TABLE 5.1 AUSCULTATORY FINDINGS IN 60 DOGS USED FOR IMMUNE SERUM PRODUCTION (VIA CARDIOCENTESIS) Total Period used for production 3-9 mo. 1-1.5 yr. 2-2.5 yr. 3-3.5 yr. Dogs Number of dogs in group 12 25 15 8 60 Individual dog numbers (1-60) Syst. mitral murmur grade 1 11,19 2,6,18,28 21,41,51 - 9 Syst. mitral murrnur grade 2 9 7,25,31 8,24 42 7 Syst. mitral murmur grade 3 32 26,27,30 5 12,16,29,52 9 Syst. tricuspid murmur gr. 2 - - - 16,29 2 Syst. tricuspid murmur gr. 3 - - - 12 1 Syst. aortic munnur grade 1 11,17,19,59 35,47 34,43,57 13 10 Syst. aortic munmur grade 2 55 - 20 22 3 Dfast. aortic murmur gr. 1 32,59 35 43 13 5 Oiast. aortic murmur gr. 2 11, 19 - 24,33 - 4 Oiast. aortic murmur gr. 3 - - 20 - 1 Oiast. tricuspid murmur gr. 1 - - - 29 1 Syst. cl ick - - - 23 1 Oiast. gallop - 31,60 21 22 4 Audible 4th sd. 32 35 - 16,29,42 5 Accentuated 2nd heart sd. - 2,18 - - 2 Split 2nd heart sd. 32,59 14,30 15 - 5 ; ~ Muffled heart sounds 46 2 57 13 4 Pericardia1 friction rub - - 15 16,22 3 Premature beats - 14,30,45 34,49 16,22,52 8 Paroxysmal - 45 - 13,16 3 32 15 12,16,22,29, 7 - 42 Nothing abnormal heard 10,37,56,58 1,3,4,36, 48,50 16 38,39,40,

44,53,54 .

.4 162

TABLE 5.2 ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS IN 60 DOGS USED FOR IMMUNE SERUM PRODUCTION (VIA CARDIOCENTESIS) Total Pe~iod used fo~ p~oduction . 3-9 mo. 1-1 • 5 y~. 2-2.5 y~. 3-3 .5y~. Dogs

Numbe~ of dogs in g~oup 12 25 15 8 60

Ave~age numbe~ of ca~diac 20 50 100 150 punctu~es pe~ dog

Individual dog numbe~s (1-60)

A~~ythmias

Vent~fcula~ p~ematu~e beats 10 30,36 l24,34,49 13,16,52 9

Pa~oxysmal vent. tachyca~dia 7,45 2

Pa~oxysmal atrial tachyca~dia 13 Conduction defects Incomplete A-V block 2 8,20 23 4 Inc. A-V block &dropped beats - 35 43,51 13 4 Complete A-V block 32 15 12'L6,22,1 7 29, 2 Right bundle b~anch block 1 11,59 2,3,7,26,35 8,20,24 13 I 16 40,44,60 49,50

Left 27 57 I - 2

QRS) .07 (nonspecific patte~n) 14,25,36 I- 21 1 - 6 - 45,53 Concealed conduction I - I - 134 S-T segment deviation I 9,55 7,26,53 I 20,21,43 8 mo~e than 0.1 my.

No~mal electroca~diog~am 17,19,37 1,4,6,18, 5,33,41, I ­ I 20 46,56,58 28,31,38, 48 39,47,54

No~mal electrocardiogram ~ 1 37,56,58 1,4,38, 148 I - 9 Nonnal heart sounds 39,54 163

': 1 : ~~~~~44~~ ~~.~ , :: ::I:; ::li;:: !:l'i!!li1 jljl, ,. : 'I " " .,;, .. ,. .lI" . I',L,. J J t­ : i',li!I'til l:ti: I:: :i '::: .:....; ...... ! i j l l! t t . ! f t -I ~.• -H f.mlUllll~j 1111 ;n ,I ;;;. : ~, Figure 5.1 Paroxysmal in dog # 45.

:illl:u!llili l I t tIR t ~~~ 1 ~~~ II ~t ll l l ll l llll l llll l t~ ~it

Figure 5.2 Early ventricular ectopic beats with normal post-ectopic beat P-R inter­ vals in dog # 34•

._- ..-..------_. --- - -,- "------'------e'----- · · ·~--- '------­

~-- . - -

Figure 5.3 Late ventricular ectopic beats witb prolong~d post-ectopic bawt P-R intervals (Concealed retrograde A-V conduction) ~ dog , 34. I f J..Ol+

--- ~- ... --.- .-... :: ; ;

I 'I':" i : J ' I' 'I ' i 111111 11i I ' I i: 1'1" :" , ~F"::< I':;:;;"1 :;!1'-:' 'I' i :!,,:', ;'I ';:;i ' I![!illi I!!:'" i! ;li i1 iii/ ilfjffi'II'n il: i"1i I III'I1I! ,!, il!!I' 1 ri!II 111, !l1llll!I, ( !'II' !! r HI1 r"jlrqrilT II! illl llillfTTTT"li! !i l;;111 I'!11i :, i,i! I;: :: I:::'I: '! I::;

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,,'

"::/il " :F:r:r17i\PET_rrmP~~~TUl~mnTnr:jrUl~i'Y ' ~ : I i:i: I~ : ;.j ' ~ IU~f 111 \' .... ; Lll :: ~~j : .. , tI! 'ii ' , L !' I : W t L1lUl, J.UL:L1JjH~l l flj ,~:: ';;: ::iJlU;~ : ' !l ,:' ~ ' ~'., ; , ,, " ':: ;:p III , 11 IlJff1t!1 T ' ! - ; II d,: Ill! HP \;;,r:/::: ' :::I~ ~ ::;, :,:i, :,:, .. ': , j .. " :;i I : ; ~J T ~ ~ ,-~ " 111 p.:; It Il,lt ti;; I::: !,!i I' ,; ; i:: it:: :::; 1 : ~~:"' ,I~; ::ll::! ! t::J.r+ : H, Y IHf{ rI:- fI" 1j' ' - ..~'l+' T :l1i 1.!h; - ,,'"~ t:1 !l,1 j: tH\1 i ;"i"~ !! "L1 1": 1:/it 1 : q' ,; :;::,", " .. liL, ' ; ~r ' I lt-!- .,- ",t++-+ H'~ , -'I t ·" ,,,' " , '1 ,", .. . . i t+U:l± +t- +1-1-' i I-f H rIH ' 1+,-1" ·'1' . t' H ... 1 ,.... WI'iTutr:riI ,tt, , --tn!1 'HtrrtHttli' t Ui; :i+t : tt-pl Hi ~ CAMBRIDGE ' 'it H+Htti- • + 't ·· -I Figure 5.4 Incomplete A-V block and right bundle branch block in dog # 2.

l::~~1 ~-~~~ l n;1IHffhWJutfl-@}HHmYWlnwJ-mw#liammJtlj:lffilllUUttUrnIDmllimnun lmm If!wftltiWtmri! -i !~ !lit ,;H 1-'- --' "---••- - ~ " ' - ' --" :ul::;: 1:1il/rftllamHtfUMlIWillUiUIDrrijlllUlliHmmnmInmUUUlH-rrrmmmnllftHllmmUmnJUmmnmnlnmmnmmnrrmlf!lll nll li;; : ::;: I[IT: I!; illHf~mlffimnm { nmOOtIWHUUtJflJmtmlIUUHJill:iliJ I Wfnl : l~HmtWttillUHlHU!li IrWHJJtHltUUnUHU tlH IHHIi;; H: i-til! 1111 11 \!I; ~ ;: i ttt" it: -, f!ttlmfWEUlTI~mrnEElffiiJlEIDlfllil:IniHnHHI " I~HJL±±LittljJt:l±lJit:lii , t'ljJ l ilU 'IHI-!:l Lt:tlJjJWftl-tI1Jt LlHEIi ;f;I;-j ii,ltril l!!! !Ii; ! ; +, ,t IT , ttl - mlmtl -ttl+t~r-~~imttl:ttti~~j.Hktttt-+t .ittlt-l+ttriftHiti=i-1-tH I .J:1.tH:l t-JiitH-t:ll+ltU, t ,H! i+hl ~ :" : t'l : II - I ! ! , t'"

'~ ; ~r; : i-H" It,' t,i pm#" l fuuW~Mm_£LrnI£lf!lBHlf LU1t]lHHi=lli l ±tI :LI*tjJIHUiiJ±IJ 'I Ht, t±llt l ±t:J:U~ttti W~ I ttl tilt ~j, ;: it;! t I I Ji I, ;A: ,A:..iT ,.. ,· 'I.. .uI'-ftttA,i j tIt 1, J! ' " - , " . - - mtl : ii - tl j ittHhjHH:ji~t.. t t-tmH~+-rttt -tWltiJll ~- I t jj, tAl:tttiftlAh II 'I ".H!I A "I .. Iill I IH, : , ~ I1 .... !;;:;:. ~ ;j; j _ ~;"I ! ~h ~: , '''''':' 'I ' ~ ' T I, T,'l ,! ', Y "tlL I ' , IJI-' ~': !' ct'r.i,i _tLL'1"L'~f:-;;' ; ; 1 1 iiTIlfu l ri E~i~;~~ ijll ttr m=rt t ~tt : .m11U~ JItlHI 114 Ii J illiW1 rta tff-l ffitt~ ,-. J 1+ ' ltU:t:/ It ff l HII ' , 11. .nJJUli_._ _J~~tl-Hm#Hfit

Figure 5.5 Paroxysmal with right bundle branch Dlock and 2:1 or 1:1 A-V conduction in dog # 13.

PIfTIT;Emmril1TmTmrTITI+ITT:;;:n;;;:;;;;~- CAM CO NO, 40._ ' inJ-Et :1fltbttffllHt!tj1 [1 ~wln;:~: p:: .j , rr,. j !t,·, ~ ~ l: ~- f : r ; . . . '~'"

.ttl'·' Jlf J:rm' -n~~yLf Hl±.ill.9l1 n-Etl!Jl.!J1 ~~Hi

Figure 5.6 Complete A-V block in dog # 22. 165

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, .. ' , I . ' IUi' .' :Lfm [tn ntfHff~Jammmllll r~ ~4: ~ Figure 5.7 Right bundle branch block in dog # 11.

J I AVF VlO

, mn rnrrnnm1i r mlj.l;-rT;~-rr-.-""- [',I H,tl 'I 'I "J+'llI!l!!I 'llllnr'!I ,l f,1+11rT ln:,I, 1' 1:[1"" i " .,:~:" I,:i::,', +1fl l' r i, ~ll n 'f!ITlmmnIi' "i! I"!'i: :1 IIi:''t, ' I";:!:I,I:::',., :1,; .J . 1!! I' 'Ilt l jl! t 1ft: ! . ! ' t , ·· ..•. , .

~mrnrrnm Iiii Figure 5.8 in dog # 57.

I AVF VIO '

t ::!,!11fI, ,' i ' l l~i1 1 n!1 f~f-l rt-l,','H-rl-rrl,l!If1 1ftr. IH}Ut ltH ; tll' LI, di ) I! I'n"Lt II Ifit !11 1 ' ,' I .t ~n-rm l mf t ffITUmll rf l Hfll lllnll l! rrn /flll l!III I!;!! I!ii:i 111 11II 1111.11 11I! II!Ii II f! r J! ~ 1:l1I 1 1 1 1In [ r"" I ]111fAL-l-. .JJ. ::UfEJ. +1+1. f.. ,H f-j~+. ... : 1:1 1, 1! ' 'I 'Iijijl"'" ..­ I .... . j.-" 11FIIl lil!1 ;:11 II:!! 1 1 "I:P: jlti:' . 1 • L . 1, t! 1": 1 j ;:, i! ITIII'I:, Ii:'! I'": I:I "" II I jll IIII I . , · i.i:W Ii:rj.l ffitHllf"·, 1: "j rmmTlI III III11:: Figure 5.9 Nonspecific ventricular conduction delay in dog # 21.

* Unipolar exploring chest electrode over the 7th thoracic vertebra. 166

Figure 5.10 Paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia and right bundle branch block in dog # 11. TraCing made 6 months after the one illustrated in Figure 5.7.

"'l 167

Figure 5.11 Aortic root injection angiocardiogram in dog # 11 with and mitral insufficiency. In an angio­ cardiogram made at the start of the injection (A), the aortic sinus of Valsalva (ASV) and the location of the aortic valves can be seen. One-half second later, near the completion of the injec­ tion (B), evidence of aortic insufficiency is confirmed by the presence of the contrast medium in the left (LV). In an angiocardiogram made one and one-half seconds after the beginning of the injection into the aortic root (C), evidence of coexistent mitral insufficiency is apparent, since the left (LA) is opacified by retrograde flow through the from the left ventricle. 168

'J! I " , I" , " '1, " :, .,, ' , , , ~~'t~,'1 \l'~l~. ",,~~~:1!JM1V.' ~t\' ~t " ..' til. l. "... '8~~~\y 'i" ,,',,',' w~l\~ .... , ',f I' f,. I ",,", r '.11, I . , I 1'1 ,..--.. ,," I " , , .' ,

, in I ~ If, .P1:.. vtltAN ~ - - -"- _-._"- --".__.,. _J' __ ~---I-.L...J. _ ..- _'JJ~_•.•.• __ , .

Figure 5.12 Phonocardiogram recorded iri the aortic precordial region-of dog # 11. A holosysto1ic murmur and a decrescendo dia­ sto1ic murmur were recorded in addition to splitting of the second

heart sound. T~e latter event probab~ was caused by delayed clo­ sure of the pulmonic valve as a consequence of right bundle branch

block and delayed right ventricular activation. " 16 q

Figure 5.13 Typical puncture wound scar in an cusp of dog ~~ 29. Although somewhat out of focus in this photograph, endo­ cardial scarring of the ventricular septum and posterior papillary muscle was present. Puncture scars were also present in the mitral and tricuspid valves.

A murmur of aortic insufficiency was not detected in this dog at the time of clinical examination 6 months before it died. The auscul,tatory findings at that time l-Jere described as follows: slmI, regular bradycardia with classical increased intensity of the first heart sound on -occasional beats; rapid, split 4th heart sound with a short grade 1 murmur follmving the double 4th heart sound in the tri­ cuspid precordial region; a grade 3 mitral systolic murmur and a grade 2 tricuspid systolic murmur. An electrocardiogram confirmed the presence of complete A-V block. Slight ascites was present at the time of clinical examination and marked ascites was reported at ne­ cropsy.