 2007,areas the in firstthe Atlanticauthor together Forest. withThese K. 2000a,b, Santos 2008, Francini 2011). S. Brown Jr. and other researchers intensively surveyed stateOne of Sãoof these Paulo well in southeastern surveyed Atlantic Brazil. Forest The area sites was is et al “Serra do Japi”, a large remnant of montane forest in the surveys resulted in the location of several endangered Neotrop Entomol 40(6): 669-676 © 2011 Sociedade Entomológica do Brasilbutterfly colonies (see Francini 2005, Freitas669 & Natural History and Conservation of Charonias theano Freitas et al a b 1 cm c Charonias theano SãoFig 1 Paulo, Habitat Brazil. and adults a) General of view in Serra do Japi, Jundiai, of the habitat where theEupatorium first male gaudichaudianumwas observed on April 2011; b) Adult male feeding on showing the wing (Asteraceae);pattern (dorsal c) 1 cm left,Museum ventral specimen right). of an adult male et al C. theano were in the recognition and description of several new species (FranciniBrown 2005, et al Freitas 2009, Freitas 2010), and etalso al collectionsData from are: BMNHmuseum - specimens of obtained from nineCEIOC collections. - The acronyms for the 2004, Freitas 2004, 2007, Freitas British Museum (Natural History), 2010, 2011). From 1999 to 2007, during the research BrazilLondon,; CGCM England; - Coleção Entomológica do project “Borboletas do Estado de São Paulo” (Biota- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz,DZUP Rio -de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Fapesp Research Program) many different habitats were Carlos Guilherme Costa Mielke Collection, intensively sampled in this state, aiming to produce FLMNHCuritiba, - Paraná, Brazil; Departamento de Zoologia, Clists. theano of species in poorly known areas and to search for Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; endangered and long unseen butterfly species, including McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, . Despite all these efforts, the species remained Florida Museum of Natural History,MNHN University - of Florida, unrecordedThis paper until reports the presentthese new observation observations in ofApril C. theano 2011 Gainesville, FL, USA (contains theMNRJ former - Museu Allyn NacionalMuseum in the Serra do Japi. of Entomology collection); Muséum National d´Histoire Naturelle,MZSP Paris, - Museu France; de Zoologia, Universidade aboutin the theSerra current do Japi status and of includes this species a description in Brazil. of the da Universidade Federal do Rio deUSNM Janeiro, - Rio de Janeiro, Rio natural history and behavior of adults, and a discussion de Janeiro, Brazil; de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; National Museum Material and Methods of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, ObservationsUSA. Additional of Cdata. theano of sightings of the species in the Study site field were provided by Carlos GC Mielke. at Serra do Japi were made from April 10-27, 2011, in four places near the Research Station (centered on 23°13’S 46°55’W). Behavioral© digital The “Reserva Municipal Biológica da Serra do Japi” is observations were made withC the. theano aid of was binoculars, present were and an area of semi-deciduous mesophytic forest in the photographs were taken with a Canon EOS 20D municipalities of Jundiaí and Cabreúva, in the state of São camera. All three areas where forestsPaulo in in Southeastern diverse stages Brazil. of succession, The area inincludes altitudes nearly that visited from 09:00h to 16:00h by AVLF, LAK, EPB and OJM-F 28,000 ha of a mosaic of primary and, mainly, secondary to record notes on behavior and natural history of adults. Results varies from 700 m to 1,300 m a.s.l. A complete and detailed description of the area can be found in Morellato (1992). Natural history and adult behavior of Charonias The entire area of Serra do Japi was intensively theano at Serra do Japi sampled in the last 25 years (see Brown & Freitas 1999, 2000b for general sampling methods), including surveys C. in March and April when butterfly richness in the area peaks (Brown 1992). From 10 to 27 April 2011, approximately 11 adults of 670 Neotrop Entomol 40(6): 669-676 © 2011 Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil Freitas et al Natural History and Conservation of Charonias theano theano (10 males and one female) were observed in four of study, and no females were observed attempting to places near the Research Station at Serra do Japi. The lay eggs. first sighting was on April 10, when a single male was Discussion observed flyingBidens high segetum (about four to five meters high at approximately 10:00h, apparently patrolling an area with Natural history flowers of (Asteraceae) (exact locality observed.in Fig 1a). This same area was intensively searched in The record of C. theano the following six days with no additional individuals in Serra do Japi is quite surprising, EupatoriumOn April gaudichaudianum15, five additional individuals (four males given that this area has previously been intensively and one female) were observed feeding on flowers of surveyed for butterflies. In particular, the region near sighting. All individuals were observed(Asteraceae) on a single (Fig. 1b)plant, at the Research Station has been visited in the last six years the edge of an unpaved road about E1. kmgaudichaudianum NE of the first every April for butterfly surveys.et al unpublished These recent data), visitsbut C. theanoresulted in 31 new records of species to the previous list despite the fact that other flowering interestingof Serra do Japi to note (AVL that Freitas C. theano bushes were present nearby. Adults fed on the flowers was never observed in the region until 2011. It is until 15:30h, when they dispersed after the plant was was relatively common shaded. The same area was visited on April 16 at 09:15h, and conspicuous in the area from April 10-16, 2011, and and three males were observed flying and patrolling the was easily observed on flowers or patrolling territories area near the flowers in a typical territorial behavior. every day during this period. Given that of SerraC. theano do Japi in On the same day, five additional males were observed is isolated from the network of large forested areas of the patrolling two adjacent areas close to the Research Station region, it is less likely that the presence of high in the canopy. These observations
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Inside: Idaea Asceta (Prout) (Geometridae), New to the U.S
    ________________________________________________________________________________________ Volume 53, Number 3 Fall 2011 www.lepsoc.org ________________________________________________________________________________________ Inside: Idaea asceta (Prout) (Geometridae), new to the U.S. Lepidoptera conserva- tion under a changing climate Karl Jordan Award win- ner: Don Lafontaine Life history of Leona’s Little Blue Tiputini Biological Sta- tion, Ecuador Late Season trip to the Richardson Mountains Membership Updates, The Mailbag, Marketplace... ... and more! ________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ Contents ________________________________________________________www.lepsoc.org A Late Season Trip to the Richardson Mountains ____________________________________ Michael Leski. ............................................................................................ 75 Volume 53, Number 3 Report on the Southern Lepidoptersists’ Society and Association Fall 2011 for Tropical Lepidoptera Meeting 2011 The Lepidopterists’ Society is a non-profit ed- Jacqueline Y. Miller. ............................................................................. 78 ucational and scientific organization. The ob- Idaea asceta (Prout) (Geometridae: Sterrhinae) from Texas, new ject of the Society, which was formed in May to the North American fauna 1947 and formally constituted in December Charles V. Covell. ...................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Lepidoptera, Pieridae)
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340313460 A new species of Mathania Oberthür, 1890 from Peru (Lepidoptera, Pieridae) Article in Zootaxa · March 2020 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4758.3.11 CITATION READS 1 65 3 authors: Jackie Farfan Gerardo Lamas National University of St Agustin 170 PUBLICATIONS 3,662 CITATIONS 11 PUBLICATIONS 13 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Jose Cerdeña National University of St Agustin 24 PUBLICATIONS 22 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Modelos tecnológicos de crianza de 10 especies de mariposas diurnas para su aprovechamiento en bionegocios en la Región Loreto. View project Moth (and insect) diversity patterns along an elevational gradient in the Cosñipata valley, SE Peru View project All content following this page was uploaded by Jackie Farfan on 01 April 2020. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Zootaxa 4758 (3): 589–595 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2020 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4758.3.11 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D09C54A5-626A-42FB-A5A6-B21642CC7BF3 A new species of Mathania Oberthür, 1890 from Peru (Lepidoptera, Pieridae) JACKIE FARFÁN1*, GERARDO LAMAS 2& JOSÉ CERDEÑA 1,3 1 Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Av. Alcides Carrión s/n, Arequipa, Peru. 2 Departamento de Entomología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Apartado 14-0434, Lima- 14, Peru.
    [Show full text]
  • Lepidoptera Argentina - Parte Vii: Papilionidae
    LEPIDOPTERA ARGENTINA Catálogo ilustrado y comentado de las mariposas de Argentina Parte VII: PAPILIONIDAE Fernando César Penco Osvaldo Di Iorio 2014 PLAN GENERAL DE LA OBRA Parte I CASTNIIDAE Parte II COSSIDAE & LIMACODIDAE Parte III TORTRICIDAE Parte IV SEMATURIDAE & URANIIDAE Parte V GEOMETRIDAE Parte VI HESPERIIDAE Parte VII PAPILIONIDAE Parte VIII PIERIDAE Parte IX LYCAENIDAE Parte X RIODINIDAE Parte XI NYMPHALIDAE & LIBYTHEIDAE Parte XII MEGALOPYGIDAE Parte XIII APATELODIDAE, MIMALLONIDAE & LASIOCAMPIDAE Parte XIV SATURNIIDAE Parte XV SPHINGIDAE Parte XVI EREBIDAE: ARCTIINAE & EREBINAE Parte XVII NOTODONTIDAE Parte XVIII NOCTUIDAE Parte XIX TAXONOMIA DE LEPIDOPTERA Parte XX BIBLIOGRAFIA LEPIDOPTERA ARGENTINA Catálogo ilustrado y comentado de las mariposas de Argentina Parte VII: PAPILIONIDAE Fernando César Penco Osvaldo R. Di Iorio 2014 Copyright © 2014 Fernando César Penco Ninguna parte de esta publicación, incluido el diseño de la portada y de las páginas interiores puede ser reproducida, almacenadas o transmitida de ninguna forma ni por ningún medio, sea éste electrónico, mecánico, grabación, fotocopia o cualquier otro sin la previa autorización escrita del autor. LEPIDOPTERA ARGENTINA - PARTE VII: PAPILIONIDAE Autores: Fernando César Penco Area de Biodiversidad, Fundación de Historia Natural Félix de Azara, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales y Antropológicas CEBBAD, Universidad Maimónides, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail: [email protected] Osvaldo R. Di Iorio Entomología, Departamento de Biodiversidad
    [Show full text]
  • A New Memphis from the Pantepui, Venezuela (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Charaxinae)
    Vol. 6 No. 1 1995 PYRCZ: New Venezuelan Memphis 11 TROPICAL LEPIDOPTERA, 6(1): 11-13 A NEW MEMPHIS FROM THE PANTEPUI, VENEZUELA (LEPIDOPTERA: NYMPHALIDAE: CHARAXINAE) TOMASZ W. PYRCZ Zoological Museum, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 6, PL-30060 Krakow, Poland ABSTRACT.- Memphis montesino, n. sp., is described from the Pantepui highlands of southeastern Venezuela. Its systematic status in relation to allied taxa is discussed. KEY WORDS: Amazon, Anaea, behavior, Bolivia, Canaima, Costa Rica, Catasticta, Darien, Dismorphia, Ecuador, endemism, forest refuges, Heliconiinae, Ithomiinae, Memphis montesino n. sp., Panama, Pereute, Peru, premontane forest, Pronophilini, speciation, taxonomy. This is the first species of the genus Memphis Hiibner reported oblique darker line broken at vein Ml; a whitish spot is noticeable on as endemic to the Pantepui region (southeastern Venezuela). the costal margin in the medial area. Brown (1979) recognized the Pantepui as an important centre of Male genitalia: Tegumen stout, without any particular features as endemism based on a wide scale zoogeographical study of the compared with related species; uncus slightly thinner and smoother on the inner surface than the folded uncus of M. phoebe', shape of gnathos aposematic Ithomiinae and Heliconiinae. Endemism prevalence in very much alike that of the other species of the M. phoebe group; valvae this region is considerable among the few genera of diurnal about two-tenths longer than the tegumen-uncus lenght; their shape as Lepidoptera proper to the cloud forest occurring on the slopes of well as the position of the prominent, lifted process on the harpe, and the the tepui, as exemplified by Catasticta (Brown, 1932) or recent shape of the delicately sclerotized ampulla are more like those structures discoveries of endemic Pronophilini (Viloria and Pyrcz, 1994).
    [Show full text]
  • The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of the Fall Webworm, Hyphantria
    Int. J. Biol. Sci. 2010, 6 172 International Journal of Biological Sciences 2010; 6(2):172-186 © Ivyspring International Publisher. All rights reserved Research Paper The complete mitochondrial genome of the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) Fang Liao1,2, Lin Wang3, Song Wu4, Yu-Ping Li4, Lei Zhao1, Guo-Ming Huang2, Chun-Jing Niu2, Yan-Qun Liu4, , Ming-Gang Li1, 1. College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China 2. Tianjin Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Tianjin 300457, China 3. Beijing Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Beijing 101113, China 4. College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, Shenyang 110866, China Corresponding author: Y. Q. Liu, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning, Shenyang 110866, China; Tel: 86-24-88487163; E-mail: [email protected]. Or to: M. G. Li, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Tel: 86-22-23508237; E-mail: [email protected]. Received: 2010.02.03; Accepted: 2010.03.26; Published: 2010.03.29 Abstract The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) was determined. The genome is a circular molecule 15 481 bp long. It presents a typical gene organization and order for completely sequenced lepidopteran mitogenomes, but differs from the insect ancestral type for the placement of tRNAMet. The nucleotide composition of the genome is also highly A + T biased, accounting for 80.38%, with a slightly positive AT skewness (0.010), indicating the occurrence of more As than Ts, as found in the Noctuoidea species. All protein-coding genes (PCGs) are initiated by ATN codons, except for COI, which is tentatively designated by the CGA codon as observed in other le- pidopterans.
    [Show full text]
  • Español (España
    SAGASTEGUIANA 4(2): 1 – 24. 2016 ISSN 2309-5644 ARTÍCULO ORIGINAL LA COLECCIÓN DEL MUSEO CELESTINO KALINOWSKI DEL PARQUE DE LAS LEYENDAS, 2005 (LIMA – PERÚ) THE COLLECTION OF THE CELESTINO KALINOWSKI MUSEUM OF THE LEGENDS PARK, 2005 (LIMA - PERU) José N. Gutiérrez Ramos * *Allpa Wasi Conservación Sac. RESUMEN Se presenta el Catálogo de la Colección expuesta, como de otros al interno del Museo de Celestino Kalinowski del Parque de Las Leyendas, ubicado en la ciudad de Lima. La mayor parte de la colección, de ámbito nacional, proviene de la cantera y de la actividad taxidermica de C. Kalinowski. En el museo se exponen una relación de ejemplares de invertebrados y vertebrados, estos últimos en disposición museográfica ordenada y enmarcada en diseño de dioramas en el contexto de representación de los ecosistemas del país. Se proporciona información taxonómica e índice alfabetico del material biológico, acervo del museo en su conjunto. Palabras clave: museo, ciencias naturales, catálogo, colecciones, vertebrados ABSTRACT The Catalog of the Exposed Collection is presented, as well as of others inside the Celestino Kalinowski Museum of the Parque de Las Leyendas, located in the city of Lima. Most of the collection, of national scope, comes from the quarry and the taxidermic activity of C. Kalinowski. The museum exhibits a list of invertebrate and vertebrate specimens, the latter in an ordered museographic arrangement framed in the design of dioramas in the context of representation of the country's ecosystems. Taxonomic information and the alphabetical index of the biological material, the collection of the museum as a whole, are provided. Keywords: museum, natural sciences, catalog, collections, vertebrates, invertebrates Recibido: 30 Julio 2017.
    [Show full text]
  • Andressa Caporale De Castro Mecanismos De Indução E
    ANDRESSA CAPORALE DE CASTRO MECANISMOS DE INDUÇÃO E QUEBRA DE DIAPAUSA EM Euryades corethrus (LEPIDOPTERA: PAPILIONIDAE, TROIDINI). Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biociências da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de mestre em Biologia Animal. Área de concentração: Biodiversidade Orientador: Nicolás Oliveira Mega UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL Porto Alegre, fevereiro de 2016 MECANISMOS DE INDUÇÃO E QUEBRA DE DIAPAUSA EM Euryades corethrus (LEPIDOPTERA: PAPILIONIDAE, TROIDINI). ANDRESSA CAPORALE DE CASTRO Aprovada em _____ de _____________ de 2016 ____________________________________________ Dr. Lucas Augusto Kaminski ____________________________________________ Dr. Aldo Mellender de Araujo ____________________________________________ Dr. André Victor Lucci Freitas Dedico esse trabalho a todos que, assim como eu, amam borboletas, e que acham que a melhor parte do conhecimento é poder compartilhá-lo. Agradecimentos Esses últimos dois anos não foram fáceis, muitos obstáculos apareceram. A minha sorte é que tive muitas pessoas queridas ao meu lado, me ajudando em diversas áreas da vida. Agradeço a todos que de alguma forma me ajudaram. A Helena, por abrir espaço no laboratório para que pudesse realizar meus experimentos e, além disso, por me iniciar nesse mundo tão fantástico das borboletas. Ao meu orientador, Nicolás, pela assembleia permanente, por me fazer sair da minha zona de conforto e por sempre estar pronto para ajudar. Agradeço a Profa. Paula Araújo pelo empréstimo da BOD para realizar meus experimentos. Ao pessoal do Laboratório de Ecologia de Insetos que faziam com que meus dias fossem mais divertidos e cheios de amizade (Gui, Scalco, Pedrotti, Ju, Lidi, Dinego, Carlota, Rafa, Roni, Fabi).
    [Show full text]
  • Hybridization in the Species of Enantia Jethys Complex (Lepidoptera, Pieridae)
    Poster ID: 305 Hybridization in the species of Enantia jethys complex (Lepidoptera, Pieridae) Jovana M Jasso-Martínez, Salima C Machkour-M´Rabet, Roger Vila, Rosario Rodríguez-Arnaiz, América N Castaneda-Sortibrán Abstract With at least 10% of the worldwide species involved, hybridization is common in animal species. Hybridization events have been largely demonstrated in butterfly natural populations. Studies have shown that interspecific gene flow remains important even after speciation, and therefore hybridization and introgression are an important factor for the evolution of species as a source of genetic variability. Enantia is a butterfly genus of the family Pieridae, and currently contains nine Neotropical species. The Enantia jethys complex is a Mesoamerican group composed by three species (E. jethys, E. mazai, E. albania), all of which are sympatric in Mexico. Results: We carried out separate and concatenated phylogenetic analyses among Mexican specimens of the above taxa using DNA sequences of three gene markers (COI, RpS5, Wg) and ISSRs. The separate analyses recovered distinct topologies and all markers had high levels of interspecific gene flow. We found evidence of directional hybridization. Hybridization always involves E. albania with the other two species, but it never occurs between E. jethys and E. mazai. We also observed that the hybrids can affect the levels of genetic diversity in these species. This study remarks the importance of assessing the presence of hybridization in evolutionary studies of closely related species. Introduction Natural hybridization can be defined as the production of viable hybrids from interspecific mating, and introgression as the integration of foreign genetic material from one species into another through backcrossing (Baack and Rieseberg 2007).
    [Show full text]
  • LEPIDOPTERA: PIERIDAE: DISMORPHIINAE) in COSTA RICA* by ALLEN VI
    NOTES ON THE LIFE CYCLE AND NATURAL HISTORY OF DISMORPHIA YIRGO (LEPIDOPTERA: PIERIDAE: DISMORPHIINAE) IN COSTA RICA* By ALLEN VI. Yovo Department of Biology, Lawrence University Appleton, Wisconsin 549I This paper summarizes the lie cycle and some aspects o natural history o the tropical pierid, Dismorphia virgo (Dismorphiinae) in Costa Rica. The precise taxonomic status o the butterfly in Central America has not been established, and it may represent a variable northern isolate o the common South American D. critomedia. Theretore, independent ot whether the Central American torm dis- cussed in this paper has achieved ull species status as the more north- ern virgo or is a subspecies or variety o critomedia, evolving to- wards species status, this paper provides new information on the biol- ogy ot the butterfly in Costa Rica. The establishment ot precise taxonomic position awaits turther study, and or the present purpose, I reter to the butterfly as D. virgo. /ETHODS Field observations were conducted during June-September I971 at two localities in the central Cordillera ("Meseta Central") o Costa Rica: (I) Bajo la Hondura (San Jos Province) on the Pacific side, and (2) Cuesta Angel (Heredia Province) on the Caribbean side. Both localities are characterized by montane tropical wet torest (8oo-Iooo m elev.). Observations, including searches or larval host plants, were made in orest clearings associated with paths and river edges. A total o] 32 days were spent in ield observation at Bajo la Hondura and 27 days were spent at Cuesta Angel; both localities were never visited the same day. Since many days were spent study- ing D.
    [Show full text]
  • A Distributional Study of the Butterflies of the Sierra De Tuxtla in Veracruz, Mexico. Gary Noel Ross Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1967 A Distributional Study of the Butterflies of the Sierra De Tuxtla in Veracruz, Mexico. Gary Noel Ross Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Ross, Gary Noel, "A Distributional Study of the Butterflies of the Sierra De Tuxtla in Veracruz, Mexico." (1967). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 1315. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/1315 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This dissertation has been microfilmed exactly as received 67-14,010 ROSS, Gary Noel, 1940- A DISTRIBUTIONAL STUDY OF THE BUTTERFLIES OF THE SIERRA DE TUXTLA IN VERACRUZ, MEXICO. Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical CoUege, Ph.D., 1967 Entomology University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan A DISTRIBUTIONAL STUDY OF THE BUTTERFLIES OF THE SIERRA DE TUXTLA IN VERACRUZ, MEXICO A D issertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and A gricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Entomology by Gary Noel Ross M.S., Louisiana State University, 196*+ May, 1967 FRONTISPIECE Section of the south wall of the crater of Volcan Santa Marta. May 1965, 5,100 feet. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Many persons have contributed to and assisted me in the prep­ aration of this dissertation and I wish to express my sincerest ap­ preciation to them all.
    [Show full text]
  • The Sibling Species Leptidea Juvernica and L. Sinapis (Lepidoptera, Pieridae)
    Zoology 119 (2016) 11–20 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Zoology j ournal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/zool The sibling species Leptidea juvernica and L. sinapis (Lepidoptera, Pieridae) in the Balkan Peninsula: ecology, genetic structure, and morphological variation a,∗ b c c,d Nikolay Shtinkov , Zdravko Kolev , Roger Vila , Vlad Dinca˘ a Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, 150 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada b National Museum of Natural History, 1 Tsar Osvoboditel Blvd, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria c Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37, 08003 Barcelona, Spain d Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: The wood white butterfly Leptidea sinapis and its more recently discovered sibling species L. reali and L. Received 27 June 2015 juvernica have emerged as a model system for studying the speciation and evolution of cryptic species, as Received in revised form 19 October 2015 well as their ecological interactions in conditions of sympatry. Leptidea sinapis is widely distributed from Accepted 10 December 2015 Western Europe to Central Asia while the synmorphic L. juvernica and L. reali have allopatric distributions, Available online 12 December 2015 both occurring in sympatry with L. sinapis and exhibiting an intricate, regionally variable ecological niche separation. Until now, the Balkan Peninsula remained one of the major unknowns in terms of distribution, Keywords: genetic structure, and ecological preferences of the Leptidea triplet in Europe.
    [Show full text]
  • Arranjo Populacional De Sorocaba/SP
    A rede urbana brasileira 57 Mapa 41 - Arranjo PopulacionalMapa 41 - de AP Sorocaba/SP Sorocaba - (SP)Capital - CapitalRegional RegionalB (2B) B (2B) AP Cambuí São Manuel AP Piracicaba Região de Influência AP Americana - Santa Bárbara d´Oeste AP Amparo Botucatu AP Campinas Extrema Manduri AP Capivari Bragança Paulista Itatiba Av aré Laranjal Paulista Indaiatuba Piraju Porangaba AP Cerquilho - Tietê AP Atibaia Cesário Lange AP Jundiaí Torre de Pedra Porto Feliz AP São José dos Campo AP Boituva - Iperó AP Itu - Salto Quadra Tatuí Guareí Angatuba Capela do Alto Araçariguama Taquarituba AP Sorocaba AP Itapetininga AP São Roque - Mairinque AP São Paulo Campina do Monte Alegre Sarapuí Piedade Pilar do Sul Itapeva São MiguelArcanjo AP Capão Bonito AP Baixada Santista Tapiraí Itararé 0 7,5 15 Km Participação da região de Participação do AP Núcleo da Sede Região de influência influência do AP Sorocaba Sorocaba em sua região de Características (AP Sorocaba) Conexões Externas do AP Sorocaba (A) no Brasil influência (B) (A)x100/ Valor Brasil) ((B)x100/(A)) AP Salvador População (2018) 1 877 063 0,9 889 472 47,4 Área (km2) 11 770 0,1 1 253 10,6 Densidade demográfica (hab/km2) 159 651,0 710 445,0 AP Brasília Cidades 20 0,4 1 5,0 PIB 2016 (1 000 R$) 72 615 604 1,2 38 705 164 53,3 Valor adicionado serviços (exceto 33 474 300 1,1 18 024 771 53,8 administração pública) Valor adicionado indústria 19 119 817 1,7 10 822 138 56,6 Valor adicionado agropecuária 2 026 351 0,7 82 224 4,1 Valor adicionado administração pública 6 813 802 0,7 3 258 690 47,8 Impostos 11 181 333 1,3 6 517 340 58,3 PIB per capita (R$) 38 686 128,7 43 515 112,5 AP Campinas Indaiatuba AP São Paulo Centros Sub-Regionais A: AP Itapetininga/SP e AP Itu - Salto/SP; AP Itu - Salto AP Itapetinga Itapeva AP Sorocaba Centros Centros Sub-Regionais B: Tatuí (SP); identificados 0 100 200 Km Centros de Zona A: AP Boituva - Iperó/SP, Piedade (SP) e Porto Feliz (SP).
    [Show full text]