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APPENDIX 1-6 Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Report

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey

Hastings Technology Metals Limited

DOCUMENT TRACKING

Project Name Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey

Project Number 13340

Project Manager Jeff Cargill

Prepared by Jeni Morris

Reviewed by Jeff Cargill

Approved by Jeff Cargill

Status Draft

Version Number v1

Last saved on 29 June 2020

This report should be cited as ‘Eco Logical Australia 2020. Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey. Prepared for Hastings Technology Metals Limited.’

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This document has been prepared by Eco Logical Australia Pty Ltd with support from Hastings Technology Metals Limited.

Disclaimer This document may only be used for the purpose for which it was commissioned and in accordance with the contract between Eco Logical Australia Pty Ltd and Hastings Technology Metals Limited. The scope of services was defined in consultation with Hastings Technology Metals Limited, by time and budgetary constraints imposed by the client, and the availability of reports and other data on the subject area. Changes to available information, legislation and schedules are made on an ongoing basis and readers should obtain up to date information. Eco Logical Australia Pty Ltd accepts no liability or responsibility whatsoever for or in respect of any use of or reliance upon this report and its supporting material by any third party. Information provided is not intended to be a substitute for site specific assessment or legal advice in relation to any matter. Unauthorised use of this report in any form is prohibited.

Template 2.8.1

Contents

1. Introduction ...... 1 1.1 Project background ...... 1

1.1.1 Environmental legislation and guidelines ...... 1

2. Methodology ...... 3 2.1 Desktop review ...... 3

2.1.1 Database searches ...... 3 2.1.2 Previous surveys ...... 3 2.1.3 Likelihood of occurrence assessment ...... 4 2.2 Field survey ...... 4

2.2.1 Survey team and timing ...... 4 2.2.2 Flora and vegetation survey ...... 5 2.2.3 Fauna survey ...... 6 2.3 Data analysis ...... 8

2.3.1 Flora species accumulation curve ...... 8 2.3.2 Vegetation communities ...... 8 2.4 Limitations ...... 8

3. Results ...... 14 3.1 Desktop review ...... 14

3.1.1 Climate ...... 14 3.1.2 Geology, landform and soils ...... 16 3.1.3 Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia ...... 18 3.1.4 Rangeland land systems mapping...... 18 3.1.5 Beard’s (1975) vegetation mapping ...... 20 3.1.6 Previous surveys undertaken in the vicinity of the Project Area ...... 21 3.1.7 Areas of conservation significance ...... 24 3.1.8 Flora and fauna species of conservation significance ...... 25 3.2 Flora and vegetation survey ...... 30

3.2.1 Flora overview ...... 30 3.2.2 Accumulated Species – Sites Surveyed (Species-Area Curve) ...... 30 3.2.3 Conservation significant flora ...... 30 3.2.4 Range extensions ...... 35 3.2.5 Introduced flora ...... 35 3.2.6 Vegetation communities ...... 36 3.2.7 Vegetation condition ...... 43 3.3 Fauna survey ...... 52

3.3.1 Fauna habitat ...... 52

3.3.2 Fauna overview ...... 52

4. Discussion/summary ...... 58 4.1 Flora and vegetation ...... 58

4.1.2 Vegetation ...... 60 4.2 Fauna ...... 61

5. References ...... 65 Appendix A Framework for conservation significant flora and fauna ranking ...... 70 Appendix B Likelihood of occurrence assessment criteria ...... 75 Appendix C Flora likelihood of occurrence assessment ...... 76 Appendix D Fauna likelihood of occurrence assessment ...... 84 Appendix E Flora species list ...... 97 Appendix F Vegetation community site descriptions ...... 104 Appendix G Locations of conservation significant flora within the Project Area (ELA) ...... 123 Appendix H Hierarchical clustering dendrogram ...... 140 Appendix I Fauna species list ...... 141

List of Figures

Figure 1-1: Project Area location...... 2 Figure 2-1: Survey effort ...... 11 Figure 3-1: (a) Rainfall received at the Mount Augustus weather station (7053) in the 12 months preceding the field survey in June 2019 compared to the long-term average (BoM 2020) (b) Rainfall received at the Cobra Airstrip weather station (7209) in the 12 months preceding the field survey in June 2019 compared to the long-term average (BoM 2020) ...... 15 Figure 3-2: Rangeland Land System mapping of the Project Area (DPIRD 2020) ...... 26 Figure 3-3: Beard’s (1975) vegetation associations of the Project Area ...... 27 Figure 3-4: Conservation significant flora and ecological communities previously recorded within and in the vicinity of the Project Area (DBCA 2020a; DBCA 2020c; Ecoscape 2015;2019) ...... 28 Figure 3-5: Conservation significant fauna previously recorded within and in the vicinity of the Project Area (DBCA 2020b) ...... 29 Figure 3-6: Averaged randomised species accumulation curve ...... 30 Figure 3-7: Acacia curryana recorded within the Project Area © Eco Logical Australia 2020...... 31 Figure 3-8: Solanum octonum recorded within the Project Area © Eco Logical Australia 2020 ...... 32 Figure 3-9: Gymnanthera cunninghamii recorded within the Project Area © Eco Logical Australia 2020 ...... 33 Figure 3-10: Sporobolus blakei recorded within the Project Area © Eco Logical Australia 2020 ...... 33 Figure 3-11: Conservation significant flora recorded within the Project Area ...... 44 Figure 3-12: Vegetation communities recorded within the Project Area ...... 46 Figure 3-13: Vegetation condition recorded within the Project Area ...... 49 Figure 3-14: Fauna habitat recorded within the Project Area ...... 55

List of Tables

Table 2-1: Database searches undertaken within the Project Area ...... 3 Table 2-2: Survey team...... 4 Table 2-3: Threatened fauna species habitat type / feature associations utilised for targeted habitat assessment ...... 7 Table 2-4: Survey limitations ...... 9 Table 3-1: Rainfall data recorded at the Mount Augustus weather station (7053) 12 months prior to the field survey in June 2019 compared to the long-term average (BoM 2020) ...... 14 Table 3-2: Rainfall data recorded at the Cobra Airstrip weather station (7209) 12 months prior to the field survey in April 2020 compared to the long-term average (BoM 2020) ...... 15 Table 3-3: Soil map units of the WGP (Tille 2006) ...... 17 Table 3-4: Rangeland Land Systems of the Project Area (DPRID 2020) ...... 19 Table 3-5: Beard (1975) vegetation associations of the Project Area ...... 20 Table 3-6: Overview of previous studies undertaken in proximity to the Project Area ...... 22 Table 3-7: Conservation significant ecological communities within a 40 km radius of the Project Area (DBCA 2020c) ...... 25 Table 3-8: Acacia curryana records per vegetation community within the Project Area...... 31 Table 3-9: Flora species occurring as range extensions within the Project Area ...... 35 Table 3-10: Introduced flora of the Project Area ...... 35 Table 3-11: Vegetation communities recorded within the Project Area ...... 37 Table 3-12: Vegetation condition recorded within the Project Area ...... 43 Table 3-13: Fauna habitat recorded within the Project Area ...... 53

Abbreviations

Abbreviation Description

BAM Act State Biosecurity and Agriculture Management Act 2007

BC Act State Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016

BoM Bureau of Meteorology

CLUSTER Hierarchical Clustering

cm centimetre

DAFWA Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia

DAWE Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment

DBCA Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions

DEHWA Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts

DoE Department of the Environment

DPaW Department of Parks and Wildlife

Abbreviation Description

DPIRD Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development

DRF Declared Rare Flora

ELA Eco Logical Australia

EP Act State Environmental Protection Act 1986

EPA Environmental Protection Authority

EPBC Act Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999

ESA Environmentally Sensitive Area

ha hectare

Hastings Hastings Technology Metals Limited

IBRA Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia

IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature

km kilometre

m metre

Mi Migratory

mm millimetre

MNES Matters of National Environmental Significance

P Priority

PEC Priority Ecological Community

PMST Protected Matters Search Tool

PRIMER Plymouth Routines in Multivariate Ecological Research v6

SEWPaC Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities

SIMPER Similarity Percentages

SIMPROF Similarity Profile

TEC Threatened Ecological Community

the Project Yangibana Rare Earths Project

TSSC Threatened Species Scientific Committee

VU Vulnerable

WA Western Australia

WAH Western Australian Herbarium

WAM Western Australian Museum

WAOL Western Australian Organism List

WoNS Weeds of National Significance

Executive Summary

Eco Logical Australia was engaged by Hastings Metals Technology Limited to undertake a Detailed and Targeted flora and vegetation survey and a Level 1 fauna survey for an approved infrastructure corridor tenure, a buffer (+/-1 km from centre corridor tenure line), as well as a proposed camp and laydown area north of the approved infrastructure corridor tenure (the Project Area). This survey aims to provide biological information for the Project Area to support planning and approvals for the Yangibana Rare Earths Project, located approximately 270 kilometres east-northeast of Carnarvon in the Shire of Upper Gascoyne, Western Australia. Field surveys were undertaken over three periods from 19th to 28th June, 25th September to 3rd October 2019, and an additional supplementary survey from 1st to 2nd and on 9th April 2020.

A total of 260 taxa (244 native and 16 introduced) from 132 genera and 44 families were recorded from the Project Area. Average species richness per quadrat was 20.3 species, ranging from a low of 6 species at ELA74 to a high of 57 species at ELA89. The majority of taxa recorded were representative of the Fabaceae (48 taxa), Poaceae (37 taxa), Chenopodiaceae (20 taxa) and Malvaceae (20 taxa) families. Acacia, Ptilotus and Eremophila were the best represented genera with 23, 11 and 10 taxa recorded, respectively.

No Threatened flora species listed under the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 or the State Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 were recorded from within the Project Area. One Threatened flora species, Pityrodia augustensis, was identified from broad database searches as having the potential to occur within the Project Area. Following the field survey, this species was considered as being highly unlikely to occur, as suitable habitat and records of this species are restricted to Mount Augustus.

A total of four Priority flora species as listed by the Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, were recorded within the Project Area.

Acacia curryana (Priority 1) was recorded from 680-point locations within the Project Area; totalling 7,625 individuals. Of these, 360-point locations, totalling 4,941 individuals, were recorded from within the approved infrastructure corridor tenure (64.8% of all individuals). The total number of Acacia curryana recorded within the Project Area and approved infrastructure corridor tenure accounts for 36.7% and 23.8% of the total number of known individuals of this species within the broader Yangibana Operations Area (outside of the current Project Area), respectively.

Solanum octonum (Priority 2) was recorded from three-point locations within the Project Area; totalling 17 individuals. No individuals of this species were recorded from within the approved infrastructure corridor tenure. The total number of Solanum octonum recorded within the Project Area accounts for 37.8% of the total number of known individuals of this species within the broader Yangibana Operations Area (outside of the current Project Area).

Gymnanthera cunninghamii (Priority 3) was recorded from one-point location totalling three individuals within the approved infrastructure corridor tenure. The total number of Gymnanthera cunninghamii recorded within the approved infrastructure corridor tenure accounts for 8.3% of the total number of

© ECO LOGICAL AUSTRALIA PTY LTD vi Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited known individuals of this species within the broader Yangibana Operations Area (outside of the current Project Area).

Sporobolus blakei (Priority 3) was recorded from 58-point locations within the Project Area; totalling 978 individuals. Of these, 43-point locations, totalling 695 individuals, were recorded from within the approved infrastructure corridor tenure (71.1% of all individuals). The total number of Sporobolus blakei recorded within the Project Area and approved infrastructure corridor tenure accounts for 5.2% and 3.7% of the total number of known individuals of this species within the broader Yangibana Operations Area (outside of the current Project Area), respectively.

A total of eleven species were considered to be range extensions from their current known populations, comprising ten native species and one introduced (weed) species. Majority of these records represent linear geographical extensions from large known populations that occur between 100 to 250 kilometres from the Project Area. Outside of this general trend, known records of Enneapogon cylindricus and Senna symonii cover a wide geographical area; with records from the Project Area serving to fill a range gap.

A total of 15 introduced (weed) flora species were recorded as occurring within the Project Area. Of these, none are listed as Weeds of National Significance or Declared Pests under the State Biosecurity and Agriculture Management Act 2007. All weed species recorded are listed on the Western Australian Organism List Database as S-11 (permitted) species.

A total of eighteen vegetation communities were delineated and mapped within the Project Area. The most widespread vegetation community was AxEcPo, which comprised Acacia xiphophylla, Acacia synchronicia, Acacia tetragonophylla tall sparse shrubland, covering approximately 18% (4,162.6 hectares) of the Project Area. No vegetation communities delineated within the current Project Area were inferred to represent any or potential conservation significant communities listed under the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, the State Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 or by the Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.

Vegetation condition within the Project Area ranged from Degraded to Excellent, based on the vegetation condition scale adapted from Keighery and Trudgen provided in the Environmental Protection Authority Technical Guidance: Flora and Vegetation Surveys for Environmental Impact Assessment. Vegetation was observed to mostly be in Excellent condition (15,803.5 hectares; 66.7% of the Project Area). Disturbances within the Project Area included weeds, cattle and camel grazing, pastoral and cattle tracks and scats. Weeds were particularly prevalent in areas of high cattle movement and creekline/river zones.

Four broad fauna habitats were described within the Project Area, namely Fauna Habitat 1: Rocky undulating plains with occasional sandy patches, Fauna habitat 2: Minor creekline, floodouts, open depressions, drainage, Fauna habitat 3: Major creekline and Fauna habitat 4: Granite outcrop. Fauna habitat 1: Rocky undulating plains with occasional sandy patches was the most common, occurring across 72.6% of the Project Area (17,202.5 hectares), while Fauna habitat 4 was the most restricted, occurring across 0.3% of the Project Area (80.1 hectares), of which 3.9% occurs within the approved infrastructure corridor tenure (3 hectares).

A total of 87 vertebrate fauna species were recorded from the Project Area. This number comprised 73 birds, seven mammals and seven reptiles. Introduced fauna species recorded included Cattle (*Bos taurus), Donkey (*Equus asinus), Horse (*Equus ferus caballus) and Feral Cat (*Felis catus). No Threatened or Priority fauna species listed under the Federal Environment Protections and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, the State Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 or by the Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions were recorded from within the Project Area. Of the initial 29 conservation significant fauna species identified as possibly occurring within the Project Area, six are considered as having the potential to occur based on the presence of suitable habitat and close proximity of previous records. These include the Fork-tailed Swift (Apus pacificus; listed as Migratory under the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 and the State Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016), Common Greenshank (Tringa nebularia; listed as Migratory under the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 and the State Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016), Grey Falcon (Falco hypoleucos; listed as Vulnerable under the State Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016), Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus; listed as Other specially protected fauna under the State Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016), Long-tailed Dunnart (Sminthopsis longicaudata; listed as Priority 4 by the Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions) and Western Pebble-mound Mouse (Pseudomys chapmani; listed as Priority 4 by the Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions). The remaining 23 species were considered as unlikely to occur within the Project Area based on a lack of suitable habitat present within the survey area and distance of previous records.

For the purposes of the current flora, vegetation and fauna survey, adequate data has been collected to define and assess the presence, extent and significance of species and communities within the survey area. At the time of report preparation, no defined clearing footprint had been proposed within the approved tenure boundary, therefore an assessment of potential impacts to defined values was not provided. However, it is recognised that the buffer and approved tenure bounds far exceed what would actually be impacted by clearing associated with the development of narrow linear infrastructure e.g. access road, pipeline.

1. Introduction

1.1 Project background Hastings Technology Metals Limited (Hastings) plan to mine and process rare earth elements as part of the Yangibana Rare Earths Project (the Project), located approximately 270 kilometres (km) east- northeast of Carnarvon in the Shire of Upper Gascoyne, Western Australia (WA; Figure 1-1). The Project Area consists of an approved infrastructure tenure corridor tenure approximately 115 km in length, a buffer (+/-1 km from centre corridor tenure line), as well as a proposed camp and laydown area north of the approved infrastructure corridor (Figure 1-1).

Eco Logical Australia (ELA) was commissioned by Hastings in 2019 to undertake a Detailed and Targeted flora and vegetation survey and a Level 1 fauna survey of the Project Area, totalling approximately 23,684.9 hectares (ha) of vegetation, to provide baseline information to support environmental approvals.

1.1.1 Environmental legislation and guidelines The following key Commonwealth (Federal) and State legislation relevant to this survey include:

• Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act); and • State Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 (BC Act).

The following key Commonwealth (Federal) and State guidelines relevant to this survey include:

• Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) Technical Guidance: Flora and Vegetation Surveys for Environmental Impact Assessment (EPA 2016a); • EPA Technical Guidance: Terrestrial Fauna Surveys (EPA 2016b); • Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts (DEHWA) Survey guidelines for Australia's threatened bats: Guidelines for detecting bats listed as threatened under the EPBC Act (DEWHA 2010a); • DEWHA Survey guidelines for Australia's threatened birds: Guidelines for detecting birds listed as threatened under the EPBC Act (DEWHA 2010b); • Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPaC) Survey guidelines for Australia's threatened mammals: Guidelines for detecting mammals listed as threatened under the EPBC Act (SEWPaC 2011a); • SEWPaC Survey guidelines for Australia's threatened reptiles: Guidelines for detecting reptiles listed as threatened under the EPBC Act (SEWPaC 2011b); • Department of the Environment (DoE) EPBC Act referral guideline for the endangered Northern Quoll (Dasyurus hallucatus) (DoE 2016); • Department of Parks and Wildlife (DPaW) Interim guideline for preliminary surveys of the Night Parrot (Pezoporus occidentalis) in Western Australia (DPaW 2017a); and • DPaW Guidelines for surveys to detect the presence or absence of Bilbies and assess the importance of habitat within small impact areas in Western Australia (DPaW 2017b).

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

2. Methodology

2.1 Desktop review

2.1.1 Database searches The following Commonwealth and State databases were searched for information relating to conservation listed flora, fauna and ecological communities in order to compile and summarise existing data to inform the field survey. Database searches were undertaken around the coordinates provided in Table 2-1 below. Applied buffers below are considered suitable based on flora and fauna assemblages expected to occur within the Project Area.

Table 2-1: Database searches undertaken within the Project Area

Database Reference Coordinates Buffer (km)

EPBC Act Protected Matters Department of Central coordinates: Search Tool (PMST) for Agriculture, Water m 341564E m 7336612N, m 361149E m Threatened species and 20 and the Environment 7341690N, m 384362E m 7348309N, m communities listed under the (DAWE) 2020a 401952E m 7351029N EPBC Act.

Central coordinates: DBCA and Western Australian m 341564E m 7336612N, m 361149E m Museum (WAM) NatureMap DBCA 2007-2020 20 7341690N, m 384362E m 7348309N, m online database. 401952E m 7351029N

DBCA Threatened and Priority flora database searches for Coordinate polygon: Declared Rare Flora (DRF) (NW) metres (m) 308239E, m 7345601N, (NE) listed under the latest WA DBCA 2020a 50 m 430628E, m 7362348N, (SE) m 433871E, m Wildlife Conservation (Rare 7346155N, (SW) m 312772E, m 7325959N Flora) Notice and Priority Flora.

DBCA Threatened and Priority fauna database searches for Coordinate polygon: Scheduled fauna listed under (NW) m 308239E, m 7345601N, (NE) m the EPBC Act or latest WA DBCA 2020b 100 430628E, m 7362348N, (SE) m 433871E, m Wildlife Conservation 7346155N, (SW) m 312772E, m 7325959N (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice and Priority Fauna.

Coordinate polygon: DBCA Threatened and Priority (NW) m 308239E, m 7345601N, (NE) m Ecological Communities’ DBCA 2020c 40 430628E, m 7362348N, (SE) m 433871E, m database search. 7346155N, (SW) m 312772E, m 7325959N

2.1.2 Previous surveys

In addition, the following documents, provided by Hastings, were also reviewed: • Yangibana Rare Earths Project Flora and Fauna Survey – Eco Logical Australia (2018); • Yangibana Project Biological Assessment: Flora and Vegetation – Ecoscape (2015); • Yangibana Project Biological Assessment: Terrestrial Fauna – Ecoscape (2018);

• Yangibana Flora and Vegetation Addendum Report – Ecoscape (2019); • Desktop Flora & Vegetation Assessment, Proposed Yangibana Gas Pipeline – Mattiske Consulting Pty Ltd (2019); and • AGIG Pipeline Desktop Fauna Assessment – BIOSTAT Pty Ltd (2019).

2.1.3 Likelihood of occurrence assessment A likelihood of occurrence assessment was undertaken prior to undertaking field surveys, and updated following field surveys, to identify conservation listed flora and fauna species that possibly occur within the Project Area, identified from a review of key datasets and literature, as specified above. Conservation codes, categories and criteria for flora and fauna protected under the EPBC Act and the BC Act are provided in Appendix A. Criteria used for this assessment is presented in Appendix B.

2.2 Field survey

2.2.1 Survey team and timing A Detailed and Targeted flora and vegetation survey and a Level 1 fauna survey was undertaken over three survey periods from 19th to 28th June and from 25th September to 3rd October 2019, with an additional supplementary survey undertaken from 1st to 2nd and on 9th April 2020. Relevant qualifications, experience and licences of field staff are provided below in Table 2-2.

Table 2-2: Survey team

Field survey Name / role Qualification Relevant experience Licences role

Jeff has over 13 years’ experience conducting botanical and ecological studies throughout Western Australia including baseline (Reconnaissance and Targeted) flora Flora Dr. Jeff Field survey and vegetation studies, Targeted Threatened and Priority BSc. Hons. PhD. collection: Cargill / lead – flora species surveys, MNES surveys, weed assessments and Environmental FB62000138 Senior and vegetation rehabilitation and monitoring programs. Jeff Sciences DRF permit: Botanist vegetation has significant experience undertaking similar pipeline TFL 48-1920 assessments, including for the DBP Tanami Gas Pipeline, the CS2-Turbridgi-Wheatstone NGP and the Fortescue River Gas Pipeline.

Daniel has over 8 years’ experience in botanical surveys and environmental services throughout Western Australia. This includes baseline vegetation studies Flora (Reconnaissance and Detailed surveys), Threatened and Daniel BSc. Hons. Flora and collection: Priority flora surveys, rehabilitation and vegetation Brassington Environmental vegetation SL01250 monitoring, targeted species surveys, weed control, seed / Botanist Science survey DRF permit: collection and processing, nursery operations and TFL 15-1920 revegetation operations. Daniel has an extensive background in both mining and consulting, particularly in remote areas.

Daniel has more than 10 years’ experience conducting Flora Daniel BSc. Hons. Flora and botanical surveys throughout Western Australia. This collection: Marsh / Biological vegetation includes baseline vegetation studies threatened and FB62000074 Botanist Sciences survey priority flora surveys, rehabilitation and vegetation DRF permit: monitoring. TFL 14-1920

Field survey Name / role Qualification Relevant experience Licences role

BSc. Applied Hafiz has extensive experience in both the public and Hafiz Science in private sector, spanning South Australia, New South Stewart / Natural Field survey Wales, Northern Territory and Western Australia. Hafiz N/A Principal Resource lead – fauna combines in-depth ecological knowledge and experience Ecologist Management. with program and project management skills to Hons. Zoology. successfully deliver complex ecological projects.

Jeni has over six years’ experience conducting fauna surveys across Western Australia, including baseline Fauna (Level 2) and Level 1 fauna surveys and habitat Flora BSc. survey, flora assessments, Targeted Threatened species surveys and collection: Jeni Morris Conservation and rehabilitation monitoring programs. Jeni has 4 years’ FB62000070 / Ecologist and Wildlife vegetation experience undertaking flora and vegetation surveys in DRF permit: Biology survey WA, including Detailed and Targeted surveys, Targeted TFL 13-1920 Threatened and Priority species searches and weed assessments.

Briana is an environmental consultant with eight years’ experience across a variety of areas including BSc. Hons. environmental impact assessments and compliance, both Briana Environmental Fauna as a regulator and consultant. Briana has an ecology focus Wingfield / Science/Conserv N/A survey and has contributed to a wide range of environmental Ecologist ation and projects in Western Australia, including baseline fauna Wildlife Biology surveys, trench inspections, pre-clearance surveys and Targeted surveys.

2.2.2 Flora and vegetation survey A Detailed and Targeted flora and vegetation survey was conducted in accordance with the EPA Technical Guidance: Flora and Vegetation Surveys for Environmental Impact Assessment (EPA 2016a).

The number of quadrats established to describe vegetation communities was informed using aerial imagery as well as being assessed in the field. Dominant vegetation communities were described, with respect to dominant species, structure and overall condition. The Project Area is situated both with the Carnarvon and Gascoyne Bioregions for which 30 x 30 m and 20 x 20 m quadrats are recommended, respectively (EPA 2016a). To maintain consistency for vegetation analysis purposes, 30 x 30 m quadrats were used across the Project Area. Photos were taken from the north-western corner of each quadrat. Where relevant, opportunistic sampling of species not recorded within the quadrats was undertaken.

A total of 100 quadrats were established across the project area (Figure 2-1). The following data was recorded within each quadrat:

• Site details (site name, site number, observers, date and location); • Environmental information including slope, aspect, bare ground, rock outcropping, soil colour and type, litter layer, topographical position and time since last fire event; and • Biological information including vegetation structure and condition, degree of disturbance, species present and species percentage cover.

A Targeted survey was undertaken within suitable habitat in the project area to identify and record and conservation significant flora or communities potentially occurring, including:

• Threatened flora or Threatened Ecological Communities (TECs) listed under the EPBC Act; • Threatened (Declared Rare) Flora listed under the latest WA Wildlife Conservation (Rare Flora) Notice under the BC Act; • Priority Ecological Communities (PEC) endorsed by the Western Australian Minister for the Environment; or • Priority (P) flora recognised by DBCA.

The Targeted survey also included searches for any State or Federally listed weeds including Weeds of National Significance (WoNS) and Declared Pests listed under the State Biosecurity and Agriculture Management Act 2007 (BAM Act).

Where suitable habitat was identified for Threatened and Priority flora species within the project area, the survey methodology involved personnel walking transects within suitable habitat, with transects spaced (on average) 20-50 metres (m) apart. Locations of survey transects is shown in Figure 2-1 below. Flora species able to be identified in the field were recorded, and voucher specimens of unfamiliar species were collected for later identification. All collections were assigned a unique collecting number. For conservation significant identified in the field, the following was recorded:

• A colour photograph; • GPS location; • Population size estimate; • Location of population boundaries; • Associated habitat/landscape element; • Time and date observed; • Observer details; and • A voucher specimen suitable for use as a reference specimen (if appropriate to do so for conservation significant flora).

Flora specimen identification was undertaken by ELA Botanist Daniel Brassington. The Western Australian Herbarium (WAH) was also utilised to confirm additional specimens. Species identification utilised taxonomic literature and keys and where required specimens were confirmed using the WAH reference collection. Suitable material that meets WAH specimen lodgement requirements, such as flowering material and range extensions, will submitted along with Threatened and Priority Report forms to DBCA, as required by conditions of collection licences issued under the BC Act.

Nomenclature used for the flora species within this report follows the WA Plant Census as available on FloraBase (DBCA and WAH 2018).

2.2.3 Fauna survey The Level 1 fauna survey was conducted in accordance the EPA Technical Guidance: Terrestrial Fauna Surveys (EPA 2016b). An assessment of fauna habitat in terms of its ability to support and sustain populations of fauna, along with an assessment of the likelihood of occurrence of conservation significant fauna species, was undertaken during the survey. The habitat characteristics and fauna database records used in assessing likelihood of occurrence for fauna included:

• Vegetation community, structure and condition;

• Soil and landform type; • Extent and connectivity of bushland; • Fauna species habitat preferences; • Proximity of conservation significant fauna records; and • Signs of species presence.

Opportunistic recordings of fauna species were made at all times during the field survey. These included visual sightings of active fauna such as reptiles and birds; records of bird calls; and signs of species presence such as tracks, diggings, burrows, scats and any other signs of fauna activity.

In addition, a Targeted habitat assessment was undertaken to assess for the presence, extent, condition and value of habitat within the project area for Matters of National Environmental Significance (MNES) species, specifically the Northern Quoll (Dasyurus hallucatus), Night Parrot (Pezoporus occidentalis) and Greater Bilby (Macrotis lagotis). Habitat assessments included recording field values for specific resources considered important for each target species in areas of potentially suitable habitat or areas that were found to contain suitable habitat features. Potentially suitable habitat types or features that were associated for each target species and were the focus for habitat assessments are summarised in Table 2-3. Suitable habitat was traversed on foot to search for secondary evidence (burrows, tracks, diggings and scats) for targeted Threatened species. Where secondary evidence of targeted species was encountered, the following data was recorded:

• Location with GPS coordinates; • Photos of secondary evidence with scale bar; • Measurement of tracks and groupings (length and width) for Greater Bilby; • Estimated age of secondary evidence; • Soil substrate; • Habitat condition and signs of disturbance; and • Time since fire.

Table 2-3: Threatened fauna species habitat type / feature associations utilised for targeted habitat assessment

Target species habitat assessment

Habitat type / feature Northern Quoll Night Parrot Greater Bilby (Dasyurus (Pezoporus (Macrotis lagotis) hallucatus) occidentalis)

Eucalyptus/Corymbia/Acacia woodland over Spinifex X X

Shrubland over spinifex on sandplains including X X paleodrainage channels

Rocky areas, Eucalypt forest and woodlands X

Nomenclature used for the vertebrate fauna species within this report follows the WAM Checklist of the Vertebrates of Western Australia (WAM 2018). Where common names were not stated for certain species, the following references were consulted:

• Amphibians and reptiles: Bush et al. (2010); • Reptiles: Wilson and Swan (2013);

• Birds: Morcombe (2007); and • Mammals: Menkhorst and Knight (2011).

2.3 Data analysis

2.3.1 Flora species accumulation curve A flora species accumulation curve was undertaken to indicate adequacy of the survey effort (Clarke and Gorley 2006). As the number of survey sites increases, and correspondingly the size of the area surveyed increases, there should be a diminishing number of new species recorded. At some point, the number of new species recorded becomes essentially asymptotic. The asymptotic value was determined using Michaelis-Menten modelling and provided an incidence-based coverage estimator of species richness. When the number of new species being recorded for survey effort expended approaches this asymptotic value, the survey effort can be considered adequate.

2.3.2 Vegetation communities Plymouth Routines in Multivariate Ecological Research v6 (PRIMER) statistical analysis software was used to analyse species-by-site data and discriminate survey sites based on their species composition (Clarke and Gorley 2006). To down weight the relative contributions of quantitatively dominant species a 4th root transformation was applied to the species percentage cover dataset. Introduced species (which were not considered a dominant component), specimens not identified to species level and singletons (species recorded at a single quadrat and not forming a dominant structural component) were excluded from the data set prior to analysis. In addition, annuals were removed from the dataset prior to analysis due to the likelihood of substantial differences between years based on seasonality of local rainfall events. Computation of similarity matrices was based on the Bray-Curtis similarity measure. Data were analysed using a series of multivariate analysis routines including Similarity Profile (SIMPROF), Hierarchical Clustering (CLUSTER) and Similarity Percentages (SIMPER). Results were used to inform and support interpretation of aerial photography and delineation of individual plant communities.

To assess broader context of vegetation communities present within the Project Area, communities delineated and mapped from the current assessment were compared to previous vegetation communities described within, or adjacent to, the Project Area by Ecoscape (2015; 2019) and Eco Logical Australia (2018).

2.4 Limitations The EPA Technical Guide – Flora and Vegetation Surveys for Environmental Impact Assessment (EPA 2016a) recommends including discussion of the constraints and limitations of the survey methods used. Constraints and limitations for the Detailed and Targeted flora and vegetation and survey and the Level 1 fauna survey for the project area summarised in Table 2-4 below.

Table 2-4: Survey limitations

Potential Survey Limitation Impact on Survey

Sources of information and Not a constraint. Previous reports for the region were provided where applicable. Broad- availability of contextual scale vegetation mapping at a scale of 1:1,000,000 was available. Land system mapping at information (i.e. pre-existing a scale of 1:2,000,000 and soil and landform mapping was also available. Available background versus new information was sufficient to provide context at varying scales and therefore were not material). considered a limitation.

Not a constraint. The survey requirement of a Detailed and Targeted flora and vegetation Scope (i.e. what life forms, survey and a Level 1 fauna survey in accordance with relevant State and Federal legislation etc., were sampled). and EPA guidance documents was adequately met.

Not a constraint. Adequacy of sampling effort was tested via a species accumulation curve; Proportion of flora collected approximately 90.4% of the flora potentially present within the project area were and identified (based on recorded, which is considered to be an acceptable level of sample effort to compile a sampling, timing and comprehensive flora inventory and subsequently accurately delineate vegetation intensity). communities present within the project area.

Not a constraint. The project area was fully covered to meet requirements outlined in the Completeness and further scope of works. Quadrat locations were pre-selected using high resolution aerial work which might be needed photography, and confirmed in the field, to ensure all apparent vegetation communities (i.e. was the relevant project identified were sampled, with multiple replications where possible. Site selection and area fully surveyed). replication was considered adequate to accurately analyse and discriminate sites based on species composition and subsequently delineate vegetation community boundaries.

Not a constraint. Coverage of the Project Area was considered to be good. High quality aerial maps were used for both the survey and subsequent vegetation mapping. Due to Mapping reliability. the nature of vegetation in the Project Area, mapping boundaries of individual communities were discrete, and thus are considered accurate. Not a constraint. The field survey was undertaken in the appropriate season for the Gascoyne bioregion (March), as specified by the EPA Technical Guidance: Flora and Vegetation Surveys for Environmental Impact Assessment (2016), with additional supplementary surveys undertaken due to minor changes in the proposed alignment. Timing, weather, season, Rainfall in the three months prior to the survey in June 2019 was below the long-term cycle. average. Annual species were mostly absent from open rocky terrain, however, were abundant in creek line environments. The absence of annual species within open rocky terrain environments not hinder the ability to accurately delineate individual vegetation communities, as these are based on the dominance and composition of perennial flora.

Not a constraint: Disturbances within the project area included grazing by cattle and Disturbances (fire, flood, camels, damaged vegetation caused by cattle/camel trampling, vehicle and cattle tracks accidental human and weeds. These disturbances did not lower the confidence of delineating vegetation intervention, etc.). communities currently occurring within the Project Area.

Not a constraint. The survey effort was adequately met. The area was searched for conservation significant species by field staff undertaking transects within suitable habitat Intensity (in retrospect, was within the Project Are and a spaced adequately apart. This method provides an accurate the intensity adequate). assessment of habitat characteristics and likelihood of conservation significant species. The number of quadrats established was sufficient to determine the vegetation communities present and to identify any vegetation of conservation significance.

Resources (i.e. were there Not a constraint. The number of personnel conducting this field survey in the given time adequate resources to was adequate to undertake the required level of survey. Additional resources, including complete the survey to the equipment available, additional support and personnel were adequate. required standard).

Access problems (i.e. ability to Not a constraint. All relevant areas within the Project Area were able to be accessed and access Project Area). surveyed.

Potential Survey Limitation Impact on Survey

Experience levels (e.g. degree Not a constraint. The personnel conducting this field survey were suitably qualified to of expertise in plant identify specimens, having previously undertaken flora and fauna surveys in the Gascoyne identification to taxon level). bioregion of Western Australia.

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

3. Results

3.1 Desktop review

3.1.1 Climate The Gascoyne Region experiences an arid climate with predominately winter rainfall in the west, and summer rainfall in the east (Bastin and the ACRIS Management Committee 2008). Beard (1990), similarly describes the Gascoyne region as having an arid climate, with annual precipitation generally totalling 200-250 millimetres (mm) for both summer and winter rainfall events.

Based on climate data from the nearby Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) Mount Augustus weather station (station number 7053, rainfall data 1901 – current, located approximately 75 km east-southeast of the Project Area), the area receives an average annual rainfall of 232.4 mm, with most rainfall occurring during the summer and autumn months of January, February and March (36.7 mm, 48.5 mm and 34.2 mm, respectively; BoM 2020;). In the 12 months preceding the field survey in June 2019, the area received a total of 183.9 mm of rainfall, which is below the long-term average. A total of 40.7 mm of rainfall was received in the three months prior to the field survey, which is less than the long-term average for the same time period (76.2 mm). Survey conditions at the time of the field survey in June 2019 was considered adequate.

Updated rainfall data for the Project Area was not available from the Mount Augustus weather station. The Cobra Airstrip weather station (station number 7209, rainfall data 2011-current, located approximately 30 km southeast of the Project Area) received a total of 142.4 mm of rainfall in the three months preceding the field survey in September 2019, which is well above the average for the same period (12.6 mm; BoM 2020;). The area received a total of 25.2 mm of rainfall in the three months preceding the field survey in April 2020, which is above the average for the same time period (2.4 mm; BoM 2020). As a result, survey conditions at the time of the September 2019 and April 2020 surveys was considered to be very good.

Rainfall data is presented in Table 3-1, Table 3-2 and in Figure 3-1 below.

Table 3-1: Rainfall data recorded at the Mount Augustus weather station (7053) 12 months prior to the field survey in June 2019 compared to the long-term average (BoM 2020)

Month Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Total

Total monthly rainfall 106.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 25.6 11.4 0 40.7 0 183.9 2018- 2019 (mm)

Average monthly rainfall 28.4 15.5 8.5 2 2.3 5.5 8.8 36.7 48.5 34.2 19.1 22.9 232.4 1901- current

Table 3-2: Rainfall data recorded at the Cobra Airstrip weather station (7209) 12 months prior to the field survey in April 2020 compared to the long-term average (BoM 2020)

Month Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Total

Total monthly rainfall 32.8 0.2 14.2 7.8 3.2 0.0 0.4 0.0 17.4 84.0 34.4 24.0 218.4 2019- 2020 (mm)

Average monthly rainfall 0.0 0.0 2.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 6.6 6.0 0.0 15.2 2011- current

Figure 3-1: (a) Rainfall received at the Mount Augustus weather station (7053) in the 12 months preceding the field survey in June 2019 compared to the long-term average (BoM 2020) (b) Rainfall received at the Cobra Airstrip weather station (7209) in the 12 months preceding the field survey in June 2019 compared to the long-term average (BoM 2020)

3.1.2 Geology, landform and soils 3.1.2.1 Geology The Project Area is predominately situated within the Gascoyne Geologic Province. This Province is situated on Early Proterozoic sutures between the Pilbara craton, Glenburgh Terrane and the Yilgarn craton. During the Early Proterozoic Capricorn Orogeny, and the following Middle and Late Proterozoic orogenies, granites and other intrusive rocks, along with related metamorphic rocks, were emplaced throughout the Gascoyne region, and the older rocks further deformed (Johnson et al. 2013). Middle Proterozoic sedimentary basins formed above the suture between the ancient cratons (Tille 2006). These rocks of sandstone and conglomerate with shale and siltstone lie below the soils of the region, which consist of shallow earthy loams overlying red-brown hardpan on the broad, flat valley floors, with shallow stony soils on the low ranges (Beard 1990). On the stony plains there are red shallow loams, red/brown non-cracking clays, red loamy earths and red deep sandy duplexes. The hardpan wash plains have red loamy earths and red/brown hardpan shallow loams, with some red shallow loams, red deep sands and red shallow sandy duplexes (Tille 2006). A surface layer of gravel and shingle derived from the surrounding harder rocks is a feature of the area (Beard 1975).

3.1.2.2 Landforms and soils The Project Area is predominantly situated within the Ashburton soil-landscape Province, with western most sections being situated within the Carnarvon soil-landscape Province.

The Ashburton soil-landscape Province largely comprises a mosaic of hilly terrain and stony plains. Rugged ranges, hills, ridges and plateaux occur on the sedimentary rocks, often encompassing stony uplands and plains. Downslope, extensive flats and gently sloping plains on depositional surfaces occur, generally comprising red-brown hardpans, often covered with a surface mantle of gravel or stones. Alluvial plains are associated with the major rivers, and some restricted areas of calcrete platforms and plains also occur in the Gascoyne Valley (Tille 2006).

The Carnarvon soil-landscape Province largely comprises flat to gently undulating sandplains, with occasional linear (or reticulate) dunes and broad depressions also occurring. These depressions may form broad sand swales, clayey interdunal plains, saline flats or limestone plains. Alluvial plains occur on old river deltas toward the west of the Province, whereas undulating stony plains (with low hills, mesas, breakaways and ridges of sandstone and siltstone) tend to occur to the east (Tille 2006).

3.1.2.3 Soils The Ashburton soil-landscape Province is divided into several soil-landscape zones, with the project area being predominately situated within the Yaragner Hills and to a lesser extent the South Bangemall Hills Zone in the east.

The Yaragner Hills and Plains Zone occurs in the northern Gascoyne between Nanutarra and the Gascoyne River at Landor Station. This zone largely comprises undulating stony uplands, stony plains, hills and ranges on Gascoyne Complex granitic and sedimentary rocks. These soils are mostly stony with red shallow loamy duplexes, red deep sandy duplexes and red shallow loams, and some red shallow sandy duplexes and red/brown non-cracking clays (Tille 2006).

The South Bangemall Hills Zone occurs in the northern Gascoyne between Maroonah Station and the Gascoyne River. This zone largely comprises hardpan wash plains (with hills, ranges and stony plains) on

© ECO LOGICAL AUSTRALIA PTY LTD 16 Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited sedimentary rocks of the Edmund Basin. These soils are mostly red loamy earths and red/brown non- cracking clays with some red shallow loams and red deep sands (Tille 2006).

Similarly, the Carnarvon soil-landscape Province is divided into several soil-landscape zones, with the westernmost section of the Project Area being situated and Wandagee-Byro Plains and Hills Zone.

The Wandagee-Byro Plains and Hills Zone occurs in the Gascoyne region between the Lyndon and Wooramel Rivers. This zone largely comprises stony plains, sandplains and alluvial plains (with some mesas, hills and hardpan wash plains) on Quaternary deposits over Permian and Carboniferous sedimentary rocks of the Carnarvon Basin. These soils are mostly red deep sandy duplexes and red deep sands with red sandy earths and some red loamy earths, stony soils and red shallow sandy duplexes (Tille 2006).

Specific soil units mapped across the Project Area are described in Table 3-3 below.

Table 3-3: Soil map units of the WGP (Tille 2006)

Soil Map Soil Map Unit Source Description Unit Code

Terraces and levees flanking the main rivers: dominant soils are (Um5.2) but other soils of some importance BD2 are (Uc5.32) and (Gn2. 13); while (Uc1.22) soils occur on the youngest terraces and there are limited areas of (Dr) soils.

Plains dominated by earthy loams (Um5.3) with red-brown hardpan at shallow depth: there are also large BE9 areas of (Uf6.71) and (Ug5.37) soils in lower situations. Narrow zones of (Um5.11) soils on calcrete (kunkar) are adjacent to many of the creek lines.

Ranges comprising basic intrusive rocks, conglomerates, and other sediments including dolomite; some valley plains. Soils are frequently shallow and stony and there are areas without soil cover: chief soils are Fa17 stony shallow earthy loams (Um5.51) along with some (Um6.23) soils. (Um5.52), (Gn2.13), and (Dr2.33) soils occur on the valley plains with (Um5.11) soils on calcrete (kunkar) along the creek lines. The (Um5.11) soils may be associated also with stony (Gc1.12) soils on exposures of dolomite.

Valley flats along major drainage lines, associated with limestone and calcareous gravels (kunkar): chief soils Lb12 are highly calcareous earths (Gc1.12) with minor areas of shallow calcareous loams (Um1.l). Associated are areas of hard red soils (Dr2.33) and some cracking clays (Ug5.37).

Gently sloping pediplains with some rock outcrop and occasional red sand dunes: chief soils appear to be Oc46 hard alkaline red soils (Dr2.33) with some areas of red earths (Gn2.11), both of which overlie red-brown hardpan in some places; with (Uc5.11) soils on the dunes.

Gently undulating pediplain on granite with occasional low granite bosses and tors: hard alkaline red soils Oc51 (Dr2.33) are dominant. (Dr2.32) soils also occur along with (Gn2.12) soils while (Um5.1) soils overlie calcrete (kunkar) zones adjacent to creeks. There is little or no red-brown hardpan in this unit.

Partially dissected pediplains on gneiss. Low stony ridges associated with quartz dykes occur and there are minor occurrences of breakaways and mesas. Surface quartz gravels are extensive. Hard alkaline red soils Oc54 (Dr2.33) are dominant along with (Dr2.32) soils on steeper slopes. There are small areas of (Gn2.12) soils on outwash areas. The red-brown hardpan rarely occurs and when present lies beneath the (Gn2.12) soils.

Alluvial plains dominated by hard alkaline red soils (Dr2.33): narrow zones of (Um5.12) (Uc5.32), and (Uc1 Oc55 .22) soils occur along streamlines as well as occasional patches of (Um5. 11) soils on calcrete (kunkar).

Partially dissected pediments and breakaways on Permian sedimentary rocks; quartz gravels are widespread: hard alkaline red soils (Dr2.33) are dominant along with some (Dr2.53) soils. (Gn1.12) and (Um5.11) soils Oc57 occur on exposed Permian limestone and on calcrete (kunkar). Small areas of (Um5.3) occur on red-brown hardpan, which frequently caps the breakaways.

3.1.3 Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia The Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia (IBRA) currently classifies 89 bioregions across Australia, based on a range of biotic and abiotic factors such as climate, vegetation, fauna, geology and landform (Thackway and Cresswell 1995; DAWE 2020b). These bioregions are currently further refined into 419 sub-regions representing more localised and homogenous geomorphological units in each bioregion (DAWE 2020b). IBRA divides Western Australia into 26 biogeographic regions and 53 subregions based on dominant landscape characteristics of climate, lithology, geology, landform and vegetation (DAWE 2020b).

The Project Area is predominately situated in the Gascoyne bioregion (Augustus subregion, GAS03), with the westernmost section being situated within the Carnarvon Bioregion (Wooramel subregion, CAR02).

The Gascoyne bioregion is described as having low, rugged ranges and broad, flat valleys, with vegetation dominated by open mulga low woodlands (Bastin and the ACRIS Management Committee 2008). More specifically, the Augustus subregion of this bioregion comprises rugged low Proterozoic sedimentary and granite ranges divided by broad flat valleys. The Gascoyne River system form the main drainage zone for this subregion, with headwaters of the Ashburton and Fortescue Rivers also being situated in this subregion. Vegetation of the subregion generally comprises open Mulga parkland on shallow hardpan plains, with shallow stony rises supporting Mulga woodland and Triodia (Desmond et al 2001).

The Carnarvon bioregion is described as having a mosaic of saline alluvial plains with samphire and saltbush low shrublands, low woodland on sandy ridges and plains, snakewood scrub on clay flats, and tree to shrub steppe over hummock grasslands on and between red sand dune fields. Limestone outcrops support Acacia shrubland in the north, where sheltered tidal flats to the west support Mangal (Bastin and the ACRIS Management Committee 2008). More specifically, the Wooramel (CAR02) subregion comprises alluvial plains associated with downstream sections and deltas of the Gascoyne, Minilya and Wooramel Rivers; and includes Lake MacLeod and the Kennedy Range. Aeolian red sand dunefields are extensive throughout the north and east of the subregion, supporting tree to shrub steppe over hummock grasslands. Southern areas of the subregion tend to be dominated by limestone plateaux overlain by red sand plains, supporting Acacia shrublands (Mulga, Bowgada and A. coriacea) over bunch grasses on red sandy ridges and plains. Within this sub-region, mangroves are confined to small areas around Lake MacLeod and near Carnarvon, with saline alluvial plains with samphire and saltbush low shrublands occring near-coastal areas (Desmond et al. 2001).

3.1.4 Rangeland land systems mapping Rangeland Land Systems mapping prepared by the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development (DPIRD; formerly Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia [DAFWA]), provides and inventory and condition survey of lands in the Gascoyne region (DPIRD 2020) at a 1: 250 000 scale. These surveys describe the biophysical characteristics of each region and subsequently divide each region into land systems; land systems being defined as repeating patterns of topography, soils and vegetation (Waddell et al. 2012).

The Project Area traverses thirteen Land Systems. Landform and vegetation characteristics of these Land Systems are described in Table 3-4 and depicted in Figure 3-2 below.

Table 3-4: Rangeland Land Systems of the Project Area (DPRID 2020)

Total current Proportion of Extent mapped extent total current Land system Source Description within the mapped in extent within the Project Area (ha) WA (ha) Project Area (%)

Rocky hills, with peaks and ridges above Agamemnon extensive stony slopes, supporting scattered tall 472,134.9 2,104.6 0.45 shrublands of mulga and other acacias.

Rugged ranges, hills, ridges and plateaux with skeletal soils supporting mulga and other Acacia Augustus 1,978,910.3 135.0 0.01 shrublands in southern parts or hard spinifex grasslands in northern parts.

Stony plains, lower tributary drainage plains and low stony rises, supporting scattered tall Durlacher 661,938.9 3,905.9 0.59 shrublands of mulga, other Acacias and chenopod low shrubs.

River channels and associated narrow alluvial plains and inclusions, supporting river redgum Gascoyne 235,080.0 1,267.1 0.54 fringing woodlands, also mulga and other acacias, Senna spp. and buffel grass.

Rugged granite hills, stony uplands and lower Glenburgh plains, supporting scattered tall shrublands of 70,168.2 352.2 0.50 mulga and other Acacias.

Plains with calcareous soils and parallel bands of Gneudna siltstone and limestone outcrop, supporting 8,665.1 553.1 6.38 sparse shrublands of acacia and bluebush.

Low hills and tors of granite, schist-gneiss ridges, with stony lower plains, rises and drainage floors, James 204,097.1 4,740.9 2.32 supporting scattered tall shrublands of mulga and other Acacias.

Gently sloping alluvial plains with diffuse drainage tracts below minor ridges and pebbly Jimba 339,812.0 462.1 0.14 plains, supporting scattered acacia tall and low shrublands and some chenopod shrublands.

Gently undulating stony plains with sluggish drainage tracts, stony rises and low summits, Mantle 199,855.5 62.3 0.03 supporting scattered tall and low shrublands dominated by Acacias and Eremophilas.

Plains and calcrete rises with chenopod Nadarra 115,605.4 5,671.2 4.91 shrublands and hard spinifex grasslands.

Low hills and undulating uplands on gneiss and Phillips quartz supporting mulga and other acacia tall 817,234.3 2,964.4 0.36 shrublands.

Long, low hills and stony footslopes of Two Hills sedimentary rocks, supporting tall shrublands of 35,637.7 166.1 0.47 mulga and other Acacias.

Scattered granite tors and domes above stony Yinnietharra 141,295.9 1,299.8 0.92 slopes, broad sandy plains with groved

Total current Proportion of Extent mapped extent total current Land system Source Description within the mapped in extent within the Project Area (ha) WA (ha) Project Area (%) vegetation and wide drainage tracts, supporting tall shrublands of mulga and other Acacias.

3.1.5 Beard’s (1975) vegetation mapping Vegetation type and extent have been mapped at a regional scale by Beard (1975) who categorised vegetation into broad vegetation associations. Based on this mapping at a scale of 1:1,000,000, the DPIRD has compiled a list of vegetation extent and types across WA (Shepherd et al. 2002).

Eleven vegetation association occurs within the project area (Government of Western Australia 2018; Figure 3-3). Each of these associations have greater than 99.9% of their pre-European extent remaining in Western Australia. A list of each vegetation association and their relative mapped extents in relation to the Project Area has been provided in Table 3-5; Government of Western Australia 2018).

Table 3-5: Beard (1975) vegetation associations of the Project Area

Proportion of Total current Extent Vegetation Pre-European % total extent extent (ha) mapped (ha) (System) Description extent (ha) remaining mapped within mapped within within the Association within WA within WA the Project Area WA Project Area (%)

Low woodland; Gascoyne mulga & 518,456.9 518,454.5 100.0 11,420.8 2.20 Ranges_165 snakewood (Acacia eremaea)

Low woodland; Gascoyne mulga & Acacia 222,115.3 222,115.3 100.0 1,330.0 0.60 Ranges_166 victoriae.

Low woodland; Gascoyne mulga (Acacia 1,812,659.3 1,811,127.1 99.9 3,387.1 0.19 Ranges_18 aneura)

Shrublands; Gascoyne mulga & 1,427,891.5 1,427,727.4 100.0 38.1 <0.01 Ranges_181 snakewood scrub.

Sparse low woodland; mulga Gascoyne & Acacia 55,211.1 55,175.5 99.9 3,562.2 6.45 Ranges_222 victoriae in scattered groups.

Low woodland; Gascoyne Acacia victoriae 16,495.4 16,495.4 100.0 1,546.6 9.38 Ranges_264 & snakewood.

Lower Low woodland; Riverine Acacia victoriae 481,787.1 481,782.6 100.0 561.7 0.12 Plains – & snakewood. North_264

Lower Riverine Shrublands; 19,932.2 19,932.2 100.0 438.2 2.20 Plains – mulga scrub. North_39

Shrublands; Yinnietharra snakewood & 789,353.1 789,338.6 100.0 1,400.1 0.18 Hills_160 Acacia victoriae scrub.

3.1.6 Previous surveys undertaken in the vicinity of the Project Area

A review was undertaken of previous studies completed within, or in the vicinity of the Project Area, as outlined in Section 2.1.2 above. An overview of conservation significant flora, communities and fauna identified as occurring, or as having the potential to occur within or adjacent to the Project Area is provided below in Table 3-6.

Table 3-6: Overview of previous studies undertaken in proximity to the Project Area

Conservation significant species or communities Conservation significant species or communities with Reference Survey type and location recorded the potential to occur

Conservation significant flora: Goodenia nuda (P4) Reconnaissance and Targeted flora Yangibana Rare Earths Conservation significant flora: Goodenia Conservation significant fauna: Fork-tailed Swift (Apus and vegetation surveys and a Level 1 Project Flora and Fauna berringbinensis (P4) pacificus; MI under the EPBC Act and BC Act), Grey fauna survey undertaken adjacent to Survey (Eco Logical Australia Conservation significant fauna: Western Pebble- Falcon (Falco hypoleucos; VU under the BC Act), the north and west of the current 2018) mound Mouse (Pseudomys chapmanii; P4) Rainbow Bee-eater1 (Merops ornatus), Long-tailed Project Area. Dunnart (Sminthopsis longicaudata; P4)

Conservation significant flora: Acacia curryana (P1), Yangibana Flora and Elacholoma sp. Showy flowers (C.P. Campbell 1762; Vegetation Addendum Detailed and Targeted flora surveys P1), Rhodanthe frenchii (P2), Solanum octonum (P2), Report. Hastings Technology undertaken approximately 6 km to 32 Wurmbea fluviatilis (P2), Acacia atopa (P3), N/A Metals Limited (Ecoscape km north from the current Project Gymnanthera cunninghamii (P3), Sporobolus blakei 2019, incorporating results Area. (P3), Goodenia berringbinensis (P4), Goodenia nuda from Ecoscape 2015). (P4), Abutilon malvifolium (RE2), Corchorus tridens (RE)

Conservation significant fauna: Yinnietharra Dragon Two phase Level 2 trapping survey (Ctenophorus yinnietharra; VU under EPBC Act and BC Conservation significant fauna: Rainbow Bee-eater1 Yangibana Project Biological and trapping for SRE fauna Act), Fork-tailed Swift (Apus pacificus; MI under the (Merops ornatus), Eastern Great Egret (Ardea Assessment: Terrestrial undertaken approximately 6 km to 32 EPBC Act and BC Act), Grey Falcon (Falco hypoleucos; modesta; MI under the BC Act), Long-tailed Dunnart Fauna (Ecoscape 2018). km north from the current Project VU under BC Act), Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus; (Sminthopsis longicaudata P4) Area. OS under BC Act), Golden Gudgeon (Hypseleotris aurea; P4).

Conservation significant ecological communities: Gifford Creek, Mangaroon, Wanna calcrete groundwater assemblage type on Lyons Desktop Flora & Vegetation palaeodrainage on Gifford Creek, Lyons and Wanna Assessment, Proposed Desktop flora and vegetation Stations (PEC). Yangibana Gas Pipeline – assessment, located adjacent to the N/A Mattiske Consulting Pty Ltd northeast of the current Project Area Conservation significant flora: Pityrodia augustensis (2019) (VU under EPBC Act and BC Act), Acacia curryana (P1), Indigofera eriophylla (P1), Tephrosia sp. Kennedy Range (J.S. Beard 4392) (P1), Acacia petricola (P2), Rhodanthe frenchii (P2), Solanum octonum, (P2)

Conservation significant species or communities Conservation significant species or communities with Reference Survey type and location recorded the potential to occur Wurmbea fluviatilis (P2), Gymnanthera cunninghamii (P3), Sporobolus blakei (P3), Goodenia berringbinensis (P4), Goodenia nuda (P4).

Conservation significant fauna: Curlew Sandpiper (Calidris ferruginea; CR and MI under EPBC Act and BC Act), Night Parrot (Pezoporus occidentalis; CR under EPBC Act and BC Act), Northern Quoll (Dasyurus hallucatus; EN under EPBC Act and BC Act), Bilby AGIG Pipeline Desktop Fauna Desktop fauna assessment, located (Macrotis lagotis; VU under EPBC Act and BC Act), Assessment – BIOSTAT Pty adjacent to the northeast of the N/A Ghost Bat (Macroderma gigas; VU under EPBC Act and Ltd (2019). current Project Area BC Act), Pilbara Leaf-nosed Bat (Rhinonicteris aurantia, Pilbara form; VU under EPBC Act and BC Act), Yinnietharra Dragon (Ctenophorus yinnietharra; VU under EPBC Act and BC Act), Grey Falcon (Falco hypoleucos; VU under BC Act). 1Species is no longer listed as a conservation significant species 2RE=Range extension

3.1.7 Areas of conservation significance Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESAs) are defined in the Environmental Protection (Environmentally Sensitive Areas) Notice 2005 under section 51B of the State Environmental Protection Act 1986 (EP Act). ESAs include areas declared as World Heritage, included on the Register of the National Estate1, defined wetlands, and vegetation containing rare (Threatened) flora and TECs.

PECs are biological flora or fauna communities that are recognised to be of significance, but do not meet the criteria for a TEC. There are five categories of PECs, none of which are currently protected under legislation.

No World Heritage Areas, National Heritage or Ramsar wetlands are located within or in close proximity to the Project Area. Kennedy Range National Park and Mt Augustus National Park are located to over 22.5 km south-southwest and over 65 km southeast of the Project Area, respectively (DBCA 2020c). The current proposal will have no direct bearing on values associated with these two National Parks. There are no known occurrences of TECs within the Project Area (DBCA 2020c).

A DBCA Threatened and Priority Communities database search (DBCA 2018c) identified three PECs recorded within a 40 km radius of the Project Area (Table 3-7). Of these, the buffer of the Gifford Creek/Mangaroon/Wanna Calcrete ecological community, listed as Priority 1, occurs across a vast portion of the Project Area to the east. This community is described as “unique assemblages of invertebrates have been identified in the groundwater calcretes” (DBCA 2020d). The Gifford Creek PEC is one of many on the Gascoyne region that contains unique assemblages of invertebrates living in calcrete aquifers.

A biological assessment of subterranean fauna in the Yangibana project area was carried out in 2015-16 (Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd 2017) and found that “suitable conditions for the subterranean fauna were recorded from a number of areas”, but the proposed project area covered only 0.03% of the mapped PEC. Bennelongia Environmental Consultants (2018) conducted an extensive field survey in 2017 and found 80 stygofauna species, of which half are expected to be endemic to the PEC, but all of which have also been found in areas outside the Yangibana project area. Of the 13 troglofauna species found, six are likely to be endemic to the PEC, but are either known to or are likely to occur outside the Yangibana project area. The report (Bennelongia Environmental Consultants 2018) considered that the stygofauna and troglofauna communities are unlikely to be threatened by mining or water abstraction activities associated with the Yangibana project. Given that any works associated within the proposed infrastructure corridor tenure are likely to be surface clearing and/or shallow excavation, construction is likely to have negligible impact on the Gifford Creek PEC.

1 Note the Register of National Estate was closed in 2007 and is no longer a statutory list. The Register of National Estate has been replaced by the National Heritage List under the EPBC Act.

Table 3-7: Conservation significant ecological communities within a 40 km radius of the Project Area (DBCA 2020c)

Conservation code

Endorsed Closest occurrence to Community ID Community description by the WA EPBC Act Minister / the Project listed by Area (km) DBCA

Gifford Creek, Mangaroon, Wanna calcrete Gifford Buffer occurs groundwater assemblage type on Lyons Creek/Mangaroon/Wanna - P1 within the palaeodrainage on Gifford Creek, Lyons and Calcrete Project Area Wanna Stations

Level plains and sluggish drainage floors with 25 km to the Bibbingunna System clay soils supporting grassy halophytic - P3* east of the shrublands. Project Area

26 km to the Saline alluvial plains and sandy banks east-southeast Peedawarra Systems supporting chenopod low shrublands and - P3* of the Project acacia shrublands with wandarrie grasses. Area *Community type occurs in more than one region

3.1.8 Flora and fauna species of conservation significance An initial 25 conservation listed flora species and 29 conservation listed fauna species were identified as possibly occurring within the Project Area, based on the database searches undertaken in Section 2.1.3 and using criteria outlined in Appendix B.

Conservation significant flora species identified from database searches undertaken include one species listed as Vulnerable (VU) under the EPBC Act, eleven species listed as P1 by DBCA, four species listed at P2 by DBCA, seven species listed as P3 by DBCA and two species listed as P4 by DBCA. A likelihood of occurrence assessment was undertaken prior to undertaking field surveys. Of the 25 flora species identified, one species, Acacia curryana (P1) was considered as likely to occur and ten species were considered as having the having the potential to occur, based on the species habitat preferences and proximity of records to the Project Area. The remaining 14 species were considered unlikely to occur. The flora likelihood of occurrence assessment is presented in Appendix C.

Conservation significant fauna species identified from database searches undertaken includes: two species listed as Critically Endangered under the EPBC Act and BC Act, one of which is also listed as Migratory (Mi) under both Acts, three species listed as Endangered under the EPBC Act and BC Act, four species listed as VU under the EPBC Act and BC Act, one species listed as VU under the EPBC Act and as Conservation Dependant under the BC Act, ten species listed as Mi under the EPBC Act and BC Act, one species listed as VU under the BC Act, one species listed as Other specially protected species under the BC Act, one species as P2 by DBCA and six species as P4 by DBCA.

A likelihood of occurrence assessment was undertaken prior to undertaking field surveys. Of the 29 fauna species identified, 17 species were considered having the potential to occur, based on the species habitat preferences and proximity of records to the Project Area. The remaining 12 species were considered unlikely to occur. The fauna likelihood of occurrence assessment is presented in Appendix D.

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

3.2 Flora and vegetation survey

3.2.1 Flora overview A total of 260 taxa (244 native and 16 introduced) from 132 genera and 44 families were recorded from the Project Area. The majority of taxa recorded were representative of the Fabaceae (48 taxa), Poaceae (37 taxa), Chenopodiaceae (20 taxa) and Malvaceae (20 taxa) families. Acacia, Ptilotus and Eremophila were the best represented genera with 23, 11 and 10 taxa recorded, respectively. Average species richness per quadrat was 20.3 species, ranging from a low of 6 species at ELA74 to a high of 57 species at ELA89. A flora species by quadrat matrix is presented in Appendix E. Quadrat data is presented in Error! Reference source not found..

3.2.2 Accumulated Species – Sites Surveyed (Species-Area Curve) A species accumulation curve (Figure 3-6) was used to evaluate the adequacy of sampling (Clarke and Gorley 2006). Only species data recorded from defined quadrats were used; no opportunistic flora collections were included. The asymptotic value was determined using Michaelis Menten modelling. Using this analysis, the incidence-based coverage estimator of species richness was calculated to be 286.61. Based on this value, and the total of 258 species recorded within quadrats, approximately 90.4% of the flora species potentially present within the project area were recorded, which is considered to be an acceptable level of sample effort. A figure such as this reflects the largely homogeneous nature of vegetation occurring within the Project Area, with subtle variations in species assemblages/structure generally defining individual vegetation communities, rather than multiple discrete assemblages of unique species.

350

300

250

200

150

Numberof Taxa 100

0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Quadrats

Theoretical Asymptote Cumulative Number of Taxa

Figure 3-6: Averaged randomised species accumulation curve

3.2.3 Conservation significant flora No Threatened flora species listed under the EPBC Act or the BC Act were recorded within the Project Area or were considered to have the potential to occur within the Project Area.

Four Priority flora species were recorded from the Project Area, namely Acacia curryana, listed as P1 by DBCA, Solanum octonum, listed as P2 by DBCA, Gymnanthera cunninghamii, listed as P3 by DBCA and

Sporobolus blakei, listed as P3 by DBCA. Locations of conservation significant flora recorded within the Project Area are provided in Appendix G.

3.2.3.1 Acacia curryana (P1) Acacia curryana was recorded from 680-point locations within the Project Area; totalling 7,625 individuals. Of these, 663-point locations totalling 6,935 individuals are from the current assessment, while 17-point locations totalling 690 individuals were previous recorded by Ecoscape (2019). Of the 680-point locations recorded within the Project Area (7,625 individuals), 360-point locations (4,941 individuals) were located within the approved infrastructure corridor tenure (64.8% of individuals).

Majority of records of A. curryana occur within vegetation community AtEeAc (532-point locations totalling 6,966 individuals; 91.4% of individuals), of which it forms a dominant species: Acacia tetragonophylla, Acacia curryana (P1), Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii tall sparse shrubland over Eremophila exilifolia, Solanum lasiophyllum, Corchorus crozophorifolius mid sparse shrubland. The remainder of records were found within vegetation communities AcAcCc, AcSaAc, AmEcPo, AsEcPo and AxEcPo (Table 3-8). This species was sterile at the time of the field survey (Figure 3-7).

Within the broader Yangibana Operations Area (outside of the current Project Area within an approximate 10 km radius), A. curryana is known from 1,284-point locations, totalling 13,132 individuals (DBCA 2020a; Ecoscape 2015; 2019; ELA 2020b in prep.). As a result, the total number of A. curryana individuals within the Project Area and approved infrastructure corridor tenure account for 36.7% and 23.8%, respectively, of the total number of known individuals within the broader Yangibana Operations Area (Figure 3-11).

Table 3-8: Acacia curryana records per vegetation community within the Project Area

Number of individual Proportion of individual Vegetation community Number of point locations plants plants (%)

AcAcCc 3 8 0.10

AcSaAc 126 536 7.03

AmEcPo 11 57 0.75

AsEcPo 4 34 0.45

AtEeAc 532 6966 91.36

AxEcPo 4 24 0.31

Total 680 7625 100.00

Figure 3-7: Acacia curryana recorded within the Project Area © Eco Logical Australia 2020

3.2.3.2 Solanum octonum (P2) Solanum octonum was recorded from three-point locations within the Project Area; totalling 17 individuals. No individuals of this species were recorded from within the approved infrastructure corridor tenure.

This species was recorded from vegetation communities AaPoDs: Acacia acradenia, Acacia citrinoviridis, Acacia cuthbertsonii subsp. cuthbertsonii tall open shrubland (2-point locations; 15 individuals) and AcSaCc: Acacia cuthbertsonii subsp. cuthbertsonii, Acacia xiphophylla, Acacia fuscaneura tall open shrubland (one-point location, two individuals). Solanum octonum was found to be flowering at the time of the field survey in April 2020 (Figure 3-8).

Within the broader Yangibana Operations Area (outside of the current Project Area within an approximate 10 km radius), S. octonum is known from ten-point locations, totalling 45 individuals (DBCA 2020a; Ecoscape 2015; 2019; ELA 2020b in prep.). As a result, the total number of A. curryana individuals within the Project Area account for 37.8% of the total number of known individuals within the broader Yangibana Operations Area (Figure 3-11).

Figure 3-8: Solanum octonum recorded within the Project Area © Eco Logical Australia 2020 3.2.3.3 Gymnanthera cunninghamii (P3) Gymnanthera cunninghamii was recorded from one-point location totalling three individuals within the approved infrastructure corridor tenure. This species was recorded from vegetation community AcSsCc: Acacia citrinoviridis, Acacia cuthbertsonii subsp. cuthbertsonii, Acacia tetragonophylla tall sparse shrubland, and was sterile at the time of the field survey (Figure 3-9).

Within the broader Yangibana Operations Area (outside of the current Project Area within an approximate 10 km radius), G. cunninghamii is known from three-point locations, totalling 36 individuals (DBCA 2020a; Ecoscape 2015; 2019; ELA 2020b in prep.). As a result, the total number of G. cunninghamii individuals within the approved infrastructure corridor tenure account for 8.3% of the total number of known individuals within the broader Yangibana Operations Area (Figure 3-11).

Figure 3-9: Gymnanthera cunninghamii recorded within the Project Area © Eco Logical Australia 2020 3.2.3.4 Sporobolus blakei (P3) Sporobolus blakei was recorded from 58-point locations within the Project Area; totalling 978 individuals. Of these, 43-point locations, totalling 695 individuals, were recorded from within the approved infrastructure corridor tenure (71.1% of all individuals).

Majority of records of S. blakei occur within vegetation community AcAcCc: Acacia cyperophylla var. cyperophylla, Acacia citrinoviridis, Acacia macraneura mid open woodland (39-point locations totalling 605 individuals; 61.9% of individuals). The remainder of records were found within vegetation communities EvAfCc and AmEcPo. This species was flowering at the time of the field survey in April 2020 (Figure 3-10).

Within the broader Yangibana Operations Area (outside of the current Project Area within an approximate 10 km radius), S. blakei is known from 381-point locations, totalling 18.759 individuals (Ecoscape 2015; 2019; ELA 2020b in prep.). As a result, the total number of S. blakei individuals within the Project Area and approved infrastructure corridor tenure account for 5.2% and 3.7%, respectively, of the total number of known individuals within the broader Yangibana Operations Area (Figure 3-11).

Figure 3-10: Sporobolus blakei recorded within the Project Area © Eco Logical Australia 2020

Following the field survey, the likelihood of occurrence of flora species identified from the desktop assessment as possibly occurring within the Project Area was updated. Of the 25 species identified, four species were recorded from within the Project Area: Acacia curryana (P1), Solanum octonum (P2), Gymnanthera cunninghamii (P3) and Sporobolus blakei (P3), as described above. Of the remaining 21 species, three are considered as having the potential to occur, Isotropis forrestii (P1), Wurmbea fluviatilis (P2) and Goodenia nuda (P4), largely due to these species’ habitat requirements, particularly creekline environments, cryptic nature and location of existing records in proximity to the Project Area. As such, these species potential presence within the Project Area cannot be discounted. The remaining 18 species are considered as unlikely to occur based on absence of suitable habitat within the Project Area and adequate survey effort. The flora likelihood of occurrence assessment is presented in Appendix C.

3.2.4 Range extensions A total of eleven flora species, comprising ten native and one introduced species, were recorded occurring within the infrastructure corridor tenure as range extensions (Table 3-9). Given the geographical extent, size and location of known populations, these range extensions are all considered to be minor.

Table 3-9: Flora species occurring as range extensions within the Project Area

Species Nearest known location (DBCA and WAH 2020; DBCA 2007-2020)

*Sisymbrium irio 210 km to the south east of the Project Area

250 km south and 113 km northwest of the Project Area, majority of Acacia craspedocarpa (hybrid) records occurring between Geraldton and Kalgoorlie, WA

Acacia mulganeura 260km east-northeast of the Project Area

Calandrinia monosperma 150 km south and 100 km east of the Project Area

150 km south of the Project Area. Records of this species are scattered and Enneapogon cylindricus few.

Hakea recurva subsp. arida 170 km south of the Project Area

Hibiscus sturtii var. forrestii 100 km south of the Project Area

Lobelia simulans 100 km south of the Project Area

150 km south of the Project Area. Remainder of records occur >200 km to Senna symonii the north of the Project Area.

Sida spinosa 190 km northeast of the Project Area

Tetragonia cristata 100 km south of the Project Area

3.2.5 Introduced flora A total of 15 introduced (weed) flora species were recorded as occurring within the Project Area. Of these, none are listed as WoNS or Declared Pests under the BAM Act. All weed species recorded are listed on the Western Australian Organism List (WAOL) Database as S-11 (permitted) species. Introduced species were recorded from seventeen of the eighteen vegetation communities recorded within the Project Area. *Cenchrus ciliaris was the most commonly occurring weed within the Project Area, occurring within 50 of the 100 established quadrats. The highest number of introduced species was recorded from quadrat ELA54, with ten species recorded. An overview of introduced weeds is presented in Table 3-10.

Table 3-10: Introduced flora of the Project Area

Vegetation Species Quadrat WAOL Ranking* communities

*Argemone AcAcCc, EvAfCc, EcCcCv ELA07, ELA19, ELA28, ELA38, ELA54, ELA61, ELA82 Permitted – s11 ochroleuca

ELA02, ELA07, ELA15, ELA19, ELA28, ELA31, ELA33, *Asphodelus EvAfCc, AcAcCc, ELA37, ELA38, ELA41, ELA43, ELA46, ELA48, ELA54, Permitted – s11 fistulosus AaTzDs, EvAsSa, EcCcCv ELA55, ELA61, ELA82, ELA86, ELA87

EvAfCc, AaTzDs, EvAsSa, ELA02, ELA31, ELA33, ELA37, ELA38, ELA39, ELA41, *Bidens bipinnata Permitted – s11 EcCcCv, AcAcCc, AcSsCc ELA46, ELA48, ELA53, ELA54, ELA55, ELA59, ELA61

EvAfCc, AcAcCc, ELA02, ELA07, ELA18, ELA19, ELA22, ELA28, ELA33, *Cenchrus ciliaris AxEcPo, AaTzDs, ELA37, ELA38, ELA39, ELA41, ELA43, ELA46, ELA48, Permitted – s11 EvAsSa, EcCcCv, ELA53, ELA54, ELA55, ELA56, ELA59, ELA60, ELA61,

Vegetation Species Quadrat WAOL Ranking* communities AmAsEc, AcSsCc, ELA63, ELA65, ELA66, ELA67, ELA68, ELA70, ELA71, EfAmAc, AsEcPo, ELA72, ELA73, ELA74, ELA79, ELA81, ELA82, ELA83, AsSaAc, AsEcAc, ELA84, ELA85, ELA86, ELA87, ELA89, ELA90, ELA91, AcSaCc, ApDpCc, AxSaEt ELA92, ELA93, ELA94, ELA96, ELA97, ELA98, ELA99, ELA100

EvAfCc, EvAsSa, AcAcCc, *Cenchrus setiger ELA02, ELA37, ELA48, ELA54, ELA55, ELA86, ELA87 Permitted – s11 EcCcCv

AcAcCc, EvAfCc, ELA07, ELA15, ELA19, ELA33, ELA41, ELA43, ELA48, *Datura leichhardtii Permitted – s11 AaTzDs, EcCcCv ELA82, ELA87

*Flaveria trinervia (previously AcAcCc, EcCcCv ELA07, ELA15, ELA41, ELA46, ELA54 Permitted – s11 *Flaveria australasica)

*Lysimachia EvAfCc, EcCcCv, EvAsSa, ELA28, ELA38, ELA39, ELA43, ELA54, ELA55, ELA87 Permitted – s11 arvensis AcAcCc

ELA02, ELA19, ELA25, ELA28, ELA29, ELA31, ELA33, *Malvastrum EvAfCc, AcAcCc, AcSaCc, ELA38, ELA39, ELA48, ELA54, ELA55, ELA61, ELA86, Permitted – s11 americanum AaTzDs, EcCcCv, EvAsSa ELA87

*Rumex vesicarius (previously AtEeAc, AcAcCc ELA13, ELA43, ELA46 Permitted – s11 *Acetosa vesicaria)

EvAfCc, AcAcCc, AcSaCc, ELA02, ELA25, ELA28, ELA29, ELA31, ELA33, ELA37, *Setaria verticillata Permitted – s11 AaTzDs, EvAsSa ELA43, ELA46

*Sisymbrium irio AcAcCc, EcCcCv ELA15, ELA38 Permitted – s11

*Sisymbrium EvAfCc, EcCcCv ELA28, ELA38, ELA54, ELA61 Permitted – s11 orientale

*Sonchus oleraceus EvAfCc, EcCcCv ELA28, ELA54, ELA82, ELA87 Permitted – s11

*Vachellia EvAfCc ELA28 Permitted – s11 farnesiana *Western Australian Organism List (DAFWA 2020)

3.2.6 Vegetation communities SIMPROF separated the 100 quadrats into eighteen statistically dissimilar groupings (Global R = 4.39; Significance level of sample statistic, p = 0.001; Appendix H). Based on this result, eighteen vegetation communities were delineated and mapped within the Project Area. Vegetation communities are described in full in Table 3-11 and presented in Figure 3-12.

The most widespread vegetation community was AxEcPo: Acacia xiphophylla, Acacia synchronicia, Acacia tetragonophylla tall sparse shrubland, which occurs across 17.6% (4,162.6 ha) of the Project Area. No vegetation communities delineated within the current Project Area were inferred to represent any known or potential conservation significant communities listed under the EPBC Act, the BC Act or by DBCA.

Table 3-11: Vegetation communities recorded within the Project Area

Total ha Total ha within % of total % of Approved % of total within Approved Approved Infrastructure Image Vegetation description Quadrats Project Project Infrastructure Infrastructure Tenure within Area Area Tenure Tenure Project Area

AaPoDs: Acacia acradenia, Acacia citrinoviridis, Acacia cuthbertsonii subsp. cuthbertsonii tall open shrubland over Ptilotus obovatus, Trichodesma zeylanicum, ELA22, ELA31, 311.3 1.3 49.6 1.4 15.9 Abutilon fraseri mid sparse shrubland over ELA33 Dichanthium sericeum, *Cenchrus ciliaris low sparse grassland and *Bidens bipinnata low isolated shrubs.

AaSaPo: Acacia aptaneura, Acacia acradenia, Acacia cuthbertsonii subsp. cuthbertsonii tall sparse shrubland over Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii, Senna ELA42, ELA50, artemisioides subsp. oligophylla, Acacia ELA51, ELA52, 1,721.2 7.3 193.7 5.6 11.3 synchronicia mid sparse shrubland over ELA56 Ptilotus obovatus, Solanum lasiophyllum low sparse shrubland and Salsola australis low isolated chenopod shrubs.

AcAcCc: Acacia cyperophylla var. cyperophylla, Acacia citrinoviridis, Acacia macraneura mid open woodland over Acacia cuthbertsonii subsp. cuthbertsonii, Acacia ELA07, ELA15, sclerosperma subsp. sclerosperma, ELA41, ELA43, 1,448.7 6.1 96.5 2.8 6.7 Eremophila fraseri subsp. fraseri tall open ELA46, ELA48 shrubland over *Cenchrus ciliaris, Eragrostis tenellula, Aristida contorta low open grassland.

AcSaAc: Acacia cuthbertsonii subsp. cuthbertsonii, Acacia tetragonophylla, Acacia acradenia tall sparse shrubland over Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii, ELA03, ELA04, Eremophila phyllopoda, Senna glutinosa 1,119.4 4.7 107.0 3.1 9.6 ELA76, ELA77 subsp. x luerssenii mid sparse shrubland over Aristida contorta low isolated grasses and Ptilotus obovatus, Solanum lasiophyllum low isolated shrubs.

AcSaCc: Acacia cuthbertsonii subsp. cuthbertsonii, Acacia xiphophylla, Acacia fuscaneura tall open shrubland over Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii, Acacia ELA25, ELA29, synchronicia, Acacia sclerosperma subsp. ELA83, ELA89, 1,111.1 4.7 173.0 5.0 15.6 sclerosperma mid sparse shrubland over ELA92 *Cenchrus ciliaris, Aristida contorta low sparse grassland and Salsola australis low isolated chenopod shrubs.

AcSsCc: Acacia citrinoviridis, Acacia cuthbertsonii subsp. cuthbertsonii, Acacia tetragonophylla tall sparse shrubland over ELA59, ELA63, Scaevola spinescens, Senna artemisioides ELA66, ELA71, subsp. oligophylla, Acacia sclerosperma ELA72, ELA74, 1,146.8 4.8 245.3 7.1 21.4 subsp. sclerosperma mid sparse shrubland ELA94, ELA96, over *Cenchrus ciliaris, Dactyloctenium ELA100 radulans, Eragrostis cumingii low open grassland.

AmEcPo: Acacia macraneura, Acacia synchronicia, Acacia tetragonophylla tall sparse shrubland over Eremophila cuneifolia, ELA06, ELA10, Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii, Acacia ELA35, ELA45, 737.0 3.1 88.7 2.6 12.0 curryana (P1) mid sparse shrubland over ELA47 Ptilotus obovatus, Solanum lasiophyllum low sparse shrubland and Aristida contorta low sparse grassland.

ApDpCc: Acacia pruinocarpa, Acacia citrinoviridis, Acacia tetragonophylla tall open shrubland over Dodonaea pachyneura, Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii, Senna glutinosa subsp. x luerssenii mid sparse ELA90 75.8 0.3 3.0 0.1 3.9 shrubland over *Cenchrus ciliaris, Cymbopogon ambiguus low open grassland and Solanum lasiophyllum low sparse shrubland.

AsEcAc: Acacia synchronicia, Acacia tetragonophylla tall isolated shrubs over Eremophila cuneifolia, Senna sp. Meekatharra (E. Bailey 1-26), Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii mid isolated ELA73 450.6 1.9 71.3 2.1 15.8 shrubs over Atriplex codonocarpa, Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa, Sclerolaena densiflora low isolated chenopod shrubs.

AsEcPo: Acacia synchronicia, Acacia xiphophylla, Acacia tetragonophylla tall ELA01, ELA23, sparse shrubland over Eremophila cuneifolia, ELA26, ELA34, Senna artemisioides subsp. oligophylla, ELA40, ELA62, Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii mid 3,717.0 15.7 491.0 14.1 13.2 ELA64, ELA65, sparse shrubland over Ptilotus obovatus, ELA78, ELA84, Solanum lasiophyllum low sparse shrubland ELA93 and Maireana triptera low isolated chenopod shrubs.

AsSaAc: Acacia synchronicia, Acacia mulganeura, Acacia tetragonophylla tall sparse shrubland over Senna artemisioides ELA67, ELA68, subsp. helmsii, Eremophila cuneifolia, ELA69, ELA70, 1,849.9 7.8 736.1 21.2 39.8 Scaevola spinescens mid sparse shrubland ELA75, ELA79, over Solanum lasiophyllum, Ptilotus ELA80 obovatus low isolated shrubs and Aristida contorta low isolated grasses.

AtEeAc: Acacia tetragonophylla, Acacia curryana (P1), Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii tall sparse shrubland over Eremophila ELA05, ELA11, exilifolia, Solanum lasiophyllum, Corchorus ELA12, ELA13, 2,678.2 11.3 206.7 5.9 7.7 crozophorifolius mid sparse shrubland over ELA16, ELA17, Aristida contorta, Tripogonella loliiformis low ELA49 isolated grasses and Indigofera chamaeclada low isolated shrubs.

AxEcPo: Acacia xiphophylla, Acacia synchronicia, Acacia tetragonophylla tall ELA08, ELA09, sparse shrubland over Eremophila cuneifolia, ELA18, ELA20, Senna symonii, Senna artemisioides subsp. ELA21, ELA24, oligophylla mid sparse shrubland over ELA27, ELA30, 4,162.6 17.6 464.8 13.4 11.2 Ptilotus obovatus low sparse shrubland and ELA32, ELA36, Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa, ELA44, ELA58, Eremophea spinosa low isolated chenopod ELA85, ELA88 shrubs.

AxSaEt: Acacia xiphophylla, Acacia synchronicia, Acacia tetragonophylla tall sparse shrubland over Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii, Eremophila cuneifolia, ELA81, ELA95, Stylobasium spathulatum mid sparse ELA97, ELA98, 414.6 1.8 228.5 6.6 55.1 shrubland over Enchylaena tomentosa var. ELA99 tomentosa low isolated chenopod shrubs and *Cenchrus ciliaris, Aristida contorta low sparse grassland.

EcCcCv: Eucalyptus camaldulensis subsp. refulgens, Eucalyptus victrix mid woodland over Acacia citrinoviridis, Acacia coriacea subsp. pendens low woodland over ELA38, ELA54, Crotalaria cunninghamii, Sesbania ELA55, ELA61, 781.5 3.3 75.5 2.2 9.7 cannabina, Acacia pyrifolia mid sparse ELA82, ELA91 shrubland over Cyperus vaginatus low sparse sedgeland and *Cenchrus ciliaris, Paspalidium basicladum low sparse grassland.

EfAmAc: Eremophila fraseri subsp. fraseri, Acacia mulganeura, Acacia tetragonophylla tall sparse shrubland over Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii, Scaevola ELA14, ELA57, spinescens, Stylobasium spathulatum mid 806.6 3.4 91.1 2.6 11.3 ELA60 sparse shrubland over Salsola australis, Maireana triptera low isolated chenopod shrubs and Aristida contorta low sparse grassland.

EvAfCc: Eucalyptus victrix, Acacia citrinoviridis, Acacia coriacea subsp. pendens low open woodland over Abutilon fraseri, ELA02, ELA19, Rhagodia eremaea, Ptilotus obovatus mid ELA28, ELA86, 327.5 1.4 41.9 1.2 12.8 sparse shrubland over *Cenchrus ciliaris low ELA87 open grassland, Dysphania melanocarpa low sparse chenopod shrubland and Phyllanthus erwinii low sparse forbland.

EvAsSa: Eucalyptus victrix, Acacia citrinoviridis, Grevillea striata low isolated trees over Acacia sclerosperma subsp. sclerosperma, Acacia sp. Mulga Paraburdoo ELA37, ELA39, (B.R. Maslin et al. BRM9201), Acacia 825.1 3.5 113.5 3.3 13.8 ELA53 synchronicia tall sparse shrubland over Salsola australis low isolated chenopods shrubs and Solanum lasiophyllum, Ptilotus obovatus low isolated shrubs.

Total 23,684.9 100.0 3,477.1 100.0

3.2.7 Vegetation condition Vegetation condition within the Project Area ranged from Excellent to Degraded (Table 3-12). Ratings were based on the vegetation condition scale adapted from Keighery (1994) and Trudgen (1988) provided in the EPA Technical Guidance: Flora and Vegetation Surveys for Environmental Impact Assessment (EPA 2016a).

Vegetation was observed to mostly be in Excellent condition (15,803.5 ha; 66.72% of the Project Area). Areas of Very Good condition accounted for 26.78% of the Project Area (6,342.1 ha), while areas of Good condition accounted for 6.5% of the Project Area (15,38.6 ha). The proposed laydown area to the north of the Project Area was observed as having areas of Degraded condition (0.7 ha; 0.002% of the Project Area).

Disturbances within the Project Area included weeds, cattle and camel grazing, tracks and scats. Weeds were particularly prevalent in areas of high cattle movement and creekline/river zones. It is noted that proposed camp area to the west has an abandoned station house and associated infrastructure located within it (sheds).

Table 3-12: Vegetation condition recorded within the Project Area

Total ha % of % of total within Approved Total ha within % of total Project Approved Condition Approved Infrastructure Project Area Area Infrastructure Infrastructure Tenure within Tenure Tenure Project Area

Excellent 15,803.6 66.7 2,339.6 67.3 14.8

Very Good 6,342 26.8 923.9 26.6 14.6

Good 1,538.7 6.5 213.6 6.1 13.9

Poor 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Degraded 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Completely Degraded 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Total 23684.9 100.0 3477.1 100.0

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

3.3 Fauna survey

3.3.1 Fauna habitat A total of four broad fauna habitats were described within the Project Area (Table 3-13). Of these, Fauna Habitat 1: Rocky undulating plains with occasional sandy patches, was the most common, occurring across 72.6% of the Project Area (17,202.5 ha). This habitat type is intersected regularly by Fauna habitat 2: Minor creekline, floodouts, open depressions and drainage, which account for 18.9% (4468.5 ha) of the Project Area and less regularly by Fauna habitat 3: major creeklines, which account for 8.2% (1934.1 ha) of the Project Area. Fauna Habitat 4: Granite outcrop, was the most restricted habitat type, occurring across 0.3% of the Project Area (80.1 ha) in the east, with one small patch in the centre of the Project Area. A total of 3.9% of this fauna habitat occurs within the approved infrastructure corridor tenure (3 hectares). Fauna habitats are presented in Figure 3-14 below.

3.3.2 Fauna overview A total of 87 vertebrate fauna species were recorded from the Project Area. This number comprised 73 birds, seven mammals and seven reptiles. Bird species were predominantly observed within mulga (Acacia spp.) woodland in Fauna habitat 2 and 3, where a definitive canopy was present and vegetation cover was thickest. Reptile species were observed within Fauna habitat 4: Granite outcrop or, in the case of the larger Varanus sp., in creekline areas (Fauna habitats 2 and 3).

A total of four introduced (feral) fauna species were recorded within the Project Area, namely Cattle (*Bos taurus), Donkey (*Equus asinus), Horse (*Equus ferus caballus) and Feral Cat (*Felis catus). These species were directly observed within the Project Area. A fauna species list is provided in Appendix I.

3.3.2.1 Conservation significant fauna No direct (observations) or indirect (scats, tracks, diggings) evidence of conservation significant fauna species were recorded within the Project Area. Following the field survey, the likelihood of occurrence of fauna species identified from the desktop assessment as possibly occurring within the Project Area was updated. Of the 29 fauna species identified, six species were considered as having the potential to occur within the Project Area, based on species’ habitat preferences and proximity of records to the Project Area. These species are discussed further below in Section 4.2. The remaining 23 fauna species are considered as unlikely to occur. The fauna likelihood of occurrence assessment is presented in Appendix D.

Table 3-13: Fauna habitat recorded within the Project Area

% of Extent Total ha Proportion % of total Approved within within of the Approved Infrastructure Photo Fauna habitat Description the Approved Project Infrastructure Tenure Project Infrastructure Area Tenure within Area (ha) Tenure Project Area

This habitat is characterised by gravelly/stony undulating hills of red-brown sandy clay loam with Fauna habitat ironstone, granite, calcrete and 1: Rocky quartz and occasional ironstone. undulating Vegetation is characterised by 17202.2 72.6 2607.6 74.99 15.2 plain with sparse Acacia spp. tall shrubland occasional over Senna spp., Ptilotus spp., sandy patches Solanum spp. mid-low sparse shrublands with occasional low chenopod shrublands and isolated grasses.

This habitat is dominated by Fauna habitat Acacia spp. tall open shrubland 2: Minor over Acacia spp. and mixed mid- creekline, low sparse shrubland over low 4468.5 18.9 635.6 18.28 14.2 floodouts, open open grassland. The substrate is depressions, dominated by coarse sandy loam drainage with occasional granite, ironstone and quartz pebbles.

This habitat type consists of fringing Eucalyptus camaldulensis or E. victrix trees over Acacia spp. low open woodland to tall sparse shrubland over mixed lower Fauna habitat shrubland and low sparse 3: Major grassland and chenopod 1934.1 8.2 230.9 6.64 11.9 creekline shrubland. The river substrate consists of sand with occasional river stone, while riverbanks consist of compact red-brown clayey soil. After heavy rainfall

events semi-permanent pools of water may be present.

This habitat is characterised by large granite outcropping over red brown clay loam and Fauna habitat occasional quartz. Vegetation is 4: Granite dominated by patches of Acacia 80.1 0.3 3.0 0.09 3.7 outcrop spp. tall open shrubland over Dodonaea pachyneura and Senna spp. sparse shrubland over low open grassland.

Total 23684.9 100.0 3477.1 100.0

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

4. Discussion/summary

4.1 Flora and vegetation A total of 260 taxa (244 native and 16 introduced) from 132 genera and 44 families were recorded from the Project Area. Average species richness per quadrat was 20.3 species, ranging from a low of 6 species at ELA74 to a high of 57 species at ELA89. A species accumulation curve determined that approximately 90.4% of the flora species potentially present within the Project Area were recorded, reflecting the homogeneous nature of vegetation within the Project Area, with broad repeating vegetation types. This number results in sufficient data to define and assess the presence, extent and significance of flora and vegetation communities within the Project Area.

No Threatened flora species listed under the EPBC Act or the BC Act were recorded from within the Project Area or were considered to have the potential to occur within the Project Area. Four flora species listed as Priority by DBCA were recorded, namely Acacia curryana (P1), Solanum octonum (P2), Gymnanthera cunninghamii (P3) and Sporobolus blakei (P3).

4.1.1.1 Acacia curryana (P1) Acacia curryana is listed as P1 by DBCA. Priority 1 species are poorly known species that are known from one or a few locations (generally five or less) which are potentially at risk (Appendix A). Acacia curryana is an obconic or rounded, multi-stemmed, spreading shrub 1.5-2.5 m tall, with elliptic to obovate leaves 20-30 mm long of the Fabaceae family (Maslin 2014). It occurs on low granite hills in skeletal, brown, clayey loam where it favours water-gaining sites such as diffuse drainage channels (Maslin 2014). This species occurs in the western extremity of the Gascoyne bioregion, where it is known from only a few populations on Minnie Creek and Williamsbury stations (Maslin 2004; DBCA 2007-2020). This species was previously recorded by Ecoscape (2015, 2019), with a total of 11,226 individuals recorded in total over both the 2015 and 2019 Ecoscape surveys, typically occurring as a dominant species of the AcAc vegetation community: Acacia curryana, Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii and Eremophila exilifolia mid sparse shrubland over Aristida contorta and Eriachne pulchella subsp. dominii low grassland (Ecoscape 2015).

A total of 7,625 individuals of Acacia curryana were recorded from 6800-point locations within the Project Area, of which 64.8% occur within the proposed infrastructure corridor tenure (360-point locations; 4,941 individuals). Majority of individuals of A. curryana occur within vegetation community AtEeAc (532-point locations totalling 6,966 individuals; 91.4% of individuals) where it forms a dominant component. The remainder of records of this species were found within vegetation communities AcAcCc, AcSaAc, AmEcPo, AsEcPo and AxEcPo.

Within the broader Yangibana Operations Area, A. curryana is known from 1,284-point locations, totalling 13,132 individuals (DBCA 2020a; Ecoscape 2015; 2019; ELA 2020b in prep.). As a result, the total number of A. curryana individuals within the Project Area and approved infrastructure corridor tenure account for 36.7% and 23.8%, respectively, of the total number of known individuals within the broader Yangibana Operations Area. This species is not considered to be locally restricted to the Project Area.

4.1.1.2 Solanum octonum (P2) Solanum octonum is listed as P2 by DBCA. Priority 2 species are poorly known species that are known from one or a few locations (generally five or less), some of which are on lands managed primarily for nature conservation, e.g. national parks, conservation parks, nature reserves and other lands with secure tenure being managed for conservation (Appendix A). Solanum octonum is a perennial herb of the Solanaceae family with purple papery flowers and spines along the stems and leaf veins. It occurs in silty clays or loams associated with hydrological features in the landscape, such as riverbanks and claypans (DBCA and WAH 2020). This species is currently known from 7 records over a range of approximately 215 km from Paraburdoo in the east to approximately 20 km north of the Project Area in the south to 50 km north of Barlee Range Nature Reserve in the north. This species has been previously found occurring in Mulga and Acacia citrinoviridis shrublands on alluvial sands, sands or skeletal soils of riparian systems, gorges or steep hills (DBCA and WAH 2020). S. octonum was recorded by Ecoscape (2015) from seven isolated occurrences within their survey area, totalling 14 plants, and typically occurring within riparian vegetation and flood-out zones (Ecoscape 2015). This species was also recorded by ELA in 2020, with a population of ten individuals recorded from riparian vegetation approximately 14 km south of the Project Area (ELA 2020).

A total of 17 individuals of Solanum octonum were recorded from three-point locations within the Project Area, with no records occurring within the proposed infrastructure corridor tenure. This species occurred within vegetation communities AaPoDs and AcSaCc and was found flowering at the time of the field survey in April 2020. Within the broader Yangibana Operations Area, S. octonum is known from ten-point locations, totalling 45 individuals (DBCA 2020a; Ecoscape 2015; 2019; ELA 2020b in prep.). As a result, the total number of A. curryana individuals within the Project Area account for 37.8% of the total number of known individuals within the broader Yangibana Operations Area. This species is not considered to be locally restricted to the Project Area.

4.1.1.3 Gymnanthera cunninghamii (P3) Gymnanthera cunninghamii is listed as Priority 3 by DBCA. Priority 3 species are species that are known from several or few but widespread locations with either large population size or significant remaining areas of apparently suitable habitat, and the species and habitat does not appear to be under imminent threat (Appendix A). Gymnanthera cunninghamii is an erect shrub, 1-2 m high, known to occur within sandy soils (DBCA and WAH 2020). It is known from 74 records within Western Australia over a range of approximately 880 km from Carnarvon to Port Hedland (DBCA 2007-2020). This species was recorded by Ecoscape in 2015, with a single population of five individuals found on the banks of a Lyons River tributary, approximately 500 m south of the current Project Area (Ecoscape 2015).

A total of three individuals of Gymnanthera cunninghamii were recorded from within the approved infrastructure corridor tenure at one point-location. This species was recorded from vegetation community AcSsCc and was found to be sterile at the time of the field survey. Within the broader Yangibana Operations Area, G. cunninghamii is known from three-point locations, totalling 36 individuals (DBCA 2020a; Ecoscape 2015; 2019; ELA 2020b in prep.). As a result, the total number of G. cunninghamii individuals within the approved infrastructure corridor tenure account for 8.3% of the total number of known individuals within the broader Yangibana Operations Area (Figure 3-11). This species has a wide known range (DBCA 2007-2020) and is not considered to be locally restricted to the Project Area.

4.1.1.4 Sporobolus blakei (P3) Sporobolus blakei is listed as Priority 3 by DBCA. It is a perennial, tufted grass with erect culms, 40- 80 centimetres (cm) tall, with a loose, branching cluster of flowers (panicle) 15-32 cm long (AusGrass 2020). It flowers all year in response to rain, occurring in or near places of accumulated moisture, creek beds, moisture depressions and watercourses (AusGrass 2020). This species is widely distributed, known from 11 records within Western Australia, from Perth in the south to Derby in the north (DBCA 2007-2020), also occurring in arid regions of the Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland and New South Wales (AusGrass 2020). S. blakei was recorded by Ecoscape, typically within minor to mid- order drainage lines (Ecoscape 2015), approximately 20-30 km north of the Project Area, with a total of 697 individuals recorded during their 2015 and 2019 surveys (Ecoscape 2019).

A total of 978 individuals of Sporobolus blakei were recorded from 58-point locations within the Project Area, of which 71.1% occur within the proposed infrastructure corridor tenure (43-point locations; 695 individuals). Majority of individuals of S. blakei occur within vegetation community AcAcCc (39-point locations totalling 605 individuals; 61.9% of individuals), with the remainder of records recorded within vegetation communities EvAfCc and AmEcPo.

Within the broader Yangibana Operations Area, S. blakei is known from 381-point locations, totalling 18.759 individuals (Ecoscape 2015; 2019; ELA 2020b in prep.). As a result, the total number of S. blakei individuals within the Project Area and approved infrastructure corridor tenure account for 5.2% and 3.7%, respectively, of the total number of known individuals within the broader Yangibana Operations Area. This species is not considered to be locally restricted to the Project Area.

4.1.1.5 Range extensions A total of eleven species were considered to be range extensions from their current known populations, comprising ten native species and one introduced (weed) species. Majority of these records represent linear geographical extensions from large known populations that occur between 100 to 250 kilometres from the Project Area. Outside of this general trend, known records of Enneapogon cylindricus and Senna symonii cover a wide geographical area; with records from the Project Area serving to fill a range gap. Given the geographical extent, size and location of known populations, these range extensions are all considered to be minor.

4.1.2 Vegetation No vegetation communities delineated within the current Project Area were inferred to represent any known or potential conservation significant communities listed under the EPBC Act, the BC Act or by DBCA.

Vegetation communities delineated and mapped within the Project Area are not considered to be locally restricted. Ecoscape (2019) and ELA (2018) recorded similar species assemblages, soils and landforms within their survey areas. These comprised a mix of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and E. victrix creeklines, Acacia (mulga) spp. on minor creeklines and Acacia spp. low open woodland to mid sparse shrubland over Senna spp., Eremophila spp. and Ptilotus spp. shrublands over Eragrostis spp. and Eriachne spp. sparse tussock grassland and chenopod shrublands on undulating rocky plains.

All pre-European vegetation communities are mapped across the Project Area have greater than 99.9% of their population remaining in Western Australia (Government of Western Australia 2018). Within the

Project Area, Gascoyne Ranges 264 has the greatest proportion of the total extent mapped within the Project Area; 9.38%, followed by Gascoyne Ranges 222, which has 6.45% of its total extent mapped within the Project Area. The remainder of vegetation associations within the Project Area have less than 3% of their total extent mapped occurring within the Project Area.

The Project Area falls within 13 Rangeland Land Systems as described by Hennig et al. (1994). Within the Project Area, the Gneudna Land System has the greatest proportion of the total extent mapped within the Project Area; 6.38%, followed by the Nadarra Land System, which has 4.91% of its total extent mapped within the Project Area. The remainder of Land Systems within the Project Area have less than 3% of their total extent mapped occurring within the Project Area.

Majority of vegetation within the Project Area was observed to be in Excellent condition (15,803.5 ha; 66.72% of the Project Area). Areas of Very Good condition accounted for 26.78% of the Project Area (6,342.1 ha), while areas of Good condition accounted for 6.5% of the Project Area (15,38.6 ha). Disturbances within the Project Area included weeds, cattle and camel grazing, tracks and scats. Weeds were particularly prevalent in areas of high cattle or water movement. It was noted that proposed camp area to the west has an abandoned station house and associated infrastructure located within in, reducing the condition rating here to Degraded. In general, areas of riparian vegetation (creeklines, washout zones) were in lesser condition than upland sites due to association with cattle movement and impacts from weeds.

4.2 Fauna A total of four fauna habitats were described and mapped within the Project Area:

• Fauna habitat 1: Rocky undulating plain with occasional sandy patches; • Fauna habitat 2: Minor creekline, floodouts, open depressions and drainage; • Fauna habitat 3: Major creekline; and • Fauna habitat 4: Granite outcrop.

These fauna habitats align to those recorded by Ecoscape (2018; Rocky plain, Minor creekline, Major creekline and Granite outcrop) and ELA (2018; Rocky plain, Granite outcrop and Minor creekline). The most commonly occurring fauna habitat recorded within the Project Area was Fauna habitat 1: Rocky undulating plain with occasional sandy patches, which covered a total of 72.6% (17,202.2 ha) of the Project Area. This habitat type was regularly intersected with Fauna habitat 2: Minor creeklines and Fauna habitat 3: Major creeklines, which occur throughout the Project Area and within the broader landscape. Fauna habitat 4: Granite outcrop was the most restricted within the Project Area, with the majority recorded in a significant patch in the east of the Project Area, and a smaller patch towards the centre of the Project Area (0.3%; 80.1 ha total). A total of 2,973 ha of granite outcrop was recorded by Ecoscape (2015) to the north of the Project Area, suggesting that this habitat type is not locally restricted.

A total of 87 vertebrate fauna species were recorded from the Project Area, comprising 73 birds, seven mammals and seven reptiles. Bird species were predominantly observed within mulga (Acacia spp.) woodland in Fauna habitat 2 and 3, where a definitive canopy was present and vegetation cover was thickest. Reptile species were observed within Fauna habitat 4: Granite outcrop or, in the case of the larger Varanus sp., in creekline areas (Fauna habitats 2 and 3). Four introduced (feral) fauna species

© ECO LOGICAL AUSTRALIA PTY LTD 61 Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited were recorded within the Project Area, namely Cattle (*Bos taurus), Donkey (*Equus asinus), Horse (*Equus ferus caballus) and Feral Cat (*Felis catus).

No direct (observations) or indirect (scats, tracks, diggings) evidence of conservation significant fauna species were recorded within the Project Area. Of the 29 conservation listed fauna species identified as possibly occurring within the Project Area, six are considered as having the Potential to occur, as follows:

The Fork-tailed Swift (Apus pacificus), listed as Migratory under the EPBC Act and BC Act, is a medium to large bird of the Apodidae family. It has a length of 18-21 cm, with a slim body with long scythe- shaped wings that taper to finely pointed tips and a long and deeply forked tail (DAWE 2020c). In Australia, this species has wide and diverse habitat preferences, mostly occurring over inland plains but sometimes above foothills or in coastal areas. They have been recorded over dry or open habitats, including riparian woodland and tea-tree swamps, low scrub, heathland or saltmarsh, also found at treeless grassland and sandplains covered with spinifex, open farmland and inland and coastal sand- dunes (DAWE 2020c). This species is known from 315 records across most of Western Australia from along the south coast, in coastal and subcoastal areas between Augusta and Carnarvon, scattered along the coast from south-west Pilbara to east Kimberley region, also found inland from the north and northwest Gascoyne region to the south and east Kimberley (DAWE 2020c; DBCA 2007-2020). The nearest existing record of this species occurs 2.4 km south of the Project Area (DBCA 2020b) along the Lyons River, which also intersects the Project Area. Due to the vagrant nature of this species, its wide habitat preferences and the close proximity of a recent record to the Project Area, this species cannot be discounted as potentially occurring within the Project Area.

The Common Greenshank (Tringa nebularia), listed as Migratory under the EPBC Act and BC Act, is a heavily built, elegant wader 30-35 cm in length with a wingspan of 55-65 cm. The species bill is long and slightly upturned, and its legs are long and yellow-ish green (DAWE 2020d). The Common Greenshank is found in a wide variety of inland wetlands and sheltered coastal habitats of varying salinity. It uses both permanent and ephemeral wetlands, with edges generally of mud, clay, occasionally of sand or may be bare, with fringing vegetation (DAWE 2020d). This species is known from 5702 records within Western Australia, occurring around most of the coast from Cape Arid in the south to Carnarvon in the north-west (DAWE 2020d; DBCA 2007-2020). The nearest existing record of this species occurs 3.2 km south of the Project Area (DBCA 2020b) along the Lyons River, which also intersects the Project Area. Due to the vagrant nature of this species, its habitat preferences and the close proximity of a recent record to the Project Area, this species cannot be discounted as potentially occurring within the Project Area.

The Grey Falcon (Falco hypoleucos), listed as Vulnerable under the BC Act, is a medium-sized raptor and the rarest of the six Australian members of the genus Falco (DoE 2019). It is a compact, grey falcon with a heavy, thick chest, long wings and dark wing tips. This species frequents timbered lowland plains, particulary Acacia shrublands that are crossed by tree-lined watercourses (DoE 2019). This species occurs at low densities across inland arid and semi-arid Australia and is known from 152 records within Western Australia (DBCA 2007-2020). The nearest existing record of this species occurs 27 km to the east of the Project Area (DBCA 2020b). Due to the vagrant nature of this species, its habitat preferences and the close proximity of a recent record to the Project Area, this species cannot be discounted as potentially occurring within the Project Area.

The Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus), listed as other specially protected species (OS) under the BC Act, is a large, powerfully built raptor with a black hood, blue-black upperparts and a creamy white chin, throat and underparts (Birdlife Australia 2020). It is found in most habitats from rainforests to the arid zone, preferring open habitats, such as grasslands, tundra, and meadows (Birdlife Australia 2020). This species is known from 1530 records within Western Australia, occurring across most of the state, from the South West to Kimberley region in the north (DBCA 2007-2020). The nearest existing record of this species occurs 5.5 km to the north of the Project Area (DBCA 2020b), north of the Lyons River. Due to the vagrant nature of this species, its habitat preferences and the close proximity of a recent record to the Project Area, this species cannot be discounted as potentially occurring within the Project Area.

The Western Pebble-mound Mouse (Pseudomys chapmani), listed as P4 by DBCA, is a native rodent, within the family Muridae. It is restricted to noncoastal, central and eastern parts of the Pilbara, although it was formerly more widespread (International Union for Conservation of Nature [IUCN] 2007). This species is commonly found in areas of rocky, hummock grassland areas with little or no soil in which to burrow but with plentiful supply of pebbles (Dunlop and Pound 1981). At a regional scale, this species is known from 1229 records, and extends over a range of approximately 950 km, extending from Exmouth in the west, east to Karlamilya National Park, north to Port Hedland and to as far south as approximately 200 km southeast of Gascoyne Junction (DBCA 2017-2020). The majority of records for this species occur within the Pilbara region of Western Australia (DBCA 2007-2020). Ecoscape (2015) recorded disused mounds throughout their survey area, though all mounds were considered older than 50 years, indicating no recent or current occupation of this species within their survey area (Ecoscape 2015). ELA (2018) recorded the presence of a possible active Western Pebble-mound Mouse mound on a rocky plain adjacent to a minor creekline, with vegetation dominated by mixed Acacia sparse shrublands over chenopod shrublands and sparse forbland on ironstone/quartz gravel. This record indicates that the species appears to still be present in the local area, likely at very low numbers. Due to the presence of potentially suitable habitat within the Project Area, this species cannot be discounted as potentially occurring.

The Long-tailed Dunnart (Sminthopsis longicaudata), listed as P4 by DBCA, is a small (15-20 grams) carnivorous marsupial with a tail approximately twice the length of its body, grey with a pale underbelly and with white legs and feet (WAM Collections 2020). It is generally found in rocky scree and plateau areas, with little vegetation or of spinifex hummock grassland, shrubs, and open woodland (Burbidge et al. 2008). This species is known from 268 records in Western Australia (DBCA 2007-2020) scattered across a vast majority of the state in rocky areas of central Western Australia (Pilbara, Murchison, north- eastern Goldfields, Ashburton, and Gibson Desert regions; Ecoscape 2015). This species was recorded by Ecoscape (2015), with one individual recorded approximately 10 km north of the Project Area in rocky plain habitat with no obvious rocky outcrops present. Due to the presence of potentially suitable habitat within the Project Area, this species cannot be discounted as potentially occurring.

It is worth noting that an assessment of the likelihood of occurrence of the Northern Quoll (Dasyurus hallucatus), Night Parrot (Pezoporus occidentalis) and Greater Bilby (Macrotis lagotis) within the Project Area was undertaken, with these species considered as unlikely to occur:

The Project Area extends outside of the range of the Northern Quoll, which is known from 8172 records, extending from approximately 120 km north of the Project Area, north to Kununurra and into the Northern Territory (DBCA 2007-2020). Although this species can occupy a wide range of habitats, their

© ECO LOGICAL AUSTRALIA PTY LTD 63 Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited habitat requirements generally encompasses some form of rocky area for denning purposes, usually of high relief, often rugged and dissected but can also include tor fields or caves in low lying areas (Hill and Ward 2010). Habitat within the Project Area for this species is marginal and, given the Project Area is outside of this species’ range, it is considered as being unlikely to occur.

The Night Parrot is known from 21 records in Western Australia (DBCA 2007-2020), with the nearest (historic) record occurring approximately 200 km northeast of the Project Area. The current distribution of this species is unknown, with historic records and observations scanty and anecdotal (Threatened Species Scientific Committee [TSSC] 2016a). Most habitat records of this species are of Triodia (Spinifex) grassland and/or chenopod shrublands, with roosting and nesting sites consistently reported as within clumps of dead vegetation, primarily old and large spinifex clumps (TSSC 2016a). Although the Project Area was identified as falling within the high priority area for night parrot survey, it was determined that no suitable habitat for this species is present within the Project Area, and as such it is considered as being unlikely to occur.

The Greater Bilby is known from 3853 records in Western Australia, extending from Albany and Esperance in the south to Broome and Derby in the north, across to the Western Australian border (DBCA 2007-2020). The range of the Bilby has declined northwards and the decline is continuing, with current populations in Western Australia restricted to the Gibson Desert, Little Sandy Desert, Great Sandy Desert and parts of the Pilbara and Southern Kimberley (TSSC 2016b). The remaining populations of the Greater Bilby occupy three main habitats: open tussock grassland on uplands and hills, Acacia aneura (mulga) woodland/shrubland growing on ridges and rises, and hummock grassland in plains and alluvial areas. The Project Area is on the edge of this species current modelled distribution, with only three historical records occurring within 100 km of the Project Area. Due to this, and with a lack of suitable habitat for this species within the Project Area, this species is considered unlikely to occur.

For the purposes of the current flora, vegetation and fauna survey, adequate data has been collected to define and assess the presence, extent and significance of species and communities within the survey area. At the time of report preparation, no defined clearing footprint had been proposed within the approved tenure boundary, therefore an assessment of potential impacts to defined values was not provided. However, it is recognised that the buffer and approved tenure bounds far exceed what would actually be impacted by clearing associated with development of narrow linear infrastructure e.g. access road, pipeline.

5. References

AusGrass. 2020. Sporobolus blakei [online]. Available from: https://keys.lucidcentral.org/keys/v3/AusGrass/key/AusGrass/Media/Html/SPOROBOL/SPOBLA.HTML

Bastin, G. and the ACRIS Management Committee. 2008. Rangelands 2008 – Taking the Pulse. Published on behalf of the ACRIS Management Committee by the National Land & Water Resources Audit, Canberra [online]. Available from: http://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/a8015c25- 4aa2-4833-ad9c-e98d09e2ab52/files/rangelands08-pulse.pdf

Beard, J. S. 1975. Pilbara. Explanatory notes to Sheet 4, 1:1,000,000 Series Vegetation Survey of Western Australia. University of Western Australia Press, Nedlands.

Beard, J. S. 1990. Plant life of Western Australia. Kangaroo Press Pty Ltd, New South Wales.

Bennelongia Environmental Consultants. 2018. SRE Fauna Identifications for Hastings Rare Metals.

BIOSTAT Pty Ltd. 2019. AGIG Pipeline Desktop Fauna Assessment.

Birdlife Australia. 2020. Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus [online]. Available from http://www.birdlife.org.au/bird-profile/peregrine-falcon

Bureau of Meteorology (BoM). 2020. Climate Data Online. Available: http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/data/

Bush, B., Maryan, B., Browne-Cooper, R. and Robinson, D. 2010. Field Guide to Reptiles and Frogs of the Perth Region. Western Australian Museum.

Burbidge, A., McKenzie, N., & Woinarski, J. 2008. Sminthopsis longicaudata. The UICN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015.2.

Clarke, K.R., and Gorley, R.N. (2006). PRIMER v6: User Manual/Tutorial. PRIMER-E: Plymouth.

Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment (DAWE). 2020a. EPBC Act Protected Matters Search Tool. Available: http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/pmst/index.html. Accessed June 2018.

Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment (DAWE). 2020b. Australia’s bioregions (IBRA). Available from: https://www.environment.gov.au/land/nrs/science/ibra.

Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment (DAWE). 2020c. Apus pacificus – Fork-tailed Swift SPRAT Profile. Species Profile and Threats Database [online]. Available from http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicspecies.pl?taxon_id=678

Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment (DAWE). 2020d. Tringa nebularia – Common Greenshank SPRAT Profile. Species Profile and Threats Database [online]. Available from http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicspecies.pl?taxon_id=832

Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions (DBCA). 2020a. Threatened and Priority Flora database search. Reference number 33-0420FL. Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Perth.

Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions (DBCA). 2020b. Threatened and Priority Fauna database search. Reference number FAUNA#6324. Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Perth.

Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions (DBCA). 2020c. Threatened and Priority Communities database search. Reference number 06-0520EC. Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Perth.

Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions (DBCA). 2020d. Priority Ecological Communities for Western Australia Version 29. Species and Communities Program, DBCA 5 May 2020.

Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions (DBCA). 2007 - 2020. NatureMap. Department of Parks and Wildlife and WA Museum. Accessed June 2018. Available: https://naturemap.dpaw.wa.gov.au/

Department of Conservation, Biodiversity and Attractions and the Western Australian Herbarium (DBCA and WAH). 2020. FloraBase—the Western Australian Flora. Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions. Available from: https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/. Accessed June 2020.

Department of the Environment (DoE). 2019. Consultation Document on Listing Eligibility and Conservation Actions – Falco hypoleucos (Grey Falcon) [online]. Available from https://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/consultations/ad34afee-a901-4c94-8e71- 654e9f15f29c/files/consultation-document-falco-hypoleucos.pdf

Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts (DEHWA). 2010a. Survey guidelines for Australia's threatened bats: Guidelines for detecting bats listed as threatened under the EPBC Act. Commonwealth of Australia.

Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts (DEHWA). 2010b. Survey guidelines for Australia's threatened birds: Guidelines for detecting birds listed as threatened under the EPBC Act. Commonwealth of Australia.

Department of Parks and Wildlife (DPaW). 2017a. Interim guideline for preliminary surveys of the Night Parrot (Pezoporus occidentalis) in Western Australia. Available from: https://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au/images/documents/plants- animals/animals/interim_guideline_for_night_parrot_survey.pdf

Department of Parks and Wildlife (DPaW). 2017b. Guidelines for surveys to detect the presence or absence of Bilbies and assess the importance of habitat within small impact areas in Western Australia. Available from: https://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au/images/documents/plants-animals/threatened- species/guidelines_for_surveys_to_detect_the_presence_of_bilbies.pdf

Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development (DPIRD). 2020. Rangeland Land System Mapping Western Australia. Mapping scale: 1:250,000.

Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPaC). 2011a. Survey guidelines for Australia's threatened mammals: Guidelines for detecting mammals listed as threatened under the EPBC Act. Commonwealth of Australia.

Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPaC). 2011b. Survey guidelines for Australia's threatened reptiles: Guidelines for detecting reptiles listed as threatened under the EPBC Act. Commonwealth of Australia.

Desmond A., Kendrick, P. and Chant, A. 2001. Gascoyne 3 (GAS3 – Augustus subregion). In: A Biodiversity Audit of Western Australia’s 53 Biogeographical Subregions in 2002. Prepared by the Department of Conservation and Land Management [online]. Available from: https://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au/images/documents/about/science/projects/waaudit/gascoyne03_p240 -251.pdf

Dunlop, J. N. and Pound, I. R. 1981. Observations on the Pebble-mound Mouse Pseudomys chapmani Kitchener, 1980. Rec. Western Australian Museum (9) 1.

Eco Logical Australia (ELA). 2020a. Flora and fauna survey of the Proposed Yangibana Airfield and Access Road. Prepared for Hastings Technology Metals Limited.

Eco Logical Australia (ELA). 2020b. Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey (in prep.). Prepared for Hastings Technology Metals Limited.

Eco Logical Australia (ELA). 2018. Yangibana Rare Earths Project Flora and Fauna Survey. Prepared for Hastings Technology Metals Limited.

Ecoscape Australia Pty Ltd (Ecoscape). 2019. Yangibana Flora and Vegetation Addendum Report. Prepared for Hastings Technology Metals Limited.

Ecoscape Australia Pty Ltd (Ecoscape). 2018. Yangibana Project Biological Assessment: Terrestrial Fauna. Prepared for Hastings Technology Metals Limited.

Ecoscape Australia Pty Ltd (Ecoscape). 2015. Yangibana Project Biological Assessment: Flora and Vegetation. Prepared for Hastings Technology Metals Limited.

Environmental Protection Authority (EPA). 2016a. Technical Guidance: Flora and Vegetation Surveys for Environmental Impact Assessment. Perth, Western Australia.

Environmental Protection Authority (EPA). 2016b. Technical Guidance: Terrestrial Fauna Surveys. Perth, Western Australia.

Government of Western Australia. 2018. 2019 Statewide Vegetation Statistics incorporating the CAR Reserve Analysis (Full Report). Current as of December 2017. WA Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.

Hennig, P., Curry, P. J., Blood, D. A. and Leighton, K. A. 1994. An inventory and condition survey of the Murchison River catchment, Western Australia. Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, Perth. Technical Bulletin 84.

Hill, B. M. and Ward, S. J. 2010. National Recovery Plan For the Northern Quoll Dasyurus hallucatus. Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport, Darwin. Available from: http://www.environment.gov.au/resource/national-recovery-plan-northern-quoll-dasyurus- hallucatus. In effect under the EPBC Act from 16-Dec-2010.

International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). 2007. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

Thorne, A. M., Tyler, I. M., Korsch, R. J., Kennett, B. L. N., Cutten, H. N., J. Goodwin, J., Blay, O., Blewett, R. S., Joly, A., Dentith, M. C., Aitken, A, R. A., Holzschuh, J., Salmon, M., Reading, A., Heinson, G., Boren, G., Ross, J., Costelloe, R. D. and Fomin, T. Crustal architecture of the Capricorn Orogen, Western Australia and associated metallogenyi. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences Volume 60, 2013. Issue 6-7.

Keighery, B. J. 1994. Bushland Plant Survey: A Guide to Plant Community Survey for the Community. Wildflower Society of WA (Inc.), Nedlands, Western Australia.

Maslin, B. R. 2014. Four new species of Acacia section Juliflorae (Fabaceae: mimosoideae) from the arid zone in Western Australia. Nuytsia 24: 193-205.

Mattiske Consulting Pty Ltd (Mattiske). 2019. Desktop Flora & Vegetation Assessment, Proposed Yangibana Gas Pipeline.

Menkhorst, P. and Knight, F. 2011. Field Guide to Mammals of Australia. Oxford University Press Australia, Melbourne.

Morcombe, M. 2003. Field Guide to Australian Birds. Steve Parish Publications, Brisbane.

Shepherd, D.P., Beeston, G.R., and Hopkins, A.J.M. 2002. Native Vegetation in Western Australia – Extent, Type and Status. Resource Management Technical Report 249, Department of Agriculture, Western Australia.

Thackway, R. and Cresswell, I. 1995. An Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia: a framework for establishing the national system of reserves. Version 4.0 Canberra, Australian Nature Conservation Agency.

Threatened Species Scientific Committee (TSSC). 2016a. Conservation Advice Pezoporus occidentalis night parrot. Canberra: Department of the Environment. Available from: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species/pubs/59350-conservation- advice-15072016.pdf. In effect under the EPBC Act from 15-Jul-2016.

Threatened Species Scientific Committee (TSSC). 2016b. Conservation Advice Macrotis lagotis greater bilby. Canberra: Department of the Environment. Available from: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species/pubs/282-conservation- advice-15072016.pdf. In effect under the EPBC Act from 15-Jul-2016.

Tille, P. J. 2006. Soil-landscapes of Western Australia’s rangelands and arid interior. Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, Perth. Report 313.

Trudgen, M. E. 1988. A Report on the Flora and Vegetation of the Port Kennedy Area. Unpublished report prepared for Bowman Bishaw and Associates, West Perth.

Waddell, P. A., Thomas, P. W. E. and Findlater, P. A. 2012. A report on the Gascoyne River Catchment following the 2010/11 flood events. Resource management technical report 382, Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, Perth.

Western Australian Museum Collections (WAM Collections). 2020. Long-tailed Dunnart – Sminthopsis longicaudata [online]. Available from: http://museum.wa.gov.au/online- collections/names/sminthopsis-longicaudata. Accessed June 2020.

Wilson, S., and Swan, G. 2010. A Complete Guide to Reptiles of Australia. Third Edition. New Holland Publishers, Sydney, Australia.

Appendix A Framework for conservation significant flora and fauna ranking

CATEGORIES OF THREATENED SPECIES UNDER THE ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION AND BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 (EPBC ACT)

Threatened fauna and flora may be listed in any one of the following categories as defined in Section 179 of the EPBC Act. Species listed as 'conservation dependent' and 'extinct' are not Matters of National Environmental Significance and therefore do not trigger the EPBC Act.

Category Definition

Extinct (EX) There is no reasonable doubt that the last member of the species has died.

Extinct in the Wild (EW) Taxa known to survive only in captivity or as a naturalised population well outside its past range; or taxa has not been recorded in its known and/or expected habitat at appropriate seasons, anywhere in its past range, despite exhaustive surveys over a time frame appropriate to its life cycle and form.

Critically Endangered (CR) Taxa considered to be facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.

Endangered (EN) Taxa considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild.

Vulnerable (VU) Taxa considered to be facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.

Near Threatened (NT) Taxa has been evaluated against the criteria but does not qualify for Critically Endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable now, but is close to qualifying for or is likely to qualify for a threatened category in the near future.

Least Concern (LC) Taxa has been evaluated against the criteria and does not qualify for Critically Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable or Near Threatened. Widespread and abundant taxa are included in this category.

Data Deficient (DD) There is inadequate information to make a direct, or indirect, assessment of taxa’s risk extinction based on its distribution and/or population status.

Not Evaluated (NE) Taxa has not yet been evaluated against the criteria.

Migratory (M) Not an IUCN category. Species are defined as migratory if they are listed in an international agreement approved by the Commonwealth Environment Minister, including: • the Bonn Convention (Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animal) for which Australia is a range state; • the agreement between the Government of Australian and the Government of the People’s Republic of China for the Protection of Migratory Birds and their environment (CAMBA); • the agreement between the Government of Japan and the Government of Australia for the Protection of Migratory Birds and Birds in Danger of Extinction and their Environment (JAMBA); or • the agreement between Australia and the Republic of Korea to develop a bilateral migratory bird agreement similar to the JAMBA and CAMBA in respect to migratory bird conservation and provides a basis for collaboration on the protection of migratory shorebirds and their habitat (ROKAMBA).

CONSERVATION CODES FOR WESTERN AUSTRALIA FLORA AND FAUNA

The Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice 2018 and the Wildlife Conservation (Rare Flora) Notice 2018 have been transitioned under regulations 170, 171 and 172 of the Biodiversity Conservation Regulations 2018 to be the lists of Threatened, Extinct and Specially Protected species under Part 2 of the Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016.

Specially protected fauna or flora are species which have been adequately searched for and are deemed to be, in the wild, threatened, extinct or in need of special protection, and have been gazetted as such.

Threatened species (T) Listed by order of the Minister as Threatened in the category of critically endangered, endangered or vulnerable under section 19(1), or is a rediscovered species to be regarded as threatened species under section 26(2) of the Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 (BC Act).

Threatened fauna is that subset of ‘Specially Protected Fauna’ listed under schedules 1 to 3 of the Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice 2018 for Threatened Fauna.

Threatened flora is that subset of ‘Rare Flora’ listed under schedules 1 to 3 of the Wildlife Conservation (Rare Flora) Notice 2018 for Threatened Flora.

The assessment of the conservation status of these species is based on their national extent and ranked according to their level of threat using IUCN Red List categories and criteria as detailed below.

Category Code Description

Critically Endangered species CR Threatened species considered to be “facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future, as determined in accordance with criteria set out in the ministerial guidelines”. Listed as critically endangered under section 19(1)(a) of the BC Act in accordance with the criteria set out in section 20 and the ministerial guidelines. Published under schedule 1 of the Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice 2018 for critically endangered fauna or the Wildlife Conservation (Rare Flora) Notice 2018 for critically endangered flora.

Endangered species EN Threatened species considered to be “facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future, as determined in accordance with criteria set out in the ministerial guidelines”. Listed as endangered under section 19(1)(b) of the BC Act in accordance with the criteria set out in section 21 and the ministerial guidelines. Published under schedule 2 of the Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice 2018 for endangered fauna or the Wildlife Conservation (Rare Flora) Notice 2018 for endangered flora.

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Category Code Description

Vulnerable species VU Threatened species considered to be “facing a high risk of extinction in the wild in the medium-term future, as determined in accordance with criteria set out in the ministerial guidelines”. Listed as vulnerable under section 19(1)(c) of the BC Act in accordance with the criteria set out in section 22 and the ministerial guidelines. Published under schedule 3 of the Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice 2018 for vulnerable fauna or the Wildlife Conservation (Rare Flora) Notice 2018 for vulnerable flora.

Extinct species

Listed by order of the Minister as extinct under section 23(1) of the BC Act as extinct or extinct in the wild, as follows:

Category Code Description

Extinct species EX Species which have been adequately searched for and there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. Published as Specially Protected under the Wildlife Conservation Act 1950, in Schedule 4 of the Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice for Presumed Extinct Fauna and Wildlife Conservation (Rare Flora) Notice for Presumed Extinct Flora.

Extinct in the wild species EW Species that “is known only to survive in cultivation, in captivity or as a naturalised population well outside its past range; and it has not been recorded in its known habitat or expected habitat, at appropriate seasons, anywhere in its past range, despite surveys over a time frame appropriate to its life cycle and form”, and listing is otherwise in accordance with the ministerial guidelines (section 25 of the BC Act). Currently there are no threatened fauna or threatened flora species listed as extinct in the wild. If listing of a species as extinct in the wild occurs, then a schedule will be added to the applicable notice.

Specially protected species

Listed by order of the Minister as specially protected under section 13(1) of the BC Act. Meeting one or more of the following categories: species of special conservation interest; migratory species; cetaceans; species subject to international agreement; or species otherwise in need of special protection.

Species that are listed as threatened species (critically endangered, endangered or vulnerable) or extinct species under the BC Act cannot also be listed as Specially Protected species.

Categories are detailed below.

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Category Code Description

Migratory species MI Fauna that periodically or occasionally visit Australia or an external Territory or the exclusive economic zone; or the species is subject of an international agreement that relates to the protection of migratory species and that binds the Commonwealth; and listing is otherwise in accordance with the ministerial guidelines (section 15 of the BC Act). Includes birds that are subject to an agreement between the government of Australia and the governments of Japan (JAMBA), China (CAMBA) and The Republic of Korea (ROKAMBA), and fauna subject to the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (Bonn Convention), an environmental treaty under the United Nations Environment Program. Migratory species listed under the BC Act are a subset of the migratory animals that are known to visit Western Australia, protected under the international agreements or treaties, excluding species that are listed as Threatened species. Published as migratory birds protected under an international agreement under schedule 5 of the Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice 2018.

Species of special conservation CD Fauna of special conservation need being species dependent on ongoing interest (conservation conservation intervention to prevent it becoming eligible for listing as dependent fauna) threatened, and listing is otherwise in accordance with the ministerial guidelines (section 14 of the BC Act). Published as conservation dependent fauna under schedule 6 of the Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice 2018.

Other specially protected species OS Fauna otherwise in need of special protection to ensure their conservation, and listing is otherwise in accordance with the ministerial guidelines (section 18 of the BC Act). Published as other specially protected fauna under schedule 7 of the Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice 2018.

Priority species (P) Possibly threatened species that do not meet survey criteria, or are otherwise data deficient, are added to the Priority Fauna or Priority Flora Lists under Priorities 1, 2 or 3. These three categories are ranked in order of priority for survey and evaluation of conservation status so that consideration can be given to their declaration as threatened fauna or flora.

Species that are adequately known, are rare but not threatened, or meet criteria for near threatened, or that have been recently removed from the threatened species or other specially protected fauna lists for other than taxonomic reasons, are placed in Priority 4. These species require regular monitoring.

Assessment of Priority codes is based on the Western Australian distribution of the species, unless the distribution in WA is part of a contiguous population extending into adjacent States, as defined by the known spread of locations.

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Category Code Definition

Priority 1 P1 Poorly-known species Species that are known from one or a few locations (generally five or less) which are potentially at risk. All occurrences are either: very small; or on lands not managed for conservation, e.g. agricultural or pastoral lands, urban areas, road and rail reserves, gravel reserves and active mineral leases; or otherwise under threat of habitat destruction or degradation. Species may be included if they are comparatively well known from one or more locations but do not meet adequacy of survey requirements and appear to be under immediate threat from known threatening processes. Such species are in urgent need of further survey.

Priority 2 P2 Poorly-known species Species that are known from one or a few locations (generally five or less), some of which are on lands managed primarily for nature conservation, e.g. national parks, conservation parks, nature reserves and other lands with secure tenure being managed for conservation. Species may be included if they are comparatively well known from one or more locations but do not meet adequacy of survey requirements and appear to be under threat from known threatening processes. Such species are in urgent need of further survey.

Priority 3 P3 Poorly-known species Species that are known from several locations, and the species does not appear to be under imminent threat, or from few but widespread locations with either large population size or significant remaining areas of apparently suitable habitat, much of it not under imminent threat. Species may be included if they are comparatively well known from several locations but do not meet adequacy of survey requirements and known threatening processes exist that could affect them. Such species are in need of further survey.

Priority 4 P4 Rare, Near Threatened and other species in need of monitoring (a) Rare. Species that are considered to have been adequately surveyed, or for which sufficient knowledge is available, and that are considered not currently threatened or in need of special protection but could be if present circumstances change. These species are usually represented on conservation lands. (b) Near Threatened. Species that are considered to have been adequately surveyed and that are close to qualifying for vulnerable but are not listed as Conservation Dependent. (c) Species that have been removed from the list of threatened species during the past five years for reasons other than taxonomy.

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Appendix B Likelihood of occurrence assessment criteria

Likelihood Criteria rating

The species has previously been recorded within project area from DBCA database search results and/or Recorded from previous surveys of the project area, and/or the species has been confirmed through a current vouchered specimen at WA Herbarium.

The species has not previously been recorded from within the project area. However, (to qualify requires one or more criteria to be met): • the species has been recorded in close proximity to the project area, and occurs in similar habitat to that which occurs within the project area • Likely core habitat and suitable landforms for the species occurs within the project area either year- round or seasonally. In relation to fauna species, this could be that a host plant is seasonally present on site, or habitat features such as caves are present that may be used during particular times during its life cycle e.g. for breeding. In relation to both flora and fauna species, it may be there are seasonal wetlands present • there is a medium to high probability that a species uses the project area The species has not previously been recorded from within the project area. However, (one or more criteria requires to be met): • targeted surveys may locate the species based on records occurring in proximity to the project area and suitable habitat occurring in the project area • the project area has been assessed as having potentially suitable habitat through habitat modelling • the species is known to be cryptic and may not have been detected despite extensive surveys Potential • the species is highly mobile and has an extensive foraging range so may not have been detected during previous surveys The species has been recorded in the project area by a previous consultant survey or there is historic evidence of species occurrence within the project area. However, (one or more criteria requires to be met) • doubt remains over taxonomic identification, or the majority of habitat does not appear suitable (although presence cannot be ruled out due to factors such as species ecology or distribution) • coordinates are doubtful The species has been recorded locally through DBCA database searches. However, it has not been recorded within the project area and • it is unlikely to occur due to the site lacking critical habitat, having at best marginally suitable habitat, and/or being severely degraded • it is unlikely to occur due to few historic record/s and no other current collections in the local Unlikely area. The species has been recorded within the bioregion based on literature review but has not been recorded locally or within the project area through DBCA database searches. The species has not been recorded in the project area despite adequate survey efforts, such as a standardised methodology or targeted searching within potentially suitable habitat.

The species is not known to occur within the IBRA bioregion based on current literature and distribution. The conspicuous species has not been recorded in the project area despite adequate survey efforts at an Does not appropriate time of year to detect the species within potentially suitable habitat. occur The project area lacks important habitat for a species that has highly selective habitat requirements. The species has been historically recorded within project area or locally; however, it is considered locally extinct due to significant habitat changes such as land clearing and/or introduced predators.

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Appendix C Flora likelihood of occurrence assessment

Conservation code Likelihood Likelihood of of Species State Source Habitat Justification Justification EPBC BC occurrence occurrence Act Act / pre-survey post-survey DBCA Nearest record occurs Amongst rocks on approximately 55 km to the DBCA slopes or in Pityrodia southeast of the Project Area Records restricted to Mount VU VU 2020a, drainage lines on Unlikely Unlikely augustensis (easternmost portion), Augustus. PMST Mt Augustus, Acacia associated with landforms of shrublands. Mount Augustus. Records of this species occur in close proximity to the Project DBCA Low granite hills Area (<2 km). Records of this 2020a, with skeletal soils species are reasonably Species was recorded within Acacia curryana - P1 Likely Recorded Nature and Acacia widespread across the local area the Project Area. Map shrublands. and suitable supporting habitat has the potential to occur within the Project Area. One record of this species Found in red brown occurs approximately 45\ km to Unlikely to occur given the Eremophila DBCA sandy loam on - P1 Unlikely the east of the Project Area, Unlikely distance and location of this scrobiculata 2020a rocky slopes above associated with ironstone single record. drainage lines. formations.

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Conservation code Likelihood Likelihood of of Species State Source Habitat Justification Justification EPBC BC occurrence occurrence Act Act / pre-survey post-survey DBCA One record of this species Rocky brown soils Eremophila sp. occurs approximately 4 km to Unlikely to occur given the DBCA of a hillslope on Coodardo Gap (B. - P1 Unlikely the east of the Project Area, Unlikely distance and location of this 2020a Wanna Station, Buirchell BB 330) associated with ironstone single record. Gascoyne. formations. Although potential suitable Red to red/brown habitat was observed e.g. loams or stony soils red/brown loams and stony DBCA associated with One record of this species Eremophila sp. soils, known records suggest 2020a, plains, occasionally occurs approximately 8km to Pingandy dentate - P1 Potential Unlikely that this species occurs in Nature crabholes with the south of the Project Area, (B. Buirchell BB 331) populations of >50 plants. As a Map Acacia/Eremophila/ associated with red loam plains. result, if such populations Senna/Ptilotus were present, they would shrublands likely have been recorded. One record of this species Supporting habitat such as Grows on sandy occurs approximately 6 km to Indigofera DBCA sandy rises amongst granite - P1 rises amongst Unlikely the south of the Project Area Unlikely eriophylla 2020a were not recorded within the granite. (westernmost portion), Project Area. associated with a sandy rise. Drainage lines or Six geographically disjunct Nearest record of this species riverine systems records occur across the state, DBCA occurs approximately 30 km to Isotropis forrestii - P1 with stony clay Potential Potential mostly occurring in creekline 2020a the north of the Project Area loams or sandy environments. The Project (easternmost portion), alluvial soils. Acacia Area traverses several

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Conservation code Likelihood Likelihood of of Species State Source Habitat Justification Justification EPBC BC occurrence occurrence Act Act / pre-survey post-survey DBCA citrinoviridis associated with lower sections creeklines, as such its shrublands, of the Barlee Range. potential presence cannot be occasionally with discounted. Eucalyptus spp. Red-brown clay- loam with loam One record of this species surface, over Josephinia sp. occurs approximately 50 km to Unlikely given the large DBCA alluvial and Woodstock (A.A. - P1 Unlikely the north of the Project Area Unlikely distance of this record from 2020a lacustrine valley-fill Mitchell PRP 989) (westernmost portion), the Project Area. deposits; in places associated with depression. saline or calcreted. Granitic rises. Nearest record occurs Growing in ponds, approximately 40 km to the Supporting habitat such as Nymphoides DBCA or flooded areas north of the Project Area ponds and flooded crabhole - P1 Unlikely Unlikely walshiae 2020a crabholes) in brown (westernmost portion), areas were not recorded clay. associated with an ephemeral within the Project Area. pond. Flat terrain, low in Nearest record occurs Unlikely given the large landscape, stoney approximately 50 km to the Rhodanthe DBCA distance of this record from - P1 gibber with red Unlikely northwest of the Project Area Unlikely ascendens 2020a the Project Area, and absence cracking clay soils, (westernmost portion), of cracking clay soils. sand over clay. associated with a riverbed.

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Conservation code Likelihood Likelihood of of Species State Source Habitat Justification Justification EPBC BC occurrence occurrence Act Act / pre-survey post-survey DBCA One record of this species from 1981 occurs approximately 25 km to the north west of the Unlikely to occur given the Project Area (westernmost DBCA distance and nature of this Swainsona ecallosa - P1 Stony flats Unlikely portion), associated with a Unlikely 2020a record and in view of other creekline. It is noted that the historic records remaining FloraBase records are from 1963 or older and occur primarily near Carnarvon. Nearest record of this species occurs approximately 3km to the north of the Project Area Supporting habitat such as Tephrosia sp. Sand dunes, crests, (westernmost portion), sand dunes, crests and red DBCA Kennedy Range (J.S. - P1 red brown sand. Unlikely associated with red sand dunes. Unlikely brown sand were not 2020a Beard 4392) Kennedy ranges. The majority of records occur recorded within the Project approximately 20 km to the Area south, associated with the Kennedy Range. Suitable habitat such as Found growing on Nearest record of this species Eremophila breakaways and rocky gullies breakaways and occurs approximately 35 km to compacta subsp. DBCA were not recorded within the - P2 rocky gullies on Unlikely the south of the Project Area, Unlikely Kennedy Range (B. 2020a Project Area. In addition, brown sandy loam, broadly associated with the Buirchell BB 107) known records occur far to the Kennedy Ranges. landforms of the Kennedy Range south of the Project Area,

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Conservation code Likelihood Likelihood of of Species State Source Habitat Justification Justification EPBC BC occurrence occurrence Act Act / pre-survey post-survey DBCA being mostly associated with landforms of the Kennedy Range. Acacia/Eremophila shrublands of stony hills, riverbeds, Nearest record occurs outcrops and rocky DBCA approximately 4 km to the Suitable habitat such as gullies. Found 2020a, southeast of the Project Area ironstone ridges and outcrops Rhodanthe frenchii - P2 locally on rockpiles Potential Unlikely Nature (westernmost portion), were not recorded within the associated with Map associated with an ironstone Project Area. hilltops and outcrop. ridgetops in vegetation type AtGc. Mulga and Acacia citrinoviridis Nearest record occurs DBCA shrublands on approximately 1 km to the north 2020a, alluvial sands, sands Species was recorded within Solanum octonum - P2 Potential of the Project Area (easternmost Recorded Nature or skeletal soils of the Project Area. portion), associated with a Map riparian systems, minor creekline. gorges or steep hills.

DBCA Damp soils of Nearest record of this species The Project Area traverses Wurmbea fluviatilis - P2 Potential Potential 2020a riparian habitats in occurs approximately 2 km to several major and minor

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Conservation code Likelihood Likelihood of of Species State Source Habitat Justification Justification EPBC BC occurrence occurrence Act Act / pre-survey post-survey DBCA the Gascoyne the north of the Project Area creekline/riverine systems bioregion, found (easternmost portion), and as such its potential locally from minor associated with a minor presence of this annual to mid-order creekline.. species cannot be discounted drainage lines. Records occur 15 km south of the eastmost section of the Although potential suitable corridor tenure (Ecoscape 2015) habitat was observed e.g. and one WAH record from 1941 rocky areas with red clay Red clay and red occurs in the northernmost DBCA loam, this species is a highly Acacia atopa - P3 loam, occasionally Potential section of the Kennedy Ranges. Unlikely 2020a conspicuous tree species that rocky areas. Known records occur within 20 occurs in large groves and if km of the Prjoect Area and present, would have been suitable supporting habitat has recorded. the potential to occur within the Project Area. One record of this species from Grows on plains and 1932 occurs approximately Unlikely to occur given the hills in loam often 40km to the west of the Project nature of this single historic DBCA associated with Acacia startii - P3 Unlikely Area. It is unlikely that suitable Unlikely record and the absence of 2020a limestone, in low habitat on limestone suitable habitat (e.g. shrub and open associations occur within the limestone associations). shrubland. Project Area.

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Conservation code Likelihood Likelihood of of Species State Source Habitat Justification Justification EPBC BC occurrence occurrence Act Act / pre-survey post-survey DBCA Suitable habitat such as sand Nearest record occurs Grows in orange red dunes on range plateaus with Calothamnus approximately 10 km to the DBCA sand dunes on Triodia spp., associated with borealis subsp. - P3 Unlikely west of the Project Area, located Unlikely 2020a range plateaus with the Kennedy Range, were not cinereus in the northernmost section of Triodia spp. recorded within the Project the Kennedy Range Area One record of this species Sandy soils occurs approximately 5 km to The Project Area traverses Gymnanthera DBCA associated with the south of the Project Area several large river systems and - P3 Potential Recorded cunninghamii 2020a drainage and (easternmost portion), as such its potential presence riparian systems. associated with banks of Lyons cannot be discounted River Single record 30 km from the Flats, margin of Project Area is a significant semi-saline One record of this species from outlier from other known drainage Lawrencia sp. Anna 1970 occurs approximately populations. These main DBCA depression on Plains (N.T. - P3 Unlikely 25 km to the east of the Project Unlikely populations occur on the 2020a coastal plain and Burbidge 1433) Area, associated with a gravel margins of semi-saline gravelly flats with flat. drainage depressions on the Mulga (Gascoyne coastal plain between Port locality) Hedland and Broome. Grows in moist salt Two records of this species from Maireana DBCA Unlikely given the large - P3 places, found on Unlikely 1970/71 occur approximately 50 Unlikely prosthecochaeta 2020a distance of this record from rough hilly country, km to the southeast of the

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Conservation code Likelihood Likelihood of of Species State Source Habitat Justification Justification EPBC BC occurrence occurrence Act Act / pre-survey post-survey DBCA growing on top of Project Area (easternmost the Project Area and absence hills. portion), associated with a of suitable habitat latertitic hill Records occur near the easternmost portion of the Suitable habitat occurs within Creeks and minor to DBCA Project Area (Ecoscape 2015) the Project Area, as such this Sporobolus blakei - P3 mid-order drainage Potential Recorded 2020a and one WAH record occurs species presence can not be lines. approximately 12 km to the discounted north. Nearest record occurs Supporting habitat such as Associated with approximately 1.5 km to the clay depressions and Goodenia DBCA ephemeral south of the Project Area - P4 Potential Unlikely ephemeral wetlands were not berringbinensis 2020a wetlands (granite or (easternmost portion), in recorded within the Project clay-based). association with a moist clay Area depression This species occurs across a One record of this species wide variety of habitats, some occurs approximately 6.5 km to of which occur within the Variety of habitats DBCA the south of the Project Area Project Area. Given the Goodenia nuda - P4 mainly within Potential Potential 2020a (easternmost portion), nature of this species, its Pilbara bioregion. associated with clay loam on potential presence within the ironstone and quartz Project Area cannot be discounted

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Appendix D Fauna likelihood of occurrence assessment

Conservation Likelihood code Likelihood of of Species State Source Habitat Justification occurrence Justification occurrence BC post- EPBC Act pre-survey Act / survey DBCA Curlew Sandpipers mainly occur on Potentially suitable intertidal mudflats in sheltered coastal habitat may within the areas, such as estuaries, bays, inlets and Potentially Project Area after heavy Calidris lagoons, and also around non-tidal swamps, suitable rainfall events. However, ferruginea CR, lakes and lagoons near the coast, and ponds habitat this species is less CR, M PMST Potential Unlikely (Curlew MI in saltworks and sewage farms. They are occurs common inland. The Sandpiper) also recorded inland, though less often, within the nearest record of this including around ephemeral and permanent Project Area. species is >100 km to lakes, dams, waterholes and bore drains, the south of the Project usually with bare edges of mud or sand. Area. Based on Most habitat records are of Triodia desktop (Spinifex) grasslands and/or chenopod assessment shrublands in the arid and semi-arid zones for this No suitable habitat Pezoporus DBCA shrubby samphire and chenopod species, present within or occidentalis CR CR (2020b), Unlikely Unlikely associations, scattered trees and shrubs, suitable immediately adjacent to (Night Parrot) PMST Acacia aneura (Mulga) woodland, treeless habitat does the Project Area. areas and bare gibber as associated with not occur sightings of the species. within the Project Area.

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Conservation Likelihood code Likelihood of of Species State Source Habitat Justification occurrence Justification occurrence BC post- EPBC Act pre-survey Act / survey DBCA The Northern Quoll occupies a diversity of habitats across its range which includes rocky areas, eucalypt forest and woodlands, rainforests, sandy lowlands and beaches, shrubland, grasslands and desert. Northern Lack of extensive Quoll habitat generally encompasses some suitable habitat within form of rocky area for denning purposes Potentially the Project Area. The Dasyurus with surrounding vegetated habitats used suitable Project Area is too far hallucatus for foraging and dispersal. Rocky habitats habitat EN EN PMST Potential Unlikely south of the range of (Northern are usually of high relief, often rugged and occurs this species, which Quoll) dissected but can also include tor fields or within the occurs to the north of caves in low lying areas such as in Western Project Area. the Project Area to Australia. Eucalypt forest or woodland Kununurra. habitats usually have a high structural diversity containing large diameter trees, termite mounds or hollow logs for denning purposes. Dens are made in rock crevices, tree holes or occasionally termite mounds. Black-flanked rock-wallabies occur where Lack of There is one historical Petrogale suitable shelter and food co-exist. During extensive record 90km east of the lateralis subsp. the daytime they shelter under deep shade suitable DBCA Project Area. Project lateralis (Black- EN EN in rocky areas such as caves, cliffs, screes Potential habitat Unlikely (2020b) Area does not contain flanked Rock- and rockpiles, and emerge at dusk to feed present extensive suitable wallaby) on grasses, forbs, shrubs and occasionally within the habitat for this species. seeds and fruits. Project Area.

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Conservation Likelihood code Likelihood of of Species State Source Habitat Justification occurrence Justification occurrence BC post- EPBC Act pre-survey Act / survey DBCA The Australian Painted Snipe generally inhabits shallow terrestrial freshwater (occasionally brackish) wetlands, including temporary and permanent lakes, swamps Lack of and claypans. They also use inundated or Rostratula suitable waterlogged grassland or saltmarsh, dams, Lack of suitable habitat australis habitat EN EN PMST rice crops, sewage farms and bore drains. Unlikely Unlikely present within the (Australian present Typical sites include those with rank Project Area. Painted Snipe) within the emergent tussocks of grass, sedges, rushes Project Area. or reeds, or samphire; often with scattered clumps of lignum Muehlenbeckia or canegrass or sometimes tea-tree (Melaleuca). Generally, occurs in tall open shrubland. Inhabits granite outcrops separated by stony flats supporting sparse Acacia shrubs. Appears to be restricted to rocks of one Potentially Suitable habitat (rock Ctenophorus DBCA origin - Archean gneissic biotite granites and suitable type) does not occur yinnietharra (2020b), granodiorite - whilst nearby outcrops of habitat within the Project Area. VU VU Potential Unlikely (Yinnietharra NatureM Early Proterozoic migmatite are inhabited occurs A record from 2006 is Rock Dragon) ap by a different species, Ctenophorus within the 1.9 km to the north of caudicinctus. Basks on low rocks and Acacia Project Area. Project Area. limbs One specimen was observed running across gibber flats between granite outcrops and climbing stunted Acacia.

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Conservation Likelihood code Likelihood of of Species State Source Habitat Justification occurrence Justification occurrence BC post- EPBC Act pre-survey Act / survey DBCA Individuals have been captured sheltering beneath exfoliating granite, from burrows under granite boulders and in a hollow Acacia log. Lack of Ghost bats move between a number of suitable Macroderma caves seasonally or as dictated by weather Lack of suitable habitat DBCA habitat gigas (Ghost VU VU conditions and require a range of cave sites. Unlikely Unlikely present within the (2020b) present Bat) Roost sites include caves, rock crevices and Project Area. within the disused mine adits. Project Area. Although suitable habitat occurs within the Project Area, the Project The remaining populations of the greater Potentially Area is on the edge of bilby occupy three main habitats: open suitable this species modelled Macrotis lagotis DBCA tussock grassland on uplands and hills, habitat VU VU Potential Unlikely distribution, with only (Greater Bilby) (2020b) Acacia aneura (mulga) woodland/shrubland occurs three historical records growing on ridges and rises, and hummock within the occurring within 100 km grassland in plains and alluvial areas. Project Area. of the Project Area, the nearest being 3.16km away.

Rhinonicteris DBCA Deep caves and complex mines are used as Lack of Lack of suitable habitat aurantia VU VU (2020b), permanent diurnal roosts. Caves used or Unlikely suitable Unlikely present within the (Pilbara) PMST suspected of being used for diurnal roosting habitat Project Area.

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Conservation Likelihood code Likelihood of of Species State Source Habitat Justification occurrence Justification occurrence BC post- EPBC Act pre-survey Act / survey DBCA (Pilbara Leaf- have been found in layered ironstone and present nosed Bat) silicious formations, and occupied mines are within the relatively deep, with multiple levels and Project Area. cross cuts that often intersect the watertable. Gorges with pools, gullies, rocky outcrop, major watercourses and open grassland and woodland. One historical The red-tailed phascogale is largely confined record is to woodlands with old-growth hollow- located One historical record is Phascogale producing eucalypts, particularly Wandoo 90km to the located 90 km to the calura (Red- (Eucalyptus wandoo) and York gum (E. south of the DBCA south of the Project tailed VU CD loxophleba), often with associated rock Unlikely Project Area. Unlikely (2020b) Area. The Project Area Phascogale) sheoak (Allocasuarina huegeliana), but has The Project occurs outside of this also been recorded in shrublands and Area occurs species current range. various mosaics of woodland, shrubland outside of and scrub-heath this species current range.

Actitis Wide range of coastal wetlands and some Potentially DBCA Lack of suitable habitat hypoleucos inland wetlands. Is mostly found around suitable M MI (2020b), Potential Unlikely present within the (Common muddy margins or rocky shores and rarely habitat PMST Project Area. Sandpiper) on mudflats. occurs

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Conservation Likelihood code Likelihood of of Species State Source Habitat Justification occurrence Justification occurrence BC post- EPBC Act pre-survey Act / survey DBCA within the Project Area. In Australia, they mostly occur over inland plains but sometimes above foothills or in coastal areas. They often occur over cliffs and beaches and also over islands and Potentially Appropriate habitat sometimes well out to sea. They also occur DBCA suitable intersects the Project Apus pacificus over settled areas, including towns, urban (2020b), habitat Area. A record of this (Fork-tailed M MI areas and cities. They mostly occur over dry Potential Potential NatureM occurs species is located 2.4 km Swift) or open habitats, including riparian ap within the south of the Project woodland and tea-tree swamps, low scrub, Project Area. Area on the Lyons River heathland or saltmarsh. They are also found at treeless grassland and sandplains covered with spinifex, open farmland and inland and coastal sand-dunes. In Australasia, the Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Species has been prefers muddy edges of shallow fresh or Potentially previously recorded over Calidris brackish wetlands, with inundated or suitable 100 km to the south of acuminata emergent sedges, grass, saltmarsh or other habitat M MI PMST Potential Unlikely the Project Area. (Sharp-tailed low vegetation. This includes lagoons, occurs Marginal habitat occurs Sandpiper) swamps, lakes and pools near the coast, within the within the Project Area and dams, waterholes, soaks, bore drains Project Area. for this species. and bore swamps, saltpans and hypersaline

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Conservation Likelihood code Likelihood of of Species State Source Habitat Justification occurrence Justification occurrence BC post- EPBC Act pre-survey Act / survey DBCA saltlakes inland. They also occur in saltworks and sewage farms. In Australasia, the Pectoral Sandpiper Lack of Calidris prefers shallow fresh to saline wetlands. suitable Lack of suitable habitat melanotos The species is found at coastal lagoons, habitat M MI PMST Unlikely Unlikely present within the (Pectoral estuaries, bays, swamps, lakes, inundated present Project Area. Sandpiper) grasslands, saltmarshes, river pools, creeks, within the floodplains and artificial wetlands. Project Area. Immediately after arriving in non-breeding grounds in northern Australia, Oriental Plovers spend a few weeks in coastal habitats such as estuarine mudflats and Lack of sandbanks, on sandy or rocky ocean suitable Charadrius beaches or nearby reefs, or in near-coastal Lack of suitable habitat habitat veredus M MI PMST grasslands, before dispersing further inland. Unlikely Unlikely present within the present (Oriental Plover) Thereafter they usually inhabit flat, open, Project Area. within the semi-arid or arid grasslands, where the Project Area. grass is short and sparse, and interspersed with hard, bare ground, such as claypans, dry paddocks, playing fields, lawns and cattle camps. In Australia, the Barn Swallow is recorded in Potentially Records of this species Hirundo rustica M MI PMST open country in coastal lowlands, often Potential suitable Unlikely are mainly coastal, (Barn Swallow) near water, towns and cities. Birds are often habitat occurring north of the

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Conservation Likelihood code Likelihood of of Species State Source Habitat Justification occurrence Justification occurrence BC post- EPBC Act pre-survey Act / survey DBCA sighted perched on overhead wires, and occurs Project Area from also in or over freshwater wetlands, within the Carnarvon to east of paperbark Melaleuca woodland, mesophyll Project Area. Kununurra, WA. shrub thickets and tussock grassland. This species is only known from 7 records, Potentially six of which occur in the suitable Grassland, Wetlands (inland), Kimberley region of WA Motacilla habitat M MI PMST Artificial/Terrestrial, Artificial/Aquatic & Potential Unlikely nearby Broome/Derby. cinerea (Grey occurs Marine. The nearest record of Wagtail) within the this species is over Project Area. 250 km to the north east of the Project Area. Potentially This species is known suitable Shrubland, Grassland, Wetlands (inland), from 11 records, all of Motacilla flava habitat M MI PMST Artificial/Terrestrial, Artificial/Aquatic & Potential Unlikely which occur in the (Yellow Wagtail) occurs Marine. Kimberley region of within the Western Australia. Project Area. The Glossy Ibis' preferred habitat for Potentially Appropriate habitat Plegadis foraging and breeding are freshwater DBCA suitable intersects the Project falcinellus M MI marshes at the edges of lakes and rivers, Potential Unlikely (2020b) habitat Area. One record from (Glossy Ibis) lagoons, flood-plains, wet meadows, occurs 2017, located 106 km swamps, reservoirs, sewage ponds, rice-

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Conservation Likelihood code Likelihood of of Species State Source Habitat Justification occurrence Justification occurrence BC post- EPBC Act pre-survey Act / survey DBCA fields and cultivated areas under irrigation. within the south of the Project The species is occasionally found in coastal Project Area. Area. locations such as estuaries, deltas, saltmarshes and coastal lagoons. The Common Greenshank is found in a wide variety of inland wetlands and sheltered coastal habitats of varying salinity. It occurs in sheltered coastal habitats, typically with large mudflats and saltmarsh, mangroves or Potentially Appropriate habitat DBCA seagrass. Habitats include embayments, suitable intersects the Project Tringa nebularia (2020b), harbours, river estuaries, deltas and lagoons habitat Area. A record of this (Common M MI Potential Potential NatureM and are recorded less often in round tidal occurs species is located 3.2 km Greenshank) ap pools, rock-flats and rock platforms. The within the south of the Project species uses both permanent and Project Area. Area on the Lyons River ephemeral terrestrial wetlands, including swamps, lakes, dams, rivers, creeks, billabongs, waterholes and inundated floodplains, claypans and saltflats. The distribution of this species is restricted This species Nearby records of this largely to areas of the highest annual is highly Falco species are located DBCA average temperatures where there is an vagrant in hypoleucos - VU Potential Potential 27.9 km to the east. This (2020b) average annual rainfall of less than 500 mm. nature with (Grey Falcon) species is highly vagrant It favours lightly timbered and un-timbered a wide in nature with a wide lowland plains that are crossed by tree-lined variety of

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Conservation Likelihood code Likelihood of of Species State Source Habitat Justification occurrence Justification occurrence BC post- EPBC Act pre-survey Act / survey DBCA watercourses, but frequents other habitats habitat variety of habitat including grassland and sand dune habitats. preferences. preferences. Peregrine falcons prefer open habitats, such as grasslands, tundra, and meadows. They This species A record from 2009 is are most common in tundra and coastal is highly 5.5 km to the north of DBCA areas and rare in sub-tropical and tropical vagrant in Falco peregrines the Project Area. This (2020b), habitats. They nest on cliff faces and nature with (Peregrine - OS Potential Potential species is highly vagrant NatureM crevices. They have recently begun to a wide Falcon) in nature with a wide ap colonize urban areas because tall buildings variety of variety of habitat are suitable for nesting in this species, and habitat preferences. because of the abundance of pigeons as preferences. prey items. Pools present in river Pools present in river systems systems within the within the Project Area are semi- Hypseleotris Inhabits rocky pools amongst dense clumps Project Area DBCA permanent in nature aurea (Golden - P2 of submerged water weeds and dead Unlikely are semi- Unlikely (2020b) and are unlikely to be Gudgeon) branches. permanent able to sustain a in nature population of this and are species. unlikely to be able to sustain a

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Conservation Likelihood code Likelihood of of Species State Source Habitat Justification occurrence Justification occurrence BC post- EPBC Act pre-survey Act / survey DBCA population of this species. Project Area doesn't have habitat that the is Lack of species relies on suitable Dasycercus Shrubland, Grassland, Desert. Generally (Spinifex grassland). DBCA habitat blythi (Brush- - P4 Triodia spp. (spinifex) grasslands with Unlikely Unlikely There is one recent (2020b) present tailed Mulgara) medium to dense cover. record from 2007 within the approximately 97km Project Area. north of the Project Area. The species is mostly found on sand dunes Lack of Dasycercus with a sparse cover of vegetation (such as suitable Lack of suitable habitat cristicauda DBCA Zygochloa paradoxa (cane grass), or in habitat - P4 Unlikely Unlikely present within the (Crest-tailed (2020b) herblands and sparse grasslands bordering present Project Area. Mulgara) salt lakes with Nitraria billardieri (nitre within the bush). Project Area. Pools Pools present in river Leiopotherapon present in systems within the aheneus DBCA river Project Area are semi- - P4 Wetlands (inland), Marine Neritic. Unlikely Unlikely (Fortescue (2020b) systems permanent in nature Grunter) within the and are unlikely to be Project Area able to sustain a

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Conservation Likelihood code Likelihood of of Species State Source Habitat Justification occurrence Justification occurrence BC post- EPBC Act pre-survey Act / survey DBCA are semi- population of this permanent species. in nature and are unlikely to be able to sustain a population of this species. Suitable habitat occurs Pebbly soils in arid tussock grassland and Potentially within the Project Area. Pseudomys Acacia woodland. The vegetation at the DBCA suitable A record from 1994 is chapmanii preferred habitat, hummock grasslands, is (2020b), habitat located 18.5km north of (Western - P4 Triodia basedowii, Cassia, Acacia and Potential Potential NatureM occurs the Project Area. A Pebble-mound Ptilotus, and it is associated with eroding ap within the number of records Mouse) sands at natural features which expose Project Area. (historical) occur around small stones (pebbles). the Project Area. Deep caves and complex mines are used as Lack of permanent diurnal roosts. Caves used or Rhinonicteris suitable suspected of being used for diurnal roosting Lack of suitable habitat aurantia DBCA habitat - P4 have been found in layered ironstone and Unlikely Unlikely present within the (Orange Leaf- (2020b) present silicious formations, and occupied mines are Project Area. nosed Bat) within the relatively deep, with multiple levels and Project Area. cross cuts that often intersect the

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Conservation Likelihood code Likelihood of of Species State Source Habitat Justification occurrence Justification occurrence BC post- EPBC Act pre-survey Act / survey DBCA watertable. Gorges with pools, gullies, rocky outcrop, major watercourses and open grassland and woodland. Habitat is marginal Appropriate within the Project Area. habitat This species has been occurs previously recorded in Shrubland, grassland, rocky areas (eg. inland within the the region by Ecoscape Sminthopsis DBCA cliffs, mountain peaks). Exposed rock and Project Area. (2018). In addition, old longicaudata (2020b), stony soils with hummock grasses and This species - P4 Potential Potential Dasyurid scats were (Long-tailed NatureM shrubs. Flat-topped hills, lateritic plateaus, has been recorded occurring Dunnart) ap sandstone ranges and breakaways. Sparse previously within the Project Area mulga over spinifex. recorded in but unable to be the region confirmed and so this by Ecoscape species could not be (2018). discounted.

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Appendix E Flora species list

Introduced Conservation Family Species (weed) status species Acanthaceae Dicladanthera forrestii Acanthaceae Dipteracanthus australasicus subsp. australasicus Aizoaceae Tetragonia cristata Aizoaceae Trianthema pilosum Aizoaceae Trianthema triquetrum Amaranthaceae Alternanthera nodiflora Amaranthaceae Amaranthus cuspidifolius Amaranthaceae Gomphrena affinis subsp. pilbarensis Amaranthaceae Gomphrena canescens Amaranthaceae Gomphrena cunninghamii Amaranthaceae Ptilotus aervoides Amaranthaceae Ptilotus clementii Amaranthaceae Ptilotus exaltatus Amaranthaceae Ptilotus gaudichaudii Amaranthaceae Ptilotus gomphrenoides Amaranthaceae Ptilotus helipteroides Amaranthaceae Ptilotus obovatus Amaranthaceae Ptilotus polakii subsp. juxtus Amaranthaceae Ptilotus polystachyus Amaranthaceae Ptilotus roei Amaranthaceae Ptilotus schwartzii Apocynaceae Gymnanthera cunninghamii# P3 Apocynaceae Marsdenia australis Araliaceae Trachymene pilbarensis Asphodelaceae Asphodelus fistulosus * Asteraceae Actinobole oldfieldianum Asteraceae Angianthus milnei Asteraceae Angianthus tomentosus Asteraceae Asteraceae sp. Asteraceae Bidens bipinnata * Asteraceae Brachyscome iberidifolia Asteraceae Calotis hispidula Asteraceae Centipeda pleiocephala Asteraceae Erymophyllum ramosum subsp. ramosum Asteraceae Flaveria trinervia * Asteraceae Gnephosis arachnoidea Asteraceae Helipterum craspedioides

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Introduced Conservation Family Species (weed) status species Asteraceae Pluchea dentex Asteraceae Pterocaulon sphacelatum Asteraceae Rhodanthe maryonii Asteraceae Schoenia ayersii Asteraceae Sonchus oleraceus * Asteraceae Streptoglossa liatroides Boraginaceae Halgania gustafsenii Boraginaceae Heliotropium cunninghamii Boraginaceae Heliotropium europaeum * Boraginaceae Heliotropium heteranthum Boraginaceae Heliotropium sp. Boraginaceae Trichodesma zeylanicum Brassicaceae Lepidium phlebopetalum Brassicaceae Lepidium platypetalum Brassicaceae Sisymbrium irio * Brassicaceae Sisymbrium orientale * Brassicaceae Stenopetalum anfractum Campanulaceae Lobelia simulans Caryophyllaceae Polycarpaea corymbosa Chenopodiaceae Atriplex codonocarpa Chenopodiaceae Atriplex semilunaris Chenopodiaceae Atriplex sp. Chenopodiaceae Dysphania melanocarpa Chenopodiaceae Dysphania rhadinostachya subsp. inflata Chenopodiaceae Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Chenopodiaceae Eremophea spinosa Chenopodiaceae Maireana planifolia Chenopodiaceae Maireana pyramidata Chenopodiaceae Maireana sp. Chenopodiaceae Maireana triptera Chenopodiaceae Rhagodia eremaea Chenopodiaceae Salsola australis Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena costata Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena cuneata Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena densiflora Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena diacantha Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena eriacantha Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena gardneri Chenopodiaceae Sclerolaena sp. Cleomaceae Cleome viscosa

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Introduced Conservation Family Species (weed) status species Colchicaceae Wurmbea inflata Convolvulaceae Convolvulus clementii Convolvulaceae Duperreya commixta Convolvulaceae Evolvulus alsinoides var. villosicalyx Convolvulaceae Ipomoea muelleri Cucurbitaceae Cucumis melo Cucurbitaceae Cucumis variabilis Cyperaceae Bulbostylis barbata Cyperaceae Cyperaceae sp. Cyperaceae Cyperus cunninghamii subsp. cunninghamii Cyperaceae Cyperus iria Cyperaceae Cyperus squarrosus Cyperaceae Cyperus vaginatus Cyperaceae Fimbristylis microcarya Cyperaceae Lipocarpha microcephala Euphorbiaceae Adriana tomentosa Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia australis Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia biconvexa Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia boophthona Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia coghlanii Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia drummondii Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia tannensis subsp. eremophila Fabaceae Acacia acradenia Fabaceae Acacia aneura Fabaceae Acacia aptaneura Fabaceae Acacia bivenosa Fabaceae Acacia citrinoviridis Fabaceae Acacia coriacea subsp. pendens Fabaceae Acacia craspedocarpa (Hybrid) Fabaceae Acacia curryana P1 Fabaceae Acacia cuspidifolia Fabaceae Acacia cuthbertsonii subsp. cuthbertsonii Fabaceae Acacia cyperophylla var. cyperophylla Fabaceae Acacia fuscaneura Fabaceae Acacia kempeana Fabaceae Acacia macraneura Fabaceae Acacia mulganeura Fabaceae Acacia pruinocarpa Fabaceae Acacia pyrifolia Fabaceae Acacia sclerosperma subsp. sclerosperma

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Introduced Conservation Family Species (weed) status species Fabaceae Acacia sp. Fabaceae Acacia sp. Mulga Paraburdoo (B.R. Maslin et al. BRM9201) Fabaceae Acacia synchronicia Fabaceae Acacia tetragonophylla Fabaceae Acacia xiphophylla Fabaceae Crotalaria cunninghamii Fabaceae Crotalaria medicaginea Fabaceae Cullen cinereum Fabaceae Indigofera chamaeclada Fabaceae Indigofera colutea Fabaceae Indigofera georgei Fabaceae Indigofera monophylla Fabaceae Indigofera sp. Fabaceae Lotus cruentus Fabaceae Petalostylis labicheoides Fabaceae Rhynchosia minima Fabaceae Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii Fabaceae Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii x oligophylla Fabaceae Senna artemisioides subsp. oligophylla Fabaceae Senna artemisioides subsp. x sturtii Fabaceae Senna glutinosa subsp. chatelainiana Fabaceae Senna glutinosa subsp. x luerssenii Fabaceae Senna sp. Fabaceae Senna sp. Meekatharra (E. Bailey 1-26) Fabaceae Senna symonii Fabaceae Sesbania cannabina Fabaceae Tephrosia rosea Fabaceae Tephrosia sp. Fabaceae Vachellia farnesiana * Fabaceae Vigna lanceolata var. lanceolata Frankeniaceae Frankenia hispidula Geraniaceae Erodium cygnorum Goodeniaceae Goodenia forrestii Goodeniaceae Goodenia sp. Goodeniaceae Goodenia tenuiloba Goodeniaceae Goodenia wilunensis Goodeniaceae Scaevola spinescens Loranthaceae Amyema miquelii Malvaceae Abutilon ?lepidum Malvaceae Abutilon fraseri

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Introduced Conservation Family Species (weed) status species Malvaceae Abutilon malvifolium Malvaceae Abutilon otocarpum Malvaceae Abutilon sp. Malvaceae Abutilon sp. Dioicum (A.A. Mitchell PRP 1618) Malvaceae Corchorus ?tridens Malvaceae Corchorus crozophorifolius Malvaceae Corchorus sidoides Malvaceae Corchorus sp. Malvaceae Gossypium australe Malvaceae Hibiscus burtonii Malvaceae Hibiscus sp. Malvaceae Hibiscus sturtii var. forrestii Malvaceae Lawrencia densiflora Malvaceae Malvaceae sp. Malvaceae Malvastrum americanum * Malvaceae Sida fibulifera Malvaceae Sida sp. Malvaceae Sida spinosa Marsileaceae Marsilea hirsuta Montiaceae Calandrinia ?ptychosperma Montiaceae Calandrinia monosperma Montiaceae Calandrinia sp. Myrtaceae Eucalyptus camaldulensis subsp. refulgens Myrtaceae Eucalyptus victrix Nyctaginaceae Boerhavia coccinea Papaveraceae Argemone ochroleuca * Phyllanthaceae Phyllanthus erwinii Plantaginaceae Stemodia grossa Plantaginaceae Stemodia sp. Poaceae Aristida contorta Poaceae Cenchrus ciliaris * Poaceae Cenchrus setiger * Poaceae Chrysopogon fallax Poaceae Cymbopogon ambiguus Poaceae Cymbopogon obtectus Poaceae Cynodon prostratus Poaceae Dactyloctenium radulans Poaceae Dichanthium sericeum Poaceae Digitaria brownii Poaceae Digitaria ctenantha

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Introduced Conservation Family Species (weed) status species Poaceae Enneapogon caerulescens Poaceae Enneapogon cylindricus Poaceae Enteropogon ramosus Poaceae Eragrostis cumingii Poaceae Eragrostis dielsii Poaceae Eragrostis eriopoda Poaceae Eragrostis setifolia Poaceae Eragrostis sp. Poaceae Eragrostis tenellula Poaceae Eriachne aristidea Poaceae Eriachne helmsii Poaceae Eriachne mucronata Poaceae Eriachne pulchella subsp. pulchella Poaceae Eriachne sp. Poaceae Eriochloa pseudoacrotricha Poaceae Eulalia aurea Poaceae Iseilema membranaceum Poaceae Leptochloa digitata Poaceae Paraneurachne muelleri Poaceae Paspalidium basicladum Poaceae Paspalidium clementii Poaceae Perotis rara Poaceae Setaria verticillata * Poaceae Sporobolus australasicus Poaceae Sporobolus blakei# P3 Poaceae Tragus australianus Poaceae Tripogonella loliiformis Polygonaceae Rumex vesicarius * Portulacaceae Portulaca oleracea Primulaceae Lysimachia arvensis * Proteaceae Grevillea berryana Proteaceae Grevillea striata Proteaceae Hakea lorea Proteaceae Hakea preissii Proteaceae Hakea recurva subsp. arida Pteridaceae Cheilanthes lasiophylla Pteridaceae Cheilanthes sieberi subsp. sieberi Pteridaceae Cheilanthes sp. Rubiaceae Psydrax latifolia Rubiaceae Psydrax suaveolens

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Introduced Conservation Family Species (weed) status species Rubiaceae Synaptantha tillaeacea var. tillaeacea Santalaceae Santalum spicatum Sapindaceae Dodonaea pachyneura Scrophulariaceae Eremophila ?youngii Scrophulariaceae Eremophila accrescens Scrophulariaceae Eremophila cuneifolia Scrophulariaceae Eremophila exilifolia Scrophulariaceae Eremophila forrestii Scrophulariaceae Eremophila fraseri subsp. faseri Scrophulariaceae Eremophila latrobei Scrophulariaceae Eremophila oppositifolia subsp. angustifolia Scrophulariaceae Eremophila phyllopoda subsp. phyllopoda Scrophulariaceae Eremophila pterocarpa subsp. pterocarpa Solanaceae Datura leichhardtii * Solanaceae Nicotiana rosulata Solanaceae Solanum horridum Solanaceae Solanum lasiophyllum Solanaceae Solanum octonum P2 Surianaceae Stylobasium spathulatum Zygophyllaceae Roepera kochii Zygophyllaceae Roepera similis Zygophyllaceae Tribulus astrocarpus Zygophyllaceae Tribulus suberosus

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

Appendix F Vegetation community site descriptions

Extent of Number of Mapping Code: AaPoDs survey area 311.3 3 survey sites: mapped (ha) Acacia acradenia, Acacia citrinoviridis, Acacia cuthbertsonii subsp. cuthbertsonii tall open Vegetation community shrubland over Ptilotus obovatus, Trichodesma zeylanicum, Abutilon fraseri mid sparse description: shrubland over Dichanthium sericeum, *Cenchrus ciliaris low sparse grassland and *Bidens bipinnata low isolated forbs. Cleome viscosa, Cucumis variabilis, Dysphania melanocarpa, Dysphania rhadinostachya subsp. Associated species: inflata, Erodium cygnorum, Nicotiana rosulata, Paspalidium clementii, Roepera kochii, Roepera similis, Scaevola spinescens, Trachymene pilbarensis and Tribulus astrocarpus.

Assigned survey sites: ELA22, ELA31, ELA33 Minor drainage Sandy loam, General soil Reddy brown, with Common Common soil type: to open light clay notes: clay elements landform: depression Granite and Outcropping General time Rock Type: ironstone. 0 >20 years (%): since fire: Pebbles General Weeds common, cattle grazing and tracks Good to Very Observations: vegetation throughout Good condition: Average Similarity Average species richness: 36 species 2.11 percentage 31.19 diversity (H’): (SIMPER): Representative plate(s) of vegetation community:

ELA22 ELA31

ELA33

Extent of Number of Mapping Code: AaSaPo survey area 1,721.2 5 survey sites: mapped (ha) Acacia aptaneura, Acacia acradenia, Acacia cuthbertsonii subsp. cuthbertsonii tall sparse Vegetation community shrubland over Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii, Senna artemisioides subsp. oligophylla, description: Acacia synchronicia mid sparse shrubland over Ptilotus obovatus, Solanum lasiophyllum low sparse shrubland and Salsola australis low isolated chenopod shrubs. Acacia macraneura, Angianthus tomentosus, Aristida contorta, *Cenchrus ciliaris, Associated species: Cymbopogon ambiguus, Enneapogon caerulescens, Eremophila cuneifolia, Gomphrena canescens, Maireana triptera, Psydrax latifolia, Rhagodia eremaea and Sclerolaena gardneri.

Assigned survey sites: ELA42, ELA50, ELA51, ELA52, ELA56 Clay loam to General soil Light brown to light Common Rise, upland Common soil type: sandy loam notes: red/brown landform: incised drainage Ironstone Outcropping General time Rock Type: with quartz 0-20 (calcrete) >20 years (%): since fire: and calcrete General Undulating rises, with some incised depressions. Very Good to Observations: vegetation Cattle trails and light grazing Excellent condition: Average Similarity species Average species richness: 12.6 1.48 percentage 42.89 diversity (SIMPER): (H’): Representative plate(s) of vegetation community:

ELA42 ELA50

ELA52 ELA53

Extent of Number of Mapping Code: AcAcCc survey area 1,448.7 6 survey sites: mapped (ha) Acacia cyperophylla var. cyperophylla, Acacia citrinoviridis, Acacia macraneura mid open Vegetation community woodland over Acacia cuthbertsonii subsp. cuthbertsonii, Acacia sclerosperma subsp. description: sclerosperma, Eremophila fraseri subsp. fraseri tall open shrubland over *Cenchrus ciliaris, Eragrostis tenellula, Aristida contorta low open grassland. Amaranthus cuspidifolius, Boerhavia coccinea, Cleome viscosa, Dysphania rhadinostachya Associated species: subsp. inflata, Eragrostis tenellula, Evolvulus alsinoides var. villosicalyx, Gnephosis arachnoidea, Nicotiana rosulata, Trachymene pilbarensis and Trichodesma zeylanicum.

Assigned survey sites: ELA07, ELA15, ELA41, ELA43, ELA46, ELA48 General soil Red brown, creek, Common Minor creekline Common soil type: Sandy loam notes: depositional sand landform: to floodout Ironstone Outcropping General time Rock Type: 0-2 >20 years and quartz (%): since fire: General Some areas have high weed infestation depending on Observations: vegetation Good - Excellent cattle movement and landscape position. condition: Average Similarity species Average species richness: 27.67 1.12 percentage 39.84 diversity (SIMPER): (H’): Representative plate(s) of vegetation community:

ELA07 ELA15

ELA41 ELA48

Extent of Number of Mapping Code: AcSaAc survey area 1,119.4 4 survey sites: mapped (ha) Acacia cuthbertsonii subsp. cuthbertsonii, Acacia tetragonophylla, Acacia acradenia tall sparse Vegetation community shrubland over Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii, Eremophila phyllopoda, Senna glutinosa description: subsp. x luerssenii mid sparse shrubland over Aristida contorta low isolated grasses and Ptilotus obovatus, Solanum lasiophyllum low isolated shrubs. Acacia fuscaneura, Acacia pruinocarpa, Acacia synchronicia, Chrysopogon fallax, Enchylaena Associated species: tomentosa, Eremophila cuneifolia, Eremophila exilifolia, Grevillea berryana, Ptilotus aervoides, Ptilotus roei, Senna artemisioides subsp. oligophylla and Tribulus suberosus.

Assigned survey sites: ELA03, ELA04, ELA76, ELA77 Sandy loam General soil Red/brown with Common Slopes to hill Common soil type: to clay loam notes: pebble cover landform: crests Granite and Outcropping General time Rock Type: ironstone 2-50 >20 years (%): since fire: with quartz Sparse vegetation, generally species poor. Cattle General Very Good to Observations: tracks and light grazing, occasional gibber cover on vegetation Excellent crests. condition: Average Similarity Average species richness: 12 species 1.50 percentage 46.31 diversity (H’): (SIMPER): Representative plate(s) of vegetation community:

ELA03 ELA04

ELA76 ELA77

Extent of Number of Mapping Code: AcSaCc survey area 1,111.1 5 survey sites: mapped (ha) Acacia cuthbertsonii subsp. cuthbertsonii, Acacia xiphophylla, Acacia fuscaneura tall open Vegetation community shrubland over Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii, Acacia synchronicia, Acacia sclerosperma description: subsp. sclerosperma mid sparse shrubland over *Cenchrus ciliaris, Aristida contorta low sparse grassland and Salsola australis low isolated chenopod shrubs. Amaranthus cuspidifolius, Brachyscome iberidifolia, Dysphania rhadinostachya subsp. inflata, Enchylaena tomentosa, Eragrostis eriopoda, Eragrostis tenellula, Eriachne aristidea, Associated species: Phyllanthus erwinii, Portulaca oleracea, Ptilotus helipteroides, Ptilotus obovatus, Rhagodia eremaea, Roepera kochii, Solanum lasiophyllum and Stylobasium spathulatum. Assigned survey sites: ELA25, ELA29, ELA83, ELA89, ELA92 Clay loam to General soil Red/brown with Common Floodouts, open Common soil type: sandy clay notes: shallow cracking landform: depressions Ironstone Outcropping General time Rock Type: pebbles, or 0-5 >20 years (%): since fire: granite wash General Shallow clay crack on open depressions, heavy cattle Very Good to Observations: vegetation grazing and tracks. Weeds common near stations Excellent condition: Average Similarity Average species richness: 26 species 1.65 percentage 31.8 diversity (H’): (SIMPER): Representative plate(s) of vegetation community:

ELA25 ELA29

ELA83 ELA89

Extent of Number of Mapping Code: AcSsCc survey area 1,146.8 9 survey sites: mapped (ha) Acacia citrinoviridis, Acacia cuthbertsonii subsp. cuthbertsonii, Acacia tetragonophylla tall Vegetation community sparse shrubland over Scaevola spinescens, Senna artemisioides subsp. oligophylla, Acacia description: sclerosperma subsp. sclerosperma mid sparse shrubland over *Cenchrus ciliaris, Dactyloctenium radulans, Eragrostis cumingii low open grassland. Acacia aptaneura, Acacia synchronicia, Boerhavia coccinea, Cleome viscosa, Duperreya commixta, Eremophila fraseri, Eriochloa pseudoacrotricha, Eucalyptus victrix, Evolvulus Associated species: alsinoides var. villosicalyx, Indigofera colutea, Lepidium phlebopetalum, Paspalidium clementii, Perotis rara, Portulaca oleracea, Tephrosia rosea and Trichodesma zeylanicum. Assigned survey sites: ELA59, ELA63, ELA66, ELA71, ELA72, ELA74, ELA94, ELA96, ELA100 Sandy loam General soil Red brown, with Common Creek, closed Common soil type: & clay loam notes: compact banks landform: depression Rare granite Outcropping General time Rock Type: 0-2 10 - 20 years washout (%): since fire: General Most areas with very high weed cover, cattle tracks Good to Observations: vegetation and grazing common Excellent condition: Average Similarity Average species richness: 16.7 species 1.12 percentage 41.31 diversity (H’): (SIMPER): Representative plate(s) of vegetation community:

ELA63 ELA66

ELA94 ELA100

Extent of Number of Mapping Code: AmEcPo survey area 737.0 5 survey sites: mapped (ha) Acacia macraneura, Acacia synchronicia, Acacia tetragonophylla tall sparse shrubland over Vegetation community Eremophila cuneifolia, Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii, Acacia curryana (P1) mid sparse description: shrubland over Ptilotus obovatus, Solanum lasiophyllum low sparse shrubland and Aristida contorta low sparse grassland. Acacia xiphophylla, Corchorus crozophorifolius, Enchylaena tomentosa, Enneapogon caerulescens, Euphorbia tannensis subsp. eremophila, Hibiscus sturtii var. forrestii, Associated species: Ptilotus exaltatus, Salsola australis, Scaevola spinescens, Senna artemisioides subsp. oligophylla, Senna glutinosa subsp. x luerssenii and Tripogonella loliiformis. Assigned survey sites: ELA06, ELA10, ELA35, ELA45, ELA47 Sandy loam, General soil Light red/brown, Common Slopes, rises, Common soil type: clay loam notes: calcrete common landform: upland drainage Ironstone Outcropping General time Rock Type: with quartz, 2-10 >20 years (%): since fire: calcrete General Calcrete rock fragments and occasional gibber Very Good to Observations: vegetation stones, cattle tracks. Supports Acacia curryana (P1) Excellent condition: Average Similarity Average species richness: 19.4 species 1.55 percentage 43.29 diversity (H’): (SIMPER): Representative plate(s) of vegetation community:

ELA06 ELA35

ELA45 ELA47

Extent of Number of Mapping Code: ApDpCc survey area 75.8 1 survey sites: mapped (ha) Acacia pruinocarpa, Acacia citrinoviridis, Acacia tetragonophylla tall open shrubland over Vegetation community Dodonaea pachyneura, Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii, Senna glutinosa subsp. x luerssenii description: mid sparse shrubland over *Cenchrus ciliaris, Cymbopogon ambiguus low open grassland and Solanum lasiophyllum low sparse shrubland. Abutilon ?lepidum, Boerhavia coccinea, Bulbostylis barbata, Cheilanthes lasiophylla, Cleome viscosa, Cyperus cunninghamii subsp. cunninghamii, Dysphania rhadinostachya subsp. inflata, Associated species: Enneapogon cylindricus, Gomphrena affinis subsp. pilbarensis, Phyllanthus erwinii, Polycarpaea corymbosa, Sclerolaena cuneata and Trachymene pilbarensis. Assigned survey sites: ELA90 General soil Red/brown soil on Common Common soil type: Clay loam Outcrop notes: outcrop landform: Granite with Outcropping General time Rock Type: >80 >20 years quartz (%): since fire: General High weed cover, cattle and kangaroo grazing. Blocky Observations: vegetation Very Good outcrop south of alignment – just in buffer condition: Average Similarity Average species richness: N/A species N/A percentage N/A diversity (H’): (SIMPER): Representative plate(s) of vegetation community:

ELA90

Extent of Number of Mapping Code: AsEcAc survey area 450.6 1 survey sites: mapped (ha) Acacia synchronicia, Acacia tetragonophylla tall isolated shrubs over Eremophila cuneifolia, Vegetation community Senna sp. Meekatharra (E. Bailey 1-26), Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii mid isolated shrubs description: over Atriplex codonocarpa, Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa, Sclerolaena densiflora low isolated chenopod shrubs. Amaranthus cuspidifolius, Aristida contorta, *Cenchrus ciliaris, Cleome viscosa, Enneapogon caerulescens, Enteropogon ramosus, Eragrostis dielsii, Eragrostis tenellula, Erymophyllum Associated species: ramosum subsp. ramosum, Lepidium phlebopetalum, Lepidium platypetalum, Ptilotus helipteroides, Roepera kochii, Salsola australis and Sclerolaena densiflora. Assigned survey sites: ELA73 General soil Common Centralised Common soil type: Clayey loam Red/brown sand notes: landform: drainage Calcrete and Outcropping General time Rock Type: <2 >20 years quartz (%): since fire: Light grazing and cattle tracks. Centralised drainage General Observations: zone, with depositional (deep) clayey loam. Lots of vegetation Very Good chenopods. Shallow internal drainage channels condition: Average Similarity Average species richness: N/A species N/A percentage N/A diversity (H’): (SIMPER): Representative plate(s) of vegetation community:

ELA73

Extent of Number of Mapping Code: AsEcPo survey area 3,717.0 11 survey sites: mapped (ha) Acacia synchronicia, Acacia xiphophylla, Acacia tetragonophylla tall sparse shrubland over Vegetation community Eremophila cuneifolia, Senna artemisioides subsp. oligophylla, Senna artemisioides subsp. description: helmsii mid sparse shrubland over Ptilotus obovatus, Solanum lasiophyllum low sparse shrubland and Maireana triptera low isolated chenopod shrubs. Acacia mulganeura, Aristida contorta, Enchylaena tomentosa, Enneapogon caerulescens, Enneapogon cylindricus, Enteropogon ramosus, Eremophea spinosa, Hakea preissii, Lepidium Associated species: phlebopetalum, Maireana pyramidata, Rhagodia eremaea, Roepera kochii, Scaevola spinescens, Sclerolaena densiflora, Sclerolaena diacantha and Tripogonella loliiformis. Assigned survey sites: ELA01, ELA23, ELA26, ELA34, ELA40, ELA62, ELA64, ELA65, ELA78, ELA84, ELA93 Sandy loam, General soil Orange/brown to Common Common soil type: Flats to low rises clayey loam notes: red brown. Gibber landform: Quartz with Outcropping General time Rock Type: 0-10 >20 years ironstone (%): since fire: General Light grazing, few weeds. Gibber stone/pebble cover Observations: vegetation Excellent common. Community widespread condition: Average Similarity Average species richness: 17.1 species 1.79 percentage 47.35 diversity (H’): (SIMPER): Representative plate(s) of vegetation community:

ELA23 ELA40

ELA78 ELA84

Extent of Number of Mapping Code: AsSaAc survey area 1,849.9 7 survey sites: mapped (ha) Acacia synchronicia, Acacia mulganeura, Acacia tetragonophylla tall sparse shrubland over Vegetation community Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii, Eremophila cuneifolia, Scaevola spinescens mid sparse description: shrubland over Solanum lasiophyllum, Ptilotus obovatus low isolated shrubs and Aristida contorta low isolated grasses. Angianthus milnei, Boerhavia coccinea, *Cenchrus ciliaris, Eremophila fraseri, Eremophila phyllopoda subsp. phyllopoda, Evolvulus alsinoides var. villosicalyx, Gomphrena canescens, Associated species: Grevillea berryana, Hakea preissii, Maireana triptera, Roepera kochii, Salsola australis, Senna artemisioides subsp. oligophylla and Sclerolaena densiflora. Assigned survey sites: ELA67, ELA68, ELA69, ELA70, ELA75, ELA79, ELA80 Sandy loam, General soil Red/orange brown, Common Flats to lower Common soil type: clayey loam notes: stony, fragments landform: slopes Granite, high Outcropping General time Rock Type: quartz cover, 0-20 10-20 years (%): since fire: conglomerate Light grazing and cattle tracks. Very sparse General Very Good to Observations: vegetation. Occasional pockets of ironstone rock vegetation Excellent fragments and/or stones condition: Average Similarity Average species richness: 14.6 species 1.59 percentage 50.55 diversity (H’): (SIMPER): Representative plate(s) of vegetation community:

ELA67 ELA70

ELA79 ELA80

Extent of Number of Mapping Code: AtEeAc survey area 2,678.2 7 survey sites: mapped (ha) Acacia tetragonophylla, Acacia curryana (P1), Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii tall sparse Vegetation community shrubland over Eremophila exilifolia, Solanum lasiophyllum, Corchorus crozophorifolius mid description: sparse shrubland over Aristida contorta, Tripogonella loliiformis low isolated grasses and Indigofera chamaeclada low isolated shrubs. Acacia bivenosa, Acacia mulganeura, Cymbopogon ambiguus, Dysphania rhadinostachya subsp. inflata, Enneapogon cylindricus, Eragrostis tenellula, Eremophila fraseri, Eremophila Associated species: phyllopoda subsp. phyllopoda, Hibiscus sturtii var. forrestii, Portulaca oleracea, Senna artemisioides subsp. oligophylla, Senna glutinosa subsp. x luerssenii and Wurmbea inflata. Assigned survey sites: ELA05, ELA11, ELA12, ELA13, ELA16, ELA17, ELA49 Clayey loam, General soil Red brown, clay Common Common soil type: Hills and rises sandy loam notes: elements and stony landform: Quartz, Outcropping General time Rock Type: conglomerate, 2-50 >20 years (%): since fire: ironstone Light grazing and cattle tracks. Dense quartz cover, General Very Good to Observations: gibber like. Some areas with more blocky granite. vegetation Excellent Supports Acacia curryana (P1). condition: Average Similarity Average species richness: 18.1 species 1.31 percentage 46.37 diversity (H’): (SIMPER): Representative plate(s) of vegetation community:

ELA05 ELA12

ELA16 ELA49

Extent of Number of Mapping Code: AxEcPo survey area 4,162.6 14 survey sites: mapped (ha) Acacia xiphophylla, Acacia synchronicia, Acacia tetragonophylla tall sparse shrubland over Vegetation community Eremophila cuneifolia, Senna symonii, Senna artemisioides subsp. oligophylla mid sparse description: shrubland over Ptilotus obovatus low sparse shrubland and Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa, Eremophea spinosa low isolated chenopod shrubs. Acacia aptaneura, Cynodon prostratus, Hakea preissii, Lawrencia densiflora, Lepidium phlebopetalum, Maireana triptera, Marsdenia australis, Rhagodia eremaea, Salsola australis, Associated species: Scaevola spinescens, Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii x oligophylla, Senna glutinosa subsp. chatelainiana, Senna glutinosa subsp. x luerssenii and Solanum lasiophyllum. ELA08, ELA09, ELA18, ELA20, ELA21, ELA24, ELA27, ELA30, ELA32, ELA36, ELA44, ELA58, Assigned survey sites: ELA85, ELA88 Clayey loam, General soil Pale red/orange Common Gentle rises to Common soil type: sandy loam notes: brown. Gritty soil landform: hills Calcrete, Outcropping General time Rock Type: ironstone 0-20 >20 years (%): since fire: with quartz Light grazing and cattle tracks. Infrequent weeds. General Very Good to Observations: Some areas with lots of surface calcrete. Very stony. vegetation Excellent Sparse shrubs, very common vegetation type. condition: Average Similarity Average species richness: 17.36 species 1.8 percentage 43.02 diversity (H’): (SIMPER): Representative plate(s) of vegetation community:

ELA09 ELA27

ELA32 ELA88

Extent of Number of Mapping Code: AxSaEt survey area 414.6 5 survey sites: mapped (ha) Acacia xiphophylla, Acacia synchronicia, Acacia tetragonophylla tall sparse shrubland over Vegetation community Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii, Eremophila cuneifolia, Stylobasium spathulatum mid description: sparse shrubland over Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa low isolated chenopod shrubs and *Cenchrus ciliaris, Aristida contorta low sparse grassland. Acacia citrinoviridis, Acacia cuthbertsonii subsp. cuthbertsonii, Acacia sclerosperma subsp. sclerosperma, Boerhavia coccinea, Corchorus crozophorifolius, Eremophila fraseri, Eremophila Associated species: oppositifolia subsp. angustifolia, Euphorbia biconvexa, Rhagodia eremaea, Salsola australis, Scaevola spinescens, Senna symonii and Tribulus astrocarpus. Assigned survey sites: ELA81, ELA95, ELA97, ELA98, ELA99 Clayey loam, General soil Light brown orange Common Flats to upland Common soil type: light clay notes: /brown, some stone landform: depressions Calcrete, Outcropping General time Rock Type: ironstone 0-2 >20 years (%): since fire: with quartz Grazing and cattle tracks. Cenchrus common in more General Degraded to Observations: closed flow areas and near infrastructure. Clearing vegetation Very Good and dumping near homestead. condition: Average Similarity Average species richness: 16.2 species 1.57 percentage 50.24 diversity (H’): (SIMPER): Representative plate(s) of vegetation community:

ELA95 ELA97

ELA98 ELA99

Extent of Number of Mapping Code: EcCcCv survey area 781.5 6 survey sites: mapped (ha) Eucalyptus camaldulensis subsp. refulgens, Eucalyptus victrix mid woodland over Acacia Vegetation community citrinoviridis, Acacia coriacea subsp. pendens low woodland over Crotalaria cunninghamii, description: Sesbania cannabina, Acacia pyrifolia mid sparse shrubland over Cyperus vaginatus low sparse sedgeland and *Cenchrus ciliaris, Paspalidium basicladum low sparse grassland. Amaranthus cuspidifolius, Cleome viscosa, Cucumis variabilis, Duperreya commixta, Dysphania rhadinostachya subsp. inflata, Euphorbia tannensis subsp. eremophila, Associated species: Heliotropium europaeum, Ipomoea muelleri, Lepidium phlebopetalum, Nicotiana rosulata, Pluchea dentex, Pterocaulon sphacelatum, Stemodia grossa and Trachymene pilbarensis. Assigned survey sites: ELA38, ELA54, ELA55, ELA61, ELA82, ELA91 Sandy bed, General soil Light river sand with Common Common soil type: Macro channel clay banks notes: red clayey banks landform: Occasional Outcropping General time Rock Type: 0 10-20 years river stones (%): since fire: Dense weed cover, heavy cattle grazing and tracks. General Good to Very Observations: Mostly bare riverbeds with deep sand, with clayey vegetation Good banks supporting vegetation. Variable vegetation. condition: Average Similarity Average species richness: 24.2 species 1.55 percentage 39.08 diversity (H’): (SIMPER): Representative plate(s) of vegetation community:

ELA38 ELA54

ELA61 ELA82

Extent of Number of Mapping Code: EfAmAc survey area 806.6 3 survey sites: mapped (ha) Eremophila fraseri subsp. fraseri, Acacia mulganeura, Acacia tetragonophylla tall sparse Vegetation community shrubland over Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii, Scaevola spinescens, Stylobasium description: spathulatum mid sparse shrubland over Salsola australis, Maireana triptera low isolated chenopod shrubs and Aristida contorta low sparse grassland. Acacia aptaneura, Acacia pruinocarpa, Boerhavia coccinea, Dactyloctenium radulans, Dysphania rhadinostachya subsp. inflata, Eragrostis tenellula, Euphorbia boophthona, Associated species: Evolvulus alsinoides, Helipterum craspedioides, Indigofera chamaeclada, Ptilotus obovatus, Rhagodia eremaea, Senna artemisioides subsp. oligophylla and Tripogonella loliiformis. Assigned survey sites: ELA14, ELA57, ELA60 Sandy loam General soil Red brown with Common Common soil type: Flats to clay loam notes: small pebbles landform: Underlying Outcropping General time Rock type: 0-10 >20 years granite (%): since fire: General Light grazing and minor cattle tracks. Few weeds, Observations: vegetation Excellent only in localised depressions. E. fraseri common condition: Average Similarity Average species richness: 22 species 2.23 percentage 49.17 diversity (H’): (SIMPER): Representative plate(s) of vegetation community:

ELA14 ELA57

ELA60

Extent of Number of Mapping Code: EvAfCc survey area 327.5 5 survey sites: mapped (ha) Eucalyptus victrix, Acacia citrinoviridis, Acacia coriacea subsp. pendens low open woodland Vegetation community over Abutilon fraseri, Rhagodia eremaea, Ptilotus obovatus mid sparse shrubland over description: *Cenchrus ciliaris low open grassland, Dysphania melanocarpa low sparse chenopod shrubland and Phyllanthus erwinii low sparse forbland. Amaranthus cuspidifolius, Brachyscome iberidifolia, Calandrinia monosperma, Convolvulus clementii, Duperreya commixta, Dysphania melanocarpa, Euphorbia coghlanii, Lepidium Associated species: phlebopetalum, Marsilea hirsuta, Nicotiana rosulata, Paspalidium clementii, Petalostylis labicheoides, Portulaca oleracea, Roepera kochii, Roepera similis and Trachymene pilbarensis. Assigned survey sites: ELA02, ELA19, ELA28, ELA86, ELA87 Sand and, General soil Light brown creek Common Common soil type: Drainage line clayey loam notes: bed, darker banks landform: Some Outcropping General time Rock Type: 0-10 >20 years granite slabs (%): since fire: High weed density, heavy grazing and lots of cattle. General Good to Very Observations: Some areas have exposed granite in creek bed. vegetation Good Incised creeks to more open drainage channels condition: Average Similarity Average species richness: 42.6 species 1.65 percentage 43.2 diversity (H’): (SIMPER): Representative plate(s) of vegetation community:

ELA02 ELA19

ELA28 ELA87

Extent of Number of Mapping Code: EvAsSa survey area 825.1 3 survey sites: mapped (ha) Eucalyptus victrix, Acacia citrinoviridis, Grevillea striata low isolated trees over Acacia Vegetation community sclerosperma subsp. sclerosperma, Acacia sp. Mulga Paraburdoo (B.R. Maslin et al. BRM9201), description: Acacia synchronicia tall sparse shrubland over Salsola australis low isolated chenopods shrubs and Solanum lasiophyllum, Ptilotus obovatus low isolated shrubs. *Asphodelus fistulosus, *Bidens bipinnata, Enneapogon caerulescens, Eragrostis tenellula, Hakea recurva, Indigofera colutea, *Lysimachia arvensis, *Malvastrum americanum, Associated species: Nicotiana rosulata, Portulaca oleracea, Rhagodia eremaea, Senna artemisioides subsp. helmsii, Stylobasium spathulatum, Tephrosia rosea and Tribulus astrocarpus. Assigned survey sites: ELA37, ELA39, ELA53 General soil Compact red brown Common Flood outs, Common soil type: Clayey loam notes: clayey soil landform: open depression Outcropping General time Rock Type: N/A N/A >20 years (%): since fire: General High density of weeds, heavy grazing and cattle Observations: vegetation Good tracks. Compact hard surface, flood-out zones condition: Average Similarity Average species richness: 19 species 1.4 percentage 50.64 diversity (H’): (SIMPER): Representative plate(s) of vegetation community:

ELA37 ELA39

ELA53

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

Appendix G Locations of conservation significant flora within the Project Area (ELA)

Number of Species Easting Northing Area Individuals Acacia curryana (P1) 421866 7352618 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421843 7352616 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421850 7352581 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421964 7352636 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421911 7352686 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421871 7352710 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421838 7352752 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421781 7352749 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421702 7352545 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421449 7352484 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421099 7352220 200 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420815 7352003 40 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420353 7351940 220 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420097 7351938 350 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418765 7351573 350 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418608 7351628 200 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421051 7352112 30 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415888 7350931 8 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 394811 7348422 7 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 380074 7348008 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421051 7352112 30 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415888 7350931 8 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 394811 7348422 7 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 380074 7348008 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 414828 7351069 7 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415375 7351062 14 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415444 7351075 8 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415498 7351068 7 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415746 7351016 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415837 7350958 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415911 7350928 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416156 7350859 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416197 7350857 6 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416235 7350872 2 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416286 7350891 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416604 7351015 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416940 7351243 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416950 7351272 9 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416970 7351302 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417023 7351329 2 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

Number of Species Easting Northing Area Individuals Acacia curryana (P1) 417065 7351335 9 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417117 7351340 2 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417175 7351342 11 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417219 7351350 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417285 7351365 8 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417318 7351377 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417370 7351384 8 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417418 7351387 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418472 7351575 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418505 7351570 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418567 7351606 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418611 7351618 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418703 7351633 9 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418747 7351643 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418787 7351649 17 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418828 7351653 6 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418877 7351655 8 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418920 7351655 2 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418944 7351655 8 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 419000 7351662 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 419103 7351682 0 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 419279 7351696 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 419350 7351695 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 419906 7351768 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 419961 7351784 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420025 7351797 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420060 7351807 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420091 7351813 11 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420126 7351821 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420189 7351838 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420247 7351874 2 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420303 7351915 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420242 7351940 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420214 7351931 7 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420191 7351912 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420155 7351897 6 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420123 7351884 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420091 7351873 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420063 7351873 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420034 7351862 11 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 419992 7351856 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 419952 7351843 6 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 419239 7351757 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 419101 7351753 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

Number of Species Easting Northing Area Individuals Acacia curryana (P1) 418942 7351721 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418907 7351721 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418878 7351708 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418830 7351699 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418787 7351700 7 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418748 7351700 11 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418701 7351679 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418662 7351672 2 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418618 7351668 13 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418570 7351660 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418541 7351650 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417474 7351462 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417440 7351458 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417315 7351442 6 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417281 7351429 11 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417250 7351411 8 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417152 7351406 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417117 7351406 8 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417085 7351400 6 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417034 7351386 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417001 7351379 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416950 7351366 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416927 7351353 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416843 7351281 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416344 7350999 9 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416182 7350914 12 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416106 7350934 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415780 7351081 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415398 7351120 12 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415352 7351125 6 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 414771 7351045 16 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 414837 7351030 12 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415423 7351042 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415483 7351042 9 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415725 7350995 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415797 7350951 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415894 7350894 9 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415944 7350888 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416138 7350832 8 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416184 7350815 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416232 7350832 11 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416867 7351156 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416945 7351214 12 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416978 7351262 22 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

Number of Species Easting Northing Area Individuals Acacia curryana (P1) 417016 7351296 7 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417073 7351322 6 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417145 7351303 25 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417199 7351315 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417301 7351320 19 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417362 7351348 11 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418474 7351539 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418618 7351581 17 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418697 7351599 27 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418757 7351611 58 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418829 7351624 45 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418922 7351613 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 419018 7351628 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 419126 7351639 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 419368 7351670 2 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 419908 7351737 8 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 419980 7351742 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420207 7351806 6 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420295 7351963 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420226 7351964 22 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420164 7351941 9 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420082 7351918 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420042 7351901 23 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 419968 7351872 14 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 419895 7351856 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 419267 7351777 11 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 419091 7351777 9 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 419023 7351757 35 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418950 7351760 14 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418881 7351741 26 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418800 7351741 34 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418707 7351731 6 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418608 7351676 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 418487 7351661 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417453 7351499 9 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417397 7351472 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417338 7351474 23 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417284 7351456 8 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417217 7351453 17 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417151 7351432 29 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417085 7351432 23 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 417013 7351416 26 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416933 7351404 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416883 7351369 6 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

Number of Species Easting Northing Area Individuals Acacia curryana (P1) 416405 7351077 6 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416354 7351051 7 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416301 7351024 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416237 7350962 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416192 7350942 18 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416128 7350964 16 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 416045 7351008 9 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415952 7351055 14 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415835 7351107 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415729 7351123 2 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415664 7351147 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415585 7351153 6 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415535 7351163 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415445 7351153 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415389 7351160 8 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 415305 7351164 26 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421711 7352727 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421960 7352593 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421379 7352298 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421087 7352028 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421051 7352015 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420900 7352133 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421122 7352212 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421664 7352542 12 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421271 7352159 12 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421776 7352725 12 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421977 7352602 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421900 7352595 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421570 7352504 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421341 7352242 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421142 7352244 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421744 7352723 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 422080 7352769 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 422147 7352789 16 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421999 7352608 2 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421914 7352593 2 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421740 7352561 2 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421223 7352098 2 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420540 7352031 2 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421253 7352351 2 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421483 7352618 2 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421579 7352672 2 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421940 7352750 2 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421931 7352588 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

Number of Species Easting Northing Area Individuals Acacia curryana (P1) 421026 7352011 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421462 7352587 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421595 7352525 22 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421540 7352470 25 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420542 7351897 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420849 7352116 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421382 7352507 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421496 7352637 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421841 7352739 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421850 7352585 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421518 7352449 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420599 7352052 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420875 7352108 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421053 7352171 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421513 7352653 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421156 7352057 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421134 7352049 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420797 7352110 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420979 7352158 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421414 7352538 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421604 7352681 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421665 7352698 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421866 7352736 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 422115 7352786 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421865 7352598 7 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421095 7352182 7 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421915 7352749 7 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421765 7352563 8 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421350 7352261 8 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421246 7352123 8 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421009 7352167 8 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421640 7352698 8 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421809 7352730 8 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420984 7351994 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420507 7352026 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421397 7352527 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 422621 7352750 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421708 7352556 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 422620 7352708 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420939 7352145 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421070 7352024 2 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421693 7352549 25 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421314 7352211 25 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 422600 7352708 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

Number of Species Easting Northing Area Individuals Acacia curryana (P1) 422071 7352629 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 422008 7352609 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421634 7352535 30 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 422590 7352737 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 422571 7352716 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 422556 7352691 6 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421588 7352567 41 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421620 7352577 39 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421558 7352549 35 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420998 7352052 30 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420904 7352090 30 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421161 7352186 30 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421509 7352585 30 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421532 7352610 30 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421565 7352618 30 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421411 7352397 26 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421110 7352137 25 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421630 7352650 25 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421504 7352500 23 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421909 7352637 22 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421241 7352200 22 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421980 7352649 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421437 7352421 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421197 7352139 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421167 7352111 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421101 7352085 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421062 7352073 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420847 7352016 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420779 7352002 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421012 7352112 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421075 7352135 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421143 7352159 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421190 7352202 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421212 7352228 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421422 7352496 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421596 7352629 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421664 7352650 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421697 7352662 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421781 7352682 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421846 7352686 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421952 7352641 18 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421535 7352521 18 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421868 7352638 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421660 7352578 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

Number of Species Easting Northing Area Individuals Acacia curryana (P1) 421265 7352230 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421028 7352065 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420819 7352005 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420744 7351988 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421317 7352368 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421378 7352429 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421399 7352460 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421454 7352528 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421743 7352682 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421881 7352700 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421918 7352706 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421720 7352615 13 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421217 7352166 12 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421295 7352337 12 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421825 7352625 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421447 7352451 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421362 7352336 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421317 7352285 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421134 7352100 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420879 7352026 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420778 7352065 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420827 7352064 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420866 7352070 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420977 7352111 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421046 7352125 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421230 7352264 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421344 7352399 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421491 7352560 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421818 7352684 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 422138 7352737 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 422120 7352709 9 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 422085 7352719 9 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421387 7352366 9 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421289 7352260 8 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 422117 7352682 7 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421700 7352596 7 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421335 7352319 6 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 422572 7352753 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421474 7352474 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420712 7351981 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421269 7352312 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 421952 7352702 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420681 7351960 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 422060 7352735 4 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

Number of Species Easting Northing Area Individuals Acacia curryana (P1) 422592 7352762 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 422560 7352733 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420364 7351944 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 422104 7352734 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 422569 7352779 2 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420349 7351868 2 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 422544 7352758 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 422097 7352671 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 422032 7352665 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420586 7352015 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 420596 7352021 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 422177 7352743 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Acacia curryana (P1) 375842 7347700 17 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 421896 7352563 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 421934 7352548 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 421966 7352541 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 421988 7352567 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 421748 7352776 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 421608 7352494 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 421155 7352329 50 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 419353 7351619 60 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 418880 7351502 160 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 421218 7352458 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 417163 7351231 18 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 394563 7348431 10 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 375821 7347620 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 375032 7347773 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 421218 7352458 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 417163 7351231 18 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 394563 7348431 10 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 375821 7347620 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 375032 7347773 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425404 7353618 25 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428302 7354640 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428276 7354588 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428234 7354533 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427955 7354308 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427838 7354299 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428457 7354254 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427916 7354132 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428231 7354147 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427813 7353708 13 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427710 7353657 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424954 7353581 2 Project Area

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

Number of Species Easting Northing Area Individuals Acacia curryana (P1) 424972 7353549 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424992 7353533 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425042 7353534 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425076 7353521 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425378 7353419 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425404 7353409 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425436 7353394 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428433 7354470 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428346 7354501 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428326 7354499 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428246 7354484 7 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428192 7354480 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428328 7354462 10 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428361 7354468 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428394 7354455 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428414 7354449 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428409 7354438 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428412 7354426 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428420 7354421 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428448 7354437 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428468 7354390 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428422 7354389 11 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428407 7354384 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428326 7354385 6 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428294 7354379 8 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428347 7354359 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428415 7354359 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428441 7354359 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427784 7354031 7 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427909 7354039 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428086 7354039 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428564 7354013 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428265 7353999 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428243 7353989 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427710 7353943 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427732 7353943 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428250 7353943 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428306 7353944 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428510 7353928 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428548 7353896 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428521 7353890 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428248 7353892 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427973 7353908 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427692 7353885 1 Project Area

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

Number of Species Easting Northing Area Individuals Acacia curryana (P1) 427665 7353865 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427665 7353845 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427871 7353861 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428193 7353833 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428231 7353825 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427711 7353775 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427591 7353735 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427672 7353742 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427718 7353744 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427741 7353751 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427772 7353747 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427796 7353754 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427807 7353760 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427850 7353763 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427244 7352905 15 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427278 7352905 18 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427308 7352899 14 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427425 7352942 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427344 7352964 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427903 7353104 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427998 7353138 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428303 7354645 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427416 7354542 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427832 7354288 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428504 7354327 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 428283 7353790 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424840 7353537 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424920 7353535 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424968 7353523 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425041 7353538 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425088 7353543 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425115 7353547 6 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425154 7353531 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425225 7353536 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425255 7353535 7 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425318 7353534 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425341 7353537 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425382 7353551 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425425 7353557 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425484 7353539 7 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425512 7353495 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425425 7353493 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425393 7353492 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425367 7353494 7 Project Area

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

Number of Species Easting Northing Area Individuals Acacia curryana (P1) 425065 7353490 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424985 7353481 8 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424890 7353425 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424932 7353439 11 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425415 7353444 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425516 7353440 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425433 7353391 6 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 414857 7350978 28 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 414902 7350928 30 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 415691 7350970 6 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 415820 7350901 10 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424901 7353748 12 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425001 7353766 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425257 7353740 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425375 7353740 7 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425648 7353748 11 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425700 7353751 8 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425747 7353737 9 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425739 7353665 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425461 7353695 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425195 7353685 8 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425153 7353666 9 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425016 7353682 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424926 7353698 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424893 7353641 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424914 7353627 6 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425131 7353631 13 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425410 7353614 27 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425445 7353647 6 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425492 7353652 18 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425520 7353569 6 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425460 7353584 19 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425355 7353576 20 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425297 7353581 12 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425247 7353565 17 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425147 7353581 9 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425076 7353591 12 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424990 7353596 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424944 7353582 7 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424809 7353603 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424758 7353600 6 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424786 7353649 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424835 7353733 8 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424761 7353755 6 Project Area

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

Number of Species Easting Northing Area Individuals Acacia curryana (P1) 424835 7353797 9 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424891 7353824 11 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 422004 7352589 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427466 7354736 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427188 7354739 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427345 7354845 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427209 7354700 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427377 7354691 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427450 7354685 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427258 7354742 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427693 7354849 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427340 7354738 15 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425280 7353338 15 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427625 7354851 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427368 7354741 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427478 7354845 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427290 7354788 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427522 7354792 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427394 7354739 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427240 7354743 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427160 7354810 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427598 7354842 6 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427168 7354791 6 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425239 7353343 6 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425315 7353339 7 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427168 7354838 8 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427450 7354733 9 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424931 7353850 25 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425047 7353844 25 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425134 7353842 20 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425724 7353836 20 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425120 7353789 20 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425590 7353899 19 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427450 7354993 17 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425092 7353847 17 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427569 7354989 15 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427410 7354946 15 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424961 7353957 15 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425656 7353849 15 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425014 7353840 14 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427530 7354993 13 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427449 7354951 13 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425155 7353791 13 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425565 7353924 12 Project Area

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

Number of Species Easting Northing Area Individuals Acacia curryana (P1) 427407 7354991 11 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427622 7354938 11 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427737 7354894 11 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424976 7353840 11 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425698 7353855 11 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425690 7353788 11 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425052 7353792 11 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427487 7354935 10 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425061 7353887 10 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425659 7353784 10 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425085 7353789 10 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424914 7353794 10 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427385 7354941 9 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425380 7353786 9 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427300 7354935 8 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427375 7354890 8 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427689 7354899 8 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425624 7353851 8 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427413 7354891 7 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425024 7353888 7 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425178 7353796 7 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427505 7354996 6 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427691 7354934 6 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427166 7354895 6 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425041 7353993 6 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425011 7353792 6 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427255 7354936 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427295 7354881 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425130 7354035 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425499 7353925 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425502 7353884 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425561 7353796 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424974 7353803 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424945 7353797 5 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427359 7354983 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427515 7354940 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427539 7354900 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425094 7354052 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424994 7353940 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425465 7353922 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425128 7353901 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425446 7353856 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425485 7353857 4 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425267 7353813 4 Project Area

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

Number of Species Easting Northing Area Individuals Acacia curryana (P1) 427387 7354973 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427701 7354992 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427570 7354947 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427336 7354879 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425066 7353945 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425186 7353955 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425157 7353903 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425172 7353838 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425203 7353839 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425742 7353797 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425580 7353799 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425446 7353785 3 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427816 7354942 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427344 7354941 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427482 7354891 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425145 7353983 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424973 7353974 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425132 7353928 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425528 7353879 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425295 7353859 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425390 7353822 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425433 7353841 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425336 7353792 2 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427374 7354972 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427485 7355001 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427198 7354884 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427251 7354895 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427444 7354888 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427478 7354894 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427621 7354893 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427645 7354889 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427792 7354905 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 427821 7354877 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425252 7353991 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425229 7354004 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425007 7353986 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 424983 7353981 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425332 7353952 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425481 7353927 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425568 7353905 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425427 7353882 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425385 7353874 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425378 7353876 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425286 7353850 1 Project Area

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

Number of Species Easting Northing Area Individuals Acacia curryana (P1) 425372 7353831 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425465 7353852 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425518 7353840 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425498 7353774 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425463 7353795 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425434 7353807 1 Project Area Acacia curryana (P1) 425417 7353800 1 Project Area Gymnanthera 350651 7338879 2 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure cunninghamii (P3) Solanum octonum (P2) 407554 7352247 2 Project Area Solanum octonum (P2) 395064 7348332 1 Project Area Solanum octonum (P2) 410409 7353304 14 Project Area Sporobolus blakei (P3) 416582 7351095 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 416533 7351066 1 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 416676 7351171 9 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 416656 7351153 6 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 416591 7351113 15 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 416553 7351089 8 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 420720 7352089 8 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 421673 7352725 2 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 421970 7352757 3 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 423826 7352867 40 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 423810 7352867 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 423791 7352899 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 421674 7352732 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 423766 7352931 100 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 420664 7351969 50 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 423831 7353016 50 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 422007 7352709 30 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 423705 7353017 30 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 423752 7352982 30 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 425594 7353186 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 423753 7352947 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 422233 7352779 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 422204 7352718 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 420725 7352076 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 420733 7352084 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 423739 7352976 20 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 425589 7353178 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 425605 7353213 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 425574 7353151 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 423793 7352944 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 423764 7352973 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 422216 7352763 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

Number of Species Easting Northing Area Individuals Sporobolus blakei (P3) 422239 7352714 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 421734 7352637 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 420678 7351993 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 420700 7352051 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 421710 7352682 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 421995 7352719 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 423742 7352991 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 424371 7353232 10 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 423809 7352938 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 422273 7352774 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 422007 7352697 5 Approved Infrastructure Corridor Tenure Sporobolus blakei (P3) 425822 7354516 1 Project Area Sporobolus blakei (P3) 425933 7353966 20 Project Area Sporobolus blakei (P3) 428311 7353589 30 Project Area Sporobolus blakei (P3) 428316 7353591 20 Project Area Sporobolus blakei (P3) 428345 7353605 20 Project Area Sporobolus blakei (P3) 428338 7353601 10 Project Area Sporobolus blakei (P3) 428146 7353491 10 Project Area Sporobolus blakei (P3) 428333 7353605 2 Project Area Sporobolus blakei (P3) 428314 7353578 20 Project Area Sporobolus blakei (P3) 428168 7353499 25 Project Area Sporobolus blakei (P3) 428327 7353601 30 Project Area Sporobolus blakei (P3) 428127 7353484 30 Project Area Sporobolus blakei (P3) 422248 7352622 5 Project Area Sporobolus blakei (P3) 428324 7353590 50 Project Area Sporobolus blakei (P3) 423691 7353032 10 Project Area

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

Appendix H Hierarchical clustering dendrogram

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

Appendix I Fauna species list

Type Scientific name Common name Evidence type Bird Acanthiza chrysorrhoa Yellow-rumped Thornbill Heard Bird Anas gracilis Grey Teal Obserbed Bird Anas superciliosa Pacific Black Duck Observed Bird Anhinga novaehollandiae Australasian Darter Observed Bird Aquila audax Wedge-tailed Eagle Observed Bird Ardea modesta Eastern Great Egret Observed Bird Ardea pacifica White-necked Heron Observed Bird Ardeotis australis Australian Bustard Observed Bird Artamus cinereus Black-faced Woodswallow Observed Bird Artamus leucorynchus White-breasted Woodswallow Observed Bird Artamus personatus Masked Woodswallow Observed Bird Barnardius zonarius Australian Ringneck Observed Bird Cacatua sanguinea Little Corella Observed Bird Acanthiza robustirostris Slaty-backed Thornbill Observed Bird Certhionyx variegatus Pied Honeyeater Heard Bird Chalcites basalis Horsfield's Bronze-Cuckoo Observed Bird Chalcites osculans Black-eared Cuckoo Observed Bird Chenonetta jubata Australian Wood Duck Observed Bird Cheramoeca leucosterna White-backed Swallow Observed Bird Cinclosoma castaneothorax Chestnut-breasted Quail-thrush Observed Bird Coracina novaehollandiae Black-faced Cuckoo-shrike Observed Bird Corvus bennetti Little Crow Observed Bird Corvus coronoides Australian Raven Observed Bird Cracticus nigrogularis Pied Butcherbird Observed Bird Cracticus torquats Grey Butcherbird Observed Bird Cygnus atratus Black Swan Observed Bird Dacelo leachii Blue-winged Kookaburra Observed Bird Dromaius novaehollandiae Emu Observed Bird Egretta novaehollandiae White-faced Heron Observed Bird Elanus axillaris Black-shouldered Kite Observed Bird Elseyornis melanops Black-fronted Dotterel Observed Bird Eolophus roseicapillus Galah Observed Bird Epthianura tricolor Crimson Chat Heard Bird Falco berigora Brown Falcon Observed Bird Falco cenchroides Nankeen Kestrel Observed Bird Falco longipennis Australian Hobby Observed Bird Fulica atra Eurasian Coot Observed

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

Type Scientific name Common name Evidence type Bird Geopelia cuneata Diamond Dove Heard Bird Geopelia striata Peaceful Dove Observed Bird Geophaps plumifera Spinifex Pigeon Observed Bird Grallina cyanoleuca Magpie-lark Observed Bird Haliaeetus leucogaster White-bellied Sea-Eagle Observed Bird Haliastur sphenurus Whistling Kite Observed Bird Hamirostra melanosternon Black-breasted Buzzard Observed Bird Lichenostomus penicilatus White-plumed Honeyeater Observed Bird Lichenostomus virescens Singing Honeyeater Heard, observed Bird Malurus lamberti Variegated Fairy-wren Observed Bird Malurus leucopterus White-winged Fairy-wren Heard Bird Manorina flavigula Yellow-throated Miner Observed Bird Merops ornatus Rainbow Bee-eater Heard Bird Microcarbo melanoleucos Little Pied Cormorant Observed Bird Ocyphaps lophotes Crested Pigeon Observed Bird Oreoica gutturalis Crested Bellbird Heard Bird Pachycephala rufiventris Rufous Whistler Heard Bird Pelecanus conspicillatus Australian Pelican Observed Bird Petrochelidon ariel Fairy Martin Observed Bird Petrochelidon nigricans Tree Martin Observed Bird Petroica goodenovii Red-capped Robin Observed Bird Phalacrocorax sulcirostris Little Black Cormorant Observed Bird Phalacrocorax varius Pied Cormorant Observed Bird Phaps halcoptera Common Bronzewing Observed Bird Platalea falvipes Yellow-billed Spoonbill Observed Bird Podargus strigoides Tawny Frogmouth Observed Bird Poliocephalus poliocephalus Hoary-headed Grebe Observed Bird Pomatostomus superciliosus White-browed Babbler Heard, observed Bird Pomatostomus temporalis Grey-crowned Babbler Observed Bird Pyrrholaemus brunneus Red throat Observed Bird Rhipidura leucophrys Willie Wagtail Observed Bird Smircrornis brevirostris Weebill Observed Bird Taeniopygia guttata Zebra Finch Heard Bird Threskiornis molucca Australian White Ibis Observed Bird Treskiornis spinicollis Straw-necked Ibis Observed Bird Vanellus tricolor Banded Lapwing Observed Mammal Bos taurus Cow Observed, tracks Mammal Canis lupus dingo Dingo Observed Mammal Dasyurid sp. Dasyurid sp. Scats

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited

Type Scientific name Common name Evidence type Mammal Equus asinus Donkey Observed Mammal Equus ferus caballus Horse Observed Mammal Felis catus Feral cat Observed Mammal Macropus rufus Red Kangaroo Observed Reptile Ctenophorus caudicinctus Ring-tailed Dragon Observed Reptile Morethia ruficauda Lined Firetail Skink Observed Reptile Pogona minor minor Western Bearded Dragon Observed Reptile Simoselaps bertholdi Jans' Banded Snake Observed Reptile Varanus giganteus Perentie Scats Reptile Varanus gouldii Sand Goanna Observed Reptile Varanus sp. Varanus sp. Tracks

Wiriji Infrastructure Corridor Flora and Fauna Survey | Hastings Technology Metals Limited