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IPP449 Vol. 3 DRAFT Government of Nepal Ministry of Physical Planning and Works Department of Roads Public Disclosure Authorized ROAD SECTOR DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (New Project Preparation and Supervision Services) (IDA GRANT NO: H339 – NEP) Socio-economic Baseline Study Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized MMM Group Ltd. (Canada) in JV with SAI Consulting Engineers (P) Ltd. (India) in association with Public Disclosure Authorized ITECO Nepal (P) Ltd. (Nepal) & Total Management Services (Nepal) September 2010 Social Assessment August 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SOCIAL ECONOMIC BASELINE OF ROAD SECTOR DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (RSDP) ....................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Background ................................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 Road Lengths and Design Standards from the TOR ...................................... 1-2 1.3 Objectives ...................................................................................................... 1-2 1.3.1 General objective: ............................................................................................ 1-2 1.3.2 Specific objectives: ........................................................................................... 1-3 1.3.3 Scope of Work .................................................................................................. 1-3 1.4 Methodology .................................................................................................. 1-4 1.4.1 Reconnaissance survey: .................................................................................. 1-4 1.4.2 Sampling .......................................................................................................... 1-4 1.4.3 Sampling Strategy for the Survey .................................................................... 1-5 1.4.4 Selection of Enumeration Areas (Cluster Sampling) ........................................ 1-5 1.4.5 Sampling Size and categorization of the respondents ..................................... 1-5 1.4.6 Sample of control zone: ................................................................................... 1-5 1.5 Census survey: .............................................................................................. 1-5 1.6 Group interview and Focus Group Discussion ............................................... 1-5 1.6.1 Public Consultation ........................................................................................... 1-5 1.6.2 Observation ...................................................................................................... 1-6 1.7 The Road Projects ......................................................................................... 1-6 1.8 Socio-demographic characteristics of the project districts .............................. 1-6 1.8.1 Religious Composition of the population in the Project districts ...................... 1-7 1.8.2 Poverty Profiles of the Project Districts ............................................................ 1-7 1.8.3 Income sources of the project districts ............................................................. 1-9 1.8.4 Demographic features of the sampled households ........................................ 1-10 1.8.5 Ethnic Composition in the project areas......................................................... 1-10 1.8.6 Literacy status of the households ................................................................... 1-11 1.8.7 Occupation of the project area people ........................................................... 1-11 1.8.8 Land holding size in the project area: ............................................................ 1-12 1.8.9 Land Use and Agriculture ............................................................................... 1-12 1.8.10 Landownership Status .................................................................................... 1-13 1.8.11 Owner Cultivators in all Road Sections .......................................................... 1-13 1.8.12 Tenancy status ............................................................................................... 1-13 1.8.13 Cropping pattern in the project areas ............................................................. 1-14 2. SOCIAL ECONOMIC BASELINE OF GOKULESHWOR- THAKTHOLI ..... 2-1 2.1 Socio-economic Analysis ............................................................................... 2-1 2.1.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 2-1 2.1.2 Age and sex of the sampled household heads: ............................................... 2-1 2.1.3 Ethnic composition ........................................................................................... 2-1 2.1.4 Marital status of the respondents ..................................................................... 2-2 2.1.5 Literacy status of the Respondents: ................................................................. 2-2 2.1.6 Occupation of the sampled household heads .................................................. 2-3 2.2 Economy ....................................................................................................... 2-3 2.2.1 Occupation of the family members ................................................................... 2-3 2.2.2 Land use and agriculture .................................................................................. 2-4 2.2.3 Average land holding size in the project areas ................................................ 2-4 2.2.4 Income and poverty status of the area ............................................................. 2-5 2.2.5 Expenditure Pattern.......................................................................................... 2-6 2.2.6 Food sufficiency status ..................................................................................... 2-7 Road Sector Development Project, (IDA Grant No: H339-NEP) New Project Preparation & Supervision Page i Social Assessment August 2010 2.2.7 Food management ........................................................................................... 2-8 2.3 Migration ........................................................................................................ 2-8 2.3.1 Internal migration pattern of the households .................................................... 2-8 2.3.2 Reasons for migration ...................................................................................... 2-8 2.3.3 Out migration .................................................................................................... 2-9 2.3.4 Reasons and duration of out migration: ......................................................... 2-10 2.4 Access to Social Services ............................................................................ 2-10 2.4.1 Education ....................................................................................................... 2-10 2.4.2 Health ............................................................................................................. 2-11 2.4.3 Market centers ................................................................................................ 2-12 2.4.4 District headquarters ...................................................................................... 2-12 2.5 Gender Issues ............................................................................................. 2-12 2.5.1 Property right Status of Women ..................................................................... 2-13 2.6 Child labor ................................................................................................... 2-13 2.7 Vulnerable Communities .............................................................................. 2-14 2.8 General attitude towards the road project and acceptance of the people ..... 2-15 2.8.1 Reasons of acceptance .................................................................................. 2-15 2.8.2 Assumed Negative Impacts of the road project: ............................................ 2-16 3. SOCIAL ECONOMIC BASELINE OF THAKTHOLI-DARCHULA ............... 3-1 3.1 Socio-economic Analysis ............................................................................... 3-1 3.1.1 Introduction: ...................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.2 Age and sex of the sampled household heads: ............................................... 3-1 3.1.3 Ethnic Composition: ......................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.4 Marital status of the respondents ..................................................................... 3-2 3.1.5 Literacy status of the Respondents: ................................................................. 3-3 3.1.6 Occupation of the sampled household heads .................................................. 3-3 3.2 Economy ....................................................................................................... 3-3 3.2.1 Occupation of the family members ................................................................... 3-3 3.2.2 Land use and agriculture .................................................................................. 3-4 3.2.3 Average land holding size in the project areas: ............................................... 3-4 3.2.4 Income and poverty status of the area ............................................................
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