Nouvelles Milieu

39.3 2013

Newsfrom the Field duNouvelles milieu

Interview with past CHA President Entretien avec l’ancien président de la SHC Craig Heron

MASSIVE Open Online Courses Historians Go into the Field Oral History and Performance in the Classroom Exploring History Through the Programming Historian BULLETIN Editors’ Note / 39.3 Note de la 3 INSIDE / SOMMAIRE Rédaction News from the Field / 7 Nouvelles du milieu

Interview with Craig Heron / 22 Entretien avec Craig Heron 33 Massive Open Online Courses

Historians in the Field 13

Also in this issue / Également dans ce numéro

1 Word from the President / Mot de la présidente 29 Exploring History on the Web Through the 6 News from 130 Albert / Nouvelles du 130, rue Programming Historian Albert 15 Oral History and Performance in the Classroom 31 CHA Advocacy Update / Mise à jour sur les 17 Historical Intersections: Africa, Canada and Interventions publiques de la SHC Empire Initiatives de l’été 2013 auprès de 18 Nouvelles pratiques reliées à la permanence et Bibliothèque et Archives Canada / aux promotions dans les départements Initiatives with Library and Archives d’histoire du Canada Canada this Summer 20 News for the Chairs: Tenure and Promotion 35 Obituaries / Nécrologie Practices in Canadian Departments of History 36 Yukon Archives 37 2013 AGM Meeting Minutes / Procès- 27 Grad Students / Étudiants aux cycles supérieurs verbal de la RAM 2013 The colloquium or Thesis Proposal / Le colloque 40 Historians in the News / Les historiens font ou proposition de thèse les manchettes /dundurnpressdu |@dundurnpress|dundurn.comnd du NEW FROM DUNDURN

LOST BENEATH THE ICE MOBILIZE! DEATHWINSINTHEARCTIC THE TIDE OF WAR The Story of HMS Investigator Why Canada Was Unprepared for the TheLostWinterPatrolof1910 The1814InvasionsofUpperCanada by Andrew Cohen Second World War by Kerry Karram Upper Canada Preserved — HISTORY | $29.99 hardcover by Larry D. Rose HISTORY | $19.99 paper, 190 pages, War of 1812 series, Book 4 128 pages, 125 b&w illustrations foreword by J.L. Granatstein 37 b&w illustrations, 2 maps; includes by Richard Feltoe In 1850, HMSInvestigator was sent HISTORY | $28.99 paper bibliography & index HISTORY | $19.99 paper, 160 pages, 40 b&w to search for the lost Franklin ships. 331 pages, 30 b&w illustrations A four-man patrol from the North illustrations & maps It failed, becoming trapped in the ice, Military specialist Larry D. Rose West Mounted Police left Fort By early 1814, a new threat was butitdidcompleteFranklin’squestfor examines why Canada was not McPherson, Northwest Territories, looming across the Niagara River, the Northwest Passage. This book re- training and preparing to go to war heading for Dawson City, Yukon, on as a vastly improved American army counts the voyage and Parks Canada’s before the declaration in 1939. The December 21, 1910. The harrowing preparedforanewinvasionattempt. discoveryofthe wreck. failures of all involved are examined, drama of their futile 52-day struggle The Tide of Warrecounts the first six as are the other issues that delayed to survive is an account of coura- monthsofthecalamitousandcrucial this important decision resulting in geous failure, one that resonates in year’s campaigning on the “North- the significant loss of Canadians in its depiction of human intelligence ern frontier”and the fight to control Also available as ebooks. Dieppe and in Hong Kong. pitted against the forces of nature. Upper Canada.

Bulletin Editorial Policy

The CHA Bulletin is published three times a year by the Canadian Historical Téléphone : 613-233-7885 Télécopieur : 613-565-5445 Association. Notices, letters, calls for papers and articles of two pages or less, double- Courriel : [email protected] Site Internet : www.cha-shc.ca spaced, are welcome on topics of interest to historians, preferably accompanied by a Editors / Rédacteurs : Martin Laberge, Robert Talbot translation into the other official language. Photo Credits / Crédits photographiques : Wikimedia Commons; Library and Deadline for submissions of articles etc. for the nextBulletin isFebruary 15, 2014 . Archives Canada; Michel Duquet; Dmitry Denisenkov; Dominique Marshall Translation / Traduction : Michel Duquet Wereserve the right to edit submissions. Opinions expressed in articles etc. are those Production Coordinator / Coordonnateur de production : Michel Duquet of the author and not necessarily the CHA. Direct correspondence to:Bulletin , Layout / Mise en pages : Don McNair Canadian Historical Association, 1201-130 Albert Street, Ottawa, ON K1P 5G4 Advertising Enquiries / Placement de publicités : Michel Duquet Tel.: (613) 233-7885 Fax: (613) 565-5445 E-mail: [email protected] Information for contributors can be found on our Website at Web Site: www.cha-shc.ca http://www.cha-sch.ca/english/publ/bulletin/ Politique éditoriale du Bulletin Les directives aux contributeurs sont disponibles à http://www.cha-sch.ca/francais/publ/bulletin/ Le Bulletin de la SHC est une publication bilingue qui paraît trois fois par année. Les Cover Photograph / En couverture : articles, les notes et les lettres de deux pages ou moins, dactylographiés à double interligne et portant sur des sujets d’intérêt pour les membres, sont les bienvenus, de Glimpse of Notre-Dame-des-Neiges cemetery during automn / Le cimetière préférence accompagnés d’une traduction. Notre-Dame-des-Neiges de Montréal à l’automne By / par Antoine Mghayar

La date de tombée des articles pour le prochainBulletin estle 15 février 2014 . This photo is of a cultural heritage site in Canada, number 15065 in the Canadian Register of Historic Places. / Cette photo est d’un site du patrimoine La rédaction se réserve le droit de réduire les articles qui nous sont soumis. Les culturel du Canada, numéro 15065 au Registre canadien des lieux opinions exprimées dans les textes sont celles de l’auteur et ne reflètent pas patrimoniaux. nécessairement celles de la SHC. Veuillez acheminer toute correspondance au : Bulletin, Société historique du Canada, 1201-130, rue Albert, Ottawa, ON K1P 5G4 ISSN 0382-4764 A word from the President Mot de la présidente

Seeing history in the eyes of artists Histoire: vues d’artistes

Three times in recent weeks I have stepped back to look at the À trois reprises au cours des dernières semaines, j’ai été invitée discipline of history at the invitation of artists. The first glance par des artistes à prendre mes distances face à l’histoire. Le came from the work of Chinese militant artist Ai Weiwei, whose premier point de vue vient des œuvres du militant chinois Ai exhibition at the Art Gallery of Ontario showed a collection of Weiwei, dont l’exposition qui s'achève au Musée des beaux-arts ancient objects, salvaged, broken, peddled, remade by traditional de l’Ontario rassemble une série d’objets anciens, récupérés, craftsmen, reinvented, assembled in incongruous ways, or brisés, colportés, refaits, réinventés, assemblés de manière photographed. The quiet manner in which he displays these incongrue, ou encore photographiés. La façon calme dont il “fragments” comes from a reflection about contexts and présente ces « fragments » provient d’une réflexion sur les contingency, reconstitution and interpretation: “History,” he questions du contexte et de la contingence, et sur le travail de says, “is always the missing part of the puzzle in everything we do. reconstitution et d’interprétation: « l’histoire, dit-il, est toujours I think that they only have a momentary truth, that's the la pièce manquante du casse-tête dans tout ce que nous faisons. Je fragment: those momentary pieces.”1 His relation to the past is crois qu’elles n’ont qu’une vérité momentanée, c’est cela qui est le explicitly moral, and his idea of a “debt to the dead”2 is not only fragment: ces pièces momentanées. »1 Sa relation au passé est about rescuing pieces from the dump, documenting the changing explicitement morale, et son idée d’une « dette envers les morts »2 landscapes of his country, or alerting visitors to knowledge and ne concerne pas seulement le sauvetage de matériaux anciens spaces lost, but also about unveiling present lies: he is engaged in a versés aux dépotoirs, la documentation des transformations reconstitution of the population of the children who vanished in ahurissantes des paysages de son pays, ou encore l’urgence mangled structures of the badly built schools of Sichuan during d’identifier des savoirs et des espaces en voie de disparition, mais an earthquake five years ago, in a disaster hardly documented by aussi la dénonciation des mensonges du temps présent : depuis local authorities. The ongoing census of more than 5000 names, cinq ans, il reconstitue la population des enfants qui sont disparus addresses, year of birth and class, covers a whole wall of the dans les ruines tordues d'écoles mal construites, à la suite du gallery,a replica of the giant form posted in his studio. tremblement de terre de Sichuan, une calamité que les autorités tardent à reconnaître. Le recensement en cours, qui compte The same reflection about time and the meaning of traces infused maintenant près de 5000 noms (avec adresses, dates de naissance the conversations at the colloquium my department hosted a few et niveaux scolaires correspondants), couvre la totalité d’un des weeks ago on the memories and histories told this past year for murs du Musée, une réplique du formulaire géant affiché dans the 400th anniversary of Champlain's passage in the Ottawa son studio chinois. Valley.3 To most Aboriginal people, artists, students, scholars, teachers and community members present, the removal, a few Une réflexion comparable au sujet du sens des traces a rempli les years ago, of the scout who was at the feet of the Champlain statue conversation du colloque que mon département a accueilli il y a overlooking the river on Point Nepean, and his reinstallation in a quelques jours au sujet des mémoires et des histoires racontées à hidden bush in Major’s Hill Park, was a bad idea, however l’occasion du 400ème anniversaire du passage de Champlain subjugated he might have looked. The statue had kneeled there dans la vallée de l’Outaouais.3 Pour la plupart des Autochtones,

1 In Mami Kataoka, “According to What? – A questioning attitude”, Ai Weiwei According to What? (Munich: Prestel Verlag, 2012), p. 17. 1 Cité dans l’essai qui introduit le catalogue, Mami Kataoka, “According to What? – 2 Paul Ricœur,La mémoire, l’histoire, l’oubli (2000). A questioning attitude”,Ai Weiwei According to What? Prestel Verlag, Munich, 3 “Champlain on the Anishinabe Aki: Histories and Memories of an Encounter”, London, New York, 2012, p. 17, ma traduction. September 19-20. For the website, see http://champlaincolloquium.wordpress.com/ 2 Paul Ricœur,La mémoire, l’histoire, l’oubli (2000).

Canadian Historical Association 1 A word from the President Mot de la présidente

Seeing history in the eyes of artists Histoire: vues d’artistes

Canadian Historical Association 1 CHA Secretaries since the tercentennial, an artifact of colonial public art which should artistes, chercheurs, étudiants et instituteurs présents, le EDITORS’ NOTE Secrétaires not have be erased or forgotten. Thanks to the scrutiny, humour and retrait il y a quelques années de la figure de l’éclaireur qui de la SHC NOTE DE LA RÉDACTION determination of these opponents of the move, the scout now has a surplombe la rivière depuis la Pointe Nepean et sa name, and a Facebook page with more than 100 friends. Urban réinstallation dans un buisson au parc Major’s Hill, a été une Iroquois Jeff Thomas, the artist in residence during the colloquium, mauvaise idée. La statue agenouillée là depuis le tricentenaire staged a dialogue with him, speaking of the view from the now empty témoignait d'un art public colonial qui ne devrait être ni spot where the scout had stood for 90 years. The night before, the effacé, ni oublié. Grâce au travail scrutateur, à l’humour et à la newly named Gichi Zibi Omaami Winini Anishinaabe/ Lasagna/ Joe détermination de ces opposants du déménagement, had been honoured by an alternative sound and light show, in echo of l’éclaireur a un nom, un site surFacebook et des douzaines d’« the official ceremony staged around Samuel. amis ». L’Iroquois urbain Jeff Thomas, artiste en résidence durant le colloque, a mis en scène pour l’occasion un dialogue avec l’éclaireur, une entrevue concernant ses états d’âme et ses “Chasing the Unicorn” observations, après 90 ans juché sur la plateforme aujourd’hui The story of this extraordinary dance was not unlike vacante. La nuit précédente, le désormais dénommé Gichi the visual and theatrical work of Weiwei and Thomas: Zibi Omaami Winini Anishinaabe/ Lasagna/ Joe a reçu It was with more than a little trepidation that I deposited my a source of wonder, an invitation to contemplate l'honneur d’un spectacle de son et lumière personnalisé, en doctoral thesis at the University of Ottawa this past September. écho aux illuminations peu critiques de la figure de Samuel, These feelings were, of course, accompanied by a great deal of uncharted ways to navigate between past and present ... de l’autre côté de la rue. satisfaction and relief at having (nearly) completed a project that I have been working on for years now, and for which I remain Le récit de cette danse extraordinaire ne fut pas sans Le mot de la fin appartient au danseur, artiste et curateur passionate. My trepidation stems from the usual feelings of Odawa M’Chigeeng, Barry Ace, qui a rendu visite à deux anxiety that come with submitting a thesis: I pray to Clio for a rappeler aux étudiants l’effet du travail visuel et classes assemblées d’histoire coloniale comparée et d’histoire speedy administrative process and for a timely and successful théâtral de Weiwei et de Thomas : ces source des autochtones canadiens, pour raconter son voyage à Paris defence. I hope the readers are satisfied with the work, but I also 4 d'émerveillement, sont aussi un appel à contempler en 2010. Ace a suivi les traces européennes de danseurs look forward to discussing it in detail with five different people Ojibwa qui avaient traversé l’Atlantique en 1844, en tant que who have actually read it! des façons inédites de naviguer entre passé et présent ... membres de la troupe des tableaux vivants de George Caitlin, Instead of creating more full-time, tenure-track positions dont le bateau transportait aussi des peintures d’Indiens While putting my faith in Clio, I find myself pondering another to teach the record number of undergraduate students, américains de même que deux grizzlys. En présentant sa Greek legend. For, you see, as I approach the end of my degree, I universities are increasingly relying on part-time The final word comes from Odawa M’Chigeeng, dancer, artist and chorégraphie dans trois lieux publics parisiens et une salle de find myself reflecting upon my long-term employment prospects. lecturers, who are paid lower wages, have few benefits, curator Barry Ace, who came to my department last week, to report to classe, et en appelant les noms de Maungwudaus et ses At the moment, I am looking forward to taking up a postdoctoral and have no guarantee of future employment. What is the students of two classes – on comparative colonialisms and compagnons qui n’avaient pas été prononcés outremer fellowship in the winter. But, naturally, I must also contemplate more, these sessional professors do much of the heavy Aboriginal history – on the trip he made to Paris in 2010.4 Dancing in depuis près de deux siècles, Ace a accompli un « acte what the future may hold beyond the postdoc. Today, it seems, lifting by teaching large survey and methodology the footsteps of Ojibwa dancers of 1844, who crossed the Atlantic with réparateur. » Le danseur a partagé ses méthodes de recherche tenure-track job openings have a lot in common with unicorns – courses that (some) tenured professors prefer to avoid George Caitlin “tableaux vivant,” with grizzly bears and portraits of avec son auditoire d’étudiants de l’Université Carleton, parlé people have alleged that they exist, but one cannot help but in favour of the smaller, more specialized senior North American “Indians” aboard, Ace planned one classroom and des efforts de son collègue Robert Houle en vue de mettre en wonder whether they are more myth than reality. undergraduate seminar classes. The statistics are three outdoor performances, dressed in full regalia, calling out the valeur et d’étudier les dessins qu’Eugène Delacroix a telling. According toMaclean’s , only 12% of PhDs names of Maungwudaus and his companions, who had not been esquissés lors du passage des Ojibwas, et de la façon dont I would be the first to argue that a PhD in History provides its under 35 years of age employed at universities held uttered overseas for almost two centuries, “A Reparative Act.” Ace Delacroix traitait le passé des Autochtones comme l’ « own rewards: pursuing one’s research interests, becoming tenure or tenure-track positions in 2007 – before the showed what documents he used for his research, spoke of his Antiquité » de l’Amérique. Les réactions multiples aux immersed in archival collections and the secondary literature, recession. In 1981, the rate was 35%.3 The situation south of colleague Robert Houle’s attempt to shed light on the forgotten pérégrinations de Ace dans les rues de la capital française lui engaging in a highly stimulating intellectual environment with the border is not much better. There, academic job listings in drawings Eugène Delacroix did of the dancers during their stay, and of ont donné, dit-il, la chance d’apprécier ce à quoi les danseurs students and professors as colleagues, having the opportunity to history are 40% lower than they were before the recession, while Delacroix’s understanding of Aboriginal pasts as North America’s et leurs familles ont dû faire face il y a 170 ans, maladie, lecture, present at learned conferences, and publish in scholarly PhD enrolment continues to rise.4 In some history fields, the “antiquity.” The many reactions to Ace’s whereabouts in the street of attentes, curiosité, mépris et reconnaissance fraternelle journals. These are the things that bright-eyed and bushy-tailed average number of applicants per job opening is as high as eighty- the French capital gave him, he said, an appreciation of what the incluses. À en juger par leurs questions, le récit de cette danse undergrads dream of. They generally do not, however, pay the five people.5 Stiff competition indeed! dancers and their families might have encountered – sickness, delays, extraordinaire ne fut pas sans rappeler aux étudiants l’effet du bills. curiosity, spite and brotherly understanding included. For the one travail visuel et théâtral de Weiwei et de Thomas : ces source For new PhDs, even landing a sessional teaching position can hundred students in the room, the story of this extraordinary dance d'émerveillement, sont aussi un appel à contempler des “These days,” writesMaclean’s columnist Charlie Gillis, “a be problematic. Universities often have seniority regimes that was not unlike the visual and theatrical work of Weiwei and Thomas: a façons inédites de naviguer entre passé et présent, et une doctorate is as likely to inspire pity as veneration.” Ouch! Mr. Gillis source of wonder, an invitation to contemplate uncharted ways to démonstration des innombrables significations qui may be terse, but he has a point: the job prospects for new PhDs are 1 http://oncampus.macleans.ca/education/2013/06/03/are-ph-d-s-an-academic- navigate between past and present, and a powerful demonstration of surgissent lorsque « chaque génération », pour reprendre les grim, especially when it comes to obtaining stable employment in dead-zone/#more-55875 how meaningful “fragments” can become when “each generation,” to mots de Ace, prend le temps d’« infuser l’histoire de son their fields of study. Competition is stiff, with universities 2 http://oncampus.macleans.ca/education/2013/06/03/are-ph-d-s-an-academic- 1 take Ace’s words, takes care to “infuse history with their own propre savoir pour la rendre pertinente aujourd’hui. » churning out more PhDs than ever (nearly 5,000 in 2012 alone). dead-zone/#more-55875 knowledge to make it relevant to today.” Provincial governments across Canada have cut funds to 3 http://oncampus.macleans.ca/education/2013/06/03/are-ph-d-s-an-academic- 3 Champlain dans l’Anishinabe Aki: Histoires and mémoires d’une universities, which in turn have looked for ways to trim operating dead-zone/#more-55875 rencontre, 19-20 Septembre. Pour le site web et le dépot numérique, voir 4 http://oncampus.macleans.ca/education/2012/01/05/considering-graduate- http://champlaincolloquium.wordpress.com/ costs – with eyes squarely set on the humanities and social school-in-the-arts-or-social-sciences/#more-35440 4 Houle’s installation,Paris/Ojibwa , will be in Windsor until January. The 4 L’installation de Houle,Paris/Ojibwa , sera à Windsor jusqu’en janvier. Ace a sciences. At the same time, they have attempted to raise revenues 5 http://oncampus.macleans.ca/education/2012/01/05/considering-graduate- 2 catalogue contains an essay by Ace. écrit une texte qui sera inclus dans le catalogue. by increasing enrolment, which has reached 1.2 million. school-in-the-arts-or-social-sciences/#more-35440

2 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 3 CHA Secretaries since the tercentennial, an artifact of colonial public art which should artistes, chercheurs, étudiants et instituteurs présents, le EDITORS’ NOTE Secrétaires not have be erased or forgotten. Thanks to the scrutiny, humour and retrait il y a quelques années de la figure de l’éclaireur qui de la SHC NOTE DE LA RÉDACTION determination of these opponents of the move, the scout now has a surplombe la rivière depuis la Pointe Nepean et sa name, and a Facebook page with more than 100 friends. Urban réinstallation dans un buisson au parc Major’s Hill, a été une Iroquois Jeff Thomas, the artist in residence during the colloquium, mauvaise idée. La statue agenouillée là depuis le tricentenaire staged a dialogue with him, speaking of the view from the now empty témoignait d'un art public colonial qui ne devrait être ni spot where the scout had stood for 90 years. The night before, the effacé, ni oublié. Grâce au travail scrutateur, à l’humour et à la newly named Gichi Zibi Omaami Winini Anishinaabe/ Lasagna/ Joe détermination de ces opposants du déménagement, had been honoured by an alternative sound and light show, in echo of l’éclaireur a un nom, un site surFacebook et des douzaines d’« the official ceremony staged around Samuel. amis ». L’Iroquois urbain Jeff Thomas, artiste en résidence durant le colloque, a mis en scène pour l’occasion un dialogue avec l’éclaireur, une entrevue concernant ses états d’âme et ses “Chasing the Unicorn” observations, après 90 ans juché sur la plateforme aujourd’hui The story of this extraordinary dance was not unlike vacante. La nuit précédente, le désormais dénommé Gichi the visual and theatrical work of Weiwei and Thomas: Zibi Omaami Winini Anishinaabe/ Lasagna/ Joe a reçu It was with more than a little trepidation that I deposited my a source of wonder, an invitation to contemplate l'honneur d’un spectacle de son et lumière personnalisé, en doctoral thesis at the University of Ottawa this past September. écho aux illuminations peu critiques de la figure de Samuel, These feelings were, of course, accompanied by a great deal of uncharted ways to navigate between past and present ... de l’autre côté de la rue. satisfaction and relief at having (nearly) completed a project that I have been working on for years now, and for which I remain Le récit de cette danse extraordinaire ne fut pas sans Le mot de la fin appartient au danseur, artiste et curateur passionate. My trepidation stems from the usual feelings of Odawa M’Chigeeng, Barry Ace, qui a rendu visite à deux anxiety that come with submitting a thesis: I pray to Clio for a rappeler aux étudiants l’effet du travail visuel et classes assemblées d’histoire coloniale comparée et d’histoire speedy administrative process and for a timely and successful théâtral de Weiwei et de Thomas : ces source des autochtones canadiens, pour raconter son voyage à Paris defence. I hope the readers are satisfied with the work, but I also 4 d'émerveillement, sont aussi un appel à contempler en 2010. Ace a suivi les traces européennes de danseurs look forward to discussing it in detail with five different people Ojibwa qui avaient traversé l’Atlantique en 1844, en tant que who have actually read it! des façons inédites de naviguer entre passé et présent ... membres de la troupe des tableaux vivants de George Caitlin, Instead of creating more full-time, tenure-track positions dont le bateau transportait aussi des peintures d’Indiens While putting my faith in Clio, I find myself pondering another to teach the record number of undergraduate students, américains de même que deux grizzlys. En présentant sa Greek legend. For, you see, as I approach the end of my degree, I universities are increasingly relying on part-time The final word comes from Odawa M’Chigeeng, dancer, artist and chorégraphie dans trois lieux publics parisiens et une salle de find myself reflecting upon my long-term employment prospects. lecturers, who are paid lower wages, have few benefits, curator Barry Ace, who came to my department last week, to report to classe, et en appelant les noms de Maungwudaus et ses At the moment, I am looking forward to taking up a postdoctoral and have no guarantee of future employment. What is the students of two classes – on comparative colonialisms and compagnons qui n’avaient pas été prononcés outremer fellowship in the winter. But, naturally, I must also contemplate more, these sessional professors do much of the heavy Aboriginal history – on the trip he made to Paris in 2010.4 Dancing in depuis près de deux siècles, Ace a accompli un « acte what the future may hold beyond the postdoc. Today, it seems, lifting by teaching large survey and methodology the footsteps of Ojibwa dancers of 1844, who crossed the Atlantic with réparateur. » Le danseur a partagé ses méthodes de recherche tenure-track job openings have a lot in common with unicorns – courses that (some) tenured professors prefer to avoid George Caitlin “tableaux vivant,” with grizzly bears and portraits of avec son auditoire d’étudiants de l’Université Carleton, parlé people have alleged that they exist, but one cannot help but in favour of the smaller, more specialized senior North American “Indians” aboard, Ace planned one classroom and des efforts de son collègue Robert Houle en vue de mettre en wonder whether they are more myth than reality. undergraduate seminar classes. The statistics are three outdoor performances, dressed in full regalia, calling out the valeur et d’étudier les dessins qu’Eugène Delacroix a telling. According toMaclean’s , only 12% of PhDs names of Maungwudaus and his companions, who had not been esquissés lors du passage des Ojibwas, et de la façon dont I would be the first to argue that a PhD in History provides its under 35 years of age employed at universities held uttered overseas for almost two centuries, “A Reparative Act.” Ace Delacroix traitait le passé des Autochtones comme l’ « own rewards: pursuing one’s research interests, becoming tenure or tenure-track positions in 2007 – before the showed what documents he used for his research, spoke of his Antiquité » de l’Amérique. Les réactions multiples aux immersed in archival collections and the secondary literature, recession. In 1981, the rate was 35%.3 The situation south of colleague Robert Houle’s attempt to shed light on the forgotten pérégrinations de Ace dans les rues de la capital française lui engaging in a highly stimulating intellectual environment with the border is not much better. There, academic job listings in drawings Eugène Delacroix did of the dancers during their stay, and of ont donné, dit-il, la chance d’apprécier ce à quoi les danseurs students and professors as colleagues, having the opportunity to history are 40% lower than they were before the recession, while Delacroix’s understanding of Aboriginal pasts as North America’s et leurs familles ont dû faire face il y a 170 ans, maladie, lecture, present at learned conferences, and publish in scholarly PhD enrolment continues to rise.4 In some history fields, the “antiquity.” The many reactions to Ace’s whereabouts in the street of attentes, curiosité, mépris et reconnaissance fraternelle journals. These are the things that bright-eyed and bushy-tailed average number of applicants per job opening is as high as eighty- the French capital gave him, he said, an appreciation of what the incluses. À en juger par leurs questions, le récit de cette danse undergrads dream of. They generally do not, however, pay the five people.5 Stiff competition indeed! dancers and their families might have encountered – sickness, delays, extraordinaire ne fut pas sans rappeler aux étudiants l’effet du bills. curiosity, spite and brotherly understanding included. For the one travail visuel et théâtral de Weiwei et de Thomas : ces source For new PhDs, even landing a sessional teaching position can hundred students in the room, the story of this extraordinary dance d'émerveillement, sont aussi un appel à contempler des “These days,” writesMaclean’s columnist Charlie Gillis, “a be problematic. Universities often have seniority regimes that was not unlike the visual and theatrical work of Weiwei and Thomas: a façons inédites de naviguer entre passé et présent, et une doctorate is as likely to inspire pity as veneration.” Ouch! Mr. Gillis source of wonder, an invitation to contemplate uncharted ways to démonstration des innombrables significations qui may be terse, but he has a point: the job prospects for new PhDs are 1 http://oncampus.macleans.ca/education/2013/06/03/are-ph-d-s-an-academic- navigate between past and present, and a powerful demonstration of surgissent lorsque « chaque génération », pour reprendre les grim, especially when it comes to obtaining stable employment in dead-zone/#more-55875 how meaningful “fragments” can become when “each generation,” to mots de Ace, prend le temps d’« infuser l’histoire de son their fields of study. Competition is stiff, with universities 2 http://oncampus.macleans.ca/education/2013/06/03/are-ph-d-s-an-academic- 1 take Ace’s words, takes care to “infuse history with their own propre savoir pour la rendre pertinente aujourd’hui. » churning out more PhDs than ever (nearly 5,000 in 2012 alone). dead-zone/#more-55875 knowledge to make it relevant to today.” Provincial governments across Canada have cut funds to 3 http://oncampus.macleans.ca/education/2013/06/03/are-ph-d-s-an-academic- 3 Champlain dans l’Anishinabe Aki: Histoires and mémoires d’une universities, which in turn have looked for ways to trim operating dead-zone/#more-55875 rencontre, 19-20 Septembre. Pour le site web et le dépot numérique, voir 4 http://oncampus.macleans.ca/education/2012/01/05/considering-graduate- http://champlaincolloquium.wordpress.com/ costs – with eyes squarely set on the humanities and social school-in-the-arts-or-social-sciences/#more-35440 4 Houle’s installation,Paris/Ojibwa , will be in Windsor until January. The 4 L’installation de Houle,Paris/Ojibwa , sera à Windsor jusqu’en janvier. Ace a sciences. At the same time, they have attempted to raise revenues 5 http://oncampus.macleans.ca/education/2012/01/05/considering-graduate- 2 catalogue contains an essay by Ace. écrit une texte qui sera inclus dans le catalogue. by increasing enrolment, which has reached 1.2 million. school-in-the-arts-or-social-sciences/#more-35440

2 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 3 CHA Secretaries EDITORS’ NOTE Secrétaires de la SHC NOTE DE LA RÉDACTION

give priority to people who have taught more courses in the past, with organizations that depend on government contracts. Some J’avais envoyé cet hiver les étudiants de mon cours for understandable reasons. But for new graduates with limited people overseeing hiring will unofficially screen out job experience, this creates an application process that is fraught with applicants with PhDs out of a concern that they will be unable to de méthode historique à Bibliothèque et archives uncertainty. It raises the question: what responsibility, if any, do transition from academic work, feel overqualified, and resent Canada. J’étais alors enthousiasmé par le succès post-secondary institutions have to provide temporary entry-level tasks that are “beneath” them. Official government de l’activité : les étudiants s’étaient lancés à la employment at a time when the job market is poor and they hiring practices mirror those in academia – more temporary simultaneously continue to accept more graduate students who, contract workers with low pay and no benefits, and fewer recherche de documents couvrant une période in turn, have made the expansion of the more lucrative permanent, stable career positions.6 (I know of at least one historique et un thème spécifique choisi en classe. undergraduate programmes possible? Moreover, participants in individual working under a temporary help services contract for La phase de recherche et de consultation des online academic message boards often discuss the stigma against the federal government who had seriously considered staying at long-time sessional professors when it comes to hiring for tenure- her old job as a barista because the tips paid better.) After having documents archivistiques avait ravi les étudiants, track positions. Paradoxically, history departments left academia, it can be hard to get back in. Working in a non- qui étaient fascinés par le processus de recherche appear to be more willing to hire new academic job can place limitations on pursuing research interests documentaire et la facilité relative avec laquelle ils PhDs to short-term positions before and publishing, which in turn can make history departments less committing to a longer-term interested in a candidate. avaient eu accès aux documents. arrangement. For new PhDs who have children, are It’s not all doom and gloom. The overall unemployment rate of Bibliothèque et Archives Canada married or in a serious PhDs is below the national average.7 At some universities, © Bibliothèque et Archives Canada nlc-11737 relationship, moving to take meanwhile, part-time positions earmarked for PhD students can up a sessional, one-year or allow them to get a foot in the door, and provide valuable teaching two-year contract can be experience. Teaching is a recurring theme in this edition of the L’automne est synonyme en Outaouais de plusieurs choses : les nécessaires à l’analyse d’un document d’archives. C’est difficult. We live in an age of Bulletin, and aspiring professors would do well to pay heed. In his arbres se départissent de leur feuillage, les outardes reprennent particulièrement vrai pour ceux qui ont choisi des archives balancing two careers and two article, Shawn Graham suggests that concerns over the allegedly leur migration vers le Sud et les étudiants de l’Université du militaires, truffées d’acronymes, d’abréviations et de termes incomes – uprooting the family, job-killing MOOCs (Massively Open Online Courses) may be Québec en Outaouais reprennent le chemin des salles de classe. techniques. Ils croyaient à tort que les documents « parleraient » asking one’s partner to give up overblown. Ian Milligan’s piece demonstrates that taking La reprise des activités d’enseignement m’offre l’occasion de d’eux-mêmes. Leur plus grande surprise fut sans doute la his or her job, and moving advantage of online research and teaching tools is easier than ever revenir sur un thème abordé il y quelques mois. difficulté de restituer la « profondeur » des documents choisis, children away from school and before. John Lutz and Keith Thor Carlson provide an intriguing c’est-à-dire, identifier les non-dits, les allusions obscures, les friends to pursue a term teaching look into a successful history field school with BC First Nations Vous vous souvenez sans doute comment j’avais envoyé cet hiver noms de personnages souvent secondaires et oubliés par contract with only the most that merits consideration elsewhere in Canada. In his column for les étudiants de mon cours de méthode historique à Bibliothèque l’Histoire, etc. ephemeral promise of future the “Teaching Corner,” Stephen High broadens our et archives Canada.J’étais alors enthousiasmé par le succès de employment can put a serious understanding of how oral history can be applied in the l’activité : les étudiants s’étaient lancés à la recherche de L’historien français Antoine Prost exprime bien l’expérience strain on relationships, and classroom, and in partnership with other disciplines. Bonny documents couvrant une période historique et un thème vécue par mes étudiants lorsqu’il rappelle qu’« il est une create uncertainty for the Ibwaho’s article on the intersections of African and Canadian spécifique choisi en classe. La phase de recherche et de conviction bien ancrée dans l’opinion publique c’est qu’en family budget. history testifies to the fact that Canadianists can look beyond our consultation des documents archivistiques avait ravi les histoire il y a des faits, et qu’il faut les savoir. […] On touche ici borders for new and fascinating directions in research. Finally, étudiants, qui étaient fascinés par le processus de recherche sans doute la différence majeure entre l’enseignement et la Of course, new PhDs Craig Heron’s reflections as a long-time member of the CHA documentaire et la facilité relative avec laquelle ils avaient eu recherche, entre l’histoire qui s’expose didactiquement et celle should not limit themselves to provide a hopeful reminder of the possibilities that may yet lie accès aux documents. Je dois rappeler que l’aide du personnel de qui s’élabore. Dans l’enseignement, les faits sont tous faits. Dans seeking employment at post- ahead for new PhD grads. BAC avait également contribué au succès de la première phase du la recherche, il faut les faire. » secondary institutions. Work travail. outside academia can be The tenure-stream job opening may not be as mythical as the Malgré les difficultés rencontrées par les étudiants, je compte extremely rewarding, and unicorn after all. Still, it remains a very rare bird indeed!. C’est par la suite que les choses se sont corsées… À reprendre l'exercice au semestre de l’hiver 2014. Non seulement la offers a chance to effect l’enthousiasme original succéda la surprise, l’incompréhension majorité des analyses furent de haut niveau, mais les étudiants ont change in ways that are not Robert Talbot et, dans certains cas, la panique! En fait, les étudiants furent compris la véritable nature du travail historique et des efforts always possible from the lofty English Language Secretary confrontés à la réalité du travail historique : la difficile déployés par les historiens pour proposer de nouvelles heights of the Ivory Tower. interprétation des sources. Plusieurs étudiants ont tenté poser sur interprétations et donner du sens au passé. For PhD graduates in History, leur document les connaissances apprises en classe, les analyses however, the current déjà croisées dans leurs travaux, bref, de calquer une Martin Laberge environment of fiscal restraint interprétation déjà faite sur un document archivistique. Secrétaire de la langue française does not bode well – the types Également, malgré mes avertissements, plusieurs étudiants ont of policy and research work for 6 http://www.psc-cfp.gc.ca/adt-vrf/rprt/2010/th-at/index-eng.htm#toc12 sérieusement sous-estimé les connaissances préalables which we are well suited are 7 http://oncampus.macleans.ca/education/2013/06/03/are-ph-d-s-an-academic- often found in government, or dead-zone/#more-55875

4 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 5 CHA Secretaries EDITORS’ NOTE Secrétaires de la SHC NOTE DE LA RÉDACTION give priority to people who have taught more courses in the past, with organizations that depend on government contracts. Some J’avais envoyé cet hiver les étudiants de mon cours for understandable reasons. But for new graduates with limited people overseeing hiring will unofficially screen out job experience, this creates an application process that is fraught with applicants with PhDs out of a concern that they will be unable to de méthode historique à Bibliothèque et archives uncertainty. It raises the question: what responsibility, if any, do transition from academic work, feel overqualified, and resent Canada. J’étais alors enthousiasmé par le succès post-secondary institutions have to provide temporary entry-level tasks that are “beneath” them. Official government de l’activité : les étudiants s’étaient lancés à la employment at a time when the job market is poor and they hiring practices mirror those in academia – more temporary simultaneously continue to accept more graduate students who, contract workers with low pay and no benefits, and fewer recherche de documents couvrant une période in turn, have made the expansion of the more lucrative permanent, stable career positions.6 (I know of at least one historique et un thème spécifique choisi en classe. undergraduate programmes possible? Moreover, participants in individual working under a temporary help services contract for La phase de recherche et de consultation des online academic message boards often discuss the stigma against the federal government who had seriously considered staying at long-time sessional professors when it comes to hiring for tenure- her old job as a barista because the tips paid better.) After having documents archivistiques avait ravi les étudiants, track positions. Paradoxically, history departments left academia, it can be hard to get back in. Working in a non- qui étaient fascinés par le processus de recherche appear to be more willing to hire new academic job can place limitations on pursuing research interests documentaire et la facilité relative avec laquelle ils PhDs to short-term positions before and publishing, which in turn can make history departments less committing to a longer-term interested in a candidate. avaient eu accès aux documents. arrangement. For new PhDs who have children, are It’s not all doom and gloom. The overall unemployment rate of Bibliothèque et Archives Canada married or in a serious PhDs is below the national average.7 At some universities, © Bibliothèque et Archives Canada nlc-11737 relationship, moving to take meanwhile, part-time positions earmarked for PhD students can up a sessional, one-year or allow them to get a foot in the door, and provide valuable teaching two-year contract can be experience. Teaching is a recurring theme in this edition of the L’automne est synonyme en Outaouais de plusieurs choses : les nécessaires à l’analyse d’un document d’archives. C’est difficult. We live in an age of Bulletin, and aspiring professors would do well to pay heed. In his arbres se départissent de leur feuillage, les outardes reprennent particulièrement vrai pour ceux qui ont choisi des archives balancing two careers and two article, Shawn Graham suggests that concerns over the allegedly leur migration vers le Sud et les étudiants de l’Université du militaires, truffées d’acronymes, d’abréviations et de termes incomes – uprooting the family, job-killing MOOCs (Massively Open Online Courses) may be Québec en Outaouais reprennent le chemin des salles de classe. techniques. Ils croyaient à tort que les documents « parleraient » asking one’s partner to give up overblown. Ian Milligan’s piece demonstrates that taking La reprise des activités d’enseignement m’offre l’occasion de d’eux-mêmes. Leur plus grande surprise fut sans doute la his or her job, and moving advantage of online research and teaching tools is easier than ever revenir sur un thème abordé il y quelques mois. difficulté de restituer la « profondeur » des documents choisis, children away from school and before. John Lutz and Keith Thor Carlson provide an intriguing c’est-à-dire, identifier les non-dits, les allusions obscures, les friends to pursue a term teaching look into a successful history field school with BC First Nations Vous vous souvenez sans doute comment j’avais envoyé cet hiver noms de personnages souvent secondaires et oubliés par contract with only the most that merits consideration elsewhere in Canada. In his column for les étudiants de mon cours de méthode historique à Bibliothèque l’Histoire, etc. ephemeral promise of future the “Teaching Corner,” Stephen High broadens our et archives Canada.J’étais alors enthousiasmé par le succès de employment can put a serious understanding of how oral history can be applied in the l’activité : les étudiants s’étaient lancés à la recherche de L’historien français Antoine Prost exprime bien l’expérience strain on relationships, and classroom, and in partnership with other disciplines. Bonny documents couvrant une période historique et un thème vécue par mes étudiants lorsqu’il rappelle qu’« il est une create uncertainty for the Ibwaho’s article on the intersections of African and Canadian spécifique choisi en classe. La phase de recherche et de conviction bien ancrée dans l’opinion publique c’est qu’en family budget. history testifies to the fact that Canadianists can look beyond our consultation des documents archivistiques avait ravi les histoire il y a des faits, et qu’il faut les savoir. […] On touche ici borders for new and fascinating directions in research. Finally, étudiants, qui étaient fascinés par le processus de recherche sans doute la différence majeure entre l’enseignement et la Of course, new PhDs Craig Heron’s reflections as a long-time member of the CHA documentaire et la facilité relative avec laquelle ils avaient eu recherche, entre l’histoire qui s’expose didactiquement et celle should not limit themselves to provide a hopeful reminder of the possibilities that may yet lie accès aux documents. Je dois rappeler que l’aide du personnel de qui s’élabore. Dans l’enseignement, les faits sont tous faits. Dans seeking employment at post- ahead for new PhD grads. BAC avait également contribué au succès de la première phase du la recherche, il faut les faire. » secondary institutions. Work travail. outside academia can be The tenure-stream job opening may not be as mythical as the Malgré les difficultés rencontrées par les étudiants, je compte extremely rewarding, and unicorn after all. Still, it remains a very rare bird indeed!. C’est par la suite que les choses se sont corsées… À reprendre l'exercice au semestre de l’hiver 2014. Non seulement la offers a chance to effect l’enthousiasme original succéda la surprise, l’incompréhension majorité des analyses furent de haut niveau, mais les étudiants ont change in ways that are not Robert Talbot et, dans certains cas, la panique! En fait, les étudiants furent compris la véritable nature du travail historique et des efforts always possible from the lofty English Language Secretary confrontés à la réalité du travail historique : la difficile déployés par les historiens pour proposer de nouvelles heights of the Ivory Tower. interprétation des sources. Plusieurs étudiants ont tenté poser sur interprétations et donner du sens au passé. For PhD graduates in History, leur document les connaissances apprises en classe, les analyses however, the current déjà croisées dans leurs travaux, bref, de calquer une Martin Laberge environment of fiscal restraint interprétation déjà faite sur un document archivistique. Secrétaire de la langue française does not bode well – the types Également, malgré mes avertissements, plusieurs étudiants ont of policy and research work for 6 http://www.psc-cfp.gc.ca/adt-vrf/rprt/2010/th-at/index-eng.htm#toc12 sérieusement sous-estimé les connaissances préalables which we are well suited are 7 http://oncampus.macleans.ca/education/2013/06/03/are-ph-d-s-an-academic- often found in government, or dead-zone/#more-55875

4 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 5 CHA Office News from 130 Albert Bureau de la SHC Nouvelles du 130, rue Albert

Site Internet

Il me semble que c’était hier que la SHC changeait son site Internet. En fait, c’était en 2010. Avant cette date, la SHC devait s’en remettre à un webmestre pour ajouter quoi que ce soit ou pour corriger la moindre faute de frappe sur son site. Le processus était terriblement lent, coûteux à entretenir et préjudiciable à l’image de la SHC. Par conséquent, l’association avait alors décidé de créer un nouveau site à l’aide d’un système de gestion de contenu, ce qui permettait au bureau de la SHC d’afficher les Website textes et images soi-même. Bien que ce fût une énorme amélioration sur le site précédent, le présent site a pris du retard – It seems like only yesterday that the CHA changed its website. In fact, près de 4 ans, c’est une éternité en termes de technologie Web. it was in 2010. Prior to that time, the CHA had to rely on a webmaster to add anything or to correct the smallest typo on its website. The En conséquence, le site Internet de la SHC fait encore une fois process was agonisingly slow,expensive to maintain and detrimental peau neuve, à un moment on ne peut plus propice – le lancement to CHA’s image. Hence, the association then decided to create a new de notre campagne d’adhésion 2014. Notre nouveau site utilisera site using a Content Management System, which allowed the CHA une conception qui s’adapte automatiquement à la taille de office to update the content. While this was a huge improvement on l‘écran qu’il soit consulté sur ordinateur, tablette ou lecteur de the preceding website, the present site has fallen behind in terms of livres numériques. Il permettra également l’intégration des technology – nearly 4 years is an eternity in web technology. plateformes de nos réseaux sociaux sur notre site pour maximiser la présence de notre société en ligne. Enfin, après avoir payé pour As a result, the CHA is revamping its website yet again, just in time la nouvelle conception, la SHC économisera beaucoup en termes for our 2014 membership drive. It will be based on a built-in d’hébergement. La SHC pourra profiter de ce nouveau site pour responsive design ready for any device, from phone to tablet to e- plusieurs années. (Voir la capture d’écran ci-dessus et les pages book reader. It will also allow our website and social media platforms centrales de ce numéro.) to work together to maximize the online exposure of our association. Finally, after having paid for the new design, the CHA will save big in De l’imprimé à l’édition numérique terms of hosting. This new site should serve the CHA well for years to come. (See screen capture above and this edition’s colour insert.) Les prédictions de la disparition précipitée de l’édition imprimée dans la foulée de l’expansion de l’Internet étaient prématurées, du Print vs Online Publishing moins en ce qui concerne les membres de la SHC, plus particulièrement dans le cas de la série de brochures Les Groupes Predictions of the wholesale demise of the print and publishing ethniques du Canada de la SHC. De nombreux membres de la industry in light of the advent of the Internet were premature; at least société ne sont pas tout à fait prêts à renoncer aux documents as far as CHA members are concerned, more particularly in the case imprimés en faveur d’une lecture numérique. of CHA’sCanada’s Ethnic Groups Booklet Series. A large number of members are not quite ready to abandon printed material in favour Le bureau de la SHC, en prévision de la prochaine publication de of e-reading. la prochaine brochure de la série ethnique, a effectué un court sondage demandant à ses membres s’ils préfèreraient lire en ligne The CHA office, in anticipation of the forthcoming publication of ou la version imprimée. Ceux qui ont répondu (161) étaient the next booklet in the ethnic series, conducted a short poll asking its partagés quant à leur préférence avec 83 qui désiraient recevoir members if they would prefer to read it online or in print. Those who une copie imprimée tandis que 78 étaient heureux de les lire en responded (161) were almost evenly divided as to their preference ligne. Il convient de noter que les membres des deux côtés de with 83 wanting to receive a print copy while 78 were happy to read it l’argument étaient très flexibles et qu’ils s’accommoderaient au online. It should be noted that members on both sides of the consensus. En raison de l’absence de consensus, l’exécutif a argument were highly flexible and said that they would go along with décidé de maintenir le statu quo et de publier les brochures à venir the consensus. As a result of the lack of consensus, the Executive has de la série en format imprimé et les rendre accessibles en version decided to maintain the status quo and publish the remaining numérique sur le site Internet de BAC. brochures in the series in print and electronic format as in the past.

Michel Duquet Michel Duquet Directeur général Executive Director

6 Société historique du Canada News from the Field History Departments and Cultural Institutions Nouvelles du milieu Départements d’histoire et institutions culturelles

University of Alberta are on research and scholarship leave (RSL); Annette Timm is on RSL in Fall 2013; Alexander Hill, Heather Devine, and Mark Dr. Kenneth Mouré is the Department’s Konnert are on RSL in Winter 2014. Chair. Leaves: Jaymie Heilman (Sabbatical July 1, 2013 – June 30, 2014); Rebecca Mancuso, Bowling Green State University, is Fulbright Adam Kemezis (Sabbatical July 1, 2013 – Canada Visiting Research Chair in Fall 2013; her research project June 30, 2014); Jane Samson (Sabbatical is entitled “‘Nothing but July 1, 2013 – December 31, 2013); Susan Debts and Worries’: Smith (Sabbatical July 1, 2013 – December Canada’s Three Thousand 31, 2013). Retirements: Scot Robertson Family Scheme and Empire (August 31, 2013). Resignation: Deana Settlement, 1919-1939. Heath (August 31, 2013). In September 2012, Laurie Mercier is a Fullbright Scholar (September 1, 2013 – Stephen J. Randall received December 31, 2013); Tolly Bradford and Joann Freed are Adjunct a Lifetime Public Service Assistant Professors (July 1, 2013 – June 30, 2016); Philip Van Achievement Award from the Canadian Council for the Huizen is a SSHRC Post-Doctoral Fellow (August 1, 2013 – July Americas. David Bercuson received the Queen’sDiamond Jubilee 31, 2015). Medal in November 2012. Donald B. Smith (emeritus) was inducted into the Order of the University of Calgary in June 2013. The LH Thomas Lecture on February 6, 2014 will be given by John Ferris was named Killam Annual Professor for 2013-14. Fredrik Logevall, Cornell University. George Colpitts’s article, “Provisioning the HBC: Market Our faculty,undergraduate and graduate numbers are declining. Economies in the British Buffalo Commons in the Early Nineteenth Century,” published in the Western Historical Algoma University Quarterly (2012), won the 2012 Robert F. Heizer Prize, awarded by the American Society for Ethnohistory. Warren Johnston is chair of the department and has been elected as the Paul Chastko’s article, “Anonymity and Ambivalence: The Senate representative to the Board of Canadian and American Oil Industries and the Emergence of Governors for 2013/16. History at Continental Oil," published in the Journal of American History AlgomaU continues to grow with new (2012), won the Petroleum History Society’s article of the year course offerings planned or recently award. introduced in Historical Methods, Mesoamerica, and Public History. The Public History option will combine in-class Paul Stortz’s article (co-authored with E. Lisa Panayotidis), “The introductions to the field with off-campus project based Mythic Campus and the Professorial Life: A. Scott Carter's experiences for senior students. Our program's dedication to Pictorial Map of the University of Toronto, 1937,” published in the Aboriginal learning is has been enhanced by the further History of Education Review (2011), won the 2010-12 English development of the Shingwauk Residential Schools Centre and Language Article Prize in the History of Education from the the Aboriginal Healing Foundation Resource Centre. Robert History of Education Association Conference and the 2012 Rutherdale is on sabbatical and Marisha Caswell has assumed the Emerald Literati Network Outstanding Paper Award for the best duties of a full-time term appointment in British History for article in that journal. 2013/14. The department’s participation in offering history programming at our new extension facilities in St. Thomas Ken MacMillan received a SSHRC Insight Grant; Frank Ontario has resulted in a doubling of our course offerings to Stahnisch received a SSHRC Insight Development Grant; and include Canadian history. Overall enrollment continues to Stephen Randall received a SSHRC Conference Grant. increase. A tenure-track position is anticipated. Betsy Jameson was nominated president-elect of the Western University of Calgary History Association.

Dr. Hendrik Kraay is the Department’s Chair. Ken MacMillan Our faculty numbers are maintaining. Undergraduate numbers was promoted to full professor. Lyndsay Campbell transferred to have declined slightly; the number of graduate students is steady. the department. In 2013-14, Warren Elofson and David Wright

Canadian Historical Association 7 Carleton University 2013-2014. She is spending time in Thessaloniki, Greece, following his secondment to the position of Acting Associate Dean Sep 19 - the Museum hosts the launch of children's book, “Pīsim working on a book devoted to the history of Ancient Macedon. of Arts; he has been appointed Chair of the Department of Finds Her Miskanow,” by storyteller William Dumas with Dr. Dominique Marshall is the Dr. Rainer Baehre will be on sabbatical leave during the Winter Humanities for 2013-2014. Dr. Ian Armour, Dr. J. Robert Falconer, illustrations by Leonard Paul. The story of a young Cree woman's Department’s Chair. New cross 2014 semester. The Historical and Dr. Robert Irwin were promoted to the rank of Associate life journey in the mid 1600s is based on a 1993 archaeological appointments: Roy Hanes, Social Work Studies program is undergoing a Professor of History. Dr. Benjamin Garstad was promoted to the find of the Museum's archaeology team at Nagami Bay, South and Monica Patterson, Childhood University-mandated program rank of Associate Professor of Classics. Indian Lake, MB. Studies. New member of faculty is review,its first in nearly ten years. Danile McNeil, History of the Black Dr. Higgins’s appointment has increased the total number of Nov 28 – opening of the mini-diorama “Aschkibokahn,” a Diaspora, effective July 1 2014. Paul In terms of faculty membership; history faculty members in the Department. MacEwan University permanent exhibit in the Parklands/Mixed Woods Gallery Nelles is on sabbatical leave. there is no change in numbers, is an undergraduate university and the number of history majors portraying Algonkian seasonal life based on archaeological though those on sabbatical leave (see above) are not being has remained relatively stable for the last three years. evidence uncovered at the mouth of Duck River, Lake Special events this year include the Shannon Lecture Series on the replaced during their absence. In terms of undergraduate and Winnipegosis. History of Food, October-November 2013; the Underhill graduate growth in our department; overall, there has been a The Manitoba Museum Graduate Colloquium with guest speaker in March 2014 and an slight increase in numbers, both at the program level and for the exhibition on Champlain’s Astrolabe in the department until Grenfell Campus as a whole. The Museum director is December 2013. Claudette Leclerc. Amelia Fay Guelph University (doctoral candidate in New doctoral programs in European and African, Latin Archaeology at Memorial American and Caribbean Studies were formally accepted. We Dr. Catherine Carstairs is the University) commences the full- also have collaboration in the new MA program in Digital Department’s Chair. Our time position of Curator of the Humanities. Faculty numbers have slowly been decreasing in the Scottish Studies Foundation Hudson’s Bay Company Museum Collection, taking over from Dr. last five years. The numbers of undergraduate and graduate Chair, Graeme Morton, left for Jamie Morton, who resigned to take the position of director of the students are in slow decline. the Chair of Modern History at Alberni Valley Museum, in Port Alberni, BC. Amelia’s doctoral the University of Dundee. Renee Worringer and Tara Abraham dissertation focuses on Inuit-European contact along the Labrador All Department Heads for the University of Manitoba since 1969, with Concordia University received tenure and were appointed Associate Professor. Cathryn coast from the 16th through 19th centuries, studying the effects of the exception of George Schultz (who was Department Head from 1971- Spence is doing a SSHRC postdoc in our department. Jennifer contact within Labrador Inuit society and the Inuit response to a 78) and is deceased. Tous les directeurs du département d'histoire de l'Université du Dr. Nora Jaffary is the Bonnell and Ian Mosby held SSHRC postdoctoral fellowships in growing European presence, including the Hudson’s Bay Manitoba depuis 1969, à l'exception de George Schultz (qui était Department’s Chair. Fred Bode our Department in 2012-3 while Rebecca Lenihan and Andrew Company. Dr. Maureen Matthews, Curator of Ethnology, has directeur de 1971 à 78) et qui est décédé. retired after 40 years of service. On Ross also continued as postdoctoral fellows. accepted a three-year appointment as Adjunct Professor in the sabbatical for all or part of 2013- Department of Anthropology at the University of Manitoba. Dr. 14: Wilson Jacob, Erica Lehrer, This is the University of Guelph's 50th Anniversary, so there were Roland Sawatzky, Curator of History, continues his two-year term University of Manitoba Eric Reiter, Andrew Ivaska, Shannon McSheffrey, Carolyn Fick. be lots of events around that, including the Conversat Ball, which as Adjunct Professor in the Department of Anthropology at the On research leave for the fall of 2013: Tim Sedo. On parental leave will be held as part of Alumni Weekend on Saturday June 21st. University of Winnipeg. Dr. Tina Chen is the Department’s Chair. Promotions and New for part of 2013-14: Rachel Berger. Norman Smith was awarded a SSHRC connection grant. In terms Hires: Robin Jarvis Brownlie and Adele Perry were promoted to of faculty membership; our numbers are maintaining. In terms of Our curatorial complement remains unchanged at 6.6 FTEs (3.6 Professor while Julie Gibbings is a new hire, Assistant Professor There will be several guest speakers this year at the “History in the undergraduate and graduate growth in our department; Human History, 3.0 Natural History). The Manitoba Museum (area of specialization: Latin America). Awards: Esyllt Jones’ Making” Graduate Student Conference, Centre for Oral History undergraduate numbers are declining; graduate numbers are provides practical work experience for both undergraduate and book Imagining Winnipeg: History through the Photographs of L.B. and Digital Storytelling Departmental Workshop Series, and fairly steady. graduate students undertaking research and practicum Foote, won Best Illustrated Book at the Winnipeg Book Awards, these events organized by COHDS. We are co-sponsoring this requirements in their academic fields of study: April 28, 2013. special event with CEREV and MIGS: Huron University College http://storytelling.concordia.ca/events/two-sided-story-film- 2012-13 Alexandra Kroeger (Master of Arts in Cultural Studies Erik Thomson won the University of Manitoba’s 2012 RH Award screening. We have launched an audio walk around the Lachine Dr. Amy Bell is the Department’s [History], University of Winnipeg); in the Humanities. These honours are given to academic staff Canal (http://postindustrialmontreal.ca/audiowalks/canal) in Chair. New Hire in World members who are in the early stages of their careers and who June and a special tour will be taking place in October: History- Dr. Geoff Read. Dr. Doug Leighton will retire in 2014. 2013-14 Sarah Freeborn (undergraduate Summer Research display exceptional innovation, leadership and promise in their http://storytelling.concordia.ca/events/canal-audio-walk- The department will be hiring in Canadian History in the fall of Assistantship, University of Manitoba), Richard Laurin respective fields. Erik Thomson was awarded the University of around-lachine-canal. COHDS is also organizing this public talk 2013. In terms of faculty membership; our numbers are (Master of Museum Studies Internship, University of Toronto), Manitoba Faculty of Arts Excellence in Teaching Award in the in partnership with Concordia’s First Peoples’ Studies Program: maintaining. In terms of undergraduate and graduate growth in Kristina Misurka (Master of Arts in Cultural Studies New Faculty category. http://storytelling.concordia.ca/events/oral-history-trial- our department; our numbers are growing. [Anthropology], University of Winnipeg). recognizing-aboriginal-narratives-courts. Current SSHRC holders in the department are: Ben Baader, In terms of faculty membership; our numbers are maintaining. MacEwan University Apr 25-Sep 16 - the Museum recently partnered with La SSHRC Standard Research Grant, 2010-2013; Joyce Chadya, The undergraduate numbers are slightly down this year whereas Compagnie de La Vérendrye to host the exhibit, “Fort Rouge: SSHRC Standard Research Grant, 2011-2014; Tina Chen, the Graduate program is holding steady. Dr. Robert Irwin is the Commemorating 275 Years of French Presence in Manitoba.” Principal Investigator, SSHRC Insight Grant, 2012-2015; David Department’s Chair. Dr. David Churchill, SSHRC Insight Grant, 2012-2017; Esyllt Jones and Grenfell Campus, Memorial University Higgins has returned to the Jun 14 - signing of a Memorandum of Understanding with the Adele Perry, SSHRC, Public Outreach Open Category, 2012- Department after serving as Canadian Museum of Civilization to participate in its newly 2014; Jorge Nállim, SSHRC, Insight Development Grant, 2012- Dr. Olaf U. Janzen is the Program Chair. Dr. Carol King Dean of Arts and Science for created History Museum Network and has commenced 2014. (Classics), a member of our program, is on sabbatical leave in seven years. Dr. Robert Irwin has returned to the Department discussions on its first collaborative project.

8 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 9 Carleton University 2013-2014. She is spending time in Thessaloniki, Greece, following his secondment to the position of Acting Associate Dean Sep 19 - the Museum hosts the launch of children's book, “Pīsim working on a book devoted to the history of Ancient Macedon. of Arts; he has been appointed Chair of the Department of Finds Her Miskanow,” by storyteller William Dumas with Dr. Dominique Marshall is the Dr. Rainer Baehre will be on sabbatical leave during the Winter Humanities for 2013-2014. Dr. Ian Armour, Dr. J. Robert Falconer, illustrations by Leonard Paul. The story of a young Cree woman's Department’s Chair. New cross 2014 semester. The Historical and Dr. Robert Irwin were promoted to the rank of Associate life journey in the mid 1600s is based on a 1993 archaeological appointments: Roy Hanes, Social Work Studies program is undergoing a Professor of History. Dr. Benjamin Garstad was promoted to the find of the Museum's archaeology team at Nagami Bay, South and Monica Patterson, Childhood University-mandated program rank of Associate Professor of Classics. Indian Lake, MB. Studies. New member of faculty is review,its first in nearly ten years. Danile McNeil, History of the Black Dr. Higgins’s appointment has increased the total number of Nov 28 – opening of the mini-diorama “Aschkibokahn,” a Diaspora, effective July 1 2014. Paul In terms of faculty membership; history faculty members in the Department. MacEwan University permanent exhibit in the Parklands/Mixed Woods Gallery Nelles is on sabbatical leave. there is no change in numbers, is an undergraduate university and the number of history majors portraying Algonkian seasonal life based on archaeological though those on sabbatical leave (see above) are not being has remained relatively stable for the last three years. evidence uncovered at the mouth of Duck River, Lake Special events this year include the Shannon Lecture Series on the replaced during their absence. In terms of undergraduate and Winnipegosis. History of Food, October-November 2013; the Underhill graduate growth in our department; overall, there has been a The Manitoba Museum Graduate Colloquium with guest speaker in March 2014 and an slight increase in numbers, both at the program level and for the exhibition on Champlain’s Astrolabe in the department until Grenfell Campus as a whole. The Museum director is December 2013. Claudette Leclerc. Amelia Fay Guelph University (doctoral candidate in New doctoral programs in European and African, Latin Archaeology at Memorial American and Caribbean Studies were formally accepted. We Dr. Catherine Carstairs is the University) commences the full- also have collaboration in the new MA program in Digital Department’s Chair. Our time position of Curator of the Humanities. Faculty numbers have slowly been decreasing in the Scottish Studies Foundation Hudson’s Bay Company Museum Collection, taking over from Dr. last five years. The numbers of undergraduate and graduate Chair, Graeme Morton, left for Jamie Morton, who resigned to take the position of director of the students are in slow decline. the Chair of Modern History at Alberni Valley Museum, in Port Alberni, BC. Amelia’s doctoral the University of Dundee. Renee Worringer and Tara Abraham dissertation focuses on Inuit-European contact along the Labrador All Department Heads for the University of Manitoba since 1969, with Concordia University received tenure and were appointed Associate Professor. Cathryn coast from the 16th through 19th centuries, studying the effects of the exception of George Schultz (who was Department Head from 1971- Spence is doing a SSHRC postdoc in our department. Jennifer contact within Labrador Inuit society and the Inuit response to a 78) and is deceased. Tous les directeurs du département d'histoire de l'Université du Dr. Nora Jaffary is the Bonnell and Ian Mosby held SSHRC postdoctoral fellowships in growing European presence, including the Hudson’s Bay Manitoba depuis 1969, à l'exception de George Schultz (qui était Department’s Chair. Fred Bode our Department in 2012-3 while Rebecca Lenihan and Andrew Company. Dr. Maureen Matthews, Curator of Ethnology, has directeur de 1971 à 78) et qui est décédé. retired after 40 years of service. On Ross also continued as postdoctoral fellows. accepted a three-year appointment as Adjunct Professor in the sabbatical for all or part of 2013- Department of Anthropology at the University of Manitoba. Dr. 14: Wilson Jacob, Erica Lehrer, This is the University of Guelph's 50th Anniversary, so there were Roland Sawatzky, Curator of History, continues his two-year term University of Manitoba Eric Reiter, Andrew Ivaska, Shannon McSheffrey, Carolyn Fick. be lots of events around that, including the Conversat Ball, which as Adjunct Professor in the Department of Anthropology at the On research leave for the fall of 2013: Tim Sedo. On parental leave will be held as part of Alumni Weekend on Saturday June 21st. University of Winnipeg. Dr. Tina Chen is the Department’s Chair. Promotions and New for part of 2013-14: Rachel Berger. Norman Smith was awarded a SSHRC connection grant. In terms Hires: Robin Jarvis Brownlie and Adele Perry were promoted to of faculty membership; our numbers are maintaining. In terms of Our curatorial complement remains unchanged at 6.6 FTEs (3.6 Professor while Julie Gibbings is a new hire, Assistant Professor There will be several guest speakers this year at the “History in the undergraduate and graduate growth in our department; Human History, 3.0 Natural History). The Manitoba Museum (area of specialization: Latin America). Awards: Esyllt Jones’ Making” Graduate Student Conference, Centre for Oral History undergraduate numbers are declining; graduate numbers are provides practical work experience for both undergraduate and book Imagining Winnipeg: History through the Photographs of L.B. and Digital Storytelling Departmental Workshop Series, and fairly steady. graduate students undertaking research and practicum Foote, won Best Illustrated Book at the Winnipeg Book Awards, these events organized by COHDS. We are co-sponsoring this requirements in their academic fields of study: April 28, 2013. special event with CEREV and MIGS: Huron University College http://storytelling.concordia.ca/events/two-sided-story-film- 2012-13 Alexandra Kroeger (Master of Arts in Cultural Studies Erik Thomson won the University of Manitoba’s 2012 RH Award screening. We have launched an audio walk around the Lachine Dr. Amy Bell is the Department’s [History], University of Winnipeg); in the Humanities. These honours are given to academic staff Canal (http://postindustrialmontreal.ca/audiowalks/canal) in Chair. New Hire in World members who are in the early stages of their careers and who June and a special tour will be taking place in October: History- Dr. Geoff Read. Dr. Doug Leighton will retire in 2014. 2013-14 Sarah Freeborn (undergraduate Summer Research display exceptional innovation, leadership and promise in their http://storytelling.concordia.ca/events/canal-audio-walk- The department will be hiring in Canadian History in the fall of Assistantship, University of Manitoba), Richard Laurin respective fields. Erik Thomson was awarded the University of around-lachine-canal. COHDS is also organizing this public talk 2013. In terms of faculty membership; our numbers are (Master of Museum Studies Internship, University of Toronto), Manitoba Faculty of Arts Excellence in Teaching Award in the in partnership with Concordia’s First Peoples’ Studies Program: maintaining. In terms of undergraduate and graduate growth in Kristina Misurka (Master of Arts in Cultural Studies New Faculty category. http://storytelling.concordia.ca/events/oral-history-trial- our department; our numbers are growing. [Anthropology], University of Winnipeg). recognizing-aboriginal-narratives-courts. Current SSHRC holders in the department are: Ben Baader, In terms of faculty membership; our numbers are maintaining. MacEwan University Apr 25-Sep 16 - the Museum recently partnered with La SSHRC Standard Research Grant, 2010-2013; Joyce Chadya, The undergraduate numbers are slightly down this year whereas Compagnie de La Vérendrye to host the exhibit, “Fort Rouge: SSHRC Standard Research Grant, 2011-2014; Tina Chen, the Graduate program is holding steady. Dr. Robert Irwin is the Commemorating 275 Years of French Presence in Manitoba.” Principal Investigator, SSHRC Insight Grant, 2012-2015; David Department’s Chair. Dr. David Churchill, SSHRC Insight Grant, 2012-2017; Esyllt Jones and Grenfell Campus, Memorial University Higgins has returned to the Jun 14 - signing of a Memorandum of Understanding with the Adele Perry, SSHRC, Public Outreach Open Category, 2012- Department after serving as Canadian Museum of Civilization to participate in its newly 2014; Jorge Nállim, SSHRC, Insight Development Grant, 2012- Dr. Olaf U. Janzen is the Program Chair. Dr. Carol King Dean of Arts and Science for created History Museum Network and has commenced 2014. (Classics), a member of our program, is on sabbatical leave in seven years. Dr. Robert Irwin has returned to the Department discussions on its first collaborative project.

8 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 9 McMaster University is on sabbatical until the end of December 2012. Reg Stuart human-nature relations in the past, particularly within the BLAKE BROWN WINS ANNUAL BOOK PRIZE retired. context of the nineteenth-century British Empire. Broadly The Canadian Law and Society Association (CLSA) has awarded Dr. Pamela Swett is the defined, she investigates the ways in which Britain's global empire Dr. Blake Brown’s book Arming and Disarming: A History of Gun Department’s Chair. Dr. Ken Nipissing University fostered the production of British imperial knowledge, regions, Control in Canada with its 2012 book prize. Of the many Cruikshank, is the Acting and identities through the study of the natural world in places outstanding publications this year, the CLSA committee found Dean of Humanities 2013-14. Dr. Katrina Srigley is the Department’s such as British North America, the North Atlantic, and the the work to be the most exceptional contribution to the study of Dr. Bonny Ibhawoh, is the Associate Dean of Graduate Studies Chair. Dr. Robin Gendron and Dr. Mediterranean. She is currently working on a CRC research law and society. and Research, Humanities, 2012 – 2017. Dr. Michele Beaulieu, Nathan Kozuskanich are on sabbatical. program in Global Environmental History that draws from Lakehead University and Dr. Ana Stens, Sweden are visiting traditions in both geography and history to understand how DR. JOHN REID RECEIVES QUEEN ELIZABETH scholars in 2014. The Department hosts the Thursday It has been a great year in the History semi-peripheral regions (i.e. Ontario’s “Near North”) and DIAMOND JUBILEE MEDAL Colloquium Series Speakers of the Wilson Institute of Invited Department at Nipissing University. environmental change can be understood within local and global Professor Dr. John Reid was also recently presented the Queen Speakers Series. In terms of faculty membership; our numbers are Our graduate program is thriving thanks to a steady flow of contexts. Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal by Saint Mary's President Dr. maintaining. In terms of undergraduate and graduate growth in energized and inquisitive graduate students. Eight students Colin Dodds. Dr. Reid was nominated for the award by the Royal our department; our numbers are maintaining for both successfully defended their Master Research Papers in August In terms of faculty membership; our numbers are maintaining. In Society of Canada in recognition of his service to scholarship, categories. and early September on topics as varied in theme and temporal terms of undergraduate and graduate growth in our department; science and the arts in Canada. Dr. Reid has taught at Saint Mary's context as representations of race and gender in Greco-Roman our undergraduate numbers are declining while the graduate since 1985, teaching and supervising in the areas of Canadian and Mount Allison University sculpture, the Estonian Girl Guides in post-war Toronto, female numbers are maintaining. Atlantic Canadian history. He is a Senior Research Fellow at the spies in Cold War fiction, and literary constructions of the Gorsebrook Research Institute and has been a Fellow of the Royal Dr. William Lundell is the enemies of Rome. This year we welcome eight new students. Ryerson University Society of Canada since 2004. Department’s Chair. Hannah Lane (Early and Atlantic Canada) and In August, the History Department and Nipissing University Dr. Catherine Ellis is the In terms of faculty membership; our numbers are maintaining. In David Torrance (Modern Britain) hosted the Obedience to Authority Conference, which brought Department's Chair. New hires: Dr. terms of undergraduate and graduate growth in our department; have returned from 12-month sabbatical leaves. Owen Griffiths together more than fifty scholars to discuss the history and legacy Jean Li, Ancient Mediterranean and our numbers are declining. (Modern Asia), from a 6-month sabbatical leave. of the Milgram experiments. (For more information, go to Dr. Janam Mukherjee, Modern South http://www.obediencetoauthority.com/). Asia. Promotion: Dr. Jenny Carson - Trent University While on sabbatical, Hannah Lane received a Faculty Grant to tenure and promotion to Associate employ a student research assistant to work on southeastern New History Department faculty have had a productive and rewarding Professor. We are hiring a tenure- Bruce Cater is the acting Brunswick rural and small town censuses, 1851 and 1861. This year: Dr. Hilary Earl published two articles, “Beweise, Zeugen, stream Assistant Professor in the chair of the department. grant was made under a SSHRC Aid to Small Universities Grant Narrative: Der Einsatzgruppen Prozess und seine Wirkung auf history of the Middle East. Details are available at: The History Department at to Mount Allison University: “Small Communities in the 21st die historiche Forschung zure Genese der Endlösung” in Priemel www.ryerson.ca/jobs. Trent University currently Century: Understanding the Role of Identity and Representation and Stiller’s Die Nürnberger Militärtribunale zwischen Geschichte, has nineteen full-time in Reflecting and Shaping the Livability of Maritime Gerechtigkeit und Rechtschöpfung and “Prosecuting Genocide One of our faculty, Dr. Tomaz Jardim, won the CHA’s 2013 tenure-stream faculty Communities.” before the Genocide Convention: Raphael Lemkin and the Wallace K. Ferguson Prize for his monograph, The Mauthausen members, five ‘adjunct’ 0.0 Nuremberg Trials, 1945-1949 ” in the Journal of Genocide Trial: American Military Justice in Germany (Harvard University appointments, and as of April 2013 approximately 650 majors. Staffing remains constant at eight tenured faculty: one American, Research, vol. 15, no. 3. Dr. Earl was also invited to act as book Press). The current chair of the undergraduate program is Fiona Harris- one Asian, two Canadian, and three European historians, plus an review editor for the new journalGenocide Studies International . Stoertz. historian holding a joint–appointment with Women’s and Dr. Robin Gendron, who is on sabbatical this year, has a new co- Ryerson’s Department of History is growing rapidly – from 10 to Gender Studies whose interests are transatlantic. Courses in edited collection with UBC press, Aluminum Ore: The Political 17 tenured/tenure-stream faculty over the past decade. We are The MA program in history at Trent University was launched in Greek and Roman history are taught by equivalent of one Economy of the Global Bauxite Industry. Dr. Nathan also hiring this year (in the history of the Middle East) and September 2007. The director of the graduate program is Finis historian posted to Classics. Two History faculty teach courses Kozuskanich’s co-edited volume with Saul Cornell, The Second anticipate at least two further hires in the next three years. Our Dunaway. The MA program has established itself as a dynamic, cross-listed with Religious Studies. Amendment on Trial: Critical Essays on District of Columbia v. Honours BA in History is now in its second year, so our modestly-sized program that offers small-class sizes, close Heller was published by the University of Massachusetts Press. Dr. undergraduate numbers will continue to grow for the next two interaction with faculty, and a rigorous approach to historical Overall the department’s undergraduate enrollments have held Kozuskanich is on sabbatical this year working on a new book years. Wedo not have any graduate programs. theory, methods, and research. All students accepted into the steady. 2013 saw a marked increase in the number of graduating about Benjamin Franklin. Françoise Noël, who is just back from program receive a generous funding package valued at almost majors/honors. Early indications are that the number of 2014 sabbatical, has a new contract with Dundern Press for her fourth Saint Mary’sUniversity $14,000 per year. Students in the course-based stream receive this graduating majors will match or nearly so 2013 performance. book tentatively titled Nipissing: Historic Waterway – Wilderness amount of funding for one year, while thesis-stream students Playground. In the spring, Dr. Katrina Srigley was awarded a two- Dr. Rosana Barbosa is the Department’s receive this level of support for two years. The department continues to build its library collection with year SSHRC Insight Development Grant for her work in Chair. There are no changes in terms of generous support from the Morton Memorial Fund. partnership with Nipissing First Nation titled “Nbisiing faculty hiring, retirement, promotion or In 2012/13, Keith Walden received the Symons Award for Anishinabek Bimaadiziwin: to understand the past and shape the leave at the department. Luca Excellence in Teaching. Recent books published by members of Mount Saint Vincent University future” and the Alison Prentice Award in Women’s History for the Codignola-Bo from Università di the Department include:Autonomous State by Dimitry best book in the last three years in women’s history for her Genova was an invited scholar in May Anastakis,The Reinvention of Distinction by Van Nguyen- Dr. Adriana Benzaquen is the monographBreadwinning Daughters . 2013. He offered a seminar on Atlantic Marshall (co-editor),A Medical History of Skin by Kevin Siena Department's Chair (2012-2015). North America. Dr. Mark McGowan, from the University of (co-editor), andConsent of the Damned by David Sheinin. David Arthur McCalla was promoted to Last, but certainly not least, we welcome Dr. Kirsten Greer our Toronto – Appointed as an Adjunct Professor. Robert Perrins, Sheinin’s book won The Arthur P. Whitaker Award from the Professor. Martha Walls (First Nations, women and gender, new candidate for a Canada Research Chair in Environmental from Acadia University – Renewed as an Adjunct Professor. Isaac Middle Atlantic Council of Latin American Studies for Best Book Canada) was appointed to a tenure-track position. Frances Early History. Greer's research focuses on imperial geopolitics and Saney – Renewed as an Adjunct Professor. in 2011 or 2012. An article by Kevin Siena from his edited

10 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 11 McMaster University is on sabbatical until the end of December 2012. Reg Stuart human-nature relations in the past, particularly within the BLAKE BROWN WINS ANNUAL BOOK PRIZE retired. context of the nineteenth-century British Empire. Broadly The Canadian Law and Society Association (CLSA) has awarded Dr. Pamela Swett is the defined, she investigates the ways in which Britain's global empire Dr. Blake Brown’s book Arming and Disarming: A History of Gun Department’s Chair. Dr. Ken Nipissing University fostered the production of British imperial knowledge, regions, Control in Canada with its 2012 book prize. Of the many Cruikshank, is the Acting and identities through the study of the natural world in places outstanding publications this year, the CLSA committee found Dean of Humanities 2013-14. Dr. Katrina Srigley is the Department’s such as British North America, the North Atlantic, and the the work to be the most exceptional contribution to the study of Dr. Bonny Ibhawoh, is the Associate Dean of Graduate Studies Chair. Dr. Robin Gendron and Dr. Mediterranean. She is currently working on a CRC research law and society. and Research, Humanities, 2012 – 2017. Dr. Michele Beaulieu, Nathan Kozuskanich are on sabbatical. program in Global Environmental History that draws from Lakehead University and Dr. Ana Stens, Sweden are visiting traditions in both geography and history to understand how DR. JOHN REID RECEIVES QUEEN ELIZABETH scholars in 2014. The Department hosts the Thursday It has been a great year in the History semi-peripheral regions (i.e. Ontario’s “Near North”) and DIAMOND JUBILEE MEDAL Colloquium Series Speakers of the Wilson Institute of Invited Department at Nipissing University. environmental change can be understood within local and global Professor Dr. John Reid was also recently presented the Queen Speakers Series. In terms of faculty membership; our numbers are Our graduate program is thriving thanks to a steady flow of contexts. Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal by Saint Mary's President Dr. maintaining. In terms of undergraduate and graduate growth in energized and inquisitive graduate students. Eight students Colin Dodds. Dr. Reid was nominated for the award by the Royal our department; our numbers are maintaining for both successfully defended their Master Research Papers in August In terms of faculty membership; our numbers are maintaining. In Society of Canada in recognition of his service to scholarship, categories. and early September on topics as varied in theme and temporal terms of undergraduate and graduate growth in our department; science and the arts in Canada. Dr. Reid has taught at Saint Mary's context as representations of race and gender in Greco-Roman our undergraduate numbers are declining while the graduate since 1985, teaching and supervising in the areas of Canadian and Mount Allison University sculpture, the Estonian Girl Guides in post-war Toronto, female numbers are maintaining. Atlantic Canadian history. He is a Senior Research Fellow at the spies in Cold War fiction, and literary constructions of the Gorsebrook Research Institute and has been a Fellow of the Royal Dr. William Lundell is the enemies of Rome. This year we welcome eight new students. Ryerson University Society of Canada since 2004. Department’s Chair. Hannah Lane (Early and Atlantic Canada) and In August, the History Department and Nipissing University Dr. Catherine Ellis is the In terms of faculty membership; our numbers are maintaining. In David Torrance (Modern Britain) hosted the Obedience to Authority Conference, which brought Department's Chair. New hires: Dr. terms of undergraduate and graduate growth in our department; have returned from 12-month sabbatical leaves. Owen Griffiths together more than fifty scholars to discuss the history and legacy Jean Li, Ancient Mediterranean and our numbers are declining. (Modern Asia), from a 6-month sabbatical leave. of the Milgram experiments. (For more information, go to Dr. Janam Mukherjee, Modern South http://www.obediencetoauthority.com/). Asia. Promotion: Dr. Jenny Carson - Trent University While on sabbatical, Hannah Lane received a Faculty Grant to tenure and promotion to Associate employ a student research assistant to work on southeastern New History Department faculty have had a productive and rewarding Professor. We are hiring a tenure- Bruce Cater is the acting Brunswick rural and small town censuses, 1851 and 1861. This year: Dr. Hilary Earl published two articles, “Beweise, Zeugen, stream Assistant Professor in the chair of the department. grant was made under a SSHRC Aid to Small Universities Grant Narrative: Der Einsatzgruppen Prozess und seine Wirkung auf history of the Middle East. Details are available at: The History Department at to Mount Allison University: “Small Communities in the 21st die historiche Forschung zure Genese der Endlösung” in Priemel www.ryerson.ca/jobs. Trent University currently Century: Understanding the Role of Identity and Representation and Stiller’s Die Nürnberger Militärtribunale zwischen Geschichte, has nineteen full-time in Reflecting and Shaping the Livability of Maritime Gerechtigkeit und Rechtschöpfung and “Prosecuting Genocide One of our faculty, Dr. Tomaz Jardim, won the CHA’s 2013 tenure-stream faculty Communities.” before the Genocide Convention: Raphael Lemkin and the Wallace K. Ferguson Prize for his monograph, The Mauthausen members, five ‘adjunct’ 0.0 Nuremberg Trials, 1945-1949 ” in the Journal of Genocide Trial: American Military Justice in Germany (Harvard University appointments, and as of April 2013 approximately 650 majors. Staffing remains constant at eight tenured faculty: one American, Research, vol. 15, no. 3. Dr. Earl was also invited to act as book Press). The current chair of the undergraduate program is Fiona Harris- one Asian, two Canadian, and three European historians, plus an review editor for the new journalGenocide Studies International . Stoertz. historian holding a joint–appointment with Women’s and Dr. Robin Gendron, who is on sabbatical this year, has a new co- Ryerson’s Department of History is growing rapidly – from 10 to Gender Studies whose interests are transatlantic. Courses in edited collection with UBC press, Aluminum Ore: The Political 17 tenured/tenure-stream faculty over the past decade. We are The MA program in history at Trent University was launched in Greek and Roman history are taught by equivalent of one Economy of the Global Bauxite Industry. Dr. Nathan also hiring this year (in the history of the Middle East) and September 2007. The director of the graduate program is Finis historian posted to Classics. Two History faculty teach courses Kozuskanich’s co-edited volume with Saul Cornell, The Second anticipate at least two further hires in the next three years. Our Dunaway. The MA program has established itself as a dynamic, cross-listed with Religious Studies. Amendment on Trial: Critical Essays on District of Columbia v. Honours BA in History is now in its second year, so our modestly-sized program that offers small-class sizes, close Heller was published by the University of Massachusetts Press. Dr. undergraduate numbers will continue to grow for the next two interaction with faculty, and a rigorous approach to historical Overall the department’s undergraduate enrollments have held Kozuskanich is on sabbatical this year working on a new book years. Wedo not have any graduate programs. theory, methods, and research. All students accepted into the steady. 2013 saw a marked increase in the number of graduating about Benjamin Franklin. Françoise Noël, who is just back from program receive a generous funding package valued at almost majors/honors. Early indications are that the number of 2014 sabbatical, has a new contract with Dundern Press for her fourth Saint Mary’sUniversity $14,000 per year. Students in the course-based stream receive this graduating majors will match or nearly so 2013 performance. book tentatively titled Nipissing: Historic Waterway – Wilderness amount of funding for one year, while thesis-stream students Playground. In the spring, Dr. Katrina Srigley was awarded a two- Dr. Rosana Barbosa is the Department’s receive this level of support for two years. The department continues to build its library collection with year SSHRC Insight Development Grant for her work in Chair. There are no changes in terms of generous support from the Morton Memorial Fund. partnership with Nipissing First Nation titled “Nbisiing faculty hiring, retirement, promotion or In 2012/13, Keith Walden received the Symons Award for Anishinabek Bimaadiziwin: to understand the past and shape the leave at the department. Luca Excellence in Teaching. Recent books published by members of Mount Saint Vincent University future” and the Alison Prentice Award in Women’s History for the Codignola-Bo from Università di the Department include:Autonomous State by Dimitry best book in the last three years in women’s history for her Genova was an invited scholar in May Anastakis,The Reinvention of Distinction by Van Nguyen- Dr. Adriana Benzaquen is the monographBreadwinning Daughters . 2013. He offered a seminar on Atlantic Marshall (co-editor),A Medical History of Skin by Kevin Siena Department's Chair (2012-2015). North America. Dr. Mark McGowan, from the University of (co-editor), andConsent of the Damned by David Sheinin. David Arthur McCalla was promoted to Last, but certainly not least, we welcome Dr. Kirsten Greer our Toronto – Appointed as an Adjunct Professor. Robert Perrins, Sheinin’s book won The Arthur P. Whitaker Award from the Professor. Martha Walls (First Nations, women and gender, new candidate for a Canada Research Chair in Environmental from Acadia University – Renewed as an Adjunct Professor. Isaac Middle Atlantic Council of Latin American Studies for Best Book Canada) was appointed to a tenure-track position. Frances Early History. Greer's research focuses on imperial geopolitics and Saney – Renewed as an Adjunct Professor. in 2011 or 2012. An article by Kevin Siena from his edited

10 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 11 History in the Field collection won the Society for the History of Dermatology’s enrolment remains steady. Undergraduate enrolments have L’Histoire sur le Zakon Prize. experienced a healthy increase at the first-year level, and have terrain declined marginally at the upper-year levels. Lives Are Changed When ... The Department welcomed Caroline Durand (Quebec history) in 2011 to a tenure-track position. Graham Taylor retired in 2012. York University Two nine-month limited-term positions were hired for 2013/14 Historians Go into the Field in the fields of Modern British History (Mark Celinscak) and Dr. Marcel Martel is the Department’s Latin American History (Jason Dyck). Chris Dummitt, Fiona Chair. NEW HIRINGS: New tenure- John Lutz (UVic) and Keith Thor Carlson (USask) Harris-Stoertz, and Olga Andriewsky will be on sabbatical in track hire: Dr David Koffman (J. Richard 2013/14. The Department welcomes Veronica Strong-Boag as Shiff Chair for the Study of Canadian History and “field schools” are not often associated with each road, and trail along the Fraser River to visit ancient village and the University’s Ashley Fellow for 2013/14. Jewry). Sessional Assistant Professor in other. Nor is it common for students to report that their history historic settlement sites, and important spiritual sites where the Modern Europe (for two years): Dr course changed their lives, or for faculty to report that a particular oral histories of the Stó:lõ are embodied in the rocks, caves, At Trent, historians are also located in Ancient History and Aitana Guia Conca. PROMOTION: class is a linchpin in sustaining their research momentum. But waterfalls and mountains that line the river canyon and valley.For Classics, Environmental Resource Studies [ERS], Indigenous Tenure and Promotion to Associate since 1998, an unusual history field school has taken place every his work sharing with university students and faculty, Sonny Studies, Gender and Women's Studies, and Canadian Studies. Professor: Deborah Neill. second spring with the Stó:lõ that is “transforming” the lives of (more formally known as Naxaxalhts’i) holds an honourary Stephen Bocking has recently chaired Environmental Resource RETIREMENT: Irmgard Steinisch. students, enriching the scholarship of faculty, and generating doctorate from the University of Victoria. Studies, Dimitry Anastakis is currently chairing Canadian SABBATICAL LEAVES (1 July - 30 June): Bettina Bradbury, meaningful historical research and analysis for First Nations Studies, and Joan Sangster is the incoming Director of the Frost Jonathan Edmondson, Michele Johnson, Maynard Maidman, people. The Stó:lõ [pronounced Stah-low] are the aboriginal The students' research projects are designed in consultation Centre for Canadian Studies and Indigenous Studies, which Orest Subtelny,Marlene Shore. people of the lower Fraser River watershed (from Vancouver, B.C. between the faculty and the staff at the Stó:lõ Research and houses a Masters and PhD in Canadian Studies. eastward to the Fraser Canyon beyond Yale). The Ethnohistory Resource Management Centre along with knowledge keepers ANTICIPATED APPOINTMENT: current search for 1 tenure- Field School offers ten graduate students a cultural immersion from the Stó:lõ communities. Over the years they have included The University of stream appointment (Early Modern European History). and introduction to archival research methods common in community histories; analysis of change and continuity in Western Ontario history along with interviewing and participant observation cultural practices and ceremonies; cultural heritage mapping; Conference: New Directions in US Studies: Re-Imagining the methods common in ethnography. studies of hereditary names and property; biographies of past and Dr. Keith Fleming is the 1950s and 1960s (October 11-12, 2013), to launch York present leaders and knowledge keepers; social histories of Department’s Chair. Dr. University's new US Studies Program. Conference: Presenting Students board the first week of the one-month field experience museum artefacts; indigenous labour history; and Aboriginal Laurel Shire has been the Past: History, Heritage and Education (October 24, 2013). with Stó:lõ families while they attend half-day seminars and political history. After a month in “the field” the students spend hired as a tenure-track Avie Bennett Historica Canada Public Lecture in Canadian cultural orientation tours. In most years they have spent the next another month finishing their research projects at their home appointment in 19th C. U.S History. Dr. Robert Wardhaugh has History: David Hackett Fisher (October 24, 2013). Historian's three weeks living in a longhouse, heated only by fires, but with institutions. been promoted to Full Professor. Dr. Michelle Hamilton and Dr. Craft Series: Ben Bradley (September), Shirley Tillotson and the convenience of a modern kitchen and showers just outside the Carl Young have been promoted to Associate Professor with Benedict Anderson (October), Nancy van Deusen (December), door. So it is also an intense social experiment in collective living Beyond the knowledge gained and shared through community- tenure. Professors James Flath, Katherine McKenna, Rob Franca Iacovetta (February) Natalie Zemon Davis (March), under challenging circumstances. engaged research, many students have followed their faculty MacDougall, Susan Hill and Nancy Rhoden are on sabbatical Daryn Lehoux (April). supervisors in building life-long relationships with their Stó:lõ leave. One of the highlights of the month is the orientation to Stó:lõ host families. During the field school students are often taken to Bettina Bradbury and Adrian Shubert: elected Fellows of the territory by Albert (Sonny) McHalsie who takes them by boat, fish camps along the Fraser where salmon are netted and wind Dr. Nancy Christie joined the department as Adjunct Professor. Royal Society of Canada. Sean Kheraj: winner of the Petro dried, to wedding or funeral feasts and First Salmon Ceremonies, Dr. Eli Nathans has been appointed Undergraduate Chair, Dr. Canada Young Innovator Award. Rachel Koopmans: winner of The boat ferry to the Stó:lõ community of Scowlitz, Field School 2013 / to pow-wow dancing and drum making, to sweat lodges, to Alan MacEachern is now Graduate Chair, and Dr. Jonathan the Margaret Wade Labarge Prize for Books in Medieval Studies La traverse pour se rendre à la communauté Stó:lõ de Scowlitz, burnings for ancestral spirits or repatriation and honouring Vance is the departmental Research Chair. Dr. Aldona Sendzikas for her book Wonderful to Relate: Miracle Stories and Miracle école de terrain 2013 is Graduate Chair, American Studies. Dr. Margaret McGlynn has Collecting in High Medieval England. William C. Wicken: winner been appointed Assistant Dean of Graduate Studies in the Faculty of Sir John A. Macdonald Prize for the best scholarly book in of Social Science. Canadian history and a Clio Prize winner for The Colonization of Mi'kmaw Memory and History, 1794-1928: The King v. Gabriel Dr. Joanna Bourke of Birkbeck College, University of London, Sylliboy. gave the 2013 Joanne Goodman lectures. Her topic for the three- part series from September 24th to 26th was “‘The Flesh is Weak’: Our faculty numbers are maintaining while our undergraduate A History of Pain from the Eighteenth Century to the Present.” numbers are declining and our graduate numbers are maintaining. Dr. Alan Taylor of the University of California, Davis, and author of the celebrated The Civil War of 1812: American Citizens, British Subjects, Irish Rebels, & Indian Allies (Knopf, 2010) will be delivering the annual J.J. Talman lecture on Ontario History on November 4th.

Faculty membership presently is stable, although several retirements are anticipated over the next two years for which replacement appointments are not anticipated. Graduate

12 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 13 History in the Field collection won the Society for the History of Dermatology’s enrolment remains steady. Undergraduate enrolments have L’Histoire sur le Zakon Prize. experienced a healthy increase at the first-year level, and have terrain declined marginally at the upper-year levels. Lives Are Changed When ... The Department welcomed Caroline Durand (Quebec history) in 2011 to a tenure-track position. Graham Taylor retired in 2012. York University Two nine-month limited-term positions were hired for 2013/14 Historians Go into the Field in the fields of Modern British History (Mark Celinscak) and Dr. Marcel Martel is the Department’s Latin American History (Jason Dyck). Chris Dummitt, Fiona Chair. NEW HIRINGS: New tenure- John Lutz (UVic) and Keith Thor Carlson (USask) Harris-Stoertz, and Olga Andriewsky will be on sabbatical in track hire: Dr David Koffman (J. Richard 2013/14. The Department welcomes Veronica Strong-Boag as Shiff Chair for the Study of Canadian History and “field schools” are not often associated with each road, and trail along the Fraser River to visit ancient village and the University’s Ashley Fellow for 2013/14. Jewry). Sessional Assistant Professor in other. Nor is it common for students to report that their history historic settlement sites, and important spiritual sites where the Modern Europe (for two years): Dr course changed their lives, or for faculty to report that a particular oral histories of the Stó:lõ are embodied in the rocks, caves, At Trent, historians are also located in Ancient History and Aitana Guia Conca. PROMOTION: class is a linchpin in sustaining their research momentum. But waterfalls and mountains that line the river canyon and valley.For Classics, Environmental Resource Studies [ERS], Indigenous Tenure and Promotion to Associate since 1998, an unusual history field school has taken place every his work sharing with university students and faculty, Sonny Studies, Gender and Women's Studies, and Canadian Studies. Professor: Deborah Neill. second spring with the Stó:lõ that is “transforming” the lives of (more formally known as Naxaxalhts’i) holds an honourary Stephen Bocking has recently chaired Environmental Resource RETIREMENT: Irmgard Steinisch. students, enriching the scholarship of faculty, and generating doctorate from the University of Victoria. Studies, Dimitry Anastakis is currently chairing Canadian SABBATICAL LEAVES (1 July - 30 June): Bettina Bradbury, meaningful historical research and analysis for First Nations Studies, and Joan Sangster is the incoming Director of the Frost Jonathan Edmondson, Michele Johnson, Maynard Maidman, people. The Stó:lõ [pronounced Stah-low] are the aboriginal The students' research projects are designed in consultation Centre for Canadian Studies and Indigenous Studies, which Orest Subtelny,Marlene Shore. people of the lower Fraser River watershed (from Vancouver, B.C. between the faculty and the staff at the Stó:lõ Research and houses a Masters and PhD in Canadian Studies. eastward to the Fraser Canyon beyond Yale). The Ethnohistory Resource Management Centre along with knowledge keepers ANTICIPATED APPOINTMENT: current search for 1 tenure- Field School offers ten graduate students a cultural immersion from the Stó:lõ communities. Over the years they have included The University of stream appointment (Early Modern European History). and introduction to archival research methods common in community histories; analysis of change and continuity in Western Ontario history along with interviewing and participant observation cultural practices and ceremonies; cultural heritage mapping; Conference: New Directions in US Studies: Re-Imagining the methods common in ethnography. studies of hereditary names and property; biographies of past and Dr. Keith Fleming is the 1950s and 1960s (October 11-12, 2013), to launch York present leaders and knowledge keepers; social histories of Department’s Chair. Dr. University's new US Studies Program. Conference: Presenting Students board the first week of the one-month field experience museum artefacts; indigenous labour history; and Aboriginal Laurel Shire has been the Past: History, Heritage and Education (October 24, 2013). with Stó:lõ families while they attend half-day seminars and political history. After a month in “the field” the students spend hired as a tenure-track Avie Bennett Historica Canada Public Lecture in Canadian cultural orientation tours. In most years they have spent the next another month finishing their research projects at their home appointment in 19th C. U.S History. Dr. Robert Wardhaugh has History: David Hackett Fisher (October 24, 2013). Historian's three weeks living in a longhouse, heated only by fires, but with institutions. been promoted to Full Professor. Dr. Michelle Hamilton and Dr. Craft Series: Ben Bradley (September), Shirley Tillotson and the convenience of a modern kitchen and showers just outside the Carl Young have been promoted to Associate Professor with Benedict Anderson (October), Nancy van Deusen (December), door. So it is also an intense social experiment in collective living Beyond the knowledge gained and shared through community- tenure. Professors James Flath, Katherine McKenna, Rob Franca Iacovetta (February) Natalie Zemon Davis (March), under challenging circumstances. engaged research, many students have followed their faculty MacDougall, Susan Hill and Nancy Rhoden are on sabbatical Daryn Lehoux (April). supervisors in building life-long relationships with their Stó:lõ leave. One of the highlights of the month is the orientation to Stó:lõ host families. During the field school students are often taken to Bettina Bradbury and Adrian Shubert: elected Fellows of the territory by Albert (Sonny) McHalsie who takes them by boat, fish camps along the Fraser where salmon are netted and wind Dr. Nancy Christie joined the department as Adjunct Professor. Royal Society of Canada. Sean Kheraj: winner of the Petro dried, to wedding or funeral feasts and First Salmon Ceremonies, Dr. Eli Nathans has been appointed Undergraduate Chair, Dr. Canada Young Innovator Award. Rachel Koopmans: winner of The boat ferry to the Stó:lõ community of Scowlitz, Field School 2013 / to pow-wow dancing and drum making, to sweat lodges, to Alan MacEachern is now Graduate Chair, and Dr. Jonathan the Margaret Wade Labarge Prize for Books in Medieval Studies La traverse pour se rendre à la communauté Stó:lõ de Scowlitz, burnings for ancestral spirits or repatriation and honouring Vance is the departmental Research Chair. Dr. Aldona Sendzikas for her book Wonderful to Relate: Miracle Stories and Miracle école de terrain 2013 is Graduate Chair, American Studies. Dr. Margaret McGlynn has Collecting in High Medieval England. William C. Wicken: winner been appointed Assistant Dean of Graduate Studies in the Faculty of Sir John A. Macdonald Prize for the best scholarly book in of Social Science. Canadian history and a Clio Prize winner for The Colonization of Mi'kmaw Memory and History, 1794-1928: The King v. Gabriel Dr. Joanna Bourke of Birkbeck College, University of London, Sylliboy. gave the 2013 Joanne Goodman lectures. Her topic for the three- part series from September 24th to 26th was “‘The Flesh is Weak’: Our faculty numbers are maintaining while our undergraduate A History of Pain from the Eighteenth Century to the Present.” numbers are declining and our graduate numbers are maintaining. Dr. Alan Taylor of the University of California, Davis, and author of the celebrated The Civil War of 1812: American Citizens, British Subjects, Irish Rebels, & Indian Allies (Knopf, 2010) will be delivering the annual J.J. Talman lecture on Ontario History on November 4th.

Faculty membership presently is stable, although several retirements are anticipated over the next two years for which replacement appointments are not anticipated. Graduate

12 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 13 Chehalis First Salmon Cere Crop Field School, 2013 / École de terrain 2013, Chehalis First Salmon Cere Crop ceremonies, and sometimes to sacred spirit ceremonies. Often offering of the two universities, joined in most years by graduate students are invited to join families in berry picking, “pulling” students from other universities and disciplines. Between field cedar bark, fishing for sturgeon, and back yard barbeques. Many schools, faculty return regularly and partner with the Stó:lõ on students return two years later to present their research in the research projects – most recently on a project to create a Virtual Stó:lõ organized “People of the River” conference where Museum of Scowlitz (one of the Stó:lõ communities). researchers are invited to share their work with community members. To finish the course, the students and faculty host a The reverberations of the field school have spread across the Stó:lõ-inspired potlatch and ‘thank-you feast’ for the 80-100 country. Over the history of the field school 65 research papers people with whom they have most closely interacted over the have been prepared as well as a special issue of a the journal month – including knowledge keepers who were interviewed, Research Review, and many projects were turned into plates in the Stó:lõ staff, and host families. award-winningSto:lo Coast Salish Historical Atlas . A dozen completed Master’s theses and two PhD dissertation and more in progress draw directly from the field school experience. Two of the field school alumni are now themselves university professors and one, Liam Haggarty, has started a next-generation ethnohistory field school at Calgary’s Mount Royal University, while the other, Andrée Boiselle places law students in internships with First Nations at Osgoode Law School in Toronto. In addition, Carlson now offers a second ethnohistory/archaeology fieldschool with Dana Lapofsky from SFU in partnership with the Tla’amin (Sliammon) First Nation. Many of the research papers and theses from the Stó:lõ field school are available from the website, www.ethnohist.ca along with a gallery of images from the more recent course offerings. The field school had its origins when the Stó:lõ Nation (representing 18 of the 26 First Nations along the lower Fraser The Ethnohistory Field School represents community-engaged watershed) invited the history department at the University of scholarship at its best. The relationships are not only professional Victoria to partner with them to study historical research and personal between faculty/students and Stó:lõ questions. The Stó:lõ were getting valuable research results from staff/knowledge keepers, they are also institutional. Both anthropology and archaeological field schools and wanted to try universities provide generous financial support to sustain what adapting the field school model to deal with historical research remains North America’s only humanities-based ethnohistory questions which needed a different kind of expertise. graduate field school, and the Stó:lõ provide not only in-kind support and access to one of Canada’s largest tribal archives and The first field school with seven students was co-taught by oral history repositories, but introduction and cultural guidance University of Victoria historian John Lutz and Keith Carlson, for community-based research. then historian on staff with Stó:lõ Nation. Lutz and Carlson have co-taught the course ever since. Over the history of the field The next Ethnohistory Field School with the Stó:lõ is scheduled school Carlson has become a professor at the University of for spring 2015 and interested students are encouraged to look at Saskatchewan and since 2003 the field school has been a joint the website and contact the instructors.

14 Société historique du Canada Teaching Innovations in University Classrooms / Innovations pédagogiques en classe universitaire Oral History and Performance in the Classroom

By Steven High, Canada Research Chair in Oral History

If asked to describe a history seminar at the senior undergraduate From Oral History ToVerbatim Theatre or graduate level, I don’t think anyone in my discipline would have imagined a dance studio with hardwood floors, mirrored The transformation of recorded oral history interviews into walls, or floor-to-ceiling windows that cover an entire wall. Nor performance is of course at the heart of the work we did in our would they have imagined a classroom where students and studio-seminar course. In the autumn, we delved into the faculty communally set-up and take-down the tables and chairs methodology and ethics of the interview, examining what was each week, sitting instead on foam mats in a big circle. I also doubt gained and lost in transcription. While the authority of the they would have expected to see students engaged in song, dance, verbatim transcript is in its “authentic” rendering of what was and improvisational exercises such as the “Fantasy Machine” said during the interview, we soon discovered its limits. where one person enters our big circle and begins to do a Everybody seemed to agree that verbatim transcription largely repetitive movement. One by one, others join in until everyone is fails to capture body language and the rhythm of the spoken a cog in this gloriously strange and silly machine. Yet this is word. Much is lost in translation to text. But a great deal is gained precisely what a group of twenty-six history and theatre students in our deep listening of the interview recordings. enrolled in Concordia University’s inaugural “oral history and performance” course did over an eight month period.

Co-taught with Ted Little from the theatre department, the One of the questions that I have been asking myself course is a by-product of the Montreal Life Stories project, a major collaborative research project recording the stories of is how I might integrate what we are learning in those displaced by war, genocide and other human rights the classroom into my research practice as an oral violations. From the outset, we sought to incorporate these historian? In my case, this is a difficult question. I recorded life stories into film, radio, exhibition, digital story, and performance.1 Canadian archives are filled with audio and video am not an actor. Nor am I a playwright. How then interview recordings that have never been listened to. Digital might I usefully contribute to the staging of oral media and the arts therefore offer a tremendous opportunity for histories? And, conversely, how might performing us. Much of my own activity in the project was within the Oral History & Performance group.2 In experimenting with oral these stories contribute to my interpretation of the history based performance, the course was designed to explore interviews themselves? how we might ethically perform other people’sstories.

1 The online digital footprint of the project is a large one. The Montreal Life Stories website at www.lifestoriesmontreal.ca is a good starting point. For the work of the Our focus shifted to performance in the second term. To be project’s digital storytelling work with refugee youth, see honest, “embodied learning” in the classroom can be a little http://www.mappingmemories.ca/ . Also see the korsakow cinema database at the bewildering for a historian. The first two weeks consisted of back- http://goingpublicproject.org/ . There is additional information in the research to-back theatrical exercises and ensemble building in which creation section of the Centre for Oral History and Digital Storytelling’s website at http://storytelling.concordia.ca . everyone participated. At times, I wondered where this was 2 For more on the performance-based work on the project, see the twin issues of going. I yearned to reconnect to the interviews. Clearly, these alt.theatre: Cultural Diversity and the Stage on oral history performance, edited by weeks were designed to give our class of history and theatre Edward Little in vol. 9.1 (September 2011) and vol. 9.2 (December 2011). See also, students a common set of performance-based tools and a shared Nisha Sajnani. “Coming into Presence: Discovering the Ethics and Aesthetics of vocabulary. It was also important to shift the class into a new Performing Oral Histories within the Montreal Life Stories Project,” alt.theatre: Cultural Diversity and the Stage, Vol. 9.1 (septembre 2011), p. 40-49. Also see the mode of learning. Gone were the tables and chairs. Everyone was four performance essays in Steven High, Edward Little, and Thi Ry Duong, eds. required to dance and perform, yes even the faculty. Remembering Mass Violence: Oral History, New Media and Performance (Toronto, University of Toronto Press, forthcoming December 2013); Nisha Sajnani, Verbatim theatre was coined by Derek Paget in 1987 to describe Warren Linds, Lisa Ndejuru, Alan Wong, and the other members of the Montreal theatrical performances based on interview transcripts. As you Life Stories Project, “The Bridge: Toward Relational Aesthetic Inquiry in the Montreal Life Stories Project,”Canadian Theatre Review , Volume 148, numéro 1, might expect, a great deal of emphasis is placed on the 2011, p.18-24; and Steven High, “Embodied Ways of Listening: Oral History, authenticity of the stories being performed on stage. While some Genocide and the Audio Tour,”Anthropologica 55, 1 (2013). playwrights insist that every word spoken must originate in the

Canadian Historical Association 15 Researching Other Parts interview, others use a combination of verbatim and self- Certainly, the notion of ‘embodied learning’ is central to the work of the World in Canada / La recherche d’autres régions Historical Intersections: Africa, Canada and Empire authored material. In verbatim theatre, actors often speak that we did in the course. When we perform our stories as du monde au Canada directly to the audience and sometimes acknowledge their interviewers or perform the stories of others, we begin to know reactions to what is occurring on stage. Verbatim theatre, like oral them in a different way. Small details suddenly become history, relies heavily on the “authenticating detail.” Its important: the sound of one’s voice, a particular gesture, perhaps authenticity is what gives it a certain power to reach audiences. an article of clothing. All of these otherwise peripheral memories By Bonny Ibhawoh, McMaster University rarely make it into our transcriptions. This shifting perspective is From ‘Interviewee’ To‘Character’ important, suggesting to me that performing oral history has The histories of Canada and of other places around the globe can Nigeria demanding compensation for the expropriation of his interpretative value in and of itself. Like transcription, it too is an intersect in ways that are as fascinating as they are unexpected. I land. At the heart of the matter was a Treaty of Cession signed Every discipline has its own language. As a result, one of the exercise in deep listening. have found this to be the case in my own research on colonial between Britain and Tijani's forebears in 1861. The colonial challenges we encounter when disciplines come into African legal appeals to the Judicial Committee of the Privy government claimed that under the terms of that treaty, the conversation is to find a common “working” language. A variety Council (JCPC) in London and the impact of these cases on the British crown acquired ownership of all lands in the colony of accommodations usually result. This was certainly the case in colonial enterprise. including that claimed by Amodu Tijani. Tijani countered that he our studio-seminar. In the first term, taking my lead perhaps, the The course also served as a forceful reminder that was entitled to compensation under Treaty provisions. At the end theatre and history students spoke in terms of our “interviewees” oral historians are taught to listen, not watch. In exercising its power of final judicial review in British overseas of a costly and protracted trial, the JCPC ruled that the colonial thus privileging the interview space which we were in. This is the How do we begin to understand and interpret possessions, the JCPC was the quintessential imperial Supreme government must pay adequate compensation to Tijani for the language of oral history. Occasionally, I remember a theatre Court. It created a centripetal jurisprudence through land. student or Ted Little say “character” instead. But this seemed out what the body has to tell us? At some level, I think standardization of legal interpretation and conformity with of place, and I remember that this was quickly followed by a self- every oral historian knows that body language is imperial ideals of justice. A crucial element in this process was the This judgement had significant ramifications for imperial correction: “Oh, I mean interviewee.” Almost always, their important – but where to begin? I have become common law tradition to respect the precedents established by jurisprudence, setting a legal precedent that extended well references to the interviewee seemed forced, unnatural – as if prior decisions, allowing for the interpretation of statutes in ways beyond the African continent. It was held as authoritative on two they had to consciously remember to get it right. convinced that performance-based methodologies that may be different from their original legislative intent. This particular issues in British colonial administration: the effect of have a great deal to teach us in this regard. made JCPC judgements binding in colonial and dominion courts treaties ceding overseas territories to the British Crown, and the In the second semester, as we moved fully into the performance- across the British Empire, from Australia to South Africa, from nature of customary land tenures. In Canada, both federal and side of the course, the language shifted decidedly from Canada to Ceylon. provincial governments became increasingly concerned about interviewee to character. This is not surprising. Character is the The course also served as a forceful reminder that oral historians the prospects of Indians, inspired by the Tijani case, pressing land language of theatre and we were now focussed on the integration are taught to listen, not watch. How do we begin to understand As a historian of Africa working in a Canadian University, the claims before the JCPC and made attempts to prevent this. of the verbatim text into performance. We were therefore putting and interpret what the body has to tell us? At some level, I think connections between African and Canadian appeals to the JCPC Indeed, it has been suggested that the passage of the Indian Act in our interviewees/characters into conversation with one another every oral historian knows that body language is important – but held a particular fascination. The legal and political debates over 1927 which made it a criminal offence to solicit funds without in a new story of our own creation. where to begin? I have become convinced that performance- the imperial role of the JCPC in Africa in the 1950s echoed earlier permission for the purposes of prosecuting Indian land claims based methodologies have a great deal to teach us in this regard. Canadian trends. In Canada, the role of the JCPC as the court of was partly intended to discourage Indian land claims before the Our ongoing work raises interesting questions about whose story Our work in the classroom has sharpened my sense of the body final appeal often evoked complaints that the English judges on JCPC following the Tijani judgement. it is, now that it was being staged in our workshop environment. If and what it can tell us. After co-teaching this course, I don't think the Board were not sufficiently familiar with local affairs to the interview is a “conversational narrative” between interviewer that I can watch my videotaped interviews in quite the same way. I properly decide difficult questions involving constitutional The case of Amodu Tijani was subsequently cited as applicable and interviewee (questions posed and answered), our feel somehow better equipped today to find significance in what I politics. judicial precedent in several cases involving aboriginal land performance-based inquiry has become a conversation between am seeing. claims in Canada and throughout the British empire- interviewers. On several occasions, I heard some of the history One of the principal reasons behind the demands to abolish the commonwealth. One of such cases was Calder v. Attorney- students begin to refer to their interviewees as “characters” only Oral history and performance enjoy a unique synergy. But the JCPC’s jurisdiction in Canada was dissatisfaction with the General of British Columbia which is credited with having to correct themselves. It is the same ‘correction’ as the previous questions linger. At the end of the day, what is the role of the oral Board's treatment of the distribution of powers between the provided the impetus for overhauling aboriginal land claims in term, except now it went the other way. It became an assertion historian in the staging of these stories? When we speak of “oral dominion government and the provinces. In the course of more Canada. rather than a concession. For me, at least, I still find the word history and performance” are we imagining two distinct than quarter of a century of adjudication, the JCPC, by its strict “character” to be jarring. These are real people who shared their methodologies (and skill sets) in conversation within interpretation of the British North America Act, ascribed powers Canada thus became central to understanding and evaluating the stories with us. To call interviewees characters seems to cross the collaborative projects – where perhaps the interviews are to the provinces at the expense of the dominion government. By impact of African JCPC appeal cases on British imperial imaginary line into “fiction.” Now, I am quite certain that I feel 'handed-over' from one group to the other – or are we hoping for a the 1920s, attitudes towards the JCPC in Canada ranged from jurisprudence. Like India and Australia, Canada offered an this way because we historians invest a great deal into the realism single interdisciplinary practice to emerge that blurs the “measured criticism to vehement denunciation.” Largely owing important comparative framework for ascertaining the of the work that we do. boundaries between the two? If so, is this a realistic goal? I will be to the Canadian debates, the question of colonial appeals to the precedential value of African cases as well as the scope and limits interested to see what new questions and insights will emerge the JCPC became a key issue in British imperial politics. In Africa, of imperial justice. What Does Oral History & Performance Offer Us? next time Ted and I teach the course. challenges to JCPC jurisdiction intensified as colonial rule wound down in the 1950s. To properly understand later African Historians of the Empire like to talk about two distinct British One of the questions that I have been asking myself in recent This essay is based on a series of blogs that the author posted on opposition to the JCPC, therefore, it was important for me to Empires; the “first empire” focused on the settler communities of months is how I might integrate what we are learning in the www.lifestoriesmontreal.ca each week during the term. An explore the Canadian antecedents. the Americas and the second Empire focused eastward on the classroom into my research practice as an oral historian? In my extended version of this essay was published as part of the conquest of non-British peoples after the loss of the American case, this is a difficult question. I am not an actor. Nor am I a alt.theatre special issue. Connections between Canada and British Africa were also colonies. Unfortunately, this bifurcated framing of Empire playwright. How then might I usefully contribute to the staging of evident in judicial debates concerning aboriginal land rights. In impedes full understanding of Euro-aboriginal imperial oral histories? And, conversely, how might performing these 1921, the JCPC passed judgement in a landmark case that was to encounters. stories contribute to my interpretation of the interviews reverberate across the empire. The appeal was brought by an themselves? African chief, Amodu Tijani, against the colonial government in

16 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 17 Researching Other Parts interview, others use a combination of verbatim and self- Certainly, the notion of ‘embodied learning’ is central to the work of the World in Canada / La recherche d’autres régions Historical Intersections: Africa, Canada and Empire authored material. In verbatim theatre, actors often speak that we did in the course. When we perform our stories as du monde au Canada directly to the audience and sometimes acknowledge their interviewers or perform the stories of others, we begin to know reactions to what is occurring on stage. Verbatim theatre, like oral them in a different way. Small details suddenly become history, relies heavily on the “authenticating detail.” Its important: the sound of one’s voice, a particular gesture, perhaps authenticity is what gives it a certain power to reach audiences. an article of clothing. All of these otherwise peripheral memories By Bonny Ibhawoh, McMaster University rarely make it into our transcriptions. This shifting perspective is From ‘Interviewee’ To‘Character’ important, suggesting to me that performing oral history has The histories of Canada and of other places around the globe can Nigeria demanding compensation for the expropriation of his interpretative value in and of itself. Like transcription, it too is an intersect in ways that are as fascinating as they are unexpected. I land. At the heart of the matter was a Treaty of Cession signed Every discipline has its own language. As a result, one of the exercise in deep listening. have found this to be the case in my own research on colonial between Britain and Tijani's forebears in 1861. The colonial challenges we encounter when disciplines come into African legal appeals to the Judicial Committee of the Privy government claimed that under the terms of that treaty, the conversation is to find a common “working” language. A variety Council (JCPC) in London and the impact of these cases on the British crown acquired ownership of all lands in the colony of accommodations usually result. This was certainly the case in colonial enterprise. including that claimed by Amodu Tijani. Tijani countered that he our studio-seminar. In the first term, taking my lead perhaps, the The course also served as a forceful reminder that was entitled to compensation under Treaty provisions. At the end theatre and history students spoke in terms of our “interviewees” oral historians are taught to listen, not watch. In exercising its power of final judicial review in British overseas of a costly and protracted trial, the JCPC ruled that the colonial thus privileging the interview space which we were in. This is the How do we begin to understand and interpret possessions, the JCPC was the quintessential imperial Supreme government must pay adequate compensation to Tijani for the language of oral history. Occasionally, I remember a theatre Court. It created a centripetal jurisprudence through land. student or Ted Little say “character” instead. But this seemed out what the body has to tell us? At some level, I think standardization of legal interpretation and conformity with of place, and I remember that this was quickly followed by a self- every oral historian knows that body language is imperial ideals of justice. A crucial element in this process was the This judgement had significant ramifications for imperial correction: “Oh, I mean interviewee.” Almost always, their important – but where to begin? I have become common law tradition to respect the precedents established by jurisprudence, setting a legal precedent that extended well references to the interviewee seemed forced, unnatural – as if prior decisions, allowing for the interpretation of statutes in ways beyond the African continent. It was held as authoritative on two they had to consciously remember to get it right. convinced that performance-based methodologies that may be different from their original legislative intent. This particular issues in British colonial administration: the effect of have a great deal to teach us in this regard. made JCPC judgements binding in colonial and dominion courts treaties ceding overseas territories to the British Crown, and the In the second semester, as we moved fully into the performance- across the British Empire, from Australia to South Africa, from nature of customary land tenures. In Canada, both federal and side of the course, the language shifted decidedly from Canada to Ceylon. provincial governments became increasingly concerned about interviewee to character. This is not surprising. Character is the The course also served as a forceful reminder that oral historians the prospects of Indians, inspired by the Tijani case, pressing land language of theatre and we were now focussed on the integration are taught to listen, not watch. How do we begin to understand As a historian of Africa working in a Canadian University, the claims before the JCPC and made attempts to prevent this. of the verbatim text into performance. We were therefore putting and interpret what the body has to tell us? At some level, I think connections between African and Canadian appeals to the JCPC Indeed, it has been suggested that the passage of the Indian Act in our interviewees/characters into conversation with one another every oral historian knows that body language is important – but held a particular fascination. The legal and political debates over 1927 which made it a criminal offence to solicit funds without in a new story of our own creation. where to begin? I have become convinced that performance- the imperial role of the JCPC in Africa in the 1950s echoed earlier permission for the purposes of prosecuting Indian land claims based methodologies have a great deal to teach us in this regard. Canadian trends. In Canada, the role of the JCPC as the court of was partly intended to discourage Indian land claims before the Our ongoing work raises interesting questions about whose story Our work in the classroom has sharpened my sense of the body final appeal often evoked complaints that the English judges on JCPC following the Tijani judgement. it is, now that it was being staged in our workshop environment. If and what it can tell us. After co-teaching this course, I don't think the Board were not sufficiently familiar with local affairs to the interview is a “conversational narrative” between interviewer that I can watch my videotaped interviews in quite the same way. I properly decide difficult questions involving constitutional The case of Amodu Tijani was subsequently cited as applicable and interviewee (questions posed and answered), our feel somehow better equipped today to find significance in what I politics. judicial precedent in several cases involving aboriginal land performance-based inquiry has become a conversation between am seeing. claims in Canada and throughout the British empire- interviewers. On several occasions, I heard some of the history One of the principal reasons behind the demands to abolish the commonwealth. One of such cases was Calder v. Attorney- students begin to refer to their interviewees as “characters” only Oral history and performance enjoy a unique synergy. But the JCPC’s jurisdiction in Canada was dissatisfaction with the General of British Columbia which is credited with having to correct themselves. It is the same ‘correction’ as the previous questions linger. At the end of the day, what is the role of the oral Board's treatment of the distribution of powers between the provided the impetus for overhauling aboriginal land claims in term, except now it went the other way. It became an assertion historian in the staging of these stories? When we speak of “oral dominion government and the provinces. In the course of more Canada. rather than a concession. For me, at least, I still find the word history and performance” are we imagining two distinct than quarter of a century of adjudication, the JCPC, by its strict “character” to be jarring. These are real people who shared their methodologies (and skill sets) in conversation within interpretation of the British North America Act, ascribed powers Canada thus became central to understanding and evaluating the stories with us. To call interviewees characters seems to cross the collaborative projects – where perhaps the interviews are to the provinces at the expense of the dominion government. By impact of African JCPC appeal cases on British imperial imaginary line into “fiction.” Now, I am quite certain that I feel 'handed-over' from one group to the other – or are we hoping for a the 1920s, attitudes towards the JCPC in Canada ranged from jurisprudence. Like India and Australia, Canada offered an this way because we historians invest a great deal into the realism single interdisciplinary practice to emerge that blurs the “measured criticism to vehement denunciation.” Largely owing important comparative framework for ascertaining the of the work that we do. boundaries between the two? If so, is this a realistic goal? I will be to the Canadian debates, the question of colonial appeals to the precedential value of African cases as well as the scope and limits interested to see what new questions and insights will emerge the JCPC became a key issue in British imperial politics. In Africa, of imperial justice. What Does Oral History & Performance Offer Us? next time Ted and I teach the course. challenges to JCPC jurisdiction intensified as colonial rule wound down in the 1950s. To properly understand later African Historians of the Empire like to talk about two distinct British One of the questions that I have been asking myself in recent This essay is based on a series of blogs that the author posted on opposition to the JCPC, therefore, it was important for me to Empires; the “first empire” focused on the settler communities of months is how I might integrate what we are learning in the www.lifestoriesmontreal.ca each week during the term. An explore the Canadian antecedents. the Americas and the second Empire focused eastward on the classroom into my research practice as an oral historian? In my extended version of this essay was published as part of the conquest of non-British peoples after the loss of the American case, this is a difficult question. I am not an actor. Nor am I a alt.theatre special issue. Connections between Canada and British Africa were also colonies. Unfortunately, this bifurcated framing of Empire playwright. How then might I usefully contribute to the staging of evident in judicial debates concerning aboriginal land rights. In impedes full understanding of Euro-aboriginal imperial oral histories? And, conversely, how might performing these 1921, the JCPC passed judgement in a landmark case that was to encounters. stories contribute to my interpretation of the interviews reverberate across the empire. The appeal was brought by an themselves? African chief, Amodu Tijani, against the colonial government in

16 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 17 Nouvelles pratiques reliées à la

permanence et aux promotions dans Les méthodes d’évaluation de l’enseignement sont aussi débattues, que ce soient la question des rôles respectifs des étudiants et des collègues, les départements d’histoire du Canada le sens à donner aux notes chiffrées données par les étudiants, la pratique croissante et problématique des évaluations en ligne, l’importance des supervisions de thèses, les difficultés encourues par Par Dominique Marshall l'accroissement de la taille des classes, ou encore la croyance que Les administrations d’universités et de collèges semblent exiger définitions applicables à tous les départements; elles mentionnent l’utilisation des technologies pédagogiques est une panacée. de plus en plus de leurs départements qu’ils dressent une liste toutes la recherche, l’enseignement et le service à la profession, dans précise, et le plus souvent quantifiable, des critères de des versions plus ou moins précises, et dressent les calendriers permanence et de promotion des professeurs. L’hiver dernier, la d’application aux différentes étapes de la carrière.2 L’ACPPU Société historique du Canada a commencé à colliger de tels procure plusieurs outils qui aident à réfléchir à ces questions et documents et à les mettre à la disposition de tous les directeurs de équipent ses membres en vue de la préparation de leurs dossiers. Ceci La nature changeante du travail académique appelle une aux notes chiffrées données par les étudiants, la pratique département d’histoire, dans le but non seulement de publiciser dit, plusieurs aspects propres au travail des historiens ne pourraient adaptation des éléments considérés pour juger de la valeur croissante et problématique des évaluations en ligne, les meilleures solutions de ceux qui font face à cet exercice pas être discutés au sein de ce forum. D’autres facteurs s’ajoutent aux d’une carrière, en particulier en ce qui concerne les histoires l’importance des supervisions de thèses, les difficultés difficile, mais encore de peindre un portrait plus vaste qui conventions collectives, comme les processus d’évaluation par les publique et numérique.3 encourues par l’accroissement de la taille des classes, ou pourrait aider tous et chacun à comprendre la nature de ces étudiants, d’accès à la supervision aux cycles supérieurs, et les revues encore la croyance que l’utilisation des technologies transformations. de travail périodiques. Ces dernières diffèrent elles aussi de façon La résistance à l’établissement de critères précis est motivée pédagogiques est une panacée. La mesure du service à la significative d’une institution à l’autre: à Guelph, une évaluation de la quant à elle par le besoin de maintenir une certaine discrétion profession pose aussi problème, en particulier en ce qui Vingt des 74 départements canadiens ont partagé leur performance a lieu tous les deux ans. En général, il n’y a pas de façon pour s’adapter aux situations individuelles, par l’idée que le concerne la reconnaissance du travail avec la communauté, expérience. En outre, parmi les vingt directeurs et directrices d’évaluer le travail des professeurs au-delà de leur titularisation. Il travail intellectuel ne peut être homogénéisé, et par la crainte les autres formes de contribution intellectuelle, le travail présents au Congrès annuel de Victoria en juin dernier, se existe aussi des liens entre la façon dont les professeurs d’histoire sont d'une entorse aux principes de la liberté académique. Comme d’administration et la collégialité des relations de travail. Plus trouvaient des représentants de 12 départements qui n’avaient promus et évalués, et l’évaluation des historiens par d'autres types l’exercice est généralement associé à la quantification des largement, le problème de la pondération respective de pas répondu au questionnaire de départ. Au total, donc, 32 d’institution, comme les organismes subventionnaires, les agences publications, des disciplines comme l’histoire pourront souffrir. l’enseignement, de la recherche et du service se pose: est-ce départements ont été rejoints pour la préparation de cet article. gouvernementales, les revues et les maisons de publication. Enfin, les que l’on peut accéder à la permanence en n’excellant que dans Seulement le quart des institutions qui ont répondu n’ont pas eu à départements s’influencent les uns les autres, en échangeant leurs Le processus d’écriture des critères varie d’un endroit à l'autre, deux des trois domaines? Devrait-il y avoir des critères de produire une telle liste détaillée dans un passé rapproché: listes, comme l’a fait Carleton l’an dernier lors de l’écriture de ses de la consultation des pairs à l’imposition plus directe par les rejet, comme à l’Université Laurentienne? La question de Brandon, Calgary, Huron et McMaster. Ces dernières partagent critères, ou encore quand des évaluateurs externes visitent un supérieurs. L’échelle de l’exercice et de l’applicabilité des critères l’efficacité, du rythme du travail et du temps mis à rejoindre toutefois le sentiment que la demande est imminente. Les département à l'occasion du renouvellement de leur accréditation. change elle aussi, et plusieurs craignent que les listes ne un jalon est aussi examinée. systèmes des collèges et des universités divergents, les premiers deviennent trop homogènes sur un même campus. Les façons d’adresser les discriminations possibles à fonctionnant selon une échelle de salaires; mais Capillanou, en Les initiatives courantes visant à l'établissement de critères l’intérieur même des pratiques de promotions, identifiées devenant une université, ne s’est pas défaite de ce système, ce qui détaillés proviennent au moins de cinq directions. De nombreuses questions ont été soulevées parmi ceux qui ont dans plusieurs études, sont importantes.4 pose des problèmes pour les historiens qui y travaillent. eu à établir ces listes : Elles ont souvent été amorcés par des administrations qui veulent La SHC peut aider de plusieurs façons: le Bureau de la Société qui Les traditions, pratiques et règles menant à la permanence et quantifier la plupart des aspects de la gouverne de leurs Est-ce que les publications devraient être jugées en vertu de a commencé à agir comme dépositaire des listes de critères aux promotions sont reliées à l’histoire de la liberté académique et institutions, selon un modèle d'affaires comparable à celui qui leur nombre? (le département de Moncton offre un exemple continuera de collecter les documents des départements qui ne du maintien des standards de la profession.1 Les règles relèvent prévaut aujourd’hui dans le système universitaire du Royaume très détaillé de quantification des publications) les ont pas encore envoyés. Lorsque le site web sera remanié plus aussi de l’histoire de la syndicalisation des professeurs dans Uni. À leur tour, ces administrations répondent aux pressions À quel niveau de précision le document devrait-il décrire le tard cette année, une section dédiée aux directeurs de chaque institution, et le mandat de l’Association canadienne des d’argentiers gouvernementaux préoccupés par ce qu'ils évoquent travail attendu d'un historien académique? Le document département, favorisera d’autres partages de ce type. Et on songe professeures et professeurs d’université (ACPPU) inclut la comme un accroissement de la demande de redevabilité venu de York est l’un des plus précis de ce point de vue. à lancer un système de messages communs, comme celui qui relie “liberté académique et la permanence de l'emploi”. Les comptable de la part des électeurs. Ce mouvement n’est pas sans Quelle est l’importance du livre dans une carrière d’historien? les directeurs de département affiliées à l’AHA. La responsable conventions collectives contiennent généralement des rapport avec celui des objectifs d'apprentissage qui occupe Certains départements exigent une monographie, d’autres des relations avec les directrices et directeurs de département au parallèlement plusieurs départements d’histoire. non, qui estiment qu'une série d'articles représente un sein du Conseil de la SHC, Myra Rutherdale, agira comme 1 Donald Wright, The Professionalization of History in English Canada, Toronto: Dans ce contexte, les historiens sont aussi à la recherches de équivalent. facilitatrice. University of Toronto Press, 2005, p. 171-172. Voir aussi p. 55, sur l’époque où la moyens d'expliquer à leurs collègues d’autres professions – avec Le poids donné aux subventions de recherche constitue aussi production académique n'était pas la principale façon d'obtenir prestige et lesquels ils siègent dans les comités de promotion et qui ont des un point de discorde, les recherches fructueuses n’étant pas promotions. 2 En général, la date d'application à la permanence se situe après la cinquième façons différentes d’évaluer la performance – les exigences forcément subventionnées. Certains départements, comme 4 Pour des exemples récents, voir Robert B. Townsend, “Gender and Success in année, et la sixième année pour la première promotion, quand ce n’est pas six and spécifiques à leur discipline. celui de l’Université de la Colombie-Britannique (UBC) ont Academia: More from the Historians’ Career Paths Survey”, Perspective on pour les deux étapes à la fois. Une augmentation des cas de litige sur les questions de mis au point un protocole systématique d’évaluation de la History, January 2013 http://www.historians.org/perspectives/issues/2013/1301/ 3 Voir par exemple, parmi les nombreuses discussions au sein de l’American permanence exige aussi de préciser les critères. recherche fondé sur la constitution de dossiers personnels au Historians-Career-Path-Survey-Gender-and-Success.cfm; Mary ann Mason, Historical Association (AHA), Debbie Doyle, “Public History: Recognition and La demande émane aussi de jeunes historiens qui veulent pouvoir contenu clairement établi à l’avance. “The Pyramid Problem”,The Chronicle of Higher Education , 9 March 2011, Reward in Promotion and Tenure”,AHA Today , juin 2010, http://www.law.berkeley.edu/files/The_Pyramid_Problem_3.11.pdf; Joya Misra http://j.mp/16zt2ww ; “Suggested Guidelines for Evaluating Digital Media suivre des guides plus explicites, moins arbitraires, plus Les méthodes d’évaluation de l’enseignement sont aussi et al., “The Ivory Ceiling of Service Work”,Academia , January-February 2011, Activities in Tenure, Review, and Promotion ~ An AAHC Document”, 2001, transparents et devant lesquels les administrations sont tenues débattues, que ce soient la question des rôles respectifs des http://www.aaup.org/article/ivory-ceiling-service-work#.UavkzUC1GSo. Je http://www.historians.org/perspectives/issues/2001/0110/0110pro1.cfm responsables. étudiants et des collègues, le sens à donner, encore une fois, remercie Adele Perry pour ces références.

18 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 19 Nouvelles pratiques reliées à la permanence et aux promotions dans Les méthodes d’évaluation de l’enseignement sont aussi débattues, que ce soient la question des rôles respectifs des étudiants et des collègues, les départements d’histoire du Canada le sens à donner aux notes chiffrées données par les étudiants, la pratique croissante et problématique des évaluations en ligne, l’importance des supervisions de thèses, les difficultés encourues par Par Dominique Marshall l'accroissement de la taille des classes, ou encore la croyance que Les administrations d’universités et de collèges semblent exiger définitions applicables à tous les départements; elles mentionnent l’utilisation des technologies pédagogiques est une panacée. de plus en plus de leurs départements qu’ils dressent une liste toutes la recherche, l’enseignement et le service à la profession, dans précise, et le plus souvent quantifiable, des critères de des versions plus ou moins précises, et dressent les calendriers permanence et de promotion des professeurs. L’hiver dernier, la d’application aux différentes étapes de la carrière.2 L’ACPPU Société historique du Canada a commencé à colliger de tels procure plusieurs outils qui aident à réfléchir à ces questions et documents et à les mettre à la disposition de tous les directeurs de équipent ses membres en vue de la préparation de leurs dossiers. Ceci La nature changeante du travail académique appelle une aux notes chiffrées données par les étudiants, la pratique département d’histoire, dans le but non seulement de publiciser dit, plusieurs aspects propres au travail des historiens ne pourraient adaptation des éléments considérés pour juger de la valeur croissante et problématique des évaluations en ligne, les meilleures solutions de ceux qui font face à cet exercice pas être discutés au sein de ce forum. D’autres facteurs s’ajoutent aux d’une carrière, en particulier en ce qui concerne les histoires l’importance des supervisions de thèses, les difficultés difficile, mais encore de peindre un portrait plus vaste qui conventions collectives, comme les processus d’évaluation par les publique et numérique.3 encourues par l’accroissement de la taille des classes, ou pourrait aider tous et chacun à comprendre la nature de ces étudiants, d’accès à la supervision aux cycles supérieurs, et les revues encore la croyance que l’utilisation des technologies transformations. de travail périodiques. Ces dernières diffèrent elles aussi de façon La résistance à l’établissement de critères précis est motivée pédagogiques est une panacée. La mesure du service à la significative d’une institution à l’autre: à Guelph, une évaluation de la quant à elle par le besoin de maintenir une certaine discrétion profession pose aussi problème, en particulier en ce qui Vingt des 74 départements canadiens ont partagé leur performance a lieu tous les deux ans. En général, il n’y a pas de façon pour s’adapter aux situations individuelles, par l’idée que le concerne la reconnaissance du travail avec la communauté, expérience. En outre, parmi les vingt directeurs et directrices d’évaluer le travail des professeurs au-delà de leur titularisation. Il travail intellectuel ne peut être homogénéisé, et par la crainte les autres formes de contribution intellectuelle, le travail présents au Congrès annuel de Victoria en juin dernier, se existe aussi des liens entre la façon dont les professeurs d’histoire sont d'une entorse aux principes de la liberté académique. Comme d’administration et la collégialité des relations de travail. Plus trouvaient des représentants de 12 départements qui n’avaient promus et évalués, et l’évaluation des historiens par d'autres types l’exercice est généralement associé à la quantification des largement, le problème de la pondération respective de pas répondu au questionnaire de départ. Au total, donc, 32 d’institution, comme les organismes subventionnaires, les agences publications, des disciplines comme l’histoire pourront souffrir. l’enseignement, de la recherche et du service se pose: est-ce départements ont été rejoints pour la préparation de cet article. gouvernementales, les revues et les maisons de publication. Enfin, les que l’on peut accéder à la permanence en n’excellant que dans Seulement le quart des institutions qui ont répondu n’ont pas eu à départements s’influencent les uns les autres, en échangeant leurs Le processus d’écriture des critères varie d’un endroit à l'autre, deux des trois domaines? Devrait-il y avoir des critères de produire une telle liste détaillée dans un passé rapproché: listes, comme l’a fait Carleton l’an dernier lors de l’écriture de ses de la consultation des pairs à l’imposition plus directe par les rejet, comme à l’Université Laurentienne? La question de Brandon, Calgary, Huron et McMaster. Ces dernières partagent critères, ou encore quand des évaluateurs externes visitent un supérieurs. L’échelle de l’exercice et de l’applicabilité des critères l’efficacité, du rythme du travail et du temps mis à rejoindre toutefois le sentiment que la demande est imminente. Les département à l'occasion du renouvellement de leur accréditation. change elle aussi, et plusieurs craignent que les listes ne un jalon est aussi examinée. systèmes des collèges et des universités divergents, les premiers deviennent trop homogènes sur un même campus. Les façons d’adresser les discriminations possibles à fonctionnant selon une échelle de salaires; mais Capillanou, en Les initiatives courantes visant à l'établissement de critères l’intérieur même des pratiques de promotions, identifiées devenant une université, ne s’est pas défaite de ce système, ce qui détaillés proviennent au moins de cinq directions. De nombreuses questions ont été soulevées parmi ceux qui ont dans plusieurs études, sont importantes.4 pose des problèmes pour les historiens qui y travaillent. eu à établir ces listes : Elles ont souvent été amorcés par des administrations qui veulent La SHC peut aider de plusieurs façons: le Bureau de la Société qui Les traditions, pratiques et règles menant à la permanence et quantifier la plupart des aspects de la gouverne de leurs Est-ce que les publications devraient être jugées en vertu de a commencé à agir comme dépositaire des listes de critères aux promotions sont reliées à l’histoire de la liberté académique et institutions, selon un modèle d'affaires comparable à celui qui leur nombre? (le département de Moncton offre un exemple continuera de collecter les documents des départements qui ne du maintien des standards de la profession.1 Les règles relèvent prévaut aujourd’hui dans le système universitaire du Royaume très détaillé de quantification des publications) les ont pas encore envoyés. Lorsque le site web sera remanié plus aussi de l’histoire de la syndicalisation des professeurs dans Uni. À leur tour, ces administrations répondent aux pressions À quel niveau de précision le document devrait-il décrire le tard cette année, une section dédiée aux directeurs de chaque institution, et le mandat de l’Association canadienne des d’argentiers gouvernementaux préoccupés par ce qu'ils évoquent travail attendu d'un historien académique? Le document département, favorisera d’autres partages de ce type. Et on songe professeures et professeurs d’université (ACPPU) inclut la comme un accroissement de la demande de redevabilité venu de York est l’un des plus précis de ce point de vue. à lancer un système de messages communs, comme celui qui relie “liberté académique et la permanence de l'emploi”. Les comptable de la part des électeurs. Ce mouvement n’est pas sans Quelle est l’importance du livre dans une carrière d’historien? les directeurs de département affiliées à l’AHA. La responsable conventions collectives contiennent généralement des rapport avec celui des objectifs d'apprentissage qui occupe Certains départements exigent une monographie, d’autres des relations avec les directrices et directeurs de département au parallèlement plusieurs départements d’histoire. non, qui estiment qu'une série d'articles représente un sein du Conseil de la SHC, Myra Rutherdale, agira comme 1 Donald Wright, The Professionalization of History in English Canada, Toronto: Dans ce contexte, les historiens sont aussi à la recherches de équivalent. facilitatrice. University of Toronto Press, 2005, p. 171-172. Voir aussi p. 55, sur l’époque où la moyens d'expliquer à leurs collègues d’autres professions – avec Le poids donné aux subventions de recherche constitue aussi production académique n'était pas la principale façon d'obtenir prestige et lesquels ils siègent dans les comités de promotion et qui ont des un point de discorde, les recherches fructueuses n’étant pas promotions. 2 En général, la date d'application à la permanence se situe après la cinquième façons différentes d’évaluer la performance – les exigences forcément subventionnées. Certains départements, comme 4 Pour des exemples récents, voir Robert B. Townsend, “Gender and Success in année, et la sixième année pour la première promotion, quand ce n’est pas six and spécifiques à leur discipline. celui de l’Université de la Colombie-Britannique (UBC) ont Academia: More from the Historians’ Career Paths Survey”, Perspective on pour les deux étapes à la fois. Une augmentation des cas de litige sur les questions de mis au point un protocole systématique d’évaluation de la History, January 2013 http://www.historians.org/perspectives/issues/2013/1301/ 3 Voir par exemple, parmi les nombreuses discussions au sein de l’American permanence exige aussi de préciser les critères. recherche fondé sur la constitution de dossiers personnels au Historians-Career-Path-Survey-Gender-and-Success.cfm; Mary ann Mason, Historical Association (AHA), Debbie Doyle, “Public History: Recognition and La demande émane aussi de jeunes historiens qui veulent pouvoir contenu clairement établi à l’avance. “The Pyramid Problem”,The Chronicle of Higher Education , 9 March 2011, Reward in Promotion and Tenure”,AHA Today , juin 2010, http://www.law.berkeley.edu/files/The_Pyramid_Problem_3.11.pdf; Joya Misra http://j.mp/16zt2ww ; “Suggested Guidelines for Evaluating Digital Media suivre des guides plus explicites, moins arbitraires, plus Les méthodes d’évaluation de l’enseignement sont aussi et al., “The Ivory Ceiling of Service Work”,Academia , January-February 2011, Activities in Tenure, Review, and Promotion ~ An AAHC Document”, 2001, transparents et devant lesquels les administrations sont tenues débattues, que ce soient la question des rôles respectifs des http://www.aaup.org/article/ivory-ceiling-service-work#.UavkzUC1GSo. Je http://www.historians.org/perspectives/issues/2001/0110/0110pro1.cfm responsables. étudiants et des collègues, le sens à donner, encore une fois, remercie Adele Perry pour ces références.

18 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 19 News for the Chairs: Tenure and Promotion The evaluation of teaching is a concern, with the Practices in Canadian Departments of History question of the respective roles of students and departmental assessments, the debate over the very meaning of the marks given by students, the questionable use of online evaluations, the By Dominique Marshall importance given to graduate supervisions, the The practice of university and college administrations to ask for maintenance of the standards of the profession.1 The rules are also difficulties incurred by rising class sizes and the precise promotion and tenure criteria from their departments, linked to the specific histories of unionization of faculty in each belief that the use of technology will solve many of most often quantifiable ones, seems to be increasing. This last institution, and the mandate of the Canadian Association of winter, the office of the Canadian Historical Association has University Teachers (CAUT) concerns directly “Academic the problems this causes. started to collect existing lists, and to make them available to all Freedom and Tenure.” Collective agreements contain general chairs. This is not only to help them share best practices when definitions applicable to all departments, which all mention they face this difficult exercise, but also to offer a broader picture research, teaching and service in various degrees of detail, and set which might help all to make sense of the nature of these changes. the calendar of when one can apply to different stages.2 CAUT The demand also comes from junior faculty wanting more provides many tools to help and reflect on these questions and to precise guidelines to follow, less arbitrariness, more Twenty of the 74 departments in Canada have shared their help scholars prepare their files when they apply for tenure and transparency and accountability. criteria (34 departments are officially members of the CHA). promotion. Having said that, many aspects of historians’ work The changing nature of scholarly work calls for an adaptation Amongst the 20 Chairs (or their representatives) present at could not be discussed easily in this forum. In addition to being of criteria, especially in matters of public history and in digital Congress in Victoria last June to discuss a preliminary report informed by collective agreements, the tenure and promotion history.3 based on these answers, there were an additional 12 departments criteria are related to other processes of assessment, such as who had not answered the questionnaire. In total, then, 32 teaching evaluations, admission to graduate supervision, and The resistance against the writing of such lists is motivated by the use of technology will solve many of the problems this causes. departments were involved in the preparation of this article. We periodical reviews of work. These in turn differ considerably, need to maintain discretion, the idea that this is a matter that The measurement of service is also debated, with the problem discovered that demands for the writing of detailed tenure and Guelph for instance, has a “performance rating” process every cannot be standardized, and the possible intrusions in academic of acknowledging other forms of scholarly productivity, promotion criteria seem to be coming not only from two years. They are also related to systems of training of new freedom it entails. As the exercise is generally associated with administrative work, diffusion in the community. More administrations seduced by the simplicity of accounting, and members of faculty. Generally, there is no mode of assessment of quantification of publications, disciplines such as history suffer. broadly, the problem arises of the respective weighting of influenced by colleagues in sciences who tend to teach less than the work of faculty beyond full professorship. There is also a teaching, research and service: can one be promoted if some those in arts and social sciences, but also from the younger broader link between promotion criteria and the ways by which Theprocess of writing the criteria varies from places to places, of these elements are lacking and others are very strong? colleagues and faculty unions in search of more transparency, historians are assessed and promoted elsewhere: by granting from a review process lead by peers, to more imposition from Should there be criteria for disqualification, such as that at worried by what they perceive as opaque demands, and harmful agencies, public institutions, journals and publishers. Finally, above. The scale of the exercise and of the applicability of the Laurentian? The element of time, efficiency, rhythm of work rumours. Only a quarter of the institutions who have answered so departments influence each other, by reading lists from other criteria also varies and many fear homogenous system for all can also be a problem. far had not been through the recent form of exercise of departments, as Carleton did last year when we wrote our report, disciplines. Ways to address the possible discriminations within the process establishing a precise list of criteria for tenure and promotion: and by the wider process of certification of departments, which of promotion remain a difficulty, and many studies have Brandon, Calgary, Huron and MacMaster. Amongst them, there brings evaluators from other units on one’s campus. The issues that have arisen amongst those who have gone addressed this situation.4 is a sense that the demand will be soon coming. Colleges and through this exercise are many. universities have different systems; for the former, permanent Current initiatives in the works to set detailed list for criteria The CHA can help. The main office of the CHA will act as a faculty are generally on a salary scale. Although Capilanou is now come at least from five directions. Should publications be quantified? (The Department at repository of lists of criteria, for the chairs’ reference, and will a university, it has inherited this system and has no tenure and Moncton offers a very detailed quantification for instance.) welcome documents from departments who have not sent them promotion arrangements; a difficult situation for historians who They have often emerged from administrations wanting to How much should the nature of a historians’ work be yet. As the website is revamped this year, there will be a section work there. quantify many aspects of the management of their described. On this count, the document from York is one of devoted to chairs’ matters, where such sharing can happen. The institutions, following a business model similar to the one that the most extensive. member of Council responsible for relations to Chairs, Myra Traditions, practices and rules for tenure and promotions are now prevails in the system of university education in the What is the importance of books in a history career? Some Rutherdale, will see to this task. There are talks of establishing an related to the history of academic freedom and of the United Kingdom. In turn, these administrators are answering departments require books, others estimate that groups of online discussion, such the list serve the AHA maintains for all agents of public financing whose demand for accountability is articles are equivalent. Chairs. 1 Donald Wright, The Professionalization of History in English Canada, Toronto: increasingly understood in quantifiable terms. This is not The weight given to research grants is also a matter of University of Toronto Press, 2005, p. 171-172. See also pp. 55, on scholarly unlike the movement towards “learning objectives,” which discussion. Some departments such as UBC have made the production as the main path for promotion not being the main way for prestige and promotion. presently occupies many departments. assessment of research more systematic by asking for research 4 See for instance Robert B. Townsend, “Gender and Success in Academia: More 2 Five years for tenure and six for promotion, with a movement towards six for In these situations, historians are looking for lists of criteria dossiers with clear components. from the Historians’ Career Paths Survey”,Perspective on History , January 2013 both, is the general trend. which they can share with colleagues of other disciplines on The evaluation of teaching is a concern, with the question of http://www.historians.org/perspectives/issues/2013/1301/Historians-Career- 3 For some of the many discussions hosted by the American Historical Association their respective campus, who have different ways to gage the respective roles of students and departmental Path-Survey-Gender-and-Success.cfm; Mary Ann Mason, “The Pyramid on these matters, see Debbie Doyle, “Public History: Recognition and Reward in performance in their discipline. assessments, the debate over the very meaning of the marks Problem”, the Chronicle of Higher Education, 9 March 2011, Promotion and Tenure”,AHA Today, June 2010, http://j.mp/16zt2ww and http://www.law.berkeley.edu/files/The_Pyramid_Problem_3.11.pdf; Joya Misra “Suggested Guidelines for Evaluating Digital Media Activities in Tenure, Review, In general, the sense is that there has been more litigation on given by students, the questionable use of online evaluations, et al., “The Ivory Ceiling of Service Work,” Academia, January-February 2011, and Promotion ~ An AAHC Document, ” 2 0 0 1 , matters of tenure and promotion than in the past, which also the importance given to graduate supervisions, the http://www.aaup.org/article/ivory-ceiling-service-work#.UavkzUC1GSo. I http://www.historians.org/perspectives/issues/2001/0110/0110pro1.cfm calls for more precise criteria. difficulties incurred by rising class sizes and the belief that the thank Adele Perry for these references.

20 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 21 News for the Chairs: Tenure and Promotion The evaluation of teaching is a concern, with the Practices in Canadian Departments of History question of the respective roles of students and departmental assessments, the debate over the very meaning of the marks given by students, the questionable use of online evaluations, the By Dominique Marshall importance given to graduate supervisions, the The practice of university and college administrations to ask for maintenance of the standards of the profession.1 The rules are also difficulties incurred by rising class sizes and the precise promotion and tenure criteria from their departments, linked to the specific histories of unionization of faculty in each belief that the use of technology will solve many of most often quantifiable ones, seems to be increasing. This last institution, and the mandate of the Canadian Association of winter, the office of the Canadian Historical Association has University Teachers (CAUT) concerns directly “Academic the problems this causes. started to collect existing lists, and to make them available to all Freedom and Tenure.” Collective agreements contain general chairs. This is not only to help them share best practices when definitions applicable to all departments, which all mention they face this difficult exercise, but also to offer a broader picture research, teaching and service in various degrees of detail, and set which might help all to make sense of the nature of these changes. the calendar of when one can apply to different stages.2 CAUT The demand also comes from junior faculty wanting more provides many tools to help and reflect on these questions and to precise guidelines to follow, less arbitrariness, more Twenty of the 74 departments in Canada have shared their help scholars prepare their files when they apply for tenure and transparency and accountability. criteria (34 departments are officially members of the CHA). promotion. Having said that, many aspects of historians’ work The changing nature of scholarly work calls for an adaptation Amongst the 20 Chairs (or their representatives) present at could not be discussed easily in this forum. In addition to being of criteria, especially in matters of public history and in digital Congress in Victoria last June to discuss a preliminary report informed by collective agreements, the tenure and promotion history.3 based on these answers, there were an additional 12 departments criteria are related to other processes of assessment, such as who had not answered the questionnaire. In total, then, 32 teaching evaluations, admission to graduate supervision, and The resistance against the writing of such lists is motivated by the use of technology will solve many of the problems this causes. departments were involved in the preparation of this article. We periodical reviews of work. These in turn differ considerably, need to maintain discretion, the idea that this is a matter that The measurement of service is also debated, with the problem discovered that demands for the writing of detailed tenure and Guelph for instance, has a “performance rating” process every cannot be standardized, and the possible intrusions in academic of acknowledging other forms of scholarly productivity, promotion criteria seem to be coming not only from two years. They are also related to systems of training of new freedom it entails. As the exercise is generally associated with administrative work, diffusion in the community. More administrations seduced by the simplicity of accounting, and members of faculty. Generally, there is no mode of assessment of quantification of publications, disciplines such as history suffer. broadly, the problem arises of the respective weighting of influenced by colleagues in sciences who tend to teach less than the work of faculty beyond full professorship. There is also a teaching, research and service: can one be promoted if some those in arts and social sciences, but also from the younger broader link between promotion criteria and the ways by which Theprocess of writing the criteria varies from places to places, of these elements are lacking and others are very strong? colleagues and faculty unions in search of more transparency, historians are assessed and promoted elsewhere: by granting from a review process lead by peers, to more imposition from Should there be criteria for disqualification, such as that at worried by what they perceive as opaque demands, and harmful agencies, public institutions, journals and publishers. Finally, above. The scale of the exercise and of the applicability of the Laurentian? The element of time, efficiency, rhythm of work rumours. Only a quarter of the institutions who have answered so departments influence each other, by reading lists from other criteria also varies and many fear homogenous system for all can also be a problem. far had not been through the recent form of exercise of departments, as Carleton did last year when we wrote our report, disciplines. Ways to address the possible discriminations within the process establishing a precise list of criteria for tenure and promotion: and by the wider process of certification of departments, which of promotion remain a difficulty, and many studies have Brandon, Calgary, Huron and MacMaster. Amongst them, there brings evaluators from other units on one’s campus. The issues that have arisen amongst those who have gone addressed this situation.4 is a sense that the demand will be soon coming. Colleges and through this exercise are many. universities have different systems; for the former, permanent Current initiatives in the works to set detailed list for criteria The CHA can help. The main office of the CHA will act as a faculty are generally on a salary scale. Although Capilanou is now come at least from five directions. Should publications be quantified? (The Department at repository of lists of criteria, for the chairs’ reference, and will a university, it has inherited this system and has no tenure and Moncton offers a very detailed quantification for instance.) welcome documents from departments who have not sent them promotion arrangements; a difficult situation for historians who They have often emerged from administrations wanting to How much should the nature of a historians’ work be yet. As the website is revamped this year, there will be a section work there. quantify many aspects of the management of their described. On this count, the document from York is one of devoted to chairs’ matters, where such sharing can happen. The institutions, following a business model similar to the one that the most extensive. member of Council responsible for relations to Chairs, Myra Traditions, practices and rules for tenure and promotions are now prevails in the system of university education in the What is the importance of books in a history career? Some Rutherdale, will see to this task. There are talks of establishing an related to the history of academic freedom and of the United Kingdom. In turn, these administrators are answering departments require books, others estimate that groups of online discussion, such the list serve the AHA maintains for all agents of public financing whose demand for accountability is articles are equivalent. Chairs. 1 Donald Wright, The Professionalization of History in English Canada, Toronto: increasingly understood in quantifiable terms. This is not The weight given to research grants is also a matter of University of Toronto Press, 2005, p. 171-172. See also pp. 55, on scholarly unlike the movement towards “learning objectives,” which discussion. Some departments such as UBC have made the production as the main path for promotion not being the main way for prestige and promotion. presently occupies many departments. assessment of research more systematic by asking for research 4 See for instance Robert B. Townsend, “Gender and Success in Academia: More 2 Five years for tenure and six for promotion, with a movement towards six for In these situations, historians are looking for lists of criteria dossiers with clear components. from the Historians’ Career Paths Survey”,Perspective on History , January 2013 both, is the general trend. which they can share with colleagues of other disciplines on The evaluation of teaching is a concern, with the question of http://www.historians.org/perspectives/issues/2013/1301/Historians-Career- 3 For some of the many discussions hosted by the American Historical Association their respective campus, who have different ways to gage the respective roles of students and departmental Path-Survey-Gender-and-Success.cfm; Mary Ann Mason, “The Pyramid on these matters, see Debbie Doyle, “Public History: Recognition and Reward in performance in their discipline. assessments, the debate over the very meaning of the marks Problem”, the Chronicle of Higher Education, 9 March 2011, Promotion and Tenure”,AHA Today, June 2010, http://j.mp/16zt2ww and http://www.law.berkeley.edu/files/The_Pyramid_Problem_3.11.pdf; Joya Misra “Suggested Guidelines for Evaluating Digital Media Activities in Tenure, Review, In general, the sense is that there has been more litigation on given by students, the questionable use of online evaluations, et al., “The Ivory Ceiling of Service Work,” Academia, January-February 2011, and Promotion ~ An AAHC Document, ” 2 0 0 1 , matters of tenure and promotion than in the past, which also the importance given to graduate supervisions, the http://www.aaup.org/article/ivory-ceiling-service-work#.UavkzUC1GSo. I http://www.historians.org/perspectives/issues/2001/0110/0110pro1.cfm calls for more precise criteria. difficulties incurred by rising class sizes and the belief that the thank Adele Perry for these references.

20 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 21 Interview with longtime CHA the earliest arguments for a shorter working day in nineteenth- récente) reflètent-elles l’évolution de vos propres intérêts de century Canada, and was drawn from a larger project on the recherche ? member and former President struggles to reduce worktime and expand leisure down to the of our association, Craig Heron present. In some ways, there were clear continuities from the past – Craig Heron. La communication que j’ai offerte à l’Université de a persistent interest in the lives of working people, an equally Victoria en 2013 était ma 11e à la réunion annuelle de la SHC. Elle persistent commitment to a materialist analysis of their jetait un regard sur les premières argumentations pour une experience, and a fascination with the diverse ways in which journée de travail plus courte au Canada au XIXe siècle et a été Entretien avec Craig Heron, workers responded to their material situations, including the élaborée à partir d’un projet plus vaste sur les luttes pour réduire history of workers’ movements. In 1989 I wrote a short survey of les heures de travail et pour accroître celles des loisirs jusqu’à ce membre de longue date de la SHC that history inThe Canadian Labour Movement (which recently jour. À certains égards, elle contenait des continuités avec le passé et ancien président de notre société had a third updated edition). A few years later I also coordinated a – un intérêt constant pour la vie des travailleurs, un engagement collective project of scholars across the country to bring together a tout aussi soutenu pour une analyse matérialiste de leur comprehensive assessment of labour unrest in the World War One expérience et une fascination pour les diverses façons prises par era, which resulted in the book, The Workers’ Revolt in Canada, les travailleurs pour répondre à leurs situations matérielles, y Recently, we asked long-time CHA member Craig Heron to Nous avons récemment demandé à Craig Heron, membre de 1917-1925. compris l’histoire des mouvements ouvriers. En 1989, j’ai fait answer a few questions for the Bulletin and to reflect on his time longue date de la SHC, de répondre à quelques questions pour le enquête sur cette histoire dans The Canadian Labour Movement with the Association and as a member of the profession. He was Bulletin et de refléter sur son adhésion à la société et sa Yet, as I think my presidential address in 2009 indicated, a lot has (qui en est à sa troisième édition actualisée). Quelques années very kind and obliged us! Among other things, Dr. Heron is a profession. Il a été très gracieux et a acquiescé ! Entre autres changed in how I approach the social and cultural history of the plus tard, j’ai également coordonné un projet collectif de professor at York University, a past president of the CHA, and choses, le Dr Heron est professeur à l’Université York, ancien working class. Over the years I was heavily influenced by feminist chercheurs de tout le pays pour faire une évaluation exhaustive editor for the University of Toronto Press. He has authored président de la SHC et rédacteur en chef de l’University of and anti-racist scholars whose work forced many of us working des conflits de travail à l’époque de la Première Guerre mondiale several notable works on Canadian social history, including The Toronto Press. Il est l’auteur de plusieurs ouvrages marquants sur with class as our primary category of analysis to recognize the qui a produit un livre, The Workers' Revolt in Canada, 1917-1925. Canadian Labour Movement: A Short History (1989, 1996) and l'histoire sociale canadienne dont The Canadian Labour simultaneous identities that gender and race brought into play. Booze in Canada: A History (2003). Movement: A Short History(1989, 1996) et Booze in Canada: A Among many other adjustments, those challenges pushed us to Toutefois, comme je pense l’avoir indiqué dans mon discours History (2003). recognize the many other sites where working-class identities were présidentiel en 2009, beaucoup de choses ont changé dans ma CHA. When did you join the CHA? formed – the household in particular – and the many other façon d’aborder l’histoire sociale et culturelle de la classe SHC. En quelle année avez-vous adhéré à la SHC ? expressions of working-class consciousness. A decade ago I ouvrière. Au fil des années, j’ai été fortement influencé par les Craig Heron. I went to my first CHA meeting at Queen’s in 1973. published a book on how masculinities and femininities were universitaires féministes et antiracistes dont le travail a forcé More precisely, I left work early on a Friday to drive to Kingston to Craig Heron. Je suis allé à ma première réunion de la SHC à constructed in part through drinking practices and their beaucoup d’entre nous à se servir de la classe sociale comme catch the session where Greg Kealey was presenting his first CHA Queen's en 1973. Plus précisément, je suis parti du travail tôt le regulation, and a couple of years later I used two articles to explore principale catégorie d'analyse pour reconnaître les identités paper (on Toronto shoemakers) and then attended the founding vendredi pour me rendre à Kingston pour écouter Greg Kealey the larger range of working-class masculinities. simultanées que le sexe et la race mettent en évidence. Parmi meeting of the Committee on Canadian Labour History qui offrait sa première communication à la SHC (sur les beaucoup d’autres ajustements, ces défis nous ont poussés à immediately after. I must have joined the association by the time I cordonniers de Toronto), puis j’ai assisté à la réunion fondatrice The Booze book and the subsequent study of Labour Day that reconnaître les nombreux autres sites où les identités de la classe gave my first commentary in 1978 and my first paper in 1979. du Comité canadien sur l’histoire du travail par la suite. Je dois Steven Penfold and I put together in 2005 reflected how for several ouvrière se sont constituées – la maison en particulier – et les avoir adhéré à la société au moment où j’ai présenté mon premier years my research interests moved away from the paid workplace. nombreuses autres expressions de la conscience de la classe CHA. What was the focus of that first paper? commentaire en 1978 et offert ma première communication en My forthcoming book on working-class life in Hamilton, Ontario, ouvrière. Il y a dix ans, j’ai publié un livre sur la façon dont la 1979. from the 1890s to the 1930s includes a great deal more on popular masculinité et la féminité ont été édifiées en partie par le biais des Craig Heron. My first CHA paper, presented in 1979 at the cultures, ethnic associations, and politics. But it also has several habitudes de consommation et de leur standardisation et University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon, was on “The Crisis of SHC. Quel était le sujet de cette première communication ? chapters on workplace relations, which I have continued to see as quelques années plus tard, j’ai utilisé deux articles pour explorer the Craftsman” in Hamilton in the early twentieth century. It was central to understanding the working-class past. And my new un éventail plus large de la masculinité de la classe ouvrière. a study of the impact of new managerial and technological Craig Heron. Ma première communication à la SHC a été project on the struggles over time has brought me back to one of the systems on metal-trades workers and their responses. The présentée à l’Université de la Saskatchewan à Saskatoon en 1979 greatest points of friction between labour and capital – the length Le livre Booze et l’étude sur la fête du Travail que Steven Penfold session was actually cross-listed from the History of Science and et portait sur « La crise de l’artisan » à Hamilton au début du XXe of the working day. Now, however, I am much more interested in et moi avons mené en 2005 reflètent comment mes intérêts de Technology group and wasn't included in the regular CHA siècle. Il s’agissait d’une étude sur l’impact des nouveaux systèmes how the arguments about time are constructed – the ideas that recherche se sont éloignés du lieu de travail rémunéré pendant program. Thanks to some last minute posturing, a reasonably technologiques et managériaux sur le métier des travailleurs du were thrown back and forth. Inevitably most of us have been plusieurs années. Mon prochain livre sur la vie de la classe good crowd nonetheless turned up, and, since neither my co- métal et leurs réponses. La séance était répertoriée dans le affected by the so-called “cultural” (or “linguistic”) turn and the ouvrière à Hamilton en Ontario, des années 1890 aux années presenter nor my commentator showed, I had the fullest programme du groupe de l’histoire des sciences et de la role of discourses in the historical process. In contrast to my more 1930, se penche beaucoup plus sur les cultures populaires, les attention I would ever have in making such a conference technologie et n’était pas incluse dans le programme régulier de la reductionist thinking as a graduate student, I am now much now associations ethniques et politiques. Mais il a aussi plusieurs presentation. A much revised version of that paper appeared in SHC. En dépit de quelques manœuvres de dernière minute, une more attuned of the unpredictability of the links between social chapitres sur les relations de travail, que j’estime toujours être un Labour/Le Travailleur two years later. assez bonne foule est néanmoins venu m’écouter et, puisque ni situation and consciousness. That was what led me to a notion of élément central pour comprendre le passé de la classe ouvrière. Et mon coprésentateur, ni mon commentateur se sont présentés, j'ai “working-class realism,” a term intended to suggest the ways in mon nouveau projet sur les luttes dans le temps m’a ramené à l’un CHA. What about your most recent presentation to the CHA? eu le plus d’attention que je pouvais espérer avoir à faire une telle which workers made their own lives within a historically fluid des plus grands points de friction entre travail et capital – la How do these two papers (your first and your most recent) reflect présentation à la réunion annuelle. Une version amplement understanding of both limitations and possibilities. longueur de la journée de travail. Néanmoins, je suis how your own research interests have changed or developed over retravaillée de cette présentation a été publiée dans Labour / Le présentement beaucoup plus intéressé par la façon dont les time? Travail deux ans plus tard. CHA. How has the CHA changed since you joined, in terms of its argumentations au sujet des heures de travail sont édifiées – les membership and its role in the broader historical community? idées que l’on avance et que l’on rejette. Inévitablement, la plupart Craig Heron. The paper I presented at the University of Victoria SHC. À propos de votre plus récente communication à la SHC ? What do you see as the CHA's most important function? What d’entre nous ont été touchés par la tournure dite « culturelle » (ou in 2013 was the eleventh I’ve given at CHA meetings. It looked at De quelle façon ces deux présentations (votre première et la plus direction would you like to see the Association take in the future? « linguistique ») et le rôle des discours dans le processus

22 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 23 Interview with longtime CHA the earliest arguments for a shorter working day in nineteenth- récente) reflètent-elles l’évolution de vos propres intérêts de century Canada, and was drawn from a larger project on the recherche ? member and former President struggles to reduce worktime and expand leisure down to the of our association, Craig Heron present. In some ways, there were clear continuities from the past – Craig Heron. La communication que j’ai offerte à l’Université de a persistent interest in the lives of working people, an equally Victoria en 2013 était ma 11e à la réunion annuelle de la SHC. Elle persistent commitment to a materialist analysis of their jetait un regard sur les premières argumentations pour une experience, and a fascination with the diverse ways in which journée de travail plus courte au Canada au XIXe siècle et a été Entretien avec Craig Heron, workers responded to their material situations, including the élaborée à partir d’un projet plus vaste sur les luttes pour réduire history of workers’ movements. In 1989 I wrote a short survey of les heures de travail et pour accroître celles des loisirs jusqu’à ce membre de longue date de la SHC that history inThe Canadian Labour Movement (which recently jour. À certains égards, elle contenait des continuités avec le passé et ancien président de notre société had a third updated edition). A few years later I also coordinated a – un intérêt constant pour la vie des travailleurs, un engagement collective project of scholars across the country to bring together a tout aussi soutenu pour une analyse matérialiste de leur comprehensive assessment of labour unrest in the World War One expérience et une fascination pour les diverses façons prises par era, which resulted in the book, The Workers’ Revolt in Canada, les travailleurs pour répondre à leurs situations matérielles, y Recently, we asked long-time CHA member Craig Heron to Nous avons récemment demandé à Craig Heron, membre de 1917-1925. compris l’histoire des mouvements ouvriers. En 1989, j’ai fait answer a few questions for the Bulletin and to reflect on his time longue date de la SHC, de répondre à quelques questions pour le enquête sur cette histoire dans The Canadian Labour Movement with the Association and as a member of the profession. He was Bulletin et de refléter sur son adhésion à la société et sa Yet, as I think my presidential address in 2009 indicated, a lot has (qui en est à sa troisième édition actualisée). Quelques années very kind and obliged us! Among other things, Dr. Heron is a profession. Il a été très gracieux et a acquiescé ! Entre autres changed in how I approach the social and cultural history of the plus tard, j’ai également coordonné un projet collectif de professor at York University, a past president of the CHA, and choses, le Dr Heron est professeur à l’Université York, ancien working class. Over the years I was heavily influenced by feminist chercheurs de tout le pays pour faire une évaluation exhaustive editor for the University of Toronto Press. He has authored président de la SHC et rédacteur en chef de l’University of and anti-racist scholars whose work forced many of us working des conflits de travail à l’époque de la Première Guerre mondiale several notable works on Canadian social history, including The Toronto Press. Il est l’auteur de plusieurs ouvrages marquants sur with class as our primary category of analysis to recognize the qui a produit un livre, The Workers' Revolt in Canada, 1917-1925. Canadian Labour Movement: A Short History (1989, 1996) and l'histoire sociale canadienne dont The Canadian Labour simultaneous identities that gender and race brought into play. Booze in Canada: A History (2003). Movement: A Short History(1989, 1996) et Booze in Canada: A Among many other adjustments, those challenges pushed us to Toutefois, comme je pense l’avoir indiqué dans mon discours History (2003). recognize the many other sites where working-class identities were présidentiel en 2009, beaucoup de choses ont changé dans ma CHA. When did you join the CHA? formed – the household in particular – and the many other façon d’aborder l’histoire sociale et culturelle de la classe SHC. En quelle année avez-vous adhéré à la SHC ? expressions of working-class consciousness. A decade ago I ouvrière. Au fil des années, j’ai été fortement influencé par les Craig Heron. I went to my first CHA meeting at Queen’s in 1973. published a book on how masculinities and femininities were universitaires féministes et antiracistes dont le travail a forcé More precisely, I left work early on a Friday to drive to Kingston to Craig Heron. Je suis allé à ma première réunion de la SHC à constructed in part through drinking practices and their beaucoup d’entre nous à se servir de la classe sociale comme catch the session where Greg Kealey was presenting his first CHA Queen's en 1973. Plus précisément, je suis parti du travail tôt le regulation, and a couple of years later I used two articles to explore principale catégorie d'analyse pour reconnaître les identités paper (on Toronto shoemakers) and then attended the founding vendredi pour me rendre à Kingston pour écouter Greg Kealey the larger range of working-class masculinities. simultanées que le sexe et la race mettent en évidence. Parmi meeting of the Committee on Canadian Labour History qui offrait sa première communication à la SHC (sur les beaucoup d’autres ajustements, ces défis nous ont poussés à immediately after. I must have joined the association by the time I cordonniers de Toronto), puis j’ai assisté à la réunion fondatrice The Booze book and the subsequent study of Labour Day that reconnaître les nombreux autres sites où les identités de la classe gave my first commentary in 1978 and my first paper in 1979. du Comité canadien sur l’histoire du travail par la suite. Je dois Steven Penfold and I put together in 2005 reflected how for several ouvrière se sont constituées – la maison en particulier – et les avoir adhéré à la société au moment où j’ai présenté mon premier years my research interests moved away from the paid workplace. nombreuses autres expressions de la conscience de la classe CHA. What was the focus of that first paper? commentaire en 1978 et offert ma première communication en My forthcoming book on working-class life in Hamilton, Ontario, ouvrière. Il y a dix ans, j’ai publié un livre sur la façon dont la 1979. from the 1890s to the 1930s includes a great deal more on popular masculinité et la féminité ont été édifiées en partie par le biais des Craig Heron. My first CHA paper, presented in 1979 at the cultures, ethnic associations, and politics. But it also has several habitudes de consommation et de leur standardisation et University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon, was on “The Crisis of SHC. Quel était le sujet de cette première communication ? chapters on workplace relations, which I have continued to see as quelques années plus tard, j’ai utilisé deux articles pour explorer the Craftsman” in Hamilton in the early twentieth century. It was central to understanding the working-class past. And my new un éventail plus large de la masculinité de la classe ouvrière. a study of the impact of new managerial and technological Craig Heron. Ma première communication à la SHC a été project on the struggles over time has brought me back to one of the systems on metal-trades workers and their responses. The présentée à l’Université de la Saskatchewan à Saskatoon en 1979 greatest points of friction between labour and capital – the length Le livre Booze et l’étude sur la fête du Travail que Steven Penfold session was actually cross-listed from the History of Science and et portait sur « La crise de l’artisan » à Hamilton au début du XXe of the working day. Now, however, I am much more interested in et moi avons mené en 2005 reflètent comment mes intérêts de Technology group and wasn't included in the regular CHA siècle. Il s’agissait d’une étude sur l’impact des nouveaux systèmes how the arguments about time are constructed – the ideas that recherche se sont éloignés du lieu de travail rémunéré pendant program. Thanks to some last minute posturing, a reasonably technologiques et managériaux sur le métier des travailleurs du were thrown back and forth. Inevitably most of us have been plusieurs années. Mon prochain livre sur la vie de la classe good crowd nonetheless turned up, and, since neither my co- métal et leurs réponses. La séance était répertoriée dans le affected by the so-called “cultural” (or “linguistic”) turn and the ouvrière à Hamilton en Ontario, des années 1890 aux années presenter nor my commentator showed, I had the fullest programme du groupe de l’histoire des sciences et de la role of discourses in the historical process. In contrast to my more 1930, se penche beaucoup plus sur les cultures populaires, les attention I would ever have in making such a conference technologie et n’était pas incluse dans le programme régulier de la reductionist thinking as a graduate student, I am now much now associations ethniques et politiques. Mais il a aussi plusieurs presentation. A much revised version of that paper appeared in SHC. En dépit de quelques manœuvres de dernière minute, une more attuned of the unpredictability of the links between social chapitres sur les relations de travail, que j’estime toujours être un Labour/Le Travailleur two years later. assez bonne foule est néanmoins venu m’écouter et, puisque ni situation and consciousness. That was what led me to a notion of élément central pour comprendre le passé de la classe ouvrière. Et mon coprésentateur, ni mon commentateur se sont présentés, j'ai “working-class realism,” a term intended to suggest the ways in mon nouveau projet sur les luttes dans le temps m’a ramené à l’un CHA. What about your most recent presentation to the CHA? eu le plus d’attention que je pouvais espérer avoir à faire une telle which workers made their own lives within a historically fluid des plus grands points de friction entre travail et capital – la How do these two papers (your first and your most recent) reflect présentation à la réunion annuelle. Une version amplement understanding of both limitations and possibilities. longueur de la journée de travail. Néanmoins, je suis how your own research interests have changed or developed over retravaillée de cette présentation a été publiée dans Labour / Le présentement beaucoup plus intéressé par la façon dont les time? Travail deux ans plus tard. CHA. How has the CHA changed since you joined, in terms of its argumentations au sujet des heures de travail sont édifiées – les membership and its role in the broader historical community? idées que l’on avance et que l’on rejette. Inévitablement, la plupart Craig Heron. The paper I presented at the University of Victoria SHC. À propos de votre plus récente communication à la SHC ? What do you see as the CHA's most important function? What d’entre nous ont été touchés par la tournure dite « culturelle » (ou in 2013 was the eleventh I’ve given at CHA meetings. It looked at De quelle façon ces deux présentations (votre première et la plus direction would you like to see the Association take in the future? « linguistique ») et le rôle des discours dans le processus

22 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 23 historique. Contrairement à ma pensée plus réductionniste had no particular agenda on ascending to the presidential throne, Craig Heron. Je ne crois pas qu’il y ait une personne d'étudiant diplômé, je suis maintenant beaucoup plus à l’écoute but, within weeks, I was drawn into advocacy initiatives. I joined démesurément ambitieuse aspirant à être président(e) de la SHC. de l’imprévisibilité des liens entre la situation sociale et la Eric Sager and others in Ottawa to argue for changes in the census Il faut se faire tordre le bras. Gerry Friesen est celui qui m’a conscience. C’est ce qui m'a amené à une notion de « réalisme de process (to ensure that more people would allow their personal persuadé. J’ai eu le grand avantage d’être vice-président aux côtés la classe ouvrière », un terme qui anime la manière dont les information to be released). Then the CHA had to launch a major de Marg Conrad. Son engagement à titre de présidente de la SHC travailleurs ont vécu dans le cadre d'une compréhension fluide battle with Library and Archives Canada over hours of service, et son jugement toujours solide m’ont inspiré. Lorsque j’ai accédé historique de limites et de possibilités. which soon brought us into the leadership of a coalition of à la présidence, je n’avais d’autres plans que de diversifier et aggrieved groups and eventually compelled LAC to back down. d’augmenter le nombre de membres mais, dans les semaines qui SHC. Comment décrieriez-vous les changements qui se sont Simultaneously, I joined the energetic Committee to Save the suivirent, je me suis impliqué dans plusieurs dossiers. Je me suis produits à la SHC depuis vos tous débuts, en termes de ses United Church Archives, which was less successful. So advocacy joint à Eric Sager et autres intervenants à Ottawa pour plaider en membres et de son rôle dans la communauté historique en of the interests of historians and the broader public became a faveur de changements dans le processus du recensement (pour général ? Que croyez-vous être sa principale fonction? Quelle major part of my work as president. I learned that the CHA could faire en sorte que plus de gens donnent accès à leurs direction aimeriez-vous voir la société suivre dans le futur? play an important leadership role in articulating a highly public renseignements personnels). Par la suite, la SHC a dû lancer une critique of the negative policies of governments and cultural grande bataille pour les heures de service à Bibliothèque et Craig Heron. La SHC que j’ai connu dans les années 1970 était institutions and in rallying allies in campaigns of resistance. The Archives Canada. La SHC a alors pris la direction d’une coalition Craig Heron. The CHA I encountered in the 1970s was vibrant dynamique et ouverte aux nouvelles influences intellectuelles. need for that kind of work has increased considerably since my de groupes lésés qui a finalement contraint BAC à faire marche and open to new intellectual influences. Young scholars were Les jeunes chercheurs arrivaient chaque année avec de nouveaux term ended, as LAC, the Canadian Museum of Civilization, and arrière. En même temps, j’ai également fait partie d’un comité arriving each year with exciting new papers on various aspects of articles passionnants sur divers aspects de l’histoire sociale. other government programs to support history and heritage work énergique pour sauver les archives de l’Église Unie, qui a moins social history. Not everyone was happy about these new ideas in Toutefois, ces nouvelles idées ne faisaient pas l’unanimité sous la have been under heavy attack. The CHA must never hesitate to bien réussi. Donc, la défense des intérêts des historiens et du the House of History, however. The association passed through grande tente de l’Histoire. La société a traversé quelques années take its place on the barricades in these battles. grand public est devenue une partie importante de mon travail en some gloomy years in the 1990s when the first version of the so- sombres dans les années 1990, lorsque la première version des tant que président. J’ai appris que la SHC pouvait jouer un rôle de called “History Wars” prompted some senior historians to pull soi-disant « Guerres d’histoire » a incité certains historiens premier plan dans la formulation d’une critique très publique des out and try to found a new national society more devoted to seniors à quitter la SHC et tenter de fonder une nouvelle société politiques négatives des gouvernements et d’institutions political history (it failed). For several years the CHA’s annual nationale davantage consacrée à l’histoire politique (la tentative “ ... a lot has changed in how I approach the social culturelles et réunir des alliés dans des campagnes de résistance. meetings seemed to be dominated by graduate students. Over the a échoué). Durant plusieurs années, les réunions annuelles de la and cultural history of the working class. Over the Le besoin de ce genre de travail a considérablement augmenté past decade, however, the balance has shifted once again, and SHC ont semblé être dominées par les étudiants aux cycles years I was heavily influenced by feminist and depuis la fin de mon mandat puisque les programmes both junior and well-established scholars struggle to get onto the supérieurs. Toutefois, les choses ont évolué au cours de la gouvernementaux appuyant la recherche historique et le program. For several years, in fact, the rejection rate for papers dernière décennie et la donne a encore une fois changé. Les anti-racist scholars whose work forced many of us patrimoine à BAC et au Musée canadien des civilisations font has run around 30 per cent – and that is with three or four papers propositions de communication de jeunes chercheurs aussi bien working with class as our primary category of l’objet de compressions budgétaires importantes. La SHC ne doit to a session and eight or nine sessions running simultaneously. que celles de chercheurs bien établis ne sont pas toujours analysis to recognize the simultaneous identities jamais hésiter à prendre sa place sur les barricades dans ces The committees on specific themes (women, labour, the acceptées. En effet, le taux de rejet des propositions tourne batailles. environment, children and youth, aboriginal peoples, the autour de 30 pour cent depuis plusieurs années – et ce avec trois that gender and race brought into play.” military, politics and the state, and so on) have multiplied in ou quatre communications par séance et huit ou neuf séances number and grown in size. Wehave had some success in bringing concurrentes. Les comités sur des thèmes spécifiques (les in scholars from non-Canadian fields (though that has proven to femmes, le travail, l’environnement, les enfants et la jeunesse, les be more difficult than I once hoped). As an intellectual forum for peuples autochtones, les militaires, la politique et l’Etat, etc.) se our profession, the annual meeting is a now a truly remarkable sont multipliés en nombre et accru en envergure. Nous avons eu event, which, I’ve noticed, brings people back year after year. un certain succès en faisant venir des spécialistes de domaines Among our sister societies at the Congress, we are a model. autres que canadiens (bien que cela se soit avéré plus difficile que je ne l’aurais espéré). En tant que forum intellectuel de notre Assembly line at Colgate- Of course, we carry our annual discussion into print and online in profession, la réunion annuelle est maintenant un événement Palmolive,1919 (insert) Russell Motor theJournal , and, after the long success of the small pamphlet tout à fait exceptionnel. Je remarque également que les membres Car Company workers, 1917 series, we’ve launched a series of books. And we honour many reviennent année après année. Parmi nos sociétés sœurs au Chaîne de montage à Colgate- members each year with a shower of awards for their congrès, nous sommes un exemple à suivre. Palmolive, 1919 (encart) Employé(e)s publications. These are all marks of real intellectual vibrancy. de la Russell Motor Car Company, 1917 Bien sûr, nous publions notre discussion annuelle en format CHA. You served as Vice-President of the CHA in 2006-2007 and imprimé et numérique dans laRevue et après le long succès de la as President from 2008 to 2009. What was that like? What série de brochures historiques, nous avons lancé une série de motivated you to serve on the executive? What advice might you courts ouvrages. Et nous honorons de nombreux membres have for the current executive? chaque année avec une multitude de prix pour leurs publications. Ce sont toutes des marques d’un dynamisme Craig Heron. I doubt anyone has a burning ambition to be intellectuel tangible. president of the CHA. We need our arms twisted. Gerry Friesen did that for me. I had the great advantage of serving my vice- SHC.Vous avez été vice-président (2006-2007) et président de la presidency alongside Marg Conrad, whose commitment as CHA SHC de 2008 à 2009. Quelle a été votre expérience ? Quelle était president was inspiring and whose judgment was invariably votre motivation de siéger sur l’exécutif ? Quels conseils sound. Beyond trying to expand and diversify our membership, I donneriez-vous à l’exécutif actuel?

24 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 25 historique. Contrairement à ma pensée plus réductionniste had no particular agenda on ascending to the presidential throne, Craig Heron. Je ne crois pas qu’il y ait une personne d'étudiant diplômé, je suis maintenant beaucoup plus à l’écoute but, within weeks, I was drawn into advocacy initiatives. I joined démesurément ambitieuse aspirant à être président(e) de la SHC. de l’imprévisibilité des liens entre la situation sociale et la Eric Sager and others in Ottawa to argue for changes in the census Il faut se faire tordre le bras. Gerry Friesen est celui qui m’a conscience. C’est ce qui m'a amené à une notion de « réalisme de process (to ensure that more people would allow their personal persuadé. J’ai eu le grand avantage d’être vice-président aux côtés la classe ouvrière », un terme qui anime la manière dont les information to be released). Then the CHA had to launch a major de Marg Conrad. Son engagement à titre de présidente de la SHC travailleurs ont vécu dans le cadre d'une compréhension fluide battle with Library and Archives Canada over hours of service, et son jugement toujours solide m’ont inspiré. Lorsque j’ai accédé historique de limites et de possibilités. which soon brought us into the leadership of a coalition of à la présidence, je n’avais d’autres plans que de diversifier et aggrieved groups and eventually compelled LAC to back down. d’augmenter le nombre de membres mais, dans les semaines qui SHC. Comment décrieriez-vous les changements qui se sont Simultaneously, I joined the energetic Committee to Save the suivirent, je me suis impliqué dans plusieurs dossiers. Je me suis produits à la SHC depuis vos tous débuts, en termes de ses United Church Archives, which was less successful. So advocacy joint à Eric Sager et autres intervenants à Ottawa pour plaider en membres et de son rôle dans la communauté historique en of the interests of historians and the broader public became a faveur de changements dans le processus du recensement (pour général ? Que croyez-vous être sa principale fonction? Quelle major part of my work as president. I learned that the CHA could faire en sorte que plus de gens donnent accès à leurs direction aimeriez-vous voir la société suivre dans le futur? play an important leadership role in articulating a highly public renseignements personnels). Par la suite, la SHC a dû lancer une critique of the negative policies of governments and cultural grande bataille pour les heures de service à Bibliothèque et Craig Heron. La SHC que j’ai connu dans les années 1970 était institutions and in rallying allies in campaigns of resistance. The Archives Canada. La SHC a alors pris la direction d’une coalition Craig Heron. The CHA I encountered in the 1970s was vibrant dynamique et ouverte aux nouvelles influences intellectuelles. need for that kind of work has increased considerably since my de groupes lésés qui a finalement contraint BAC à faire marche and open to new intellectual influences. Young scholars were Les jeunes chercheurs arrivaient chaque année avec de nouveaux term ended, as LAC, the Canadian Museum of Civilization, and arrière. En même temps, j’ai également fait partie d’un comité arriving each year with exciting new papers on various aspects of articles passionnants sur divers aspects de l’histoire sociale. other government programs to support history and heritage work énergique pour sauver les archives de l’Église Unie, qui a moins social history. Not everyone was happy about these new ideas in Toutefois, ces nouvelles idées ne faisaient pas l’unanimité sous la have been under heavy attack. The CHA must never hesitate to bien réussi. Donc, la défense des intérêts des historiens et du the House of History, however. The association passed through grande tente de l’Histoire. La société a traversé quelques années take its place on the barricades in these battles. grand public est devenue une partie importante de mon travail en some gloomy years in the 1990s when the first version of the so- sombres dans les années 1990, lorsque la première version des tant que président. J’ai appris que la SHC pouvait jouer un rôle de called “History Wars” prompted some senior historians to pull soi-disant « Guerres d’histoire » a incité certains historiens premier plan dans la formulation d’une critique très publique des out and try to found a new national society more devoted to seniors à quitter la SHC et tenter de fonder une nouvelle société politiques négatives des gouvernements et d’institutions political history (it failed). For several years the CHA’s annual nationale davantage consacrée à l’histoire politique (la tentative “ ... a lot has changed in how I approach the social culturelles et réunir des alliés dans des campagnes de résistance. meetings seemed to be dominated by graduate students. Over the a échoué). Durant plusieurs années, les réunions annuelles de la and cultural history of the working class. Over the Le besoin de ce genre de travail a considérablement augmenté past decade, however, the balance has shifted once again, and SHC ont semblé être dominées par les étudiants aux cycles years I was heavily influenced by feminist and depuis la fin de mon mandat puisque les programmes both junior and well-established scholars struggle to get onto the supérieurs. Toutefois, les choses ont évolué au cours de la gouvernementaux appuyant la recherche historique et le program. For several years, in fact, the rejection rate for papers dernière décennie et la donne a encore une fois changé. Les anti-racist scholars whose work forced many of us patrimoine à BAC et au Musée canadien des civilisations font has run around 30 per cent – and that is with three or four papers propositions de communication de jeunes chercheurs aussi bien working with class as our primary category of l’objet de compressions budgétaires importantes. La SHC ne doit to a session and eight or nine sessions running simultaneously. que celles de chercheurs bien établis ne sont pas toujours analysis to recognize the simultaneous identities jamais hésiter à prendre sa place sur les barricades dans ces The committees on specific themes (women, labour, the acceptées. En effet, le taux de rejet des propositions tourne batailles. environment, children and youth, aboriginal peoples, the autour de 30 pour cent depuis plusieurs années – et ce avec trois that gender and race brought into play.” military, politics and the state, and so on) have multiplied in ou quatre communications par séance et huit ou neuf séances number and grown in size. Wehave had some success in bringing concurrentes. Les comités sur des thèmes spécifiques (les in scholars from non-Canadian fields (though that has proven to femmes, le travail, l’environnement, les enfants et la jeunesse, les be more difficult than I once hoped). As an intellectual forum for peuples autochtones, les militaires, la politique et l’Etat, etc.) se our profession, the annual meeting is a now a truly remarkable sont multipliés en nombre et accru en envergure. Nous avons eu event, which, I’ve noticed, brings people back year after year. un certain succès en faisant venir des spécialistes de domaines Among our sister societies at the Congress, we are a model. autres que canadiens (bien que cela se soit avéré plus difficile que je ne l’aurais espéré). En tant que forum intellectuel de notre Assembly line at Colgate- Of course, we carry our annual discussion into print and online in profession, la réunion annuelle est maintenant un événement Palmolive,1919 (insert) Russell Motor theJournal , and, after the long success of the small pamphlet tout à fait exceptionnel. Je remarque également que les membres Car Company workers, 1917 series, we’ve launched a series of books. And we honour many reviennent année après année. Parmi nos sociétés sœurs au Chaîne de montage à Colgate- members each year with a shower of awards for their congrès, nous sommes un exemple à suivre. Palmolive, 1919 (encart) Employé(e)s publications. These are all marks of real intellectual vibrancy. de la Russell Motor Car Company, 1917 Bien sûr, nous publions notre discussion annuelle en format CHA. You served as Vice-President of the CHA in 2006-2007 and imprimé et numérique dans laRevue et après le long succès de la as President from 2008 to 2009. What was that like? What série de brochures historiques, nous avons lancé une série de motivated you to serve on the executive? What advice might you courts ouvrages. Et nous honorons de nombreux membres have for the current executive? chaque année avec une multitude de prix pour leurs publications. Ce sont toutes des marques d’un dynamisme Craig Heron. I doubt anyone has a burning ambition to be intellectuel tangible. president of the CHA. We need our arms twisted. Gerry Friesen did that for me. I had the great advantage of serving my vice- SHC.Vous avez été vice-président (2006-2007) et président de la presidency alongside Marg Conrad, whose commitment as CHA SHC de 2008 à 2009. Quelle a été votre expérience ? Quelle était president was inspiring and whose judgment was invariably votre motivation de siéger sur l’exécutif ? Quels conseils sound. Beyond trying to expand and diversify our membership, I donneriez-vous à l’exécutif actuel?

24 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 25 In working on these various campaigns, I became deeply En œuvrant de la cadre de ces différentes campagnes, je suis frustrated at how our ambitious range of activities had expanded devenu très frustré car notre ambitieux programme d’activités beyond our organizational capacities. So I undertook to win the avait outrepassé nos capacités organisationnelles. J’ai donc Council and the membership over to a hefty fee increase that entrepris de convaincre le conseil d’administration et les would allow us to hire an Executive Director and rent a more membres d’accepter une augmentation de frais d’adhésion substantial office. We were so lucky to find Michel Duquet to fill substantielle qui nous permettrait d’embaucher un directeur that role. He has turned our national office into a far more général et de louer un bureau plus adéquat. Nous avons été professional operation. CHA members have to be willing to chanceux de trouver Michel Duquet pour remplir ce rôle. Il a continue to support that kind of infrastructure. transformé notre bureau national en une gestion beaucoup plus professionnelle. Les membres de la SHC doivent être disposés à I also thought that members should feel that being part of the maintenir ce genre d’infrastructure. CHA was fun. We are a widely scattered community that should nourish camaraderie as well as intellectual debate. So one of my Je croyais également que de faire partie de la SHC devait était lasting legacies has been Clio Paloosa, where people who have plaisant pour les membres. Nous sommes une communauté très been discussing the finer points of post-colonial theory in the dispersée qui se doit d’encourager une camaraderie en plus des afternoon can dance together in the evening. I hope they keep on débats intellectuels. Ainsi, je suis très fier que mon initiative Clio dancing for years to come. Paloosa persiste toujours. Elle permet aux individus qui ont discuté des points les plus subtils de la théorie postcoloniale dans CHA. What would you say to someone who is contemplating l'après-midi de danser ensemble dans la soirée. J’espère qu’ils joining the CHA? continueront à danser pour des années à venir.

Craig Heron. The CHA is a place where new members can find SHC. Que diriez-vous à quelqu'un qui envisage d’adhérer à la fascinating forums of discussion, where cutting-edge scholarship SHC ? is presented, where ideas from international debates in theory and historiography resonate, and where new scholars can expect La SHC est un endroit où les nouveaux membres peuvent to find eager audiences for their own work. And the dances are découvrir des forums de discussions fascinantes où la recherche great. de pointe est présentée, où les idées issues des débats internationaux sur la théorie et l’historiographie font écho et où CHA. What do you think is in store for historians working in les nouveaux chercheurs peuvent s’attendre à trouver un public Canada in the future? avide de leur travail de recherche. Et les danses sont fantastiques.

Craig Heron. You’ve saved the hardest question for last. The SHC. Selon vous, quel sera le sort des futurs historiens travaillant profession of history is alive and well as an intellectual project, but au Canada ? the opportunities to be a full-time historian are becoming more constrained. It is worth remembering that universities and Craig Heron. Vous me posez la question la plus difficile pour colleges have never offered enough new positions to absorb all terminer. Faire profession d’historien est toujours viable en the eager PhDs who graduate each year, but it seems that chances termes de projet intellectuel, mais les chances d’être un historien à in the academic labour market are even less certain. We have to plein temps sont de plus en plus restreintes. Il convient de look at chronic underfunding of post-secondary education, rappeler que les universités et les collèges n’ont jamais offert which is forcing budget cuts on these institutions across the suffisamment de nouvelles positions pour absorber tous les country. But we also have to worry about the marginalization of titulaires de doctorat avides qui obtiennent leur diplôme chaque the humanities and social sciences in the rush to make the BA a année, mais il semble que les opportunités sur le marché du glorified trade certificate. Students seem to be voting with their travail universitaire soient encore moins favorables. Nous devons feet and by-passing history departments. regarder du côté du sous-financement chronique de l’éducation post-secondaire, ce qui force les compressions budgétaires de ces That said, there has never been a time when historical établissements à travers le pays. Mais nous avons aussi à nous perspectives on social issues and public policy have been more soucier de la marginalisation des sciences humaines et sociales necessary. I still urge students with a good mind and a keen dans l’empressement de vouloir faire d’un BA un certificat de interest in the past to consider doing a PhD in history. It is an métier. Les étudiants semblent voter avec leurs pieds et ignorent immensely rewarding life. les départements d’histoire.

Ceci dit, il n’y a jamais eu un moment où les perspectives historiques sur les questions sociales et les politiques publiques ont été plus indispensables. J’exhorte encore les étudiants ayant une belle intelligence et un vif intérêt pour le passé d’envisager faire un doctorat en histoire. C’est une vie très enrichissante.

26 Société historique du Canada Graduate Students The colloquium or Thesis Proposal Étudiants aux cycles supérieurs Le colloque ou proposition de thèse

As a second installment of a series of articles focusing on Comme second article portant sur les expériences des étudiants questions related to graduate students’ experiences, the first diplômés, nous examinons maintenant une étape particulièrement having been an examination of students’ awareness of their importante dans les études supérieures, le colloque ou proposition program requirements, we now look at one particularly de thèse, et nous discutons de certaines stratégies d’écriture de important step in graduate studies, the colloquium or thesis thèse des étudiants. En rappel, ces articles sont basés sur un sondage proposal, and we discuss students’ thesis writing strategies. As a envoyé aux étudiants diplômés à travers le Canada, ainsi que sur les reminder, these articles are based on a survey sent to graduate sites Web des départements d'histoire et les guides pour étudiants students across Canada, as well as history department websites développés par les départements. and student handbooks. La longueur requise de la proposition varie beaucoup : les étudiants There is great variation as to the required length of the proposal. ont rapporté l’écriture d'un document se situant entre 4-10 pages Indeed, students have reported writing a document that ranged jusqu’à 60-80 pages. Cette information n’était pas disponible sur de anywhere between 4-10 pages to 60-80 pages. I found that this nombreux sites départementaux, et bien que cela laisse beaucoup information was not readily available on many departmental de marge de manœuvre pour les étudiants et les superviseurs à websites; while this leaves much leeway for students and décider d’une longueur appropriée en fonction du sujet de thèse, les supervisors to decide upon an appropriate length depending on étudiants semblent un peu confus par le manque de précision. Un the thesis topic, it seems to leave students a little confused. One étudiant a déclaré que « Le mien comptait 10 pages, mais les attentes student reported that “Mine was 10 pages, but expectations really sont très variées et certains étudiants n’ont même pas à l’écrire. » Un varied and some students didn't even do them.” Another autre mentionne que « Même les superviseurs ne semblent pas savoir commented that “Even the supervisors did not seem to know what ce qui est attendu des étudiants. » Toutefois, les étudiants étaient was expected of students.” However, students were generally well généralement bien au courant de ce qu’on devait retrouver dans ce aware of what was expected in that document: short document. historiography, preliminary hypothesis, outline/chapter structure, partial bibliography. Lorsqu’interrogés sur les difficultés vécues, les étudiants ont le plus souvent mentionné des retards inattendus dans la présentation de When asked about the difficulties they experienced, students la proposition: « Certaines personnes prennent des années à la have most often referred to unexpected delays in submitting the compléter… le manque de clarté quant à ce qui est requis et la qualité proposal: “Some people take years to complete it. It should never du document fait que certains étudiants font beaucoup plus de travail take that long, but the lack of clarity about what's required and how que d’autres. » ‘good’ it has to be means that some students do much more work than others.” Une étudiante a bien résumé pourquoi certains étudiants peuvent avoir du mal à écrire ce document, indiquant que : One student summarized quite well why some students may have trouble writing that document, stating that: Tout le monde a la même histoire: Nous passons notre première année enveloppés dans les travaux de cours, puis nous préparons nos Everyone has the same story: Wespend our first year wrapped up in examens de doctorat (comps) pendant les mois d'été. À l’automne, course work, then preparing for and doing our field exams (comps) nous sommes pris avec des demandes de fonds, ce qui nous laisse during the summer months. In the fall, we’re strapped down with seulement 6-8 semaines pour rédiger et défendre la proposition. C’est external funding proposals, leaving only about 6-8 weeks to write difficile car, en général, on nous donne un total de 12 semaines pour and defend the proposal. It’s harrowing since in general, we’re given réellement « penser » pour la première fois à nos thèses depuis a total of 12 weeks to actually ‘think’ for the first time about our l'écriture de nos demandes d’admission, concentrés que nous sommes theses since writing our grad school applications having been pendant si longtemps sur des cours et les examens. engaged in course work and comps for so long. Parmi les conseils prodigués, beaucoup d’étudiants ont mentionné When asked what kind of advice they would give to students de s’attendre à que les choses changent. Un étudiant a conseillé: about this step, what came back most often was to expect things « Sachez que votre sujet sera susceptible de changer, mais une to change, both before and after the proposal. One student proposition solide vous aidera lorsque vous effectuerez vos advised: “Be aware that your topic will likely change, but having a recherches. » Un autre conseille de faire une recherche importante solid proposal grounds you when you are conducting research.”A avant la proposition : close second was to be well prepared. One stated that students should plan on doing significant research work prior to the Les propositions qui ont le mieux réussi ont été celles écrites après proposal: qu’une partie importante de la recherche ait été effectuée. Je conseille

Canadian Historical Association 27 History on the The proposals that have been the most successful have, in my aux étudiants, si possible, de retarder la proposition jusqu'à ce qu’ils Web / L’Histoire Exploring History on the Web experiences, been the ones that were written after a significant aient fait une bonne recherche, car ils auront une proposition plus sur la toile chunk of the research was completed. I would advise students to, if solide et gagneront du temps dans le long terme. Through the Programming Historian possible, delay the proposal until they had done research as they will have a stronger proposal and save time in the long run. Quant à l’écriture de la thèse même, le processus varie considérablement d’un étudiant à l'autre. L’un d’'entre eux a dit As for the writing of the dissertation itself, the process varies qu'il «a présenté tout à la fois » après avoir obtenu l'approbation considerably from one student to the next. One says he préalable de la structure. Un autre a dit qu’elle a écrit et envoyé de By Ian Milligan, University of Waterloo “submitted everything at once ” after getting prior approval on the petites portions ici et là à son superviseur. Une autre approche structure. Another said she wrote small portions and sent those plus structurée était de s’entendre sur les grandes lignes et de fixer Have you ever sat at your computer, looking at a long over to her supervisor. Another more structured approach was to des échéances régulières pour la complétion de chacun des list of records held at a place like Library and Archives agree on an outline and setting regular deadlines for chapter chapitres. Canada, the British Library, or the Library of completion. Congress, right-clicking and downloading each Les étudiants ont donné quelques conseils utiles pour l’écriture record by painstaking record? Or have you ever had a de la thèse. Un étudiant se force à écrire chaque jour, même si ce fascinating collection of primary documents that you Everyone has the same story: We spend our first n’est pas nécessairement la thèse elle-même : « Ce peut être la would love to make a digital exhibit of, but don’t know rédaction du chapitre, mais à des stades antérieurs, ce pouvait être where to start? What about a massive array of text year wrapped up in course work, then preparing des ‘notes personnelles’ dans mon journal pour m’aider à analyser documents, downloaded from an archive or digitized for and doing our field exams (comps) during the mes recherches. » Une autre se donne des délais stricts, en « by a graduate student, that is so big that you put it off summer months. In the fall, we’re strapped down alignant ses chapitres de thèse avec des présentations à des for, well, ever, due to its sheer size? Well, there are tools conférences afin que je puisse avoir des échéances concrètes qui me for that. with external funding proposals, leaving only permettront également d’obtenir de la rétroaction. » D’autres about 6-8 weeks to write and defend the proposal. encore fonctionnent avec des périodes intenses d’écriture. En E n t e r t h eProgramming Historian 2 a t It’s harrowing ... tous les cas, la plupart des étudiants sont d’accord qu’il est http://programminghistorian.org/ (full disclosure: I am important d’écrire régulièrement et de ne pas utiliser la « an editor-at-large of the project). In this column, I want recherche » comme excuse pour retarder le processus d’écriture. to introduce it to you: what it offers to you as a researcher, as a teacher, or as a practicing historian in several other Students gave some helpful tips with regards to writing strategies. dimensions. One student forces himself to write every day, even if not necessarily the thesis itself. As he states, “This might be actual Tout le monde a la même histoire: Nous passons In short, theProgramming Historian 2 has a simple goal: to chapter drafting, but at earlier stages it might be ‘notes to self’ in my notre première année enveloppés dans les travaux teach the basics of programming, drawing on historical Omeka academic journal to help process what I'm finding in my research.” de cours, puis nous préparons nos examens de examples and with an emphasis on bringing you up to speed Another gives herself strict deadlines, by “aligning my thesis quickly and practically. It is not a computer science course: it is Putting history online has never been easier with the rise of chapters with conference presentations so that I can have doctorat (comps) pendant les mois d'été. À instead a series of hands-on examples, focused on the what and Content Management Systems, or CMSes, like Wordpress, concrete deadlines which will also provide me with audience l’automne, nous sommes pris avec des demandes how rather than the underlying architecture that drives Drupal, and Omeka. The latter is specifically built by George feedback.” Others do what they call “binge-writing. ” In any case, de fonds, ce qui nous laisse seulement 6-8 programming languages. It’s also a challenge to conventional Mason University’s Centre for History and New Media (CHNM) most students agree that it is important to write regularly and not forms of publishing, being a “community-driven collaborative and is designed to create beautiful exhibits with comprehensive to use ‘research’as an excuse to delay the writing process. semaines pour rédiger et défendre la proposition. textbook,” soliciting submissions, constantly refining, and information about each document or collection. If you want to C’est difficile ... inviting comments at all stages. show off items, tell stories, and make sure that each object has While we all go through similar steps and milestones during our enough information that somebody could cite it properly; this is graduate studies, there is considerable differences in how we TheProgramming Historian 2 uses all open-source software: the the tool for you. experience this grueling but rewarding process. The last segment Python programming language, the Komodo Edit editing of this research, which will be featured in the next CHA Bulletin, Il existe des différences considérables dans la façon dont nous environment, the Omeka digital exhibit platform, or the With theProgramming Historian , there are a set of lessons in will look at one crucial step on the road to a Ph.D., the faisons l’expérience de ce processus épuisant mais enrichissant MAchine Learning for LanguagE Toolkit (MALLET). Defining getting up and running with Omeka. It takes you through the comprehensive examinations. According to many students, both que sont les études supérieures. Le dernier segment se penchera open source can be tricky, as there are competing interests, but basic building blocks of what an item is, how to arrange them in the thesis proposal presentation and to some extent the defence sur une étape cruciale sur la voie d’un doctorat, les examens de essentially to speak of “open source software” means adhering to collections, and how to take your visitors through stories that itself, have proven to be less stressful, and more straightforward doctorat. Selon de nombreux étudiants, la présentation de la the definition laid out by the “Open Source Definition” arise out of those items. Crucially, it’s all built upon Dublin Core, than the comprehensive exams. Hence a look at student strategies proposition de thèse et dans une certaine mesure la défense (http://opensource.org/osd). In short, open source software a standardized set of metadata that makes sure items across for this particular requirement should be useful for those who même, se sont avérées être moins stressantes et plus simple que les requires free redistribution, the source code, allowing derived different platforms are described similarly: that dates are written have not yet completed it. examens de doctorat. Ainsi, un regard sur les stratégies des works (modifications to the program), keeping the integrity of in the correct fashion, or that units of measurement are employed étudiants pour compléter cette exigence particulière devrait être the authors' source code, no discrimination, and general licenses properly. Julie Perrone utile pour ceux qui n'ont pas encore passé cette étape. with a few other restrictions. The implications for historians student representative include that it’s all free (!), with obvious benefits in an era of Again, it’s all free. On Omeka.net, you can have a fairly limited, Julie Perrone diminishing budgets and austerity. Second, that source code can small website for free with some fees for more space, or you can représentante étudiante all be continually improved, and third, it means that historians download the software and run your own server for Omeka.com. can learn to participate, make suggestions, and give back to the If you work at a university, chances are that your IT department open-source community as they learn to code. can set up the server for you.

28 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 29 History on the The proposals that have been the most successful have, in my aux étudiants, si possible, de retarder la proposition jusqu'à ce qu’ils Web / L’Histoire Exploring History on the Web experiences, been the ones that were written after a significant aient fait une bonne recherche, car ils auront une proposition plus sur la toile chunk of the research was completed. I would advise students to, if solide et gagneront du temps dans le long terme. Through the Programming Historian possible, delay the proposal until they had done research as they will have a stronger proposal and save time in the long run. Quant à l’écriture de la thèse même, le processus varie considérablement d’un étudiant à l'autre. L’un d’'entre eux a dit As for the writing of the dissertation itself, the process varies qu'il «a présenté tout à la fois » après avoir obtenu l'approbation considerably from one student to the next. One says he préalable de la structure. Un autre a dit qu’elle a écrit et envoyé de By Ian Milligan, University of Waterloo “”submitted everything at once after getting prior approval on the petites portions ici et là à son superviseur. Une autre approche structure. Another said she wrote small portions and sent those plus structurée était de s’entendre sur les grandes lignes et de fixer Have you ever sat at your computer, looking at a long over to her supervisor. Another more structured approach was to des échéances régulières pour la complétion de chacun des list of records held at a place like Library and Archives agree on an outline and setting regular deadlines for chapter chapitres. Canada, the British Library, or the Library of completion. Congress, right-clicking and downloading each Les étudiants ont donné quelques conseils utiles pour l’écriture record by painstaking record? Or have you ever had a de la thèse. Un étudiant se force à écrire chaque jour, même si ce fascinating collection of primary documents that you Everyone has the same story: We spend our first n’est pas nécessairement la thèse elle-même : « Ce peut être la would love to make a digital exhibit of, but don’t know rédaction du chapitre, mais à des stades antérieurs, ce pouvait être where to start? What about a massive array of text year wrapped up in course work, then preparing des ‘notes personnelles’ dans mon journal pour m’aider à analyser documents, downloaded from an archive or digitized for and doing our field exams (comps) during the mes recherches. » Une autre se donne des délais stricts, en « by a graduate student, that is so big that you put it off summer months. In the fall, we’re strapped down alignant ses chapitres de thèse avec des présentations à des for, well, ever, due to its sheer size? Well, there are tools conférences afin que je puisse avoir des échéances concrètes qui me for that. with external funding proposals, leaving only permettront également d’obtenir de la rétroaction. »D’autres about 6-8 weeks to write and defend the proposal. encore fonctionnent avec des périodes intenses d’écriture. En E n t e r t h eProgramming Historian 2 a t It’s harrowing ... tous les cas, la plupart des étudiants sont d’accord qu’il est http://programminghistorian.org/ (full disclosure: I am important d’écrire régulièrement et de ne pas utiliser la « an editor-at-large of the project). In this column, I want recherche » comme excuse pour retarder le processus d’écriture. to introduce it to you: what it offers to you as a researcher, as a teacher, or as a practicing historian in several other Students gave some helpful tips with regards to writing strategies. dimensions. One student forces himself to write every day, even if not necessarily the thesis itself. As he states, “This might be actual Tout le monde a la même histoire: Nous passons In short, theProgramming Historian 2 has a simple goal: to chapter drafting, but at earlier stages it might be ‘notes to self’ in my notre première année enveloppés dans les travaux teach the basics of programming, drawing on historical Omeka academic journal to help process what I'm finding in my research.” de cours, puis nous préparons nos examens de examples and with an emphasis on bringing you up to speed Another gives herself strict deadlines, by “aligning my thesis quickly and practically. It is not a computer science course: it is Putting history online has never been easier with the rise of chapters with conference presentations so that I can have doctorat (comps) pendant les mois d'été. À instead a series of hands-on examples, focused on the what and Content Management Systems, or CMSes, like Wordpress, concrete deadlines which will also provide me with audience l’automne, nous sommes pris avec des demandes how rather than the underlying architecture that drives Drupal, and Omeka. The latter is specifically built by George feedback.” Others do what they call “”binge-writing. In any case, de fonds, ce qui nous laisse seulement 6-8 programming languages. It’s also a challenge to conventional Mason University’s Centre for History and New Media (CHNM) most students agree that it is important to write regularly and not forms of publishing, being a “community-driven collaborative and is designed to create beautiful exhibits with comprehensive to use ‘research’ as an excuse to delay the writing process. semaines pour rédiger et défendre la proposition. textbook,” soliciting submissions, constantly refining, and information about each document or collection. If you want to C’est difficile ... inviting comments at all stages. show off items, tell stories, and make sure that each object has While we all go through similar steps and milestones during our enough information that somebody could cite it properly; this is graduate studies, there is considerable differences in how we TheProgramming Historian 2 uses all open-source software: the the tool for you. experience this grueling but rewarding process. The last segment Python programming language, the Komodo Edit editing of this research, which will be featured in the next CHA Bulletin, Il existe des différences considérables dans la façon dont nous environment, the Omeka digital exhibit platform, or the With theProgramming Historian , there are a set of lessons in will look at one crucial step on the road to a Ph.D., the faisons l’expérience de ce processus épuisant mais enrichissant MAchine Learning for LanguagE Toolkit (MALLET). Defining getting up and running with Omeka. It takes you through the comprehensive examinations. According to many students, both que sont les études supérieures. Le dernier segment se penchera open source can be tricky, as there are competing interests, but basic building blocks of what an item is, how to arrange them in the thesis proposal presentation and to some extent the defence sur une étape cruciale sur la voie d’un doctorat, les examens de essentially to speak of “open source software” means adhering to collections, and how to take your visitors through stories that itself, have proven to be less stressful, and more straightforward doctorat. Selon de nombreux étudiants, la présentation de la the definition laid out by the “Open Source Definition” arise out of those items. Crucially, it’s all built upon Dublin Core, than the comprehensive exams. Hence a look at student strategies proposition de thèse et dans une certaine mesure la défense (http://opensource.org/osd). In short, open source software a standardized set of metadata that makes sure items across for this particular requirement should be useful for those who même, se sont avérées être moins stressantes et plus simple que les requires free redistribution, the source code, allowing derived different platforms are described similarly: that dates are written have not yet completed it. examens de doctorat. Ainsi, un regard sur les stratégies des works (modifications to the program), keeping the integrity of in the correct fashion, or that units of measurement are employed étudiants pour compléter cette exigence particulière devrait être the authors' source code, no discrimination, and general licenses properly. Julie Perrone utile pour ceux qui n'ont pas encore passé cette étape. with a few other restrictions. The implications for historians student representative include that it’s all free (!), with obvious benefits in an era of Again, it’s all free. On Omeka.net, you can have a fairly limited, Julie Perrone diminishing budgets and austerity. Second, that source code can small website for free with some fees for more space, or you can représentante étudiante all be continually improved, and third, it means that historians download the software and run your own server for Omeka.com. can learn to participate, make suggestions, and give back to the If you work at a university, chances are that your IT department open-source community as they learn to code. can set up the server for you.

28 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 29 CHA Advocacy Update / Mise à jour sur les Interventions Initiatives de l'été 2013 auprès de publiques de la SHC For some great samples of Omeka in action and some Historian helps to demystify it. And there's something to be said Bibliothèque et Archives Canada installations to inspire you, check out: about a process that gives you immediate feedback - your program works or crashes! - as opposed to the long cycles of OMEKA Lessons: http://programminghistorian.org/ feedback our students are used to. La SHC est intervenue à de nombreuses reprises pour faire valoir tierce parties. Il reste donc 400 million de pages pour numériser le lessons/up-and-running-with-omeka les revendications de ses membres et de la communauté de 10% de la collection de BAC qui est utilisée le plus souvent par 70% Portuguese Canadian History Project: So what did we do? chercheurs en général auprès de la direction de BAC suite aux de ses usagers. C’est à dire qu’en numérisant en moyenne un total http://archives.library.yorku.ca/exhibits/show/pchp réformes des cinq dernières années, qui compromettent la de 1.7 million de pages par an, qui est le rythme présentement, la Hurricane Digital Memory Bank: Installed an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) so pratique historique – entres autres, la réduction des services « modernisation » de 10% de la collection de BAC ne profiterait http://hurricanearchive.org/ students could quickly write code and execute it on their offerts aux chercheurs à 395, rue Wellington; l’annulation du qu’à nos descendants bien lointains. Le désir d’augmenter la computers; starting with the simpleprint ‘hello world’ to get programme de prêt entre bibliothèques (PEB); et le processus des numérisation de cette importante partie de leur collection est la the traditional ‘hello world’ greeting. activités de numérisation. Cependant, nos requêtes et nos principale raison des accords que BAC a conclu avec des tierces Learned to create text files using computer programs, recommandations sont longtemps restées lettre morte. Le parties – en particulier Canadiana et Ancestry.com. Grâce à ces Programming Historian 2 is not a computer combining ever-increasing complex strings. dialogue semble davantage possible depuis le départ de Daniel accords, pas moins de 40 à 50 millions de pages seront numérisées science course: it is instead a series of hands-on Opened up webpages with a programming language, Caron au mois de mai dernier. Le Directeur intérimaire, Hervé chaque année, ce qui veut dire que la numérisation de la collection examples, focused on the what and how rather downloading copies ofOld Bailey Online transcripts by Déry nous a signifié lors d’une première téléconférence (5 juillet qui est consultée par 70% des usagers de BAC sera complétée d’ici writing a few lines of code; 2013), vouloir reprendre le dialogue avec la communauté des 10 à 12 ans. than the underlying architecture that drives Counted words that appear in court transcripts chercheurs. Grâce à vos nombreux témoignages sur l’impact de programming languages. It’s also a challenge to Normalized data so that all information would appear in l’élimination du PEB (plus de cinquante), nous étions bien conventional forms of publishing, being a lower case, with punctuation cleaned up, outillés pour leur démontrer de façon concrète comment Si nos rencontres avec BAC ne se sont pas soldées par Created beautiful visualizations showing how terms appeared l’annulation du programme avait sérieusement compromis vos des décisions majeures ou des engagements concrets, “community-driven collaborative textbook,” in various contexts within court transcripts, getting a sense of efforts de recherche lors d’une deuxième rencontre (16 soliciting submissions, constantly refining, and the past without reading the documents themselves. septembre) avec Monsieur Fabien Lengellé, Directeur général de il reste que les portes demeurent ouvertes. Nous avons inviting comments at all stages. l’accès au contenu. Nous lui avons fait part de vos trois principales déjà planifié une autre rencontre durant laquelle For more on what you can do with programming, see: critiques à savoir : nous discuterons de la politique d’Acquisition de Python lessons: http://programminghistorian.org/contents Invisible Australians (the author started with the PH): 1. l’accès à l’information est compromis; BAC basée sur une « Approche pan-sociétale ». Python http://invisibleaustralians.org/faces/ 2. la qualité et la nature même de notre travail en souffre de façon inquiétante, et ; “Programming? But we’re not in Comp Sci?!” Other Topics 3. il n'existe aucune alternative qui puisse remplacer les M. Lengellé a aussi précisé que BAC était à produire des normes ressources uniques de BAC et la qualité des services offerts par de numérisation en collaboration avec, entre autres, des That was basically the reaction of a classroom of University of That’s not all! There are lessons on the Zotero API, which shows le programme du PEB. bibliothèques américaines et françaises qui devraient être Waterloo undergrad students in Winter 2013 as I told them what users how to combine their knowledge of Python with the open- publiées sous peu. Nous avons demandé que le site web de BAC we'd be doing over the next two weeks. As I told them then, I source reference database Zotero. In addition, there are lessons Bien que Monsieur Lengellé ait reconnu que l’annulation du PEB affiche la liste des documents numérisés jusqu’à ce jour ainsi qu'un think programming matters for historians, especially those who on topic modeling (a quick way to extract meaning from large a effectivement augmenté les coûts de consultation, le contexte échéancier de numérisation. Nous comptons assurer le suivi de are sitting in my digital history class. As William Turkel and Alan datasets, as the computer reconstructs ‘topics’ that it finds) as well budgétaire, prétend-il, ne laissait d’autres choix que de conserver cette requête. Nous avons également abordé toute la question des MacEachern wrote in the first edition of the Programming as automated downloading. les services dits essentiels et de supprimer les services que BAC partenariats public-privé. BAC nous a dit avoir été très surpris des Historian: “If you don’t program, your research process will jugeait ‘périphériques.’ Il est d’avis que les conséquences de réactions négatives suscitées par les ententes conclues avec always be at the mercy of those who do.” We use Microsoft Word, Conclusion l’annulation du PEB seront largement compensées par les Ancestry.com et Canadiana, étant donné les avantages que celles-ci library searches, draw on Google, digitize things through Adobe solutions de rechange mises sur pied par BAC comme la nouvelle offrent pour accélérer la numérisation. Nous avons insisté pour Acrobat, record statistics into Microsoft Excel, generate word So whether you're looking for a way to speed up your research politique du prêt du dernier exemplaire de BAC et la refonte que les chercheurs soient consultés, que BAC publicise les critères clouds with Wordle, etc., but we don’t always know how it works. with digitized sources, interested in adding a substantial digital complète du catalogue collectif canadien Amicus, d’importance qui orientent la sélection de ces partenaires et qu’il publie le Programming is a process of creative construction, and it belongs component to a methods course, or are just curious in hacking nationale, dont il convient la désuétude et la rigidité. contenu des ententes finales. Sans cette transparence, les critiques squarely in the humanistic tradition. around, the Programming Historian is for you. It’s occasionally continueront. frustrating (maybe even a bit infuriating), but the payoff is well Au sujet de la numérisation, nous avons fait part de nos But my course wasn’t Computer Science, and neither is thePH2 . worth it. And who knows? Maybe you’ll get bitten by the digital inquiétudes concernant le manque d’information disponible au Si nos rencontres avec BAC ne se sont pas soldées par des décisions Before long I had my students chugging through sources and history bug, and next thing you know, you'll be contributing to sujet du processus de sélection employé par BAC, l’ordre dans majeures ou des engagements concrets, il reste que les portes exploring algorithms. By the end of the module, only about 1/5th our textbook. lequel les documents sont présentement numérisés ainsi que demeurent ouvertes. Nous avons déjà planifié une autre rencontre of them were still thinking the same negative things they had l’échéancier. M. Lengellé nous a fourni quelques données durant laquelle nous discuterons de la politique d’Acquisition de going in, and they’d even humoured me as we went through. Ian Milligan is an assistant professor of history at the University of statistiques sur lesquelles BAC se base pour établir cette priorité. BAC basée sur une « Approche pan-sociétale », au sujet de laquelle Programming has a myth of being really hard, and while it Waterloo. L’étude que BAC a menée à ce sujet révèle que 70% des la SHC a déjà produit un mémoire l’hiver dernier et insisterons certainly requires an attention to detail, the Programming chercheurs font usage de 10% de la collection de BAC. Ces fonds pour que des mécanismes permanents de consultation soient mis portent principalement sur les militaires, les autochtones, le sur pied entre BAC et les chercheurs que la SHC représente. À ce transport et l’immigration. Ce sont donc ces collections qui sont sujet, comme au sujet du PEB, nous continuons à tisser des liens de prioritairement numérisées. En ce moment, 50 million de pages collaboration plus étroits avec les bibliothécaires et les archivistes ont été numérisées par BAC ainsi que 50 millions de pages par des afin d’assurer le succès de ces démarches.

30 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 31 CHA Advocacy Update / Mise à jour sur les Interventions Initiatives de l'été 2013 auprès de publiques de la SHC For some great samples of Omeka in action and some Historian helps to demystify it. And there's something to be said Bibliothèque et Archives Canada installations to inspire you, check out: about a process that gives you immediate feedback - your program works or crashes! - as opposed to the long cycles of OMEKA Lessons: http://programminghistorian.org/ feedback our students are used to. La SHC est intervenue à de nombreuses reprises pour faire valoir tierce parties. Il reste donc 400 million de pages pour numériser le lessons/up-and-running-with-omeka les revendications de ses membres et de la communauté de 10% de la collection de BAC qui est utilisée le plus souvent par 70% Portuguese Canadian History Project: So what did we do? chercheurs en général auprès de la direction de BAC suite aux de ses usagers. C’est à dire qu’en numérisant en moyenne un total http://archives.library.yorku.ca/exhibits/show/pchp réformes des cinq dernières années, qui compromettent la de 1.7 million de pages par an, qui est le rythme présentement, la Hurricane Digital Memory Bank: Installed an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) so pratique historique – entres autres, la réduction des services « modernisation » de 10% de la collection de BAC ne profiterait http://hurricanearchive.org/ students could quickly write code and execute it on their offerts aux chercheurs à 395, rue Wellington; l’annulation du qu’à nos descendants bien lointains. Le désir d’augmenter la computers; starting with the simpleprint ‘hello world’ to get programme de prêt entre bibliothèques (PEB); et le processus des numérisation de cette importante partie de leur collection est la the traditional ‘hello world’ greeting. activités de numérisation. Cependant, nos requêtes et nos principale raison des accords que BAC a conclu avec des tierces Learned to create text files using computer programs, recommandations sont longtemps restées lettre morte. Le parties – en particulier Canadiana et Ancestry.com. Grâce à ces Programming Historian 2 is not a computer combining ever-increasing complex strings. dialogue semble davantage possible depuis le départ de Daniel accords, pas moins de 40 à 50 millions de pages seront numérisées science course: it is instead a series of hands-on Opened up webpages with a programming language, Caron au mois de mai dernier. Le Directeur intérimaire, Hervé chaque année, ce qui veut dire que la numérisation de la collection examples, focused on the what and how rather downloading copies ofOld Bailey Online transcripts by Déry nous a signifié lors d’une première téléconférence (5 juillet qui est consultée par 70% des usagers de BAC sera complétée d’ici writing a few lines of code; 2013), vouloir reprendre le dialogue avec la communauté des 10 à 12 ans. than the underlying architecture that drives Counted words that appear in court transcripts chercheurs. Grâce à vos nombreux témoignages sur l’impact de programming languages. It’s also a challenge to Normalized data so that all information would appear in l’élimination du PEB (plus de cinquante), nous étions bien conventional forms of publishing, being a lower case, with punctuation cleaned up, outillés pour leur démontrer de façon concrète comment Si nos rencontres avec BAC ne se sont pas soldées par Created beautiful visualizations showing how terms appeared l’annulation du programme avait sérieusement compromis vos des décisions majeures ou des engagements concrets, “community-driven collaborative textbook,” in various contexts within court transcripts, getting a sense of efforts de recherche lors d’une deuxième rencontre (16 soliciting submissions, constantly refining, and the past without reading the documents themselves. septembre) avec Monsieur Fabien Lengellé, Directeur général de il reste que les portes demeurent ouvertes. Nous avons inviting comments at all stages. l’accès au contenu. Nous lui avons fait part de vos trois principales déjà planifié une autre rencontre durant laquelle For more on what you can do with programming, see: critiques à savoir : nous discuterons de la politique d’Acquisition de Python lessons: http://programminghistorian.org/contents Invisible Australians (the author started with the PH): 1. l’accès à l’information est compromis; BAC basée sur une « Approche pan-sociétale ». Python http://invisibleaustralians.org/faces/ 2. la qualité et la nature même de notre travail en souffre de façon inquiétante, et ; “Programming? But we’re not in Comp Sci?!” Other Topics 3. il n'existe aucune alternative qui puisse remplacer les M. Lengellé a aussi précisé que BAC était à produire des normes ressources uniques de BAC et la qualité des services offerts par de numérisation en collaboration avec, entre autres, des That was basically the reaction of a classroom of University of That’s not all! There are lessons on the Zotero API, which shows le programme du PEB. bibliothèques américaines et françaises qui devraient être Waterloo undergrad students in Winter 2013 as I told them what users how to combine their knowledge of Python with the open- publiées sous peu. Nous avons demandé que le site web de BAC we'd be doing over the next two weeks. As I told them then, I source reference database Zotero. In addition, there are lessons Bien que Monsieur Lengellé ait reconnu que l’annulation du PEB affiche la liste des documents numérisés jusqu’à ce jour ainsi qu'un think programming matters for historians, especially those who on topic modeling (a quick way to extract meaning from large a effectivement augmenté les coûts de consultation, le contexte échéancier de numérisation. Nous comptons assurer le suivi de are sitting in my digital history class. As William Turkel and Alan datasets, as the computer reconstructs ‘topics’ that it finds) as well budgétaire, prétend-il, ne laissait d’autres choix que de conserver cette requête. Nous avons également abordé toute la question des MacEachern wrote in the first edition of the Programming as automated downloading. les services dits essentiels et de supprimer les services que BAC partenariats public-privé. BAC nous a dit avoir été très surpris des Historian: “If you don’t program, your research process will jugeait ‘périphériques.’ Il est d’avis que les conséquences de réactions négatives suscitées par les ententes conclues avec always be at the mercy of those who do.” We use Microsoft Word, Conclusion l’annulation du PEB seront largement compensées par les Ancestry.com et Canadiana, étant donné les avantages que celles-ci library searches, draw on Google, digitize things through Adobe solutions de rechange mises sur pied par BAC comme la nouvelle offrent pour accélérer la numérisation. Nous avons insisté pour Acrobat, record statistics into Microsoft Excel, generate word So whether you're looking for a way to speed up your research politique du prêt du dernier exemplaire de BAC et la refonte que les chercheurs soient consultés, que BAC publicise les critères clouds with Wordle, etc., but we don’t always know how it works. with digitized sources, interested in adding a substantial digital complète du catalogue collectif canadien Amicus, d’importance qui orientent la sélection de ces partenaires et qu’il publie le Programming is a process of creative construction, and it belongs component to a methods course, or are just curious in hacking nationale, dont il convient la désuétude et la rigidité. contenu des ententes finales. Sans cette transparence, les critiques squarely in the humanistic tradition. around, the Programming Historian is for you. It’s occasionally continueront. frustrating (maybe even a bit infuriating), but the payoff is well Au sujet de la numérisation, nous avons fait part de nos But my course wasn’t Computer Science, and neither is thePH2 . worth it. And who knows? Maybe you’ll get bitten by the digital inquiétudes concernant le manque d’information disponible au Si nos rencontres avec BAC ne se sont pas soldées par des décisions Before long I had my students chugging through sources and history bug, and next thing you know, you'll be contributing to sujet du processus de sélection employé par BAC, l’ordre dans majeures ou des engagements concrets, il reste que les portes exploring algorithms. By the end of the module, only about 1/5th our textbook. lequel les documents sont présentement numérisés ainsi que demeurent ouvertes. Nous avons déjà planifié une autre rencontre of them were still thinking the same negative things they had l’échéancier. M. Lengellé nous a fourni quelques données durant laquelle nous discuterons de la politique d’Acquisition de going in, and they’d even humoured me as we went through. Ian Milligan is an assistant professor of history at the University of statistiques sur lesquelles BAC se base pour établir cette priorité. BAC basée sur une « Approche pan-sociétale », au sujet de laquelle Programming has a myth of being really hard, and while it Waterloo. L’étude que BAC a menée à ce sujet révèle que 70% des la SHC a déjà produit un mémoire l’hiver dernier et insisterons certainly requires an attention to detail, the Programming chercheurs font usage de 10% de la collection de BAC. Ces fonds pour que des mécanismes permanents de consultation soient mis portent principalement sur les militaires, les autochtones, le sur pied entre BAC et les chercheurs que la SHC représente. À ce transport et l’immigration. Ce sont donc ces collections qui sont sujet, comme au sujet du PEB, nous continuons à tisser des liens de prioritairement numérisées. En ce moment, 50 million de pages collaboration plus étroits avec les bibliothécaires et les archivistes ont été numérisées par BAC ainsi que 50 millions de pages par des afin d’assurer le succès de ces démarches.

30 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 31 CHA Advocacy Update / Mise à jour sur les Interventions Initiatives with Library and publiques de la SHC Archives Canada this Summer

The CHA has interceded numerous times to assert the needs of its particularly Canadiana and Ancestry.com. Through these members and the research community in general with LAC’s agreements, no less than 40 to 50 million pages will be digitized management following the reforms it has underwent in the past each year, which means that the digitization of the collection that five years, which compromise the historical practice – among is accessed by 70% of users LAC will be completed within 10 to 12 others, the reduction of services to researchers at 395 Wellington years. Street, the cancellation of the interlibrary loan program (ILL), and their digitisation process. However, our requests and recommendations have gone unheeded for a long time. The dialogue seems more possible since the departure of Daniel If our meetings with LAC have not resulted in Caron last May. The Acting Librarian and Archivist, Hervé Déry, major decisions and concrete commitments, the told us at our first conference call (5 July 2013) that he wanted to resume the dialogue with the research community. Thanks to fact remains that the doors remain open. We your testimony on the impact of the elimination of ILL (over have already planned another meeting where we fifty), we were well equipped to demonstrate in concrete terms will discuss LAC’s acquisition policy based on a how the cancellation of the program was seriously compromising your search efforts at a second meeting (16 September) with “pan-societal approach,”which the CHA already Fabien Lengellé, Director General, Content Access. We informed critiqued in a brief last winter and will insist him of your three main criticisms namely: that permanent consultation mechanisms be 1. Access to information is compromised; established between LAC and researchers that 2. The quality and nature of our work is threatened, and; the CHA represents. 3. There is no alternative that can replace the unique LAC resources and quality of services offered by the ILL.

Although Mr. Lengellé acknowledged that the cancellation of the Mr. Lengellé also noted that LAC will create standards for ILL has actually increased consulting costs, the budgetary digitization in cooperation with, among others, American and context, he claims, left LAC no choice but to retain the essential French libraries that should be published shortly. We asked service and remove services that are considered “on the that a list of the documents that are already digitised and a periphery.” He believes that the consequences of the cancellation digitisation schedule be posted on LAC’s website. We intend to of the PEB will be largely offset by the alternatives set up by LAC follow up on this request. We also discussed the whole issue of such as its new last copy loan policy and the complete overhaul of public-private partnerships. LAC told us that they were very the nationally significant Canadian union catalog Amicus, which surprised by the negative reaction arising from their agreements he admits is presently too rigid and outdated. with Ancestry.com and Canadiana, given that the digitisation will be that much faster as a result. Weinsisted that researchers be On the subject of digitisation, we expressed our concerns about consulted by LAC and that they make public the criteria that the lack of information available on the selection process guide the selection of partners and to publish the contents of the employed by LAC, the order in which documents are currently final agreements. Without this transparency, criticism will scheduled to be digitised and its timetable. Mr. Lengellé did give continue. us some statistics that help LAC establish its priority. A study conducted at LAC revealed that 70% of researchers make use of If our meetings with LAC have not resulted in major decisions 10% of LAC's collection. These fonds focus on the military, and concrete commitments, the fact remains that the doors indigenous affairs, transportation and immigration. It is these remain open. We have already planned another meeting where collections that are prioritised. At present, LAC has digitised 50 we will discuss LAC’s acquisition policy based on a “pan-societal million pages while another 50 million pages has been digitised approach,” which the CHA already critiqued in a brief last winter by third parties. There remain 400 million pages to digitise the and will insist that permanent consultation mechanisms be 10% of LAC’s collection that is used most often by 70% of its users. established between LAC and researchers that the CHA This means that scanning an average of 1.7 million pages per year, represents. On this subject, as with the PEB, we will continue to which is the present digitisation rate, the “modernization” of 10% forge closer ties of cooperation with librarians and archivists to of LAC’s collection would only benefit our distant descendants. ensure the success of these efforts. The desire to increase the pace in the digitisation of this important part of their collection is the main reason that LAC entered into formal agreements with third parties – more

32 Société historique du Canada MASSIVE Open Online Courses

By Shawn Graham

Are we all going to lose our jobs? Will digital media finally do to education what it has done to newspapers and music? Will there only be, in fifty years’ time, ten universities left in the world?1

That was a bold prediction to make. To listen to the hype, it would seem that the idea of a MOOC – a so-called massively open online course – appeared fully formed in 2012 and its dominance seemed assured. Their most famous proponents have been Sebastian Thrun, a computer science professor from Stanford and founder of students into passive consumers. There’s also the whiff of Udacity (and prophet of universities’ doom), and Daphne Koller colonialism too in the suggestion that western superprofessors and Andrew Ng, again computer science professors from Stanford (whoever and whatever that may be: who decides?) will impart and co-founders of Coursera. their wisdom to the grateful masses in the rest of the world.

What we all call ‘MOOCs’ were originally developed in Canada, and But they have already failed. ‘Never mind the high attrition rates,’ were once very different creatures. Conventionally, one can say their proponents, ‘we just had the wrong kind of students.’4 differentiate between the two kinds as xMOOCs and cMOOCs. ‘No you can’t have the answers to the questions because then I 5 cMOOCs (connectivist-style) attracted some attention, until they couldn't reuse the questions.’ Indeed, many students who enroll were overshadowed by xMOOCS, the venture-capital corporatized in MOOCs already have college degrees and don’t really need 6 versions, to the point where few remember the earlier kind. In 2008 whatever credential it is a MOOC might offer. George Siemens and Stephen Downes developed a course at the University of Manitoba built on a connectivist philosophy of In terms of pedagogy or use of technology, there is nothing teaching enabling students to build personal learning environments uniquely ‘new’ about MOOCs, as we have come to know them from online tools, which then became connected in an online since 2012. However, when used properly, my view is that a ecosystem (the container of the course). This opened up their MOOC is really a challenge topublishers rather than teachers. A course from the students at U Manitoba to a wider engaged group of MOOC is better thought of as a multi-modal text book. Like text about 2000 individuals. The history of the emergence of cMOOCs books, a certain percentage of the population who uses them can and their eclipsing by xMOOCs is covered by Audrey Watters, a learn from them. But most learners need far more that a text well-known observer of key trends in higher education, in her book, more than prepackaged videos, or machine graded address to the Ed-Tech Innovation conference in Alberta.2 multiple choice questions. Publishers like Pearson are getting into the MOOC sphere for a reason.7 Despite their purported What would these new-style xMOOCs do? Why, they’ll solve the openness, MOOCs fail anyone who cannot learn in that fashion. problems of access to university! They’d bring the best (Western) In terms of their technology, MOOCs are doing nothing more superprofessors to the rest of the world to lecture over video! Students will teach themselves! But most importantly, from an 1 StevenLeckart , “The Stanford Education Experiment Could Change Higher administrative point of view,they’dsave money: Learning Forever,” Wired, March 20, 2012, http://www.wired.com/ wiredscience/2012/03/ff_aiclass/3/. 2 How can this lead to cost reductions? The savings can accrue rapidly if Audrey Watters, “Ed-Tech #Edinnovation,”Hack Education , May 4, 2013, http://hackeducation.com/2013/05/04/ed-tech-argo-f-k-yourself/. the course is massively enrolled and subsections are taught by less well- 3 Roseanne Runte, “Education on the computer model: faster, more efficient, paid individuals; or if the course lasts several years and the designers customized,”Globe and Mail, June 4, 2013. 3 and lead professor may be paid over time. 4 Steve Kolowich, “San Jose State U. Puts MOOC Project with Udacity on Hold,” The Chronicle of Higher Education, July 19, 2013, http://chronicle.com/ These new xMOOCs are a kind of techno-solutionism, where the article/San-Jose-State-U-Puts-MOOC/140459/ They didn’t have access to computers or the internet, for one thing. key issue is not, ‘how can we use technology to help students learn,’ 5 Ry Rivard, “No Right Answers,”Inside Higher Ed, July 5, 2013, but rather, ‘how can I build a platform that can scale up.’ They http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2013/07/05/one-mooc-professor-wont- naturally seem to be an excellent solution to the problem of costs, let-students-know-right-answers. for which we employ administrators to solve, and which is why 6 Steve Kolowich, “A University’s Offer of Credit for a MOOC Gets No Takers,” administrators are far more excited about them than those who The Chronicle of Higher Education, Sept 27, 2013, http://chronicle.com/article/A- Universitys-Offer-of-Credit/140131/. teach. But these platforms are not value-neutral, and they reify 7 A. Watters, “Top Ed-Tech Trends of 2012: MOOCs,”Hack Education, December various power relations. They make the learners fit the technology, 3, 2012, http://hackeducation.com/2012/12/03/top-ed-tech-trends-of-2012- rather than the technology to fit the learners. They literally turn moocs/.

Canadian Historical Association 33 innovative than what for-profit online organizations like the But it’s a solution to the wrong problem. Access to education, the Obituaries/ University of Phoenix or Grand Canyon University (where I once efficient allotting of dollars to allow whatever it is we do in teaching Nécrologie worked) have been doing for years. to happen, are serious issues, but they are not the problems that MOOCs are best suited to solve. The correct problem for which a The pedagogical shortcomings of having massive numbers of MOOC might be an answer, is, ‘how can we get people to engage students being ‘taught’ by a talking head in a youtube video, with our scholarly academic output?’ More prosaically, how do we Jacques Henripin (1926-2013) Michael Swift (1936-2013) coupled with multiple choice questions and unmoderated get people to read what we write? The correct venue for the Pionnier de la démographie au Québec discussion forums, with un-assessed coursework8 do not need MOOC-like platform (and clearly a new acronym will be needed), belabouring, especially for anyone who has spent any time in a is to rethink what thebook could be.11 Par Réjean Lachapelle By Michael Gourlie classroom. The rejection by San Jose State’s Philosophy Department of a Harvard MOOC meant to teach social justice, My collaborator, Scott Weingart, is a PhD student of the history of La fécondité fut le sujet de prédilection de Jacques Henripin tout On behalf of the Association of Canadian Archivists (ACA), I wish circulated in an open letter this past spring, was an eloquent science who with Katy Börner, and David Polley, have used open au long de sa carrière. Il s’intéressera non seulement aux causes de to extend my sincerest condolences on the passing of Michael repudiation of not just the ‘teaching’ done with MOOCs, but also source tools from Google to cobble together their own ses variations, mais aussi aux conséquences de la faible fécondité, Swift. Mike greatly contributed to the development of a strong their philosophical underpinnings. In an ironic twist, for a course independent platform to offer a free course on information en particulier au vieillissement de la population qui en résulte Canadian archival system. He was a great mentor and good meant to be about social justice, the authors of the letter wrote, visualization.12 Weingart’s view on MOOCs, after having designed, ainsi qu’à la baisse du poids des francophones qui pourrait colleague. built, and run one, is, l’accompagner. L’étude de la fécondité en Nouvelle-France fut du “[...]We fear that two classes of universities will be created: reste au centre de la thèse de doctorat qu'il soutint à Paris en 1954. Mike received his Master of Arts degree in modern political history one, well-funded colleges and universities in which “[...]if designed and utilized correctly, MOOCs can lead to Celle-ci fut publiée la même année par l’Institut national d’études from the University of New Brunswick and began his archival privileged students get their own real professor; the other, classroom augmentations and in fact can be designed in a way démographiques, alors dirigé par Alfred Sauvy. Professeur à career at the Public Archives of Canada (PAC) in 1964, working in financially stressed private and public universities in which that they can no more be used to replace classrooms than l’Université de Montréal à partir de 1954, Jacques Henripin the Manuscript Division with both private manuscripts and students watch a bunch of videotaped lectures and interact, massively-distributed textbooks can.... In short, we offer the publia dans la décennie qui suivit, seul ou avec des collaborateurs, government records. A challenging assignment at that time was the if indeed any interaction is available on their home MOOC as a free and open textbook, not as a classroom de nombreux articles, rapports et chapitres de livres sur les creation and editing of the first Register of Dissertations in campuses, with a professor that this model of education has replacement. Within the classroom, we use it as a tool for aspects les plus variés de la démographie. Progress in cooperation with the Canadian Historical Association. turned into a glorified teaching assistant.” augmenting instruction. For those who choose to do assignments, and perform well on them with their student Rien d’étonnant que l'Université de Montréal pense à lui pour In 1971 he accepted the appointment as Provincial Archivist of As Jonathan Rees, a history professor at Colorado State and a teams, we acknowledge their good work with a badge rather créer en 1964 le département de démographie et en assurer la New Brunswick, succeeding Hugh Taylor. While with the PANB, trenchant critic of MOOCs has pointed out, even their most than a university credit. The fear that MOOCs will necessarily direction jusqu’en 1973. « Peut-être n’est-ce pas un hasard, écrivit Swift served as President of the Archives Section of the Canadian ardent supporters have started to try to dampen the hype in the automate teachers away is no more well-founded than the Jacques Henripin en 1968, que le seul département de Historical Association. In that capacity, he created the Committee light of the backlash, referring to the Gartner Hype Cycle.9 He idea that textbooks-and-standardized-tests would; further, if démographie de toutes les universités canadiennes ait été créé au on the Future, which brought in recommendations for the goes on to say, administrators choose to use MOOCs for this purpose, they sein d’une société qui vit sous la menace latente d’un formation of the Association of Canadian Archivists in 1975. are no more justified in doing this than they would be justified engloutissement par un groupe linguistique trente-cinq fois plus “When administrations have given faculty members the in replacing teachers with textbooks.”13 nombreux. » Mike returned to Ottawa in 1978 to become Director General of freedom to innovate and teach how they see fit, great things the Archives Branch of the PAC, a position he held until 1986. In have happened. Where that hasn’t happened, David Noble’s Whatever else MOOCs might do, they have put online learning Les politiques de population 1987, he was appointed Assistant National Archivist, a new digital diploma mills10 persist. What separates that first firmly on administrators’ agendas, with their promise of develop designation brought about by the amendment of the Archives Act scenario from the second scenario is power.” once, launch, and forget (the learning will take care of itself, and Jacques Henripin s’est toujours intéressé aux politiques de in 1984. During his tenure as Assistant National Archivist, the look at us, we have a MOOC!) But we as a discipline need to be population, notamment aux mesures propres à redresser une National Archives of Canada (NAC) played a leadership role in the Power. This is why we, as a discipline, have to engage with what is articulating clearly what MOOCs can and cannot do, and how they fécondité nettement inférieure au seuil de remplacement des International Council on Archives (ICA), NAC staff members happening in the online education world. My own students often might fit in a broader ecosystem, as Weingart has done. What if the générations et aux actions devant permettre à la société de were integral to the development and acceptance of international say to me, ‘I got into history so I wouldn’t have to deal with publishing branches of our scholarly societies published online s'adapter au vieillissement inéluctable des populations. Il ne s’est standards for the description of archival records, and the NAC also computers!,’ but that is to abdicate responsibility to the digital versions of our books and papers that featured videos of the pas contenté de lancer des débats et de faire des propositions, il en designed and built one of the finest archival storage facilities in the media companies, to computer science departments, to authors talking about the ideas in each chapter, each section? What a chiffré approximativement les coûts, souvent par des méthodes world, the Gatineau Preservation Centre. Mike retired from the administrators casting about for a solution. if the discussion forums could be places where different classes fort ingénieuses. De nombreuses actions engagées, les National Archives of Canada in 1997, having been associated with using the book – and the wider public – could come together to évaluations qui en sont faites et les discussions qui se poursuivent the National Archives for more than 30 years and having served 8 Tosay nothing about cheating. discuss these ideas? What if your book could reach thousands of d’une part pour concilier le travail avec les responsabilités under three Dominion/National Archivists. 9 Jonathan Rees, “The MOOC hype cycle is older than you think,” More or Less people who were engaged in conversation with not just each other, familiales et d’autre part pour adapter aux conséquences du Bunk, September 19, 2013, http://moreorlessbunk.wordpress.com/2013/09/19/ but also with you? What if we took seriously the ideals of a vieillissement les régimes de retraite, le système de santé et le He went on to serve two terms as a member of the Canadian the-mooc-hype-cycle-is-older-than-you-think/. cMOOC, and used that to turn our discipline inside-out? Scott soutien aux aidants proches doivent beaucoup à ses analyses et Cultural Property Export Review Board, and he established 10 David Noble, Digital Diploma Mills: The Automation of Higher Education (New Weingart, Ian Milligan, and I are engaged in just that kind of aux contributions qu’il a faites dans les débats publics. Michael Swift & Associates, an information management York: Monthly Review Press, 2001). 11 experiment as wewrite our book on an open platform, allowing our consulting firm. He became an honorary member in the Bernard Fryshman, “Books are MOOCS, Too,” Inside Higher Ed, August 2, 2013, 14 http://www.insidehighered.com/views/2013/08/02/let-us-count-ways-books- readers to engage with us at the level of the individual paragraph. Pour les démographes d’ici et d’ailleurs, il fut un modèle de Association of Canadian Archivists in 1997 and was made a and-moocs-are-alike-essay. As experiments go, this one might not work out the way we have rigueur et d’imagination et une source d’inspiration, que l’on Founding Fellow in 2009. 12 Börner, Katy, David Polley, Scott Weingart Information Visualization MOOC, planned, but the techno-solutionists are right about one thing: partage ou non ses opinions. Il avait à ce propos une qualité Indiana University,http://ivmooc.cns.iu.edu/. digital media are disrupting the way we have done things in the exceptionnelle : celle de changer d’opinions rapidement, Our thoughts and best wishes go out to Mike’s family, friends, and 13 Scott Weingart, “On MOOCS,” The Scottbot Irregular, http://www.scottbot.net/ HIAL/?p=35306. past. Weneed to get in front of that disruption to guide it to where it immédiatement parfois, au vu de nouvelles données jugées colleagues throughout the country and around the world. We are 14 Shawn Graham, Ian Milligan, and Scott Weingart, The Historian’s Macroscope, might do the most good, rather than harm. It’s too important to fiables ou d’une étude rigoureuse qui rejetait une idée qui lui était truly grateful for his devotion to the development of the Canadian http://themacroscope.org. leave to administration and venture capitalists. chère. Je nous souhaite tous cette humilité. archival profession.

34 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 35 innovative than what for-profit online organizations like the But it’s a solution to the wrong problem. Access to education, the Obituaries/ University of Phoenix or Grand Canyon University (where I once efficient allotting of dollars to allow whatever it is we do in teaching Nécrologie worked) have been doing for years. to happen, are serious issues, but they are not the problems that MOOCs are best suited to solve. The correct problem for which a The pedagogical shortcomings of having massive numbers of MOOC might be an answer, is, ‘how can we get people to engage students being ‘taught’ by a talking head in a youtube video, with our scholarly academic output?’ More prosaically, how do we Jacques Henripin (1926-2013) Michael Swift (1936-2013) coupled with multiple choice questions and unmoderated get people to read what we write? The correct venue for the Pionnier de la démographie au Québec discussion forums, with un-assessed coursework8 do not need MOOC-like platform (and clearly a new acronym will be needed), belabouring, especially for anyone who has spent any time in a is to rethink what thebook could be.11 Par Réjean Lachapelle By Michael Gourlie classroom. The rejection by San Jose State’s Philosophy Department of a Harvard MOOC meant to teach social justice, My collaborator, Scott Weingart, is a PhD student of the history of La fécondité fut le sujet de prédilection de Jacques Henripin tout On behalf of the Association of Canadian Archivists (ACA), I wish circulated in an open letter this past spring, was an eloquent science who with Katy Börner, and David Polley, have used open au long de sa carrière. Il s’intéressera non seulement aux causes de to extend my sincerest condolences on the passing of Michael repudiation of not just the ‘teaching’ done with MOOCs, but also source tools from Google to cobble together their own ses variations, mais aussi aux conséquences de la faible fécondité, Swift. Mike greatly contributed to the development of a strong their philosophical underpinnings. In an ironic twist, for a course independent platform to offer a free course on information en particulier au vieillissement de la population qui en résulte Canadian archival system. He was a great mentor and good meant to be about social justice, the authors of the letter wrote, visualization.12 Weingart’s view on MOOCs, after having designed, ainsi qu’à la baisse du poids des francophones qui pourrait colleague. built, and run one, is, l’accompagner. L’étude de la fécondité en Nouvelle-France fut du “[...]We fear that two classes of universities will be created: reste au centre de la thèse de doctorat qu'il soutint à Paris en 1954. Mike received his Master of Arts degree in modern political history one, well-funded colleges and universities in which “[...]if designed and utilized correctly, MOOCs can lead to Celle-ci fut publiée la même année par l’Institut national d’études from the University of New Brunswick and began his archival privileged students get their own real professor; the other, classroom augmentations and in fact can be designed in a way démographiques, alors dirigé par Alfred Sauvy. Professeur à career at the Public Archives of Canada (PAC) in 1964, working in financially stressed private and public universities in which that they can no more be used to replace classrooms than l’Université de Montréal à partir de 1954, Jacques Henripin the Manuscript Division with both private manuscripts and students watch a bunch of videotaped lectures and interact, massively-distributed textbooks can.... In short, we offer the publia dans la décennie qui suivit, seul ou avec des collaborateurs, government records. A challenging assignment at that time was the if indeed any interaction is available on their home MOOC as a free and open textbook, not as a classroom de nombreux articles, rapports et chapitres de livres sur les creation and editing of the first Register of Dissertations in campuses, with a professor that this model of education has replacement. Within the classroom, we use it as a tool for aspects les plus variés de la démographie. Progress in cooperation with the Canadian Historical Association. turned into a glorified teaching assistant.” augmenting instruction. For those who choose to do assignments, and perform well on them with their student Rien d’étonnant que l'Université de Montréal pense à lui pour In 1971 he accepted the appointment as Provincial Archivist of As Jonathan Rees, a history professor at Colorado State and a teams, we acknowledge their good work with a badge rather créer en 1964 le département de démographie et en assurer la New Brunswick, succeeding Hugh Taylor. While with the PANB, trenchant critic of MOOCs has pointed out, even their most than a university credit. The fear that MOOCs will necessarily direction jusqu’en 1973. « Peut-être n’est-ce pas un hasard, écrivit Swift served as President of the Archives Section of the Canadian ardent supporters have started to try to dampen the hype in the automate teachers away is no more well-founded than the Jacques Henripin en 1968, que le seul département de Historical Association. In that capacity, he created the Committee light of the backlash, referring to the Gartner Hype Cycle.9 He idea that textbooks-and-standardized-tests would; further, if démographie de toutes les universités canadiennes ait été créé au on the Future, which brought in recommendations for the goes on to say, administrators choose to use MOOCs for this purpose, they sein d’une société qui vit sous la menace latente d’un formation of the Association of Canadian Archivists in 1975. are no more justified in doing this than they would be justified engloutissement par un groupe linguistique trente-cinq fois plus “When administrations have given faculty members the in replacing teachers with textbooks.”13 nombreux. » Mike returned to Ottawa in 1978 to become Director General of freedom to innovate and teach how they see fit, great things the Archives Branch of the PAC, a position he held until 1986. In have happened. Where that hasn’t happened, David Noble’s Whatever else MOOCs might do, they have put online learning Les politiques de population 1987, he was appointed Assistant National Archivist, a new digital diploma mills10 persist. What separates that first firmly on administrators’ agendas, with their promise of develop designation brought about by the amendment of the Archives Act scenario from the second scenario is power.” once, launch, and forget (the learning will take care of itself, and Jacques Henripin s’est toujours intéressé aux politiques de in 1984. During his tenure as Assistant National Archivist, the look at us, we have a MOOC!) But we as a discipline need to be population, notamment aux mesures propres à redresser une National Archives of Canada (NAC) played a leadership role in the Power. This is why we, as a discipline, have to engage with what is articulating clearly what MOOCs can and cannot do, and how they fécondité nettement inférieure au seuil de remplacement des International Council on Archives (ICA), NAC staff members happening in the online education world. My own students often might fit in a broader ecosystem, as Weingart has done. What if the générations et aux actions devant permettre à la société de were integral to the development and acceptance of international say to me, ‘I got into history so I wouldn’t have to deal with publishing branches of our scholarly societies published online s'adapter au vieillissement inéluctable des populations. Il ne s’est standards for the description of archival records, and the NAC also computers!,’ but that is to abdicate responsibility to the digital versions of our books and papers that featured videos of the pas contenté de lancer des débats et de faire des propositions, il en designed and built one of the finest archival storage facilities in the media companies, to computer science departments, to authors talking about the ideas in each chapter, each section? What a chiffré approximativement les coûts, souvent par des méthodes world, the Gatineau Preservation Centre. Mike retired from the administrators casting about for a solution. if the discussion forums could be places where different classes fort ingénieuses. De nombreuses actions engagées, les National Archives of Canada in 1997, having been associated with using the book – and the wider public – could come together to évaluations qui en sont faites et les discussions qui se poursuivent the National Archives for more than 30 years and having served 8 Tosay nothing about cheating. discuss these ideas? What if your book could reach thousands of d’une part pour concilier le travail avec les responsabilités under three Dominion/National Archivists. 9 Jonathan Rees, “The MOOC hype cycle is older than you think,” More or Less people who were engaged in conversation with not just each other, familiales et d’autre part pour adapter aux conséquences du Bunk, September 19, 2013, http://moreorlessbunk.wordpress.com/2013/09/19/ but also with you? What if we took seriously the ideals of a vieillissement les régimes de retraite, le système de santé et le He went on to serve two terms as a member of the Canadian the-mooc-hype-cycle-is-older-than-you-think/. cMOOC, and used that to turn our discipline inside-out? Scott soutien aux aidants proches doivent beaucoup à ses analyses et Cultural Property Export Review Board, and he established 10 David Noble, Digital Diploma Mills: The Automation of Higher Education (New Weingart, Ian Milligan, and I are engaged in just that kind of aux contributions qu’il a faites dans les débats publics. Michael Swift & Associates, an information management York: Monthly Review Press, 2001). 11 experiment as wewrite our book on an open platform, allowing our consulting firm. He became an honorary member in the Bernard Fryshman, “Books are MOOCS, Too,” Inside Higher Ed, August 2, 2013, 14 http://www.insidehighered.com/views/2013/08/02/let-us-count-ways-books- readers to engage with us at the level of the individual paragraph. Pour les démographes d’ici et d’ailleurs, il fut un modèle de Association of Canadian Archivists in 1997 and was made a and-moocs-are-alike-essay. As experiments go, this one might not work out the way we have rigueur et d’imagination et une source d’inspiration, que l’on Founding Fellow in 2009. 12 Börner, Katy, David Polley, Scott Weingart Information Visualization MOOC, planned, but the techno-solutionists are right about one thing: partage ou non ses opinions. Il avait à ce propos une qualité Indiana University,http://ivmooc.cns.iu.edu/. digital media are disrupting the way we have done things in the exceptionnelle : celle de changer d’opinions rapidement, Our thoughts and best wishes go out to Mike’s family, friends, and 13 Scott Weingart, “On MOOCS,” The Scottbot Irregular, http://www.scottbot.net/ HIAL/?p=35306. past. Weneed to get in front of that disruption to guide it to where it immédiatement parfois, au vu de nouvelles données jugées colleagues throughout the country and around the world. We are 14 Shawn Graham, Ian Milligan, and Scott Weingart, The Historian’s Macroscope, might do the most good, rather than harm. It’s too important to fiables ou d’une étude rigoureuse qui rejetait une idée qui lui était truly grateful for his devotion to the development of the Canadian http://themacroscope.org. leave to administration and venture capitalists. chère. Je nous souhaite tous cette humilité. archival profession.

34 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 35 Institutional Members’ CHA Annual Meeting Corner / Le coin des Réunion annuelle 2013 Annual General Members Meeting Minutes / membres institutionnels Yukon Archives de la SHC Procès-verbal de la réunion annuelle des membres 2013

UNIVERSITY OF VICTORIA UNIVERSITÉ DE VICTORIA YukonArchives(www.yukonarchives.ca )islocatedin JUNE 4* 4 JUIN* Whitehorse, the capital of Yukon. It has a mandate to acquire, preserve, and provide access to Yukon’s documentary heritage. 1. Call to order: 4 :15 p.m. 1. Ouverture de la réunion : 16h15 The Archives opened in 1972 and is one of thirteen provincial and territorial archives across Canada funded by their 2. Minute of silence to honour deceased historians: Jean- 2. Minute de silence en honneur d'historiens décédés : Jean-Marie governments to care for the archival holdings of their citizens. Marie Fecteau, Sydney (Toby) Jackman, Gerald Jordan, Fecteau, Sydney (Toby) Jackman, Gerald Jordan, Laurier Lapierre, Laurier Lapierre, Varpu Lindström, Hugh McDougall, Varpu Lindström, Hugh McDougall, Helen Jean Nugent, Margaret Yukon Archives preserves and makes accessible original records Helen Jean Nugent, Margaret Prang, William Rodney. Prang, William Rodney. that shed light on almost every part of the Yukon experience, Chief Jim Boss to the including the Klondike Gold Rush, the Royal Canadian Mounted Government of Canada 3. Adoption of agenda: Moved by Margaret Conrad, 3. Adoption de l’ordre du jour : Motion de Margaret Conrad, Police, Yukon First Nations history and culture, land, river and air through to the signed land seconded by Gregory Kealey,passed. appuyée par Gregory Kealey,approuvée. transportation, geography and geology, politics and government, claims agreements. and much more. These unique and irreplaceable records include 4. Adoption of minutes of 2012 meeting 4. Adoption du procès-verbal de la réunion de 2012 photographs and moving images, diaries, letters, and What services does Yukon manuscripts, books, periodicals, maps, plans, atlases, sound Archives provide to the Moved by Matthew Hayday, seconded by Donald Wright, Motion de Matthew Hayday,appuyée par Donald Wright, approuvée. recordings, and government records. The tremendous Public? passed. collections of Yukon Archives are constantly growing through 5. Présentation de notre invité : the addition of new materials acquired through donations, Open for reference and 5. Guests Presentation: purchases and government record transfer. Access to research from Tuesday Chad Gaffield – SSHRC President / Président du CRSH ; Chad nous a descriptions about the archival material is available at through Saturday including Chad Gaffield – SSHRC President: Chad reiterated the rappelé l'importance de la SHC et autres associations savantes pour le http://www.tc.gov.yk.ca/archives_descriptivedatabase.html. evening hours on Friday importance of the CHA and other learned associations to CRSH. Malgré le fait que les chercheurs en sciences humaines vivent Records in all media and formats SSHRC. Although there are great concerns in the présentement de grandes inquiétudes, nous devrions être fiers de The Yukon Archives differs somewhat from most provincial or are available for consultation in humanities presently, we should be encouraged that more constater que plus de 7000 délégués sont inscrits au congrès à Victoria territorial archives in Canada by the fact that it contains a large the Yukon Archives reference than 7,000 are attending congress in Victoria this year. cette année. L'engouement pour l’étude de l’histoire de la pensée published library collection in addition to the original archival and research rooms Interest remains very high for the study of human thought humaine persiste et le congrès est une excellente occasion d'exprimer material. Yukon is large in geographical size but small in Hard copy displays on historical in the past and in the present and this is a great opportunity cet enthousiasme. population and so the drafters of theArchives Act in 1971 wanted topics are on exhibit at YA and to articulate the enthusiasm. ensure that published material written by and about Yukon was are available for borrowing by Chad a mentionné qu’il était regrettable que le CRSH ait dû annuler collected and preserved in Yukon Archives. The Archives also community organizations Chad mentioned that it was unfortunate that SSHRC had to son Programme d'aide de subvention de voyage aux sociétés savantes fills the role of Legislative Library for Yukon. Access to the A number of virtual exhibits on various topics are available at cancel its Aid & Attendance Grants to Scholarly mais qu'il était difficile pour eux de justifier son existence puisqu'ils ne catalogue records for the published holdings is available at www.yukonarchives.ca Associations but that it was difficult for them to justify its pouvaient pas démontrer l’impact du programme aux décisionnaires. http://www.pac.gov.yk.ca/. Recently the Archives mounted a Staff provide one hour of research for non-Yukon residents existence due to the lack of impact it had to the powers that website containing scans of published books and ephemera and it and three hours of research for Yukon residents who live in be. 6. Rapport du président is located at http://yukondigitallibrary.ca/. communities outside of Whitehorse Reproductions of textual records, photographs, maps, and 6. President’sReport Ceci est mon deuxième et dernier rapport annuel aux membres à titre Each year we receive visits from professors, students, authors, other records are provided at a nominal cost. (Copyright and de président. Ce fut un grand privilège et responsabilité d'occuper film-makers, genealogists and others who come to Yukon other restrictions may apply in some cases) This is my second and final annual report to members as cette fonction au sein de notre auguste société. J’aimerais en tout Archives to either start or to continue working on their Yukon Interlibrary loans from other institutions your president. It has been a great privilege and premier lieu remercier Penny Bryden et son comité de related research projects. Of great interest to many are the two Yukon Archives engages in community outreach activities responsibility to serve our venerable association in this programmation pour le travail remarquable qu’ils ont accompli dans periods of great upheaval and change whereby thousands of including rotating exhibits in the Hougen Heritage Gallery in capacity.May I begin by acknowledging the outstanding job l'organisation de la réunion annuelle 2013 de la SHC. C’est une people from around the world descended on Yukon – the downtown Whitehorse; tours for Yukon College classes, done by Penny Bryden and her program committee in énorme responsabilité et Penny et son équipe ont mis sur pied un Klondike Gold Rush starting with the discovery of gold on schools and other groups; partnerships with local staging the 2013 CHA conference. It is a huge responsibility programme et des activités locales de premier ordre, y compris des Bonanza Creek in 1896 and the construction of the Alaska organizations to increase awareness of Yukon history; and and Penny and her team have put together a first-rate visites organisées ouvertes à nos membres et autres délégués du Highway and Canol Pipeline Project starting in 1941. The interviews with local media. program and local arrangements including tours and congrès. Archives has created websites to document and animate these hospitality for our members and other registrants. and other events and they can be viewed at In 2012, Yukon Archives celebrated its 40th anniversary and as J’offre mes plus sincères remerciements à toutes les personnes http://www.tc.gov.yk.ca/archives_exhibits.html. part of the celebrations, a commemorative book was published, Lyle took this occasion to thank several other individuals dévouées qui ont soutenu notre société au cours des deux dernières For the Record: Yukon Archives, 1972 – 2012. This publication is who have made notable contributions. années. A topic of increasing research interest is the study of the land available at no charge, either in pdf format on claims process in Yukon. Scholars are starting to examine the www.yukonarchives.ca or in hard-copy by request at Respectfully submitted, Respectueusement soumis, published and archival material available at the Archives which [email protected] Lyle Dick, President, Lyle Dick, Président document the beginnings of the process from the 1902 letter by Canadian Historical Association Société historique du Canada

36 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 37 Institutional Members’ CHA Annual Meeting Corner / Le coin des Réunion annuelle 2013 Annual General Members Meeting Minutes / membres institutionnels Yukon Archives de la SHC Procès-verbal de la réunion annuelle des membres 2013

36 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 37 From left to right: Dominique Marshall, CHA President; Natalie Zemon Davis; CHA Keynote Speaker; and Penny Bryden, 2013 CHA Annual Meeting Program Chair / 7. Treasurer’sReport 7. Rapport du trésorier Dans l’ordre habituel: La présidente de la SHC, Dominique Marshall; Natalie Zemon Davis qui a prononcé le discours The 2012 financial year shows a healthy surplus of $14,812. This L’exercice 2012 présente un excédent de 14.812 $. Ce chiffre ne liminaire; et la responsable de programmation de la réunion number does not quite reflect our position going forward, since it reflète pas tout à fait notre position à venir, car il comporte la annuelle 2013 de la SHC, Penny Bryden. includes the final year in which we were able to draw upon the dernière année où nous avons pu tirer parti du pprogramme cancelled Aid for Attendance Grants for Scholarly Associations (17.800 $) d'aide et de subvention de voyage aux sociétés savantes ($17,800). In place of the AAGSA, we distributed $8500 from the (maintenant annulé) du CRSH. En remplacement de l'ASVSS, new Travel Assistance Fund, taken from interest accrued by the nous avons distribué 8500 $ du nouveau Fonds d'aide au Ethnic Booklets Fund and part of the Ryerson Fund. More 30 déplacement de la SHC, créé à partir des intérêts accumulés du applicants applied. Fonds des livrets Les Groupes ethniques du Canada et une partie du Fonds Ryerson. Plus de 30 candidats ont soumis une Finally, as my last report as Treasurer, I want to acknowledge and application. thank both Marielle and Michel for their tremendous work and their support. It has been an honour to serve in this position with Enfin, comme ceci est mon dernier rapport en tant que trésorier, je them. tiens à remercier Marielle et Michel pour leur travail remarquable et leur soutien. Cela a été un honneur d’œuvrer avec eux. Dominique Clément, this year's Chair of the Nominating Dominique Clément, le président du comité de mises en James Opp, CHA Treasurer Committee wanted to thank the other members of the committee candidatures de cette année a tenu à remercier les autres membres James Opp, Trésorier who assisted in establishing an excellent slate of candidates for du comité qui ont contribué à établir une excellente liste de 8. Adoption of the new CHA By-Laws this year’s elections – Josette Brun, Christopher Dummitt, and candidats pour les élections de cette année – Josette Brun, 8. Adoption des nouveaux règlements de la SHC Donald Wright. Christopher Dummitt et Donald Wright. Lyle reminded the members that the CHA had to revise its by- laws in light of the passing of the new Canada Not-for-profit Lyle a rappelé aux membres que la SHC a dû revoir ses règlements à The new Council members for 2013-2016 are – Michel Les nouveaux membres du Conseil d’administration pour 2013- Corporations Act which required us to draft new by-laws to la lumière de l’adoption de la nouvelle Loi canadienne sur les Ducharme, Bonny Ibhawoh, and Nicole Neatby 2016 sont Michel Ducharme, Bonny Ibhawoh et Nicole Neatby. conform to the new federal law. These new by-laws were sent to sociétés sans but lucratif qui nous impose à rédiger de nouveaux members in April and again last week. They have also posted in règlements conformes à la nouvelle loi fédérale. Ces nouveaux The new nominating Committee members are – Rhonda Hinther Les nouveaux membres du Comité de mises en candidature sont the member's section of our website since April for consultation. statuts ont été envoyés aux membres en avril et encore une fois la and Sean Kheraj Rhonda Hinther et Sean Kheraj. semaine dernière. Ils sont également affichés dans la section Michel Duquet highlighted the few core changes that were made réservée aux membres de notre site Web depuis avril pour Dominique Clément also made it known that the Nominating Dominique Clément a également fait savoir que le Comité de to the by-laws. consultation. De plus, Michel Duquet a souligné les quelques Committee has selected Joan Sangster as its nominee for Vice- mises en candidatures a choisi Joan Sangster comme candidate à changements fondamentaux qui ont été apportés aux règlements. president of the CHA. Dominique then asked if there were other la vice-présidence de la SHC. Dominique a ensuite demandé s’il y Margaret Conrad motioned, seconded by Craig Heron that we nominees from the floor. None having been brought forth, avait d'autres nominations de la part des membres. Aucune ayant adopt the by-laws as presented, passed. Motion de Margaret Conrad, appuyée par Craig Heron, que nous Dominique motioned, seconded by Betsy Jameson that Joan été proposée, Dominique a fait une motion, appuyée par Betsy adoptions les statuts tels qu'ils sont présentés, adoptée. Sangster be the Vice-President’s candidate in next year's Jameson, que Joan Sangster soit la candidate à la vice-présidence 9. The By-laws of the Association specify that members shall elections, passed. lors des élections de l'année prochaine, approuvée. appoint, at each Annual Meeting, an auditor to audit the 9. Les règlements de la Société stipulent que les membres accounts of the Association for the upcoming fiscal year. doivent, à chaque réunion annuelle, désigner un vérificateur 11. Other Business 11. Autres sujets Could we therefore have a motion to appoint Andrea Poole as pour le nouvel exercice financier. Est-ce que quelqu'un our auditor. désirerait proposer Andrea Poole comme vérificateur. Elaine Naylor, the outgoing CHA Equity and Diversity Elaine Naylor, la responsable sortante du portefeuille de l’équité Committee Chair, motioned that the CHA send a letter to the et de la diversité de la SHC, a fait une motion pour que la SHC James Opp motioned, seconded by Gregory Kealey, that we hire Motion de James Opp, appuyée par Gregory Kealey,approuvée. Federation for the Humanities and Social Sciences asking them to envoie une lettre à la Fédération des sciences humaines en leur Andrea Poole as our auditor for the 2013 fiscal year, passed. provide affordable babysitting services on campus every time demandant qu’elle offre des services de garde d'enfants 10. Remerciements aux membres sortants du conseil congress is held, seconded by Nancy Janovicek, passed. abordables sur le campus chaque fois que le congrès ait lieu, 10. Thanks to outgoing Council Members & 2013 Election d'administration & résultats de l'élection 2013 appuyée par Nancy Janovicek, approuvée. Results 12. Adjournment : 5:30 p.m. Lyle a réitéré la gratitude de l'exécutif envers James Opp qui a fait un 12. Levée de la réunion : 17h30 Lyle reiterated the Executive’s gratitude towards James Opp who travail admirable, non seulement en tant que trésorier, mais aussi à *For the complete minutes from the meeting, please go to did an admirable work not only as a treasurer but also as a titre de membre de l'exécutif. http://www.cha-shc.ca/en/59. *Le compte rendu intégral de la réunion est au http://www.cha- member of the Executive. shc.ca/fr/59. Lyle a également voulu offrir ses remerciements aux membres Lyle also wanted to offer his many thanks to the outgoing Council sortants du Conseil d'administration pour leur dévouement à la members for their dedication to the CHA the last three years – SHC ces trois dernières années - Lisa Dillon, Peter Gossage et Lisa Dillon, Peter Gossage and Elaine Naylor. Elaine Naylor.

38 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 39 From left to right: Dominique Marshall, CHA President; Natalie Zemon Davis; CHA Keynote Speaker; and Penny Bryden, 2013 CHA Annual Meeting Program Chair / 7. Treasurer’sReport 7. Rapport du trésorier Dans l’ordre habituel: La présidente de la SHC, Dominique Marshall; Natalie Zemon Davis qui a prononcé le discours The 2012 financial year shows a healthy surplus of $14,812. This L’exercice 2012 présente un excédent de 14.812 $. Ce chiffre ne liminaire; et la responsable de programmation de la réunion number does not quite reflect our position going forward, since it reflète pas tout à fait notre position à venir, car il comporte la annuelle 2013 de la SHC, Penny Bryden. includes the final year in which we were able to draw upon the dernière année où nous avons pu tirer parti du pprogramme cancelled Aid for Attendance Grants for Scholarly Associations (17.800 $) d'aide et de subvention de voyage aux sociétés savantes ($17,800). In place of the AAGSA, we distributed $8500 from the (maintenant annulé) du CRSH. En remplacement de l'ASVSS, new Travel Assistance Fund, taken from interest accrued by the nous avons distribué 8500 $ du nouveau Fonds d'aide au Ethnic Booklets Fund and part of the Ryerson Fund. More 30 déplacement de la SHC, créé à partir des intérêts accumulés du applicants applied. Fonds des livrets Les Groupes ethniques du Canada et une partie du Fonds Ryerson. Plus de 30 candidats ont soumis une Finally, as my last report as Treasurer, I want to acknowledge and application. thank both Marielle and Michel for their tremendous work and their support. It has been an honour to serve in this position with Enfin, comme ceci est mon dernier rapport en tant que trésorier, je them. tiens à remercier Marielle et Michel pour leur travail remarquable et leur soutien. Cela a été un honneur d’œuvrer avec eux. Dominique Clément, this year's Chair of the Nominating Dominique Clément, le président du comité de mises en James Opp, CHA Treasurer Committee wanted to thank the other members of the committee candidatures de cette année a tenu à remercier les autres membres James Opp, Trésorier who assisted in establishing an excellent slate of candidates for du comité qui ont contribué à établir une excellente liste de 8. Adoption of the new CHA By-Laws this year’s elections – Josette Brun, Christopher Dummitt, and candidats pour les élections de cette année – Josette Brun, 8. Adoption des nouveaux règlements de la SHC Donald Wright. Christopher Dummitt et Donald Wright. Lyle reminded the members that the CHA had to revise its by- laws in light of the passing of the new Canada Not-for-profit Lyle a rappelé aux membres que la SHC a dû revoir ses règlements à The new Council members for 2013-2016 are – Michel Les nouveaux membres du Conseil d’administration pour 2013- Corporations Act which required us to draft new by-laws to la lumière de l’adoption de la nouvelle Loi canadienne sur les Ducharme, Bonny Ibhawoh, and Nicole Neatby 2016 sont Michel Ducharme, Bonny Ibhawoh et Nicole Neatby. conform to the new federal law. These new by-laws were sent to sociétés sans but lucratif qui nous impose à rédiger de nouveaux members in April and again last week. They have also posted in règlements conformes à la nouvelle loi fédérale. Ces nouveaux The new nominating Committee members are – Rhonda Hinther Les nouveaux membres du Comité de mises en candidature sont the member's section of our website since April for consultation. statuts ont été envoyés aux membres en avril et encore une fois la and Sean Kheraj Rhonda Hinther et Sean Kheraj. semaine dernière. Ils sont également affichés dans la section Michel Duquet highlighted the few core changes that were made réservée aux membres de notre site Web depuis avril pour Dominique Clément also made it known that the Nominating Dominique Clément a également fait savoir que le Comité de to the by-laws. consultation. De plus, Michel Duquet a souligné les quelques Committee has selected Joan Sangster as its nominee for Vice- mises en candidatures a choisi Joan Sangster comme candidate à changements fondamentaux qui ont été apportés aux règlements. president of the CHA. Dominique then asked if there were other la vice-présidence de la SHC. Dominique a ensuite demandé s’il y Margaret Conrad motioned, seconded by Craig Heron that we nominees from the floor. None having been brought forth, avait d'autres nominations de la part des membres. Aucune ayant adopt the by-laws as presented, passed. Motion de Margaret Conrad, appuyée par Craig Heron, que nous Dominique motioned, seconded by Betsy Jameson that Joan été proposée, Dominique a fait une motion, appuyée par Betsy adoptions les statuts tels qu'ils sont présentés, adoptée. Sangster be the Vice-President’s candidate in next year's Jameson, que Joan Sangster soit la candidate à la vice-présidence 9. The By-laws of the Association specify that members shall elections, passed. lors des élections de l'année prochaine, approuvée. appoint, at each Annual Meeting, an auditor to audit the 9. Les règlements de la Société stipulent que les membres accounts of the Association for the upcoming fiscal year. doivent, à chaque réunion annuelle, désigner un vérificateur 11. Other Business 11. Autres sujets Could we therefore have a motion to appoint Andrea Poole as pour le nouvel exercice financier. Est-ce que quelqu'un our auditor. désirerait proposer Andrea Poole comme vérificateur. Elaine Naylor, the outgoing CHA Equity and Diversity Elaine Naylor, la responsable sortante du portefeuille de l’équité Committee Chair, motioned that the CHA send a letter to the et de la diversité de la SHC, a fait une motion pour que la SHC James Opp motioned, seconded by Gregory Kealey, that we hire Motion de James Opp, appuyée par Gregory Kealey,approuvée. Federation for the Humanities and Social Sciences asking them to envoie une lettre à la Fédération des sciences humaines en leur Andrea Poole as our auditor for the 2013 fiscal year, passed. provide affordable babysitting services on campus every time demandant qu’elle offre des services de garde d'enfants 10. Remerciements aux membres sortants du conseil congress is held, seconded by Nancy Janovicek, passed. abordables sur le campus chaque fois que le congrès ait lieu, 10. Thanks to outgoing Council Members & 2013 Election d'administration & résultats de l'élection 2013 appuyée par Nancy Janovicek, approuvée. Results 12. Adjournment : 5:30 p.m. Lyle a réitéré la gratitude de l'exécutif envers James Opp qui a fait un 12. Levée de la réunion : 17h30 Lyle reiterated the Executive’s gratitude towards James Opp who travail admirable, non seulement en tant que trésorier, mais aussi à *For the complete minutes from the meeting, please go to did an admirable work not only as a treasurer but also as a titre de membre de l'exécutif. http://www.cha-shc.ca/en/59. *Le compte rendu intégral de la réunion est au http://www.cha- member of the Executive. shc.ca/fr/59. Lyle a également voulu offrir ses remerciements aux membres Lyle also wanted to offer his many thanks to the outgoing Council sortants du Conseil d'administration pour leur dévouement à la members for their dedication to the CHA the last three years – SHC ces trois dernières années - Lisa Dillon, Peter Gossage et Lisa Dillon, Peter Gossage and Elaine Naylor. Elaine Naylor.

38 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 39 Historians in the News / Les historiens font les manchettes

« Les historiens font les manchettes » vise à reconnaître et à honorer “Historians in the News” seeks to acknowledge and celebrate some décerné par la Ontario Historical Society au meilleur livre sur Society, the J.J. Talman Award recognizes the best book on quelques-uns des nombreux succès d’historiens au Canada, y of the many successes of historians in Canada, including their l’histoire sociale, économique, politique ou culturelle de Ontario’s social, economic, political or cultural history compris leur engagement envers le public. Si vous ou quelqu’un que engagement with the public. If you or someone you know has won a l’Ontario publié au cours des trois dernières années. published in the past three years. vous connaissez a : gagné un prix du livre ou d’article, reçu un prix book or article prize, received a teaching award, delivered a public d’enseignement, donné une conférence publique ou une entrevue, lecture, given an interview, written an editorial, started a new blog Katrina Srigley s’est méritée le prix Alison-Prentice Award 2013 Katrina Srigley received the 2013 Alison Prentice Award for her écrit un éditorial, commencé un nouveau blog ou écrit un texte or written a notable entry, been hired to a new administrative pour son livre Breadwinning Daughters: Young Working Women book, Breadwinning Daughters: Young Working Women in a remarquable, été affecté dans un nouveau poste administratif, ou position, or been awarded an honorary degree, please tell us about in a Depression-Era City, 1929-1939. Le prix est décerné par la Depression-Era City, 1929-1939. Awarded by the Ontario reçu un diplôme honorifique, veuillez nous en informer et nous it, and we will consider including it in our column. Here are a few Ontario Historical Society au meilleur livre sur l’histoire des Historical Society,the Alison Prentice Award recognizes the best tenterons de l'inclure dans notre rubrique. Voici quelques faits qui developments that caught our attention over the last few months: femmes de l'Ontario publié au cours des trois dernières années. book on women’s history in Ontario, published in the past three ont retenu notre attention au cours des derniers mois : years. With the partnership of Canada’s History Society, the CHA L’historienne et auteureCharlotte Gray a écrit un article dans le En partenariat avec la Société Histoire Canada, la SHC participe continued its participation in the Governor General’s History Globe & Mail pour suggérer que le congé férié du mois d’août soit Historian and novelistCharlotte Gray wrote an article for the toujours aux Prix d’histoire du Gouverneur général, dont celui du Awards, which include the GG Award for the best scholarly book n o m m é « J o u r n é e C h a m p l a i n » . Globe & Mail calling for the naming of the August long weekend prix du GG pour le meilleur livre savant en histoire canadienne in Canadian History to the editors of Codex Canadensis and the http://www.theglobeandmail.com/commentary/charlotte-gray- holiday as “Champlain Day.”http://www.theglobeandmail.com/ qui a été remis aux auteursFrancois-Marc Gagnon , Nancy Writings of Louis Nicolas, edited byFrancois-Marc Gagnon , id-raise-a-glass-to-champlain/article13468140/ commentary/charlotte-gray-id-raise-a-glass-to-champlain/ Senior, and Réal Ouellet pour leur livre Codex Canadensis and Nancy Senior, and Réal Ouellet . article13468140/ the Writings of Louis Nicolas. Dominique Marshall, présidente de la SHC ainsi que Lyle Dick , Ken Cruikshank, McMaster University, received a Dedicated président sortant de la SHC ont donné une entrevue à CHA PresidentDominique Marshall and former president Ken Cruikshank, de l’Université McMaster, s’est mérité le prix Service Award from the Canadian Association of University ActiveHistory.ca au sujet des coupures budgétaires et l’étude de Lyle Dick gave an interview for ActiveHistory.ca on the topic of décerné pour services dévoués de l’Association canadienne des Teachers for his exceptional record of service to the McMaster l’histoire http://activehistory.ca/2013/07/history-slam-episode- budget cuts and the study of history. http://activehistory.ca/ professeures et professeurs d’université pour son bilan University Faculty Association. twenty-five-budget-cuts-and-the-study-of-history/ 2013/07/history-slam-episode-twenty-five-budget-cuts-and- exceptionnel au service de la University Faculty Association the-study-of-history/ McMaster. Standing Up with Ga’axsta’las: Jane Constance Cook and the Le lauréat du prix Sir-John-A.Macdonald,William Wicken a Politics of Memory, Church, and Custom, byLeslie A. Robertson , donné une entrevue sur son livre The Colonization of Mi’kmaw CHA Sir John A. Macdonald prize winnerWilliam Wicken gave Standing Up with Ga’axsta’las: Jane Constance Cook and the Kwagu’l Gixsam Clan, was a finalist for the Roderick Haig-Brown Memory and History, 1794-1928: The King v. Gabriel Sylliboy an interview about his book, The Colonization of Mi’kmaw Politics of Memory, Church, and Custom (UBC, 2012) de Leslie A. Regional Prize, a BC Book Prize awarded to the book that most (University of Toronto Press, 2012). http://www.youtube.com/ Memory and History, 1794-1928: The King v. Gabriel Sylliboy Robertson, Kwagu’l Gixsam Clan, était finaliste pour le Prix contributes to the understanding of British Columbia. watch?v=N89kpr3kEUI&feature=c4-overview&list= (University of Toronto, 2012). http://www.youtube.com/ régional Roderick Haig-Brown, un prix du livre en C.-B. remis à UU8OzrUVarfqUtn87_zFrn-g watch?v=N89kpr3kEUI&feature=c4-overview&list= l’ouvrage qui a le plus contribué à la connaissance de la Colombie- In addition to being shortlisted for the Sir John A. Macdonald UU8OzrUVarfqUtn87_zFrn-g Britannique. Prize, Secret Service: Political Policing in Canada, by Reg Adam Chapnick a écrit un article d’opinion dans le Toronto Star Whitaker, Greg Kealey , and Andrew Parnaby , was shortlisted appelant les historiens universitaires à faire davantage pour Adam Chapnick wrote an opinion piece for the Toronto Star En plus d’être sur la liste courte du prix Sir-John-A.-Macdonald, for the J.W.Dafoe Book Prize and the Canadian Political Science soutenir l’enseignement de l’histoire dans les écoles secondaires. calling on academic historians to do more to support the Secret Service: Political Policing in Canada, deReg Whitaker , Association’s Donald Smiley Prize. It also won the Canada Prize Il s’est félicité de l’annonce faite par le gouvernement fédéral du teaching of history in high schools. He welcomed the federal Greg Kealeyet Andrew Parnaby , était également sur la liste in the Social Sciences awarded by the Federation for the Fonds d’histoire du Canada, qui reconnaîtra les élèves du government’s announcement of the Canada History Fund, courte du prix du livre J.W.-Dafoe et du prix Don Smiley de Humanities and Social Sciences. secondaire et les enseignants du secondaire qui font la promotion which will recognize secondary students and high school l’Association canadienne de science politique. La fédération et sont impliqués dans l’histoire du Canada. teachers who promote and engage with Canadian history. canadienne des sciences humaines lui a également décerné son Ramsay Cook, Professor Emeritus, York University, and http://www.thestar.com/opinion/ http://www.thestar.com/opinion/commentary/2013/07/16/har prix du Canada pour les sciences sociales. Margaret MacMillan, Warden, St. Anthony’s College, Oxford, commentary/2013/07/16/harper_governments_canadian_histo per_governments_canadian_history_fund_a_step_in_the_rig were part of a feature interview with Michael Enright on CBC ry_fund_a_step_in_the_right_direction_chapnick.html ht_direction_chapnick.html Ramsay Cook, professeur émérite à l’Université York et Radio’s The Sunday Edition. “Canada: Margaret MacMillan, préfet à St. Anthony’s College à Oxford, Whose history is it?” can be heard at Le Conseil canadien des archives a exprimé son inquiétude dans TheCanadian Council of Archives expressed its concern in an ont été interviewés par Michael Enright pour son programme « http://www.cbc.ca/thesundayedition/ un article duMontreal Gazette qu’il n’a pas été suffisamment article in the Montreal Gazette that it has not been adequately The Sunday Edition » à Radio-Canada. Vous pouvez écouter le features/2013/06/16/the-canadian- impliqué dans la planification des célébrations pour le 150e involved in the planning of celebrations for the 150th segment « Canada: Whose history is it? » au government-and-canadian- anniversaire de la Confédération. a n n i v e r s a r y o f C o n f e d e r a t i o n . http://www.cbc.ca/thesundayedition/ history/index.html. http://www.montrealgazette.com/news/national/ http://www.montrealgazette.com/news/ features/2013/06/16/the-canadian-government-and-canadian- Archivists+worry+they+excluded+from+planning+Canada/ national/Archivists+worry+they+excluded+from+planning+ history/index.html. Stuart Henderson received the 2013 J.J. 8621898/story.html Canada/8621898/story.html Talman Award for his book, Making the Stuart Henderson a reçu le prix J.J-Talman pour son livre Making Scene: Yorkville and Hip Toronto in the Les archives Laurier de l’Université Wilfrid-Laurier ont annoncé TheLaurier Archives at Wilfrid Laurier University announced the Scene: Yorkville and Hip Toronto in the 1960s. Le prix est 1960s. Awarded by the Ontario Historical la création du prix de déplacement Joan-Mitchel pour aider à the creation of the $1,000 Joan Mitchell Travel Award, to

40 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 41 Historians in the News / Les historiens font les manchettes

40 Société historique du Canada Canadian Historical Association 41 compenser les frais de déplacement aux archives pour y mener supplement travel to the archives for original research. une recherche nouvelle. http://library.wlu.ca/ http://library.wlu.ca/research-materials/archives research-materials/archives The Media and Communication History Committee of the Le Comité de l’histoire des médias et de la communication de CHA announces the creation of a new award for Best Paper by a la SHC annonce la création d’un nouveau prix pour le meilleur Graduate Student in Media and Communication History. The article sur l’histoire des médias et de la communication par un award will be granted for the first time in the spring of 2014. étudiant diplômé. Le prix sera décerné pour la première fois au http://h-net.msu.edu/cgi-bin/logbrowse.pl?trx=vx&list=H- printemps 2014. http://h-net.msu.edu/cgi-bin/ Canada&month=1307&week=d&msg=xWUzlbYy9nRFtmvOs logbrowse.pl?trx=vx&list=H-Canada&month=1307&week= LCwxg&user=&pw= d&msg=xWUzlbYy9nRFtmvOsLCwxg&user=&pw= The Network in Canadian History & Environment released the La Nouvelle initiative canadienne en histoire de final episode of its special series, “Histories of Canadian l’environnement a publié le dernier épisode de sa série spéciale Environmental Issues.” The episode explored the history of the « Histories of Canadian Environmental Issues. » L’épisode Alberta tar sands, and featured an interview with Dr. Andrew explore l’histoire des sables bitumineux de l’Alberta et offre une Weaver, a climatologist from University of Victoria and Green entrevue avec le Dr Andrew Weaver, climatologue de l’Université Party of BC Member of the Legislative Assembly. http://niche- de Victoria et du Parti Vert et membre de l’Assemblée législative canada.org/node/10662 de la C.-B. http://niche-canada.org/node/10662 ActiveHistory.caand HistoireEngagee.ca continue to post valuable contributions from members of the historical profession on a regular basis. The websites’ aim is to connect the work of historians with the wider public and the importance of the past to current events. Westrongly encourage you to check them out!

Alison Prentice, a CHA member and leading Canadian feminist, was honoured with the Order of Canada. Alison has been a leader in the field of Canadian women’s history, most notably as the lead author of the only comprehensive Tar Sands in Alberta Online Mikan #3592868 history of women in Canada, Canadian Women: A History, ActiveHistory.caet HistoireEngagee.ca continuent d’afficher which had its third edition in de précieuses contributions des membres de la profession 2011. This collaborative work (six d’historien sur une base régulière. L’objectif des sites Internet est authors then four) has been, de publiciser le travail d’historiens auprès du grand public et de along with exemplary scholarship connecter l’importance du passé aux actualités. Nous vous and an accessible style, a true encourageons fortement à les consulter! example of feminist praxis.

Alison Prentice, membre de la SHC et leader féministe canadien a été décorée de l’Ordre du Canada. Alison a été un chef de file dans le domaine de l’histoire canadienne des femmes, notamment comme le principal auteur de l’unique histoire exhaustive des femmes au Canada,Canadian Women: A History , qui en était rendue à sa troisième édition en 2011. Ce travail collaboratif (six auteurs puis quatre) est une érudition exemplaire dans un style accessible ; un authentique exemple de praxis féministe.

42 Société historique du Canada

CALL FOR NOMINATIONS APPEL DE MISES EN CANDIDATURE CANADIAN HISTORICAL SOCIÉTÉ HISTORIQUE DU CANADA ASSOCIATION CONSEIL D’ADMINISTRATION COUNCIL AND NOMINATING ET COMITÉ DE MISES EN COMMITTEE 2014 CANDIDATURE 2014

In order to prepare a ballot for the election of candidates to take Afin de préparer les bulletins de vote pour l’élection des membres du office at the 2014 Annual Meeting of the Canadian Historical comité exécutif, du conseil et du comité de nominations qui entreront Association, the Nominating Committee of the CHA wishes to en fonction lors de l’Assemblée générale annuelle des membres 2014 draw your attention to the following procedure. de la Société historique du Canada, le comité de mises en candidature de la SHC tient à vous faire part de la procédure suivante. Nominations of candidates for positions on the Council and on the Nominating Committee will be received in writing, email Le bureau de la SHC acceptera jusqu’au 31 décembre 2013, par écrit, or fax until December 31, 2013. Letters of nomination shall courriel ou télécopie, les propositions de candidats pour des postes au include the signatures of the nominator and a seconder, both of sein du conseil d’administration et du comité de mise en candidature. whom must be members of the Association in good standing at Les lettres de proposition doivent porter les signatures de la personne the time the nomination is submitted. The Nominating qui propose une candidature et de la personne qui appuie cette Committee will assume the responsibility of ensuring that each candidature, les signataires doivent être membres en règle de la SHC person nominated agrees to appear on the ballot. The names of au moment où ils soumettent leur proposition. Le comité de mises en all duly nominated candidates shall appear on the ballot candidature s’assurera que chaque personne proposée accepte d'être prepared by the Nominating Committee and submitted to the candidat. Les noms de tous les candidats dûment présentés seront membership. This ballot shall include not less than six inscrits sur les bulletins de vote qui auront été préparés par le comité candidates for the Council and four candidates for the de mise en candidature et qui seront distribués à l'ensemble des Nominating Committee to fill the three positions on Council membres de la SHC. Sur le bulletin de vote doivent être inscrits au andthetwopositionsontheNominatingCommittee.Iffewer moins 6 (six) candidats pour le conseil et au moins 4 (quatre) candidates than required have been nominated by December candidats pour le comité de nominations pour remplir les 3 (trois) 31, 2013 the Nominating Committee shall nominate postes au sein du Conseil d’administration et les 2 (deux) postes sur le additional candidates. The elections results will be announced comité de nominations. Si au 31 décembre 2013, le nombre atourannualmeetingatBrockUniversity. réglementaire de candidats n’est pas atteint, le comité de mises en candidature se chargera de trouver des candidats supplémentaires. You can find a Nomination Form on the CHA’s website @ Les résultats de l’élection seront annoncés à notre Réunion annuelle à http://www.cha-shc.ca/en/Homepage_69/items/30.html. l'Université Brock. Please print and send the completed form to the Nominating Committee Chair, Dr. Donald Wright @ [email protected] or by Voustrouverezleformulairedemiseencandidatedanslesiteinternet mail at the CHA office: 130, rue Albert Street, suite 1201 de la SHC au http://www.cha-shc.ca/fr/Homepage_69/items/ Ottawa (ON) K1P 5G4, fax (613) 565-5445 or email at cha- 30.html. Veuillez faire parvenir votre mise en candidature par [email protected]. courriel, avant le 31 décembre 2013, au responsable du Comité de mises en candidature, Dr Donald Wright @ [email protected], par la poste au bureau de la SHC; 130, rue Albert, pièce 1201, Ottawa, ON K1P 5G4, télécopieur au 613 565-5445