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=0C8>=0;C740CA4F0;4B=0C8>=0;C740CA4F0;4B NATIONAL THEATRE WALES / 02
Creative Team Thank You STAFF TEAM TÎM CREADIGOL DIOLCHIADAU TÎM CRAIDD
National Theatre Wales CONCEPT/CURATOR/ SUPPORTING CAST NATIONAL THEATRE WALES WOULD Lucy Davies is the new English ARTISTIC DIRECTOR Cast Cynorthwyol LIKE TO THANK THE FOLLOWING Producer language theatre company CYSYNIAD/CURADUR/ JACK RENDELL ORGANISATIONS FOR THEIR CYNHYRCHYDD CYFARWYDDWR ARTISTIG ELIS MATTHEWSON SUPPORT DURING THE CREATIN producing world class MARC REES SCOTT WILLIAMS OF AND PRESENTATION OF “FOR Rhiannon Davis work across Wales. This LAURA THOMAS MOUNTAIN, SAND & SEA” ALONG Finance Manager production is 04 of the CREATIVE COLLABORATOR/ MICHEL BENSON WITH ALL THE VOLUNTEERS RHEOLWR CYLLID launch year programme – DRAMATURG/DESIGNER DAVE BERRILL SUPPORTING THE PERFORMANCES 12 shows over 12 months, CYDWEITHREDWR CREADIGOL/ GWYNFOR OWEN Devinda De Silva TEAM CO-ORDINATOR one a month, plus one DRAMODYDD/DYNLUNYDD HOFFai NATIONAL THEATRE BENEDICT ANDERSON HAT MAKER WALES DDIOLCH I’R CWMNÏAU CYDLYNYDD TEAM spectacular finale – in GWNEUTHURWR HET AC UNIGOLION ISOD AM EU amazing places and unique CREATIVE PRODUCER/ TOM HIGHES CEFNOGAETH WRTH GREU “FOR Rhian Jones spaces across Wales. PRODUCTION MANAGER MOUNTAIN, SAND & SEA” YN Administrator CYNHYRCHYDD CREADIGOL/ FILM CAST OGYSTAL Â’R HOLL WIRFYDDOLWYR GWEINYDDYDD SEFYDLWYD NATIONAL RHEOLWR CYNHYRCHIAD CAST FFILM THEATRE WALES I GREU SIÂN THOMAS ESME GRIFFIN COMMUNITIES FIRST Matthew Lawton THEATR BYWIOG O SAFON YN NORMA STOCKFORD THE DRAGON THEATRE Communications Director SAESNEG, A’I GWREIDDIAU YNG COLLABORATING ARTISTS ALLISON WILLIAMS BERMO ARTS CYFARWYDDWR CYFATHREBU ARTISTIAID CYDWEITHREDOL ANN WILLIAMS NGHYMRU, WED’I GWNEUD I WOMEN’S INSTITUTE GARETH CLARK MERCHED Y WAWR Mathilde López BAWB. DYMA GYNHYRCHIAD HOLLY DAVEY MEMBERS OF/AELODAU o Sailors’ institute Creative Associate 04 O RAGLEN Y FLWYDDYN MAREGA PALSER BATALA BERMO SASSIE REES CYDYMAITH CREADIGOL AGORIADOL – 12 SIOE DROS 12 CAI TOMOS CHRIS KNOWLES MIS, UN Y MIS, YN CYNNWYS GUILLERMO WEICKERT ELEPHANT MAKERS SANDANCER John McGrath GWNEuTHyRWYR YR ELIFFANT SAILORS INSTITUTE Artistic Director SIOE YCHWANEGOL ARBENNIG COSTUME DESIGN YEAR 5/BLWYDDYN 5 CYFARWYDDWR ARTISTIG I GLOI – AR DRAWS CYMRU GLYN JONES DYLUNYDD GWISGOEDD YSGOL Y TRAETH TONY PAIGE MEWN LLEOLIADAU UNIGRYW NEIL DAVIES BERYL FINCH Catherine Paskell A DI-RI. FLAG MAKERS KIN CARTILAGE Creative Associate TECHNICAL MANAGER GWNEuTHyRWYR BANERI COUNTRY CHOICE CYDYMAITH CREADIGOL RHEOLWR TECHNEGOL MAGGIE POWELL SASSIE REES CORE FUNDERS GERALD TYLER ANGIE JONES CHRIS KNOWLES Catrin Rogers NODDWYR CRAIDD BERYL HADLAND MAIR JONES MEDIA OFFICER POSTCARDS FROM BARMOUTH LEE MART CHRIST CHURCH SWYDDOG WASG CERDYN POST O’R BERMO EIRA GOODCHILD JOHN SAM JONES PRODUCTION SUPPORT TEAM MEMBERS Michael Salmon CYNORTHWYWYR CYNHYRCHIAD ASSEMBLY EVENT PARTICIPANTS Company Assistant PHOTOGRAPHIC ARCHIVIST cassy driver CYNORTHWYDD Y CWMNI ARCHIFYDD FFOTOGRAFFIG JANE LLOYD FRANCIS YEAR ONE SPONSORS HUGH G. ROBERTS JUPP KORSTEN Carys Shannon NODDWYR Y FLWYDDYN AGORIADOL MATTHEW DAVIES ASSOCIATE PRODUCER ARCHIVE ANIMATOR CYNHYRCHYDD CYDYMAITH BYWDDARLUNYDD ARCHIF SIMON CLODE
PAINTER/PAENTIWR THE CORNER SHOP BERNARD ELLIS PR/CYSYLLTIADAU CYHOEDDUS
National Theatre Wales DOCUMENTARY/DOGFEN 30 Castle Arcade PETE TELFER Cardiff CF10 1BW Phone +44 (0)29 2035 3070 INSTALLATION TECHNICIAN [email protected] TECHNEGYDD GOsodiad RICHARD ROBINSON
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nationaltheatrewales.org FOR MOUNTAIN, SAND & SEA / 03
(PROVERB)
A year and a half ago, I had never heard of Barmouth let alone Flwyddyn a hanner yn ôl, doeddwn i heb glywed am Y Bermo, heb been there, but now visiting feels like coming home. Its abundant sôn am fod yno; erbyn hyn, mae ymweld â’r lle’n teimlo fel petawn i’n sand has poured into my veins and firmly rooted me on the banks dod adre. Llifodd ei dywod mewn i ngwythiennau fel petawn i wedi of the river Mawddach. Its coconut-scented gorse, heavy with ngwreiddio ar lannau afon Mawddach. Mae’r eithin, yn drymlwythog golden blossom, has perfumed my very core. William Wordsworth gan flodau euraidd a’i arogl o gnau coco, fel petai wedi persawru fy was spot on when he wrote: nghraidd. Roedd William Wordsworth yn llygad ei le pan ysgrifennodd:
“With a fine sea view in front, the mountains behind, the glorious estuary running eight miles inland, and Cadair Idris within compass of a day’s walk, Barmouth can always hold its own against any rival.”
I feel like an honorary ‘plentyn bach y tywod’ A critical part of the research and development Dw i’n teimlo fel ‘plentyn bach y tywod’ (yr enw Rhan greiddiol o’r broses ymchwil a datblygu (‘child of the sand’, the affectionate name given process was the opening of a temporary a roddir i drigolion a dreuliodd eu plentyndod oedd agor ‘Siop Straeon’ dros dro er mwyn to residents who grew up near the beach). It ‘Story Shop’ to gather an oral history, where ger y traeth) er anrhydedd. Aelod o’r clan casglu hanesion llafar, lle gallai pobl ddod i was a member of that clan – local writer John people could relay anecdotes and recollections hwnnw, yr awdur lleol John Sam Jones, daniodd adrodd straeon a rhannu atgofion, wedi’u hysgogi Sam Jones – who ignited and enflamed my triggered by a wall of archival photographs. fy nychymyg; John ac atyniad goresgynnol gan wal yn llawn ffotograffau archif. Cafodd imagination; him and the overwhelming lure of These memories, images and moments were drysau caeëdig y Cambrian Establishment – yr atgofion, y delweddau a’r eiliadau hyn eu the sealed doors of The Cambrian Establishment then sampled, stored and moulded to form the dilledydd crand o Oes Victoria ar y stryd fawr samplo, eu storio a’u ffurfio i greu sail ar gyfer – a grand, former Victorian draper’s on the high bedrock of ‘For Mountain, Sand & Sea’. Through (sydd wedi cau erbyn hyn, gwaetha’r modd). ‘For Mountain, Sand & Sea’. Trwy gyfrwng y street (sadly closed to us too). Meeting John, this sharing process, the community awoke to Cyfarfod â John, ei linach teuluol yn estyn broses hon o rannu, deffrowyd syniad o botensial with his extraordinary 300-year-old lineage, its theatrical potential, and therefore in many yn ôl dros dri chanrif, a’i ddawn eiriol, ei theatrig yn y gymuned ac, yn hynny o beth, mae’r his wordsmith’s repartee, his witticisms and ways the ‘Story Shop’ has defined the project. ffraethineb a’i sylwadau treiddgar ar bresennol ‘Siop Straeon’ wedi dod i ddiffinio’r prosiect. illuminating insight into the town’s past and a gorffennol y dref, oedd y ffactor pennaf wrth present was the turning point in my search This work is not a re-enactment of historical i mi ystyried lleoliadau posib; o dipyn i beth, Nid ceisio ail-greu digwyddiadau hanesyddol for a location, and the town materialised as events, but a distilled experience, viewed from daeth yn amlwg bod Y Bermo’n lle perffaith ar ydw i ond ceisio cyflwyno profiad distyll, profiad the perfect place for a site-specific event. my perspective as a contemporary artist and gyfer gosodiad safle-benodol. Roedd Y Bermo, sy’n deillio o fy mhersbectif i fel artist cyfoes a Barmouth, the ‘Queen of the Cambrian coast’ as creative interpreter. ‘For Mountain, Sand & Sea’ ‘Brenhines arfordir Cambria’ yn ôl yr hen bosteri dehonglydd creadigol. Mae ‘For Mountain, Sand the vintage railway posters used to call it, had is a multi-sensory excursion that collapses rheilffordd, wedi fy swyno. & Sea’ yn daith amlsynhwyraidd sy’n chwalu bewitched me. time, re-imagines spaces and creates vignettes amser ac yn creu ‘vignettes’ sy’n ymwneud yn that aim to resonate visually, physically and Mae ‘For Mountain, Sand & Sea’ yn adleisio weledol, yn gorfforol ac yn farddonol â hanes ‘For Mountain, Sand & Sea’ echoes my previous poetically with the town’s history; it is an event fy mhrosiect blaenorol, ‘En Residencia’, y dref; mae’n ddigwyddiad a fydd, gobeithio, yn project, ‘En Residencia’, where I invited a that will hopefully galvanise the community into lle gwahoddais grwˆ p o artistiaid i ymateb annog y gymuned i ddathlu nodwedd amlycaf group of artists to respond to the archive, celebrating the town’s true shining attribute – yn greadigol i archifau, arteffactau a y dref – ei hunigrywiaeth. Mae’r Bermo, ei artefacts and architecture of a particular its uniqueness. Barmouth, its people, its past phensaernïaeth safle penodol yng ngogledd phobl, ei gorffennol a’i phresennol (y tu hwnt site in northern Spain. However, this time the and its present (beyond the garish plastic Sbaen. Y tro hwn, fodd bynnag, mae’r gosodiad i’r arteffactau ‘cyfoes’ o blastig rhad sydd intervention inhabits a whole town, not just one ‘contemporary’ artefacts packed onto the yn meddiannu tref gyfan yn hytrach nag un wedi’u pentyrru ar silffoedd y cyn-gapeli) yn lle primary location, and uses the vivid historical shelves of the former chapels) is a place like lleoliad penodol; yr archif gweledol hanesyddol digymar, a dw i’n gobeithio bod ‘For Mountain, pictorial archive that has been collated by the no other, and I hope that ‘For Mountain, Sand & a byw a gasglwyd gan y gymuned yw prif Sand & Sea’ yn llwyddo i ddal peth o’r ysbryd community as its main stimulus. My role is Sea’ captures and cements its distinctive spirit ysgogiad y gwaith. Mae fy rôl i’n debyg i rôl unigryw hwnnw – a’i ddiogelu ar gyfer y dyfodol. similar to that of an archaeologist, exhuming for posterity. archeolegydd, yn datguddio hanes Y Bermo, the history of Barmouth, sifting through layers yn twrio trwy’r haenau tywodlyd i ddarganfod, of sand to discover, identify and analyse fossils adnabod a dadansoddi ffosiliau – o ffaith a Marc Rees of fact or fiction which I then pass on to the ffuglen. Dw i’n rhoi’r ffosiliau hyn wedyn yn artists to deduce, re-animate and preserve nwylo’r artistiaid ac yn eu gwahodd i’w dehongli through performance. nhw, eu hadfywiocáu ac i sicrhau eu cynhaliaeth trwy gyfrwng perfformiad. nationaltheatrewales.org |?0=>{=8CD0?D<<;FH33 |A>4330==854276H=?D43<8>{=8{=0A54A20A8> >7>=>==8 H=0A50A2D338> BC¹;5027305H33A>14ACB H=H3D=4BA{D=0A<0BC>2:5>A3 <4F=55>A331H6HC78>; =4E4A5>A64CBF4;;8 20A=8E0;@D44= ($( 38 338F433 >43339 24AC08=;H20={C5>A64CC74 A0CCHH=27F0A0470??H C8<4F74=0=4;4?70=C 70A32>A40A140CB?4A 20<4C>C>F= 8F0B>=;H <8=DC4H=BF=8>54; 0C>33;4A1DCC74B867C>5 <0278=46D=H=7HCA027 B01D8=5D;;2>BCD<4>= =0<8FB82 >433?0F1H= 78B<06=85824=C4;4?70=C 4D30F=B4D7D=H=D=86 ?0A038=63>F=C747867 |8CF0B3DA8=6F0A u F40?>=BF44:*C74 H=670=>;HBF=0{A
“On Saturday last, from 900 to 1000 excursionists were brought here from Manchester, per the Great Western Railway. The day proving fine, all had an opportunity of making the best of time allowed them. Most of the excursionists chose to ramble up the mountains, and enjoyed themselves by gathering some of our beautiful wild mountain flowers; the ladies decorated their bonnets with them, and the gentlemen their hats, which had a very pretty effect, and at a distance might have been taken for a lot of moving flower pots...These excursionists were very orderly and well-behaved”
(Carmarthenshire & Denbighshire Herald, June 1, 1872)
Mawddach Monster
Stills from Barmouth Carnival, 1975. Filmed on super 8 by Bryan Jones. Monster costume by Tom Hughes. ON MARCH 2ND IN 1975, SIX SCHOOLGIRLS DESCRIBED A CREATURE THEY SAW IN BROAD DAYLIGHT. “It had a long neck and a square face and a long tail with a flipper at the back and its skin was black and patchy.’”
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nationaltheatrewales.org FOR MOUNTAIN, SAND & SEA / 07
By John Sam Jones
For 300 years, my family have lived on the Ers 300 mlynedd, bu fy nheulu’n byw ar lannau Mawddach. The woollen industry, shipbuilding afon Mawddach. Roedd y diwydiannau gwlân, and maritime trade offered opportunities to eke adeiladu llongau a masnach forwrol yn fodd out a living through the 18th and 19th Centuries. o grafu byw gydol y 18fed a’r 19eg Ganrif.
Between 1750 and 1865, some 318 ships were built on Rhwng 1750 a 1865, adeiladwyd rhyw 318 o longau ar the river; sloops, brigs, snows, barques, brigantines, yr afon; slwˆpiau, brigiau, cychod tair hwyl, barques, schooners. Standing today on the railway bridge brigantinau, sgwneri. Wrth sefyll heddiw ar bont y across the estuary, looking upstream, it’s hard to rheilffordd dros y foryd, ac edrych i fyny’r afon, mae hi’n imagine bustling shipyards along the riverbanks. Most anodd dychmygu iardiau llongau prysur ar hyd y glannau. of these vessels were coastal traders, but some of Roedd y rhan fwyaf o’r llongau hyn yn rhan o’r fasnach the larger brigs crossed the ocean carrying slate and arfordirol, ond roedd rhai o’r brigs mwy yn croesi’r locally woven webs of wool – bolts of cloth some 96 cefnfor, i gario llechi a gwlân hefyd, wedi’u wau’n lleol yards long and 27 inches wide – used to clothe slaves ac a ddefnyddid wedyn i ddilladu caethweision yn y in the Carolinas. My forefathers were carpenters Carolinas – bolltau o ddefnydd rhyw 96 llathen o hyd a and blacksmiths, weavers and rope-makers – until 27 modfedd o led. Roedd fy nghyndeidiau’n seiri coed a Porthmadog took over as the main port in northern gweithwyr metel, yn wehyddion a rhaff-wneuthurwyr – Cardigan Bay. But then, in 1867, the railway came to tan i Borthmadog ddod yn brif borthladd gogledd Bae town and a building programme began that was to Ceredigion. Ond yna, yn 1867, cyrhaeddodd y rheilffordd transform the small community of cottages that clung y dref ac fe gychwynnodd rhaglen o adeiladu a fyddai’n to the rock into a Victorian holiday resort of noble, trawsnewid cymuned fechan o fythynnod ar graig yn though some might say monstrous and graceless, blocks gyrchfan gwyliau Fictoraidd yn llawn o adeiladau ithfaen of granite. The women in the family became maids in y byddai rhai’n dweud eu bod yn nobl ac eraill yn mynnu guesthouses and shop assistants, women-of-ill-repute eu bod yn hyll a di-lun. Aeth gwragedd y teulu i weithio and chapped-fingered laundresses who draped the fel morwynion mewn gwestai ac fel cynorthwywyr siop, tourists’ cotton sheets over the gorse bushes to dry. merched amwys eu moesau a glanhawragedd a chroen Today’s fragranced fabric softeners can’t evoke the clean eu bysedd wedi sychu’n grimp. Fe daflent gynfasau freshness of the gorse blossom’s heady coconut scent. cotwm y twristiaid dros y perthi eithin i sychu. Nid yw’n cynhyrchion cemegol ni heddiw’n cyfleu rithyn o ffresni glân blodau’r eithin a’u harogl o gnau coco.
nationaltheatrewales.org NATIONAL THEATRE WALES / 08
Dad coughs his smoker’s 1976, my great auntie Ann and Mae Dad a’i beswch smygu Tan 1976, roedd fy hen fodryb cough in the bathroom; great uncle Will lived in that yn yr ystafell ymolchi; Mam, Ann a fy hen ewythr Will yn dal Mam, turned to the wall, roof space. As a boy, I did their yn wynebu’r wal, yn ymaflyd i fyw yna, yn y to. Yn fachgen, struggles with the clasp errands (which always included â chaead ei bronglwm. awn i nôl neges iddyn nhw (a on her bra. fetching the tobacco for Ann’s fyddai’n cynnwys bob amser clay pipe) and took them Dw i’n gorwedd yng ngwres dybaco ar gyfer cetyn clai Ann) I lie in the warmth of their cakes and tarts made by my eu gwely – mewn cywilydd a mynd â chacenni a thartiau bed – a shamed three-year-old, grandmother – their sister-in- teirblwydd oed, wedi gwlychu’r iddynt gan fy nain – eu chwaer- having wet my mattress during law. As a seven-week-old baby, gwely ganol nos. Mae clic yng-nghyfraith. Yn fabi saith the night. The click and clack in the early summer of 1956, I clac sodlau uchel y merched wythnos yn haf 1956, cariwyd fi of the girls’ stilettos on the was carried into that roof space ar balmentydd y stad cyngor i’r ystafell honno yn y to i Hen pavements of the new council for Hen Nain to see me; she newydd yn cynyddu ac yn Nain gael fy ngweld; roedd hi’n estate get louder, competing was my grandfather’s aunt, but cystadlu â’r gwylanod a swˆn fodryb i fy nhaid ond Hen Nain with the seagulls and Dad’s everyone in the family called peswch Dad. Weithiau mae oedd hi i bawb yn y teulu. Wedi coughing. Sometimes the point her ‘great gran’. After the death metel un o’r sodlau’n crafu ar marwolaeth ei merch, Gwen, of a metal heel scrapes on a of her once-wealthy-but-much- y concrit – clic-clac-clic-clac- fu’n gyfoethog ar un adeg ond a concrete paving slab – click- diminished-by-circumstances clic-crch. Yn y ffatri, maen nhw’n gollodd dipyn go lew o’i ffortiwn, clack-click-clack-click-rasp. In daughter Gwen, Hen Nain sat gwisgo esgidiau mwy synhwyrol eisteddodd Hen Nain trwy’r dydd the factory, they’ll put on more all day in one of Gwen’s fur ac wedi’u boddi yn sent rhad yr yn gwisgo un o gotiau ffwr Gwen. sensible shoes, and the Elephant coats, bought from the classiest Elephant Chemical Company. Fe’i prynwyd gan ei mab-yng- Chemical Company’s cheap scent Birmingham furrier during the Weithiau, os yw’r gwynt yn nghyfraith, i’w wraig newydd, yn will souse them. You can smell 1920s by her rich son-in-law for chwythu o’r cyfeiriad iawn, r’ych siop ffyriwr drutaf Birmingham the factory girls coming before his new bride. chi’n gallu arogleuo merched y yn ugeiniau’r 20fed ganrif. you can hear their stilettos ffatri hyd yn cyn i chi glywed clack if the breeze is in the right clac eu stiletos. direction. Because of its dramatic Oherwydd ei leoliad location, Barmouth has dramatig, mae’r Bermo drawn ‘visitors’ for many Mae Mam yn adrodd y stori wedi denu ‘ymwelwyr’ Mam tells the story so generations, some of whom mor aml, a hithau’n colli ers cenedlaethau lawer often, now she’s demented, decide to stay. arni, fel y gallwn dyngu – a rhai ohonyn nhw’n that I almost believe it’s mai un o f’atgofion i ydyw… penderfynu aros. my memory… being cradled In the early 1860s, the wealthy cael fy nghrudo gan hen by a 91-year-old in a mangy Talbot family settled in Tyˆ’n y wraig 91 oed mewn hen got Yn yr 1860au, setlodd teulu fur coat. Ffynnon, the very large house ffwr glafrllyd. cyfoethog y Talbots yn Nhyˆ’n (rebuilt in the 1970s) at the top y Ffynnon, y plasty enwog (a Stand on the harbour with your of the old town. Once widowed, Sefwch ar yr harbwr, â’ch cefn ailadeiladwyd yn yr 1970au) back to the river’s wide mouth Fanny Talbot dedicated much at aber eang yr afon ac mae holl ar dop yr hen dref. Yn wraig and the Davy Jones’ Locker of her considerable wealth fwrlwm Davy Jones’ Locker yn weddw, cyfrannodd Fanny Talbot spills its bustle onto the wide to philanthropy. In 1895, she gorlifo dros y pafin llydan. Bu’r lawer o’i harian at weithgarwch pavement. It’s been a café for donated the ‘Fortress of Light’, lle’n gaffi ers cyn co’ ac, ers dyngarol. Ym 1895 rhoddodd y as long as I can remember and the hillside above her home, yr 1980au, mae’r gofod i fyny’r ‘Fortress of Light’, y bryncyn since the 1980s, the upstairs known locally as Dinas Oleu, grisiau’n arddangos arteffactau uwchben ei chartref (‘Dinas museum displays artefacts to the National Trust – its first o longddrylliad y Bronze Bell. Ym Oleu’ i’r trigolion lleol), i’r from the wreck of the Bronze property! “I have long wanted 1565, pan sefydlodd Elizabeth Ymddiriedolaeth Genedlaethol Bell. In 1565, when Elizabeth I to secure for the public for I archwiliad o borthladdoedd – ei eiddo cyntaf! “I have long instituted a survey of the havens ever the enjoyment of Dinas a chilfachau arfordirol yng wanted to secure for the public and creeks of Wales in an effort Oleu, but wish to put it to the Nghymru, er mwyn ceisio for ever the enjoyment of Dinas to suppress piracy, this building, custody of some society that diddymu môr-ladrata, roedd Oleu, but wish to put it to the Tyˆ Gwyn, was one of only will never vulgarise it… and yr adeilad hwn, Tyˆ Gwyn, yn custody of some society that four buildings in Abermowe. it appears to me that your un o ddim ond pedwar adeilad will never vulgarise it… and Architecturally, it’s a ‘first floor association has been born in yn Abermowe. O safbwynt it appears to me that your hall house’, built by Gruffudd the nick of time…” she said pensaernïol, ‘first floor hall association has been born in Fechan of Cors y Gedol Hall, in granting the gift. Some house’ ydyw, a adeiladwyd gan the nick of time…” meddai wrth Dyffryn, in 1460. In Victorian 20 years earlier, she gifted Gruffudd Fechan o Neuadd Cors y gyhoeddi’r rhodd. Rhyw 20 times, it was converted to a to John Ruskin’s Guild of St Gedol, Dyffryn, ym 1460. Yn Oes mlynedd cyn hynny, rhoddodd multiple-occupation dwelling. George an acre of rocky ground Victoria, cafodd ei drawsnewid i Urdd San Siôr John Ruskin Imagine, if you can, a small together with some cottages. yn dyˆ amlbreswyliaeth. erw o dir creigiog ynghyd ag window in the gable – that Ruskin conceived the Guild Dychmygwch, os gallwch chi, ambell i fwthyn. Roedd Ruskin small triangle of wall between as a means of transforming a ffenest fechan yn nhalcen y wedi sefydlu’r Urdd fel modd the edges of the sloping roof. declining Britain into a utopian tyˆ – y triongl bach o fur rhwng o drawsnewid Prydain oedd yn Behind that window, in a fantasy – a world where art ymylon y to. Y tu ôl i’r ffenest mynd â’i phen iddi yn ffantasi Dickensian hovel within the roof and life were to merge as honno, mewn ystafell dlawd iwtopaidd – byd lle byddai space, my grandfather, with his one. Money itself would be an Ddickensaidd, roedd fy nhaid celfyddyd a bywyd yn un. mother and his half brothers object of beauty. Each trade yn byw, gyda’i fam, ei hanner- Byddai arian ei hun yn wrthrych and sisters, his aunt and her and profession was to have brodyr a chwiorydd, ei fodryb hardd. Byddai i bob crefft a three children – nine people in its own distinctive costume. a’i thri o blant hi – naw ohonyn phroffesiwn ei wisg unigryw ei all – lived in some squalor. Until Work would be carried out by nhw i gyd – mewn tlodi difrifol. hun. Cwblheid gwaith â llaw,
nationaltheatrewales.org FOR MOUNTAIN, SAND & SEA / 09
hand, without machines and Basil Fawlty mentioned the heb beiriannau a’u llygredd. Darwin â’r lle ar fwy nag un their accompanying pollution. war despite himself, and Byddai’r gwaith amaethyddol achlysur – a chasglu chwilod The mainly agricultural work that 1975 episode of Fawlty yn cael ei gwblhau am yn ail yma hyd yn oed. Daeth yr would be interspersed with folk Towers remains for me one â gwyliau gwerin. “We will Illingworths hefyd – rhieni’r festivals. “We will try to take of the funniest. try to take some small piece cricedwr enwog… fe arhoson nhw some small piece of English of English ground, beautiful, yn B&B Mam a Dad ym 1965! ground, beautiful, peaceful I’ve lived with a German for peaceful and fruitful. We will and fruitful. We will have no almost 25 years and I remember, have no steam-engines upon it, steam-engines upon it, and in the early days of our romance, and no railroads; we will have Doedd Basil Fawlty ddim yn no railroads; we will have trying to explain the significance no untended or unthought-of gallu peidio sôn am y rhyfel, no untended or unthought-of of ‘Don’t mention the war’… but creatures on it; none wretched, er siarsio pawb arall i beidio creatures on it; none wretched, sick British humour just didn’t but the sick; none idle, but â gwneud, ac mae’r bennod but the sick; none idle, but the seem funny. Many who lived out the dead.” Aeth diwygiwr honno o Fawlty Towers dead.” An exiled French social the days of the Second World cymdeithasol Ffrengig o’r enw gyda’r doniolaf i mi o hyd. reformer, Auguste Guyard, one War in Barmouth talk about the Auguste Guyard, oedd yn un o of the residents of the Guild in town having had a ‘good’ war. breswylwyr yr Urdd yn y Bermo, Dw i wedi byw gydag Almaenwr Barmouth, cultivated rare herbs With all the military training ati i geisio tyfu perlysiau a ers bron i 25 mlynedd a dw and trees on the hostile soil, camps in the vicinity, many choed prin yn y tir diffrwyth i’n cofio, yn nyddiau cynnar and went some way towards local businesses thrived, and of ac fe lwyddodd, i raddau, i ein carwriaeth, ceisio esbonio achieving Ruskin’s vision of course, the cinemas and dance wireddu delfryd Ruskin o adfer arwyddocâd ‘Don’t mention the land restoration. He’s reputed to halls flourished; with young y tir. Dywedir iddo ddysgu nifer war’… ond doedd hiwmor tywyll have taught many local peasant men from across the empire o’r gwragedd lleol sut i wneud Prydeinig ddim fel petai’n rhyw women how to make soup using billeted locally, and French cawl â physgod cragen ac â ddoniol iawn. Mae nifer o’r foraged herbs, mushrooms and sailors stranded after the fall pherlysiau a madarch y caent rheiny oedd yn byw yn y Bermo shellfish – but the chippies of France, the town was a hyd iddyn nhw yn y caeau. adeg yr Ail Ryfel Byd yn dweud and the fast food kiosks leave cosmopolitan hive of activity, Erbyn hyn, fodd bynnag, mae ei bod hi’n ‘rhyfel dda’ i’r dref. today’s foodies wondering what doubtless spiced with a good bwyd-garwyr yr ardal yn gorfod Gyda’r holl wersylloedd milwrol happened to this French culinary dash of testosterone-fuelled gwneud y tro â’r siopau tsips yn yr ardal, roedd hi’n gyfnod heritage. The Frenchman’s Grave bawdiness. But Barmouth has a’r kiosks bwyd a ddaeth yn llewyrchus i nifer o fusnesau is high up on the ‘Fortress of its own episode that’s best not ddigon buan i ddisodli’r cuisine lleol ac, wrth gwrs, roedd y Light’, above the old town. mentioned – at least not for as Ffrengig. Mae Bedd y Ffrancwr sinemâu a’r neuaddau dawns yn long as some of the protagonists ar dir uchel Dinas Oleu, aml yn llawn; rhwng y milwyr are still alive. So don’t mention uwchben yr hen dref. ifainc a ddaethai i’r fan o bedwar Today the ‘visitors’ come for the ‘Battle of Barmouth’! Don’t ban yr ymerodraeth a llongwyr the beach and the motorbike call to mind the local youths o Ffrainc oedd yn sownd yng rally, the three-peaks yacht who stole guns and live Y dyddiau hyn daw Nghymru wedi cwymp eu gwlad race and the fish and chips, ammunition from the armoury ‘ymwelwyr’ i weld y traeth, eu hun, roedd y dref yn fwrlwm and went up into the hills behind rali beiciau modur a ras o weithgarwch cosmopolitan. the fine hiking in the Rhinogs the town to shoot rabbits! Don’t y cychod hwylio, i flasu’r Roedd yr holl destosteron and to cycle the Mawddach Trail, evoke the memory of the blind pysgod a’r sglodion, oedd o gwmpas y lle yn joch o the pound-shops in converted panic that spread through the rialtwch anniwair hefyd... Ond chapels and even an ‘all-over’ town like a rash as fears of an i gerdded bryniau’r Rhinog ac i mae yna un bennod yn hanes Y tan on the nudist beach a few enemy attack were realized… seiclo ar hyd afon Mawddach, i Bermo y mae’n well peidio â sôn miles to the north. In the 1950s, just don’t mention it! chwilota yn y siopau punt sydd amdani – ddim tra bydd rhai o’r the Daily Mirror sent regular wedi agor yn yr hen gapeli, hyd rheiny a chwaraeodd brif rannau coach-loads of curvaceous yn oed i gael lliw haul dros ynddi’n dal yn fyw, beth bynnag. red-heads to parade along the Drunks on the streets at eu cyrff cyfan ar y traeth i Peidiwch â sôn, felly, am Frwydr promenade in bathing suits (and night aren’t just a supposed noethlymunwyr rai milltiroedd Y Bermo! Peidiwch â dwyn i persuade calamine-lotioned, symptom of Mr Cameron’s i’r gogledd. Yn ystod y 1950au, gof y llanciau lleol a ddygodd handkerchief-headed lechers ‘broken Britain’. danfonodd y Daily Mirror lond ddrylliau a bwledi o’r storfa to buy the rag); the Ginger sawl coets o genod pengoch arfau ac a aeth i fyny i’r bryniau Snaps were a welcome splash There was great concern about mewn siwtiau nofio i gerdded i saethu cwningod! Peidiwch â of glamour in those post-war public drunkenness in Barmouth hyd a lled y prom (ac i annog sôn am y panig gwyllt a ledodd days. The Shelleys, Percy and in the 1830s and in 1834 Tyˆ dynion â hancesi poced ar eu trwy’r boblogaeth leol wrth i’r Mary, came to town in 1812, Crwn or the Round House pennau a calamine lotion ar holl bryderon am ymosodiad gan and were apparently ‘taken with was built as a lock-up – two eu breichiau i brynu’r rhacsyn); y gelyn gael eu gwireddu… jyst it’. William Wordsworth was cells, one for men and one for roedd y ‘Ginger Snaps’ yn fflach peidiwch â sôn! more effusive; he took a boat women. You’ll find Tyˆ Crwn just o liw yn nyddiau llwm y cyfnod one day in 1824, rowed up the up the hill to the left of Davy wedi’r rhyfel. Daeth y Shelleys, estuary and gushed with poetic Jones’ Locker. Today, the area Percy a Mary, i’r dref yn 1812 a Nid yn ‘broken Britain’ enthusiasm. Charles Darwin surrounding the old lock-up chymryd at y lle, mae’n debyg. honedig Mr Cameron yn unig visited more than once – and has been landscaped, but when Roedd William Wordsworth hyd y mae meddwon ar y stryd even collected beetles here. I was a kid there were dunes yn oed yn fwy canmoliaethus; gyda’r nos yn broblem. The Illingworths came too – the and rocky outcrops – and it’s un diwrnod ym 1824 aeth ar famous cricketer’s mum and where a gang of us played gwch rhwyfo i fyny’r foryd – Roedd yna gryn bryder ynglyˆn dad… they stayed in my mam ‘best for dying’. There’s an art nes gorlifo gan frwdfrydedd â meddwdod cyhoeddus yn and dad’s B&B in 1965! to dying – or so the films we barddonol. Ymwelodd Charles y Bermo yn yr 1830au ac yn
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watched in the Pavilion Cinema of it – at almost three times 1834 adeiladwyd y Tyˆ Crwn i tymereddau o 5ºC neu lai a would suggest – electrocution the weight of even the largest garcharu meddwon afreolus deifio i ddyfnderoedd o fwy nag like Oddjob in Goldfinger or giant tortoises he found on the – roedd yna ddwy gell, un i 1km… maen nhw’n ymwelwyr multiple stabbing like poor Galapagos? You can see it for ddynion ac un i ferched. Mae’r cyson â Bae Ceredigion ac yn Marion Crane in Psycho, a Zulu yourself at the National Museum Tyˆ Crwn i fyny’r bryn o Davy gwledda ar y sglefrod môr spear through the heart, an in Cardiff. Jones’ Locker ac erbyn heddiw niferus. Mae rhan uchaf eu gên Apache arrow piercing the brain mae’r ardal gerllaw’r hen yn rhiciau i gyd ac mae ganddynt through an eye socket, Japanese garchardy yn wair i gyd. Ond ddau gorn hefyd – fe allan nhw water torture… they all offered Every town has its pan oeddwn i’n blentyn roedd edrych yn ddigon brawychus, possibilities for dramatic falls characters. yno dwyni tywod a chreigiau mae’n wir. Crwban lledraidd from a rock and a tumble down – a dyna lle y byddai grwˆp oedd y môr-grwban mwyaf a a sand dune. Don’t be surprised If you’d walked along the ohonom ni’n ceisio perffeithio’r welwyd erioed – cafwyd hyd if, walking through town on a promenade on a sunny day ‘grefft o farw’. Efelychu’r iddo’n farw ar draeth Harlech, Saturday night after the pubs during any of the summers of ffilmiau a welem yn Sinema’r ychydig i’r gogledd o’r Bermo, ym have shut, you stumble across the early 20th Century, there’s Pavilion yr oeddem – Oddjob yn 1988. Bron i dri metr o hyd ac yn kids, prostrate in drink, still every chance you’d have heard Goldfinger yn cael ei drydanu, pwyso 916kg – roedd yn dipyn playing best for dying. Not much Dafydd Roberts singing to the neu Marion Crane druan yn o anghenfil! Beth fyddai barn chance of these drunks being harp; many knew him as Telynor cael ei thrywanu dan y gawod Mr Darwin arno tybed – bron i dumped in the lock-up for the Mawddwy – but most referred yn Psycho, gwaywffon Zulu deirgwaith yn drymach na hyd night though – Tyˆ Crwn closed to him as the ‘blind harpist’. trwy’r galon, saeth Apache yn yn oed y mwyaf o’r crwbanod a its doors as a gaol in 1861. Throughout the 1930s, Finnegan rhwyllo’r ymennydd, artaith welodd ar Ynysoedd Galapagos? the Fruiterer could have sold ddwˆr Japaneaidd… roedd pob un Fe allwch chi weld yr anghenfil you some apples from his yn gyfle heb ei ail i gwympo’n drosoch eich hun erbyn hyn, yn Wales has its share of barrow and during the middle of ddramatig oddi ar graig a rholio yr Amgueddfa Genedlaethol yng mythical monsters. the century you may have come i lawr y twyni tywod. Peidiwch Nghaerdydd. across Glyn Y Glo, the coal dust â synnu os gwelwch chi, wrth The Afanc, perhaps the most disguising his good looks, Griff Y gerdded trwy’r dre’ ar nos well known, is a lake dweller, Bara, the flour from the bakery Sadwrn ar ôl i’r tafarnau gau, Mae gan bob tref ei and lives in different lakes, in his hair, and Robin the Milk. bobl ifainc, yn eu diod, yn ceisio chymeriadau. depending on where you live. And then there was Mary-Monte- perffeithio o hyd y grefft o But perhaps the Mawddach has Carlo – did she win or lose at farw. Ond mae hi’n annhebygol Pe tasech chi wedi cerdded ar its own monster! In 1937, a the casino tables? I never really y caiff y meddwon hyn eu rhoi hyd y prom ar ddiwrnod braf yn local man claimed that he saw knew her story. As children, we i dreulio’r nos yn y Tyˆ Crwn – ystod unrhyw un o hafau cyfnod a ‘crocodile-like’ creature from all knew the simple mealtime fe beidiodd hwnnw â bod yn cynnar yr 20fed ganrif, fe fyddech the riverbank and in 1975 six grace written by the headmaster garchar ym 1861. chi wedi clywed Dafydd Roberts schoolgirls saw a ‘monster’ that of the primary school; W D yn canu i gyfeiliant ei delyn ei they described as having ‘a long Williams was no amateur hun, mwya’ tebyg; i rai, ef oedd neck and a square face and a poet – he won the chair at the Mae gan Gymru ei siâr o Telynor Mawddwy ond, i’r rhan long tail with a flipper at the Newtown National Eisteddfod angenfilod mytholegol. fwyaf, y ‘telynor dall’ ydoedd. back and its skin was black and in 1965. Even today, children in Gydol yr 1930au, fe allai Finnegan patchy’. Were these sightings of schools across Wales still recite Mae’r Afanc, y mwyaf Ffrwyth fod wedi gwerthu Leatherback turtles perhaps? Mr Williams’ englyn – O Dad yn adnabyddus efallai, yn byw afalau i chi o’i ferfa ac, yn ystod The Leatherback is the largest of deulu dedwydd – before their mewn llynnoedd – rhai blynyddoedd canol y ganrif, mae’n the marine turtles and gets its school dinner. gwahanol, yn dibynnu ar lle debyg y byddech chi wedi dod ar name from the black (sometimes r’ych chi’n byw. Ond mae gan draws Glyn Y Glo, y llwch du’n blotchy), leathery skin that afon Mawddach ei hanghenfil ei cuddio’i wyneb golygus, Griff Y covers its back – the only sea hun, o bosib! Ym 1937 honnodd Bara, â blawd y popty yn ei wallt, turtle species not to have a hard dyn lleol iddo weld ‘creadur fel a Robin Llaeth. A Mary Monte shell. They are unique amongst crocodeil’ o’r lan ac ym 1975 Carlo wedyn – ai ennill neu golli reptiles in that they have some dywedodd chwe merch ysgol wnaeth hi wrth fyrddau’r casino? internal control over their own iddyn nhw weld ‘anghenfil’ ag Doeddwn i byth yn siwˆr iawn o’i body temperature and can forage iddo ‘wddf hir, wyneb sgwâr, hanes hi. Yn blant, roeddem yn in temperatures lower than 5ºC, cynffon hir â flipper a chroen gyfarwydd bob un â’r pennill gras diving to depths of over 1km… du, clytiog’. Ai môr-grwbanod a gyfansoddwyd gan ein prifathro so they are frequent visitors lledraidd oedd y rhain o bosib? i’w gyd-adrodd cyn cinio; ond nid to Cardigan Bay feeding on the Y môr-grwban lledraidd yw’r bardd amatur mo W D Williams abundant jellyfish. Their heads mwyaf o’r crwbanod morol ac – enillodd Gadair Eisteddfod have a deeply notched upper mae ei enw’n deillio o’r croen Genedlaethol y Drenewydd ym jaw with two cusps, and can du, lledraidd (clytiog weithiau 1965. Ac hyd y dydd heddiw look very scary. The largest sea hefyd) sy’n cuddio’i gefn – ef mae plant mewn ysgolion ledled turtle ever recorded was a male yw’r unig fôr-grwban nad Cymru yn cyd-adrodd englyn Leatherback, found dead on the oes ganddo gragen galed. Fel Mr Williams – O Dad yn deulu beach at Harlech, just north of ymlusgiaid maen nhw’n unigryw dedwydd – cyn eu ciniawau ysgol. Barmouth, in 1988. Almost three – nhw yw’r unig rai sy’n gallu meters long and weighing 916kg, rheoli i raddau dymheredd it was a bit of a monster! What mewnol eu cyrff. Maen nhw’n would Mr Darwin have made gallu chwilio am fwyd mewn
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26 31 36 41 46
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Index of Archive images
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01 26 Dolphin rescue 1965 Local mariners 1885
02 27 R.N.L.B. ‘Chieftan’ naming Miss Publicity, Carnival 1964 ceremony 1949 28 03 Old Barmouth Carnival 1960 29 04 W.D. Richards & E.D. Jones circa 1960 Dancing class 1952 30 05 The harbour circa 1869 Fishing trip with Robert Henry Williams 1920 31 Marianne Farningham with 06 companion circa 1900 Sangers Circus 1980 32 07 Mothers’ Union Aberamffra circa 1880 33 08 Norma Griffith Carnival Queen 1959 Carnival 1969 34 How do you design for a series of performances that are spread 09 The Works steam engine 1930 throughout a town and encompass church halls, hillsides, huts, Hugh Roberts beach patrol 1968 35 beaches, benches, bridges, streets, shop fronts, amusement arcades, 10 Elephant Chemical Company discos, an enigmatic past and a dead elephant? Drawing these John Richards, ‘Gorllwyn’ 1942 Employee together is to first know what these places, topographies and 11 36 histories signify to Marc and me, and what they mean to the people ‘Sabu’ the Elephant boy 1938 Marguerite Jones, Summer 1948 of Barmouth. ‘For Mountain, Sand and Sea’ charts the conveyance 12 37 of these interpretations to an audience who experience a journey of Cambrian Establishment 1913 Military boxing 1941 encounters and interventions throughout the town. 13 38 Carnival Queen Norah Hamer 1932 Powell & Son shop, Beach Road 1922 The breadth of this undertaking has led to a creative and ongoing engagement in understanding this very unique seaside settlement 14 39 Egg & spoon race, 1952 The ‘Hen Blas’ Inn, The Rock and possible suitable design approaches. Equally important are the dramaturgical challenges of the performances, their interconnectivity 15 40 Joanie & Lemuel Williams W.V.S Demonstration 1953 and their relationship to specific sites within and around the town. with Paul & Lisa 1963 Fittingly, the design of ‘For Mountain, Sand and Sea’ is eclectic in its 41 16 Tommy Griffith & Will Lewis 1928 formulisation, where the ideas created range from a table to seat 50 ‘The Blind Harpist’ people, a cinema-size projection screen of archival images, an ‘arena’ Dafydd Roberts 1949 42 Mary Williams, Hotel Maid 1922 made from multi-coloured windbreakers, numerous objects bought 17 for a pound and a life-size wooden boat kit. Captain Williams Davies, 43 ‘Caprera’ 1824-1890 Sassie Rees
Barmouth is one of those rare coastal towns where the mountains 18 44 and sea have shaped its history, carved its dwellings from stone, Early carnival Promenade 1967 and set the vessels it has built out to sail. Boat construction has 19 45 long been part of Barmouth’s rich maritime history, and as such Cedric Griffith 1959 Women’s Institute 1933 is perhaps the most resonant image guiding our design intent. Not 20 46 unlike the plastic model kits of fighter jets, PT boats, Panzer tanks William D.Griffith and Nan Mari & Richard Williams, and jeeps from such famous brands as Revell or Airfix, our boat kit the ‘Enterprise’ 1950 Carnival 1953 is an unassembled wooden variation. Cut from sheets of ply, the 21 47 design uses both the positive forms of boat parts (ribbing, decking, 1889 Barmouth football team Mary Anthony ‘Malan’ Jones 1935 cabin, sails) and the negative leftovers to create 2D installations. 22 48 The positive boat sections create a type of frieze in the old church Harbormaster, Captain John Lewis W.R.E.N.S. Beryl Morris, 1943 hall that serves as the hub or embarkation point for the main event. 23 49 The negative sections are installed on an outdoor concrete plateau Chari Roberts, butcher 1950 Thomas Peter Evans & dog Luger 1974 that invites the audience to move through and re-construct views of 24 50 the town and surrounding environment of mountains, sand and sea, Ellis Ivor Evans 1950 Williams Shop, High Street 1928 offering an alternative perspective. 25 Lifeboat crew 1921 Benedict Anderson
nationaltheatrewales.org PHOTOGRAPHIC ARCHIVIST HUGH G. ROBERTS |?0=>{=8CD0?D<<;FH33 |A>4330==854276H=?D43<8>{=8{=0A54A20A8> >7>=>==8 H=0A50A2D338> BC¹;5027305H33A>14ACB H=H3D=4BA{D=0A<0BC>2:5>A3 <4F=55>A331H6HC78>; =4E4A5>A64CBF4;;8 20A=8E0;@D44= ($( 38 338F433 >43339 24AC08=;H20={C5>A64CC74 A0CCHH=27F0A0470??H C8<4F74=0=4;4?70=C 70A32>A40A140CB?4A 20<4C>C>F= 8F0B>=;H <8=DC4H=BF=8>54; 0C>33;4A1DCC74B867C>5 <0278=46D=H=7HCA027 B01D8=5D;;2>BCD<4>= =0<8FB82 >433?0F1H= 78B<06=85824=C4;4?70=C 4D30F=B4D7D=H=D=86 ?0A038=63>F=C747867 |8CF0B3DA8=6F0A u F40?>=BF44:*C74 H=670=>;HBF=0{A
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Artist Index
Cai Tomos CT caitomos.com
Marc Rees MR r-i-p-e.co.uk
Guillermo Weickert GW guillermoweickert.com
Marega Palser MP mrandmrsclark.co.uk
Gareth Clark GC mrandmrsclark.co.uk
Holly Davey HD hollydavey.com
BENEDICT ANDERSON BA thinkbuild.com
nationaltheatrewales.org nationaltheatrewales.org/community Our theatrical adventure across Wales continues. Share your journey with us online, any time at Remember to collect your stamp form the box office, nationaltheatrewales.org/community and if you see all 12 shows we will refund you the total cost of your tickets. For full terms and conditions please visit nationaltheatrewales.org/passport
A Good Night out Shelf Life in the valleys
For The devil Mountain, inside him sand & sea
The The Beach Persians
Love Steals The Dark Us From Philosophers Loneliness
The The Soul Weather Exchange Factory
OutDoors Mundo (Working Title) Paralelo