DOCSLIB.ORG

The Wild Elephant and the Method of Capturing and Taming It in Ceylon

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Wild Elephant and the Method of Capturing and Taming It in Ceylon 7^ A/cu. /U'^ ly THE WILD ELEPHANT, LONDON PRINTED BY SPOTTISWOODE AND CO. NEW-STREET SQUARE : 796 WILD ELEPHANT THE METHOD OF CAPTURING AND TAMING IT IN CEYLON. SIR EMERSON TENNENT, Bart. J.•^ 'If' K.C.S. LL.D. F.R.S. &c. AUTHOR OF " CEYLON, AN ACCOUNT OF THE ISLAND. PHYSICAL, HISTORICAL, AND TOPOGRAPHICAL," ETC. LONDON LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO. 1867. ; TO MY INTELLIGENT COMPANION IN MANY OF THE JOURNEYS THROUGHOUT THE MOUNTAINS AND FORESTS OF CEYLON, IN THE COURSE OF WHICH MUCH OF THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS VOLUME WAS COLLECTED ; TO MAJOR SKINNER, CHIEF COMMISSIONER OF ROADS AND PUBLIC WORKS, ETC. ETC. ONE OF THE MOST EXPERIENCED AND VALUAllLE SERVANTS OF THE CROWN IT IS INSCRIBED, IN THE HOPE THAT IT ALA.Y RECALL TO HIM THE PLEASANT MEMORIES WHICH IT AWAKES IN ME. PREFACE. In this volume, the chapters descriptive of the structure and habits of the wild elephant are reprinted for the sixth time from a larger work,^ published originally in 1859. Since the appearance of the First Edition, many corrections and much additional matter have been supplied to me, chiefly from India and Ceylon, and will be found embodied in the following pages. To one of these in particular I feel bound to direct attention. In the course of a more enlarged essay on the zoology of Ceylon, 2 amongst other proofs of a geo- logical origin for that island, distinct from that of the adjacent continent of India, as evidenced by peculiarities in the flora and fauna of each respectively, I had occasion to advert to a discovery which had been recently an- ' Ceylon: An Account of the of Ceylon. London, 1 861. See also Physical, Historical, Ceylon,, etc. by Sir Island, and To- J. Emerson Ten- pographical. 2 vols. 8vo. London, nent. London, i860, vol. i. pp. 7, Longmans & Co. 1859. 13, 85, 160, 183, &c. ^ Sketches of the Natural History vili Preface. nounced by Temminck in his Survey of the Dutch posses- sions ill the Indian Archipelago,'^ that the elepliant which abounds in Sumatra (although unknown in the adjacent island of Java), and which had theretofore been regarded as identical in species with the Indian one, has been found to possess peculiarities, in which it differs as much from the elephant of India as the latter does from its African congener. On this new species, to which the natives give the name of ''^gadjah" Temminck has conferred the scientific designation of the Elephas ^z/wa- tranus. The points which entitle it to this disti;iction he enumerates minutely in the work- before alluded to, and they have been summarized as follows by Prince Lucien Bonaparte. " This species is perfectly intermediate between the Indian and African, especially in the shape of the skull, and will certainly put an end to the distinction between Elephas and Loxodon, with those who admit that ana- tomical genus ; since although the crowns of the teeth of E. Sumatranus are more like the Asiatic animal, still the less numerous undulated ribbons of enamel are nearly quite as wide as those forming the lozenges of the African. The number of pairs of false ribs (which alone vary, the true ones being always six) is fourteen, one less than in ' Coup tTCEil general sur les ^ Temminck, Coup d'CEil, etc. Possessions Ne'erlandaises dans Vlnde t. i. civ. p. 328 j t. ii. c. iii. p. 91. Archlpelagique. ; Preface. IX the Afi'icam/s, one more than in the Lidiciis; and so it is with the dorsal vertebrae, which are twenty in the Suma- traniis (tweiity-07ie and nineteen in the others), whilst the new species agrees with Africaniis in the number of sacral vertebrae {four), and with Indicus in that of the caudal ones, which are thirty-four.'" ' ' Proceed. Zool. Soc. London, d'avant en arriere, comparees a celles prises dans la direction transversale 1849, P- '44 "°''^- ^^^ original description of Temminck is as fol- et laterale, sont en raison de 3 ou 4 lows : a I ; tandis que dans I'elephant du " Elephas Sumatranus, Nob. res- continent elles sont comme 4 ou semble, par la forme generale du 6 a I. La longueur totale de six de crane, a Telephant du continent de ces rubans, dans I'espece nouvelle I'Asie ; mais la partie libre des in- de Sumatra, ainsi que dans celle termaxillaires est beaucoup plus d'Afrique, est d'environ 12 centi- courte et plus etroite ; les cavites metres, tandis que cette longueur larges n'est que de 8 a centimetres dans nasales sont beaucoup moins ; 10 I'espace entre les orbites des yeux I'espece du continent de I'Asie. est plus etroit ; la partie posterieure " Les autres formes osteologiques du crane au contraire est plus large sont a peu pres les memes dans les que dans I'espece du continent. trois especes ; mais il y a difference " Les machelieres se rapprochent, dans le nombre des os dont le par la forme de leur couronne, squelette se compose, ainsi que le plutot de i'espece asiatique que de tableau comparatif ci-joint I'eprouve. celle qui est propre a I'Afrique " Uelephas Africanus a 7 verte- c'est-a-dire que leur couronne offre bres du cou, 21 vert, dorsales, 3 la forme de rubans ondoyes et non et caudales lombaires, 4 sacrees 26 ; pas en losange ; mais ces rubans 21 paires de cotes, dont 6 vraies sont de la largeur de ceux qu'on voit et 15 fausses. h'elep/ias Indicus a la couronne des dents de I'elephant a 7 vertebres du cou, 19 dorsales, ils d'Afrique ; sont consequemment 3 lombaires, 5 sacrees et 34 cau- moins nombreux que dans celui du dales, 19 paires de cotes, dont 6 continent de I'Asie. Les dimen- vraies et 3 fausses. Uelep/ias Su- sions de ces rubans, dans la direction matranus a 7 vertebres du cou, 20 X Preface. Professor Schlegel of Leyden, in a paper lately submitted by him to the Royal Academy of Sciences of Holland, (the substance of which he obligingly communicated to me, through Baron Bentinck the Ne- therlands Minister at this Court), confirmed the iden- tity of the Ceylon elephant with that found in the Lampongs of Sumatra. The osteological comparison of which Temminck has given the results was, he says, con- ducted by himself with access to four skeletons of the of comparing latter ; and the more recent opportunity a living Sumatran elephant with one from Bengal, served to establish other though minor points of divergence. The Indian species is more robust and powerful; the proboscis longer and more slender ; and the extre- mity, (a point in which the elephant of Sumatra resem- bles that of Africa,) is more flattened and provided with coarser and longer hair than that of India. Professor Schlegel, adverting to the large export of elephants from Ceylon to the Indian continent, which has been carried on from time immemorial, suggests the caution with which naturalists, in investigating this question, should first satisfy themselves whether the ele- et une femelle adultes dorsales, 3 lombaires, 4 sacrees et velle, un male cotes, et un jeune male. Nous n'avons 34 caudales ; 20 paires de dont 6 vraies et 14 fausses. pas encore ete a meme de nous " Ces caracteres ont ete constates procurer la depouille de cette sur trois squelettes de I'espece nou- espece." . Preface. xi phants they examine are really natives of the mainland, or whether they have been brought to it from the islands. " The extraordinary fact," he observes in his letter to me, " of the identity thus established between the elephants of Ceylon and Sumatra, and the points in which they are found to differ from that of Bengal, leads to the question whether all the elephants of the Asiatic continent belong to one single species ; or whether these vast regions may not produce in some quarter as yet unexplored the one hitherto found only in the two islands referred to % It is highly desirable that naturalists who have the means and opportunity, should exert themselves to discover, whether any traces are to be found of the Ceylon elephant in the Dekkan ; or of that of Sumatra in Cochin China or Siam." To me the establishment of a fact so conclusively con- firmatory of the theory I had ventured to broach, was productive of great satisfaction. But in an essay by Dr. Falconer, since published in the Natural History Review for January 1863, "On the Living and Extinct Species of Elephants," he adduces reasons for question- ing the accuracy of these views as to Elephas Siimati'anus The idea of a specific distinction between the elephants of India and Ceylon, Dr. Falconer shows to have been pro- pounded as far back as 1834, by Mr. B. H. Hodgson, the eminent ethnologist and explorer of the zoology of Nepal; Dr. Falconer's own inspection however of the examples of xii Preface. both as preserved in the Museum of Leyden, not only did not lead him to accept the later conclusion of ScHLEGEL and Temminck, but induced him to doubt the correctness of the statements published by the Prince of Canino, both as to the external and the osteological characters of the Indian elephant. As to the former, he declares that the differences between it and the elephant of Ceylon are so trifling, as not to exceed similar pecu- liarities observable between elephants taken in different regions of continental India, where an experienced mahout will tell at a glance, whether a newly captured animal was taken in the Sal forests of the North-Westeni Provinces, in Assam, in Silhet, Chittagong, Tipperah, or Cuttack.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Chapter VIII Banda Oriental and Patagonia
    CHAPTER VIII. Excursion to Colonia del Sacramiento—Value of an Estancia—Cattle, how counted—Singular Breed of Oxen—Perforated Pebbles—Shepherd Dogs —Horses Broken-in, Gauchos Riding—Character of Inhabitants—Rio Plata—Flocks of Butterflies—Aëronaut Spiders—Phosphorescence of the Sea—Port Desire—Guanaco—Port St. Julian—Geology of Patago- nia—Fossil gigantic Animal—Types of Organization constant—Change in the Zoology of America—Causes of Extinction. BANDA ORIENTAL AND PATAGONIA. HAVING been delayed for nearly a fortnight in the city, I was glad to escape on board a packet bound for Monte Video. A town in a state of blockade must always be a disagreeable place of residence; in this case moreover there were constant apprehensions from robbers within. The sentinels were the worst of all; for, from their office and from having arms in their hands, they robbed with a degree of au- thority which other men could not imitate. Our passage was a very long and tedious one. The Plata looks like a noble estuary on the map; but is in truth a poor affair. A wide ex- panse of muddy water has neither grandeur nor beauty. At one time of the day, the two shores, both of which are extremely low, could just be distinguished from the deck. On arriving at Monte Video I found that the Beagle would not sail for some time, so I prepared for a short excursion in this part of Banda Oriental. Everything which I have said about the country near Maldonado is applicable to M. Vid- eo; but the land, with the one exception of the Green Mount, 450 feet high, from which it takes its name, is far more level.
    [Show full text]
  • The Background and Meaning of the Image of the Beast in Rev. 13:14, 15
    Andrews University Digital Commons @ Andrews University Dissertations Graduate Research 2016 The Background and Meaning of the Image of the Beast in Rev. 13:14, 15 Rebekah Yi Liu liu@andrews.edu Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/dissertations Part of the Biblical Studies Commons Recommended Citation Liu, Rebekah Yi, "The Background and Meaning of the Image of the Beast in Rev. 13:14, 15" (2016). Dissertations. 1602. https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/dissertations/1602 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Research at Digital Commons @ Andrews University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Andrews University. For more information, please contact repository@andrews.edu. ABSTRACT THE BACKGROUNDS AND MEANING OF THE IMAGE OF THE BEAST IN REV 13:14, 15 by Rebekah Yi Liu Adviser: Dr. Jon Paulien ABSTRACT OF GRADUATE STDUENT RESEARCH Dissertation Andrews University Seventh-day Adventist Theological Seminary Title: THE BACKGROUNDS AND MEANING OF THE IMAGE OF THE BEAST IN REV 13:14, 15 Name of researcher: Rebekah Yi Liu Name and degree of faculty adviser: Jon Paulien, Ph.D. Date Completed: May 2016 Problem This dissertation investigates the first century Greco-Roman cultural backgrounds and the literary context of the motif of the image of the beast in Rev 13:14, 15, in order to answer the problem of the author’s intended meaning of the image of the beast to his first century Greco-Roman readers. Method There are six steps necessary to accomplish the task of this dissertation.
    [Show full text]
  • Archons (Commanders) [NOTICE: They Are NOT Anlien Parasites], and Then, in a Mirror Image of the Great Emanations of the Pleroma, Hundreds of Lesser Angels
    A R C H O N S HIDDEN RULERS THROUGH THE AGES A R C H O N S HIDDEN RULERS THROUGH THE AGES WATCH THIS IMPORTANT VIDEO UFOs, Aliens, and the Question of Contact MUST-SEE THE OCCULT REASON FOR PSYCHOPATHY Organic Portals: Aliens and Psychopaths KNOWLEDGE THROUGH GNOSIS Boris Mouravieff - GNOSIS IN THE BEGINNING ...1 The Gnostic core belief was a strong dualism: that the world of matter was deadening and inferior to a remote nonphysical home, to which an interior divine spark in most humans aspired to return after death. This led them to an absorption with the Jewish creation myths in Genesis, which they obsessively reinterpreted to formulate allegorical explanations of how humans ended up trapped in the world of matter. The basic Gnostic story, which varied in details from teacher to teacher, was this: In the beginning there was an unknowable, immaterial, and invisible God, sometimes called the Father of All and sometimes by other names. “He” was neither male nor female, and was composed of an implicitly finite amount of a living nonphysical substance. Surrounding this God was a great empty region called the Pleroma (the fullness). Beyond the Pleroma lay empty space. The God acted to fill the Pleroma through a series of emanations, a squeezing off of small portions of his/its nonphysical energetic divine material. In most accounts there are thirty emanations in fifteen complementary pairs, each getting slightly less of the divine material and therefore being slightly weaker. The emanations are called Aeons (eternities) and are mostly named personifications in Greek of abstract ideas.
    [Show full text]
  • Hyaenodontidae (Creodonta, Mammalia) and the Position of Systematics in Evolutionary Biology
    Hyaenodontidae (Creodonta, Mammalia) and the Position of Systematics in Evolutionary Biology by Paul David Polly B.A. (University of Texas at Austin) 1987 A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Paleontology in the GRADUATE DIVISION of the UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA at BERKELEY Committee in charge: Professor William A. Clemens, Chair Professor Kevin Padian Professor James L. Patton Professor F. Clark Howell 1993 Hyaenodontidae (Creodonta, Mammalia) and the Position of Systematics in Evolutionary Biology © 1993 by Paul David Polly To P. Reid Hamilton, in memory. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ix Acknowledgments xi Chapter One--Revolution and Evolution in Taxonomy: Mammalian Classification Before and After Darwin 1 Introduction 2 The Beginning of Modern Taxonomy: Linnaeus and his Predecessors 5 Cuvier's Classification 10 Owen's Classification 18 Post-Darwinian Taxonomy: Revolution and Evolution in Classification 24 Kovalevskii's Classification 25 Huxley's Classification 28 Cope's Classification 33 Early 20th Century Taxonomy 42 Simpson and the Evolutionary Synthesis 46 A Box Model of Classification 48 The Content of Simpson's 1945 Classification 50 Conclusion 52 Acknowledgments 56 Bibliography 56 Figures 69 Chapter Two: Hyaenodontidae (Creodonta, Mammalia) from the Early Eocene Four Mile Fauna and Their Biostratigraphic Implications 78 Abstract 79 Introduction 79 Materials and Methods 80 iv Systematic Paleontology 80 The Four Mile Fauna and Wasatchian Biostratigraphic Zonation 84 Conclusion 86 Acknowledgments 86 Bibliography 86 Figures 87 Chapter Three: A New Genus Eurotherium (Creodonta, Mammalia) in Reference to Taxonomic Problems with Some Eocene Hyaenodontids from Eurasia (With B. Lange-Badré) 89 Résumé 90 Abstract 90 Version française abrégéé 90 Introduction 93 Acknowledgments 96 Bibliography 96 Table 3.1: Original and Current Usages of Genera and Species 99 Table 3.2: Species Currently Included in Genera Discussed in Text 101 Chapter Four: The skeleton of Gazinocyon vulpeculus n.
    [Show full text]
  • Conceptual Issues in Phylogeny, Taxonomy, and Nomenclature
    Contributions to Zoology, 66 (1) 3-41 (1996) SPB Academic Publishing bv, Amsterdam Conceptual issues in phylogeny, taxonomy, and nomenclature Alexandr P. Rasnitsyn Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy ofSciences, Profsoyuznaya Street 123, J17647 Moscow, Russia Keywords: Phylogeny, taxonomy, phenetics, cladistics, phylistics, principles of nomenclature, type concept, paleoentomology, Xyelidae (Vespida) Abstract On compare les trois approches taxonomiques principales développées jusqu’à présent, à savoir la phénétique, la cladis- tique et la phylistique (= systématique évolutionnaire). Ce Phylogenetic hypotheses are designed and tested (usually in dernier terme s’applique à une approche qui essaie de manière implicit form) on the basis ofa set ofpresumptions, that is, of à les traits fondamentaux de la taxonomic statements explicite représenter describing a certain order of things in nature. These traditionnelle en de leur et particulier son usage preuves ayant statements are to be accepted as such, no matter whatever source en même temps dans la similitude et dans les relations de evidence for them exists, but only in the absence ofreasonably parenté des taxons en question. L’approche phylistique pré- sound evidence pleading against them. A set ofthe most current sente certains avantages dans la recherche de réponses aux phylogenetic presumptions is discussed, and a factual example problèmes fondamentaux de la taxonomie. ofa practical realization of the approach is presented. L’auteur considère la nomenclature A is made of the three
    [Show full text]
  • EXTENSIONS of REMARKS April 11, 1973
    11958 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 11, 1973 Yea-and-nay votes may occur on that ADJOURNMENT UNTIL 9:30 A.M. IN THE ARMY bill. It is possible, if consent is given, Mr. ROBERT C. BYRD. Mr. P resident, T he following-named officers to be placed that the measure would be temporarily on the retired list in grade indicated under if there be no further business to come the provisions of title 10, United States Code, laid aside from time to time and other before the Senate, I move, in accordance items on the Calendar could be taken section 3962: with the previous order, that the Senate To be lieutenant general up tomorrow and Friday—but only if stand in adjournment until 9:30 a.m. L t. Gen. Julian Johnson Ewell, xxx-xx-xxxx , unanimous consent is gotten. tomorrow. With respect to the bill to amend the A rm y of the U nited S tates (m ajor general, N ational Foundation on the A rts and T he m otion was agreed to; and at U.S. Army) . 5:53 p.m. the Senate adjourned until to- L t. Gen. William R aymond P eers, xxx-xx-x... Humanities A ct, I do not believe that xxx-x... A rmy of the United States (major gen- that bill will be taken up tomorrow. The morrow, Thursday, April 12, 1973, at 9:30 a.m. eral, U.S. Army) . distinguished author of the bill (M r. L t. G en. W illard P earson, xxx-xx-xxxx , PELL) has requested that the bill be taken A rm y of the U nited S tates (m ajor general, U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Bishop Claire Ed Participation.Pdf
    Roland Barthes//Joseph Beuys//Nicolas Bourriaud// Peter Bürger//Graciela Carnevale//Lygia Clark// Collective Actions//Eda Cufer//Guy Debord//Jeremy Deller//Umberto Eco//Hal Foster//Édouard Glissant// Group Material//Félix Guattari//Thomas Hirschhorn// Carsten Höller//Allan Kaprow//Lars Bang Larsen// Jean-Luc Nancy//Molly Nesbit//Hans Ulrich Obrist// Hélio Oiticica//Adrian Piper//Jacques Rancière// Dirk Schwarze//Rirkrit Tiravanija Participation Whitechapel London The MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts Edited by Claire Bishop PART ICIP ATIO N Documents of Contemporary Art Co-published by Whitechapel and The MIT Press Series Editor: Iwona Blazwick Commissioning Editor: Ian Farr First published 2006 Project Editor: Hannah Vaughan © 2006 Whitechapel Ventures Limited Designed by SMITH Texts © the authors, unless otherwise stated Printed in Italy Whitechapel is the imprint of Whitechapel Cover: Lygia Clark, Baba antropofága (1973), Ventures Limited from the series Collective Body. © The World of Lygia Clark Cultural Association, Rio de Janeiro All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system Whitechapel Ventures Limited or transmitted in any form or by any means, 80-82 Whitechapel High Street electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, London E1 7QZ without the written permission of the publisher www.whitechapel.org To order (UK and Europe) call +44 (0)207 522 7888 ISBN 0-85488-147-6 (Whitechapel) or email MailOrder@whitechapel.org ISBN 0-262-52464-3 (The MIT Press) Distributed to the book trade (UK and Europe only) by Cornerhouse A catalogue record for this book is available from www.cornerhouse.org the British Library The MIT Press Library of Congress Cataloguing-in-Publication Data 55 Hayward Street Cambridge, MA 02142 Participation / edited by Claire Bishop For information on quantity discounts, p.
    [Show full text]
  • 2014BOYDANDWELSH.Pdf
    Proceedings of the 10th Conference on Fossil Resources Rapid City, SD May 2014 Dakoterra Vol. 6:124–147 ARTICLE DESCRIPTION OF AN EARLIEST ORELLAN FAUNA FROM BADLANDS NATIONAL PARK, INTERIOR, SOUTH DAKOTA AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE STRATIGRAPHIC POSITION OF THE BLOOM BASIN LIMESTONE BED CLINT A. BOYD1 AND ED WELSH2 1Department of Geology and Geologic Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701 U.S.A., clintboyd@stratfit.org; 2Division of Resource Management, Badlands National Park, Interior, South Dakota 57750 U.S.A., edtwelsh@hotmail.com ABSTRACT—Three new vertebrate localities are reported from within the Bloom Basin of the North Unit of Badlands National Park, Interior, South Dakota. These sites were discovered during paleontological surveys and monitoring of the park’s boundary fence construction activities. This report focuses on a new fauna recovered from one of these localities (BADL-LOC-0293) that is designated the Bloom Basin local fauna. This locality is situated approximately three meters below the Bloom Basin limestone bed, a geographically restricted strati- graphic unit only present within the Bloom Basin. Previous researchers have placed the Bloom Basin limestone bed at the contact between the Chadron and Brule formations. Given the unconformity known to occur between these formations in South Dakota, the recovery of a Chadronian (Late Eocene) fauna was expected from this locality. However, detailed collection and examination of fossils from BADL-LOC-0293 reveals an abundance of specimens referable to the characteristic Orellan taxa Hypertragulus calcaratus and Leptomeryx evansi. This fauna also includes new records for the taxa Adjidaumo lophatus and Brachygaulus, a biostratigraphic verifica- tion for the biochronologically ambiguous taxon Megaleptictis, and the possible presence of new leporid and hypertragulid taxa.
    [Show full text]
  • Recent Polydactyle Horses ; by 0
    I 338 Scientific Intelligence. figures in this paper from the same beds several other apparently aquatic plants, a palm, and three conifers. Two of these latter, Brenclopsis Iioheneggeri and Geinitzia cretacea are indicative of an even earlier period. L. F. W. 0. Hec/icrches sur la Vegetation 'du niveau Aquitanien de Manosque; par le Marquis G. DE SAPORTA. Memoires de la Soc. Geol. do France, tome ii; I, Nympheinees, Fasc. i, Mem. No. 9, APPENDIX. pp. 22, pi. iii-vi; II, Palmiers, Fasc. 2, Mem. No. 9, pp. 23-34, pi. ix-xi.—The first of these papers treats of some important re­ cent discoveries of Nympheaceous plants in the beds of Manosque, Cerestc, and Bois rt'Asson, chiefly by local collectors, the princi­ ART. XLIII.—Recent Polydactyle Horses ; by 0. 0. MARSH. pal of whom are M. Nalin and Mile. Rostan. The flora of these deposits as previously published by the author is reviewed and IN this Journal for June, 1879, the writer made a brief the new species described and fully illustrated. These include five species of Nymphsea, one of Aneectomeria, and one of Nelumbium. summary of the facts then known to him in regard to existing Associated with these was found a Ceratophyllum (C. aquitani- horses with extra digits, especially in relation to the extinct cum), and the view is expressed that this anomalous genus is species he had discovered in the Rocky Mountains, and also really related to the Nymphajaceae. This view had already been gave figures of typical examples of existing and fossil forms.* suggested by Brongniart based on the similarity of the seeds, but Since then, he has collected much material bearing on the most authors put this genus in an apetalous order by itself, though question, particularly of extinct horses, and an illustrated Baillon places it in the Piperacese.
    [Show full text]
  • Sister Ship of the S4 Is Lost Off Hatteras
    ,■ -■•.___ NET PUE8S RUN Fot»«obi hr V. g.'W«al*i*r AVERAGE DAILY CIRCULATION Wew H *re * : ' for the month of December, 1927 Fair tonight; Tuesday increiwing 5 , 0 7 9 dondlness. M em ber o t the Audit Oiircas of Conn. State Library Circnlatlona PR I(» THREE GENTS MANGHeW e R, CONN., MONDAY, JANUARYr 30,1928. (TWELVE PAGES) VOL. XLIL, NO. 102. Classified Advertising on P f ^ 10. DESIGN OF NEW POUR-DAY LINERS. II F O n MOTHER SISTER SHIP OF THE S4 TO TELL JURY ASATHREATTO STORY (ff LIFE BUND CHILDREN IS LOST OFF HATTERAS -«> Mrs. Hickman Tried Suicide Parents of Hiree Families Chaplin Has Changed Sabmarine Lost In Gale Three Times and Was Told to Get Out of City; r • f J nJT Sooth of Cape Hatteras; Once Inmate of Insane Police Closely Guarding]/nto LlttlB Olcl jMlCLtl Not Heard of Since Sat­ Families. urday- Asylum. Hollywood, Calif., Jan. 30.—NotAtaken several years ago. Uncon- so long. ago Charlie Chaplin, the sciously the audience expected to Washington, Jan. 30.—The Sub­ Somervllle, Mass., Jan. 30 — film comedian, used to be a spry see the same Chaplin step forth Los Angeles, Calif., Jan. 30 — young fellow with black curly hair when Nlblo as master of ceremonies marine S-3, sister ship of the ill- Threats to blind children of three and a ready smile, now he is a lit­ said: fated S-4, is missing somewhere in Family skeletons will be brought tle old man with drooping shoulders families in this city have thrown “And now a man who needs no the Atlantic south of Cape Hat­ out of the Hickman closet and par­ the parents of the tots into a state and more white hair' than black.
    [Show full text]
  • 'Reforming Academicians', Sculptors of the Royal Academy of Arts, C
    ‘Reforming Academicians’, Sculptors of the Royal Academy of Arts, c.1948-1959 by Melanie Veasey Doctoral Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Doctor of Philosophy of Loughborough University, September 2018. © Melanie Veasey 2018. For Martin The virtue of the Royal Academy today is that it is a body of men freer than many from the insidious pressures of fashion, who stand somewhat apart from the new and already too powerful ‘establishment’.1 John Rothenstein (1966) 1 Rothenstein, John. Brave Day Hideous Night. London: Hamish Hamilton Ltd., 1966, 216. Abstract Page 7 Abstract Post-war sculpture created by members of the Royal Academy of Arts was seemingly marginalised by Keynesian state patronage which privileged a new generation of avant-garde sculptors. This thesis considers whether selected Academicians (Siegfried Charoux, Frank Dobson, Maurice Lambert, Alfred Machin, John Skeaping and Charles Wheeler) variously engaged with pedagogy, community, exhibition practice and sculpture for the state, to access ascendant state patronage. Chapter One, ‘The Post-war Expansion of State Patronage’, investigates the existing and shifting parameters of patronage of the visual arts and specifically analyses how this was manifest through innovative temporary sculpture exhibitions. Chapter Two, ‘The Royal Academy Sculpture School’, examines the reasons why the Academicians maintained a conventional fine arts programme of study, in contrast to that of industrial design imposed by Government upon state art institutions for reasons of economic contribution. This chapter also analyses the role of the art-Master including the influence of émigré teachers, prospects for women sculpture students and the post-war scarcity of resources which inspired the use of new materials and techniques.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 1 Dissertation Introduction Deposit
    ã 2018 Jessica K. Young MIGRATING MEMORIES: POWER AND TRANSCULTURAL MEMORY IN CONTEMPORARY SOUTH ASIAN FICTION BY JESSICA K. YOUNG DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in English in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2018 Urbana, Illinois Doctoral Committee: Professor Michael Rothberg, Chair Associate Professor Manisha Basu Associate Professor Jodi Byrd Associate Professor Stef Craps ABSTRACT This dissertation interrogates two interrelated questions: First, what effect does power have on memory? Second, how does literature help us “locate” or make visible the processes of memory transmission within and between subaltern groups whose actions are patrolled and, at times, curtailed? These questions are central to the future trajectories of memory studies, where the transcultural turn tracing memories across national and cultural borders necessitates an understanding of how people navigate overlapping local, national, and global networks of power that mandate forms of remembrance and forgetting. As Michael Rothberg observes, questions regarding power are paramount as memory studies expands from its Eurocentric roots to examine legacies of colonial trauma and migration (“Locating Transnational Memory” np). However, scholars have yet to address power’s effect on memory. Simultaneously, delineating institutional regulation of transcultural memory requires pinpointing memory’s intangible dynamics in order to identify sites that exemplify what Susannah Radstone defines as the “locatedness” of memories on the move while simultaneously acknowledging their inaccessibility (111). Given these concerns, my dissertation charts the repercussions of institutional power on memory in contemporary South Asian fiction by mapping the representative strategies authors deploy to depict transcultural memories suppressed by hegemonic framings of the past.
    [Show full text]