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National Strategy for Safe Management of RW and SNF, Includind the Decommissioning Activities in Romania

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National Strategy for Safe Management of RW and SNF, Includind the Decommissioning Activities in Romania Ministry of Economy Nuclear Agency and for Radioactive Waste National Strategy for safe management of RW and SNF, includind the decommissioning activities in Romania IAEA Annual Forum of the International Decommissioning Network (IDN) 5-7 December 2017, Vienna, Austria Alice Mariana DIMA – Director of Nuclear Project & Strategies Departament 1 OVERVIEW OF THE NUCLEAR SECTOR IN ROMANIA Romania has a very active nuclear sector, and has most stages of the nuclear fuel cycle uranium mining and milling nuclear fuel fabrication nuclear power generation (CANDU reactors) radioactive waste and spent fuel storage repository for disposal of institutional LILW-SL nuclear research facilities 2 THE NUCLEAR POWER IN ROMANIA CERNAVODA NUCLEAR POWER PLANT Power Type Operation since MW(e) Cernavoda 1 706,5 PHWR 1996 Cernavoda 2 704,8 PHWR 2007 Cernavoda 3 720 PHWR Under construction Cernavoda 4 720 PHWR Under construction Cernavoda 5 706,5 PHWR Not any more considered 3 by courtesy of S.N. Nuclearelectrica S.A. 3 INTRODUCTION In accordance with European Council Directive 2011/70 / EURATOM, it obliges Member States to define national policies and programs for responsible and safe management of spent fuel and radioactive waste. Under the current legislation, the National Strategy must be drafted and reviewed periodically (at least once every five years) This document is the first revision of the National Strategy approved by Order 844/2004 National Medium and Long-term National Strategy on the management of spent nuclear fuel and radioactive waste, including the final disposal and decommissioning of nuclear and radiological installations The National Program is reviewed and updated on a regular basis, taking into account the achievements of technology and research results, as well as expert advice, best practices and best practice. 4 NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR SAFE MANAGEMENT OF RW AND SNF National Strategy A. Policy B. National Program 5 PART A: POLICY The policy on the management of spent fuel and radioactive waste is set by the Government and implemented by the responsible organizations involved. This Policy includes: A set of fundamental principles on ethical, security and environmental issues. A set of government policy decisions requiring management options to be implemented. Legal and regulatory framework defining control measures for final management and storage. Defining the responsibilities of organizations involved in final management and storage activities 6 PART A: POLICY FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPL • The principle of safe management • The principle of a gradual approach to security • Principle of primary responsibility of the waste producer • The principle of ensuring the protection of human health and the environment • The "polluter pays" • The principle of maintaining the generation of spent fuel and radioactive waste at the minimum practicable level • The principle of fairness between generations • The principle of ensuring transparency in all aspects of management 7 PART A: POLICY Waste producers Responsible for predisposal activities of SNF and RW and for decommissioning of their facilities; Bear the expenses related to the collection, handling, transport, treatment, conditioning, storage and disposal of its wastes Pay the annual contributions to the funds for disposal of SNF and RW and for decommissioning of nuclear facilities National Commission For Nuclear Activities Control (CNCAN) regulatory body in the nuclear field Nuclear Agency and for Radioactive Waste (ANDR) Support for the nuclear energy development in Romania (power and non –power applications), exclusively for peaceful purposes Responsible for disposal of radioactive waste (RW) and spent nuclear fuel (SNF), and ensure at national level the coordination of the nuclear installations decommissioning processes 8 PART B: NATIONAL PROGRAM Financing scheme Two funds are constituted since 2007 radioactive waste management fund (fee: 1,4 euro/MWh), and decommissioning fund (0,6 euro/Mwh). The contributions come from NPP. For the institutional waste, finances came from the state budget – the case of the decommissioning of research reactor VVR-S The two funds are managed by ANDR, and are invested conservatively in low- risk arrangements (through the State Treasury) At CNE Cernavoda, the costs of current spent fuel and radioactive waste management activities including the costs associated with the commissioning of the Intermediate Spent Fuel Dry Storage Facility are included in the CNE Cernavoda operational costs. 9 The level of contributions is assessed and up-dated each 5 years. PART B: NATIONAL PROGRAM Decommissioning of nuclear and radiological instalation According with the law the licensee shall: Elaborate a program for preparing the decommissioning and to present it for approval to Nuclear Agency and for Radioactive Waste and CNCAN Pay the contribution for setting up the financial resources for decommissioning The Decommissioning Plan revised every 5 years. The licensees have the responsibility for the management of radioactive waste arising from operation and decommissioning of their own nuclear and radiological facilities, up to disposal The generation of radioactive waste is to be kept to the minimum practicable level in terms of activity and volume through appropriate design measures, facility operation and decommissioning practices. 10 PART B: NATIONAL PROGRAM National inventory and waste clasification • 2 CANDU reactors, both on the Cernavoda site. • 2 nuclear research centers with other instalation that produce radioactive waste (LILW-SL and LILW-LL) Inventory and nuclear • The research reactor at RATEN ICN is in operation. • Both IFIN-HH and RATEN ICN collect radioactive waste (including instalations spent radioactive sources) from other licensed research, medical and industrial facilities throughout the country. • Most LILW-SL institutional waste is deposited at DNDR in operation at Baita Bihor; small quantities of waste that are not accepted for final storage at DNDR are stored at the locations of the research centers •The Radioactive Waste Classification System is defined by CNCAN in the NDR-03 (Radioactive Waste Classification Radioactive waste Regulation, CNCAN President Order No. 156/2005) . classification system •This system is in line with IAEA recommendations 11 PARTEA B: THE NATIONAL STRATEGY ON MEDIUM AND LONG TERM MANAGEMENT OF SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE Cernavoda site Cooling DICA Encapsulation Pond Interim Dry Store Plant Cernavoda NPP Geological On -Site Waste DIDR Interim Repository Handling Facility Waste Store Spent fuel / LILW -LL Decom Waste New LILW Handling Facility Treatment Plant DFDSMA Repository LEPI Interim LILW- SL LILW- LL Store RATEN ICN On -Site Waste Research Site Treatment Plant After 2040 IFIN -HH On -Site Waste Research Site Treatment Plant Biata Bihor Repository Institutional LILW -SL Other Institutional On -Site Interim Waste Producers LILW- LL Store Legend: Planned infrastructure spent fuel LILW-LL LILW-SL 12 TIMESCALES FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DISPOSAL 1986 2040 2050 2055 2155 2355 Active Passive Operational Pre-closure Closure institutional institutional period period period control period control period End of disposal Final operations closure The indicative timeline for closure of the Baita Bihor repository 2150 2021 Application for construction licence 2055 Repository 2019 closed Application for Disposal site licence operations begin 2018 2045 Disposal Start of Repository operations begin site investigations construction begins 2017 2030 Repository Site construction begins licence granted 2025 2009 Decision URL constructed by Government 2020 Site 1992 Feasibility selected study Reference Start of concept selected site selection process The indicative timeline with key milestone dates for Phase 1 of The indicative timeline with key milestone dates for the the new near-surface repository implementation programme Romanian geological repository implementation programme 13 Conclusion According with the provisions of Article 8 of Government Ordinance 11/2003, the National Strategy will be reviewed every 5 years. •Review the fee for safe management of SNF and RW and decommissioning of nuclear and radiological installations; Updating the national radioactive waste inventory; 14 THANK YOU FOR YOUR KIND ATTENTION Alice Mariana DIMA [email protected] 15 .
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