DOCSLIB.ORG

Read Book Laika Ebook

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Read Book Laika Ebook LAIKA PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Nick Abadzis | 208 pages | 07 Sep 2007 | Roaring Brook Press | 9781596431010 | English | New Milford, United States Laika PDF Book Others pry tears from dry eyes, keeping Kleenex in business with tearjerker endings. See also:. Fruit flies launched in became the first animals to reach outer space and be recovered alive. Topics Movies space. Four other dogs died in Soviet space missions: Bars and Lisichka were killed when their R-7 rocket exploded shortly after launch on 28 July ; [31] Pchyolka and Mushka died when Korabl-Sputnik 3 was purposely destroyed with an explosive charge to prevent foreign powers from inspecting the capsule after a wayward atmospheric reentry trajectory on 1 December Animal rights groups at the time called on members of the public to protest at Soviet embassies. However, Laika was not the first animal in space. After reaching orbit, Sputnik 2's nose cone was jettisoned successfully; however the "Block A" core did not separate as planned, preventing the thermal control system from operating correctly. LCCN : sh Gravity wave detector all set Robots get cheeky The big and the bizarre Botox 'may cause new wrinkles' Alien 'abductees' show real symptoms Leatherbacks 'extinct in 30 years' Isle of the Dead gives up clues Meacher attacks GM crops Foes urged to spare Iraq's wildlife Ariane 4 blasts into history Ankle-deep on Mars Goodbye Dolly. Soviet physicians chose Laika to die, but they were not entirely heartless. For years, the party line from officials was that Laika had been humanely euthanized before the satellite reentered the atmosphere. Hidden categories: CS1: long volume value CS1 German-language sources de CS1 Czech-language sources cs Wikipedia extended-confirmed-protected pages Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages Articles with short description Short description matches Wikidata Articles with 'species' microformats Articles containing Russian-language text Commons category link is on Wikidata Spoken articles Articles with hAudio microformats Featured articles Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. It was not just the fact of it but the pace of it: as Russian satellites got bigger and better, the Americans were still struggling to build one of their own. The dogs did not like the devices, and to avoid using them, some retained bodily waste, even after consuming laxatives. Orbit , in astronomy, path of a body revolving around an attracting centre of mass, as a planet around the Sun or a satellite around a planet. The Soviet canine recruiters began their quest with a herd of female stray dogs because females were smaller and apparently more docile. Little was known about the impact of spaceflight on living creatures at the time of Laika's mission, and the technology to de-orbit had not yet been developed, so Laika's survival was never expected. Main article: Sputnik 2. Alas, for Laika, even if everything had worked perfectly, and if she had been lucky enough to have plenty of food, water and oxygen, she would have died when the spaceship re-entered the atmosphere after 2, orbits. In one jarringly long and close-up scene, one of the dogs tortures and kills a poor neighborhood cat. Many rumours circulated about the exact manner of her death. Planners settled on an orbital flight with a dog. Von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart in German. After the success of Sputnik 1 in October , Nikita Khrushchev , the Soviet leader , wanted a spacecraft launched on 7 November , the 40th anniversary of the October Revolution. Sad as this tale is, the stray husky-spitz mix became a part of history as the first living creature to orbit the Earth. However, Able died during an operation to remove an electrode from under her skin. She also would not be the last dog to take flight. Wikiquote has quotations related to: Laika. Featured: Travel to Alaska. Date for first Australians. Curators' Corner. Universal Crossword. But the story of Laika had a dark lie at its core. Despite initial assurances to the public that the pup would come back unharmed, she was always intended as a sacrifice to scientific progress, as there was no way to return her to Earth at the time. It was always understood that Laika would not survive the mission, but her actual fate was misrepresented for decades. BBC News Magazine. Over five months later, after 2, orbits, Sputnik 2—including Laika's remains—disintegrated during re-entry on 14 April Laika, a stray mongrel from the streets of Moscow , was selected to be the occupant of the Soviet spacecraft Sputnik 2 that was launched into outer space on 3 November Humans did not surpass the record until The true cause and time of her death were not made public until ; instead, it was widely reported that she died when her oxygen ran out on day six or, as the Soviet government initially claimed, she was euthanised prior to oxygen depletion. Apparently the Soviet scientists had insufficient time to perfect life-support systems because of intense political pressure to launch Sputnik 2 in time for the celebration of the 40th anniversary of the Bolshevik Revolution. One of the technicians preparing the capsule before final liftoff stated that "after placing Laika in the container and before closing the hatch, we kissed her nose and wished her bon voyage, knowing that she would not survive the flight. Address 2. In fact, if I had to imagine the film I would least like to be forced to watch, Clockwork Orange -style, with my eyes pried open, it might be this one. A reporter for the Times , apparently unable to help himself, trotted out the puns that had been offered up by the wags of the day:. Laika Writer Continue or Give a Gift. Laika died within hours from overheating , possibly caused by a failure of the central R-7 sustainer to separate from the payload. Since then, animals have continued to play an important role in understanding the impact of microgravity on many biological functions. Olesya Turkina. Four other dogs died in Soviet space missions: Bars and Lisichka were killed when their R-7 rocket exploded shortly after launch on 28 July ; [31] Pchyolka and Mushka died when Korabl-Sputnik 3 was purposely destroyed with an explosive charge to prevent foreign powers from inspecting the capsule after a wayward atmospheric reentry trajectory on 1 December When the launch was announced, Laika became an international celebrity. Overheated, cramped, frightened, and probably hungry, the space dog gave her life for her country, involuntarily fulfilling a canine suicide mission. E-mail this story to a friend. September : Microscopic creatures commonly known as water bears tardigrades survived a day exposure to open space. Change to UK. The Innovative Spirit. Sputnik 2 burned up in the upper atmosphere in April The dogs reached space on July 22, , but did not orbit. Ham, a chimpanzee trained to perform tasks during spaceflight. Alas, for Laika, even if everything had worked perfectly, and if she had been lucky enough to have plenty of food, water and oxygen, she would have died when the spaceship re- entered the atmosphere after 2, orbits. The more time passes, the more I'm sorry about it. Several folk and rock singers around the globe have dedicated songs to her. Later space dogs, such as the famous Belka and Strelka, were brought back down alive, and their puppies were used as international good-will ambassadors. The first mammal in space was Albert II, a Rhesus monkey. Noted space historian Sven Grahn told BBC News Online that the new information was surprising and significant as it ended more than 40 years of speculation about Laika's fate. It is a stylish and honest film—a rare combination! Some of the biological functions that have been studied are to name just a few : brain states, behavioral performance, cardiovascular status, fluid and electrolyte balance, metabolic state, tissue development, and mating in zero gravity. Laika Reviews The doctors also checked their reactions to changes in air pressure and to loud noises that would accompany liftoff. Print Cite. The animal, launched on a one-way trip on board Sputnik 2 in November , was said to have died painlessly in orbit about a week after blast-off. Some of the biological functions that have been studied are to name just a few : brain states, behavioral performance, cardiovascular status, fluid and electrolyte balance, metabolic state, tissue development, and mating in zero gravity. According to a NASA document, Laika was placed in the capsule of the satellite on 31 October —three days before the start of the mission. By Manu Saadi a. Some animals have been sent up as part of experiments designed by students, others by NASA and other countries. Using what they had learned from the unmanned and undogged Sputnik 1 and often working without blueprints, teams labored quickly to build a ship that included a pressurized compartment for a flying dog. Noted space historian Sven Grahn told BBC News Online that the new information was surprising and significant as it ended more than 40 years of speculation about Laika's fate. Others pry tears from dry eyes, keeping Kleenex in business with tearjerker endings. Rumors emerged that Albina had out-performed Laika, but because she had recently given birth to puppies and because she had apparently won the affections of her keepers, Albina did not face a fatal flight. For many years, the Soviet Union gave conflicting statements that she had died either from asphyxia , [20] when the batteries failed, or that she had been euthanised.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Russia's Posture in Space
    Russia’s Posture in Space: Prospects for Europe Executive Summary Prepared by the European Space Policy Institute Marco ALIBERTI Ksenia LISITSYNA May 2018 Table of Contents Background and Research Objectives ........................................................................................ 1 Domestic Developments in Russia’s Space Programme ............................................................ 2 Russia’s International Space Posture ......................................................................................... 4 Prospects for Europe .................................................................................................................. 5 Background and Research Objectives For the 50th anniversary of the launch of Sputnik-1, in 2007, the rebirth of Russian space activities appeared well on its way. After the decade-long crisis of the 1990s, the country’s political leadership guided by President Putin gave new impetus to the development of national space activities and put the sector back among the top priorities of Moscow’s domestic and foreign policy agenda. Supported by the progressive recovery of Russia’s economy, renewed political stability, and an improving external environment, Russia re-asserted strong ambitions and the resolve to regain its original position on the international scene. Towards this, several major space programmes were adopted, including the Federal Space Programme 2006-2015, the Federal Target Programme on the development of Russian cosmodromes, and the Federal Target Programme on the redeployment of GLONASS. This renewed commitment to the development of space activities was duly reflected in a sharp increase in the country’s launch rate and space budget throughout the decade. Thanks to the funds made available by flourishing energy exports, Russia’s space expenditure continued to grow even in the midst of the global financial crisis. Besides new programmes and increased funding, the spectrum of activities was also widened to encompass a new focus on space applications and commercial products.
    [Show full text]
  • Race to Space Educator Edition
    National Aeronautics and Space Administration Grade Level RACE TO SPACE 10-11 Key Topic Instructional Objectives U.S. space efforts from Students will 1957 - 1969 • analyze primary and secondary source documents to be used as Degree of Difficulty supporting evidence; Moderate • incorporate outside information (information learned in the study of the course) as additional support; and Teacher Prep Time • write a well-developed argument that answers the document-based 2 hours essay question regarding the analogy between the Race to Space and the Cold War. Problem Duration 60 minutes: Degree of Difficulty -15 minute document analysis For the average AP US History student the problem may be at a moderate - 45 minute essay writing difficulty level. -------------------------------- Background AP Course Topics This problem is part of a series of Social Studies problems celebrating the - The United States and contributions of NASA’s Apollo Program. the Early Cold War - The 1950’s On May 25, 1961, President John F. Kennedy spoke before a special joint - The Turbulent 1960’s session of Congress and challenged the country to safely send and return an American to the Moon before the end of the decade. President NCSS Social Studies Kennedy’s vision for the three-year old National Aeronautics and Space Standards Administration (NASA) motivated the United States to develop enormous - Time, Continuity technological capabilities and inspired the nation to reach new heights. and Change Eight years after Kennedy’s speech, NASA’s Apollo program successfully - People, Places and met the president’s challenge. On July 20, 1969, the world witnessed one of Environments the most astounding technological achievements in the 20th century.
    [Show full text]
  • The Space Race
    The Space Race Aims: To arrange the key events of the “Space Race” in chronological order. To decide which country won the Space Race. Space – the Final Frontier “Space” is everything Atmosphere that exists outside of our planet’s atmosphere. The atmosphere is the layer of Earth gas which surrounds our planet. Without it, none of us would be able to breathe! Space The sun is a star which is orbited (circled) by a system of planets. Earth is the third planet from the sun. There are nine planets in our solar system. How many of the other eight can you name? Neptune Saturn Mars Venus SUN Pluto Uranus Jupiter EARTH Mercury What has this got to do with the COLD WAR? Another element of the Cold War was the race to control the final frontier – outer space! Why do you think this would be so important? The Space Race was considered important because it showed the world which country had the best science, technology, and economic system. It would prove which country was the greatest of the superpowers, the USSR or the USA, and which political system was the best – communism or capitalism. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xvaEvCNZymo The Space Race – key events Discuss the following slides in your groups. For each slide, try to agree on: • which of the three options is correct • whether this was an achievement of the Soviet Union (USSR) or the Americans (USA). When did humans first send a satellite into orbit around the Earth? 1940s, 1950s or 1960s? Sputnik 1 was launched in October 1957.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter Fourteen Men Into Space: the Space Race and Entertainment Television Margaret A. Weitekamp
    CHAPTER FOURTEEN MEN INTO SPACE: THE SPACE RACE AND ENTERTAINMENT TELEVISION MARGARET A. WEITEKAMP The origins of the Cold War space race were not only political and technological, but also cultural.1 On American television, the drama, Men into Space (CBS, 1959-60), illustrated one way that entertainment television shaped the United States’ entry into the Cold War space race in the 1950s. By examining the program’s relationship to previous space operas and spaceflight advocacy, a close reading of the 38 episodes reveals how gender roles, the dangers of spaceflight, and the realities of the Moon as a place were depicted. By doing so, this article seeks to build upon and develop the recent scholarly investigations into cultural aspects of the Cold War. The space age began with the launch of the first artificial satellite, Sputnik, by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957. But the space race that followed was not a foregone conclusion. When examining the United States, scholars have examined all of the factors that led to the space technology competition that emerged.2 Notably, Howard McCurdy has argued in Space and the American Imagination (1997) that proponents of human spaceflight 1 Notably, Asif A. Siddiqi, The Rocket’s Red Glare: Spaceflight and the Soviet Imagination, 1857-1957, Cambridge Centennial of Flight (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010) offers the first history of the social and cultural contexts of Soviet science and the military rocket program. Alexander C. T. Geppert, ed., Imagining Outer Space: European Astroculture in the Twentieth Century (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012) resulted from a conference examining the intersections of the social, cultural, and political histories of spaceflight in the Western European context.
    [Show full text]
  • Russian Project Space Sputnik 1
    Russian Project Space Sputnik 1 Sputnik 1 was the first artificial Earth satellite. The Soviet Union launched it into space because it inaugurates the The Space Age and that is when the space race started. Laika, Belka, Strelka Laika was the first dog to be sent into space who died on 3 November 1957. Belka and Strelka spent a day in space aboard and they didn’t die. Vostok 1 and Yuri Gagarin Yuri Gagarin was the first man in space in the Vostok 1 capsule.He“paved the way for space exploration and truly went where no man had been before.” Valentina Tereshkova Valentina Tereshkova is the first female to go into space.She spoke with Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev, who said, “Valentina, I am very happy and proud that a girl from the Soviet Union is the first woman to fly into space and to operate such cutting-edge equipment.” Voskhod 2 and Alexei Leonov Voskhod 2 was another milestone in space exploration and Alexei Leonov became the first person to leave the spacecraft to conduct a spacewalk. Mir the space station Mir was a space station operated by the Soviet Union and it was the first modular space station, it was brought down in 2001. The Russian Space Programme in the 21st Century The Russian government promised to replace its key space assets, inherited from the former USSR, with a brand-new triad of space infrastructure for the 21st century. In addition to a next-generation manned spaceship, Russia committed to build a new launch site and a fleet of rockets with a wide range of capabilities.
    [Show full text]
  • Dog Breeds of the World
    Dog Breeds of the World Get your own copy of this book Visit: www.plexidors.com Call: 800-283-8045 Written by: Maria Sadowski PlexiDor Performance Pet Doors 4523 30th St West #E502 Bradenton, FL 34207 http://www.plexidors.com Dog Breeds of the World is written by Maria Sadowski Copyright @2015 by PlexiDor Performance Pet Doors Published in the United States of America August 2015 All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including photocopying, recording, or by any information retrieval and storage system without permission from PlexiDor Performance Pet Doors. Stock images from canstockphoto.com, istockphoto.com, and dreamstime.com Dog Breeds of the World It isn’t possible to put an exact number on the Does breed matter? dog breeds of the world, because many varieties can be recognized by one breed registration The breed matters to a certain extent. Many group but not by another. The World Canine people believe that dog breeds mostly have an Organization is the largest internationally impact on the outside of the dog, but through the accepted registry of dog breeds, and they have ages breeds have been created based on wanted more than 340 breeds. behaviors such as hunting and herding. Dog breeds aren’t scientifical classifications; they’re It is important to pick a dog that fits the family’s groupings based on similar characteristics of lifestyle. If you want a dog with a special look but appearance and behavior. Some breeds have the breed characterics seem difficult to handle you existed for thousands of years, and others are fairly might want to look for a mixed breed dog.
    [Show full text]
  • Episode 2: Bodies in Orbit
    Episode 2: Bodies in Orbit This transcript is based on the second episode of Moonstruck, a podcast about humans in space, produced by Dra!House Media and featuring analysis from the Center for Strategic and International Studies’ Aerospace Security Project. Listen to the full episode on iTunes, Spotify, or on our website. BY Thomas González Roberts // PUBLISHED April 4, 2018 AS A DOCENT at the Smithsonian National Air & Space But before humans could use the bathroom in space, a Museum I get a lot of questions from visitors about the lot of questions needed to be answered. Understanding grittiest details of spaceflight. While part of me wants to how human bodies respond to the environment of outer believe that everyone is looking for a thoughtful Kennedy space took years of research. It was a dark, controversial quote to drive home an analysis of the complicated period in the history of spaceflight. This is Moonstruck, a relationship between nationalism and space travel, some podcast about humans in space. I’m Thomas González people are less interested in my stories and more Roberts. interested in other, equally scholarly topics: In the late 1940s, American scientists began to focus on Kids: I have a question. What if you need to go to the two important challenges of spaceflight: solar radiation bathroom while you're in a spacesuit? Is there a special and weightlessness.1 diaper? Aren't you like still wearing the diaper when you are wearing a spacesuit? Let'sThomas start González with radiation. Roberts is the host and executive producer of Moonstruck, and a space policy Alright, alright, I get it.
    [Show full text]
  • WEST SIBERIAN LAIKA Official UKC Breed Standard Northern Breed Group ©Copyright 1996, United Kennel Club
    WEST SIBERIAN LAIKA Official UKC Breed Standard Northern Breed Group ©Copyright 1996, United Kennel Club CHARACTERISTICS Intelligent, willing to learn and easily trainable. Affectionate and loyal to his family, and friendly to strangers. The breed has a strongly developed hunting instinct and a keen sense of direction. When he finds game, he alerts the hunter by barking. HEAD SKULL - Shaped like an equilateral triangle. Gradual, barely noticeable stop. MUZZLE - Long and dry. TEETH - The West Siberian Laika has a complete set of evenly spaced, white teeth meeting in a scissors bite. NOSE - Black. EYES - Oval, slanting and dark in color. EARS - Prick, set on high and pointed. The goals and purposes of this breed standard include: NECK to furnish guidelines for breeders who wish to maintain Muscular and dry. the quality of their breed and to improve it; to advance this breed to a state of similarity throughout the world; FOREQUARTERS and to act as a guide for judges. Well defined angulation between shoulder blade and Breeders and judges have the responsibility to avoid upper arm. any conditions or exaggerations that are detrimental to FORELEGS - Legs are long and muscular with short, the health, welfare, essence and soundness of this flexible pasterns. breed, and must take the responsibility to see that these are not perpetuated. BODY Any departure from the following should be The chest is well developed, and the withers are very considered a fault, and the seriousness with which the pronounced. The back is strong and straight, and the fault should be regarded should be in exact proportion loin is short and supple.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ethics of Animal Research – Teacher Notes
    The Ethics of Animal Research – Teacher Notes The previous lesson showed the extensive use of animals in the early days of space research and even today to further our understanding of the space environment. This raises important questions about the ethics of using animals in research. The use of animals in scientific experimentation has always been, and will always be a controversial subject. It is however an unavoidable fact that without animal research we would know far less about biology, diseases and medical conditions that affect humans and other animals. While researchers agree that animals should only be used when there is no known alternative and they should be treated with humane respect to avoid suffering, the scientific community continue to agree that the historical use of animals in research has allowed the development of medical treatment, surgical techniques, vaccines and the advancement of science in other areas. As we know animals were used extensively to serve as surrogates for human beings in the early days of spaceflight to learn vital information about the environment. In recent times, although animals continue to be used in space research, valid arguments about animal suffering have led to great improvements in their treatment. It is estimated that between 50 and 100 million animals are used in research experiments every year. Animals used in testing come from a variety of sources. While many animals, particularly worms and rats, may be purpose bred for testing other animals are still caught in the wild. Opponents to animal testing argue that it is cruel and unnecessary, that the results never reliably predict the reaction of human physiology and that animals have the same right as humans not to be used for experimentation.
    [Show full text]
  • Space Debris
    IADC-11-04 April 2013 Space Debris IADC Assessment Report for 2010 Issued by the IADC Steering Group Table of Contents 1. Foreword .......................................................................... 1 2. IADC Highlights ................................................................ 2 3. Space Debris Activities in the United Nations ................... 4 4. Earth Satellite Population .................................................. 6 5. Satellite Launches, Reentries and Retirements ................ 10 6. Satellite Fragmentations ................................................... 15 7. Collision Avoidance .......................................................... 17 8. Orbital Debris Removal ..................................................... 18 9. Major Meetings Addressing Space Debris ........................ 20 Appendix: Satellite Break-ups, 2000-2010 ............................ 22 IADC Assessment Report for 2010 i Acronyms ADR Active Debris Removal ASI Italian Space Agency CNES Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (France) CNSA China National Space Agency CSA Canadian Space Agency COPUOS Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, United Nations DLR German Aerospace Center ESA European Space Agency GEO Geosynchronous Orbit region (region near 35,786 km altitude where the orbital period of a satellite matches that of the rotation rate of the Earth) IADC Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee ISRO Indian Space Research Organization ISS International Space Station JAXA Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency LEO Low
    [Show full text]
  • Engineering Lesson Plan: Russian Rocket Ships!
    Engineering Lesson Plan: Russian Rocket Ships! Sputnik, Vostok, Voskhod, and Soyuz Launcher Schematics Uttering the text “rocket ship” can excite, mystify, and inspire young children. A rocket ship can transport people and cargo to places far away with awe-inspiring speed and accuracy. The text “rocket scientist” indexes a highly intelligent and admirable person, someone who is able to create, or assist in the creation of machines, vehicles that can actually leave the world we all call “home.” Rocket scientists possess the knowledge to take human beings and fantastic machines to space. This knowledge is built upon basic scientific principles of motion and form—the understanding, for young learners, of shapes and their function. This lesson uses the shape of a rocket to ignite engineering knowledge and hopefully, inspiration in young pupils and introduces them to a space program on the other side of the world. Did you know that the first person in space, Yuri Gagarin, was from the former Soviet Union? That the Soviet Union (now Russia) sent the first spacecraft, Sputnik I, into Earth’s orbit? That today, American NASA-based astronauts fly to Russia to launch and must learn conversational Russian as part of their training? Now, in 2020, there are Russians and Americans working together in the International Space Station (ISS), the latest brought there by an American-based commercial craft. Being familiar with the contributions Russia (and the former Soviet Union) has made to space travel is an integral part of understanding the ongoing human endeavor to explore the space all around us. After all, Russian cosmonauts use rocket ships too! The following lesson plan is intended for kindergarten students in Indiana to fulfill state engineering learning requirements.
    [Show full text]
  • The Red Scare- Soviet Union
    JCC: The Red Scare- Soviet Union Chair: Bridget Arnold Vice-Chair: 1 Table of Contents 3. Letter from Chair 4. Committee Background 7. Topic A: Race to the Moon 15. Topic B: Developing Tensions is the West 24. Positions 2 Letter from the Chair: Dear Fellow Comrades, Hello, and welcome to LYMUN VII! I am extremely excited to be chairing (the better side) of the JCC: The Red Scare. My name is Bridget Arnold, I am currently a Senior at Lyons Township and I have participated in Model UN since my Freshman year. Outside of MUN, I participate in various clubs such as Mock Trial and PSI and in general have a huge fascination with politics. In anticipation of the conference, you are expected to write one position paper outlining ​ your person’s beliefs on the topics that you have been given. Both topics will be discussed in order but only one position paper is required. All delegates should maintain their character’s policy within the committee and should avoid slipping into their own personal beliefs. During committee, I will not only be looking for delegates who speak a lot but those who work well with other delegates, contribute to discussions, and exemplify knowledge about the topic in their speeches. With that being said, I encourage all delegates to speak at least once in this committee. Any experience with public speaking will benefit your skills as a public speaker now and in the future. Writing directives and crisis notes with your own original ideas are also crucial for success in this cabinet.
    [Show full text]