DOCSLIB.ORG

Haiti Is a Sliding Land: Displacement, Community, and Humanitarianism in Post-Earthquake Port-Au-Prince

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Haiti Is a Sliding Land: Displacement, Community, and Humanitarianism in Post-Earthquake Port-Au-Prince HAITI IS A SLIDING LAND: DISPLACEMENT, COMMUNITY, AND HUMANITARIANISM IN POST-EARTHQUAKE PORT-AU-PRINCE Laura Rose Wagner A dissertation submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Anthropology Department at the University of North Carolina. Chapel Hill 2014 Approved by: Peter Redfield Laurent Dubois Charles Price Michele Rivkin-Fish Merrill Singer Karla Slocum © 2014 Laura Rose Wagner ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Laura Wagner: Haiti is a Sliding Land: Displacement, Community, and Humanitarianism in Post-Earthquake Port-au-Prince (Under the direction of Peter Redfield) A Haitian proverb suggests that the country has long been a sliding land, a site of uncertainty and chronic catastrophe. On January 12, 2010, Haiti collapsed suddenly into sudden, telegenic disaster when a devastating earthquake hit its capital, Port-au-Prince, killing hundreds of thousands of people and destroying much of the city. The disaster both gave rise to an unprecedented urban displacement crisis, and engendered the promise of humanitarian and reconstruction aid and a flow of moral sentiment. Yet the earthquake and its aftermath were but the most striking manifestations of centuries-long patterns of vulnerability, life under an aid economy, and displacement. Even before the earthquake, Haiti was infamously known as the "republic of NGOs", while the history of slavery, uprooting, revolution, internal migration, and exile shaped Haitian people’s conceptions of home and community. Despite – and because of – Haiti’s long history of foreign intervention and the initial appeal to “save Haiti” in the wake of the 2010 earthquake, the post-disaster humanitarian effort has been regarded by Haitians, non-Haitian aid workers, and the media alike as an unequivocal failure. This work examines the lived experiences of Haitian people (including aid beneficiaries and those who did not receive aid) and expatriate aid providers alike to provide a nuanced, personal, behind-the-scenes perspective on a well-known, highly publicized disaster in a long- misrepresented and sensationalized land. It also presents an analysis of the structural limitations and personal obligations experienced by Haitian and non-Haitian actors operating within a complicated aid economy. This work is ultimately about everyday responses to and ways of speaking about exceptional conditions. Amid suffering, loss, and sudden and chronic disaster, everyday life endures in Haiti, however unrepresented by the media and aid organizations. Haitian people depend on everyday practices, ordinary acts of cooperation, compassion and community, and humor to survive, cope with, and comment on everything from the initial moment of disaster to long-term displacement, loss and grief, the structures, limits, and failures of international aid, and death itself. iv To Melise Rivien, a strong woman who had faith And to Claudine St. Fleur, for the past and the future. Tèz sa a dedye a Melise Rivien, yon fanm djanm ki te gen lafwa Epi a Claudine St. Fleur, pou tout sa k pase ak tout sa ki pral rive. v Ayiti se tè glise. Haiti is a sliding land. -- Haitian proverb vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Yon sèl dwèt pa manje kalalou. A single finger cannot eat okra. In honor of all the moun jeremi whose stories and experiences shape so much of this narrative, and all the tonmtonm with okra sauce that we ate together, that is the proverb that should start us off. One of the few things as slippery as okra sauce is a dissertation that tries to cover so much time and so many things, and there is no way on this earth I could have done it without the support, knowledge, expertise, and energy of so many people, in so many roles, in so many places. First I must profoundly thank countless friends, storytellers, and ordinary acquaintances in Haiti who shared their lives, their time, their experiences, and their expertise with me – who showed, time and time again, the meaning of community ties. M pa tap la si li pat pou kouraj ak vayans Prenel Michel ak John Ornélus te genyen 12 javye. Mèsi paske nou pat lage m; mèsi pou lavi m. Claudine St. Fleur, mwen pa ka menm eksprime tout sa ou ye pou mwen, men mwen kwè ou gentan konnen deja. Istwa sa a pa tap egziste si li pat pou ou ak fanmi w. Mwen remesye w enfiniman, epi mwen renmen w anpil. Pou tout manm Kojepens yo – sitou Claudine, Wesline Ciceron, Bazelet St. Louis, Élie Dupalis, Nancy Petit-Frère – talan ak enèji nou an se yon gwo sous enspirasyon pou mwen. Mèsi pou tout pasyans nou te pran avè m. Besita ak Bencille Jeune te vin tankou fanmi m – mèsi. Kéthia Édouard se yon bon timoun. Se nou menm ki fè ti apatman mwen tounen yon kay tout bon vrè. Mwen remesye tout moun nan lakou a – sitou David ak Jocelin, Gwo bo ak gwo remèsiman a makomè m Damilove Gorguette ak fiyèl mwen Alissa Nazaire. Mwen remesye tout moun Dejèm yo pou tout tonmtonm nan; kominote sa a vii tèlman akeyan. Joëlle Coupaud gave me a place to stay when I was afraid to sleep under roofs and picking fights. Herns Marcelin and all the folks at INURED made my first experiences in Haiti possible and facilitated my entry into Cité Soleil. INURED’s Félix St. Fleur, who died too young, was so patient and kind as I learned Creole. My years in Port-au-Prince would not have been complete without coffee every morning at sunrise on the galerie of Maryse Jean-Jacques, listening to the radio, talking about politics and watching my cat chase anoles up the almond tree. Kathie Klarreich told me to get off my butt and get to work – I thank her for tough love and second chances. Jean Casimir never let me give up on my research and showed me what true grace and diplomacy look like; Venante Thermogène is simply one of the best people out there. Josiane Hudicourt-Barnes is the kind of manman poul who gives you a needed peck with her beak when necessary – thank you, Josiane, for your friendship and support, and for being okay with my borrowing your uncle Max’s desk for a while. If my work in any way does justice to that generation of Haitian intellectuals and fighters, I’ll consider it a success. I am one of many researchers and writers to rely upon Jacques Bartoli and his lakou – thank you for all of it, Ti Jak, but particularly for bringing the past to life. Stateside, incalculable thanks to Martha, Bradley, and Adah King (and often Rosemary), who unquestioningly took me into their home and family for three months after the earthquake, who showed, as much as anyone else, the vast possibility of household and of fictive kinship. Thank you for the roof over my head, for the games of Settlers of Cataan, for the ice cream. Their acceptance and support made what should have been one of the hardest moments in my life into one of the sweetest. Rachana Rao Umashankar and Dragana, Michael, and Jana Lassiter all welcomed me into their homes as well, and gave me the space to figure out next steps. Mónica, viii Raúl, and Lázaro López were the first people to show up at the hospital, and I am grateful for their years of friendship. Thank you to the entire Department of Anthropology at UNC for their support during that time. Particular thanks to Caela O’Connell, ever practical, ever effective, ever full of common sense, for making sure I had clothes to wear. I am ludicrously lucky; I could not have had a more supportive dissertation committee. With humor, ease and truth, Charles Price has always reminded me to keep my feet on the ground and to make sure my work remains engaged and useful. Laurent Dubois is generous with the spotlight – to him I owe not only this dissertation, but also my first forays into public scholarship and ultimately into published fiction. It is a privilege to be in dialogue with someone who knows so much about Haiti and whose mind works so quickly. Karla Slocum taught me to contextualize my research in the larger history of race and kinship in the Caribbean, and is a model of calmness, professionalism, clear thinking, and resolve. It has been an honor to have Merrill Singer on this committee; it is wonderful to have as a mentor and a friend someone who is so committed to keeping anthropology beholden to social justice and public engagement. Michele Rivkin-Fish has shaped and refined my thinking about health and justice, and has always encouraged my writing in all its forms. Her generosity and enthusiasm – as well as her deep sensitivity for the human – have contributed greatly to this work. Finally, no graduate student could have a better adviser than Peter Redfield – an insightful, inspired scholar, an unconventional thinker, a gorgeous writer, and a kind person. Peter has shown me how to take my work seriously without taking myself too seriously, to embrace my literary sensibilities, to accept and know that it is possible to be many things at once, and to laugh at God. Thank you for your guidance, your humor, and your patience. In addition to their intellectual contributions to this work, I must also thank them all for their encouragement and care (and more than a few ix meals) in the strange months directly after the earthquake, when I found myself suddenly back in North Carolina and adrift. Beyond my committee, I have been so lucky to have intellectual and personal support by other faculty, at my own university and beyond.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Overview of the 2010 Haiti Earthquake
    Overview of the 2010 Haiti Earthquake a) b) Reginald DesRoches, M.EERI, Mary Comerio, M.EERI, c) d) Marc Eberhard, M.EERI, Walter Mooney, M.EERI, a) and Glenn J. Rix, M.EERI The 12 January 2010 Mw 7.0 earthquake in the Republic of Haiti caused an estimated 300,000 deaths, displaced more than a million people, and damaged nearly half of all structures in the epicentral area. We provide an overview of the historical, seismological, geotechnical, structural, lifeline-related, and socioeco- nomic factors that contributed to the catastrophe. We also describe some of the many challenges that must be overcome to enable Haiti to recover from this event. Detailed analyses of these issues are presented in other papers in this volume. [DOI: 10.1193/1.3630129] INTRODUCTION On 12 January 2010, at 4:53 p.m. local time, a magnitude 7.0 earthquake struck the Republic of Haiti, with an epicenter located approximately 25 km south and west of the cap- ital city of Port-au-Prince. Near the epicenter of the earthquake, in the city of Le´ogaˆne, it is estimated that 80%–90% of the buildings were critically damaged or destroyed. The metro- politan Port-au-Prince region, which includes the cities of Carrefour, Pe´tion-Ville, Delmas, Tabarre, Cite Soleil, and Kenscoff, was also severely affected. According to the Govern- ment of Haiti, the earthquake left more than 316,000 dead or missing, 300,0001 injured, and over 1.3 million homeless (GOH 2010). According to the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) the earthquake was the most destructive event any country has experienced in modern times when measured in terms of the number of people killed as a percentage of the country’s population (Cavallo et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Citizenship by Investment Dominica at a Glance
    CITIZENSHIP BY INVESTMENT DOMINICA AT A GLANCE CONTENTS Dominica Dominica at a glance 3 Caribbean Portsmouth Location 5 West Indies Economic Citizenship 7 Two Options for Citizenship 10 Roseau Dominica Real Estate 15 History & Government 16 Explore 19 NTL Trust 27 Though only a pinpoint on the world map, Dominica is simple yet complicated, relaxed yet very busy, sometimes seemingly locked in a past time, yet pushing into NTL Immigration 27 its future – a very alive place on this earth. Simply stated, Dominica is picturesque. A diver’s dream and a hiker’s paradise, Dominica in its unspoiled beauty is unlike any other Caribbean destination. Known as “The Nature Island,” tropical rainforests cover more than two thirds of the island, offering a home to more than 1,200 plant species. It is one of the geologically youngest islands in the Caribbean chain and still evolving with continuous geothermal activity. The island’s volcanic landscape consists of extremely rugged, mountainous terrain. It is home to the highest concentration of volcanoes on the planet; there are nine potentially active volcanoes on the island. Boiling Lake, the world’s second-largest hot spring can be found here. The climate is spring-like; the sun is either shining or it is raining. A day doesn’t go by where one doesn’t see a rainbow. 2 3 Dominica is an island of unsurpassed natural beauty with warm, friendly people. It is 290 square miles in size, and is populated by just over 72,000 people. 365 rivers LOCATION interlace the forests; there are a multitude of waterfalls, some falling hundreds of feet.
    [Show full text]
  • The Impacts of the Haiti 2010 Earthquake on Water and Sanitation in Port-Au- Prince: a Case Study
    THE IMPACTS OF THE HAITI 2010 EARTHQUAKE ON WATER AND SANITATION IN PORT-AU- PRINCE: A CASE STUDY Author: Pierre Charles Denis SUMMER 2015 GLOBAL WATER PARTNERSHIP LINNEGATAN 87D, STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN Pierre Charles Denis, Global Water Partnership, Summer 2015 Table of contents 1. Introduction………………………………………………………………….3 1.1 Background 1.2 Water challenges in Haiti 1.2.1 Infrastructure 1.2.2 Management 2. Post-disaster decisions and actions……………………………….5 2.1 Water delivery 2.2 Solid and hazardous waste management 2.3 Sanitation 2.4 Health 3. Disaster risk reduction management-case of Haiti…………9 4. Outcomes and Lessons learnt………………………………………10 5. References…………………………………………………………………..11 6. Author and contact………………………………………………………12 1 Pierre Charles Denis, Global Water Partnership, Summer 2015 Abbreviations DINEPA Haitian Water and Sanitation National Directorate IDB Inter-American Development Bank MSPP Haitian Ministry of Public Health and Population NGOs Non-governmental Organizations PAHO Pan American Health Organization SMCRS Haitian Department of Solid Waste Management SWANA Solid Waste Association of North America UN United Nations UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNEP United Nations Environment Programme UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund USGS United States Geological Survey WASH Water, Sanitation and Hygiene WHO World Health Organization 2 Pierre Charles Denis, Global Water Partnership, Summer 2015 1. Introduction 1.1 Background Haiti is located in the Caribbean. It occupies the western part of the island of Hispaniola which it shares with Dominican Republic. It is 27, 750 square km in size and its capital city is Port-au-Prince. Map of Haiti (howtoenjoy.co.uk) January 12th, 2010 is an indelible day in the memory of all Haitians.
    [Show full text]
  • Republic of Haiti
    Coor din ates: 1 9 °00′N 7 2 °2 5 ′W Haiti Haiti (/ heɪti/ ( listen); French: Haïti [a.iti]; Haitian ˈ Republic of Haiti Creole: Ayiti [ajiti]), officially the Republic of Haiti (French: République d'Haïti; Haitian Creole: Repiblik République d'Haïti (French) [8] [note 1] Ayiti) and formerly called Hayti, is a Repiblik Ayiti (Haitian Creole) sovereign state located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea. It occupies the western three-eighths of the island, which it shares with the Dominican Republic.[11][12] Haiti is 27 ,7 50 square kilometres (10,7 14 sq mi) in Flag Coat of arms size and has an estimated 10.8 million people,[4] making it the most populous country in the Caribbean Motto: "Liberté, égalité, fraternité" (French)[1] Community (CARICOM) and the second-most "Libète, Egalite, Fratènite" (Haitian Creole) populous country in the Caribbean as a whole. The "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity" region was originally inhabited by the indigenous Motto on traditional coat of arms: Taíno people. Spain landed on the island on 5 "L'union fait la force" (French) [2] December 1492 during the first voyage of Christopher "Inite se fòs" (Haitian Creole) Columbus across the Atlantic. When Columbus "Union makes strength" initially landed in Haiti, he had thought he had found Anthem: La Dessalinienne (French) [13] India or China. On Christmas Day 1492, Columbus' Desalinyèn (Haitian Creole) flagship the Santa Maria ran aground north of what is "The Dessalines Song" 0:00 MENU now Limonade.[14][15][16][17] As a consequence, Columbus ordered his men to salvage what they could from the ship, and he created the first European settlement in the Americas, naming it La Navidad after the day the ship was destroyed.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction
    CENTER FOR EXCELLENCE IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT AND HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE (CFE-DM) CASE STUDY SERIES Case Study No. 6 • A review of Operation Unified Response, the U.S. military’s effort in support of Haiti following the January 2010 Earthquake Introduction On January 12, 2010, a massive earthquake struck southwest of Port-au-Prince, the capital of Haiti, the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere. The magnitude 7.0 earthquake,1 the strongest to strike Haiti in 200 years, lasted for 35 seconds, killing 230,000 people, injuring 300,000 and displacing 1.6 million.2 The day following the earthquake, U.S. President Barack Obama ordered a whole of government response to the disaster. The Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA), part of the U.S. Agency for Interna- tional Development (USAID) led the massive undertaking, marshalling the collective resources of the entire U.S. interagency community, to include the U.S. Department of Defense. Ultimately, over 22,000 members of the U.S. armed services participated in Operation Unified Response, the name of the U.S. military’s effort in support of the Haitian people. “I have directed my administration to respond with a swift, coordinated, and aggressive effort to save lives. The people of Haiti will have the full support of the United States in the urgent effort to rescue those trapped beneath the rubble, and to deliver the humanitarian relief -- the food, water and medicine -- that Haitians will need in the coming days. In that effort, our government, especially USAID and the Departments of State and Defense are working closely together and with our partners in Haiti, the region, and around the world.” -President Barack Obama, January 13, 20103 This case study provides an overview of the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Cartographie De L'industrie Haïtienne De La Musique
    CARTOGRAPHIE DE L’INDUSTRIE HAÏTIENNE DE LA MUSIQUE Organisation Diversité des Nations Unies des expressions pour l’éducation, culturelles la science et la culture Merci à tous les professionnels de la musique en Haïti et en diaspora qui ont accepté de prendre part à cette enquête et à tous ceux qui ont participé aux focus groups et à la table ronde. Merci à toute l’équipe d’Ayiti Mizik, à Patricio Jeretic, Joel Widmaier, Malaika Bécoulet, Mimerose Beaubrun, Ti Jo Zenny et à Jonathan Perry. Merci au FIDC pour sa confiance et d’avoir cru à ce projet. Cette étude est imprimée gracieusement grâce à la Fondation Lucienne Deschamps. Chambre de Commerce et d’Industrie Textes : Pascale Jaunay (Ayiti Mizik) | Isaac Marcelin (Ayiti Nexus) | Philippe Bécoulet (Leos) Graphisme : Ricardo Mathieu, Joël Widmaier (couverture) Editing: Ricardo Mathieu, Milena Sandler Crédits photos couverture : Josué Azor, Joël Widmaier Firme d’enquête et focus group : Ayiti Nexus Tous droits réservés de reproduction des textes, photos et graphiques réservés pour tous pays ISBN : 978-99970-4-697-0 CARTOGRAPHIE DE L’INDUSTRIE HAÏTIENNE LA MUSIQUE Dépot Légal : 1707-465 2 Imprimé en Haïti CARTOGRAPHIE DE L’INDUSTRIE HAÏTIENNE DE LA MUSIQUE Organisation Diversité des Nations Unies des expressions pour l’éducation, culturelles la science et la culture CARTOGRAPHIE DE L’INDUSTRIE HAÏTIENNE LA MUSIQUE 3 SOMMAIRE I. INTRODUCTION 8 A. CONTEXTE DU PROJET 8 B. OBJECTIFS 8 C. JUSTIFICATION 9 D. MÉTHODOLOGIE 10 1. Enquêtes de terrain 10 2. Focus groups 13 3. Analyse des résultats 13 4. Interviews 14 5. Table-ronde nationale 14 II.
    [Show full text]
  • The 2010 Haiti Earthquake: One Year Later Map of Immediate and Ongoing Programs in Haiti
    The 2010 Haiti Earthquake: One Year Later Map of Immediate and Ongoing Programs in Haiti KEY KEY ▲ City / Town Location of Main Parish or Institute ▲ City / Town Location of Main Parish or Institute ● Health Care● andHealth Mobile Care &Clinics Mobile Clinics ● Food and● Non-Food Food and Items Non-Food Items ● Shelter (tents and provisional homes) ● Water and● SanitationShelter (tents & provisional homes) ● Employment and Community Recovery Projects ● Water & Sanitation ● School Supplies ● Employment & Community Recovery Projects ● School supplies ▲ Montrouis ● ▲Cazale ● ▲ Montrouis ● ▲Mirebalais ●●● ▲ ▲Cazale ● ▲Arcahaie ●●●● ▲ Thomazeau ●▲●Mirebalais●● ●●● ▲ ●●● Croix des Bouquets Ste. Margueritte Convent (PaP) ●●●●● ▲ ▲Arcahaie ●●●● ▲ St. Trinity Professional School (PaP) ● ▲ Matthieu ●●●●●● Thomazeau ●●●● ▲ Champs de Mars (PaP) ●●● ●●●●● Léogâne ●●●●●● Carrefour ▲ Episcopal University (PaP) ●●●● ▲ ●●● Croix des Bouquets Ste. Margueritte Convent (PaP) ●●●●● Port-au-Prince (PaP) ●●●●●● ●● Hôpital Ste. Croix ●●●●● Taifer ▲ St. Trinity Professional School (PaP) ● Matthieu ●●●●●● ▲ Ecole St. CollegeVincent St.(PaP) Pierre ●● (PaP)● ●●●●●● ▲ ▲ ▲▲ Champs de Mars (PaP) ●●● ●●●●●● L’Acul ▲ ▲ ▲ ▲ College St. Pierre (PaP) ●●●●●● ●● Léogâne ●●●●●● Carrefour ▲ Episcopal University (PaP) ●●● ▲ Gressier▲ ●●● ●●●● ▲ ▲ Pétion-ville ●●●● ▲ Port-au-Prince (PaP) ●●●●●● Hôpital Ste. Croix●● Danot ●●●●● Taifer ▲ Delmas ●●●● ●● Darbonne ●●●●●● Ecole St. Vincent (PaP) ●●● ▲ ▲ ▲ Tiguinin▲ ●●● ●●●●●●●●●● Grande L’Acul Colline ▲ ▲ Buteau▲ ●●●●●● ▲ ▲ ▲ Jean-Jean
    [Show full text]
  • The Mw 7.0 Haiti Earthquake of January 12, 2010: Report #1
    EERI Special Earthquake Report — April 2010 Learning from Earthquakes The Mw 7.0 Haiti Earthquake of January 12, 2010: Report #1 This is the first of multipleNewsletter The EERI contribution was funded Rico to the east and Jamaica and inserts on the Haiti earthquake of by the Learning from Earthquakes Cuba to the west, and has a total January 12, 2010. It summarizes project of the National Science Foun- population of approximately 9 mil- observations from the advance dation under Award #CMMI-0758529. lion. Its largest city, Port-au-Prince, team organized by the U.S. Geo- with an estimated population of be- logical Survey (USGS) and EERI Introduction tween 2.5 and 3 million people, is that traveled to Haiti January 26 to located 25 km ENE of the epicen- The Mw 7.0 earthquake that struck February 3, 2010. The multidiscip- ter. Haiti is the poorest country in the Republic of Haiti on January 12, linary team included Marc Eberhard, the Western Hemisphere, with an 2010, is among the most destructive University of Washington (team estimated 80% of its people living earthquakes in recorded history. As leader); Steve Baldridge, Baldridge under the poverty line, 54% in ab- of March 2010, the death toll report- & Associates Structural Engineer- ject poverty (CIA, 2010). In 2008, ed by the Government of Haiti ex- ing, Inc.; Justin Marshall, Auburn more than 800 people were killed ceeded 233,000, with an additional University; Walter Mooney, USGS; by four hurricanes and tropical 300,000 injuries. More than 5 million and Glenn Rix, Georgia Institute of storms that struck during a two- people live in the area affected by the Technology.
    [Show full text]
  • Dollars and Decadence Making Sense of the US-UAE Relationship
    Dollars and Decadence Making Sense of the US-UAE Relationship Colin Powers April 2021 Noria Research Noria Research is an independent and non-profit research organization with roots in academia. Our primary mandates are to translate data gathered on the ground into original analyses, and to leverage our research for the purpose of informing policy debates and engaging wider audiences. It is our institutional belief that political crises cannot be understood without a deep grasp for the dynamics on the ground. This is why we are doctrinally committed to field-based research. Cognizant that knowledge ought to benefit society, we also pledge to positively impact civil society organizations, policymakers, and the general public. Created in Paris in 2011, Noria’s research operations now cover the Americas, Europe, North Africa, the Middle East and South Asia. Licence Noria Research encourages the use and dissemination of this publication. Under the cc-by-nc-nd licence, you are free to share copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format. Under the following terms, you must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. You may not use the material for commercial purposes. If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material. Disclaimer The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the author alone and do not necessarily reflect the position of Noria Research. Author: Colin Powers Program Director: Robin Beaumont Program Editor: Xavier Guignard Graphic Design: Romain Lamy & Valentin Bigel Dollars and Decadence Making Sense of the US-UAE Relationship Colin Powers April 2021 About Middle East and North Africa Program Our research efforts are oriented by the counter-revolution that swept the Middle East and North Africa in the aftermath of 2011.
    [Show full text]
  • Curriculum Vitae
    CURRICULUM VITAE Name: Giovanni Giuseppe Vendramin Date and Place of Birth: 15.11.1957, Brunico (BZ), Italy Address: Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, Division of Florence, National Research Council, Via Madonna del Piano, 10 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy, tel: ++39 055 5225725, fax: ++39 055 5225729, E-mail: [email protected] Feb. 1981: Graduated in Forest Sciences magna cum laude at the University of Florence June 1982: Research associate at the Silviculture Institute, University of Florence Nov. 1983: Fellowship at the Silvicultural Institute, University of Florence Apr. 1985: permanent position as Researcher at the Forest Tree Breeding Institute of the National Research Council of Florence Jun. 1986: Research fellow at the Forest Genetics Institute, University of Gottingen, Germany Nov. 1989: Research fellow at the Forest Genetics Institute, University of Gottingen, Germany Jun. 1996: Research fellow at the USDA, Forestry Sciences Lab., Rhinelander, Wisconsin, USA Dec. 1998: permanent position as Senior Researcher at the Forest Tree Breeding Institute of the National Research Council Jan 2002: permanent position as Director of Research at the Plant Genetics Institut of the National Research Council Aug 2008: responsible of the Plant Genetics Institute – Division of Firenze of the National Research Council Sep 2012: doctor honoris causa at the University of Zvolen, Slovacchia Oct 2013: ad interim director of the Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources of the National Research Council
    [Show full text]
  • Aphid Transmission of Potyvirus: the Largest Plant-Infecting RNA Virus Genus
    Supplementary Aphid Transmission of Potyvirus: The Largest Plant-Infecting RNA Virus Genus Kiran R. Gadhave 1,2,*,†, Saurabh Gautam 3,†, David A. Rasmussen 2 and Rajagopalbabu Srinivasan 3 1 Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA 2 Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA; [email protected] 3 Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, GA 30223, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]. † Authors contributed equally. Received: 13 May 2020; Accepted: 15 July 2020; Published: date Abstract: Potyviruses are the largest group of plant infecting RNA viruses that cause significant losses in a wide range of crops across the globe. The majority of viruses in the genus Potyvirus are transmitted by aphids in a non-persistent, non-circulative manner and have been extensively studied vis-à-vis their structure, taxonomy, evolution, diagnosis, transmission and molecular interactions with hosts. This comprehensive review exclusively discusses potyviruses and their transmission by aphid vectors, specifically in the light of several virus, aphid and plant factors, and how their interplay influences potyviral binding in aphids, aphid behavior and fitness, host plant biochemistry, virus epidemics, and transmission bottlenecks. We present the heatmap of the global distribution of potyvirus species, variation in the potyviral coat protein gene, and top aphid vectors of potyviruses. Lastly, we examine how the fundamental understanding of these multi-partite interactions through multi-omics approaches is already contributing to, and can have future implications for, devising effective and sustainable management strategies against aphid- transmitted potyviruses to global agriculture.
    [Show full text]
  • Haitian Creole – English Dictionary
    + + Haitian Creole – English Dictionary with Basic English – Haitian Creole Appendix Jean Targète and Raphael G. Urciolo + + + + Haitian Creole – English Dictionary with Basic English – Haitian Creole Appendix Jean Targète and Raphael G. Urciolo dp Dunwoody Press Kensington, Maryland, U.S.A. + + + + Haitian Creole – English Dictionary Copyright ©1993 by Jean Targète and Raphael G. Urciolo All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the Authors. All inquiries should be directed to: Dunwoody Press, P.O. Box 400, Kensington, MD, 20895 U.S.A. ISBN: 0-931745-75-6 Library of Congress Catalog Number: 93-71725 Compiled, edited, printed and bound in the United States of America Second Printing + + Introduction A variety of glossaries of Haitian Creole have been published either as appendices to descriptions of Haitian Creole or as booklets. As far as full- fledged Haitian Creole-English dictionaries are concerned, only one has been published and it is now more than ten years old. It is the compilers’ hope that this new dictionary will go a long way toward filling the vacuum existing in modern Creole lexicography. Innovations The following new features have been incorporated in this Haitian Creole- English dictionary. 1. The definite article that usually accompanies a noun is indicated. We urge the user to take note of the definite article singular ( a, la, an or lan ) which is shown for each noun. Lan has one variant: nan.
    [Show full text]