Special Edition Introduction

Ministry to the System of of Rural Development Agricultural Research Institutions Dear reader,

During the period of the Hungarian Presidency of the Council of the European Union, the Hungarian Agricultural Research, the official publication of the Ministry of Rural Development, takes the form of a special issue introducing the system of the Hungarian research institutions in the area of agricultural and environmental sciences. On this occasion I am pleased to welcome you, the reader, and I am sure that you will find this brochure informative.

Hungary’s natural endowments, farming traditions, rich environmental and diverse geographical conditions, outstanding soil and balanced climatic characteristics provide an excellent basis for high-quality agricultural work, food-related business and environmental management. Thus, in Hungary, the environmental and societal conditions are given. Their sustainable exploitation and utilisation need to be supported by high-level, intellectual and professional based research and development work.

The framework for this is provided by the Hungarian scientific institutional network of rural development, agriculture and environment management, which has a tradition which stretches back more than two hundred years. These traditionally practice-oriented institutions have long been the citadels of Hungarian academic life and we are striving to strengthen them after the difficult period in recent years and to retain them for the future.

The following pages introduce interested readers to the diverse and multidisciplinary work of an institutional network which is based on a rich tradition and also on constant innovation, going beyond Hungary’s borders and enriching the European Union with its valuable scientific results.

I trust that you will find this publication useful and it will serve as a guide to the intellectual infrastructure and network of scientific institutions of Hungarian rural development.

Dr. Sándor FAZEKAS Budapest, 28 April 2011 Minister for Rural Development 3 Contents

I. INSTITUTIONS OF THE MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT Editor-in-Chief István Gyürk 4 Research Institute of Agricultural Economics 5 Research Institute for Animal Breeding and Nutrition 6 Forest Research Institute Technical Editor 7 Research Institute for Fisheries, Aquaculture and Irrigation János Bakk 8 Central Food Research Institute 9 Agricultural Biotechnology Center Editorial Board 10 Hungarian Institute of Agricultural Engineering Péter Biacs • Sándor Csányi 11 Institute for Small Animal Research and Co-ordination Centre for Gene Conservation László Fésüs • László E. Heszky 12 Research Centre For Agrobiodiversity Ágoston Hoschke • József Lehota János Matuz • Mária Pécsi Aladár Porpáczy • Péter Sembery II. OTHER STATE OWNED INSTITUTIONS Ferenc Vetési

13 Research Institute for Fruitgrowing and Ornamentals Publisher 14 Fruit Research Institute of Cegléd Agroinform Publishing 15 Fertőd Fruit Production Reserach and Development Non-profi t Ltd. www.agroinform.com 16 Research and Extension Centre for Fruit Growing [email protected] 17 Red Pepper Research-Development Non-profi t Ltd. H-1149 Budapest, Angol u. 34. 18 Cereal Research Non-profi t Ltd. Hungary 19 Research Institute for Vegetable Growing Co. Ltd. Editorial Offi ce Department or Mechanics and III. INSTITUTIONS OF THE MINISTRY OF NATIONAL RESOURCES Engineering Design Szent István University. Gödöllő 20 Centre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen H-2103 Gödöllő, Hungary 21 Faculty of Animal Science, University of Kaposvár 23 Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Research, Károly Róbert College HU ISSN 1216-4526 24 Agricultural and Food Sciences Research, University of West Hungary 26 Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged Photo by 27 Budapest Covinus University Gábor Szilágyi 29 Szent István University 30 Georgikon Faculty, University of Pannonia 32 Institute of Viticulture and Oenology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs

IV. INSTITUTIONS OF THE HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

33 Veterinary Medical Research Institute, HAS 34 Agricultural Research Institute, HAS 35 Plant Protection Institute, HAS 36 Research Institute for Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, HAS 37 The Geographical Research Institute, HAS 38 Centre for Regional Studies, HAS

Ministry V. OTHER INSTITUTIONS of Rural Development 39 Hungarian Diary Research Institute 39 Hungarian Meat Research Institute 40 Research Institute for Environment and Water Management 40 Hungarian Meteorological Service 41 Institute of Geodesy, Cartography and Remote Sensing 42 Research Institute for Medicinal Plants

VI. HUNGARIAN AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES IN FIGURES

43 Hungarian Agricultural Sciences in Figures hunGaRian aGRicultuRal ReseaRch 4 5

Agrárgazdasági Kutató Intézet (AKI) Állattenyésztési és Takarmányozási Kutatóintézet (ÁTK) ReseaRch institute of aGRicultuRal economics ReseaRch institute foR animal bReedinG The annual Agricultural Report pre- and nutRition Address: 1093 Budapest, pared for the Hungarian Parliament Zsil u. 3-5. and the International Agricultural Out- In the subject of nutrition, we deal with Tel.: +36 1 217 1011 look Conference attract special atten- Address: 2053 Herceghalom, preservation of feeds in order to pre- Fax: +36 1 217 7037 tion. Gesztenyés út 1. serve their nutritional values; energy E-mail: [email protected] The Institute is structured into two di- Tel.: +36 23 319 133 saving methods for desiccation; elabo- Website: www.aki.gov.hu rectorates: Directorate of Economic Fax: +36 23 319 133 ration of methods for silage produc- Analysis and Rural Development, and E-mail: [email protected] tion; improving the energy and protein The Research Institute of Agricultural the Directorate of Agricultural Policy. Website: www.atk.hu supply in dairy cows. Economics (AKI) is the most signifi - The Directorate of Economic Analy- In the fi eld of reproduction, the re- cant centre of agricultural economics sis and Rural Development deals with The predecessor to the Institute, ÁTK, search areas are: examination of the research in Hungary. It bridges the gap statistical, market and economic ques- was founded on the order of Ignácz biological value of oocytes and sper- between decision makers and farmers, tions regarding Hungarian agriculture, Darányi (Minister of Agriculture) in matozoa cells; improvement of fer- processors, distributors and universi- food industry and trade. It operates 1896. tility; early detection of pregnancy; ties; it connects Hungary with the world European Union (EU) compliant in- ÁTK carries out basic and applied re- research in the physiology of sexual and theory with practice. The Institute formation systems required by both re- search in breeding, nutrition, reproduc- performance and pregnancy; explora- collects and analyses information, per- search and practice and, with the help in the Hungarian agri-food chain, profi t tive biology and genetics on domestic tion of the reasons for embryonal and forms research and distributes the re- of these, the data requirements of the sharing amongst the stakeholders, land animal species and provides extension fetal losses; chromosomal and sper- sults it obtains through its publications. EU can also be met. The Farm Ac- market policy and competitiveness. The service activities, as well. matological tests. Endoscopic embryo The annual Agricultural Reports have countancy Data Network (FADN) al- work focuses on the analysis of the CAP The total number of employees is 69, transfer in swine can assure maximum been qualifi ed by the Parliament as be- lows appraising the position of agricul- of the EU. The Market Information Sys- including 23 academic staff members. utilization of the genetic potential of ing objective. The Institute, as a succes- ture and that of farms. It monitors the tem gathers and processes market price The Institute’s main building, the labo- superior breeding animals. sor to a number of legal predecessors, production data of about two thousand information on agricultural commodities ratories, the experimental slaughter- A new method has been developed ÁTK has always considered extension has been providing services to the Hun- small-, medium-, and large-size hold- and products. The Institute’s publica- house, milk processing unit and experi- to estimate methane emission values service work to be an important task. garian agricultural and rural sector since ings and assesses how the measures tions, describing the major market devel- mental farm (with pastures and arable on livestock units. N and P excretion The publication of the only Hungarian 1954. AKI is supervised by the Ministry of the Common Agricultural Policy opments, are used for making operative land) cover an area of 100 hectares. in pigs can be reduced by controlled scientifi c journal in the fi eld of animal of Rural Development and has a staff (CAP) are implemented and with what market regulatory decisions and provide In addition to their basic research du- feeding. breeding (Hungarian Journal of Animal of 130; one-third of which carries out impacts. The other major research fi eld the stakeholders with market informa- ties, research workers at ÁTK are work- Technologies and methods for the Production) is an important part of the research, while the rest is engaged in of the directorate is rural development. tion. The scope of such activity includes ing on various grant-supported projects objective assessment of slaughtering Institute’s publication activities. management and analysis of informa- It studies the income situation of rural processing of information, sector-specif- to provide additional income for the value in the cases of cattle and pig car- Research workers at ÁTK play impor- tion. Data acquisition, data process- areas, the state of the environment as ic revenue analyses and analyses of bal- Institute, more recently EU framework casses were elaborated and adapted. tant role in various scientifi c commit- ing, prompt analysis of information and well as how to safeguard the values of ance sheets on the fi nancial situation of 5 funds have been obtained for special In molecular genetic research, we deal tees, have close ties with the Associa- in-depth assessment of interrelations rural life. the agri-food industry. multinational projects. with gene preservation; introduction tion of Animal Breeders, and take part allow the Institute to carry out a wide The directorate participates in the The scope of the international relations Research workers at the Institute played of modern biotechnological methods; in university education, both at under- range of research activities. Through preparation of the European rural de- of the Institute has increased in recent important roles in previous years in the working with molecular genetic mark- graduate and postgraduate levels. its activities, AKI assists the practical velopment strategy and also monitors years. In addition to the OECD, World execution of national pig, sheep and ers in breeding practices; developing The Institute has scientifi c ties with sev- work of the Hungarian government and the implementation process. Bank, EU and FAO, consultations and cattle breeding programs. They con- further uses of markers, especially in eral institutions in European, Overseas provides scientifi c support to agricul- The Directorate of Agricultural Policy international projects with research in- tributed to the development of the genetic preservation programs. and Far Eastern countries. tural policymakers; at the same time, it performs research. The researchers stitutes of other Central/East European Animal Feed Codex and the new pro- aims to make its results available to the study international agricultural market countries and Member States of the EU tein evaluation system for ruminants. stakeholders in agriculture. For this rea- developments, the role of foreign capital now are organized on a regular basis. More recently, ÁTK has taken a leading son, an increasing number of readers, role in the introduction and country- including the Members of the Hungar- wide application of molecular genetic ian Parliament, farmers, interest groups, selection methods in animal breeding. international organizations, researchers, The most recent results which can be professors and students, take interest in introduced into practice are as follows: the various publications issued by the A new EU-compatible feed microbio- Institute. Such publications offer a real logical testing system has been devel- picture of the achievements of the Hun- oped and introduced (new methods garian agri-food sector, including eco- and quick fi eld tests). New results have nomic options for the sector, the infor- been obtained in using protected fats mation of which is particularly needed in ruminant nutrition. ÁTK is a mem- by the scientifi c centers of the regions, ber organization of the International universities, other research centers, Network of Feed Information Centres professional and interest groups and by (INFIC), and has developed a domes- the stakeholders in the supply chain. tic feed databank. intRoduction to the system of aGRicultuRal ReseaRch institutions institutions of the ministRy of RuRal develoPment 6 7

Erdészeti Tudományos Intézet (ERTI) Halászati és Öntözési Kutatóintézet (HAKI) foRest ReseaRch institute ReseaRch institute foR fisheRies, aQuacultuRe and iRRiGation Address: 9600 Sárvár, Várkerület 30/A. • development of water effi cient • lysimeter station; Tel.: +36 95 320 070 Address: 5540 Szarvas, and environment-friendly fi sh • experimental rice fi elds; Fax: +36 95 320 252 Anna liget 8. production systems and • agricultural environmental analytics E-mail: [email protected] Tel.: +36 66 515 300 technologies, centre, testing laboratory; Website: www.erti.hu Fax: +36 66 312 142 • multi-functional pond fi sh farming, • extension and innovation center; E-mail: [email protected] • introduction of new fi sh species and • library. The Forest Research Institute (ERTI) is Website: www.haki.hu technologies in aquaculture, a state-owned institute of long standing • aquaculture economics and The total staff of the institute is 77, the in Hungary, which deals with research Institutional fi sheries research started marketing, scientifi c staff is 23 (11 possess Ph.D. in the area of forest sciences. The In- in Hungary more than a century ago, • fi sheries in natural waters, degrees). HAKI belongs to the Min- stitute has fi ve stations throughout the when the “Royal Experimental Station • rice breeding and genetics, istry of Rural Development (MoRD), country, its research and development for Fish Physiology and Waste Purifi - • mapping of excess water hazards which provides a core fund of about activities have been carried out in fi ve cation” was established in 1906. After 30 percent of the total annual budget. scientifi c departments; our researchers several reorganizations and relocations, HAKI’s wide range of activities is sup- The remaining income derives from are highly qualifi ed and well-known. the research institute was reestablished ported by a unique complex of facilities competitive grant funds, services and The main goal of the Institute is to pro- lation to forestation and silviculture. We mental Stations. Additionally, the In- in its present location in Szarvas in 1953, that comprises the following: consultancies. In addition to national vide the scientifi c background for the have to work out adaptation strategies stitute makes an outstanding contribu- where fi sheries have a long tradition. • well-equipped research laboratories; research programs (fi nanced by e.g., forestry practice, especially in the fi elds and management methods, technolo- tion to the maintenance of forest gene The research station was upgraded • indoor experimental fi sh rearing the MoRD or the Hungarian Offi ce for of ecology, silviculture, breeding, for- gies serving the purpose of genetically collections, handles three arboreta and in the framework of an FAO/UNDP system with 200 m3 tank capacity; Research and Development), HAKI has est protection, plantation forestry and sustainable high quality timber pro- takes part in the educational activity of program between 1975 and 1980, and • pilot fi sh hatchery with broodstock successfully participated in several large economics. duction, and improve the breeding of the University of West Hungary and became an internationally acknowl- and nursery ponds; EU projects, including SustainAqua, Research can strengthen the competi- drought- tolerant varieties that are re- the University of Debrecen. edged research and training centre. • experimental fi shpond system, Eurocarp and Aquamax. tiveness and the development of the sistant to emerging biotic pests, as well. The issues get publicity in research After merging the Irrigation Research consisting of 76 small ponds; The complexity and fl exibility of its sector in two ways. On the one hand, The second priority is the improvement reports, scientifi c publications and Institute into HAKI, the institute’s name • pilot pond fi sh farming system research activities enable HAKI to as- the available intellectual and material of management methods based on professional books, sometimes at for- changed to the Research Institute for of 300 ha; sist aquaculture, fi sheries and irrigation resources should be focused on key ar- natural processes. We have to develop eign languages, too. Those, who have Fisheries, Aquaculture and Irrigation in • combined intensive-extensive experi- development programs, primarily in eas, and on the other hand, research natural silvicultural methods, and defi ne questions, can fi nd us personally or on 2000. Since then, the HAKI has been a mental fi sh pond system of 22 ha; South-East Asia. HAKI, as the coor- activities should be coordinated. The their extended fi elds of application, in different forums and conferences, in centre of excellence on fi sheries, aqua- • special fi shpond system for maintain- dinating institution of the Network of results of forest research have already order to ensure continuous forest cov- Hungary or in other countries. The In- culture and irrigation research, focusing ing the live gene bank of common Aquaculture Centres in Central and proved that, by means of sustainable erage, and the economic conditions for stitute is a member of the International on recent challenges: sustainability of carp strains and sturgeon species; Eastern Europe (NACEE), also acts as forest management, we can simultane- natural forest management should be Union of Forest Research Organiza- aquaculture and agriculture systems, • experimental fi elds for irrigation a bridge between Western and Central ously increase the value of forests, their defi ned also. tions (IUFRO) and the European For- scarcity of water; protection of the envi- research; and Eastern Europe. adaptability and their other amenities. The third priority is the research in est Institute (EFI). ronment; improvement of food security; Professionally managed forests are connection with the establishment and protection of gene reserves. Multidisci- more resistant to unfavorable environ- utilization of energy plantations. We plinary research is carried out in inter- mental impacts and provide more tim- have to improve the breeding of va- national collaboration, with research ber with improved quality. Moreover, rieties that are suitable for high-yield results then transferred to practice. such forests are more suitable for uti- energy crop plantations, which might lization in social and recreational func- be cultivated safely in light of the local The research work done here is struc- tions. The key tasks of forest research site conditions and which are resistant tured into three departments: include the investigation of the natural to diseases. It is necessary to develop 1. Aquatic Resources Management; processes, ecological relations, evolu- the proper management schedules and 2. Fish Biology and tion and growth in order to determine exact technologies for short rotation 3. Aquaculture Systems. the proper ways of disturbance. Ac- energy plantations, to assess and miti- The three departments stand in close cordingly, ERTI has three main priori- gate the plantation health issues in re- cooperation in the implementation of ties in its research activity. lation to sustainability, the optimization the following main research fi elds: The fi rst priority is climate change. The of solid biomass product line and the • fi sh genetics, and maintenance of live task is to assess the impacts of climate economical preparation of investment and cryopreserved ex-situ fi sh gene change on the environment and on the decisions. banks, management of a forest and then to The ERTI carries out its observations • fi sh nutrition physiology and feeding, elaborate the silvicultural alternatives and long term experiments in the for- • prevention and treatment of fi sh dis- for the forest’s mitigation. The carbon ests, in its experimental nursery, and in eases, budget of the forests should be ana- its ecological, mycological and genetic • structure and function of aquatic lyzed, and we have to investigate its re- laboratories operating at its Experi- ecosystems, intRoduction to the system of aGRicultuRal ReseaRch institutions institutions of the ministRy of RuRal develoPment 8 9

Központi Élelmiszer-tudományi Kutatóintézet (KÉKI) Mezőgazdasági Biotechnológiai Kutatóközpont (MBK) centRal food ReseaRch institute aGRicultuRal biotechnoloGy centeR (abc) technologies on enlarged scale to Address: 1022 Budapest, produce N-fi xing and P-solubilizing Address: 2100 Gödöllő, Herman Ottó út 15. bacteria) made possible the produc- Szent-Györgyi Albert u. 4. Tel.: +36 1 355 8991 tion of more competitive products. Tel.: +36 28 526 149 Fax: +36 1 355 8928 • Our research results concerning con- Fax: +36 28 526 101 E-mail: [email protected] sumer risk perception and consumer E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.cfri.hu acceptance, and additionally on the Website: www.abc.hu adaptation and dissemination of the The tasks of the Central Food Re- attitudes towards consumer protec- The Agricultural Biotechnology Center search Institute – as one of the research tion and healthy nutrition have sup- (ABC) was founded in 1986, based institutes of the Ministry of Rural De- ported the work of decision makers. upon the realization that biotechnology velopment – include research and de- Within the supplementary tasks of the and its application are the key factors velopment activities, based on fi nancial Central Food Research Institute, it has determining the future competitiveness support from the Ministry of Rural De- to be mentioned that there are also na- of Hungarian agriculture. The center velopment and won through successful tional heritage protection duties at the deals with biotechnology research and national and international projects. Tocsva wine-cellar settlement and viti- development for an environmentally The basic research areas of the insti- culture activities in the region of Tarcal. sound Hungarian agriculture and par- tute include food science and technol- A signifi cant part of our research results ticipates in the training of biotechnolo- ogy and development activities. There is due to bilateral intergovernmental gists and the coordination of biotech- are two departments to carry out the cooperation (Science and Technology) nology research activities. tasks of the institute: the Food Safety and to the outstanding participation ABC is the largest institute supervised Department (Analytical Unit, Biologi- within the European Union Research, by the Hungarian Ministry of Rural De- well as the implementation and utiliza- food plants: potato, cereals, legumes cal Unit and Microbiological Unit) and Technology Development and Dem- velopment, with XXX employees, XX tion of results. and vegetables like beans, maize and the Food Technology Department onstration Framework Programmes, of which belong to the scientifi c staff, ABC works to meet the challenges of the ‘Hungaricum’ paprika) and the spe- (Unit of Food Industrial Environment EU FP6 and FP7 (Trace, HEALTH- The educational role of the Central including graduate students in various modern agriculture in the fi elds of plant cial nutritional and medical aspects of Protection, Unit of Food Economy and GRAIN, NovelQ, BRAFO, Q-Pork- Food Research Institute is especially PhD programs and visiting scientists and animal biotechnology, applying livestock and laboratory animals. Quality, Unit of Technology, Tarcal chains; FACET, GMSAFOOD, important, because of the university de- from European and other countries. genetic breeding, molecular biology, Our research teams are involved in and Tolcsva). DREAM, HighTech Europe). partments established at this institute. The institute has state of the art tech- tissue culture and in vitro manipulation several projects supported by national Our results are presented at research There is an intensive cooperation with nical facilities, with an total laboratory technologies. R&D funds and successfully participate the direct practical utilization of the seminars at the institute, scientifi c sym- several universities. The scientifi cally area of 4,000 m2, greenhouses and The research groups of the institute in multilateral cooperative projects and research work is demonstrated by the posia, and scientifi c colloquia, among qualifi ed colleagues of the Institute houses for small laboratory animals. study in their selected fi elds the mo- the EU Framework Programs. Partnered following results: others, as well as national and interna- regularly participate in Ph.D. programs, The research activity of ABC focuses lecular mechanisms involved in plant by leading scientifi c research and edu- • The allergen detection methodology tional scientifi c events and at confer- tertiary and postgraduate education. on the molecular aspects of plant and parasite interactions, abiotic and biotic cational institutes, collaborative projects in food has been improved through ences. The Institute publishes profes- Food safety, food technology, consum- animal development, breeding and stress resistance, work on quality and with international partners represent an the development of new allergen sional publications and also participates er sciences and environmental activities modern environmental technologies, as quantity improving complying with important part of the research activity. markers. in the editorial boards of scientifi c jour- will remain the main research and de- the requirements, including the devel- Based on the concept of the Founda- • Food safety of fruits and vegetables nals (Acta Alimentaria, Food Science velopment areas at the Central Food opment of species tolerant or multi- tion Letter of the institute, ABC en- has also been improved due to the Technology). Research Institute in the future. resistant against different pathogens courages the implementation of sci- detection of pathological microbes (such as viruses, bacteria, nematodes entifi c results and the utilization of its on raw fruits and germinating seeds. and insects) and abiotic factors (such intellectual property benefi ts and has • It is possible to predict mycotoxin as drought, low/high temperature, played initiative role in establishing contamination on the basis of the high-level subsoil water, increased knowledge-based spin-off companies modeling of mould reproduction. salt or metal content). With the help in Hungary. Today there are three en- New plant varieties with favorable of comparative genetic mapping and terprises hosted by the institute which features have been selected, based engineering and the use of molecular serve DNA sequencing and GMO on target-oriented data collection marker technology, developed gene- analytics by the Biomi Ltd., provide and on the determination of the pro- technology systems and bioinformatics, immunodiagnostics of toxins and an- fi les of bioactive compounds present they elaborate innovative techniques tibiotics in food and feed by the Soft in fruit and vegetables. and transformation methods. Animal Flow Biotechnology Ltd., and develops • The development of new innovative, biology projects are aimed at creating composite soil inoculation products by environment protecting and energy transgenic animal models to analyze the Saniplant Ltd. saving food technologies (for exam- specifi c gene expressions and nuclear The Agricultural Biotechnology Center ple PEF, micro-wave vacuum drying, transfer techniques, studying the role welcomes international and national extraction technologies, technolo- of livestock genes in milk composition meetings and workshops, and regu- gies for the utilization of plant raw and production. The areas of research larly hosts training and educational materials and wastes, fermentation cover the most strategic cultivars (vital programs. intRoduction to the system of aGRicultuRal ReseaRch institutions institutions of the ministRy of RuRal develoPment 10 11

Mezőgazdasági Gépesítési Intézet (MGI) Kisállattenyésztési Kutatóintézet és Génmegőrzési Koordinációs Központ (KÁTKI) hunGaRian institute of aGRicultuRal enGineeRinG institute foR small animal ReseaRch and In 2006, the Institute’s remote sensing We will also work to substantiate pro- co-oRdination centRe foR Gene conseRvation Address: 2100 Gödöllő, apparatus was enhanced by the addi- duction, processing and logistic activi- Tessedik Sámuel u. 4. tion of a new high-technology device ties in terms of technology and infor- to protect local Hungarian farm ani- physiology), and applied research Address: 2100 Gödöllő, Tel.: +36 28 511 601 for land husbandry. Our Institute, with mation science. mal breeds, and to support the local in the fi elds of small animal produc- Isaszegi út 200. Fax: +36 28 511 600 EU support, purchased an aerial “AISA breeding associations. tion, environmental sustainability and +36 28 511 301 E-mail: [email protected] DUAL” type hyperspectral imaging dissemination of research results Tel.: • Elaboration and organization of na- ecological type agriculture (animal +36 28 430 184 Website: www.gmgi.hu sensor that can produce pictures in the Our aim is to reach every single agri- Fax: tional programs to protect and utilize breeding, farming systems, manage- 400-2500 nm spectral range and pro- cultural producer with our latest re- E-mail: [email protected] local Hungarian farm animal breeds, ment and nutrition). The predecessor of the Institute, The vides new possibilities for Hungarian sults and with our recommendations. Website: www.katki.hu propagation and distribution of bre- • Research and development in the Magyaróvár Hungarian Royal Unit remote sensing practice in the fi elds Operating as an agricultural technical eding animals. characterization and utilization for of Machine Testing, was established of agriculture and environmental eco- advisory centre, we organize numerous Founded in Gödöllő in 1897, KATKI • Performance of all duties in the co- production purposes of gene bank in 1869, with the aim of assisting the nomics. professional programs and shows and is one of Hungary’s oldest agricultural ordination of gene conservation, in- stocks, elaboration of “Hungaricum” equipping of the nation’s agriculture we publish a number of publications: institutions. Predecessors of the Insti- cluding local gene banks, gene pro- products. with machinery. Strategic aim: The re- the planned program Reports regarding results of machine tute are the Hungarian Royal Poultry tection, on farm gene conservation • Field studies in the Carpathian basin alization of sustainable, marketing-con- Technical and technological substan- testing �Technological tests on recom- Breeding Centre and the Apicultural and gene rescue, as well as organi- and in other international activities to scious rural development through the tiation of safe food production and mended systems of machines �The Centre, founded in 1897 and 1899, re- zational co-ordination between au- search for, characterize and utilize lo- enlargement of environmental resourc- safety will be improved. To prepare the monthly periodical “Agricultural Engi- spectively. Supervised by the Minis- thorities and breeding organizations, cal farm animal breeds, as well as to es. Tactic aims: Cooperating with other technical conditions, develop competi- neering � “Hungarian Agricultural En- try of Agriculture, the two institutions breeders and producers, serving as a set up new gene bank stocks. professional areas in the conducting of tive technologies, establish the function gineering”, an English language pub- formed the Research Institute for Small background institution for the Minis- • Research and Development. research programs and developments of market-conscious production and lication of our research results �The Animal Breeding (KÁTKI) founded try of Rural Development. with the use of valuable information the logistical background will require “Studies in Agricultural Mechanization” in 1952, with Poultry-, Rabbit and Fur educational activities in machine research and the measure- solutions to signifi cant research tasks. MGI Books– new series of books for re- Animal-, Fish- and Honeybee Breed- breed protection and gene bank • Graduate and postgraduate training ments of rural lands and of the environ- Research and development in bioener- searchers and producers. ing Departments. Following several activities under the auspices of external de- ment, which result in competitive goods getics will be highlighted. Effi ciency bi- our membership in important reorganizations, KATKI became an in- • Preservation, development and man- partments of universities. and services and contribute to the suc- omass-based energy production will be international organizations: dependent institute again in 2010, with agement of in vivo and in vitro Hun- • Elaboration, maintenance and opera- cessfulness of rural areas. Quick and improved in the case of fi rst generation • ENTAM (European Network a signifi cant expansion in the scope of garian poultry gene banks, organiza- tion of training farms and shops. effi cient provision of technological in- biofuels and the development of pro- for Testing of Agricultural its activity, under the name Institute for tion and supervision of the Hungarian • Extension work in breed protection, formation to farmers and stakeholders. duction technology. The production Machines), Small Animal Research and Co-ordina- poultry gene bank network. gene conservation and management MGI have several accredited laborato- of the second generation of biofuels • EurAgEng (European Agricultural tion Centre for Gene Conservation. Its • Development and management of of endangered farm animal breeds, ries: the agricultural fi eld testing labora- will be researched in cooperation with Engineering Association), main tasks cover the conservation and the central gene bank stock of the participation in organization of hon- tory, the energetic examination labora- foreign institutes. Development in en- • CEE-AgEng (Network of Central sustainable utilization of traditional ani- Krainian honeybee (Apis mellifera eybee breeding and production. tory and the plant protection machine vironment technology will be increased. and Eastern European Institutes of mal breeds of the Carpathian basin, the carnica), the only local variant in the • Editing and publishing scientifi c and examination laboratory. Our activities Research of technological systems and AgEng), related research and education activi- Carpathian basin. educational publications. are regulated and made synoptic by monitoring solutions for effective envi- • ENGAGE (European Network ties, and the gene bank work covering • Development and management of • Introduce and strengthen the interna- the quality assurance system ISO 9001, ronment protection will be cultivated, of Engineering for Agriculture and the most threatened domestic animal stocks of highly threatened, local tional role of Hungarian farm animal audited by TÜV Rheinland. which are suitable for synchronizing ag- Environment), breeds, including its famous Hungarian farm animal breeds, for gene bank gene conservation, organize bilateral We aim to facilitate and encourage vari- ricultural production with environmen- • ISHS (International Horticultural poultry breed collection. and educational purposes. or multilateral co-operations in gene ous innovation processes. Our achieve- tal issues and methods for the assess- Association). Chief current and planned activities of conservation. ments have been acknowledged by the ment of conditions and remote sensing. Our Institute has professional connec- KATKI are as follows: Research, development and • Operation of historical collections Agricultural Innovation Awards in the Interventions increasing the strength of tions with about 50 institutions all over innovation and museums, related to the activi- years 2002, 2004 and 2005. the rural economy will be focused on. the world. co-ordination activities • Basic research in conservation biol- ties of the Centre. • Local and international organization ogy and small animal breeding (ge- of gene conservation and breeding netics, reproduction biology and

intRoduction to the system of aGRicultuRal ReseaRch institutions institutions of the ministRy of RuRal develoPment 12 13

Növényi Diverzitás Központ (NÖDIK) Állami Gyümölcs- és Dísznövénytermesztési Kutató-Fejlesztő Közhasznú Nonprofi t Kft. ReseaRch centRe foR aGRobiodiveRsity ReseaRch institute foR fRuitGRowinG and oRnamentals • Documentation of passport and In addition to its main activities, a fi ve The Institute maintains the national Address: 2766 Tápiószele, evaluation data for PGR collections year project (Establishment of the Pan- Address: 1223 Budapest, Growing Site Cadastre, providing de- Külsőmező 15. in Hungary (National Inventory, Na- non Seed Bank for the long-term ex Park u. 2. tails on plot level, making it possible to Tel.: +36 53 380 070 tional Database); situ conservation of Hungarian vascu- Tel.: +36 1 362 1596 evaluate the suitability of a site for new Fax: +36 53 380 072 • Medium and long-term conservation lar wild plants) was established in 2010 Fax: +36 1 362 1573 plantations. On this basis, any fruit spe- E-mail: [email protected] of seed samples in cold stores and the with fi nancial support of the LIFE+ EU E-mail: [email protected] cies can be planted into an ecological Website: www.rcat.hu use of “in vitro” cultures in the case of program and the Hungarian Ministry of Website: www.resinfru.hu optimum, suiting EU criteria. vegetatively propagated species; Rural Development. The coordinating Our breeding and hybrid plantations, The predecessor of the Research Cen- • Long-term conservation of Hungar- benefi ciary of the project is the RCAT, The most important research fi elds of fruit gene bank, and our virus-free tre for Agrobiodiversity was established ian National Base Collection of seed- and the associated benefi ciaries are the the Institute are sweet and sour cherry Central Stock Plantations can be found in Tápiószele by Lajos Szelényi’s Agri- propagated species; Institute of Ecology and Botany of the breeding. The Institute aims to provide on the Institute’s Experimental Farm growing is safer than that of traditional cultural and Educational Foundation in • Distribution of seed samples togeth- Hungarian Academy of Sciences and growers with new, disease resistant or at Érd-Elvira. Orchard system trials varieties. More than 100 novel annual the second half of the 19th century. Af- er with relevant information to users the Aggtelek National Park. tolerant market varieties, which satisfy are set up here to help sweet and sour ornamental varieties were bred at the ter the Second World War, the Foun- in Hungary and world-wide, under The main goal of this project is the the demands of the market and allow cherry and walnut varieties bred by the Department of Ornamentals. Numer- dation’s properties were incorporated the conditions set up by the FAO In- long-term seed preservation of the wild the use of environmentally-friendly Institute to spread in Hungarian and ous ornamental varieties were honored into a State Farm. ternational Treaty (ITPGRFA); vascular fl ora of the Pannonian bio- growing technology. global horticultural practice. by important European and American The fi rst centralized variety collec- • Technical co-ordination of the Na- geographical region. The project aims The breeding of annual ornamentals - The Institute’s nursery produces a great organizations. tion of various seed propagated crops tional Plant Genetic Resources Pro- to achieve this goal through expand- garden fl owers - aims to produce new number of grafted trees from tradi- The Institute has scientifi c coopera- was established at Tápiószele in 1950, gram, and secretarial support for the ing the current functions of the world’s cultivars adapted well to the droughty tional and novel varieties, supplying tion with all parts of the world. We and the nation-wide responsibility was Plant Gene Bank Council; 13th largest agricultural gene bank, the continental climate of Hungary. Our high quality, virus free planting material have built scientifi c relationships with taken over by the National Institute for • Agro-botanical research and training Research Centre for Agrobiodiversity, Rosarium hosts the most important col- year-round. most of the important European Agrobotany in 1958. These collections concerning crop species of general which has more than fi fty years of expe- lection of rose varieties in Hungary, en- Among our most important results are fruit growing countries, the United were further developed by collecting and local importance; rience in the conservation of agricultur- compassing 2.5 ha and containing 1,300 89 own bred fruit varieties, certifi ed by States of America, Chile, the Repub- missions and seed exchange, the results • Biochemical, resistance and morpho- al genetic resources. The establishment accessions. the state, among them 5 varieties un- lic of South Africa, Australia, Japan of which are still being used in agrobo- metric analyses for assessing the ge- of a joint seed bank for agricultural As a member of the International Plant der Hungarian and 9 varieties under and the People’s Republic of China. tanical, biochemical, cytological and netic value of collected accessions; and wild fl ora would be a unique and Genetic Resources group (IPGRI), the European patent protection. 50 % of We have strong ties with Hungarian genetic research. • Participation in the European PGR demonstrative example worldwide. Institute maintains and evaluates 2,200 sour cherry cultivars and 100 % of wal- higher education; we are an external (ECP/GR) program; It is planned that, by the end of the accessions of temperate tree fruits spe- nut varieties on the Hungarian National department of Corvinus University Rcat has the following main project, approximately 50 percent – at cies in its gene bank orchard for the Variety List were bred in our Institute. of Budapest’s Horticultural Science responsibilities: The RCAT collaborates with several least 4,000 seed samples of 800 spe- sake of biodiversity. The most impor- The ripening period of novel sweet Faculty. Our researchers take part in • Exploration and collection of seed hundred institutes in the 42 member cies from the wild native fl ora - will be tant of these include the ex-situ collec- cherry cultivars with EU patents takes postgraduate education and Doctoral propagated crops with special em- states of ECPGR and worldwide. The collected and preserved in medium and tion of stone fruit and shell fruit species. 2 months. The earliest is the Rita® fol- Schools. We have good relationships phasis on Hungarian material; number of unique accessions is over 56 long term storage. Virus elimination in novel cultivar prop- lowed by Carmen®, Petrus®, Annus®, with professional organizations. Our • Multiplication and regeneration of 000, and more than 86 000 samples agation material and the maintenance Vera®, Paulus®, Aida® and Axel®. ‘Day of Open Doors’ in our sweet and accessions to obtain suffi cient quanti- have been distributed for users in Hun- of the Nuclear Stock Plantation have There are more self-fertile varieties sour cherry, walnut, and ornamentals ties of high quality seeds for medium gary and abroad. The RCAT possesses been ongoing activities for many years. among our cultivars that can be grown programs are organized every year and long-term conservation, evalua- the basic infrastructures required for its There are 250 scion, rootstock and cul- safely without a pollinator. The mar- for growers and specialists, during tion and distribution; gene bank activities. These include 150 tivars on open ground under isolating ket value of our novel walnut varieties which we give visitors advice, as well as • Characterization and evaluation of ha arable land, laboratories for taxono- nets that provide virus-free basic mate- bearing lateral buds is higher and their present our new research results. Plant Genetic Resources (PGR) col- my, seed testing, seed processing, seed rial for the country’s nurseries. lections according to standard de- drying, cold storage cabinets a deep Micro-propagation of fruit species scriptor lists; freezers. and their rootstocks, as well as forestry plants, is performed in the Institute’s microbiological laboratory. The possibil- ity of using symbiotic mycorrhiza fungi is also studied here, in cooperation with researchers from various scientifi c fi elds. In the fi eld of plant protection, re- searchers work on the development of environmentally- friendly integrated plant protection systems of novel bred cultivars of stone and shell fruit species. Another research fi eld is the investiga- tion of the biological development of apple fruit, biology and the technology of apple storage. intRoduction to the system of aGRicultuRal ReseaRch institutions otheR state owned institutions 14 15

Ceglédi Gyümölcstermesztési Kutató-Fejlesztő Intézet Nonprofi t Közhasznú Kft. Fertődi Gyümölcstermesztési Kutató- Fejlesztő Nonprofi t Közhasznú Kft. fRuit ReseaRch institute of ceGléd feRtŐd fRuit PRoduction ReseRach and develoPment non-PRofit ltd. Address: 2700 Cegléd, Szolnoki út 52. yield stability and fruit quality. The previously introduced varieties further Tel.: +36 53 505 380 Address: 9435 Sarród, varieties of berry we have introduced promising ones have been nominated Fax: +36 53 505 399 Kossuth L. utca 57. are among the best yielding plants in- for introduction (Julcsi, Dorka raspber- E-mail: [email protected] Tel.: +36 99 537 095 volved in experiments in the various ry, Dorottya black currant varieties). Website: www.cefrucht.hu Fax: +36 99 370 930 production areas of the country. The Breeding berry fruit plants nowadays E-mail: [email protected] second goal of our breeding program is requires biotechnological methods For more than 60 years, the Fruit Cul- Website: www.gykut.hu yield stability. Most berry varieties that rather than traditional ones. The insti- ture Research Institute at Cegléd has are grown at present can only be grown tute is taking part in several biotechno- been one of the Hungarian driving forc- The fi rst predecessor of the research successfully by intensifi ed plant pro- logical research projects. Our physiol- es behind fruit variety research and de- institute is considered to be the Ester- tection, but with unfavorable weather ogy laboratory has become a centre velopment, and has garnered interna- házy plant breeding plantation, found- conditions, signifi cant yield loss is to of hormone-physiological research tional acknowledgement for its results. ed in 1910. The present profi le of the be expected. In the breeding process projects in Hungary. A great achieve- Demand for and interest in fruit re- company was developed in the Seven- on resistance, varieties of complex re- ment of the previous year’s research search can be traced back to 1846 - the ties, the main task of which includes sistance are to be produced, which can work includes the detection of the in- year the decision to establish an insti- breeding and introducing berry plants, be fi tted into integrated plant protec- vitro fl owering enhancing capacity of tute in Cegléd was made. During the maintaining their biological bases and tion technology and can be protected ethylene inhibitors. The results in the period from 1847-1852, the original Mr. István Skola, Researcher, rootstock virus-free propagation through the producing basic propagation material. effectively by using fewer pesticides. laboratories were achieved by research plans were fulfi lled and the institute be- research, growing technologies; development of micro-propagation Throughout the company’s history, Good results have been achieved with work on embryo-cultures, mutants came a reality. After several restructur- Development staff technologies (in vitro) suitable for several varieties have been replaced cane blight resistant raspberries, leaf and polyploid. The institute maintains ings, the research institute has been in Mr. Gábor Pap, Head gardener of stone fruits. with varieties bred or introduced in decease and bud-acarid resistant black key plantations, producing virus-free, operation in its present form since 1950. production, is active in the growing of The main strategy of our institute is to Fertőd and which were later placed currants. The third aim of breeding in- variety-specifi c reproduction mate- The principal research and develop- virus-free propagation stock; promote healthy and safe nutrition, as into production. Nationwide main vari- cludes the improvement of fruit qual- rial with EU-conform certifi cation. ment activities are: apricot, plum and Miss. Erzsébet Mózes, Virologist, is ac- related to fruit consumption. Several of eties now include the Fertődi zamatos ity, its suitability for processing and Genetic preservation is a priority in our rootstock variety research - breeding, tive in virus testing and registration. our projects and co-operative efforts (aromatic) raspberry. Varieties bred in market value. The raspberry variety company; therefore, the Research and naturalization, selection, performance- There are 3 assistants and 6 skilled and are based on this target. Fertőd today provide the basic assort- Fertődi zamatos (aromatic) is one of Development Company maintains and analysis, adaptability- and stress obser- unskilled workers who also help with Our scientifi c achievements over the ment of berry fruits in Hungary. Over the best “rolling” varieties among the preserves genetically important berry vation of fruit varieties. the research. last half century demonstrate the the past 10 years, four raspberry vari- fi rm and very aromatic types. A new species, varieties and variations. The The institute of Cegléd maintains The research fellows of the truth of Prof. Mátyás Mohácsy’ s eties (Dorka, Fertődi Venus, Fertődi category of quality is represented by Company preserves the national pear Hungarian stone-fruit stock plants and institute take part in domestic and statement, which was recorded in zenit and Julcsi) and Dorottya, a cur- the fruit of the wild-selected and arti- gene bank, as well. We have research mother trees designated for propaga- foreign scientifi c life, and fellows our visitor’s register when he visited rant variety, have been introduced in fi cially crossed varieties, in addition to projects with different foreign institu- tion and a gene bank for apricot and from foreign research institutes also Cegléd on April 11, 1957. Prof. Mo- Hungary. The goal of our breeding the elder variety, which was collected tions, which allow the transfer of infor- plum varieties, as well. visit our institute in great numbers. hácsy was an outstanding personality in projects is to improve productivity, from wild plant species. In addition to mation and plant materials. By introducing several new varieties, We support the next generation Hungarian fruit growing. the institute of Cegléd has assisted in of gardeners with practical and theo- promoting the acknowledgement of retical courses and by consulting on He wrote: Hungarian fruit. PhD. and diploma theses. Through “Research is fundamental for more On the basis of our strenuous breeding publications, specialist books, lectures and better fruit production” and naturalization activities, approxi- and reviews, our scientifi c results are mately 20 new apricot, 8 new plum and introduced to the growers. 18 new rootstock varieties have been Our extension service focuses on developed by the inspirational re- choosing fruit growing sites, variety searchers here in Cegléd. combinations and rootstocks, and we The research fellows of the Fruit Cul- also try to help to prevent frost dam- ture Research Institute in Cegléd, and age and achieving regular cropping their main fi elds of activity, include: (thinning). Researchers The research institute has got impor- Mr. Dr. Zoltán Erdős, Director, root- tant international contacts, too. We are stock research, preservation of apricot also continuously testing our varieties and plum varieties; in different regions of Europe: Austria, Miss. Dr. Mária Magdolna Kerek, Senior the Czech Republic, France, Germany, research fellow, apricot variety research; Italy, Romania, Switzerland and in Chi- Mr. Dr. Dezső Surányi, Senior research na, Iran and the USA, as well. fellow, plum variety research, fl ower bi- One of our special research targets is ology; the safe and effi cient production of intRoduction to the system of aGRicultuRal ReseaRch institutions otheR state owned institutions 16 17

Újfehértói Gyümölcstermesztési Kutató és Szaktanácsadó Nonprofit Közhasznú Kft. Fűszerpaprika Kutató Fejlesztő Nonprofit Kft. Research and Extension Centre for Fruit Growing Red Pepper Research-Development Non-profit Ltd. elaborating fertigation techniques for stitute’s Red Pepper Research Station, tion ability, resistance to the dominant Address: 4244 Újfehértó, young apple orchards, Address: 6300 Kalocsa, since 1971, and have continuously run causative agents as well as growth secu- Vadastag 2., • use of a feathering agent in young Obermayer tér 9. under their predecessors’ names. As an rity. As a result of the resistant breeding Tel.: +36 42 290 822 apple trees to improve canopy devel- Tel.: +36 78 461 055 independent legal entity, the research project conducted in 1992, we produced Fax: +36 42 291 359 opment, Fax: +36 78 462 191 site has operated since the 31st Decem- a bacteria-resistant paprika variety. E-mail: [email protected] • manual and chemical fruit thinning in E-mail: [email protected] ber 1997 as the Red Pepper Research- Seventeen invariants produced by our Website: www.ujfehertokutato.hu mature apple orchards, Website: www.fuszerpaprikakutato.hu Development Co. Ltd. after the trans- company, as well as 5 hybrid types, pro- • investigation of frost- and drought formation of the Vegetable Growing vide a wide choice to the varieties of History damage of apple trees, The Kalocsai Paprika and Chemical Re- Research Institute Ltd.. grown Hungarian paprika, of which po- The Centre was founded in 1949 as • Frigocur; a chemical product to in- search Station was established in 1917 After this institution was altered into tential pigmentation is 300-350 ASTA the Research Station of the Horti- crease the cropping potential of ap- and the Szeged Paprika and Chemical a public utility company on 30th June with the capsaicin content of 300-1000 cultural Research Institute. Over the ple trees, Research Station was set up in 1927, in 2000, it has been working under the mg/kg (4800 – 16000 Scoville Units). past six decades, the Research Station • developing plant protection strate- the two paprika growing regions of the name Red Pepper Research-Develop- In addition to producing new varieties, had been working in several structural gies against fire blight, country, with the mission to conduct ment Public Benefic Company. our main task is to provide Hungarian forms. Presently, it has been operat- • introducing integrated and organic • guidance in compiling applications to the chemical analyses of the increas- There was another change in the name, paprika growers and the processing ing as a non-profit organization since fruit production technology in com- obtain financial aid for development ingly exported red pepper powder and to Red Pepper Research Development plants with highly vigorous, pure-bred, 2009. The Research Station is situated mercial apple farming, programs, to provide red pepper with quality cer- Nonprofit Public Ltd. – abbreviated as state controlled seed grains. in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County, • development of integrated fruit pro- • advisory service for the planning and tification. In addition to these activities, Red Pepper Nonprofit Ltd., since 1st Regarding the modern varieties, we in northeastern Hungary, which is the duction technology for sour cherry establishing of new orchards, their fundamental duty is plant breeding July 2009. have developed a suitable growing largest fruit growing region in the coun- production. • personal technical advisory service to and to supply farmers with bred seeds. The pigment content of red pepper is technology according to customer de- try. It is obvious that cultivars and pro- • developing biocontrol methods local growers. Nonetheless, the chief activity of the very high, due to the unique ecological mand in the areas of nutrient and wa- duction technologies must be adapted based on entomopathogenic nema- company is professional production, capability of Hungary – soil and micro- ter supply, plant protection and plant to the natural and economic environ- todes against soil-dwelling pests (e.g. Providing services to fruit growers and to provide farmers with expertise climate – and the pepper powder is the density. ment of any given region. Based on the Melolontha sp.), and other participants of the fruit in the field of processing, as well as to preeminent spice of Hungarian cuisine Harnessing the results of our research, traditions of fruit production in this part • maintaining entomopathogenic nem- industry: educate them with the help of technical because of its flavor and fragrance. It is the company produces a special red of Hungary, the research activity of atode and entomopathogenic bacte- • service provider for the Smart- publications, so that these two special also a special Hungarian export com- pepper powder under the “Rubin” the Research Station has always been ria strain collection, FreshSM Quality System, territories can produce higher quality modity, known in today’s jargon as a brand name in the reference plant, focused on apple and sour cherry pro- • Developing up-to-date, energy • development plans for growers par- and more exportable end-products. ‘Hungaricum’. operating according to ISO 9001 and duction. The second, yet no less impor- saving and cost effective storage ticipating in the Agri-Environmental These two research areas have been Therefore, our most important duty is HACCP standards. This product re- tant function of the Research Station techniques for apples based on the Management Program operating as one organization; namely, to produce new varieties in view of the ceived the trademark label: Finest Hun- is its comprehensive extension service, SmartFreshSM Quality System. the Vegetable Growing Research In- high pigment content, early produc- garian Food. covering other counties and other fruit International relations species, as well. Extension service The Czech Republic, Holovousy: Re- Introducing results of research search and Breeding Institute of Pomol- Research activity in the practice of fruit production: ogy (Blazek J.); Poland, Skierniewice: Research concerning cultivars • organizing annual technical courses Research Institute of Pomology (Basak of pome fruits: for commercial orchard owners, A., Sobiczewski P.), Warsaw: AgroF- • introducing new apple cultivars resist- • publication of technical handbooks, resh Polska (Badowski P., Paradowski ant to apple scab, powdery mildew monographs and periodicals, A); Slovenia, University of Ljubljana and fire blight, • publishing technical info sheets. (Trdan S., Laznik Z.); USA, NY Ithaca: • preservation breeding of apple culti- Cornell University (Merwin I., Rosen- vars, Participating in investments berger D.). WA Wenatchee, Washing- • establishment and maintenance of in fruit production: ton State University (Smith T.). apple, pear, quince and medlar gene banks.

Research dealing with cultivars of other fruit species: • selecting self-pollinating sour cherry cultivars with fruits of high quality, • breeding and introduction of new gooseberry cultivars from abroad.

Research and development in production technology: • specification of water use of trees and

Introduction to the System of Agricultural Research Institutions Other State Owned Institutions 18 19

Gabonakutató Közhasznú Kft. (GK) Zöldségtermesztési Kutató Intézet Zrt. (ZKI) ceReal ReseaRch non-PRofit ltd. ReseaRch institute foR veGetable GRowinG co. ltd. triticale, rye, oats, sunfl ower, linseed, Address: 6726 Szeged, winter rapeseed, corn (grain and silage), Address: 6000 Kecskemét Alsó Kikötő sor 9. grain and silage sorghum, Sudan grass, Mészöly Gyula u. 6. Tel.: +36 62 435 235 soybean, red clover, millet, buckwheat, Tel.: +36 76 481 329 Fax: +36 62 434 163 Hungarian millet. Certain research ar- Fax: +36 76 507 372 E-mail: [email protected] eas are of crucial importance within the E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.gabonakutato.hu scope of these activities, such as breed- Website: www.zki.hu ing for resistance to diseases, analysis of The Cereal Research Non-Profi t Ltd. the relation between qualitative traits, The National Horticultural Station at Company, keeping the line of its legal the question of herbicide application Kecskemét, the legal predecessor of predecessors, has been the most im- and environmental protection or the ZKI, was established in 1943. During portant research company for breed- enhancement of conventional breeding its nearly 70 year-long history, ZKI Zrt. ing and research in the crop produc- work on the basis of the results of bio- has always been the most important tion technology of cereals, oil and technological experimentation. base for Hungarian vegetable crop re- protein crops in Hungary since 1924. The company currently has 180 plant search and Hungarian vegetable crop The breeding work is performed in a varieties registered in Hungary and breeding. From the mid-1990s on, ZKI proper integration mode at the com- 90 varieties registered in 23 foreign has taken over seed production and pany headquarters in Szeged, at the countries, the total growing area on distribution of varieties bred by the In- research station in Táplánszentkereszt, which these varieties is grown covers nutritive value, quality and food safety. stitute, and has become a real vegeta- and at an additional three research sites approximately one million hectares In addition to the regular analysis of the ble seed-fi rm with a strong, own breed- (Kiszombor, Fülöpszállás and Kiskun- annually. The seeds of GK plant vari- quality of fl our, protein and oil, an up- ing program. Following substantial dorozsma). These locations represent eties are usually accompanied by crop to-date laboratory has been equipped streamlining driven by market possibili- for the canning and freezing industries. breeding are to develop disease-re- various climatic conditions, soil types production guides to enable the farm- to investigate the toxin content of ties and requirements, ZKI is currently All of them are resistant to Fusarium sistant varieties of the parthenocarpic, and other environmental factors found ers to grow the varieties most success- grains infected with Fusarium. Patients involved in the breeding of 7 signifi cant wilt, the newly released late varieties re- spined pickling type. in Hungary. The breeding work and fully. Wheat, triticale, grain sorghum, suffering from celiac disease, PKU, re- vegetable crops for professional grow- sistant to powdery mildew. The newest Green beans: Recently released were the selection at these locations have soybean, linseed are the GK cultivars, nal failure or diabetes can rely on the ers and processing industries. However, early varieties have good tolerance to a fi ne green podded and a yellow allowed the improvement of plant va- the seeds of which are grown to deci- dietetic food developed and manufac- as a result of previous breeding activi- downy mildew; we are close to release large podded variety for industrial use. rieties with broad adaptability and top sive ratios domestically. Wheat, win- tured at the company. Buckwheat and ties, there are currently over 200 varie- a real resistant variety to this disease. Breeding mainly aims at the wax (yel- quality seed production. Field trials and ter rapeseed and corn are increasingly soybean breeding have also been moti- ties from a total of 23 vegetable crop In addition to disease resistances, the low pods) bush type with long round breeder’s seed multiplication can be ac- popular in neighboring countries, such vated by focusing on healthy food. species on offer in ZKI catalogues for main priorities of pea breeding are high straight pods, deep uniform pod color- complished on 2,000 hectares of land as Romania and Slovakia. The demand The scientifi c and research work of 60 home gardens. and constant yields, which include also ed, and robust plant type, suitable for under our own management. is remarkable for the GK cultivars corn, highly qualifi ed research workers (with The most signifi cant breeding achieve- seed color and size, and good standing mechanical harvesting. The following plant varieties are im- sunfl ower and sorghum in Ukraine and 12 university doctors, 21 candidates or ments and projects at ZKI are as fol- ability. onion: The majority of our variety proved in the research work we under- Russia; and linseed in the UK. PhDs, 4 academic doctors and 1 mem- lows: tomato: Breeding processing tomato choice is spicy and pungent and sug- take, coupled with the improvement Research is carried out at the company ber of HAS among them) is supported Pepper: ZKI offers a rich variety of in ZKI looks back on a long tradition. gested for one year technology with of the crop production technology at with the chief goal being that the yield by a staff of 170 colleagues, employed F1 hybrids of different types or variety Several successful varieties adapted to irrigation. Besides this, we have a va- the company: winter and spring wheat, of the GK plant varieties should exhibit mainly as research assistants and serv- groups. The breeding programs of the Hungarian conditions were introduced riety for the Makó region, where the durum wheat, winter and spring barley, high quality food and feed regarding ice personnel. The research workers ZKI focus not only on the Hungarian during the last decades, both for hand two year growing method is traditional. participate in both domestic and for- market, but also on the markets in the and machine harvest. The recent devel- Breeding activity is focusing on selec- eign scientifi c work, as well as in the surrounding countries and the Mediter- opments were made to improve yield, tion of mid- and late ripening, long day work of the Hungarian Academy of ranean region. However, with regard to earliness, concentrated ripening and re- storage type varieties and hybrids, with Sciences. They are either consortium breeding objectives, the most impor- sistance to the most important diseases medium to high dry matter content. leaders or co-operators in joint projects tant types are the white “Cecei”, the like Verticillium, Fusarium, bacterial watermelon: ZKI has hybrids with ex- with foreign partners. They publish in blocky, the “tomato-shape-pepper”, speck and nematodes. Our new hybrids cellent quality both in round-shaped, prominent R&D periodicals worldwide. the “apple-” and the “hot, long” pep- reach 100 tons/ha yield in many grow- dark green and Crimson types. Fusar- The company issues the quarterly en- per. In the variety range there are many ing areas, suitable for machine harvest ium wilt-resistant hybrids of these types titled “Cereal Research Communica- hybrids containing the L3 or L4 gene and produce medium to high soluble are to be released soon. Breeding is tions”, which is known and appreciated of tobacco mosaic virus resistance, in solids. These hybrids are suggested for directed now to oval, elongated and in around 70 countries. 2009 ZKI released the fi rst TSWV re- tomato paste and ketchup production. triploid types that are resistant to wilt, sistant hybrids in the white conical type cucumber: ZKI was the fi rst in Europe while at the same time maintaining their although the company is owned by and, a few years ago, a tomato-shaped to release downy, mildew-resistant, excellent quality parameters. the state, it is not budgeted by it; pepper with resistance to bacterial dis- smooth pickling cucumber varieties. All Pathology: The work of the group is the sources of the company’s annual ease. the hybrids produced in the last decade linked to the bacteria, fungi and virus income of about 1.9-2 billion hungar- Peas: ZKI has a constantly renewed show resistance against downy mildew, resistance breeding tasks, including the ian fts come from royalties, license range of dark green wrinkled vining pea powdery mildew and cucumber mosaic cultures, the development of infection fees, seed sales and R&d grants. varieties from the earliest to the latest virus. Currently, the primary goals of technologies and selection. intRoduction to the system of aGRicultuRal ReseaRch institutions otheR state owned institutions 20 21

Debreceni Egyetem, Agrár- és Gazdálkodástudományok Centruma (DE AGTC) game management, surveys on the research in field crops are also remarka- RISF is the owner of 104 varieties of 32 present environmental state of areas in ble. The DUFRRI deals with developing plant species (including winter wheat, Centre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Eastern Hungarian regions. site-specific production technologies winter barley, rye, millet, triticale, sor- Sciences, University of Debrecen To promote our research-innovation and the improvement of production ghum, beans, peas, vetches, potato, activities and extension work we estab- technologies. Canna); four of these varieties have We integrated our scientific-research Main fields of research at the FAF- lished a new unit, the Research Institutes RISF has a determining role in the patent protection. Address: 4032 Debrecen, activities into 5 interdisciplinary R + D SEM: extensive and intensive animal and Study Farm (RISF) which includes conservation and development of the The Centre has important achieve- Böszörményi út 138. + I (Research + Development + Innova- breeding systems, integrated biologi- Karcag Research Institute (KRI) and genetic bases of the regions flora and ments in the field of fruit, vegetable and Tel.: +36 52 508 444 tion) programs: cal and economic development, the Nyíregyháza Research Institute (NYRI) fauna. Among the gene preservation ornamental plant research and develop- Fax: +36 52 413 385 • Climate change and actions biology and economic efficiency of and the Debrecen University Farm and tasks the maintenance of old Hungarian ment through the breeding of new vari- E-mail: [email protected] • Healthy foods quality production, environmental re- Regional Research Institute (DUFRRI). chicken and turkey breeds and Tsigai eties and the practical improvement of Website: www.portal.agr.unideb.hu • Sustainable agro-environment search, precision agricultural systems, The KRI is an internationally acknowl- sheep are of special significance. production technologies. • Animal sciences and animal welfare conservation of genetic bases in animal edged centre of R&D aimed at soil The roots of agricultural higher educa- • Regional business supporting innova- husbandry, crop production and horti- amelioration, soil fertility improvement tion in Debrecen go back to the middle tion and rural development culture, landscape-fitting and environ- and preservation and rational soil utili- of the 19th century. 1868 marked the Research at the Faculty of Agricultural mentally-friendly agricultural technolo- zation. In their research, they focus on foundation of the Debrecen National and Food Sciences and Environmental gies in horticulture, research on soils the production technologies of crops School of Agriculture. After a series Management (FAFSEM) of CAAES and soil preservation, utilization of the tolerant of dry and saline soil condi- of changes, the school became an in- covers the following topics: crop pro- results of complex plant protection re- tions, the utilization of grasslands of dependent university in 1970, known as duction, plant protection, animal search for developing crop production, the Great Plain and the development the Agricultural University of Debre- husbandry, horticulture, soil science, research on microelements for the pro- of effective sheep breeding technolo- cen. Then, the University of Debrecen technology and applied sciences. Re- duction of healthy agricultural products gies. The NYRI deals with the breed- was established on 1st January 2000, search on crop production focuses on and healthy food, quality assurance and ing of plant varieties that can be safely with the integration of the universities the effects of water, nutrient supply food safety in agriculture and in the cultivated under the unfavorable eco- located in Debrecen, and the Centre and their interactions. The main aims food industry. logical conditions of the region and with for Agricultural and Applied Economic are the realization of rational land use, Main fields of research at the Faculty the complex utilization of sandy soils. Sciences (CAAES) became a deter- the development of environmentally- of Applied Economics and Rural De- Their achievements in biotechnological mining unit of the university. friendly technologies, the improvement velopment (FAERD): economics of During the past 140 years, a modern in- of the genetic background and the agricultural enterprises and rural devel- stitution evolved, which serves agricul- study of their effect on product qual- opment, the regional characteristics of Kaposvári Egyetem, Állattudományi Kar (KE ÁTK) tural education, as well as research and ity. The research is carried out with the rural development, regional and rural extension in Hungary. Its mission is to involvement of the Central Laboratory. development programs, EU- conform Faculty of Animal Science, develop agriculture, the environment Animal husbandry research concen- management, accounting and control- and rural areas in Eastern Hungary. The trates on sheep, poultry, pig and fish. ling systems, further development of University of Kaposvár institution’s achievements are published Research is aimed at the improvement marketing information systems, con- both nationally and internationally. of efficiency and product quality em- sulting and rural development, models University from the early Nineties until Kaposvár University’s educational in- Within the tasks of research develop- bracing the whole product cycle, from of environmental economics, tech- Address: 7400 Kaposvár, Kaposvár University was founded in the frastructure meets the highest stand- ment, we focus on research into the the raw material to the end product. nological and economic questions of Guba S. út 40. year 2000. ards. The campus boasts well- criteria of sustainable development, the Tel.: +36 82 505 800 equipped lecture and seminar rooms, preservation of soil fertility, the conser- Fax: +36 82 512 163 Short introduction of the Faculty excellent laboratories, a Study Farm vation of the peculiarities of different E-mail: [email protected] More than 91 percent of the faculty staff cultivating 1, 129 hectares and raising landscapes and ecological values. We Website: www.ke.hu holds a scientific degree. The faculty all major farm animal species, a Game research the development of economi- maintains formal co-operative relation- Farming Center (deer and wild boar), cally and ecologically harmonized ag- Short history of the Faculty ships with 27 foreign universities and an Equestrian Academy, and a fully- riculture, crop production and animal The school that has grown into the research institutes. The academic staff equipped and staffed Health Center. husbandry. Kaposvár University Faculty of Ani- of the faculty publishes yearly about 12 Students have the University Library The CAAES has successful relations mal Science was founded in 1961 as an books and chapters, 60 scientific pa- at their disposal, which contains more with domestic partner universities, re- Agricultural Junior College. During pers in foreign languages, 40 scientific than 250 thousand books and docu- search institutes and over one hundred the Seventies, the institution became papers in Hungarian, 30 conference ments and 30 computers with access to foreign educational and research insti- an Agricultural College with a three- papers, 40 conference abstracts and 55 electronic databases. Up to 80 percent tutes. In the framework of FP7 projects, year study program, leading to a pro- non-scientific papers. of students can be accommodated at the Centre co-operates successfully duction engineering B.Sc. degree in Due to the active participation of its stu- the student hostel in double bedrooms with prestigious French, British, Dan- animal science. Keszthely University dents in research work, the faculty con- (including, e.g., an en-suite bath, televi- ish, Dutch, Italian, German, Spanish, incorporated the Agricultural College sistently does well in National Scientific sion and Internet connection, a shared Polish, Swedish, Belgian and Austrian as a faculty in the Eighties. During this Student Conferences. In 2004, the Fac- kitchen and laundry, a sauna and a universities and research centers. period, students could earn an agricul- ulty of Animal Science received the Most gym). Students even have the unique The Centre operates four Doctoral tural engineering M.Sc. degree through Innovative University Faculty Award and, opportunity to bring their dogs with Schools in the fields of agricultural, re- a five-year course of study. The faculty in 2009, it ranked 7th out of 168 faculties them to school, since dog-kennels are gional and economic sciences. was a part of PANNON Agricultural in the field of talent nurturing. available on campus.

Introduction to the System of Agricultural Research Institutions Institutions of the Ministry of National Resources 22 23

Károly Róbert Főiskola, Fleischmann Rudolf Kutatóintézet (KRF FRK) Study programs offered in animal breeding to develop new of Animal Science contains the devel- B.Sc. programs: strains to fulfill the changed consumer opment of the laboratory network (re- AGRICULTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES • Animal Production Engineering requirements. construction of the central laboratory • Agricultural Engineering • Study of the environmental effect of building, new equipments to analyze RESEARCH, KÁROLY RÓBERT COLLEGE • Plant Production Engineering animal production systems (housing feed and food samples, set up of the • Nature Protection Engineering and nutrition). soil laboratory and the molecular biol- since 2009, under the auspices of the Károly Róbert College, Fleischmann • Big game (red deer, fallow deer, mou- ogy laboratory) and the reconstruction Address: 3356 Kompolt, College. The 1 MW-power wood-split- Rudolf Research Institute, Kompolt M.Sc. programs: flon, wild boar) breeding and produc- of the pig farm to a most modern 180 Fleischmann út 4. ting boiler, which provides heat energy The institute was founded in 1918 and • Animal Science tion research. sow farrow to finish farm. The aim of Tel.: +36 37 518 235 for a 2000 m2 greenhouse, is located in has belonged to the predecessor of • Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety • Animal welfare studies to develop sci- these developments is to form the Ag- Fax: +36 36 489 000 the Green Energy Research Center in the College since 2000. The Research (in English as well) entifically proven guidelines for ani- ricultural and Food Science Knowledge E-mail: [email protected] Tass-puszta. Institute is the most dominant subli- • Agricultural Engineering Teaching mal production systems. Center which will develop in coopera- Website: www.alia.karolyrobert.hu mation and research institution in the (Animal Production Engineering) • Application of digital imaging tech- tion with the local stakeholders a “from The agro and environmental sciences North Hungarian Region. Principally, it niques in the veterinary, medical and farm to fork” traceability system result- The predecessor of the institution was research activities are concentrated carries out research for those who deal Vocational higher education animal sciences. ing branded products. founded in 1962. Since 2003, the insti- in the Faculty of Natural Resources with crop production in arable lands in • Environmental Protection The faculty is engaged in the interna- tution has been known as Károly Róbert Management and Rural Development the region. The aim of these projects Technology (Specialized in Doctoral (Ph.D.) School of Animal tionalization of its education. As the College. The College has carried out of the College. Within the circle of is to enhance production effectiveness Waste Management) Science first step, the Animal Nutrition and numerous research programs, in order applied environmental sciences differ- and to define new utilization methods. • Stud Management The Ph.D. program in Animal Sciences Feed safety M.Sc. program has been to determine the most effective ways ent projects have been carried out, for The former started plant sublimation, involves the following main scientific accredited to be taught in English. The to produce and utilize green energy example, arctic climate research, the agro technology, nutrient manage- New courses to be launched: programs: Poultry and small animal FAO and the Hungarian Ministry of in Hungary and in the North Hungar- assessment of the impacts of the oil ca- ment and plant protection projects • Wildlife Management Engineering sciences; Animal production based on Rural Development founded a schol- ian region. One of the topics of these tastrophe in the Gulf of Mexico, or the are still been done. The institute has (B.Sc.) grazing; Monogastric and ruminant nu- arship for the interested students of experiments is the selection of those red mud catastrophe in Kolontár. The opened new tracks towards environ- • Master’s in Agriculture trition; Pig sciences; Non-invasive dig- developing countries to participate in trees that have the greatest energy high technologies in the field of remote mental management and sustainable • Master’s in Nature Conservation ital imaging methods in animal sciences. M.Sc programs in Hungary. As our Ani- output in particular habitats. The re- sensing are world famous and unique all agriculture, as well. Acting on the aims During the past five years, on average, mal Nutrition and Feed safety program searchers of the College have worked over the world, and can be observed in of the College, there are energetic Main research areas 5.2 full time and 1.4 part time students is included in this project, this year we out the Social Green Energy Program all of their training fields. Therefore, the examinations of arboreal plants at the • Food quality and safety-related re- gained admission to the doctoral school received more than forty applications and the Forced Vegetable Program following projects are all based on the institute, as well. As for the field of search: covering the entire process yearly. On average, 6.2 students are from Ukraine, Ethiopia, Afghanistan, Based on Renewable Energies. They aeronautical observations of which basic plant sublimation, the most intensive of food production, introducing the yearly awarded the Ph.D. degree, which Namibia, Kenya, Algeria, Mongolia, also carried out research in order to acquirement is a must for our students projects are being carried out in con- “from farm to fork” concept. is 94% of the students who gained ad- Tajikistan and Vietnam. In addition, five help the local government institutions during their studies: as for game man- nection with spring barley and autumn • Development of nutritional concepts mission. students applied from Cameroon, who economically switch to green energy. agement: game stock assessment, as barley, but there are sublimation works to ensure the quality of products and will cover the study costs themselves. The College initiated the set up of the for viticulture: mapping the production with fabaceae and autumn wheat, as safety of production. Future perspectives This level of interest encourages us to Mátra Wood Splitting Cooperative in sites, plant production forecasts, block well. For the effective operation of the • Use of new techniques (CT, MRI, The university will finish a 3 billion recon- extend our portfolio of educational pro- 2008; in March 2010 it founded the mapping, state of the environment as- institute, it is crucial to win effective molecular biology) as selection tools struction in 2011, which at the Faculty grams taught in English. Mátra Energy Plant Production Ltd, sessments, mapping production sites tenders, to introduce micromalting and which planted 500 acres of energetic that are suitable for planting arboreal to constantly monitor the quality of the tree plants in 3 years. The Bioenergetic energy plantations and monitoring the different types of plants. During the Innovation Cluster has been operating biomass production of the plantations. development of different technologies,

Introduction to the System of Agricultural Research Institutions Institutions of the Ministry of National Resources 24 25

the institute constantly uses its project tor populations in order to enhance the the plant physiology task force who • Development of health-enhancing Institute of Mathematics, (Lobelia inflata) for use in manufac- results. Additionally, together with its effectiveness of plant protection. examine the impact of extreme envi- fish products based on intensively Physics and Informatics turing smoking deterrents; partner firms, the institute plays a lead- As far as grapes are concerned, the ronmental factors on the photosyn- raised freshwater fish species; • Development and field application of • Influence of abiotic and agro-techni- ing part in the development of agricul- most dangerous causative agent is Un- thetic activity and water management • Swine embryo production using vari- complex photo-acoustic systems for cal factors on the occurrence of com- tural technologies and in professional cinula necator, even more dangerous of grapes. ous vitrification methods; monitoring environmental conditions. mon ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifo- consultancy systems. The institute also than downy mildew or Botrytis cinerea. Maintenance and development of bio- • Pathological and immunological anal- lia) in arable lands; facilitates the practical application of According to research results, the ef- logical basics: the assessment of the yses and prevention of perinatal mor- Institute of Biosystems Engineering • Monitoring activities in the Szigetköz the latest research results through its fectiveness of technologies against results of the resistance sublimation tality in Holstein cattle herds; • Effects of microwave treatment on area. events and conferences. Uncinula necator can be increased by research, clone section and naturaliza- • Horse performance studies; various biological and agricultural genetic, resistance biological and open tion, maintenance of strain plants. • Animal welfare studies; materials; Institute of Economics Károly Róbert College, Research field research. The vine collection of almost 800 piec- • Feed additives testing. • Examination of processes occurring • Training project for European busi- Institute for Viticulture and Projects connected to the definition of es in the Institute consists of 322 resist- in biological materials as a result of ness consultants; Oenology, Eger the optimal ripeness of grapes in the ant, 52 color-leaf, 280 hybrid and 137 Institute of Plant Biology combined energy transfer; • Commercial market research studies. Viticulture research in Eger, similar to Eger wine region vine types and clones from abroad. As • Development of multi-resistant pa- • Utilization of renewable energy several other such national institutes, To define the phenol maturation of we maintain the most varieties, the Insti- prika species by conventional and sources; Institute of Corporate began at the end of the 19th century, grapes, the definition of the charac- tute plays an important role in providing molecular methods; • Determination of soil moisture levels Economics and Management Science right after the phylloxera plague. The teristics and concentration of phenol reproduction materials, as well. • Examination of algal hormone pro- in the region of the Danube River; • Creation and improvement of prac- institute has been operating since 1976 chemical components, is a very time- Oenology technology research and de- duction; • Research on plant-based biofuels with tice-oriented training systems in agri- on its present-day premises. Presently, consuming and expensive procedure. velopment • Examination of Chlorella strains; special emphasis on vegetable oils; cultural higher education; a 25-acre vineyard, a 7000-hl full capac- The definition of the phenol matura- The activities of the oenology group in- • Research on novel feed additives con- • Research on soil heterogeneity, plant • Research on ways to increase ef- ity wine-making plant, conservatory and tion is an outstandingly important fac- clude the determination of harvest time taining polyunsaturated fatty acids to protection and agricultural engineer- ficiency of utilization of agricultural a modern wine-making pilot plant and a tor when making special red wines with (in the case of physiological research), produce raw materials for manufac- ing issues for precision farming pur- resources; laboratory belong to the institute. The high additional values. the sample gathering of grapes, the ture of functional dairy products. poses; • Examining the relationship between most remarkable national and interna- The impact of abiotic stress on the me- making of pilot wines and the analytical • Measuring the agro-physical param- farm size and standard gross margin tional projects of the Institute: tabolism of grapes and organ assessment of wines. Institute of Plant Production eters of biological materials; thermo- in the West Transdanubian region. The molecular biology and resistance Within the basic biological research • Screening natural substances extract- physical modeling; The Faculty of Agricultural and Food biology examination of Uncinula neca- groups of the Research Institute, it is ed from herbs; • Examination of Chlorella strains. Sciences has good scientific relations • Development of management soft- with several European and overseas uni- ware enabling economically optimal Institute of Environmental Science versities and research institutes. These • Mezőgazdaság- és élelmiszer-tudományi kutatások a Nyugat-magyarországi Egyetemen (NYME) and environmentally-friendly use of Recovery of metal compounds from include, among other institutions, the herbicides; wastes: their transformation and utili- Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra, AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD SCIENCES RESEARCH, • Research projects on providing im- zation; the University of Natural Resources proved protection against common • Effects of changing agriculture on and Life Sciences in Vienna, the Vi- UNIVERSITY OF WEST HUNGARY ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia); pollinating insect populations of cul- enna University of Technology, Wage- • Recovery of metal compounds from tivated plants; ningen University, Auburn University, Prince Albert Casimir of Saxony, Duke sity of Western Hungary since 2000. wastes: their transformation and utili- • Optimizing the production of anti- IGV Institute for Cereal Processing at 9200 Mosonmagyaróvár, Address: of Teschen, established the Agricultural It currently consists of the following 10 zation. smoking agents by Indian tobacco Bergholz-Rehbrücke. Vár 2. Higher Educational Private Institution institutes: Institute of Animal Science; Tel.: +36 96 566 637 of Magyaróvár, the legal predecessor Institute of Plant Biology; Institute of Institute of Food Science Fax: +36 96 566 620 of the Faculty of Agricultural and Food Plant Production; Institute of Food Sci- • Development of third generation bio- E-mail: [email protected] Sciences at Mosonmagyaróvár, on Oc- ence; Institute of Mathematics, Physics logical preservatives; Website: www.mtk.nyme.hu tober 25, 1818. Legally and practically, and Informatics; Institute of Biosystems • Comprehensive development of the it is one of the longest established in- Engineering; Institute of Environmen- Hungarian waterfowl sector (optimi- stitutions of agricultural higher educa- tal Science; Institute of Economics; zation of fattening methods, innova- tion in the world. In the beginning, Latin Institute of Corporate Economics and tion of goose/duck liver and meat was the official language of instruction, Management Science; Institute of Ex- products); which was later gradually replaced by tension and Continuing Education. • Development of health-enhancing German and Hungarian. In 1872, sever- Dealing with a wide range of issues re- fish products based on intensively al German-speaking professors left the lated to plant, animal, food, engineer- raised freshwater fish species; institution to establish the Agricultural ing, economic and social sciences, the • Use of cheese whey as a dairy by- University of Vienna. major R&D&I projects, include: product for production of organic Successfully combining instruction with foods; research, the professors of the institu- Institute of Animal Science • Development of novel functional fer- tion founded ten experimental stations • Development of third generation mented milks using various biologi- in Magyaróvár in the late 1800’s, thus biological preservatives; cally active substances; establishing the professional agricul- • Comprehensive development of the • Microbiological examination tural research system in Hungary. Hungarian waterfowl sector (optimiza- and physical-chemical analysis of The Faculty of Agricultural and Food tion of fattening methods, innovation of food raw materials and technology Sciences has belonged to the Univer- goose/duck liver and meat products); development.

Introduction to the System of Agricultural Research Institutions Institutions of the Ministry of National Resources 26 27

Szegedi Tudományegyetem (SZTE) tical fi elds of processing, conservation, companies, local governments, special faculty of aGRicultuRe, faculty of enGineeRinG, manufacture of goods, and is capable of administration agencies and specialized performing tasks related to management consultancy organizations. univeRsity of szeGed service and business management. our masters’ Programs in food • marketing of agricultural products mechanical engineering in agricul- industry certifi ed food engineering Address: 6800 Hódmezővásárhely, and foods; ture and food industry specialization specialization (m.sc.) Andrássy út 15. • resources and strategic planning of A mechanical engineer specialized in A certifi ed food engineer is skilled in Tel.: +36 62 532 990 rural areas. agriculture and food industry is capable the fi elds of production, technology, Fax: +36 62 532 991 of dealing with the preparation, opera- planning of operations, management E-mail: [email protected] international relations tion and management tasks of the pro- of economic processes, development Website: www.mk.u-szeged.hu The Faculty has educational and re- duction processes and industrial servic- of products, quality assurance, tender- search cooperation with several foreign es, and with the subtasks of design and writing, and is capable of undertaking Agricultural education has a 115 year universities and research institutions in development. management tasks while taking into ac- tradition in Hódmezővásárhely. The e.g., Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, agricultural engineering specialized count technical and economic aspects. agricultural vocational training school Japan, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Tur- in economics and Rural development certifi ed agricultural engineering in was founded in 1896. This was turned key and The United Kingdom. An agricultural engineer specialized in Rural development (m.sc.) into a vocational secondary school after Economics and Rural Development is A certifi ed agricultural engineer in rural World War II. Higher education started the history of the faculty of capable of managing the agricultural development is capable of performing in 1972 on the college level, and the engineering the educational profi le, on 1 January production, product processing, com- the tasks related to rural development institution became, after several reor- In Hungary, the university education 2007, the name of the institution was merce and related economical, fi nancial in such a way that he or she takes into ganizations, a faculty of the University of food industry experts started at the changed to the Faculty of Engineering and infrastructural (intellectual) servic- consideration the specifi cities of the re- of Szeged in 2000. advanced food industry engineering within the University of Szeged, with es, as well as carrying out the operation gion, gives priority to environmentally- The primary task of the faculty is edu- schools of Budapest and Szeged in 12 faculties. The educational fi eld of of personal and joint ventures, co-op- friendly procedures, and pays attention cation, but it also provides courses and 1962. In 1970, combining the advanced the legal predecessor – the College of eratives, fi nancial institutions, insurance to sustainable economic development. trainings in the framework of a Life- food industry engineering schools of Food Industry, Szeged - was initially Long Learning program, and takes part Budapest and Szeged, an independent linked to the food industry, which was in the Hungarian agricultural extension college came to life under the name extended gradually, and today, there system. of College of Food Industry, Szeged. are fi ve university B.Sc. and two M.Sc. Budapesti Corvinus Egyetem, Kertészettudományi Kar (BCE KERTK) The pilot farm serves the trainings of The College became the educational programs. Presently, the faculty - in the students, the research work and the basis of food technology, mechan- accordance with today’s needs - is the faculty of hoRticultuRal sciences, agricultural advisory activities, as well as ics, and process operation engineers. one of the most important bases of en- with its approximately 380 hectares ar- From 1986, the College of Food In- gineering education at the University coRvinus univeRsity of budaPest able land, 40 hectares pasture, with pig, dustry became the College Faculty of Szeged and in the Southern Great sheep, poultry, dairy cattle farm and a of the University of Horticulture and Plain Region, with its highly qualifi ed Address: 1118 Budapest, Horticulture. From that time on, the position in horticultural research and milk processing unit. Food Industry, and it operated as experts who possess academic de- Villányi út 29-43. Institution has been continuously de- education in Hungary. József Attila University, Szeged, Col- grees, and with modernly equipped veloping, along with its structure and Tel.: +36 1 482 6298 Research activity lege Faculty of Food Industry in 1998- training rooms and laboratories. name. In 1953/54, the school became an Research at the faculty Applied research is carried out 1999. From 1 January 2000, it had Fax: +36 1 482 6365 independent college, and later acquired In addition to education and consulta- at the faculty in the following fi elds: been operating as the College Faculty our b.sc. Programs in food E-mail: kertesz.dekan@uni- a program in landscape architecture. In tion, the staff of the Faculty of Hor- • breeding, reproduction, nutrition and of the University of Szeged - the legal industry food industry engineering corvinus.hu 1968, the School was elevated to be- ticultural Science performs signifi cant health of cattle, pig, poultry, sheep, successor institution - under the name specialization Website: www.kerteszettudomany. come a University of Horticulture, with scientifi c activities. The wide spectrum roe deer and wild boar; of College Faculty of Food Industry, A food engineer is skilled in control- uni-corvinus.hu a Food Industry Section established. of horticultural science areas is refl ect- • fermentation of silages, Szeged, and with the same education- ling technological processes, has overall Between 2000 and 2003, the Faculty ed in the range of research projects in • the effects of agrotechniques, chemi- al tasks. As a result of the growth of knowledge of the theoretical and prac- the faculty of horticultural science of Horticultural Science belonged to the departments. Scientifi c areas in- cals and plant breeding on the yield The Buda campus hosting our Faculty Szent István University, Gödöllő. In clude vegetables and cultivated fungi, and quality of arable crops; is located in the heart of Budapest, in a 2003, due to further integration steps, • micro-propagation of ornamental scenic location on the Western slopes it was joined with the Budapest Univer- plants and breeding of pritamin of Gellért Hill. Ours is one of the old- sity of Economic Sciences and Public paprika; est university faculties specialized in Administration and other Institutions, • pollination by insect fauna horticultural training in Europe, with forming the Corvinus University of of cultivated plants; traditions dateing back for more than Budapest of today. Our university in- • water purifi cation by 160 years. The original school was es- tegrates education of 17,000 students, constructed wetlands; tablished in 1853 by Dr. Ferenc Entz, a from among which 2,000 are studying • biogas production from medical doctor. The School for Prac- in horticultural sciences, at B.Sc., M.Sc. communal waste and biomass; tical Gardening became famous and and Ph.D. levels. • business management, innovation enjoyed the support of the then gov- Because of its long traditions, high level and valuation of farms; ernment. Thus, in 1894, the school was training and scientifi c work, the Faculty raised to the rank of Royal School of has been and remains in a prominent intRoduction to the system of aGRicultuRal ReseaRch institutions institutions of the ministRy of national ResouRces 28 29

Szent István Egyetem (SZIE) Hungarian agricultural educational • Cultivar evaluation and breeding of institutions. Fruitful research activity improved cultivars for fruit crops (ap- Szent István University contributed to these successes. The sci- ricot, apple) and rootstocks, vegeta- entific potential of our staff has been ble, wine-grape, and medicinal plant supplying the labor market with quali- tion of biomarkers for an improved risk strengthened by international collabo- varieties, as well as breeding orna- Address: 2103 Gödöllő, fied candidates. assessment on environmental exposure. ration and participation in multilateral mental trees and shrubs. Páter Károly utca 1. Szent István University is one of the EU networks (e.g. FP7). ERASMUS, • Studies on chemical diversity of ac- Tel.: +36 28 522 000 most important research centers in International relations CEEPUS and other educational con- tive compounds of medicinal plants Fax: +36 28 410 804 Hungary, concentrating on agricultural According to TIME magazine, the nections have also helped to build sci- (antioxidants, essential oils, saccha- E-mail: [email protected] and environmental sciences, and well Erasmus program is one of the most entific connections and links to research rids), chemotaxonomy. Website: www.szie.hu acknowledged by international quality important achievements of the Euro- institutes and universities abroad. In the • Research of taxonomy and propaga- institutions. pean Union. The program began in framework of a development project tion biology of protected and endan- General description 1998, and our university joined at the supported by the European Union and gered plants and species with poten- Szent István University is one of the Our research work in connection start. Since that time, we have created the Hungarian government, our labo- tial ornamental use. leading higher education institutions in with agricultural and environmental more than 150 bilateral agreements ratories have been rehabilitated and • Development of cultivation technol- Hungary. It was formed in the year 2000 sciences for teacher, student and staff mobil- modern equipment appropriated. This ogies and quality improvements for by the integration of many prestigious, EDENext is a collaborative project for ity, as well as multilateral international fruit crops, medicinal and aromatic project provides an advanced back- vegetable growing, fruit crops, wine- formerly independent universities and the EU FP7-HEALTH.2010.2.3.3-1 call projects. During the last 12 years, we plants, ornamental plants and dendrol- ground for our research activity. The grape, ornamental and medicinal colleges. At present, our university has “Biology and control of vector-borne have awarded a total of two million ogy, viticulture, breeding of horticul- Buda Arboretum, which is the largest plants. nine faculties and one institute, located infections in Europe”. The goals of Euros in scholarships to 1, 000 out- tural plants, postharvest biology, plant dendrological repository in Hungary, • Studies on organic farming, optimiza- on seven different campuses, with more EDENext are to understand and ex- going students, who spent altogether protection and organic farming, new is currently under renewal, the results tion of ecological factors in agricul- than 18, 000 students. plain the biological, ecological and 6, 000 months at foreign institutions. machines in horticulture. These ap- of which already include an expanded tural ecosystem. Our scope of education is quite broad, epidemiological processes to develop The number of our incoming students plied research areas are integrated with number of taxa in our collection. The • Diagnosis of plant pathogens by tradi- as in addition to the classical fields of methods and tools to improve preven- increased by a factor of ten during the results of basic scientific disciplines of horticultural genetic repositories are tional and molecular biological meth- agricultural sciences, there are veteri- tion, surveillance and control of vector last decade, and it is now over 150 stu- botany, genetics, biotechnology, bio- integrated in the National Network of ods. Exploration of the Arthropod nary, environmental sciences, mechani- populations, and vector-borne human dents per year. We are very proud that, chemistry, plant physiology, microbi- Research Infrastructure. fauna in horticultural ecosystems, de- cal engineering, economics, architec- and animal diseases. through our efforts in the Erasmus mo- ology, automation, management and Selected research areas where our de- veloping plant protection strategies. tural sciences, medical sciences, as well TESS (FP7_ENV_2007-1) will assist bility project, Szent István University informatics. partments have made important scien- • Strategic analysis of ventures and as applied arts. There are 50 B.Sc. and policy makers to integrate knowledge could receive the European E-quality A considerable part of practical educa- tific contributions: product chains in horticulture. 30 M.Sc. courses, 70 specializations from the EU, national, regional and Award given by the Minister of Educa- tion and research work is conducted on • Modeling climate changes, studies on • Development of a model for intelli- and 40 continuing education courses, local level into the decision-making tion in 2004, the first among Hungari- the Research Station and Educational effects of climate change on horticul- gent, computer guided robot, capa- as well as 7 doctoral schools. A strong process, while also encouraging lo- an universities to receive it. In 2010, our Farm (250 ha), which is located on ture, strategies for overcoming their ble of detaching fruits in orchards. emphasis on protecting traditions, em- cal inhabitants to maintain and restore Intensive Program, “Educational Con- the outskirts of Budapest. This facility adverse effects. The Faculty traditionally maintains bracing modernity, fastidiousness and biodiversity ecosystem services. To tributions to Building Cohesion within makes it feasible to conduct large scale • Studying mechanisms of water loss good ties with the horticultural industry. quality can be witnessed at the center achieve this, a transactional environ- European Social and Institutional Life,” field experiments, extending projects through leaf and fruit epidermises. This is achieved by means of profes- of our educational and research work. mental decision support system will be appeared among the most successful from the laboratories. The Botanical Monitoring of water consumption of sional consultations, fares, exhibitions, Our university offers high quality edu- designed, linking central policy plan- EU 20 projects in the Erasmus Success Garden (60 ha) of the Faculty is also fruit trees by sap flow method, build- and long-term bilateral links. Interac- cation, which is reflected in the high ca- ning to local livelihoods. Stories periodical. located at this site. ing empirical models to forecast water tions and dialogues come easy, as most liber of our graduates, whose successes CytoThreat (FP7-ENV-2010): Fate We have also been involved in the Viticulture has always been important use, studies on water use efficiency. entrepreneurs have received diplomas reflect the relevance of their education and effects of cytostatic pharmaceuti- Central European Higher Education part of educational programs and re- • Development and use of molecular from our alma mater. and the university’s commitment to cals in the environment and identifica- Exchange Program (CEEPUS) since search at the Faculty. Two excellent (biochemical and genetic) markers in Departments of our University with breeding of horticultural crops. long traditions; the Department of Viti- culture and the Department of Oenol- ogy have recently been integrated with the Research Institute for Viticulture & Oenology (Kecskemét) and the Soós István Oenology and Business Techni- cal Schoo, to form the Institute of Viti- culture and Oenology. Theoretical and practical expertise, as well as regional, nationwide and international connec- tions, predestine this Institute to play a leading role in research and develop- ment, the domestic wine industry and to positively influence grape and wine culture in Hungary. In recent years, our faculty has main- tained a high ranking position among

Introduction to the System of Agricultural Research Institutions Institutions of the Ministry of National Resources 30 31

its start in 1998. The program frame- tered and another patent pending: of strategic importance. It is an in- grated into the Pannon University, and ers of the region in realizing integrated work handles research cooperation and • P0800629: Combined composting ternational and domestic priority to has been operating since as part of the plant protection. The results of soil cul- mobility among partners within unique of sewage sludge and ligno-cellulose effectively and effi ciently utilize this Centre for Agricultural Sciences. tivation and fertilization experiments thematic networks. By 2010, SZIU man- plant cuttings and its utilization as a precious resource. The experimental and research activi- are put to practical use through profes- aged to become a member of 9 CEE- nutrient 3. The world’s energy consumption ties at the Institute concentrate on the sional advisors. PUS networks, helping SZIU to stand • P1000439: Method for the treatment needs are ever increasing while the following areas: consumption quality, are unique in their out among Hungarian HEIs as an ex- of sewage sludge current sources of energy are rap- • Maintenance and development of kind. All the varieties, except for the So- cellent partner in transnational research idly being diminished. Our faculties biological assets mogyi kifl i, show extreme resistance to cooperation. During the last few years, Plans for the future have the capacity and knowledge to • Species-value research (focusing on the economically most important pota- our university managed to organize fi ve It is clearly listed among the aims of our address these challenges and create the Balaton Wine Region) to viruses. Out of twelve, nine varieties successful summer university courses, in university which are those educational modern, energy saving technological • Autochthon grapevine varieties (e.g., are resistant to common scab, potato addition to the mobility exchange pos- and research purposes in which we are innovations and new methods to uti- Kéknyelű, Juhfark) wart and golden cyst nematodes, while sibilities. better than our competitors: lize alternative energy solutions. • Clonal selection, value analysis and two of them are resistant to potato late 1. As Hungary has unique character- 4. Adopting a holistic approach to en- spreading of new clones blight as well, which makes these espe- Participation in international research istics in agriculture with rich practi- vironmental protection and manage- • Research of integrated grape-grow- cially recommended for organic pro- projects and mobility schemes has al- cal traditions, production of primary ment is paramount for success. ing and wine-making methods duction. lowed SZIU students and academic staff commodities of plant and animal ori- Sustainable and environmentally Potato Research centre, • Analysis of wine-marketing strategies The second major duty of the Centre is to work and study internationally on in- gin, as well as education and research friendly agriculture, rational water- university of Pannonia, Keszthely The Institute achieved the most signifi - the maintenance, seed propagation and ternational issues. Our active involve- of food safety and food quality are usage and renewable energy research The Centre operates in a university cant results in breeding, species-value marketing of the varieties. In pursuance ment in the ERASMUS and CEEPUS logically among our top priorities. are all effective steps which must be system and is the only institution ex- research and in the examination of of the above activities, the Centre oper- programs is proof of our commitment 2. Limited quantities and worsening taken to successfully protect our envi- clusively dedicated to potato research environmentally-friendly wine growing ates an in vitro gene bank with more then to educating internationally minded and quality of water supplies are causing ronment. It is very important for us to and breeding in Hungary. This institu- methods. The breeding activity is em- 500 genotypes, well-equipped pathol- qualifi ed graduates. world-wide problems. Many of our educate and research all of the above tion has been an appreciated centre of bodied in several Italian Riesling, Pinot ogy-, tissue culture- and quality control faculties research the implications mentioned sciences, while at the basic and applied research, breeding, Gris and White Riesling clones, as well laboratories, owns several hundred m2 available patents and practical solutions to our water same time we want to strengthen our extension and education of experts for as in several new grape varieties (Zeus, of greenhouse and screen-house sur- Szent István University has one regis- problems, as water is a commodity image of being a “green university.” potato since 1960. One of its major du- Zefír, Vulcanus, Rózsakő). Within the face area, 70 ha irrigated propagation ties is the breeding of profi table potato framework of species-value research, and 10 ha experimental fi elds with suit- varieties, those suitable for Central Eu- viticulture and wine-making analysis of able machinery and storage capacity. ropean agro-ecological conditions, due characteristic varieties in the Balaton The Centre produces about 500 Mts Pannon Egyetem, Georgikon Kar (PE GK) to their resistance against major potato region is ongoing. The achievements super elite quality seed, as well as a few pests, pathogens and extreme weather of species-value research are marked million so-called “minitubers” annually. GeoRGiKon faculty, univeRsity of Pannonia conditions. The research fi elds of the by the re-accreditation of the “Juhfark” For the advising, promotion of cultiva- Centre, spanning from basic to applied, and “Budai” varieties. tion and marketing of the varieties, the tution. The next transformation of the Our Faculty offers three doctoral are all dedicated toward this goal and Within the framework of the integrated Centre operates a variety representation Address: 8360 Keszthely, Georgikon Faculty of Agricultural Sci- Schools for earning the Ph.D. degree: try to cover all important issues of the grape production topic, the transfer of system for Hungary and abroad. The 16 Ferenc Deák Str. ences at the Pannon University of Ag- The Doctoral School in Animal and potato sector. predator mites, upkeep of its popula- Centre maintains active contacts with Tel.: +36 83 545 102 ricultural Sciences took place in 1990. Agricultural Environment Sciences, Due to its consistent resistance-breed- tion level and the observation of the the most important foreign and Hun- Fax: +36 83 510 167 The Faculty operated under this sys- The Doctoral School in Crop Produc- ing program utilizing wild species swarming-dynamism of grape-moths garian research institutes working on po- E-mail: [email protected] tem until January 1st, 2000, when the tion and Horticultural Sciences, The germplasm, the Centre currently has 12 produced remarkable results. Experi- tato. The researchers of the Centre take Website: www.georgikon.hu Pannonian University of Agriculture Doctoral School in Management and varieties on the EU list (Démon, Bala- ence gained in the instrumental prog- part in the graduate and postgraduate closed down as a result of the integra- Business Administration toni rózsa, Katica, Lorett, Góliát, Rioja, nosis of fungal diseases help winegrow- education programs of the University. short history tion of institutions of higher education. Hópehely, White Lady, Vénusz Gold, On the basis of its legal predeces- The Georgikon Faculty became part of international relations Luca XL, Kánkán és Somogyi kifl i). sors, the Georgikon Faculty of Agri- the University of Veszprém. As a result The Faculty puts great emphasis on These varieties, due to their complex cultural Sciences in Keszthely is the of the integration, an intellectual centre international exchange programs and resistance, high yielding potential and oldest institution of higher education came into being that fi lls a real regional relationships, maintaining and renew- outstanding University of Pannonia, for agricultural sciences in Europe. role in Pannonia. Since 1 March 2006, ing the old ones and constantly seeking Centre for Agricultural Sciences Re- The Georgikon that was established the name of the university has been: for new possibilities. It has partner uni- search Institute for Viticulture and Oe- by Count György Festetics, in 1797, is The University of Pannonia. versities in Albania, Austria, Belgium, nology, Badacsony proud of its history of more than 200 Bulgaria, The Czech Republic, The The Institute’s predecessor was founded years. After its foundation in 1962, the Georgikon Faculty offers a wide range United Kingdom, Finland, France, The in 1951, By 1972, it had developed into College of Agriculture in Mosonmag- of educational possibilities to its pro- Netherlands, Croatia, Poland, Germa- a Research Station and had achieved yarórvár and in Keszthely was estab- spective students: the applicants can ny, Italy, Slovakia and Turkey. Active considerable success. In 1982, reorgani- lished and then, in 1970, the two insti- choose from nine B.Sc. and the same research cooperation characterizes the zation and union with the Badacsony tutions were united under the name of number of M.Sc. courses. Two M.Sc. Georgikon; some of these projects go State Farm took place. The Research University of Agriculture, Keszthely. In courses are available for foreign stu- back to the distant past, mainly in Euro- Institute of Viticulture and Oenology 1987, the Faculty of Animal Breeding dents in English language. Additionally, pean countries, but there also projects in Badacsony began its independent founded at the Agricultural College ten higher vocational training programs related to Asia. operation on 1st January 2002; on 15th of Kaposvár became part of the insti- are also offered to would-be students. March 2008, the Institute was inte- intRoduction to the system of aGRicultuRal ReseaRch institutions institutions of the ministRy of national ResouRces 32 33

Pécsi Tudományegyetem, Természettudományi Kar, Szőlészeti és Borászati Intézet (PTTK SZBKI) Állatorvos-tudományi Kutatóintézet (MTA ÁOTKI) Institute of Viticulture and Oenology, Veterinary Medical Research Institute, has Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs Address: 1143 Budapest, duction in hilly areas. The relation- Hungária krt. 21. Address: 7634 Pécs, ship between quality and quantity. Tel.: +36 1 252 2455 Pázmány P. u. 4. Up-to-date planting, training systems Fax: +36 1 252 1069 Tel.: +36 72 511 132 and pruning. E-mail: [email protected]; Fax: +36 72 517 936 • Variety and technological problems Website: www.vmri.hu E-mail: [email protected] of environmentally-friendly viticul- Website: www.szbki.pte.hu ture on hilly vineyards. Scope of activities • Study of regional variety Cirfandly. The Institute was originally established Viticulture and enology in Transdanu- Development of the ecological, bio- in 1949. Its mandate is to investigate bia possess a long history and many tra- logical and technological aspects of the viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases ditions. Pécs is one of the cultural and their production. of farm and wild animals by using both economic centers of this extraordinarily • Affinity experiments. Rootstock and classical and state-of-the-art molecular rich region, abundant in natural beauty, fruiting variety interaction. The be- biological approaches. The overwhelm- where scientific viticultural and enologi- havior of four fruiting varieties has ing part of its work is basic research. Mo- cal research began in 1949. been studied on 10 rootstocks, at four lecular and genetic aspects are increas- The Institute was entrusted with the wine districts since 1984. ingly emphasized. The duties of the modernization and improvement of the Examinations were extended on 8 other • EU project: European Project Institute also include the improvement 1, 500 hectares of hillside vineyards in rootstock and fruiting varieties in 1999. GrapeGen 06 Grapevine of diagnostic and vaccination methods, the region, and with the development • Environmentally-friendly grape pro- Genetic Resources. as well as participation in different forms of new grape varieties and production duction. Issues of variety and technol- • Breeding program in co-operation of graduate and postgraduate training, methods. ogy. Technical and agronomic meth- with the University of Novi-Sad (Ser- promotion of international collaborative Virology projects and adhesion virulence and antibiotic Its activities further the development of ods for the defense against erosion. bia), and the Department of Horti- activities, dissemination of information • The genome analysis of adenoviruses resistance genes. viticultural technology and the culture • Integrated methods of grape protec- cultural Sciences, Geneva (USA). to the public about scientific achieve- originating from different vertebrates • The diversity of Pasteurella strains of wine consumption. In Pécs, eleven tion on hillsides. ments, and assistance in the technologi- including fish, frogs, reptiles, birds isolated from a wide range of host engineers, biologists, economists and • The effect of climatic change on the Consultancy and education cal transfer of research results for appli- and mammals, to study adenoviral species. associates take part in research, devel- grape growing climatic trends and • Participation in undergraduate and cation purposes. evolution, to produce diagnostics, opment, counseling and education. their effects on grape production. postgraduate education. vaccines and gene delivery vectors. Fish parasitological projects The Institute consists of three parts: the • Promotion of the value of the Cir- • Consultation for commercial and Research aims and topics • The study of herpes viruses of fish, • The life-cycle, host-specificity and Department of Viticulture and Agro- fandly wine grape variety. small producers in viticulture and Most of the research concentrates on fowls, cattle and bats and developing infection pathomechanism of fish botany, the Department of Oenol- • The effect of yeast strains on charac- enology, based on laboratory experi- the study of the properties of patho- DNA based diagnostics (PCR) for parasitic myxosporeans; phylogenet- ogy and the Department of Grapevine teristics of Riesling and Riesling Ital- ments. gens (viruses, bacteria and parasites) of their detection. ic studies. Breeding and the Gene Bank. ian varieties. • Preparing development projects, ap- high animal health importance. Among • The genetic study of rota- and reovi- • Correlation between the inbreeding Associates of the Institute have played plications for investments. the viruses, primarily the adeno-, her- ruses responsible for enteral diseases. of salmonids and their susceptibility an appreciable role in the development International projects • Organization of trade presentations pes-, rota-, reo- and parvoviruses are • Screening the wild life for different to the fish parasite, Myxobolus cere- of Hungarian viticulture and enology in • EU-project CT 96 No 81: “European (pruning, variety, wine) at the experi- investigated. Among bacteria, mem- viruses to help in the preservation of bralis, the causative agent of whirling the past half century. network for grapevine genetic re- mental stations. bers of Escherichia, Pasteurella, Salmo- biodiversity. disease. sources conservation and characteri- • Organization of and contribution to nella and Bordetella are being studied, • Development of vaccines against • Survey on parasitic infections and The main research topics of the zation” wine competitions and judging. to gain information especially about avian influenza and Marek’s disease diseases of fishes in Lake Balaton and Institute include virulence characteristics. An important virus. the water-reservoir Balaton Minor. • Exploring the genetic and cultivation direction of the research is the elabo- values of historic Hungarian grapes. ration of modern diagnostic methods Bacteriology projects Postgraduate and graduate training • Improvement of fungal disease resist- based on the detection of nucleic ac- • The interaction of different bacte- There are generally about 14 Ph.D. ant grape varieties by crossbreeding. ids of different infective agents. It is ria and viruses in the pathology of students, supervised by scientists of • Clonal selection and evaluation of also important to study the relationship atrophic rhinitis; study of nasal defor- the Institute in the subject areas of mo- new clones. between the virulence and antigenic mations and lung lesions in pigs with lecular virology, bacteriology and fish • The effect of rootstocks on the per- composition of the pathogenic organ- computer tomography. parasitology. Lectures on veterinary formance of quality white and red isms. Basic research activities on fish • Enteric bacteriology, food born microbiology, molecular evolution, fish wines. Quality and quantity of grape parasites are related to the etiology zoonoses (salmonellosis, colibacillo- diseases and research ethics are regu- production. The composition and of the diseases and to the biology of sis): the genetic basis of growth and larly given to graduate and postgradu- quality of must and wine. The effect myxosporean species. Environmental colonization inhibition in Salmonella; ate students at the Faculty of Veteri- of rootstocks on the absorption of health aspects of certain infections are gene transfer in Salmonella and Es- nary Sciences, Szent István University, nutrition elements. also investigated. herichia coli pathotypes; E. coli toxic Budapest. • Development of variety composition and technology of quality wine pro-

Introduction to the System of Agricultural Research Institutions Institutions of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences 34 35

Mezőgazdasági Kutatóintézet (MTA MKI) Növényvédelmi Kutatóintézet (MTA NKI) aGRicultuRal ReseaRch institute, has Plant PRotection institute, has Martonvásár wheat varieties occupy Program for the AGRISAFE Project, being carried out to remove pesticide Address: 2462 Martonvásár, over half a million hectares each year, aimed at turning the institute into a Address: 1022 Budapest, residues from polluted soils by using Brunszvik u. 2. almost half the wheat-growing area of regional research and training centre Herman Ottó út 15. plants. Tel.: +36 22 569 500 Hungary. The Martonvásár wheat pro- for Central Europe with the task of Tel.: +36 1 487 7500 Fax: +36 22 460 213 gram has thus been a market leader preparing agricultural scientists, breed- Fax: +36 1 487 7555 ecotoxicology and environmental E-mail: [email protected] for more than 15 years. A major aim is ers, innovation experts and farmers to E-mail: [email protected] analysis Website: www.mgki.hu to select varieties with excellent grain cope with the consequences of climate Website: www.nki.hu Research at the department focuses on quality and high protein content. A change. the effects of pesticides and agricultural The profi le of the Agricultural Research total of 15 Martonvásár varieties have Institute staff play an active part in The Plant Protection Institute (PPI) is a technologies on the environment, part- Institute of the Hungarian Academy of been registered abroad in 10 countries undergraduate and postgraduate edu- non-profi t institution of the Hungarian ly by monitoring the presence of given Sciences (www.mgki.hu) involves com- over the last decade. cation, especially at the Szent István, Academy of Sciences, with widespread pollutants (chemical and bioanalysis), plex, interdependent, basic, methodo- The international compatibility of the Pannon, Debrecen and Corvinus Uni- international connections. PPI’s primary and partly by studying the consequent logical and applied research projects institute’s research program is well il- versities, all of which have established task is basic research, but with links to modifi cations in the biota at individual culminating in practical applications. lustrated by its participation in four teaching departments in Martonvásár, applied research. PPI is divided into six and population levels (ecotoxicology). The basic aim is to use the internation- integrated projects in the 6th EU Fra- and at Károly Róbert College. scientifi c departments, as follows: horticultural crops, ornamentals in ally renowned germplasm accumulated mework Program (HEALTHGRAIN, As a sign of the international recogni- Pathophysiology urban environments and/or causing in Martonvásár over the past sixty years, BIO-EXPLOIT, MICROMAIZE, BIO- tion of plant breeding in Martonvásár, biotechnology The main goal is to investigate the plant health problems in forestry, natu- combined with up-to-date methods SAFENET) and two in the 7th Frame- the secretariat of EUCARPIA, the Our main goal is to establish disease/ mechanisms of plant disease resistance ral reserves. Fungal species useful in from the fi elds of genetics, physiology, work Program (DROPS, SOLIBAM). European Association for Plant Breed- stress-resistant plants using molecular against viruses, bacteria and fungi. The the biological control of fungal plant cell and reproduction biology, molecu- Based on experiments carried out in ing Research, has been located in the biological techniques such as transfor- Bacteriology Group studies various pathogens and weeds have also been lar breeding, functional genomics, bio- the phytotron, basic and applied re- institute since 2008. The institute is mation, in vitro selection, and induced defense responses of plants against studied. Studies deal with the etiology technology, plant breeding and crop search has been underway for nearly 20 also the headquarters of the Pannonian resistance. Bacteriophages are studied bacteria, mainly Pseudomonads. The and epidemiology of fruit tree diseas- production, in order to develop new years on the probable effects of climate Plant Biotechnology Association, and is if they can be used against the disease Biochemistry Group studies the role of es, mycotoxin production of Fusarium plant genotypes satisfying the future change. In 2008, this led to the institute home to the fi rst organic plant breed- called fi re blight of pome fruits. Cross plant hormones, glutathione and of var- spp., powdery mildew infections and demands of society and to carry out re- being the fi rst in Hungary to be award- ing research unit in Hungary. protection is studied against phytoplas- ious oxylipins in the focus of its inves- plant diseases caused by Phytophthora search on production technologies and ed a grant from the 7th Framework ma diseases that may protect the plants tigations. The Pathophysiology Group spp. Molecular tools have been applied the environment. Ongoing projects for their entire lifespan. concentrates on the resistance of plant in the precise identifi cation, phylogeny include an analysis of the agroecologi- diseases, on the role of pro- and antioxi- and intraspecifi c variability of several cal equilibrium, the production of raw organic chemistry dants in disease/stress response. Stud- fungal pathogens, as well as in the study materials for healthy nutrition, cereal The department aims at the molecular ies on the virulence analysis of wheat of their fungicide resistance. chemistry and grain quality analysis, the modeling, design and synthesis of new leaf and stem rusts are also involved. development of durable stress resist- pesticide molecules, as well as the study The Virology Group investigates the zoology ance, and improvements in seed safety, of their biological activity, types of ac- epidemiology of new, economically im- The department studies the ecology in order to meet the requirements of tivity and side effects. The department portant viruses. and biology of pests with the fi nal aim sustainable development. The devel- searches for lead compounds display- of developing new, environmentally opment of new germplasm is greatly ing bioactivity of interest in the fi eld Plant Pathology sound plant protection methods. The promoted by the cereal gene bank es- of pest control and performs molecule Activities have been focused on the regulatory role of benefi cial parasitoids tablished in the institute. optimization using computer-aided biology and control of fungal plant and predators of pests, in the frame of The fi rst international success achieved molecule design methods. Projects are pathogens infecting agricultural and integrated pest management (IPM) is by Martonvásár plant breeders came in investigated. Special attention is paid 1953, with the development of the fi rst to virus causing epidemics in cultivated hybrid maize in Europe. The main aim plants. Biodiversity of natural parks are of the present research program is to studied with special regard also to land- achieve better abiotic and biotic stress scape management. Developing new tolerance, leading to stable yielding methods against key pests in urban eco- ability under the continental climate systems serves improvements of human conditions of Eastern Europe. Some of habitats. By studying the infochemical the new grain maize hybrids satisfy spe- ecology of insects and identifying their cial processing needs: hybrids with high pheromones, evolutionary processes starch content, suitable for fermenta- are tracked, and species-specifi c, highly tion, have been developed for bioetha- sensitive traps for monitoring of pests, nol production, while high-yielding, benefi cial biological control agents, and easily digestible hybrids with altered for studying biodiversity are developed. plant architecture, resulting in a larger New projects focus on challenges by in- number of leaves above the ear, have vasive pests and the impact of climate been bred for silage production. change on insects. intRoduction to the system of aGRicultuRal ReseaRch institutions institutions of the hunGaRian academy of sciences 36 37

Talaj és Agrokémiai Kutatóintézet (MTA TAKI) Földrajztudományi Kutató Intézet (MTA FKI) ReseaRch institute foR soil science the GeoGRaPhical ReseaRch institute, has and aGRicultuRal chemistRy, has cal information systems in land evalu- Address: 1112 Budapest, ation studies and in land use planning, of soil biogeochemical processes. The Research topics in the fi eld of soil Budaörsi út 45. application of remote sensing methods, Address: 1022 Budapest, main task in sustainable land use and biology and soil biochemistry Tel.: +36 1 309 2686 land capability analysis and climate Herman Ottó str. 15. rational soil management is the control • Development of soil (bio)techno- Fax: +36 1 309 2686 change studies (aridifi cation and its Tel.: +36 1 212 2265 of soil processes: mass and energy re- logical risk-eliminating methods and E-mail: [email protected] consequences). The department has a Fax: +36 1 212 2265 gimes, abiotic and biotic transport and tools for environment conservation, Website: www.mtafki.hu well-equipped laboratory for physical E-mail: [email protected] transformation and their interactions. for the reduction of environmental and chemical analyses of soil, sediment Website: www.mta-taki.hu stress effects, and for the remediation The Geographical Research Institute and water samples. The department Research topics in the fi eld of soil of damaged, polluted areas. of the Hungarian Academy of Sci- has been involved in many national and 1. about the institute science • Study and controlled application of ences was established in 1951 as a re- international projects e.g. MEDALUS The Research Institute for Soil Science • Soil degradation processes and the soil–plant–microbe interactions. search group and it became a research (MEditerranean Desertifi cation And and Agricultural Chemistry of HAS was possibilities of their control and pre- • Development of alternative soil amel- institute in 1967. The main task of the Land USe) II. and III. (EU FW 4 and 5), established in 1949. It is the scientifi c vention. iorants, study of the role of benefi cial institute is the development of theo- SOWAP (SOil and WAter Protection, centre for soil science, agrochemistry, • Characterization of soil water man- microbes and potential pathogens in retical bases and methodology for EU LIFE), BORASSUS (FP6 – INCO). soil biology and soil biochemistry in agement, and the control of extreme the food chain. physical, human and regional geogra- Hungary. moisture situations. Modeling of the • Study of the vegetation components phy, studies on spatial processes and main Research topics loss, nutrient loss and runoff, studies The aim of the Institute’s activities is moisture regime in soil–plant–atmos- of phytoremediation and phytosta- interrelationships; temporal and spatial • Landscape studies, including ongo- on sheet and gully erosion, mapping to contribute to the development of phere systems. bilization, analysis of soil–vegetation survey of the interaction between man ing research on the natural micro- of rills and gullies, identifi cation of sustainable agriculture, soil conserva- • Characterization of soil quality by the interrelations. and environment; assessment of fac- regions of Hungary, and updating the main factors of gully develop- tion and rational soil management. In exploration of the relationships be- • Taxonomy of AM fungi. tors of the geographical environment the volume entitled “Cadastre of the ment, soil erosion control. addition to fundamental research, the tween physical, chemical and micro- with a special reference to natural and natural micro-regions of Hungary” • The effects of conservation agricul- Institute participates signifi cantly in ap- biological soil properties. Research topics in the fi eld of socio-economic resources and to the published by the Institute. ture on the soil, on the environment plied research, educational, advisory agrochemistry and plant nutrition emerging socio-economic problems in • Investigations on land degradation and on biodiversity; sustainable ag- and information activities within the Research topics in the fi eld of • Elaboration of a site-specifi c preci- the Carpatho-Pannonian area (mainly and desertifi cation in Hungary, in riculture and its role in future land- framework of extensive national and in- environmental informatics sion plant production system. in Hungary); international cooperation; the Mediterranean and in the Third scape development. ternational cooperation projects. • Elaboration and development of • Recycling of organic matter originat- documentation and dissemination of World. • Accumulation and remobilization of expert and monitoring systems sup- ing from the crop production process research results. • The effects of climate change on the heavy metals on active fl ood plains. main research topics: porting agricultural, environmental, into the natural nutrient cycle. The institute maintains important inter- environment, assessment of the risks • Spatial information techniques. • Qualitative and quantitative char- landscape and water management. • The processing and utilization of haz- national contacts with many countries of increasing drought in the central • Land use history and land use chang- acterization of the soils’ physico- • Spatial-temporal modeling of envi- ardous wastes of animal origin. world-wide and has taken part in many part of the country, on the Danube- es in Hungary, land use planning, in- chemical-biological state and the ronmental resources, environmental • Development and testing of a new, international projects, including several Tisza Interfl uve, changes in fl ora and vestigations on sustainable land use methodological development of their information modeling. cost and environmentally-friendly EU FW projects. soil dynamics. for the future. monitoring. • Development, integration and analy- fertilization advisory system. The importance of research activities in • Soil erosion on agricultural land, • Quantifi cation and prediction of soil sis of spatial soil information systems. • Dynamic simulation modelling of the fi elds of physical geography and soil modeling, plot measurements on soil processes. Digital soil mapping. water balance, nutrient balance and science has increased tremendously, • Development of scientifi cally based, • Development of a soil ecological in- biological processes of the soil-plant- mainly because nature protection and rational plant nutrition. dicator system: studying soil biologi- atmosphere system. environmental problems are presently • Analysis of the role of micronutrients cal activity and biodiversity, building the focus of scientifi c and public inter- in soil processes. a soil mesofauna database. est. Soil erosion, land and landscape • Prevention and reduction of soil pol- degradation processes also threaten lution and its unfavorable environ- the area of Hungary, and the main task mental consequences. of the Department of Physical Geogra- phy is to investigate these topics from Research objectives and topics the aspect of practicality. Soils represent a considerable part of The Department of Physical Geog- the natural resources of Hungary, their raphy undertakes the following activi- rational utilization, conservation and ties: soil erosion research (fi eld meas- the maintenance of their multipurpose urements on plots and in catchments, functionality are of particular signifi - erosion mapping and modeling), ag- cance both, for the national economy ricultural pollution research, basic and and environment protection, and re- applied geo-ecological investigations quire continuous, deliberate efforts. with special reference to ecosystems, The smooth operation of soil functions land degradation and desertifi cation is ensured by the integrated impacts studies in semi-arid and sub-humid en- of soil properties, which are the result vironments, application of geographi- intRoduction to the system of aGRicultuRal ReseaRch institutions institutions of the hunGaRian academy of sciences 38 39

Regionális Kutatások Központja (MTA RKK) Magyar Tejgazdasági Kísérleti Intézet Kft. (MTKI) centRe foR ReGional studies, has hunGaRian diaRy ReseaRch institute related issues from previous decades: special emphasis on biomass-based profi table. The Institute owns ten pat- only in Hungary, but also worldwide Address: 7621 Pécs, Regions of the Carpathian Basin (12 renewable energy production and the Address: 9200 Mosonmagyaróvár, ents and processes, which are used by (Ireland, Argentina, the USA). Papnövelde u. 22. volumes), Great Plain Studies (19), Vil- related issues of waste management.) Lucsony u. 24. Hungarian dairy processors, as well as In addition to its research and devel- Tel.: +36 72 523 800 lage Conference (3), Discussion Papers • Delineating a new – complex – mi- Tel.: +36 96 215 711 by dairy processors in other countries opment (R&D) activities, by capital- Fax: +36 72 523 803 (6), as well as 18 individual volumes in cro-regional typology of rural spaces Fax: +36 96 215 789 worldwide. There are several successful izing on its intellectual capacities, the E-mail: [email protected] the Hungarian or English language. (The results have made it clear that it E-mail: [email protected] and popular new generation products Institute also provides a broad range Website: www.rkk.hu is possible to identify complex agrar- Website: www.mtki.hu on the Hungarian dairy market (includ- of services and expert advisory services major research programs from the ian space types which can serve as a ing cheeses and processed cheeses, low in Hungary and abroad. These serv- The Centre for Regional Studies of last 2 years: basis for a future, renewed Hungar- calorie butters and dairy spreads, des- ices are supported by well-equipped, the Hungarian Academy of Sciences • Bioenergetics – society – balanced ian agrarian and rural development serts, functional dairy products), the hygiene-microbiology and physical- (CRS) was founded as a network of in- rural development (The program policy, regional and rural planning.) production technologies of which have chemical laboratories that have food stitutes in 1984 as the legal successor of studies the details of the use of the • For several years, the Centre for Re- been elaborated by the Institute. and pharmaceutical accreditations. the Transdanubian Research Institute, thermal capacity of solid biomass, as gional Studies has assisted the gov- Over the past two decades, the Insti- In Hungary, the Institute represents sev- founded in 1943. The CRS has its head- well as the social and economic envi- ernment in laying the groundwork tute has excelled in the advancement eral renowned multinational manufac- quarters in Pécs and four institutes with ronment of the production and use of for the development of the Danube of membrane separation technologies. turers of natural food additives and dis- further departments covering the entire bio-fuels, with the purpose of maxi- region. In 2009, research staff ana- New products and their technologies tributes their products to the entire food territory of Hungary. mizing the positive impacts of bioen- lyzed national development plans have been developed, such as cream industry. The aim is to support foodstuff As the fundamental institute of regional ergetics on rural development, in the concerning the river from countries The Institute was founded by Imre white cheese (Feta type cheese) based manufacturers in producing healthy studies in Hungary, the Centre contrib- broader sense of the enumeration of situated along the Danube, prepared Ujhelyi. The Institute currently employs on the combination of ultrafi ltration and foods that satisfy the highest consumer uted to the survey of spatial principles micro-regional development effects the English-language edition of the a staff of about seventy and operates as vacuum evaporation, high-fat cream demands by using the Institute’s devel- and the domestic and international and factors of reindustrialization.) almanac titled “The Danube in Hun- a commercial company, with a market- cheeses, whey cheeses, milk protein opment experiences gained over more dissemination of research results; its • The Role of Environmental Indus- garian regional development”, and, oriented approach and through the concentrates and micellar casein ob- than a century, by utilizing its unique research laying the groundwork for the try in Regional Reindustrialization in developing three alternate scenarios, continuous development of its research tained by combining microfi ltration and laboratory and pilot plant background territorial policies and development Hungary (The book deals with the examined the possibility of the con- achievements and services. Presently, ultrafi ltration. The processes invented and by offering the reliable, innovative, strategies of the European Union and Hungarian characteristics and pos- struction of the Danube–Tisza canal. the Institute is self-supporting and by the Institute are now being used not natural additives of its partners. Hungary. Its applied research has di- sibilities of environmental industry; A signifi cant program under realization rectly contributed to the establishment with individual chapters dedicated is the ESPAN Pannon Energy Strat- and management of balanced and sus- to its various segments. Taking the egy (with the aim of elaborating a joint Országos Húsipari Kutatóintézet Közhasznú Nonprofi t Kft. (OHKI) tainable spatial structures. The eight characteristic Hungarian features cross-border regional renewable en- decentralized research units of CRS into consideration, the book places ergy strategy). hunGaRian meat ReseaRch institute consider the analysis of specifi c territo- rial features a major task, beyond their examinations, environment protection; to BSE, developed EU-conform “or- own research profi les. Address: 1097 Budapest, control of food-borne micro-organisms ganic” meat products from indigenous Gubacsi út 6/b. causing health and spoilage problems; Hungarian animals (Mangalitsa pig and Research directions: Tel.: +36 1 215 7350/186 development of analytical methods Hungarian Grey cattle) and new func- • International environment of regional Fax: +36 1 215 0626 for quality control, thermal treatment tional meat products with olive oil, oat development, EU cohesion policy E-mail: [email protected] and production technologies, develop- bran, CLA, antioxidants of plant origin, and funding Website: www.ohki.hu ment of machines and products. Some as well as a method of assessing the • Regional development in Central and of the timeliest tasks are in connection shelf life of meat products with particu- Eastern Europe The Hungarian Meat Research Institute with efforts made for healthy nutrition, lar reference to food safety. • Territorial processes and regional was founded in 1959. Over a period of including the education of consumers, policy in Hungary more than fi fty years, the Institute has the correct application of additives and • Factors infl uencing the territorial become the most important profession- ingredients in the meat industry and structure of the economy al center for meat science and process- the introduction of modern packaging • Typology of spaces and network of ing and has contributed to the knowl- technology. The Institute’s underlying settlements edge of this discipline with a number research activities were carried out pri- • The impact of the system of public ad- of achievements also acknowledged at marily in the framework of international ministration and institutions on com- international level. The most outstand- co-operation fi nanced by the European petitiveness and territorial cohesion ing research achievements: research Union, e.g. it has proven results that • Human resources and social environ- fi ndings on the study of meat maturing through the use of fermented dry sau- ment, human capital and curing, salami drying and ripen- sage technologies presently employed • Territorial aspects of environmental ing processes, preservation of casings; in Hungary, producers may always protection protein extractability; development of guarantee a minimum 5 log reduction • Methodology of regional research technology for new types of raw fer- of E. coli O157:H7 count; the Institute Published books containing detailed mented sausages; introduction of appli- offered a model in cattle slaughtering studies on environmental and agrarian cation of starter cultures; nutritive value to meet the new requirements related intRoduction to the system of aGRicultuRal ReseaRch institutions otheR institutions 40 41

Környezetvédelmi és Vízgazdálkodási Kutató Intézet Nonprofi t Közhasznú Kft. (VITUKI) and climate data processing. Research ReseaRch institute foR enviRonment and wateR manaGement and development have always been a part of the Service’s domestic scope of and engineering services in the follow- • Environmental baseline surveys, activities; however, research work today Address: 1095 Budapest, ing domains: impact reports, assessments is mostly done within the scope of in- Kvassay Jenő út 1. • Comprehensive water quality ternational co-operation. Through its Tel.: +36 1 215 6140 scientific and management studies data collection and scientifi c work, the Fax: +36 1 216 1514 inteRnational affaiRs • Quality assurance - quality control, OMSZ is linked with other disciplines E-mail: vituki[kukac]vituki.hu • Secretarial Services for IHP/NHP inter-calibration programs and often participates in international Website: www.vituki.hu National Committee • National Water Quality Central projects, as well. The OMSZ is an active • Education and training • Co-ordination of the National participant in fl ood protection works, air VITUKI was founded in 1952 on the • Remote sensing and aerial Clean-up Program quality control and disaster prevention. foundations of the former Hydrologic photography The liaison with the general public and Institute, to perform for the Hungarian • Co-ordination of Water Framework suPPoRt seRvices the contact with experts on impact stud- Water Management service both basic Directive activities • Soil mechanical explorations ies are essential elements of our work, and applied research, as well as studies and testing too. In addition to daily weather reports, related to the development, conserva- wateR manaGement • Licensing, e.g. products and equip- we also carry out special sub-regional tion and sound management of water • Surveys and investigations on the ment for use in the Hungarian water computations. resources of the country. Integrated various types of surface and industry with the Hungarian Hydrological Serv- groundwater ice, established in 1886, and supported • Water resources studies, fl ood by hydraulic, hydro-machinery, hydro- control-, hydropower- and navigation Földmérési és Távérzékelési Intézet (FÖMI) chemical, hydro-biological and soil development mechanical laboratories; equipment, • Short- and long-term hydrological institute of Geodesy, caRtoGRaPhy and Remote sensinG instrumentation and computer facili- forecasting ties, VITUKI has emerged as one of • Surveillance of existing structures Other operational applications, such (2002-2004). Based on its results, an the most complex water-oriented, full- • Design, laboratory- and fi eld calibra- Address: 1149 Budapest, as remote sensing control of national ambitious national Operational Rag- service professional organizations in tion of measuring weirs, fl umes, Bosnyák tér 5. and EU area-based subsidies (its basis weed Control Program could be de- Europe, with an annual turnover of 6.7 devices and current meters Tel.: +36 1 222 5101 is the LPIS_Hu), satellite-based water- signed and is currently being carried million Euros. There are approximately • Seepage studies Fax: +36 1 222 5112 log assessment and impact monitoring, out every year. Its main pillar is the pro- 110 highly qualifi ed specialists on the E-mail: [email protected] fl ood and drought monitoring and the duction of the ragweed risk map using staff of the total 235 employees, includ- enviRonmental and Website: www.fomi.hu assessment of vineyard and orchard ar- remote sensing. Recent research activ- ing civil, chemical, electrical, mechani- natuRe PRotection eas were growing out from the CROP- ity is focusing on utilization of radar re- cal engineers, geologists, biologists, • Quality surveys and monitoring FÖMI was established in 1967, and is MON technology basis. The ESA mote sensing data, as well. mathematicians, geophysicists and strategies elaboration the basic institute for the implemen- Prodex (2000-2004)- and ESA-PECS The FÖMI’s GNSSnet.hu service also agronomists. VITUKI offers a compre- • Toxicological and hydro-biological tation of research and development ENVISAT (2004-2007) projects for provides real-time corrections for pre- hensive range of research, consulting analyses programs resulting in applied technolo- regional fl ood/waterlog and drought cision farming. Using the automatized gies of remote sensing and GIS mainly monitoring were also conducted by steering of the engines, the farmers can in the areas of agriculture and envi- FÖMI. save signifi cant amounts of seed, fertiliz- ronmental protection. FÖMI works in Based on CROPMON technologies, ers and pesticides. FÖMI also started close cooperation with the Hungarian a specifi c ragweed recognition meth- the offi cial calibration of GPS receivers Országos Meteorológia Szolgálat (OMSZ) Space Offi ce, and it is member of the odology was developed and validated applied in the SAPS on-the spot-checks. hunGaRian meteoRoloGical seRvice European Association of Remote Sens- ing Laboratories (EARSeL). standards and has tried to follow the atmosphere, the OMSZ continuously FÖMI carries out applied research activ- Address: 1024 Budapest, demands of the government, economy takes measurements and collects data, ities in partnership with European insti- Kitaibel Pál u. 1. and general public. One portion of which are then statistically processed tutions (e.g. FP7 projects) in the fi eld of Tel.: +36 1 346 4660 the operational costs of the OMSZ is and archived. The operational mete- the advanced methods of land coverage Fax: +36 1 346 4669 covered by the central budget, while orological and atmospheric measuring / land use mapping, statistical validation E-mail: [email protected] the other portion is met through the and observational network constitutes and environmental applications. Website: www.met.hu Service’s own business activities and a major part of the budget expendi- Within the framework of the National scientifi c foundations. Being a nation- tures. The information system of the Crop Monitoring and Production The Hungarian Meteorological Service al service, the OMSZ represents the OMSZ now can handle 140 GB of data Forecast Program (CROPMON 1997- (OMSZ) is a central authority that is country at international meteorological daily, which means transmitting, post- 2003), FÖMI provided country and responsible for governmental tasks as- organizations. In order to know more processing and systematizing not only county-level crop production forecasts sociated with atmospheric environment about atmospheric phenomena and Hungarian, but also international, data spanning an entire season, based on the and meteorology. Since its foundation processes, as well as to provide relevant provided by satellites, radar and light- remote sensing, measurements of the in 1870, it has always carried out its du- and comprehensive information on the ning detectors. The most important areas and the expected yields of the 8 ties in accordance with international past, present and future state of the tasks of meteorology are forecasting main crops in Hungary. intRoduction to the system of aGRicultuRal ReseaRch institutions otheR institutions 42

Gyógynövénykutató Intézet Kft. (GYKI) Research Institute for Medicinal Plants R+D are focused on three areas: • Chemical, analytical development: Address: 2011 Budakalász, 1. Biological agronomy R+D plant-analytical research projects; de- Lupaszigeti út 4. • MP breeding: by classical and molec- velopment of new chromatographic Tel.: +36 26 340 533 ular methods. Breeding of poppy va- and coupled methods (GC–MS, Fax: +36 26 343 195 rieties with high morphine, codeine, CE–MS, HPLC–MS). E-mail: [email protected] thebaine and oripavine contents. The • Extraction-technological R+D: isola- Website: www.gynki.hu Institute is owner of 30 registered MP tion of new active-ingredient com- varieties. pounds from plant basic materials. The primary aim of founding the Insti- • Agrotechnological research projects: • Plant-tissue identification work. tute in 1915 was the exploration, collec- for utilization of the varieties’ genetic 3. Production of herbal medicines and tion, processing and domestication of values. APIs wild medicinal plants (MPs). Propaga- • Genetic basic research projects: in- • Production of MP extracts and herbal tion of valuable stocks, API analysis of heritance and correlation analyses; medicines in GMP (Good Manufac- MP drugs and control over the trade genotype-environment interactions. turing Practice) system. with MP drugs were set as further tasks. • Gene reservation: exploration, moni- • Production of herbal medicines The MP control and qualification sys- toring of wild MPs; diversity examina- (CHOLAVIT, DIURO, PROS- tem, elaborated here in the 1930s, has tions. In-ex situ gene-bank preserva- TAGUTTA, RESCULINI, ROBO- been introduced in numerous countries tion of 1100-1300 MP species. The FITT), developed as a result of R+D as a model to be followed. Institute’s chemotaxonomic garden is in the Institute’s modern pharmaceu- During the past almost 100 years, activ- a nature-conservation area. tical plant. ities have been expanded significantly 2. MP drug analysis • Production of MP-based dietary sup- by extending MP research and devel- • API analyses: in R+D experimental plements and functional foods. opment (R+D). samples using modern techniques. 43

HUNGARIAN AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE IN FIGURES

GDP share of R&D expenditure (2000-2009)

1,2

1,1

1,0 GDP % GDP 0,9

0,8 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

The gross domestic expenditure (private and public sector) • Lisbon target: 3% of GDP, Hungary’s commitment: on Research and Development was EUR 1,060 million in 1.80% of GDP. 2009, equal to 1.15% of GDP. • EU average: 1.85% of GDP.

Share of agricultural R&D units by fi eld of science (2009)

Cultivation horticulture 43% Veterinary sciences 7% Other 18% Animal sciences 13% Food product sciences 8% Forestry and hunting 5% Agricultural biotechnology 6%

In 2009, 240 Research and Development units were active in agriculture. About half of them were enter- prises and about 100 belonged to higher education. The rest carried out their activities under the direc- tion of other governmental supervisory bodies.

More than 4000 people were employed in agricultural R&D units in 2009, of which the average percentage of scientists and engineers was 47%.

R&D expenditure in agricultural sciences, mil. HUF (2007-2009)

current expenditure 17 098.00 17 868.60 19011.80 capital expenditure

Despite the economic crisis, there was a slight increase in both the current R&D expenditure and R&D capital 1 475.70 1 832.60 1915.60 expenditure between 2007 and 2009.

2007 2008 2009 Source: www.ksh.hu

HUNGARIAN AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES IN FIGURES 20 31 13 BUDAKALÁSZ KOMPOLT 12 MOSONMAGYARÓVÁR 38 19 ÚJFEHÉRTÓ GÖDÖLLŐ SARRÓD 2 17 HERCEGHALOM BUDAPEST DEBRECEN TÁPIÓSZELE 3 27 9 SÁRVÁR MARTONVÁSÁR 11 CEGLÉD KESZTHELY 24 16 4 KECSKEMÉT SZARVAS

HÓDMEZŐVÁSÁRHELY 14 21 KAPOSVÁR 18 KALOCSA SZEGED 15 25 30 PÉCS

GÖDÖLLŐ 6 II. OTHER STATE OWNED INSTITUTIONS 7 23 Research Institute for Fruitgrowing and Ornamentals 8 10 11 Fruit Research Institute of Cegléd 12 Fertőd Fruit Production Reserach and Development Non-profi t Ltd. 13 Research and Extension Centre for Fruit Growing 14 Red Pepper Research-Development Non-profi t Ltd. 28 5 37 15 Cereal Research Non-profi t Ltd. 16 Research Institute for Vegetable Growing Co. Ltd. 29 34 26

22 1 III. INSTITUTIONS OF THE MINISTRY OF NATIONAL RESOURCES 29 33 32 17 Centre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen 18 Faculty of Animal Science, University of Kaposvár 19 Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Research, Károly Róbert College 20 Agricultural and Food Sciences Research, University of West Hungary 21 Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged 22 Budapest Covinus University 23 Szent István University 10 24 Georgikon Faculty, University of Pannonia 25 Institute of Viticulture and Oenology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs

IV. INSTITUTIONS OF THE HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES BUDAPEST 26 Veterinary Medical Research Institute, HAS 27 Agricultural Research Institute, HAS 28 Plant Protection Institute, HAS 29 Research Institute for Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, HAS 30 The Geographical Research Institute, HAS I. INSTITUTIONS OF THE MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT 31 Centre for Regional Studies, HAS

1 Research Institute of Agricultural Economics 2 Research Institute for Animal Breeding and Nutrition V. OTHER INSTITUTIONS 3 Forest Research Institute 4 Research Institute for Fisheries, Aquaculture and Irrigation 32 Hungarian Diary Research Institute 5 Central Food Research Institute 33 Hungarian Meat Research Institute 6 Agricultural Biotechnology Center 34 Research Institute for Environment and Water Management 7 Hungarian Institute of Agricultural Engineering 35 Hungarian Meteorological Service 8 Institute for Small Animal Research and Co-ordination Centre for Gene Conservation 36 Institute of Geodesy, Cartography and Remote Sensing 9 Research Centre For Agrobiodiversity 37 Research Institute for Medicinal Plants