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In Situ Genetic Conservation of in Situ Monterey Pine (Pinus Radiata D

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In Situ Genetic Conservation of in Situ Monterey Pine (Pinus Radiata D In situ genetic conservationconservation of Monterey pine (Pinus radiata D. Don):Don): Information and recommendations Deborah L. Rogers Report No. September Published by Genetic Resources Conservation Program Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources U C i This report is one of a series published by the University of California Genetic Resources Conservation Program (technical editor: P.E. McGuire) as part of the public information function of the Program. The Program sponsors projects in the collection, inventory, maintenance, preservation, and utilization of genetic resources important for the State of California as well as research and education in conservation biology. Further information about the Program may be obtained from: Genetic Resources Conservation Program University of California One Shields Avenue Davis, CA 95616 USA (530) 754-8501 FAX (530) 754-8505 e-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.grcp.ucdavis.edu/ Additional copies of this report may be ordered from this address. Citation: Rogers, Deborah L. In situ genetic conservation of Monterey pine (Pinus radiata D. Don): Information and recommendations. Report No. University of California Division of Agriculture and Natu- ral Resources, Genetic Resources Conservation Program, Davis CA USA. Cover photograph: Monterey pine in the Del Monte Forest, Monterey Peninsula, California. Photo credit: Linda L. Smith © Regents of the University of California ISBN 0-9725195-0-5 The University of California prohibits discrimination against or harassment of any person on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, physical or mental disability, medical condition (cancer-related or genetic characteristic), ancestry, marital status, age, sexual orientation, citizenship, or status as a covered veteran (covered veterans are special disabled veterans, recently separated veterans, Vietnam era veterans, or any other veterans who served on active duty during a war or in a campaign or expedition for which a campaign badge has been authorized). University Policy is intended to be consistent with the provision of applicable State and Federal laws. Inquiries regarding the University’s nondiscrimination policies may be directed to the Affi rmative Action/Staff Personnel Services Director, University of California, Agriculture and Natural Resources, 1111 Franklin St., 6th Floor, Oakland CA 94607-5200. Tel. (510) 987-0096. ii Contents Lists of fi gures, tables, and boxes .......................................iv Allozyme diversity.......................................... Foreword............................................................................v Molecular diversity ........................................ Population genetic structure .......................... Preface..............................................................................vii Mating system eff ects..................................... Acknowledgements......................................................... viii . Status of conservation for Monterey pine.................... Executive summary ...........................................................ix Status of in situ reserves ................................. Introduction................................................................. Año Nuevo ................................ Role of genetic diversity................................... Monterey .................................... Cambria...................................... Need for in situ genetic conservation ............... Guadalupe Island....................... Report attributes.............................................. Cedros Island............................. Objectives........................................................ Status of ex situ reserves.................................. . Selected biological features of Monterey pine Seed collections.......................... and its forests................................................................ Planted domestic reserves............ International ex situ reserves and Taxonomy........................................................ interest in native populations ..... Evolution......................................................... Reproductive biology....................................... Models of genetic conservation plans.......................... Concepts and description of . Principles and recommendations for in situ population structure ........................................ genetic conservation of Monterey pine ....................... Fire ecology ..................................................... Planning ........................................................ Species range and population descriptions ..... In situ management......................................... Año Nuevo ................................ Outreach needs.............................................. Monterey .................................... Research ........................................................ Cambria..................................... Guadalupe Island........................ References ........................................................................ Cedros Island............................. Appendix A. Participants: Monterey pine genetic . Current status of genetic information conservation workshop, April –, , on Monterey pine....................................................... Big Sur, California...................................................... Phenotypic diversity....................................... Appendix B. Respondents to the survey on Common-garden or provenance studies......... ex situ reserves and international interests ................... Chemical analyses.......................................... Glossary .......................................................................... iii Figures Boxes . Locations of current natural populations . e concept of metapopulations and of Monterey pine.......................................................... its relevance to Monterey pine. .................................... . Localities where fossil Monterey pine cones . Description of the Monterey pine landscape have been recovered..................................................... near the Carmel coastline in ................................. Sequence of reproductive events for Monterey pine. .... . Biological expedition to Guadalupe and Cedros Islands, Mexico, May .............................. . Map of the Año Nuevo Point area. ............................. . Removal and control of goats on Guadalupe Island. ... . Map of the Monterey area. ......................................... . Diff erences in mean seed weight among . A cross-section of the Monterey ecological staircase. ... the fi ve Monterey pine populations. ........................... Map of the Cambria area............................................. Fate of Australia and New Zealand collections . Map of Guadalupe Island. .......................................... from native Monterey pine populations from Guadalupe and Cedros Islands........................... Map of Cedros Island. ................................................ . Early observations of the commercial signifi cance . Diversity in cone size among the fi ve native of Monterey pine........................................................ populations of Monterey pine..................................... Commercial signifi cance of Monterey pine in Ireland.................................................................... Genetic sampling for ex situ or in situ reserves: Tables How much is enough? ................................................ Some recent treatments of Monterey pine taxonomy.... . Planting of Monterey pine along California highways. ......................................... Estimates of the current area of native Monterey pine populations......................................... Artifi cial interspecifi c hybridization of Monterey pine........................................................ Location and attributes of the fi ve native populations of Monterey pine...................................... Ex situ conservation reserve of the Guadalupe Island population of Pinus radiata. .......... . Summary of phenotypic characteristics of the native populations of Monterey pine . e Monterey Pine Forest Ecology Cooperative.......... in fi eld trials in New Zealand...................................... Allozyme diversity for the native populations of Monterey pine from three studies. .......................... . Allozyme diversity in western conifer species native to California..................................................... Comparison of RAPD and allozyme markers in a study based on three native populations of Monterey pine........................................................ Estimates of proportion of total genetic variation among populations..................................................... Major sampling events of Monterey pine populations since . ....................................... . Monterey pine seed in storage in California in .................................................. . Estimate of plantation area of Monterey pine internationally. ........................................................... . Factors to consider in deciding appropriate use of ex situ genetic collections for research or restoration purposes.................................. Exotic plant species occurring in native Monterey pine forests in California. ........................... iv Foreword onterey
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