Partition in the Classroom: Diff Erentiated Strategies for Teaching India’S Partition
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Representation of National Heroes in English Language Textbooks Taught at Government Higher Secondary Schools of Sindh, Pakistan
Education and Linguistics Research ISSN 2377-1356 2018, Vol. 4, No. 2 Representation of National Heroes in English Language Textbooks Taught at Government Higher Secondary Schools of Sindh, Pakistan Abdul Razaque Lanjwan Jat English Language Development Centre, Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan Habibullah Pathan English Language Development Centre, Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan Syed Waqar Ali Shah English Language Development Centre, Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan Received: July 7, 2018 Accepted: September 4, 2018 Published: September 6, 2018 doi:10.5296/elr.v4i2.13612 URL: https://doi.org/10.5296/elr.v4i2.13612 Abstract Textbooks are not only to read but also inculcate values, virtues and norms of society given in the curriculum. Basically, the curriculum of Pakistani curriculum is broadly based on celebration of history that is taught in different subjects such as, Islamic studies, social studies, languages and Pakistan studies. These all textbooks have been used as a tool to propagate and promote national identity while representing stories of national heroes. These heroes carry certain hidden and intended ideologies. The aim of this research is to explore the textual and visual representation of national heroes of Pakistan who are portrayed in English language textbooks prescribed by Sindh Textbook Board taught in public higher secondary schools. Furthermore, this paper discusses the different elements such as; language, theme, writer’s objectivity, use of visuals, and certain ideas in order to explore the hidden ideologies behind representing national heroes. They make students patriotic, nationalistic, militaristic and religious which cause manipulation and exploitation of religion, misinterpretation and 25 http://elr.macrothink.org Education and Linguistics Research ISSN 2377-1356 2018, Vol. -
Freedom in West Bengal Revised
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ResearchArchive at Victoria University of Wellington Freedom and its Enemies: Politics of Transition in West Bengal, 1947-1949 * Sekhar Bandyopadhyay Victoria University of Wellington I The fiftieth anniversary of Indian independence became an occasion for the publication of a huge body of literature on post-colonial India. Understandably, the discussion of 1947 in this literature is largely focussed on Partition—its memories and its long-term effects on the nation. 1 Earlier studies on Partition looked at the ‘event’ as a part of the grand narrative of the formation of two nation-states in the subcontinent; but in recent times the historians’ gaze has shifted to what Gyanendra Pandey has described as ‘a history of the lives and experiences of the people who lived through that time’. 2 So far as Bengal is concerned, such experiences have been analysed in two subsets, i.e., the experience of the borderland, and the experience of the refugees. As the surgical knife of Sir Cyril Ratcliffe was hastily and erratically drawn across Bengal, it created an international boundary that was seriously flawed and which brutally disrupted the life and livelihood of hundreds of thousands of Bengalis, many of whom suddenly found themselves living in what they conceived of as ‘enemy’ territory. Even those who ended up on the ‘right’ side of the border, like the Hindus in Murshidabad and Nadia, were apprehensive that they might be sacrificed and exchanged for the Hindus in Khulna who were caught up on the wrong side and vehemently demanded to cross over. -
Muslim Nationalism, State Formation and Legal Representations of the Ahmadiyya Community in Pakistan
Politics of Exclusion: Muslim Nationalism, State Formation and Legal Representations of the Ahmadiyya Community in Pakistan by Sadia Saeed A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Sociology) in The University of Michigan 2010 Doctoral Committee: Professor George P. Steinmetz, Chair Professor Howard A. Kimeldorf Associate Professor Fatma Muge Gocek Associate Professor Genevieve Zubrzycki Professor Mamadou Diouf, Columbia University © Sadia Saeed 2010 2 Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to my parents with my deepest love, respect and gratitude for the innumerable ways they have supported my work and choices. ii Acknowledgements I would like to begin by acknowledging the immense support my parents have given me every step of the way during my (near) decade in graduate school. I have dedicated this dissertation to them. My ammi and baba have always believed in my capabilities to accomplish not only this dissertation but much more in life and their words of love and encouragement have continuously given me the strength and the will to give my research my very best. My father‘s great enthusiasm for this project, his intellectual input and his practical help and advice during the fieldwork of this project have been formative to this project. I would like to thank my dissertation advisor George Steinmetz for the many engaged conversations about theory and methods, for always pushing me to take my work to the next level and above all for teaching me to recognize and avoid sloppiness, caricatures and short-cuts. It is to him that I owe my greatest intellectual debt. -
The British Empire and the Partition of India, 1947 the British Empire: the British Empire Was One of Largest Empires Ever Seen Throughout History
Year 8 Research Project - The British Empire and the Partition of India, 1947 The British Empire: The British Empire was one of largest Empires ever seen throughout History. Some argue that it was a force for good, changing the countries under its control positively. Some however argue that it affected these countries negatively, forcing them to be ruled over by a more powerful country. 1. Come up your with own definition of an Empire. 2. Find the names of 10 countries that were under the control of the British Empire. 3. What percentage of the world’s population did the British control at the height of their Empire? 4. Find 3 positives about the British Empire. 5. Find 3 negatives about the British Empire. 6. Write a persuasive speech arguing whether we should or should not be proud of the British Empire. Think about the positive and negative consequences of the British Empire. Include examples of the impact the British Empire had in some of the countries it controlled. Use the following links to complete these tasks: https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zf7fr82/revision/1 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l7E9Tm1X7vw&list=PLcvEcrsF_9zLFhetle- QrjhRvL7vjcJo8 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z1Q6A4qP7dQ The History of India: Indian history gives us some excellent examples of how things change and stay the same over a period of time. Over hundreds of years it underwent many changes. Sometimes the pace of change was very rapid, at other times much slower. Sometimes political changes appeared to happen very quickly, but at the same time, the way most ordinary people lived in India continued relatively unaltered. -
Turning Mobile Growth Into Broadband Success: Case Study of Pakistan
Turning mobile growth into broadband success: Case Study of Pakistan Syed Ismail Shah, PhD Chairman, Pakistan Telecommunication Authority E-mail: [email protected] Evolution of Cellular Mobile Communication in Pakistan 2 Evolution of Cellular Mobile Communication in Pakistan 3 • Total Spectrum offered was 2 lots with the following configuration: • Total Spectrum 2X13.6MHz • 2X4.8MHz in 900MHz band and 2X 8.8MHz in 1800MHz band • Existing Operators were to pay the same amount upon expiry of license with spectrum normalization except for Instaphone, who were only offered 2x7.38MHz in the 850 MHz band Total Teledensity (Millions) 4 GSM Coverage Data revenues Data Revenues in the Telecoms Quarterly Shares of Data Revenue in Total Cellular Reve Sector 25.0 100 25.00% 19.30% 90 20.0 80 20.00% 16.40% 24.1 70 15.80% 15.0 23.5 60 13.70% 15.00% 12.40% 21.4 50 90 10.0 16.7 40 10.00% Percentage 72.2 15.0 30 64.7 50.3 5.0 20 42.6 5.00% 10 - 0 0.00% Oct- Jan - Apr - Jul - Sep Oct- 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 Dec-13 Mar-14 Jun 14 14 Dec-14 Rs. Billion Percentage • Revenue from data is now more than double what it was five years ago • For cellular mobile segment, share of data revenue has crossed 24% LDN Network Diagram Fiber Backbone LDN-T has developed its backbone Network covering 78 cities. Ring, Enhanced Ring, Mesh & Spur network topologies have been used to create backbone. -
National Symbols of Pakistan | Pakistan General Knowledge
National Symbols of Pakistan | Pakistan General Knowledge Nation’s Motto of Pakistan The scroll supporting the shield contains Muhammad Ali Jinnah’s motto in Urdu, which reads as “Iman, Ittehad, Nazm” translated as “Faith, Unity, Discipline” and are intended as the guiding principles for Pakistan. Official Map of Pakistan Official Map of Pakistan is that which was prepared by Mahmood Alam Suhrawardy National Symbol of Pakistan Star and crescent is a National symbol. The star and crescent symbol was the emblem of the Ottoman Empire in the 19th century, and gradually became associated with Islam in late 19th-century Orientalism. National Epic of Pakistan The Hamza Nama or Dastan-e-Amir Hamza narrates the legendary exploits of Amir Hamza, an uncle of the Prophet Muhammad, though most of the stories are extremely fanciful, “a continuous series of romantic interludes, threatening events, narrow escapes, and violent acts National Calendar of Pakistan Fasli which means (harvest) is derived from the Arabic term for division, which in India was applied to the groupings of the seasons. Fasli Calendar is a chronological system introduced by the Mughal emperor Akbar basically for land revenue and records purposes in northern India. Fasli year means period of 12 months from July to Downloaded from www.csstimes.pk | 1 National Symbols of Pakistan | Pakistan General Knowledge June. National Reptile of Pakistan The mugger crocodile also called the Indian, Indus, Persian, Sindhu, marsh crocodile or simply mugger, is found throughout the Indian subcontinent and the surrounding countries, like Pakistan where the Indus crocodile is the national reptile of Pakistan National Mammal of Pakistan The Indus river dolphin is a subspecies of freshwater river dolphin found in the Indus river (and its Beas and Sutlej tributaries) of India and Pakistan. -
Subhash Chandra Bose and His Discourses: a Critical Reading”, Thesis Phd, Saurashtra University
Saurashtra University Re – Accredited Grade ‘B’ by NAAC (CGPA 2.93) Thanky, Peena, 2005, “Subhash Chandra Bose and his discourses: A Critical Reading”, thesis PhD, Saurashtra University http://etheses.saurashtrauniversity.edu/id/827 Copyright and moral rights for this thesis are retained by the author A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. Saurashtra University Theses Service http://etheses.saurashtrauniversity.edu [email protected] © The Author SUBHASH CHANDRA BOSE AND HIS DISCOURSES: A CRITICAL READING A THESIS SUBMITTED TO SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY, RAJKOT FOR THE DEGREE OF Doctor of Philosophy IN ENGLISH Supervised by: Submitted by: Dr. Kamal Mehta Mrs. Peena Thanky Professor, Sainik School, Smt. H. S. Gardi Institute of Balachadi. English & Comparative (Dist. Jamnagar) Literary Studies, Saurashtra University, Rajkot. 2005 1 SUBHAS CHANDRA BOSE 1897 - 1945 2 SMT. H. S. GARDI INSTITUTE OF ENGLISH & COMPARATIVE LITERARY STUDIES SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY RAJKOT (GUJARAT) CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the work embodied in this thesis entitled "Subhash Chandra Bose and His Discourses : A Critical Reading" has been carried out by the candidate Mrs. Peena Thanky under my direct guidance and supervision for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, in the Faculty of Arts of Saurashtra University, Rajkot. -
Social Transformation of Pakistan Under Urdu Language
Social Transformations in Contemporary Society, 2021 (9) ISSN 2345-0126 (online) SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION OF PAKISTAN UNDER URDU LANGUAGE Dr. Sohaib Mukhtar Bahria University, Pakistan [email protected] Abstract Urdu is the national language of Pakistan under article 251 of the Constitution of Pakistan 1973. Urdu language is the first brick upon which whole building of Pakistan is built. In pronunciation both Hindi in India and Urdu in Pakistan are same but in script Indian choose their religious writing style Sanskrit also called Devanagari as Muslims of Pakistan choose Arabic script for writing Urdu language. Urdu language is based on two nation theory which is the basis of the creation of Pakistan. There are two nations in Indian Sub-continent (i) Hindu, and (ii) Muslims therefore Muslims of Indian sub- continent chanted for separate Muslim Land Pakistan in Indian sub-continent thus struggled for achieving separate homeland Pakistan where Muslims can freely practice their religious duties which is not possible in a country where non-Muslims are in majority thus Urdu which is derived from Arabic, Persian, and Turkish declared the national language of Pakistan as official language is still English thus steps are required to be taken at Government level to make Urdu as official language of Pakistan. There are various local languages of Pakistan mainly: Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashto, Balochi, Kashmiri, Balti and it is fundamental right of all citizens of Pakistan under article 28 of the Constitution of Pakistan 1973 to protect, preserve, and promote their local languages and local culture but the national language of Pakistan is Urdu according to article 251 of the Constitution of Pakistan 1973. -
Administrative Atlas , Punjab
CENSUS OF INDIA 2001 PUNJAB ADMINISTRATIVE ATLAS f~.·~'\"'~ " ~ ..... ~ ~ - +, ~... 1/, 0\ \ ~ PE OPLE ORIENTED DIRECTORATE OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, PUNJAB , The maps included in this publication are based upon SUNey of India map with the permission of the SUNeyor General of India. The territorial waters of India extend into the sea to a distance of twelve nautical miles measured from the appropriate base line. The interstate boundaries between Arunachal Pradesh, Assam and Meghalaya shown in this publication are as interpreted from the North-Eastern Areas (Reorganisation) Act, 1971 but have yet to be verified. The state boundaries between Uttaranchal & Uttar Pradesh, Bihar & Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh & Madhya Pradesh have not been verified by government concerned. © Government of India, Copyright 2006. Data Product Number 03-010-2001 - Cen-Atlas (ii) FOREWORD "Few people realize, much less appreciate, that apart from Survey of India and Geological Survey, the Census of India has been perhaps the largest single producer of maps of the Indian sub-continent" - this is an observation made by Dr. Ashok Mitra, an illustrious Census Commissioner of India in 1961. The statement sums up the contribution of Census Organisation which has been working in the field of mapping in the country. The Census Commissionarate of India has been working in the field of cartography and mapping since 1872. A major shift was witnessed during Census 1961 when the office had got a permanent footing. For the first time, the census maps were published in the form of 'Census Atlases' in the decade 1961-71. Alongwith the national volume, atlases of states and union territories were also published. -
STATE of CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONS in PAKISTAN a Study of 5 Years: 2013-2018
STATE OF CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONS IN PAKISTAN A Study of 5 Years: 2013-2018 Pakistan Institute of Legislative Development And Transparency STATE OF CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONS IN PAKISTAN A Study of 5 Years: 2013-2018 Pakistan Institute of Legislative Development And Transparency PILDAT is an independent, non-partisan and not-for-profit indigenous research and training institution with the mission to strengthen democracy and democratic institutions in Pakistan. PILDAT is a registered non-profit entity under the Societies Registration Act XXI of 1860, Pakistan. Copyright © Pakistan Institute of Legislative Development And Transparency - PILDAT All Rights Reserved Printed in Pakistan Published: January 2019 ISBN: 978-969-558-734-8 Any part of this publication can be used or cited with a clear reference to PILDAT. Pakistan Institute of Legislative Development And Transparency Islamabad Office: P. O. Box 278, F-8, Postal Code: 44220, Islamabad, Pakistan Lahore Office: P. O. Box 11098, L.C.C.H.S, Postal Code: 54792, Lahore, Pakistan E-mail: [email protected] | Website: www.pildat.org P I L D A T State of Civil-Military Relations in Pakistan A Study of 5 Years: 2013-2018 CONTENTS Preface 05 List of Abbreviations and Acronyms 07 Executive Summary 09 Introduction 13 State of Civil-military Relations in Pakistan: June 2013-May 2018 13 Major Irritants in Civil-Military Relations in Pakistan 13 i. Treason Trial of Gen. (Retd.) Pervez Musharraf 13 ii. The Islamabad Sit-in 14 iii. Disqualification of Mr. Nawaz Sharif 27 iv. 21st Constitutional Amendment and the Formation of Military Courts 28 v. Allegations of Election Meddling 30 vi. -
Sindhi Community – Shiv Sena
Refugee Review Tribunal AUSTRALIA RRT RESEARCH RESPONSE Research Response Number: IND30284 Country: India Date: 4 July 2006 Keywords: India – Maharashtra – Sindhi Community – Shiv Sena This response was prepared by the Country Research Section of the Refugee Review Tribunal (RRT) after researching publicly accessible information currently available to the RRT within time constraints. This response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. Questions 1. Is there any independent information about any current ill-treatment of Sindhi people in Maharashtra state? 2. Is there any information about the authorities’ position on any ill-treatment of Sindhi people? RESPONSE 1. Is there any independent information about any current ill-treatment of Sindhi people in Maharashtra state? Executive Summary Information available on Sindhi websites, in press reports and in academic studies suggests that, generally speaking, the Sindhi community in Maharashtra state are not ill-treated. Most writers who address the situation of Sindhis in Maharashtra generally concern themselves with the social and commercial success which the Sindhis have achieved in Mumbai (where the greater part of the Sindh’s Hindu populace relocated after the partition of India and Pakistan). One news article was located which reported that the Sindhi community had been targeted for extortion, along with other “mercantile communities”, by criminal networks affiliated with Maharashtra state’s Sihiv Sena organisation. -
The East India Company: Agent of Empire in the Early Modern Capitalist Era
Social Education 77(2), pp 78–81, 98 ©2013 National Council for the Social Studies The Economics of World History The East India Company: Agent of Empire in the Early Modern Capitalist Era Bruce Brunton The world economy and political map changed dramatically between the seventeenth 2. Second, while the government ini- and nineteenth centuries. Unprecedented trade linked the continents together and tially neither held ownership shares set off a European scramble to discover new resources and markets. European ships nor directed the EIC’s activities, it and merchants reached across the world, and their governments followed after them, still exercised substantial indirect inaugurating the modern eras of imperialism and colonialism. influence over its success. Beyond using military and foreign policies Merchant trading companies, exem- soon thereafter known as the East India to positively alter the global trading plified by the English East India Company (EIC), which gave the mer- environment, the government indi- Company, were the agents of empire chants a monopoly on all trade east of rectly influenced the EIC through at the dawn of early modern capital- the Cape of Good Hope for 15 years. its regularly exercised prerogative ism. The East India Company was a Several aspects of this arrangement to evaluate and renew the charter. monopoly trading company that linked are worth noting: Understanding the tension in this the Eastern and Western worlds.1 While privilege granting-receiving relation- it was one of a number of similar compa- 1. First, the EIC was a joint-stock ship explains much of the history of nies, both of British origin (such as the company, owned and operated by the EIC.