DOCSLIB.ORG

Digital Media and Democracy : Tactics in Hard Times / Edited by Megan Boler

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Digital Media and Democracy : Tactics in Hard Times / Edited by Megan Boler Digital Media and Democracy Digital Media and Democracy Tactics in Hard Times edited by Megan Boler The MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England © 2008 Massachusetts Institute of Technology All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the publisher. For information about special quantity discounts, please email [email protected] This book was set in Stone Sans and Stone Serif by SNP Best-set Typesetter Ltd., Hong Kong. Printed and bound in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Digital media and democracy : tactics in hard times / edited by Megan Boler. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-262-02642-0 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Mass media—Political aspects. 2. Digital media—Political aspects. 3. Democracy. I. Boler, Megan. P95.8.D54 2008 302.23′1—dc22 2007032258 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To the worlds grown smaller In tribute to the life and work of Ricardo Rosas, 1969–2007 And to worlds grown bigger Dedicated to the countless who persist in speaking up through the media Contents Acknowledgments ix Introduction 1 I The Shape of Publics: New Media and Global Capitalism 51 1 The State of the Media: An Interview with Robert McChesney 53 Megan Boler 2 The Space of Tactical Media 71 Alessandra Renzi 3 Communicative Capitalism: Circulation and the Foreclosure of Politics 101 Jodi Dean 4 Toward Open and Dense Networks: An Interview with Geert Lovink 123 Megan Boler 5 Black Code Redux: Censorship, Surveillance, and the Militarization of Cyberspace 137 Ronald J. Deibert II The Changing Face of News Media 165 6 Media and Democracy 167 Susan D. Moeller 7 Democracy on the Airwaves: An Interview with Amy Goodman 197 Megan Boler 8 Alternative Media Theory and Journalism Practice 213 Chris Atton viii Contents 9 Community Radio, Access, and Media Justice: An Interview with Deepa Fernandes 229 Andréa Schmidt and Megan Boler 10 Gatewatching, Gatecrashing: Futures for Tactical News Media 247 Axel Bruns 11 Tempests of the Blogosphere: Presidential Campaign Stories That Failed to Ignite Mainstream Media 271 D. Travers Scott 12 Al Jazeera English: An Interview with Hassan Ibrahim 301 Nathalie Magnan, Megan Boler, and Andréa Schmidt III Tactics in Action 321 13 Media Interventions and Art Practices: An Interview with Shaina Anand 323 Alessandra Renzi and Megan Boler 14 The Gambiarra: Considerations on a Recombinatory Technology 343 Ricardo Rosas 15 Where the Activism Is 355 Trebor Scholz 16 Whacking Bush: Tactical Media as Play 367 Graham Meikle 17 The Daily Show and Crossfi re: Satire and Sincerity as Truth to Power 383 Megan Boler with Stephen Turpin 18 Cybersupremacy: The New Face and Form of White Supremacist Activism 405 R. Sophie Statzel 19 Re-visioning the State of The Media: Concluding Interview and Commentary 429 Brian Holmes Contributors 437 Index 441 Acknowledgments I conceived this collection in the collegial space of a six-week Cyberdisciplinarity Institute, hosted at the Dartmouth Center for the Humanities by Dr. Mark Williams in the spring of 2005. I am particularly grateful to those who offered comments on my Introduction: Nathalie Magnan, Marcia McKenzie, Carly Stasko, Trevor Norris, Graham Meikle, Catherine Burwell, Stephen Turpin, Jane Sooby, Mark Lipton, and D. Travers Scott. Special thanks to those who worked on editing interviews: Andréa Schmidt, Deetje Boler, Catherine Burwell, Stephen Turpin, and Chikako Nagayama. Enormous awe and gratitude to Andréa Schmidt for her expert consultation on almost all interview questions, and for her thorough and skillful work transcribing the inter- views with Deepa Fernandes, Amy Goodman, Hassan Ibrahim, and Shaina Anand. Thank you to Lisa Gitelman for sharing her wisdom all along the way, and to Carol Burch Brown and Melisande Charles for consultation on images and design. My heart- felt thanks to Jennie McKnight, who provides ever-curious willingness to engage and parry ideas, labor-intensive reproduction of daily life, and a cheerful, steady ballast. A special thanks to Education Commons (Alfredo Chow and others) at OISE/University of Toronto who always extend my e-mail server storage, and who fi elded my slightly frantic call during the fi nal hours of this manuscript preparation: “Why have I stopped receiving e-mails?!” Alfredo calls me back: “Megan, the system only handles 1,200 and you have over 5,000 e-mails in your inbox.” Finally, thank you to the dynamic intel- lectual environment created by the team of researchers engaged in my Canadian Social Science and Humanities Research Council–funded project “Rethinking Media, Democ- racy and Citizenship” from 2005 to the present—Catherine Burwell, Jennifer Kaya- hara, Chantelle Oliver, Laura Pinto, Alessandra Renzi, Andréa Schmidt, and Stephen Turpin. Introduction Megan Boler “A lie can be halfway around the world before the truth has its boots on” becomes doubly true with today’s technologies. —Donald Rumsfeld, February 17, 2006 As an unnamed Bush offi cial told reporter Ron Suskind, “We’re an empire now, and when we act, we create our own reality. And while you’re studying that reality—judiciously, as you will— we’ll act again, creating other new realities, which you can study too, and that’s how things will sort out. We’re history’s actors . and you, all of you, will be left to just study what we do.” —Eric Alterman, The Nation, April 21, 2005 Moyers: I do not know whether you are practicing an old form of parody and satire . or a new form of journalism. Stewart: Well then that either speaks to the sad state of comedy or the sad state of news. I can’t fi gure out which one. I think, honestly, we’re practicing a new form of desperation . —Bill Moyers interview of Jon Stewart, on Public Broadcasting Service, July 2003 On a cold March night in southwestern Virginia in 2003, one week prior to the United States invasion of Iraq, I fi led into a packed auditorium of 2,000 students, including the entire corps of Virginia Tech military cadets dressed in white pants, white gloves, and navy blue hats. Tim Russert, host of Meet the Press, a weekly news magazine that airs on U.S. network television, was to speak on the topic of the impending U.S.-led invasion of Iraq. A professor at this university at the time, I was in the midst of con- ducting research for a Web site that had been launched on September 11, 2002, enti- tled, “Critical Media Literacy in Times of War.” For over a year, my team of talented graduate students and I had been immersed in an examination of how and what dif- ferent news sources were reporting on the effect of sanctions, civilian casualties, and number of persons reported at war protests in relationship to recent events in Afghani- stan and Iraq. I was steeped in international press coverage related to Bush’s threatened war, and as the talk progressed, it became evident that Russert was omitting central arguments against the preemptive attacks that had been widely published in most 2 Megan Boler international and some domestic news media in early 2003. Describing his talk as an “objective evaluation” of the bipartisan views represented in news media, Russert concluded his speech by saying that, given journalism’s objective work reporting the facts, Bush’s proposed invasion was justifi ed and warranted. I was fi rst to the microphone for the question and answer period. As Russert spoke, I had written down carefully worded remarks identifying key facts reported in respected news sources that he had neglected to mention.1 Outlining these omitted arguments, I asked Russert if he read any international news sources and suggested that he seemed extremely partisan in his selection of news coverage and consequent appraisal of the situation. His face turning red, Russert shouted that I had no right to claim to be a professor given my misreading of the facts. Cheering on Russert’s cowardly attack, the audience began hissing and booing at me when I attempted a reply, and I was forced to retreat to my seat, genuinely afraid. As I left the auditorium, I feared I would be accosted, and was grateful for the few people who thanked me on my way out.2 It was at that moment that I realized the potency of the active silencing of dissent, and how distorted myths of journalistic objectivity could be used to justify something as devastating as the bombing of a nation and its people. Of course, my experience was not unusual—this was during a post-9/113 period in the United States when aca- demics deemed “unpatriotic” were being “blacklisted” by such right-wing organiza- tions as CampusWatch.4 The university newspaper reported the sparks that fl ew:5 After Russert’s lecture, questions were taken from various audience members; one of whom was a professor who engaged Russert in a heated debate. She accused Russert of not presenting objective journalism and of having a pro-war stance on Iraq, sentiments to which a small portion of the audience applauded. Russert rebutted by saying he presented the views of the administration and was objective and that she needed to reexamine her facts. The majority of audience members said they thought Russert’s lecture was objective. Russert closed his lecture with a patriotic appeal. “Never underestimate our ability as a nation,” he said. (March 13, 2003, Collegiate Times, Blacksburg, VA)6 Less than a year later, in early 2004, Tim Russert grilled George W.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Deception, Disinformation, and Strategic Communications: How One Interagency Group Made a Major Difference by Fletcher Schoen and Christopher J
    STRATEGIC PERSPECTIVES 11 Deception, Disinformation, and Strategic Communications: How One Interagency Group Made a Major Difference by Fletcher Schoen and Christopher J. Lamb Center for Strategic Research Institute for National Strategic Studies National Defense University Institute for National Strategic Studies National Defense University The Institute for National Strategic Studies (INSS) is National Defense University’s (NDU’s) dedicated research arm. INSS includes the Center for Strategic Research, Center for Complex Operations, Center for the Study of Chinese Military Affairs, Center for Technology and National Security Policy, Center for Transatlantic Security Studies, and Conflict Records Research Center. The military and civilian analysts and staff who comprise INSS and its subcomponents execute their mission by conducting research and analysis, publishing, and participating in conferences, policy support, and outreach. The mission of INSS is to conduct strategic studies for the Secretary of Defense, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Unified Combatant Commands in support of the academic programs at NDU and to perform outreach to other U.S. Government agencies and the broader national security community. Cover: Kathleen Bailey presents evidence of forgeries to the press corps. Credit: The Washington Times Deception, Disinformation, and Strategic Communications: How One Interagency Group Made a Major Difference Deception, Disinformation, and Strategic Communications: How One Interagency Group Made a Major Difference By Fletcher Schoen and Christopher J. Lamb Institute for National Strategic Studies Strategic Perspectives, No. 11 Series Editor: Nicholas Rostow National Defense University Press Washington, D.C. June 2012 Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the contributors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Defense Department or any other agency of the Federal Government.
    [Show full text]
  • Social Media and Politics: Theoretical and Methodological Considerations in Designing a Study of Political Engagement
    Social Media and Politics: Theoretical and Methodological Considerations in Designing a Study of Political Engagement Paper presented at Politics: Web 2.0: An International Conference New Political Communication Unit Royal Holloway, University of London April 17-18, 2008 Maja Turnšek University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Social Sciences, Slovenia [email protected] Nicholas W. Jankowski Virtual Knowledge Studio for the Humanities and Social Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands [email protected] 1 Introduction Web 2.0 has become the buzz word describing a plethora of social media available on the internet, includingblogs, photo and file sharing systems (e.g., Flickr, SlideShare, YouTube), and social networking sites (e.g., Friendster, MySpace, SecondLife). Although these media are largely designed for personal presentation, political speech and action sometime emerge, such as in postings protesting government actions on YouTube, creation of candidate headquarters in SecondLife, and utilization of still image and video functionalities on mobile phones during demonstrations and police confrontations. Last year, as candidates began preparing for the U.S. Presidential Primaries, CNN coined the term YouTube-ification of Politics to describe this development. From a perspective ascribing importance to everyday settings as venues for political expression, these Internet-based social media have become both the tools for and sites of politics. The question, however, is how such manifestations of political life can be empirically investigated within a social science theoretical framework. In this paper we examine the theoretical and methodological approaches involved in studying social media utilized for political expression and action. In question form, we ask: How do empirically oriented social scientists consider the theoretical and methodological challenges involved in investigating social media? We address this question through examining a sample of research-oriented peer reviewed journal articles addressing facets of social media.
    [Show full text]
  • How the Pandemic Defeated America Spread
    neutered the nation’s ability to prevent the pathogen’s How the Pandemic Defeated America spread. A bloated, inefficient health-care system left hospitals ill-prepared for the ensuing wave of By Ed Yong sickness. Racist policies that have endured since the Updated at 1:12 p.m. ET on August 4, 2020. days of colonization and slavery left Indigenous and Black Americans especially vulnerable to COVID-19. {photo} The decades-long process of shredding the nation’s Caption: Image above: A masked worker cleans a social safety net forced millions of essential workers New York City subway entrance. in low-paying jobs to risk their life for their livelihood. The same social-media platforms that How did it come to this? A virus a thousand sowed partisanship and misinformation during the times smaller than a dust mote has humbled and 2014 Ebola outbreak in Africa and the 2016 U.S. humiliated the planet’s most powerful nation. America election became vectors for conspiracy theories during has failed to protect its people, leaving them with the 2020 pandemic. illness and financial ruin. It has lost its status as a The U.S. has little excuse for its inattention. In global leader. It has careened between inaction and recent decades, epidemics of SARS, MERS, Ebola, ineptitude. The breadth and magnitude of its errors are H1N1 flu, Zika, and monkeypox showed the havoc difficult, in the moment, to truly fathom. that new and re-emergent pathogens could wreak. In the first half of 2020, SARS-CoV-2—the Health experts, business leaders, and even middle new coronavirus behind the disease COVID-19— schoolers ran simulated exercises to game out the infected 10 million people around the world and killed spread of new diseases.
    [Show full text]
  • The Media Democracy Agenda the Strategy and Legacy of Federal Communications Commissioner Michael J
    The Media Democracy Agenda The Strategy and Legacy of Federal Communications Commissioner Michael J. Copps by Victor Pickard and Pawel Popiel Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania Published by the Benton Foundation The Media Democracy Agenda The Strategy and Legacy of FCC Commissioner Michael J. Copps This Benton Foundation publication is written by Victor Pickard and Pawel Popiel. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 United States License. A copy of this license is available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us Please include the following attribution when citing this report: Pickard, Victor and Pawel Popiel. September 2018. The Media Democracy Agenda: The Strategy and Legacy of FCC Commissioner Michael J. Copps. Evanston, IL: Benton Foundation. https://www.benton.org/publications/Copps-legacy Benton Foundation 727 Chicago Ave. Evanston, IL 60202 www.benton.org Table of Contents Foreword ....................................................................................................................................... 2 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 4 Historical Context ......................................................................................................................... 5 Biographical Background .............................................................................................................. 7 Democratic Principles
    [Show full text]
  • The Mass Media, Democracy and the Public Sphere
    Sonia Livingstone and Peter Lunt The mass media, democracy and the public sphere Book section Original citation: Originally published in Livingstone, Sonia and Lunt, Peter, (eds.) Talk on television audience participation and public debate. London : Routledge, UK, 1994, pp. 9-35. © 1994 Sonia Livingstone and Peter Lunt This version available at: http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/48964/ Available in LSE Research Online: April 2013 LSE has developed LSE Research Online so that users may access research output of the School. Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Users may download and/or print one copy of any article(s) in LSE Research Online to facilitate their private study or for non-commercial research. You may not engage in further distribution of the material or use it for any profit-making activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute the URL (http://eprints.lse.ac.uk) of the LSE Research Online website. This document is the author’s submitted version of the book section. There may be differences between this version and the published version. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite from it. Original citation: Livingstone, S., and Lunt, P. (1994) The mass media, democracy and the public sphere. In Talk on Television: Audience participation and public debate (9-35). London: Routledge. Chapter 2 The mass media, democracy and the public sphere INTRODUCTION In this chapter we explore the role played by the mass media in political participation, in particular in the relationship between the laity and established power.
    [Show full text]
  • Whither Tactical Media?
    Third Text, Vol. 22, Issue 5, September, 2008, 519–524 Introduction: Whither Tactical Media? Gene Ray and Gregory Sholette We began collaborating on this Special Issue in June of 2006. Our concern was to understand how tactical media (TM) had evolved in the decade since its emergence and to ask how far and in what ways this stream of critical cultural practices and approach to media activism remains viable today. The current global situation is characterised by two factors that were absent or still obscure in the mid-1990s: the renewal of radical and anti-capitalist imagination ignited by the 1994 Zapatista uprising in Chiapas and by movements, protests and struggles against neo-liberalism in Seoul, Seattle, Buenos Aires, Durban, Genoa, Quito and many other places; and the new politics of fear and perma- nent war that have been imposed globally since September 11, 2001. To these, we can add the undeniable indicators of global climate change, resource depletion and ecological degradation, and the openly fascistic tendencies generated by the politics of fear. In light of these shifts, we felt a reflective assessment of tactical media would be timely. Above all, we felt it had become necessary to revisit the question of strategy and the conditions for durable, organised struggle. Despite TM practitioners’ Downloaded By: [New York University] At: 15:28 12 February 2009 aversion to strategic thinking, institutionalisation, categorical hierarchies and grand narratives, it is apparent that a group of radicals with no such prejudices and inhibitions are busy imposing their ultra-conservative vision on the world. Is it still reasonable, then, to insist on the viability of ephemeral tactics that hold no ground of their own, that disappear once they are executed, and that represent no particular politics or vision of a desirable future? Thus, to a range of theorists and activists, we posed this question: ‘Whither tactical media?’ We hoped the results would at least contribute to recently renewed debates about the limits and possibilities of politically engaged art.
    [Show full text]
  • Hacking Global Justice Paper Prepared
    Hacking Global Justice Paper prepared for: Changing Politics through Digital Networks October 5-6, 2007 Universitá degli Studi di Firenze Florence, Italy Jeffrey S. Juris Assistant Professor of Anthropology Department of Social & Behavioral Sciences New College of Interdisciplinary Arts & Sciences Arizona State University [email protected] Hacking Global Justice On November 30, 1999, as tens of thousands of protesters blockaded the World Trade Organization (WTO) Summit in Seattle, the electrohippies organized a simultaneous collective action in cyberspace. The U.K.-based collective, composed of environmentalists and computer programmers, developed a special website allowing activists from around the world to take part in a “virtual sit-in.” Using Floodnet software developed by the Electronic Disturbance Theater (EDT) during previous actions supporting the Zapatistas, the electrohippies’ site automatically transferred visitors en masse to the official WTO domain as if thousands of surfers repeatedly clicked their browser reload buttons at the same time. The action was designed to overload the WTO web server by sending multiple requests over a period of several days. The electrohippies claimed more than 450,000 people ultimately swamped the WTO site from November 30 to December 5, while participants sent an additional 900 e-mails to the server per day. The group later explained their action in this way, "In conventional sit-ins people try to occupy gateways or buildings. In a virtual sit-in people from around the globe can occupy the gateway to the WTO’s web servers. In this way we hope to block the flow of information from the conference- which is significant because it will cement proposals to expand globalization in the 21st Century."1 The virtual sit-in against the WTO is an example of what activists call Electronic Civil Disobedience (ECD), an information-age tactic intricately tied to an emerging wave of resistance against corporate globalization (cf.
    [Show full text]
  • CONTACT the Phoenix Project Journal 040908
    CONTACT THE PHOENIX PROJECT JOURNAL GOD’S NEW MILLENNIUM KNOWING TRUTH IS NOT ENOUGH— SUCCESSFUL CHANGE REQUIRES ACTION VOLUME 43, NUMBER 9 NEWS REVIEW $ 3.00 SEPTEMBER 8, 2004 Phoenix Gold Warming Sino-RP Relationship? 8/24/04—#1 (18-8) “Phoenix” “mark” is interesting and elusive. NO, I do GOD has never given forth such information as is TUE., AUG. 24, 2004 7:14 A.M. YR 18, DAY 8 not give specific information to simply give ease of dumped onto your human, physical beings—never Manila, Philippines taking out our people in some mystical game of ever! Not in the past, in this present condition, nor “stopya-getcha”. It is OBVIOUS that enemies shall there ever be such manipulative considerations RE: GOLD WARRIORS; PHIL. FISCAL CRISIS- abound at every turn or step as expressed in massive flowing from GOD. INTO THE FIRE—GCH/D postings by the adversarial miscreants. THINGS Our adversaries like to call us a “cult” of some kind MUST UNFOLD PROPERLY AND IN when there is NOT ANYTHING TO EVEN PHILIPPINE GOLD OF MISCELLANEOUS SEQUENCE WHICH ALLOWS UTILIZATION OF REMOTELY CLASSIFY US AS FITTING ANY SOURCES, REAL AND FALSE THE ASSETS AND POSITIVE POSITIONING/ PATTERN OF SUCH IMPUDENCE AND SHARING. ASSUMPTION—NEVER WAS, NOT IS, AND My requests that you avail yourselves of certain To cover truth and clandestine activities there is NEVER SHALL THERE BE! TRUTH IS NOT A books and information are not to simply push books or always false information presented to the public at “CULT”, READERS. TRUTH IS! fill up your time with overload.
    [Show full text]
  • The World's 500 Most Influential Muslims, 2021
    PERSONS • OF THE YEAR • The Muslim500 THE WORLD’S 500 MOST INFLUENTIAL MUSLIMS • 2021 • B The Muslim500 THE WORLD’S 500 MOST INFLUENTIAL MUSLIMS • 2021 • i The Muslim 500: The World’s 500 Most Influential Chief Editor: Prof S Abdallah Schleifer Muslims, 2021 Editor: Dr Tarek Elgawhary ISBN: print: 978-9957-635-57-2 Managing Editor: Mr Aftab Ahmed e-book: 978-9957-635-56-5 Editorial Board: Dr Minwer Al-Meheid, Mr Moustafa Jordan National Library Elqabbany, and Ms Zeinab Asfour Deposit No: 2020/10/4503 Researchers: Lamya Al-Khraisha, Moustafa Elqabbany, © 2020 The Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Centre Zeinab Asfour, Noora Chahine, and M AbdulJaleal Nasreddin 20 Sa’ed Bino Road, Dabuq PO BOX 950361 Typeset by: Haji M AbdulJaleal Nasreddin Amman 11195, JORDAN www.rissc.jo All rights reserved. No part of this book may be repro- duced or utilised in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanic, including photocopying or recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Views expressed in The Muslim 500 do not necessarily reflect those of RISSC or its advisory board. Set in Garamond Premiere Pro Printed in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Calligraphy used throughout the book provided courte- sy of www.FreeIslamicCalligraphy.com Title page Bismilla by Mothana Al-Obaydi MABDA • Contents • INTRODUCTION 1 Persons of the Year - 2021 5 A Selected Surveyof the Muslim World 7 COVID-19 Special Report: Covid-19 Comparing International Policy Effectiveness 25 THE HOUSE OF ISLAM 49 THE
    [Show full text]
  • Portrait of the Activist As a Yes Man: Examining Culture Jamming and Its Actors Through the Circuit of Culture Derrick Shannon
    Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2011 A Portrait of the Activist as a Yes Man: Examining Culture Jamming and Its Actors Through the Circuit of Culture Derrick Shannon Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION A PORTRAIT OF THE ACTIVIST AS A YES MAN: EXAMINING CULTURE JAMMING AND ITS ACTORS THROUGH THE CIRCUIT OF CULTURE By DERRICK SHANNON A Thesis submitted to the School of Communication and Information in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Degree Awarded: Spring Semester, 2011 The members of the Committee approve the thesis of Derrick Shannon on April 01, 2011. ______________________________ Andrew Opel Professor Directing Thesis ______________________________ Donna Marie Nudd Committee Member ______________________________ Jennifer Proffitt Committee Member Approved: _______________________________________ Steve McDowell, Chair, Department of Communication _______________________________________ Larry Dennis, Dean, College of Communication The Graduate School has verified and approved the above named committee members. ii For Dad iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author would like to primarily thank Dr. Andy Opel, Dr. Bill Lawson, and my father Sam Shannon for supporting me through this project, and for pushing me to finish. Without their encouragement and generosity I would not have been able to see this to an end. I would also like to thank Dr. Nudd and Dr. Proffitt for taking part in this and lending their time. Finally, I would like to thank my mother, Ginger Shannon, who is the kindest most inspiring person I know.
    [Show full text]
  • SEVEN STORIES PRESS 140 Watts Street
    SEVEN STORIES PRESS 140 Watts Street New York, NY 10013 BOOKS FOR ACADEMIC COURSES 2019 COURSES ACADEMIC FOR BOOKS SEVEN STORIES PRESS STORIES SEVEN SEVEN STORIES PRESS BOOKS FOR ACADEMIC COURSES 2020 SEVEN STORIES PRESS TRIANGLE SQUARE SIETE CUENTOS EDITORIAL BOOKS FOR ACADEMIC COURSES 2020–2021 “Aric McBay’s Full Spectrum Resistance, Volumes One and Two “By turns humorous, grave, chilling, and caustic, the stories and are must reads for those wanting to know more about social essays gathered in [Crossing Borders] reveal all the splendors movement theory, strategies and tactics for social change, and and all the miseries of the translator’s task. Some of the most the history and politics of activism and community organizing. distinguished translators and writers of our times offer reflections There is nothing within the realm of social justice literature that that deepen our understanding of the delicate and some- matches the breadth of modern social movements depicted in times dangerous balancing act that translators must perform. these books. These are engaging, critical, exciting, and outstand- Translators are often inconspicuous or unnoticed; here we have ing intersectional books that respectfully speak about the pitfalls a chance to peer into the realities and the fantasies of those who and successes for social change.” live in two languages, and the result is altogether thrilling and —ANTHONY J. NOCELLA II, assistant professor of criminology, instructive.” Salt Lake Community College, and co-editor of Igniting a Revolution: —PETER CONNOR, director of the Center for Translation Studies, Voices in Defense of the Earth Barnard College “By placing readers into an intimate conversation with one of “For large swaths of the body politic, the December 2016 US this country’s most important thinkers, as well as members of the elections offered up the prospect of a long and dark winter in Occupy Wall Street movement, Wilson and Gouveia provide a America.
    [Show full text]
  • Evidence of Social Media Blocking and Internet Censorship in Ethiopia
    ETHIOPIA OFFLINE EVIDENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA BLOCKING AND INTERNET CENSORSHIP IN ETHIOPIA Amnesty International is a global ABOUT OONI movement of more than 7 million The Open Observatory of Network Interference people who campaign for a (OONI) is a free software project under the Tor world where human rights are enjoyed Project that aims to increase transparency of internet censorship around the world. We aim to by all. empower groups and individuals around the world with data that can serve as evidence of internet Our vision is for every person to enjoy censorship events. all the rights enshrined in the Since late 2012, our users and partners around the Universal Declaration of Human world have contributed to the collection of millions of network measurements, shedding light on Rights and other international human multiple instances of censorship, surveillance, and rights standards. traffic manipulation on the internet. We are independent of any government, political We are independent of any ideology, economic interest or religion. government, political ideology, economic interest or religion and are funded mainly by our membership and public donations. © Amnesty International 2016 Except where otherwise noted, content in this document is licensed under a Creative Commons Cover photo: Youth in Addis trying to get Wi-Fi Connection. (attribution, non-commercial, no derivatives, international 4.0) licence. ©Addis Fortune https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode For more information please visit the permissions page on our website: www.amnesty.org Where material is attributed to a copyright owner other than Amnesty International this material is not subject to the Creative Commons licence.
    [Show full text]