VOLUME XXIII JANUARY/MARCH 1990 NO. I FROM THE SECRETARIAT... ASA BOARD OF DIRECTORS 1990 Our latest news is obvious - ASA News has a new OFFICERS size and format! Atlanta artist Judith Martens designed the President: Ann Seidman (Clark University) dramatic front cover while Associate Editor Kim Louder­ Vice-President: Martin A. Klein (University of To­ milk created the smart new interior layout. ronto) With our new look in place, we have two other prob­ Past President: Simon Ottenberg (University of lems to solve. The first is the more difficult. As of this Washington) mid-December writing, we are exactly six weeks past the date that our last issue of ASA News (Vol. XXII, no. 4, Oct/ REfIRING IN 1990 Dec 1989) was sent for mailing. So far as we can tell, no Sandra Barnes (University of Pennsylvania) one has yet received it. Long talks with our local postmas­ Iris Berger (State University of New York at Alba­ ter and our mailing house management are scheduled for ny) immediately after Christmas. Meanwhile, we apologize for Kwabena N"ketia (University of Pittsburgh) the delay and thank you for your patience. The second problem is yours to solve. We receive nu­ REfIRING IN 1991 merous announcements that we are delighted to pass along Martha A. Gephart (Social Science Research Coun­ to our readers. We would also welcome contributions in cil) the form of short articles of interest to the Africanist com­ Catharine Newbury (University of North Carolina munity: reports on new resources for teaching or research, at Chapel Hill) accounts of recent conferences, commentary on develop­ Sulayman S. Nyang (Howard University) ments in Mrica, discussions of the state of African studies. Let us hear from you. REfIRING IN 1992 This issue contains minutes and awards announce­ Carol M. Eastman (University of Washington) ments from the 1989 ASA Annual Meeting in Atlanta. Our Christraud M. Geary (Boston University) dry reports cannot convey the excitement and enthusaism Sandra Greene (Kalamazoo College) that permeated this first ASA meeting in a city with a spe­ cial interest in Africa. Mayor Andy Young spoke of Africa and America with fondness and characteristic optimisim. His standing-room-only audience set the stage for 146 in­ ASA News, Vol. XXIII, No.1, Jan/Mar 1990. tense (and equally crowded) smaller sessions throughout Editor: Edna C. Bay. the following three days. The crowding was a by-product Associate Editor: Kim Loudermilk. of the largest registration ever in ASA history, more than Published quarterly by the African Studies Association. 1600 persons. In brief, it was a big and, judging from your comments, a highly successful Annual Meeting. Annual Meetings have a way of coming round again, Contributions to ASA News should be sent to ASA News, and Willie Lamouse-Smith, Program Chair for the Balti­ Credit Union Building, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia more meetings, has ambitious plans to top Atlanta next 30322. Deadlines for contributions are December 1, March 1, November 1-4. Forms for the submission of paper and June 1, and September 1. panel proposals are included in this newslsetter for your convenience. Please remember that the deadline date for Domestic claims for non-receipt of issues must be made panel and paper proposals, for nominations for interna­ within six months of the month of publication overseas tional visitors and for the scheduling of business meetings claims must be made within one year. is March 15. Notice to Members: The United States Postal System does Finally, we bid a temporary good-bye to Jo Sullivan, not forward periodicals. We must receive written notifica­ well-known to ASA members involved in the Association's tion from you at least five weeks in advance of any change of Outreach Committee for her years of leadership in promot­ address. Failure to notify us of your correct mailing address ing African studies outside the college classroom. Jo is will result in suspension of mailings until we receive such joining the Brookline, Massachusetts public schools as so­ notification. We can make address changes only when cur­ cial studies coordinator, noting that her move is not really rent dues are paid. Reinstatement of membership mailings a departure from African studies, but rather a broadening after suspension may be made by payment of a $5.00 rein­ of her interests. statement fee. LETTERS

To the Members of the ASA: quests and supply books to bearers at in Atlanta. I attended the all-day I am greatly honored by the recog­ mailing addresses within the US. symposium on the Horn at the Carter nition accorded to my book, Way of Members of the Association may ob­ Center and benefited immensely from Death: Merchant Capitalism and the An­ tain the book at a cost of $12.00 (list those sessions. The panels, work­ golan Slave Trade, 1730-1830, as co­ price $35.(0) by writing to Edna Bay at shops, and roundtable discussions winner of the 1989 Herskovits Prize of the ASA, indicating the name of the that I attended at the regular ASA ses­ the African Studies Association. I am recipient scholar or institution, ex­ sions were all well-organized and ran also concerned that works thus recog­ plaining when and how they will de­ promptly on schedule. The rooms nized in the United States become liver the copy, and describing the cir­ themselves and the equipment in available in Africa so that our col­ cumstances under which it will them were all more than adequate in leagues there may have adequate op­ remain reasonably widely available each case. I thought the book exhibit portunity to bring their own perspec­ for consultation by students and re­ was larger and more diverse than tives to bear on works evaluated searchers in Africa. Bearers making ever; it certainly helped persuade me abroad. To these ends of scholarly requests fulfilling these objectives, to spend far more money than usual! criticism and discussion, to explore the and not duplicating recipients in Afri­ I was sorry that the "Heaven Bound" potential of small-scale and voluntaris­ ca already named by other bearers, performance was cancelled and I was tic means of overcoming blockages in will receive books on an first-come­ unable to attend the awards banquet. international communication at global first-serve basis up to the limit of cop­ Nonetheless, a conference of this financial and bureaucratic levels, and ies available. sort does not just "happen." It takes to implement personal and collabora­ I hope that, together, this plan will enormous energy, careful and system­ tive efforts along these lines, I would allow us collaboratively to further the atic planning, and paying dose atten­ like to invite members of the Associa­ study of Africa's past and also contrib­ tion to a myriad of details to make it tion based in the US to join me in tak­ ute to its future. all come together. This year's Orga­ ing copies of Way of Death directly to Yours sincerely, nizing Committee displayed all of scholars and institutions in Africa. Joseph C. Miller these necessities and more. The proof To this end, I have contributed the University of Virginia was in the superbly run meetings. monetary component of my Herskov­ Again, my heartiest congratulations its prize. The University of Wisconsin and most sincere thanks for a job Press has agreed to provide a number Dear Edna: well-done. of copies of the book at substantial dis­ I want to record my appreciation Sincerely yours, count. The executive secretary of the to the ASA and its 1989 Program Charles L. Geshekter Association has consented to accept re- Committee for the excellent meetings California State University, Chico ASA ENDOWMENT The Board of Directors has agreed African studies, the Herskovits Ford Foundation and other donors to establish a modest endowment for Award for the best book in African have contributed to the success of the the African Studies Association. Built studies published in English each Association's International Visitors with tax-exempt donations, the ASA year, the Conover-Porter award for Program, which provides travel sup­ Endowment will be managed to en­ the best bibliographical or reference port to enable overseas scholars to at­ courage constant financial growth. It work in the field and the James H. tend the Annual Meeting. ASA mem­ will ensure the long-term stability of Robinson Award for creative work bers have indicated their desire to the Association and over time may be based on a first visi t to Africa. In continue the International Visitiors used to support selected activities early 1989, the Association joined the Program even should outside funding and a portion of the operations of the American Association for the Ad­ not be available. Plans are being ASA. vancement of Science/ American made to expand member services in As the ASA matures, the Associa­ Council of Learned Societies jour­ the immediate future by the produc­ tion is increasingly drawn to expand nals-to-Africa project, donating 100 tion and distribution of a biennial di­ its programs and activities. Four ma­ copies of African Studies Review, Issue rectory of ASA members. With ex­ jor awards are now sponsored by the and ASA News on a continuing basis panded computer capabilities in the ASA: the Distinguished Africanist for distribution to African institu­ secretariat's Emory University home, Award for lifetime contributions to tions. During the past decade, the there are increased publications possi­ bilities available to the ASA. bark on the building of the ASA En­ grant from the National Endowment Ideas for other worthy special pro­ dowment. In this endeavor, we emu­ for the Humanities this spring. jects are a constant in Board discus­ late other major academic associations Should it be awarded, the NEH will sions. However, the Association at that have built substantial endow­ contribute up to $1 for every $2 that present must fund all special projects ments which permit them to cover op­ the Association raises, beginning with through current revenues or grants. erating and special expenses. The all contributions after December 1, Since its founding, the ASA has growth and use of the ASA Endow­ 1989. Please join us in supporting this worked to keep membership fees at a ment will enable the Association to worthy cause. We recommend a tax­ modest level, despite constantly­ hold membership costs to the lowest deductible donation level of $100, increasing costs for member services. levels possible at the same time that though we would be delighted to ac­ Our members' desire that the Associ­ we expand special activities and pro­ cept a gift'of any size. We urge you to ation be more active nationally and jects. consider pledging your speaking hon­ internationally in projects to promote We will be applying for a challenge oraria or your book royalties to us. the study of Africa prompts us to em­ NATIONAL PANELS COMMITTEE The Board of Directors of the Afri­ tative of the substantive and geo­ no financial compensation, although a can Studies Association will appoint a graphical interests as well as the eth­ modest travel allowance will be pro­ national committee of scholars to plan nic, gender and national origins of the vided for the spring committee meet­ the intellectual program (but not spe­ association's members. ing. Persons named committee chair cial events, local arrangements or pro­ The Board invites nominations, may wish to seek institutional sup­ gram scheduling) of each of the Asso­ including self nominations, of individ­ port and sponsorship for the work of ciation's annual meetings, beginning uals who might serve on the national the committee in the form of contribu­ with the 1992 meeting. A new com­ panels committee for the 1992 annual tions such as clerical services, phone mittee will be appointed each year. meeting and beyond. Individual com­ and postage costs, or a reduced teach­ Committees will meet three times: at mittee members should be broadly ac­ ingload. the annual meetings one and two quainted with research in African Letters of nomination or applica­ years in advance, and in the spring studies. They should also possess a tion for the 1992 committee should be prior to the annual meeting to review type of intellectual vision that will sent no later than March 15, 1990 to proposals for panels and papers. Com­ equip them to develop an exciting in­ Edna G. Bay, African Studies Associa­ mittees will be composed of five to tellectual program. tion, Credit Union Building, Emory seven scholars; they will be represen­ Committee members will receive UniverSity, Atlanta, GA 30322.

TASK FORCE ON AFRICA'S CURRENT SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CRISIS The Task Force proposes to un­ By Ann Seidman ing in Baltimore for comments, criti­ dertake its work in two phases. In the cisms and suggestions by ASA mem­ first, it has appointed coordinators in At the Atlanta annual meeting, bers, and revised for incorporation in the fields of economy, state and law, a book. The workshops will then rec­ the ASA Board of Directors appointed health, education, environment, an interdisciplinary Task Force to ommend further research and make household and gender, and regional proposals for improving mechanisms work together with African research­ integration. The coordinators will ers and research institu tions to con­ for coordinating US Africanists' coop­ work with ASA members and African eration with African research institu­ duct research directed towards identi­ researchers to prepare reports synthe­ fying the causes of the current crisis tions. sizing the state of current research in In the second phase, the Task leading to strategies for attaining sus­ their fields, and identifying the major tainable development in Africa. Task Force will undertake to implement debates concerning the impact of the the proposals for further research re­ Force members include: Beverly Gri­ crisis, the underlying causes, and pro­ er, Goran Hyden, Allen Isaacman, sulting from the first phase, and to posals for solution. These reports will disseminate the findings to the US Ntalaja-Nzongola, and Ann Seidman be presented at a series of seven work­ (chair). public and policy makers in hopes of shops at the 1990 ASA annual meet­ generating greater US support for Af­ rican efforts to attain self-sustainable brief summary of the relevant re­ 1990 annual meeting for consideration development. search on which they are engaged, for inclusion, in whole or in part, in If they would like to participate in and, if possible, summaries of current the relevant sections of the proposed any aspect of preparing these reports, findings which they think might be book. Those who submit acceptable ASA members should write to the included. The authors of materials in­ proposals will be expected to speak to ASA Task Force (c/o The International cluded in the book will of course re­ them at relevant points during the Development Program, Clark Univer­ ceive credit. workshop sessions. sity, 950 Main Street, Worcester, MA ASA members are also invited to The Task Force would welcome 01610). They are requested to send a submit papers to the workshops at the any other suggestions relating to its proposed program.

PROVISIONAL MINUTES

BOARD OF DIRECTORS MEETING the fiscal half-year of January I-June 30. Although I believe that Wednesday, November 1,1989. 2 pm. we will make up the losses in the second half of the calendar year, Boardroom, Hyatt Regency Hotel, Atlanta. the deficit is a reminder of the nature of our finances. We are an organization with relatively fixed income-dues and Annual Meeting fees-but with constantly rising expenses, most notably Present: Directors Ottenberg (Chair), Azevedo, Baker, Barnes, salaries and publishing costs (which rise at a rate of 5-8% per Berger, Gephart, lsaacman, Newbury, Nketia, Nyang, Nzongola­ year). Though we try to be as cost-efficient as possible in the secre­ Ntalaja, Seidman. Edna Bay (Exec. Sed, Joseph Miller (Treasur­ tariat, we by the nature of our structure will end each year with er), Mark DelAncey (AASP representative). less surplus unless we constantly expand income. I would urge the Finance Committee to consider ways to ease 1. Approval of May 1989 Board minutes this dilemma and would specifically recommend that the Board Nzongola-Ntalaja moved approval, Azevedo seconded consider expanding the graduated dues scale, maintaining dues and the motion passed. for persons with incomes below $40,000 at the same level but re­ quiring larger increments from persons with incomes of $40,000, $ 50,000 and higher. 2. Report of the Executive Secretary Membership As of October 20, our membership totals were 1745 individuals Annual Meeting and 583 institutions, for a total of 2328. These figures compare to a As you might imagine, the secretariat has been preoccupied total of 2090 (1505 individuals and 585 institutions) on the same with the Annual Meeting since the Board last convened in May. date in 1988. The growth in individual memberships is largely Rosemary Hynes and I will report more fully on specifies of our due to the requirement that presenters on the Annual Meeting experience at the Sunday meeting. We have been grateful to the Program be members of the Association. We hope to keep those sponsors for their material support and to members of the Pro­ new members on our rolls by demonstrating the value of mem­ gram Committee who assisted in numerous ways. bership in the ASA. Despite the work of the Program Committee, the burden of the organization of the 1989 meeting fell very heavily on the secretari­ Publications at staff. They are due a very warm thank you from the Board and Member publications are doing well. ASA News is distributed the membership. I hope that you will have an opportunity over during the first month of each quarter. We will be changing its these next four days to express your appreciation personally to format to 81/2 X 11" with the next issue and have various other them: Norma Miller, Administrative Assistant, Rosemary Hynes, plans to increase its interest. The winter 1989-90 edition of Issue Coordinator of the Annual Meeting Program, Kim Loudermilk, has already been mailed. The September 1989 issue of African Publications Assistant, Daniel Comiskey, Publications Distribu­ Studies Review will be completed by our printer on November 10 tion Assistant, Jo Bradley, Graduate Assistant, and Tami Sims, so it should be in members' hands by Thanksgiving. We still hope Work-Study Assistant. I would mention, too, Flora Mandala, who to have ASR on-time within a matter of months. All three member helped us on a part-time basis during October. journals are being distributed in Africa through the AAAS-ACLS project. Corporate Merger African Musicology: Current Trends, the festschrift in honor of The ASA attorney reported that the merger of ASA-New York Kwabena Nketia, was published in June. American and Canadian with ASA-Delaware became effective on September 28. Thus we Doctoral Dissertations and Milster's Theses, 1974-1987 is being will henceforth be operating as a Delaware non-profit corpora­ bound. A printed but unbound copy will be on display at the tion. In a strictly legal sense, the ASA that you were elected to Combined Book Exhibit during this Annual Meeting. The printer serve no longer exists. has promised completion of the project by November 10. Finances The Smithsonian Institution has given verbal approval for our Our accountant has reported an operating deficit of $6983 for publication of Janet Stanley's bibliography of the arts of Africa. Once the contract is signed, we will move quickly to publish and 4. Hom of Africa Conference hope to have it available by winter. ... Nzongola-Ntalaja reported on the success of the Hom of I hope to include funds for an ASA membership directory In Africa Conference held in Madrid from September 12-14. the 1990-91 budget. We will notify members of the directory in re­ The conference was attended by a good mix of scholars newal notices for 1990 and press them to renew early in order to be listed. I hope that incentives like directories will assist us in re­ from the US, Europe, Latin America and Africa though, cruiting and maintaining members. unfortunately, the invited Soviet scholars did not attend. Nzongola-Ntalaja thanked the sponsors: Ford Foundation, NCASA MacArthur Foundation, Presbyterian Church (USA), Inter­ I attended a weekend meeting of NCASA, the organization of area studies associations, in Washington in mid-October. Thanks national Center for Development Policy and the Swedish to a modest grant solicited from the Ford Foundation by the Agency for Research Cooperation with Developing Coun­ American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies tries and expressed appreciation for support by the Uni­ (AAASS), our expenses were covered by NCASA. versity of Alcala. The symposium held at the Carter Center Our agenda was essentially manageriaL I received a number of of Emory University in conjunction with the Annual Meet­ excellent suggestions, particularly in the area of fund-raising and ing will be a follow-up to the Madrid conference. endowment-building, that I plan to share with you as our discus­ Ottenberg congratulated Nzongola-Ntalaja on his work, sion procedes. I wish to underline the tremendous value to ASA noting that the conference will be a model for future ASA as an organization of these sessions with counterparts in other projects. Barnes moved that the Board thank Nzongola­ area studies associations. Ntalaja for his work. Seidman seconded the motion which carried. 3. CAFLIS (Coalition for the Advancement of Foreign Language and International Studies) 5. Executive Committee Directors discussed the draft Plan of Action, including Ottenberg reported that the Executive Committee had the Coalition's recommendations for improving foreign written the Legal Defense Fund to offer advice for the se­ language and international studies. Bay reported that CA­ lection of observers for the Namibian elections. No re­ FLIS, rather than seeking immediate endorsements for the sponse was received. Letters were also written by the pres­ Plan from member organizations, has decided to list all co­ ident protesting the death of David Webster and the denial alition members at the end of the Plan with the specifica­ of South African visas to US scholars. tion that "while not every member is committed to every recommendation, we all believe this Plan specifies a set of 6. Publications Committee important actions which can substantially strengthen the Nzongola-Ntalaja gave the following report: nation's international capacities." CAFLIS members who wish to do so may additionally endorse the Plan towards The editors of History in Africa, Issue, African Studies Review and future efforts for implementation. ASA News are working welL Board members argued that the Plan is both ambitious The African Studies Review was a major issue discussed by the and vague, that it provides a "wish list" of ideas, many of Publications Committee. ASR editor Carol Thorn pson was disap­ which are directed only to training Americans for interna­ pointed that the Publications Committee members had arrived tional business competition, and that it projects little to im­ late for the meeting. She had reported earlier that her work load prove the level of international understanding and knowl­ as editor is too heavy. In response, the Executive Secretary of­ edge in the US. Delancey noted that a business rationale is fered to do style editing and proofreading. After discussion, the necessary for passing legislation while Miller added that editor decided to retain authority over copy-editing. Congress will sort out details. Seidman expressed concern Thompson reported that authors do not follow the format re­ quired by ASR. The SSRC research overview papers in particular that an endowment might undermine already-existing pro­ require too much work by Thompson, even though by contract grams for international studies. Barnes pointed out that the SSRC is to be responsible for all aspects of editing. The Commit­ rationale might be faulty but the goals useful and that Afri­ tee agreed that Thompson should return papers that prove edito­ can studies can be strong only collectively, in cooperation rially unacceptable to SSRC. It recommended that all US authors with other organizations. be required to submit their work on computer disk and that au­ Commenting that any new funding would be a good thors living abroad be encouraged to use disks. thing for African studies, Nzongola-Ntalaja moved that Bay proposed to the Publications Committee that the name ASA allow its name to remain on the Plan. Seidman sec­ Crossroads Press be dropped and that an editorial board be onded the motion and added a friendly amendment that named to define the directions of ASA publications and to solicit manuscripts. An ad hoc committee consisting of Newbury the ASA write CAFLIS enclosing a copy of the Board min­ (chair), Bay, David Henige and Jean Hay was appointed to make utes and expressing the wish that the concerns of the Board recommendations. be considered in the use of the Plan. The motion carried. The Publications Committee discussed proposals from Robert Bates and Joe Miller. Bates proposed a book describing what Afri­ can studies has contributed to the disciplines and asked the Com­ Directors suggested names for additional task force mittee's endorsement for the project. The Committee agreed to members and cautioned that cooperative working links endorse the ~itiative but £E:lt that they would need to see propo­ sals for fundmg of the project before giving additional endorse­ with counterparts in Africa need to be made immediately. ments. The Board added the suggestion that non-Africanists The Board agreed that the proposal application should be might be solicited to write about the value of the work of African­ presented in the name of the Assodation and that Seidman ist scholars for their own research. would have the authority to appoint task force members. Miller proposed that the Publications Committee consider ways to be sure to continue the publications of important reference 10. Future Annual Meetings :vorks, especially :he listing of publications in African history that Gephart reported on her efforts to organize a series of IS presently publIshed by the American Historical Association panels for the Baltimore meetings. Working in conjunction and is threatened with discontinuance. The question was referred to the Archives-Libraries Committee. with Program Chair Willie Lamouse-Smith, she has devel­ o~. a new format for the 8-10 comparative panels. Panels lsaacman commended all ASA editors for their work. wIll Include up to three papers with two discussants. Pa­ pers will be drculated in advance and authors will not Concern was exp~essed for the working relationship be­ tween the executive secretary and the editor of African present their papers. Discussants will summarize and cri­ Studies Review. A meeting was arranged and Ottenberg was tiq~e the papers .and authors will respond. Comparative asked to report on the matter at the next Board session. subjects planned Include 1) natural and social sciences (fo­ cussing on agrarian or health issues), 2) structural adjust­ 7. Elections Committee ~~nt, 3) democratization, 4) gender and household, 5) re­ Bay thanked the members of the Elections Committee, lIgIOn and social transformation, 6) peasant and rural social Arnare Tekle and Sidney Kasfir. The following persons protest, 7) representation and cultural forms and 8) popu­ lar culture. were elected: Vice President: Martin A. Klein; Directors: Carol M. Eastman, Christraud Geary and Sandra Greene. Gephart reported on discussions with potential chairs for future national program committees. She recommended Board ~embers stressed the importance of voting in that co-chairs be named, with one person responsible for A~A elections. Isaacman reminded the Nominating Com­ mittee of the need for greater participation by African the humanities and a second the sodaI sdences. Recently­ Americans in the leadership of the Association. tenured faculty could head a program committee consist­ ing of more senior scholars. ~rectors suggested possible names for national program 8. Endowment chair and discussed the logisticS of a national committee's Bay reported that all other area studies associations are work. Guidelines will be necessary to describe the kinds of building endowments for their long-term security. An en­ persons to be named to a national committee and to insure dowment s~ould be of a size so that its income equals an­ radal and gender balance. It was recommended that a nual operating expenses. Strategies for building endow­ Board member and a person resident at the site of the ments among fellow area studies associations center on meeting be named to each program committee. raising funds from the membership and working with .The Board agreed that the Annual Meetings Committee matching grants from the National Endowment for the Hu­ wIll ge~erate names for chairs and co-chairs and report at manities. Bay offered to prepare a proposal for the NEH the spring board meeting. The Association will help defray and the Board concurred. expenses for a spring meeting of a national program com­ Dir~tors suggested strategies for fund-raising: life mem­ mitt~. Baker commended Gephart for her thought and at­ bership~, beq.uests, donation of royalties and speakers' tentIon to the needs of program organization. honorana. Seidman suggested that the campaign be an­ nounced at the banquet. Baker noted that an ASA portfolio would need to be free of South African assets. 10. Botswana Review . Direct~rs agr~ed that the Botswana Review should be pro­ 9. African Economic Crisis Vided With a dIsplay area adjacent to the exhibits for the Atlanta ASA meeting. . Seidman summarized a revised proposal that is de­ Signed to evaluate the current status of the crisis in Africa and elsewhere in the Third World and to recommend fur­ 11. Other Business ther research, possibly in cooperation with other regional Ottenberg thanked outgoing directors Baker, Azevedo assodations. She asked approval of a task force whose ini­ and lsaacman and past president Nzongola-Ntalaja for tial members include Nzongola-Ntalaja, lsaacman and Go­ their work. ran Hyden. The task force plans to get initial papers ready for the 1990 Annual Meeting and to disseminate results of its research through outreach channels. BOARD OF DIRECTORS MEETING indefinitely. Previously, proposals for funding were pre­ Sunday, November 5. 9 am. pared by members of the Board and the administration of Boardroom, Hyatt Regency Hotel, Atlanta. the program was in the hands of the Program Chair. In the past two years, the secretariat has been responsible for Present: Directors Seidman (Chair), Barnes, Geary, Gephart, writing the proposals, reporting on the program and ar­ Greene, Klein, Newbury, Nketia, Nyang, Ottenberg. Bay (Exec. ranging all the visits. This year, nominators assisted byar­ Sec.), Miller (Treasurer), DeLancey (AASP representative). ranging auxiliary visits of up to 15 days for the visitors. Guests: Rosemary Hynes (ASA secretariat), Willie Lamouse­ We are concerned that persons nominated are often not Smith (Univ. of Maryland-Baltimore County), Willard Johnson suited to the priorities of the program, which call for the se­ (MIT), Jamie Graham (Washington Univ.), James McCloud lection of younger scholars, women and others who are not (Washington Univ.), Victor LeVine (Washington Univ,), Susan regular visitors to the US. We urge the Board to take steps Broadhead (Univ. of Louisville), Phyllis Bishof (University of to select visitors with more care and concern for the objec­ California), Jo Sullivan (Boston University), John Metzler tives of the program. (Michigan State), Mary Jo Arnoldi (Smithsonian Institution), Miller suggested that the Executive Committee appoint Deborah Mack (Mack, Carrillo & Associates) someone to assist with the International Visitors Program. Newbury noted that a new representative at USIA has ex­ 1. Annual Meeting Reports pressed interest in continuing and enlarging African visi­ Atlanta 1989 tors' presence. She noted too that attendance was particu­ Rosemary Hynes, Program Coordinator for Atlanta, and larly high at panels. Larger rooms and microphones are Bay made the following points based on their written re­ needed. Seidman stressed the need for child care at annual port: meetings, while Miller cautioned that there are legal ramifi­ ProliPJlm Committee. Separating the panel arrangements cations to the ASA providing such care. from local cultural and other arrangements will usefully re­ Baltimore 1990 duce the burden of planning ASA Annual Meetings for any Willie Lamouse-Smith reported that the University of single group of people. AV equipment continues to be a Maryland-Baltimore County will welcome the ASA in problem that is expensive and time-consuming to solve. 1990. The University's development office is providing We recommend that a minimum amount of equipment be seed money of $10,000 and will raise more to support the made available to presenters free of charge and that the meeting. The theme, "Africa: Development and Ethics," cost of all additional AV requirements be passed on to the will be carried out through panels and the film program. person requesting equipment or to the sponsor of the pan­ Four plenary sessions, 15 forums, 15 films, 15 roundtables el. and 90-100 panels will be included on the program. Round­ Sponsored Panels. Sponsoring groups assist the program tables will include senior scholars speaking on broad top­ organizers by arranging quality panels but often also make ics. An unusual feature will be a kind of "Hyde Park cor­ unusual demands of the organizing committee. We recom­ ner" enabling informal debate to continue throughout the mend that sponsoring groups be required to adhere to meeting. deadlines and that they be held responsible for all fees for Special events will be held each evening. The city will all persons on their panels. Program chairs should name in­ proclaim the first week in November "African Studies dividuals from sponsoring groups which organize large Week." A luncheon for sponsors will be held and the numbers of panels to the program committee so that plan­ UMBC president will host a dinner for the Board. The Balti­ ning for a given meeting may be coordinated. more Museum of Art will host a reception and art exhibi­ Multiple Appearances. With the exception of ASA inter­ tion of Ndebele work. Off-site panels on art will be held at national visitors, participants were not permitted to appear the Baltimore Museum and the Maryland Museum of Afri­ on the program in more than one capacity as a presenter, can Art. e.g. to give a paper, to act as discussant or to participate in The core of the program committee will be three to four a roundtable. People were permitted to make one presenta­ persons on the UMBC campus. Work will be done by the tion and to chair a panel. The reasons for the policy were committee to bring additional international visitors. USIA two: 1) with limited places on the program it provided op­ has been contacted and the overseas posts informed. portunities for more people to participate and 2) multiple Barnes noted that the Women's Caucus is concerned that appearances create immense scheduling problems. Most panels have an appropriate ethnic and gender mix while participants cooperated with the policy and agreed that it Greene suggested that people not in major research institu­ was fair. We urge the Board to allow future program orga­ tions need opportunities to appear on panels. Seidman nizers to adhere to this rule. pointed out that the ASA task force on the crisis in Africa International Visitors Pro&!'am. The International Visi­ will request space for seven workshops, each of which will tors Program places a burden on the secretariat and on the include an African colleague. Newbury suggested that si­ person of the executive secretary that cannot be sustained multaneous interpretation be provided for large sessions with the use of USIA-owned equipment. Johnson pro­ Board's Annual Meetings Committee. posed that a high-ranking SWAPO official be brought to the Baltimore meeting under the joint sponsorship of ASA 2. Development Committee and ACAS (Association of Concerned Africa Scholars). The Barnes, interim chair of the Development Committee, re­ Board agreed. ported on a meeting held November 1. The substance of St. Louis 1991 the meeting focused on 1) fund-raising and 2) committee James McCloud and Victor Le Vine invited the ASA to structures. meet in Sf. Louis in 1991 under the sponsorship of Wash­ The Development Committee is committed to raising ington University. Some $15,000 in seed money is already funds for outreach activities. Seidman plans to raise fund­ committed and Jamie Graham will be available to be pro­ ing for the African crisis task force and where appropriate, gram assistant. Initial contacts have been made with the art will try to include funding for commissioned papers pro­ museum, the botanical gardens, the Katherine Dunham posed for the African Studies Review. Barnes explained that dance company and other civic and cultural organizations. the editor of ASR had been asked to commission papers, McCloud and Le Vine are in touch with officers of the Afri­ and that four were proposed. Gephart argued that the task can Heritage Studies Association and hope to effect a rein­ force plans and the proposed papers were substantially tegration of AHSA members into the ASA. The meeting different so that they could not easily be funded from the theme will be 1/African Renewal." same source. Seidman thanked McOoud and Le Vine for a strong pro­ Newbury moved that the Board allocate $2000 to Carol posal. She pointed out that the Board is moving towards Thompson, editor of the African Studies Review, to be used the appointment of a national program committee in order as honoraria for the authors of four commissioned papers to relieve local committees of the overwhelming task of for the frontiers of knowledge project. The motion was sec­ planning both panels and cultural events. The Board had onded by Ottenberg and carried. anticipated naming a national program chair for 1991 by its Committee members recommended that Development spring 1990 meeting. be structured to continue to include non-Board members, Le Vine noted that any organizers need advice from the including prominent individuals who could assist in at­ Board. The advantage to having the entire organization tracting donors. Delancey suggested that the committee based in a single site is greater efficiency and integration. also include persons dedicated to the ASA who have fund­ McOoud suggested that the Board take a flexible approach raising skills. Bay and Barnes were asked to coordinate the depending upon the resources available in any given city. contacting of such individuals. 51. Louis might be viewed as a pilot in which the program committee could consist of members of the Board with a lo­ 3. Finance Committee cal person as chair. To leave a local committee in a position Sulayrnan Nyang reported that the financial situation of with no input would be inappropriate. the ASA is not bad and acknowledged in-kind contribu­ Ottenberg pointed out that a national committee would tions made by Emory University. allow the ASA to meet in cities where it might otherwise be The Committee proposed a $1200 life membership unable to hold a meeting. Susan Broadhead noted that a which could be given in three annual increments. It addi­ Louisville meeting would require a national committee, tionally proposed a new dues category of $55 for members given the lack of large numbers of Africanists to plan the with incomes greater than $45,000. The Committee also entire event. Delancey suggested that from the perspective recommended that in future individuals who wish Board of the AASP, sponsorship of an ASA meeting by a relative­ support for commissioned papers should be encouraged to ly young African studies program is an important develop­ raise the funding themselves. ment strategy. It is incumbent on the Board to come up Miller reminded the Board that the ASA had a surplus with a clear statement of the nature of the relationship of last year. Although the first six months of 1989 showed a national program committees to local organizing commit­ deficit, another surplus is expected by year's end. The fi­ tees. nance Committee needs to think in terms of building an Lamouse-Smith expressed concern that the Board's ini­ endowment, making financial decisions on the basis of tiatives to organize sets of panels could be interpreted as long-term rather than shorHerm interests. Categories of setting up an elitist system. Attendance is increasing at giving will be recommended by the Finance Committee to ASA meetings and the quality of presentations improving. encourage giving. Seidman summarized the discussion, welcoming the ini­ The Board agreed by consensus to insti tute the new dues tiative taken by the 51. Louis organizers and compliment­ category. ing them on their plans. The Board is aware of the need for Life memberships were discussed at length. Nyang different committees to suit the needs of different locations. pointed out that the taking out of a life membership shows She suggested that a final decision on a program chair a serious commitment to African studies. He suggested would be made in the spring after a report from the that members could apply their lecture honoraria or book royalties towards their membership. Nyang moved that tend and be active in influential educational organizations ASA institute a $1200 life membership. The motion was sec­ like the National Council for the Social Studies, Sister Cit­ onded by Newbury and passed. ies International or the National Association of Black Edu­ cators. With funding, African studies outreach specialists 4. ASA Committee Reports might have booths at major conventions of appropriate or­ Archives-Libraries ganizations. Phyllis Bishof reported that the Library of Congress is 5. Approaches to the media. about to establish a West Africa field office. She urged the An ASA portfolio of African experts available to comment Board to send a letter to the Librarian of Congress endors­ on the news could be compiled and circulated to the me­ ing the idea and offering help in facilitating the project. dia. Workshops might be arranged to train scholars for do­ Congressional hearings on the office project are expected in ing media work. February. Bishoff will notify the ASA of the dates in the 6. Modules for integrating African studies into non-Africa hope that an officer might be willing to testify. courses. Archives-Libraries is planning a panel on UNESCO and The project would review what is taught in disciplinary the information society for the 1990 ASA meetings. Partici­ courses such as surveys of western civilization. Then schol­ pants may include representatives of the Library of Con­ ars would be commissioned to write modules integrating gress, the House of Representatives and the media. Ar­ African materials as appropriate. Major writers of discipli­ chives-Libraries asks assistance through the International nary texts could be approached and offered assistance with Visitors Program to bring an African librarian to partici­ African materials. pate. The Archives-Libraries newsletter is supported by India­ Directors complimented the Outreach Committee on its na University and is circulated to approximately 500 read­ initiative and urged Sullivan and Metzler to prepare bud­ ers. Because of the serious demoralization among librarians gets for amounts needed to fund these projects. Bay sug­ in Africa given lack of resources, the Committee asks if gested that a short survey of outreach could be included ASA can send A-L newsletter issues to Africa. Bay offered with 1990 membership renewals. Barnes urged the Out­ to see if the newsletter could be included with materials reach Committee to submit their ideas, priorities and bud­ sent to Africa through the AAAS-ACLS project. get figures as soon as possible so that work could begin on Ottenberg asked if the Board members might also receive obtaining funding. the A-L newsletter. Seidman expressed the appreciation of the Board for the work of the Committee. A letter will be Arts Council of the ASA sent in support of the West Africa field office. Mary Jo Arnoldi reported that the ACASA board had voted to expand the scope of ACASA interests to include Outreach Committee African arts in the diaspora. She described the awards pre­ Jo Sullivan and John Metzler reported that 15 outreach sented at the Eighth Triennial Symposium on African Arts specialists had met in Atlanta to discuss future activities. (see ASA News, Oct/Dec 1989, pp. 6-7). They presented the following list of projects for which fund­ Two initiatives are planned by ACASA: ing needs to be obtained: 1. African arts slide packets. 1. Survey of the outreach activities of the ASA membership. ACASA members will contribute 25 slides each towards The survey would focus on gathering information about packets of 1000 slides with texts. The packets will be sold what is being done and what members might do in addition to ACASA members to cover costs of distribution to Afri­ if support were available. A budget of $1000 would be can and Caribbean institutions. Seed money is now being needed. sought for the project. A larger grant will be needed for its 2. Compilation of a resource guide for African studies. implementation. The guide would be patterned after a product created by 2. Increased African participation on ASA arts panels. Middle East scholars and would include information on ACASA will approach USIA for support for African schol­ how to do outreach. The guide could be built on a computer ars' participation on ACASA-sponsored panels. Four spe­ data-base of reviews of materials for K-12 compiled by cial standing panels are planned for future meetings on the Brenda Randolph. topics of museums, contemporary art, archaeology and eth­ 3. Guidelines for texts. ics. The guidelines would be prepared for the use of publishers Arnoldi queried the Board about how an ASA national and would be circulated under the ASA name. program committee will work. What role will ACASA 4. Work with other national organizations that reach the have in its composition? She stressed that the room for public. ACASA sessions in Atlanta was too small. A room seating Outreach specialists currently do not have support to at­ 100 is needed. Directors expressed concern that the ASA Board and Ottenberg was named Board liaison with the program ACASA might be duplicating fund-raising efforts and rec­ chair for 1991 and Sulayman Nyang agreed to serve as ommended that efforts be coordinated through the Devel­ Board liaison for Baltimore. opment Committee. 7. Committee Assignments Women's Caucus New Directors were assigned to committees as follows: Deborah Mack reported that the Caucus is concerned Eastman: Development and Finance with its visibility within ASA. It will launch a membership Geary: Annual Meetings and Executive drive, and has increased member dues to a sliding scale Greene: Nominating and Publications from $5 to $20. The Caucus will distribute descriptive fliers next year. 8. Herskovits Committee Two projects are planned for the immediate future: the Directors expressed thanks for the work done by the development of a mission statement and the writing of a 1989 Herskovits Committee: John Middleton (chair), Vir­ brochure. The Caucus requests that the ASA pay for the ginia Delancey and Bogumil Jewsiewicki. The terms of all printing of its brochure, which will be identical to the for­ three members are scheduled to continue in 1990. mat of the outreach brochure. The Caucus also plans to compile a membership directory. 9. Other Business The Caucus members were pleased that many African Ottenberg reported on a meeting held to resolve pro­ and African-American women attended Caucus programs duction problems with African Studies Review. Present in Atlanta. They were concerned that a number of all-male were Ottenberg, Seidman, Nzongola-Ntalaja, Bay and Car­ panels were scheduled and asked that panels be monitored ol Thompson. The following arrangements were made: more carefully in future. They ask that program organizers In future, two hours will be allotted on the agenda of avoid scheduling panels relevant to women at conflicting the Publications Committee to discuss ASK Thompson times. agreed to submit ASR copy on computer disks which will Child care is an Association-wide issue that the Caucus is then be style-edited at the secretariat. If disks are not willing to work to provide. ASA might offer a hotel suite, available, Thompson will supervise the keying-in of arti­ with child care providers recruited from among Association cles, the cost of which will be absorbed by the secretariat. members. One possibility would be that graduate students In the event of unresolved difficulties between the editor might come to the convention and receive free rooms in ex­ and the secretariat, problems will be communicated to the change for baby-sitting. Two Caucus members will explore chair of the Publications Committee, then to the Publica­ options and survey the experience of other organizations. tions Committee as a whole, and finally to the president of Directors urged Mack to encourage members of the the Association. Women's Caucus to submit nominations to the ASA Inter­ The Board expressed its strong support for the editor of national Visitors Program. Nyang urged that an exception ASR and enthusiastically endorsed the journal's new di­ to the one-appearance rule be made so that International rections. Visitors can be asked to appear on more than one panel to provide maximum visibility for the visitors. Mack noted The Board reviewed a request by Amnesty International that the Caucus will be approaching the Association for that letters of support for African academic prisoners of Women in Development for suggestions of potential visi­ conscience be sent. It was agreed that the president would tors. write on behalf of the prisoners and that their names would be published in ASA News. 5. Spring Board Meeting Directors agreed to meet in Boston on April 27-29,1990. Newbury reported the results of a meeting of the Ad Hoc Committee established to discuss the future of Cross­ 6. Annual Meeting Committee roads Press. Present were Newbury (chair), Bay, David Directors discussed the logistics of setting up a national Henige and Jean Hay. The committee agreed that the program committee for future annual meetings. They strengths of the Press were its ability to publish long arti­ agreed that the problems were complex, involving local or­ cles and other materials not of interest to commercial ganizers, the Board and affiliate groups that sponsor panels. presses but important to the field of African studies. They After discussion, the Board agreed that guidelines would recommended that in future ASA publications be centered need to be set up and a chair for a national program com­ on four series: the arts, medical studies, Africa in the class­ mittee selected for 1992. 51. Louis will be a transitional situ­ room and reference materials. An editor will be sought for ation in which Victor Le Vine will serve as program chair, each series and mechanisms will be devised for the solici­ working in conjunction with a locally-based committee sup­ tation and review of manuscripts. No final recommenda­ plemented by representatives of major sponsoring groups. tion on a new name for the press was made. The Board discussed a request from the Current Issues Atlanta annual meeting. She reminded Board members of Committee that travel funds be allocated to assist CIC in the policy that Directors are required to resign if they must organizing panels which include persons who are not aca­ be absent from two or more consecutive meetings. demics. The Board agreed to contribute $300 for the next annual meeting. Barnes thanked the secretariat staff for their work on the

BUSINESS MEETING Saturday, November 4, 1989. 6pm. was completed on September 28. Thus the ASA is now a York Room, Hyatt Regency Hotel, Atlanta. non-profit corporation based in the state of Delaware. In keeping with the Bylaws of our new corporation, we 1. Installation of the New President moved to a July I-June 30 fiscal year this summer. The ac­ President Simon Ottenberg called the meeting to order. ~ountantsl financial statements for the fiscal half-year end­ 109 June 30 show a deficit of $6983. We are concerned with He t~nked the retiring past president, Nzongola-Ntalaja, for hIS work as an officer of the Association and expressed th~ deficit,.though we anticipate that the current fiscal year his appreciation for the work of retiring Board members wIll end WIth a modest surplus that will offset these losses. Mario Azevedo, Pauline Baker and Allen Isaacman. He Membership in the Association is rising. As of this mo­ then turned the meeting over to incoming president Ann ment, we are larger by some 250 individual members than Seidman. . we were at this time last year. We hope to continue to gro~ by expanding member services and by improving the 2. Report of the Executive Secretary qualIty .of our member publications. In this regard, I Edna Bay read the following report: would lIke to announce that we will publish an ASA mem­ ber directory of 1990 members. I urge all members to re­ As you may imagine, arrangements for the Atlanta An­ new within the renewal deadlines so that they may be list­ nual Meeting were a major preoccupation of the Secretariat ed. in this past year, particularly in the months leading up to November. In addition to the assistance offered by mem­ 3. Report of the Treasurer bers of the Program AdVisory Committee, I would like to Joseph C. Miller presented the following report: thank publicly the sponsoring academic institutions: Emo­ ry University, Agnes Scott College, Morris Brown College Position: and Clark-Atlanta University. Several other Atlanta insti­ The Treasurer of the Association is responsible for over­ tutions were of significant assistance in our planning, in sight of the Executive Secretary in custody of the funds of providing financial and in-kind support: the office of the the Corporation and for the provision of adequate and ac­ mayor, the APEX museum, the Atlanta Third World Film c~rate ~cords of its financial transactions. The position at­ tamed ItS present form, appointment for a term of five ~estival and the Coca-Cola Company. I would especially lIke to thank our new exhibits coordinator, David Gardini­ years, as a result of a proposal to the Board of Directors er, who unfortunately cannot be present at this meeting be­ voted as an amendment to the Bylaws of the Association in cause of his duties. 1988. The Board of Directors appointed me to the position Several on-going projects came to fruition during this at the Chicago annual meeting in November 1988, and I as­ year. The Hom of Africa Conference, sponsored jointly by sumed the responSibilities of the position immediately. the ASA and the African Association of Political Science, The Board of Directors, as the elected representatives of the was held in Madrid, Spain, September 12-14. Hosted by membershp of the Association, establishes policy, and the the University of Alcala, the Conference was sponsored by Treasurer exercises technical functions, including liaison the Ford Foundation, the MacArthur Foundation, the Pres­ among the Executive Secretary, her staff, the accountants, byterian Church (USA), the International Center for Devel­ Emory University as institutional host for the Association, opment Policy and the Swedish Agency for Research Coop­ and the Board. The Treasurer, whose term does not coin­ eration with Developing Countries. The Horn of African cide with that of the Executive Secretary, also may provide Conference in Madrid was followed by the symposium of informed continuity in support of members of the Board, who rotate through their positions on a three-year cycle, or the. sam~ nam~, sponsored by the Carter Center of Emory UniVerSIty, whIch was a keynote event of this annual meet­ over the transition from one Executive Secretary to anoth­ ing. er. The corporate merger undertaken by the Board in 1988 Functions: Brietzke, Beverly Grier, Goran Hyden, Daniel Weiner. The principal activities of the Treasurer in 1989, the first year of the new position, centered on structuring budgets Seidman urged all members to vote in ASA elections. in a form suitable for Board analysis, the design of a struc­ ture of accounts and reports that will allow adequate con­ 5. Reports of ASA Committees trol, and planning for the long-range development of mem­ ber services at a reasonable level of dues and fees. The Archives-Libraries (report presented by John Bruce How­ Treasurer attended meetings of the Board and its various ell, University of Iowa) committees, made the first of a planned series of annual on-site visits to the Secretariat at Emory University and re­ The Committee met for its spring meeting, April 12-15, viewed all accounts and reports. 1989, at the University of Florida, Gainesville, where it con­ Status: centrated much of its time in composing and writing the The operations of the Secretariat proceeded with exem­ Guidelines for Libraries Interacting with South Africa. The plary efficiency and creativity in 1988 and 1989, as the Guidelines were approved by concensus and published in timely appearance of ASA News, the surplus on the books the Committee's Africana Libraries Newsletter 59 (July 1989): at the end of 1988, and the ability of the staff to shoulder 4-5 and also in ASA News 22, no. 3 (July/Sept. 1989): 19-21. the organization of the 1989 annual meeting in addition to In addition, copies were forwarded to the Centre Against their normal duties amply demonstrated. Apartheid, United Nations, New York, and to major organ­ The Association is enjoying generous and responsive izations publishing information for librarians in South Afri­ support from its institutional host, Emory University, as ca. This past week we have learned that the South African well as from the institutions where the editors of the publi­ Institute for Librarianship and Information Science has cations of the Association are based: the Uni versity of published the Guidelines in their latest newsletter. Two Southern California for the African Studies Review, the Uni­ committees of the American Library Association have is­ versity of Wisconsin for History in Africa, and Haverford sued their own drafts of the Archives-Libaries Committee's College for Issue. It is a pleasure to acknowledge with ap­ Guidelines this past summer. preciation the subsidies that those institutions qUietly pro­ More than a hundred members attended our roundtable vide to the ASA. on the "Book Famine" on November 3, which extended last The operations of the Association ran in 1988 at a modest year's panel discussion into other cooperative opportuni­ surplus, as reported in ASA News (April/June 1989, pp. 5­ ties with the American Association for the Advancement of 12), and thus contributed to the initiation of a reserve fund Science (AAAS) and other interested organizations. At this capable of sustaining the Association's services to its mem­ meeting the Committee established a "Task Force on the bers even in the event of an unexpected crisis in some as­ Book Famine" in order to identify critical problems in send­ pect of its operations. My advice, in line with the practices ing books to Africa, to work with other US and internation­ of comparable scholarly organizations, is to maintain a rea­ al organizations, and to publish information on the activi­ sonable yearly surplus until the Association has built up an ties of concerned organizations with similar interests in the endowment adequate to its security. Committee's Africana Libraries Newsletter. The unaudited accounts of June 30, 1989, show a small Initial steps were taken in identifying new bibliographies deficit for the one-time six-month fiscal year resulting from for the Conover-Porter Award, 1990. Within the associa­ the reincorporation of the Association in Delaware and the tion, our liaison with the ASA Publications Committee con­ shift from a calendar fiscal year (1988) to an academic fiscal tinues through our representative. year (July 1-June 30). We expect that the first full fiscal The Cooperative Africana Microform Project (CAMP) in year under the new system will generate a surplus similar cooperation with the Center for Research Libraries (CRL), to that in 1988. Chicago, continues to acquire African newspapers, journals The Treasurer anticipates a visit to the Secretariat early and archives material on microform as part of its preserva­ in 1990, with preparation of a budget for 1990-91 in time tion program. Currently, titles under consideration for for the Board to consider at its May meeting and the formu­ purchase are from Cape Town and East London, South Af­ lation of longer-range plans to plan for building endow­ rica, and also include the Times of Swaziland. Archive files ment and developing member services in 1992 and beyond. from Botswana, Liberia and Namibia are being considered as possible purchases. "CAMP Acquisitions" regularly ap­ 4. Report of the Nominating Committee pears in the Center's newsletter Focus. Ann Seidman reported that the following persons had At this meeting officials from the Overseas Operations been named to the slate of candidates for officers and direc­ Division of Library of Congres told us that the Library's re­ tors to be elected to terms beginning at the end of 1990: quest for a West Africa field office has been deferred until For Vice President: Edmond J. Keller and C. S. Whitaker the 1991 fiscal year. Members of the Committee consider For Directors: Joel D. Barkan, Paul A. Beckett, Paul H. the establishment of the office to be one of its major priori­ I ties for the coming year. The Committee urges members of a spring meeting in 1991 in Washington, DC at the invita­ the Association, its Board and Executive to support the tion of Beverly Gray, Head, African Section, Library of creation of a West Africa office by writing to members of Congress. Congress and testifying before the appropriate congres­ At a special reception on November 3, Julian W. Wither­ sional appropriations subcomittee when the Library's bud­ ell, Chief, African and Middle Eastern Division, Library of get is brought to the floor next year. Congress, presented Hans Panofsky, Curator, Melville J. Members of the Committee continue to compile and an­ Herskovits Library of African Studies, Northwestern Uni­ notate bibliographies such as "African Referene Works: An versity, with a festschrift entitled Africana Resources and Col­ Annotated List of 1988 Titles," the fourth such list in Afri­ lections: Three Decades of Development and Achievement (Me­ can Book Publishing Record, 15 (1989): 79-87; the 1989 "List"is tuchen, NJ: Scarecrow, 1989), in honoring Hans Panofsky in press. In addition, "Guidelines for Compiling Africana for his distinguished contributions to African studies and Bibliographies," will be published in the next issue of ASA African bibliography. News. At the Committee's Business Meeting Phyllis Bischof, Issues 57-60 of the Africana Libraries Newsletter, edited University of California, Berkeley, was elected the new and published for the Committee by the African Studies Chair, and Peter Malanchuk, University of Florida as Vice Area Specialist, Indiana University Libraries (E660 Main Li­ Chair/Chair-Elect. The Committee would like to give spe­ brary, Bloomington, IN 47405) contain the minutes, agen­ cial thanks to Edna Bay for her help a'nd guidance in das and documents of the Committee, as well as citations strengthening our communication with the rest of the As­ to new publications and serials from and about Africa with sociation. addresses of the source. There is also information on pub­ lishing by African organizations, both public and private. Arts Council of the ASA (report presented by Mary Jo Ar­ The African Studies Program and the Libraries at Indiana noldi, Smithsonian Institution) University sponsor the publication and distribution (400 copies in the US and 200 abroad) of the Newsletter with a This past year was an exciting year for the Arts Council rising subsidy now at $2000 per annum. In particular, the culminating in a number of scholarly activities and initia­ $.85 per issue postage to our colleagues on the African con­ tives now being undertaken by the organization. The tinent makes it difficult for us to make the Newsletter better Eighth Triennial Symposium on African Art was held in known there than is now the case. We ask the Board to Washington, OC from June 14-17, 1989. The Symposium consider financial support for the Newsletter, especially for was organized by the Arts Council and hosted by the Na­ its distribution. tional Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution. It The forthcoming edition of American and Canadian Docto­ was attended by 289 participants from North America, Af­ ral Dissertations and Masters Theses on Africa, 1974-1987, rica and Europe. The symposium opened with a day-long 8,500 titles, continues to be supplemented by "Recent Doc­ workshop on African Art and Museums and was followed toral Dissertations," in ASA News. In regard to disserta­ by three days of panels, plenary sessions, roundtables and tions in Africa universities, CAMP is currently negotiating a film program devoted to the arts of Africa and the Afri­ with the Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire (IFAN) to can Diaspora. film and obtain its Student Papers for the period 1920s­ Several awards were given by ACASA this year in recog­ 1940s. There is continued interest by members of the Asso­ nition of outstanding leadership and scholarship in African ciation in preserving and having accesss to African disser­ arts. The second ACASA Leadership Award was present­ tations. The first step would be to compile a bibliography ed at the Symposium Banquet to two outstanding scholars of published lists of disssertations of individual African in the field of African arts. The award was presented post­ universities. The number of titles would be noted along humously to Douglas Fraser, art historian, and to Warren with subject content where possible. At this stage preser­ D'Azevedo, anthropologist. Warren D'Azevedo gave a vation funds for the dissertations would need to be sought thoughtful, provocative and eloquent address at the Ban­ under th auspices of CAMP, CRL, ASA and other interest­ quet which was subsequently published in the ACASA ed organizations. Newsletter (No. 24, Sept. 1989) and in African Arts Journal Mary K. D. Pietris, Chief of the Library of Congress Sub­ (vol. XXIII, no. I, Nov. 1989). The first Arnold Rubin Out­ ject Cataloging Division, wrote to thank members of the standing Publication Award was also presented at the Tri­ Subcommiittee on Cataloging for their list of 32 African ennial Symposium Banquet. The award named in memory ethnic groups which will update the Library's current on­ of Arnold Gary Rubin, art historian, will be offered trienni­ line records. ally to a book of original SCholarship and excellence in vis­ As a cost-cutting experiement, the Committee's spring ual presentation which makes a significant contribution to meeting will not be held in 1990. Instead, the Committee the understanding of the arts and material culture of Africa will begin its fall meeting one day earlier than the conven­ and the African diaspora. Publishers were invited to nomi­ ing of the ASA annual meeting in Baltimore. There will be nate titles for the award and winners were selected by the awards committee. The first place award was given to Su­ comes at a time when a number of Title VI centers are zanne Preston Blier for The Anatomy of Architecture: On­ cutting back on their formal outreach programs. Currently tology and Metaphor in Batammaliba Architectural Expres­ only three centers have full-time outreach coordinators. sion, Cambridge University Press, NY, 1987. Four The agenda of the meeting focused on addressing the honorable mentions were awarded: Marla Berns and Barba­ critical outreach imperative of representing Africa to an ap­ ra Hudson Rubin, The Essential Gourd: Art and History in athetic and often misinformed North American public in Northeastern Nigeria, Museum of Cultural History, UCLA, an era of reduced federal and institutional support for out­ Los Angeles, 1986; Christraud Geary, Images from Bamun: reach endeavors. , German Colonial Photography at the Court of King Njoya, Numerous potential cooperative outreach projects and '1 Cameroon, West Africa, Smithsonian Institution, Washing­ prospective funding sources were discussed. The commit­ ton, DC, 1988; John W. Nunley, Moving with the Face of tee, by consensus, agreed to present the ASA Board and the the Devil: Art and Politics in Urban West Africa, University ASA Development Committee with a list of eight outreach of Illinois Press, Urbana, IL, 1987; and Chrsitopher Roy, Art cooperative projects for potential external grant funding. of the Upper Volta Rivers, Allain and Francois Chaffin, Par­ In addition, the Outreach Committee agreed to address is, 1987. Winning publishers are granted the right to use the issue of inaccurate, inadequate and often sterotypical the award designation in publicity connected with the dis­ presentation of Africa in K-12 textbooks through a collec­ tribution of the books. tively produced guidelines for text-book publishers. These The ACASA newsletter is published quarterly and dis­ guidelines would be forwarded to all major North Ameri­ tributed to the 249 members of the association in North can textbook publishers under the cover of the ASA Board America, Africa and Europe. An additional 140 compli­ and the Outreach Committee. mentary copies are also distributed to African and Caribbe­ The Outreach Committee adjourned its annual meeting an institutions involved in the study of the arts. This past reinvigorated, recommitted to the outreach imperative and year ACASA began an Art Book Distribution project. Janet cautiously optimistic concerning the potential for coopera­ Stanley, Chief Librarian of the Warren Robbins Library, tive endeavors. National Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution, Officers of the ASA Outreach Committee for 1989-90 are: is organizing the distribution effort. In this first phase of John Metzler, Michigan State University - Chair the program a selection of books and catalogues on the arts Jo Sullivan, Boston University - Associate Chair of Africa and the African Diaspora published by the Na­ Patricia Kuntz, University of Wisconsin-Madison ­ tional Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution, the Secretary Museum of Cultural History, UCLA, and Iowa University are now being distributed to 100 university libraries, mu­ Women's Caucus (report presented by Deborah Mack of seums and research institutions in Africa and the Caribbe­ Mack, Carrillo & Associates) an. ACASA initiatives are also underway in the areas of development and distribution of visual and text resources During the 1989 calendar year the Women's Caucus of for the teaching of the art of Africa and the African Diaspo­ the African Studies Association increased both in its mem­ ra as well as initiatives in support of archaeology in Africa. bership as well as in its informal and institutional collabo­ ACASA planning committees are currently developing pro­ ration with a number of organizations. More specifically, grams and exploring potential funding sources. the Caucus began development of an international invento­ ry of scholars involved in women's studies; initiated sys­ Outreach Committee (report presented by John Metzler, tematic communication with women's studies centers in Michigan State University) Africa; continued the collection and distribution of wom­ en's history and other related course syllabi. The annual meeting of the ASA Outreach Committee In the November business meeting a number of concerns was held on November 2 in Atlanta. The Outreach Com­ were voiced by the membership, concerns which generated mittee is very pleased to report that fifteen members at­ a number of new priorities for the Caucus: tended the annual meeting. this figure is Significant, rela­ The Women's Caucus needs greater organizational visi­ tive to the five persons who attended the outreach meeting bility. Within the ASA itself, for example, there are mem­ in Chicago in 1988. Outreach personnel from all but two of bers who do not know that the Caucus exists, much less the Title VI National Resource Centers on Africa were that it sponsors panels and visitors, that it holds an annual present. (The centers at Berkeley-Stanford and Indiana business meeting or that it sponsors an annual breakfast. were not represented.) In addition it was very gratifying Among initiatives to correct this situation are the follow­ that members from AASP and non-AASP institutions, and ing: two non-university librarians attended and actively partici­ 1. The Caucus is developing a brochure for widespread dis­ f pated in the meeting. tribution, comparable to the Outreach Committee's bro­ t This renewed interest in Outreach is important since it chure printed by the African Studies Association. Deborah I Mack, caucus co-convenor, requested funding for this pro­ Marcus proposed the following motion in response to the ject to the ASA Board during the meeting in November. ASA-sponsored Hom of Africa Conference: We hope to present camera-ready copy to the Associaiton during the winter of 1990. When the ASA sponsors a conference, the membership 2. Beginning with the 1990 meetings Caucus information, shall be apprised of said conference and invited to submit membership forms and a schedule of sponsored events will papers from which a selection may be made. be included in the registration packets. 3. We plan to set up a Women's Caucus table in the book The motion was seconded by Jim Quirin. In discussion, exhibit area in future meetings. Caucus literature would be Nzongola-Ntalaja responded that the Hom of Africa Con­ available, and caucus syllabi and reports would be for sale. ference had not been a secret, and that notice of it had been 4. We are developing a Women's Caucus membership di­ published in ASA News. rectory, in order to facilitate independent contact among members. The question was called, the vote taken and the motion The question of membership led to the question of re­ was passed. sources. The Women's Caucus requires additional resourc­ es to enhance its visibility. It was decided by an over­ There being no further business, the meeting was ad­ whelming majority vote to increase membership rates, with journed. a sliding scale to accommodate students and as well as the underemployed and unemployed. A significant percentage of the additional revenues gen­ erated will be used to subsidize the attendance and partici­ pation of African women scholars to the ASA meetings. Finally, there were a number of long-term as well as short-term concerns: 1. The Caucus feels it is important to insure that senior women scholars are included among the designated senior scholars who will sit on the proposed plenary sessions and roundtables at next year's meetings in Baltimore. African Cinema Now!, essays on African film 2. There were a noticeable number of all-male panels at the prod uced for the ASA Atlanta Annual Meeting, 1989 meetings, the first year in which the Women's Caucus is available through the ASA Secretariat. The 20­ did not moniter the constitution of panels. We unanimous­ page booklet includes essays by prominent film ly agreed that annual monitering must be resumed. scholars and critics Mbye Cham, Manthia Dia­ 3. The matter of quality childcare provisions during the an­ wara and Teshome Gabriel. Cham delineates nual meetings is an issue of concern to the ASA as a whole, contemporary issues and trends in African cine­ and not confined to the Women's Caucus. The Caucus is ma. Diawara evaluates three narrative move­ willing to assist the Association in whatever research or in­ ments discemable in African cinema: socialist re­ formation gathering is necessary to provide this service to alism, colonial confrontation, and the return to the ASA membership. One long-term solution suggested source. Gabriel explores the distinctive nature of calls for the Association to set aside monies for an annual African filmmaking. child care subsidy, to be matched or supplemented by ASA members may obtain copies at cost members who wish to avail themselves of the service. when they renew their membership. Non­ members may purchase the booklet for $3 pre­ 6. Report of the Elections Committee paid from the African Studies Association, Cred­ it Union Building, Emory University, Atlanta, Elections Committee chair Edna Bay thanked the other GA30322. members of the committee, Sidney Kasfir and Amare Tekle. The following persons were elected to begin serving terms in November 1989: Vice President: Martin A. Klein Directors: Carol M. Eastman, Christraud Geary and Sandra Greene 7. Other Business

Seidman opened the floor to other business. Harold SUMMARY OF COOPERATIVE AFRICANA MICROFILMING PROJECT (CAMP)

Thursday, November 2, 1989, Hyatt scribe to the microfilm editions of the ready holds 1903-1924; Guardian, Regency Hotel, Atlanta following newspapers: Cameroon Trib­ 1937-1962 (Cape Town); Huisgenott (Full minutes distributed to member une (Yaounde), Ghanaian Times (Ac­ 1946-1950 (Cape Town); African Sec­ libraries and published in Africana Li­ cra), Standard (Nairobi), Madagascar tional Committee of the Manchestem braries Newsletter.) Matin, Daily Times (Blantyre), Diario de Chamber of Commerce & Industry: Mocambique (Beira), Windhoek Advertis­ Minutes, 1892-1926. Preservation mi­ Moore Crossey (Yale), Hunt Davis er, Le Sahel (Niamey), National Concord crofilming at Northwestern and Mich­ (Florida) and Karen Fung (Stanford) (Ikeja), Nigeria Standard (Jos), The igan State universities continues, with were elected to the Executive Commit­ Guardian (Lagos), Weekly Mail (Braam­ copies of film going to CAMP. tee for 1989-91. ContinUing elected fontein), New Nation (Johannesburg), After the business meeting, the members are Joe Lauer (Michigan Sowetan (Johannesburg), Sudan Times Executive Committee reelected Lauer State), Peter Malanchuk (Florida), Hel­ (Khartoum), Elima (Kinshasa), Zambia as Chair for 1989/90 and asked CRL ene Baumann (Duke) and Norman Daily Mail, and the Chronicle (Bulaw­ to more actively solicit dissertations Bennett (Boston). ayo). from African universities. As part of a project to build up the Other planned purchases include holdings of newspapers, CRL will sub­ Ilanga lAse Natal, 1924-1978; CAMP al­ Submitted by Joe Lauer

Tecnica Southern Africa Program: Tecnica receives requests for technical assistance from the ANC, SWAPO, Zimbabwe and Mozambique. It in tum matches qualified volunteers with projects according to those expressed needs. Skills needed include: computerization (PCs and Macintosh), including installation, software application, service and repair; printing/publishing; skilled trades; education; health care; communication; engineering; agri­ culture; small business and financial management. Placements range from four weeks to three months, with all living and working arrangements coordinated by Tecnica field staff. Interested technicians are encouraged to submit applications as much in advance as possible. Contact Tecnica, 3254 Adeline Street, Berkeley, CA 94703. DISTINGUISHED AFRICANIST AWARD President Ann Seidman presented the Factor in East Africa (1952), identified Haile Selassie Prize Trust Award, and Association's Distinguished Africanist several themes in nineteenth- and in 1967 became president of the Afri­ Award for 1989 to Professor Roland Oli­ twentieth-century history which still can Studies Association of the United ver at the ASA Awards Banquet, Satur­ occupy historians. In Sir Harry John­ Kingdom. As head of the SOAS De­ day, November 4. ston and the Scramble for Africa (1957) partment of History, he contributed Forty years ago, when Professor he introduced a pan-African perspec­ greatly to development of closer links Oliver received his first appointment tive that remained a distinctive fea­ between historians of Africa and Asia. as Lecturer in history of Africa at the ture of his work. In 1958, he helped In 1981, he became President of the London School of Oriental and Afri­ arrange a series of BBC broadcasts British Institute in Eastern Africa, and can Studies, few Americans knew that became the core of The Dawn of after that every year not only visited much about that vast continent. Even African History (1961), followed by a the Institute's Nairobi headquarters, in England, most people perceived Af­ further series of radio talks, The Mid­ but looked in on current excavations rica as little more than an extension of dle Age of African History (1967). and visited local universities. Europe's imperial grasp. Recognizing the immensity of the Professor Oliver supervised forty­ Undaunted, Roland Oliver and a task of gathering, analyzing and dis­ two theses on a wide variety of as­ few others set about training a core of seminating the facts of African histo­ pects of sub-Saharan African history. historians who-in the next four dec­ ry, Oliver increasingly engaged in col­ A fourth of these used primarily oral ades-transformed European and laborative efforts. In 1959, John Fage evidence rather than documentary American perceptions of Africa's role joined him at SOAS. Together, they sources. Twenty-six have been pub­ in world history. launched the path-breaking Journal of lished. The students he supervised in­ Early on, Oliver spent a sabbatical African History which they edited until cluded a large number of Africans, in Legon with John Fage, discovering 1973. In 1961, they organized another some of whom, like Adu Boahen, lat­ the opportunities and challenges fac­ seminal conference on African history er established their own graduate ing Africa's new universities. With his and archeology. The following year, schools. wife, Caroline, he drove across equato­ they published the first comprehen­ Perhaps the most fitting tribute to rial Africa to Uganda, where he inves­ sive history of the continent, A Short Professor Roland Oliver comes from tigated the possibilities of collecting History of Africa (1962). In his contri­ an African scholar, Dr. Said S. Sama­ oral traditions. Back in England, he es­ bution to the first volume of the Ox­ tar, Professor of African History at tablished a weekly African history ford History of East Africa (1963), which Rutgers University. Dr. Said never seminar, a vital meeting place for re­ he edited with Gervase Mathew, he met Professor Oliver. Nevertheless, in search students and scholars from oth­ proposed additional wide-ranging hy­ his letter nominating Professor Oliver er colleges and universities. In 1953, potheses which spurred further re­ for the ASA Distinguished Africanist he organized at SOAS the first interna­ search into pre-European history. Award, Dr. Said wrote: tional conference on African history, In 1963, the University of London When I embarked on my history an outstanding success that revealed appointed Professor Oliver to the first graduate study at Northwestern both his organizational ability and his chair in African history in a British University . . . we had to spend imaginative, intellectual vision. There, university, a base from which he con­ much energy ... defending our­ he established a close working rela­ tinued to broaden the impact of his selves against the attacks of Ameri­ canist and Europeanist historians tionship with archaeologists, and ini­ scholarly activity. Appointed in 1966 who openly ridiculed the notion tiated links with Africanists in France as General Editors of the Cambridge that the Dark Continent had a past and elsewhere. A second conference, History of Africa, by 1986 he and Fage worthy of studying. Today the in 1957, witnessed a dramatic increase had supervised the completion of pendulum has swung one hundred in the presence of Africans and begin­ eight volumes. Oliver himself edited eighty degrees, with those same ning ties with US scholars. With Jan Volume Three (c. 1050 - c. 1600), co­ scholars opining that an under­ Vansina's presence, the 1957 confer­ edited Volume Six (c. 1870 - c. 1905), standing of African history possi­ ence focused on oral history. Oliver and, together with archaeolOgist Brian bly holds the key to understanding also began to incorporate Malcolm Fagan on Africa in the Iron Age (1975), world history. Much of the credit for this happy rehabilitation of our Guthrie's classification of Bantu lan­ one of a series in which he and Antho­ heritage goes to a half dozen men, guages into what the late Michael ny Atmore wrote two other volumes, principally to Oliver, B. Davidson, Crowder termed a "bold and im­ Africa Since 1800 (1967) and The Afri­ and others. The lonely, often unre­ mensely stimulating, if controversial, can Middle Ages (1981). warded devotion of these men has hypothesis" on the expansion of Ban­ Professor Oliver held visiting pro­ done much to revolutionize Afri­ tu-speakers in Africa. fessorships at Brussels, Northwestern can history to a respectable field Oliver's first book, The Missionary and Harvard. In 1966, he received the worthy of global attention. HERSKOVITS AWARD The following remarks were made by clearly that conventional academic at ease in mobilizing both "native" John Middleton, Chair of the Herskovits disciplinary boundaries are outmod­ and Western political resources, while Committee, at the award presentation, No­ ed. All make informed and effective the civil servant, out of his Cartesian vember4, 1989, in Atlanta. use of many approaches, in particular universe, can respond only by crude those of history, anthropology, eco­ violence. It has been a great honor to chair nomics, politics, art history, philoso­ This true "fable" is the story of a this Awards Committee for the Mel­ phy and religious studies. They also young white man living on the boun­ ville J. Herskovits Award. This year show the complementarity of African dary between "native" and white so­ the Committee consisted of Virginia and non-African scholarship, irrespec­ cieties. His skin was white but his so­ Delancey, of the Department of Eco­ tive of race and ethnicity. These books cial being was "native," as Phinehas nomics at the American University in form a body of work from which we Macintosh himself insisted. The re­ Cairo; Bogumil Jewsiewicki of the De­ in African studies may all take inspi­ gent established that the only link of partment of History at Universite La­ ration and encouragement. MacIntosh with the colonial world val; and myself, of the Departments of I am pleased to announce in al­ was his skin color, and his recogni­ Anthropology and Religious Studies, phabetical order the joint winners for tion of Tshekedi as his chief was a Yale University. 1988: Joseph C. Miller for Way of confirmation of the latter's sovereign­ Our task has been to select those Death: Merchant Capitalism and the An­ ty. For his public behavior the regent, books on Africa that we consider the golan Slave Trade, 1730-1830, published Tshekedi Khama, summoned him to finest scholarly books published in by the University of Wisconsin Press, the native court and gave the punish­ English during 1988. Any such choice and V. Y. Mudimbe for The Invention ment of flogging. The Resident Com­ must necessarily be a somewhat per­ of Africa: Gnosis, Philosophy and the Or­ missioner, Charles Rey, jumped im­ sonal one, satisfactory to some and un­ der of Knowledge, published by Indiana mediately at this seeming satisfactory to others of you. All three University Press. opportunity to get rid of the main ob­ of us have read all the books submit­ stacle to his "civilizing" mission. Rey ted by publishers and have kept in Professors Miller and Mudimbe each is trapped in his own world, prisoner constant communication with one an­ donated the cash portion of their Herskov­ of this rational perception that divid­ other. its Award for relief of the African book fa­ ed the "traditional" and the "mod­ Our criteria have essentially been mine. Professor Miller has arranged for em"; in his view the last, being white, two: to find deep and honest scholar­ the donation and delivery of copies of his could not but win, but in the event it ship, and originality of analysis. We book to scholars and institutions in Africa lost. have not chosen books that evince (see Letters, p. 3 ). Professor Mudimbe's This book sends a powerful mes­ only one of the criteria. We have taken portion will support the purchase and de­ sage. As in Pirandello's theater, the no notice of conventional disciplines; livery of books in French to institutions in reader finds himself not outside, but of age, gender, or ethnicity of authors; Zaire. inside the story, unable to escape re­ nor of authors' reputations. We have ed. flection about power and the nature not considered edited or translated Finalists for the Herskovits Award of racism. works but only those written by single or joint authors; some authors we have Michael Crowder, The Flogging of Phi­ Patrick R. McNaughton, The Mande chosen live in this country; others do nehas MacIntosh: A Tale of Colonial Folly Blacksmiths: Knowledge, Power and Art not, but that does not matter so long and Injustice, Bechuanaland 1933. New in West Africa. Bloomington: Indiana as the books are published, for the first Haven, Yale University Press. University Press. time, in 1988. We have chosen two books for This exceptional but very simple This book is perhaps the first of joint award, and five others as run­ account could be written only by a many published on African art that ners-up, a decision of considerable an­ great historian; and it is sadly his last studies the full social and cultural guish. The number of finalists is less book. It is a story of the ambiguities of roles of the makers of the art. It con­ than in previous years, but there is colonialism, in which an ambitious siders the blacksmiths not merely as nothing deliberate in this: it reflects British civil servant dreams of trans­ technical specialists, members of a de­ merely the quality of the books sub­ forming Tswana society by radical ec­ spised but feared "caste," but also as mitted. All seven books make, by im­ onomic development. This clashes healers, diviners, bards, praise-sayers, plication, the point that African stud­ with the deliberate long-term political and other kinds of ritual and holy ies is at last growing up. They all show actions of the African regent, who is men. They form endogamous groups separated from the rest of society by tailed statistical data and also vividly University Press. taboos and their feared control of sor­ effective oral and biographical evi­ cery. The book contains detailed ac­ dence over a long period with great This remarkable book has two counts not only of the blacksmith's subtlety and skill. main aims, and succeeds brilliantly in craft itself (which entails making both of them. The first is to show the many kinds of tools and sculptures> Joseph C. Miller. Way of Death: Mer­ ways in which both European and Af­ but also of their knowledge of the "sci­ chant Capitalism and the Angolan Slave rican scholars, in many fields, have ence of trees" and other forms of oc­ Trade 1730-1830. Madison: University conceptualized an "Africa," either cult knowledge. These enable them to of Wisconsin Press. "the other" or "ourselves," but both mediate both between human beings defined in terms of their counterparts, and non-human forces but also be­ Miller's study of the South Atlan­ at different periods over a time-span tween human beings themselves. They tic slave trade during the 18th century of many centuries, with different in­ act as circumcisers and so are respon­ has caught the human dimension of tentions and agenda, and with differ­ sible for initiation into adulthood and Africans' complex involvement both ent degrees of cultural comprehen­ for the carvings of the masks used in as victims and also as agents and trad­ sion. Their interpretations, re­ initiation. McNaughton skillfully anal­ ers, as well as that of the Portuguese, interpretations, counter­ yses them as "men of means," holders Luso-Africans, and Brazilians. Miller interpretations and mythologies are of an essential and ambiguous role reconstructs the relationships between discussed with understanding and who construct moral space by their these groups' complementary roles in with sympathy. The second aim is to making and use of objects in which are their respective economies, analyzing analyze this complex history of isolated and then recreated the basic the commodification of human beings thought as essentially a problem in elements and forms of the Mande uni­ in the expansion of European mer­ philosophy, history and, if you like, verse so as to be given meaning for chant capitalism and the processes of theology. He links the two aims by a Mande society. This is a book of subtle social differentiation within Angola subtle and insightful discussion of the and sensitive scholarship. and Brazil. He gives an incredibly de­ works of many scholars: earlier and tailed picture of the mechanics of the recent African writers from Blyden to Susan M. Martin, Palm Oil and trade, its victims, its organizers, and Hountondji and others less known in Protest: An Economic History of the its beneficiaries. this country than they should be; Eu­ Ngwa Region, South-eastern Nigeria, When slaves-as-dependents en­ ropeans from Herodotus through Fro­ 1800-1980. New York: Cambridge Uni­ tered the Atlantic trade, they either benius, Evans-Pritchard, and Fou­ versity Press. died or emerged as slaves-as-property cault; the anthropologists versus the and as capital, extending Europe's missionaries; and others. His inter­ This account of the economic and reach in Africa and the Americas be­ mingling of these seemingly diverse particularly the social and cultural as­ yond the previous scale of investment elements to produce a single stream pects of the palm oil industry in south­ in Europe. On the African side, the de­ of ever-developing thought and un­ eastern Nigeria is an outstanding case nudation of women by slavery made derstanding, in which Africans and study of colonial rule over almost two young women scarce commodities, non-Africans are seen as complemen­ centuries. It deals with the production, and African warlords maximized tary and influencing each other, is financing, and export of palm oil as their political power by their control masterly. This book goes, with a deep they were influenced by and in tum over the human sources of fertility re­ sense of truth, to the heart of a prob­ effected changes in means of produc­ maining in Angola; meanwhile entre­ lem whose subtlety few of us have tion and the complex networks of in­ preneurs in London, Lisbon, and Bra­ previously even glimpsed, and sets a terlinked relations between local areas zil amassed land and wealth. Miller new standard for our thinking about and lineages, men and women, rich shows how the Angolan trade linked Africa, for both Africans and non­ and poor, successive generations, and the autonomous yet complementary Africans. Christians and non-Christians. The universes of Angola, Portugal and rise of the palm oil trade and its later Brazil into a single system of exploita­ Catharine Newbury. The Cohesion of decline and substitution by cassava tion. This impressive book sets a new Oppression: Clientship and Ethnicity in production and labor migration are standard in studies of the African Rwanda 1860-1960. New York: Colum­ clearly analyzed. The emphases are slave trade and the wider economic bia University Press. upon local groups and categories and and social systems based on it. on new forms of political protest and This book, based on a theoretical­ organization, the most prominent be­ Valentin Y. Mudimbe. The Invention of ly informed framework with histori­ ing by women. The account moves Africa: Gnosis, Philosophy, and the Order cal and empirical research at the local quickly and coherently, using both de­ of Knowledge. Bloomington: Indiana level, examines the process leading to the Rwandan revolution of 1959-61. of political oppression and economic ru and Rendille, both of a similar tra­ The abolition of the monarchy and the explOitation and so the Rwandan rev­ ditional way of life as the Maasai. The dramatic change in the ethnic compo­ olution. The ideologization of Tutsi detail enables us to comprehend Maa­ sition of the ruling group are analyzed identity emerged in the Rwandan sai wishes, choices, and decisions as outcomes of a political process that state before the outset of colonialism, both to remain alive as a society in a began in the later 19th century. The ex­ but was enhanced and articulated by forbidding natural and social environ­ pansion of monarchical government the Tutsi making literacy into an im­ ment and also to retain their own civ­ and the intensification of linkages portant element of class/ethnic identi­ ilization which has always been mis­ with the royal court limited the auton­ ty, and this in turn "created" Hutu understood and condemned by their omy of local lineages; and new forms ethnic consciousness. neighbors, African and non-African. of prestations offered to the few op­ The author discusses the "pastoral en­ portunities for power and status. Paul Spencer. The Maasai of Matapato: terprise," descent and marriage struc­ Thenceforth state building heightened A Study of Rituals of Rebellion. Bloom­ tures and stratagems, and the political and rigidified ethnic awareness, lead­ ington: Indiana University Press, in and military systems that provide the ing to the association of physical, cul­ association with the International Af­ mainspring for Maasai life, set within tural and social differences with politi­ rican Institute. a comparative framework of "rituals cal status. Colonial domination, of rebellion." The whole forms a sin­ missionary development, and manipu­ The strength of this book lies in its gle coherent whole seen within the lation of the control over labor, land superb ethnography of a people context of an outside world intent on and cattle, increased the polarization whose name is known everywhere forcing change on people who do not of ethnic groups. This concentrated but who have never hitherto been de­ particularly want it. Today it is be­ power helped the Tutsi, who derived scribed in such analytical detail. This coming popular to decry ethnogra­ their status from association with the study is not the usual sentimental one phy: this book shows up the ignor­ colonial state, to manipulate new ma­ of noble warriors, but is based on ac­ ance of those who do so and places terial and coercive resources. The in­ tuality, using Maasai case studies and African ethnography back on its tensification of this process led to fear statements. It also draws from the au­ proper path. thor's earlier work among the Sambu­ INTERNATIONAL VISITORS PROGRAM

In recent years, scholars resident Building, Emory University, Atlanta, Persons who nominate others for overseas have participated in ASA GA 30322, and should include the fol­ full support must be prepared to ar­ Annual Meetings with the help of lowing information: range itineraries of approximately funding from the Ford Foundation, eight days for their nominees during USIA, and other organizations. The 1. Name of scholar, his or her full ad­ which the visitors might visit univer­ Board of Directors is gra teful for this dress, phone, FAX or cable contact sities or research institutions in the generous support of an essential com­ number, institutional affiliation, area US as guest lecturers. ponent of the Annual Meeting, and of specialization, and proposed paper Requests for support must be re­ works to assure that visitors from topic; ceived no later than March IS, 1990. abroad are selected so that funding is 2. Scholar's record of attendance dur­ Scholars nominated may be of any distributed equitably to qualified ap­ ing the past five years at ASA Annual nationality though the preponder­ plicants. Meetings and at other professional ance of grants will be awarded to Af­ The Association invites prospective meetings in the US; ricans. In addition to a fair represen­ panel organizers and individuals resi­ 3. Scholar's plans for participation in tation of disciplines and geographical dent overseas to submit applications other professional activities in the US areas, the selection committee will be for full or partial support to allow before and after the Annual Meeting; concerned to include an appropriate scholars based outside the United 4. Indication if scholar needs full or representation of women scholars. States to participate in the 1990 meet­ partial (local conference costs or air Priority will be given to scholars who ing. Panel organizers may request travel costs only) support; have not recently attended ASA support for one panelist only. Re­ 5. In the case of scholars nominated meetings and to those with definite quests should be addressed to the by panel organizers, the name of the plans to undertake other professional 1990 Program Committee, African panel organizer and the panel subject. activities during their visit. Studies Association, Credit Union 1990 ANNUAL MEETING INFORMATION The 33rd Annual Meeting of the 2. Methodology: How sound is the fees must accompany the submission African Studies Association will be methodology? If the abstract is on a of proposals. Fees are $25 for regular held at the Omni Inner Harbor Hotel theoretical, empirical, applied or poli­ members and $12.50 for members in Baltimore, Maryland, from Novem­ cy issue, are the positions properly with incomes less than $15,000. Indi­ ber 1 - 4, 1990. The theme of the Meet­ documented and supported? viduals normally will be accepted to ing is Africa: Development and Ethics. 3. Organization: How well does the appear only once on the program: as a abstract demonstrate a logical design? presenter, a roundtable participant, or The format of the 1990 meeting Are the data or premises and analysis a discussant. will include features that have not clearly presented? Panel proposers and participants characterized recent meetings. There 4. New Frontiers: Does the abstract on the program must be members of will be plenary sessions and forums in contain new ideas, theories or conclu­ the African Studies Association. Ap­ addition to the usual panels and sions? Are there novel applications of proval for participation by non­ roundtables. The plenary sessions and methods and/or principles? members may be granted to guests of forums will focus on aspects of the 5. Application: How relevant and in­ the Association, international scholars theme of the conference, while the structive are the issues addressed and not resident in the US and non­ panels may include an unlimited their conclusions for application to Africanist specialists. Requests for a range of interests across the disci­ Africa's development? waiver of the membership rule must plines. Plenary sessions will feature a 6. Category: To which category / be made in writing to the ASA secre­ moderator and three speakers. A for­ categories does the abstract belong: tariat. um will have a moderator and four theory, empirical, policy, compara­ presenters/discussants. The Program tive, applied, methodology, other? Scheduling a Meeting Committee welcomes and invites ide­ Organizations that plan to sched­ as from ASA members for topics and Proposing a Panel ule business meetings during the participants in the plenary sessions Organizers of panels or roundta­ course of the ASA Annual Meeting and forums. bles are asked to send the following: are asked to request space no later The number of roundtables will be 1) name, address and phone number than March 15, 1990. Please indicate comparatively limited. Desired and of panel chair(s); 2) title of panel and a in your request the length of time nec­ encouraged for roundtables will be the brief description of its purpose; and 3) essary for your meeting and provide participation of senior scholars for dis­ name, address, phone number and an estimate of attendance. Affiliates of cussions on topics such as new/future paper title for each panel member. In the Association will receive top priori­ directions for African studies; recent addition, each organizer is asked to ty in room assignments. No meeting publications worthy of disputation; ex­ send the abstracts of papers from all space can be guaranteed for organiza­ patriate private voluntary organiza­ panel participants concurrently with tions requesting space after March 15. tions; developments in tropical health, the panel proposal. Panels normally etc.. should be comprised of no more than Program Chair four presenters and one discussant. The Program Committee is Criteria for Selection Panel organizers are reminded to be chaired by Professor Willie B. La­ The Program Committee for the sensitive to gender and ethnic balance mouse-Smith of the Department of 1990 Meeting will be guided by the in the composition of their panels. In­ African American Studies, Univ-ersity criteria described below in the selec­ dividuals who are not part of orga­ of Maryland-Baltimore County, Balti­ tion of abstracts: nized panels are also invited to sub­ more, MD 21228. Phone: (301) 455­ 1. Significance: Does the abstract clear­ mit abstracts to the Program 2928 or (301) 455-2158. ly identify conceptual or empirical is­ Committee. sues? Does it bring illumination upon Panel, roundtable and paper pro­ these issues? Does it relate to the con­ posals should be mailed to the ASA ference theme or panel theme? Does it Secretariat, Credit Union Building, At­ bring insight or explanation to illumi­ lanta, GA 30322, no later than March nate the issues? 15, 1990. Conference pre-registration Panel Proposal 33rd Annual Meeting of the African Studies Association Baltimore, Maryland • November 1-4, 1990

Please complete this form and send wjth panelists' abstracts to: 1990 Annual Meeting, African Studies Association, Emory University, Credit Union Building, Atlanta, Georgia 30322. All supporting material (proposal form, abstracts, pre-registration fees and membership dues) must be received by March 15, 1990.

No panel proposal will be forwarded to the program committee until pre-registration fees and 1990 membership dues for all panel members are received. Pre-registration fees are $25.00 for regular ASA members and $12.50 for members with incomes less than $15,000. Exceptions to the membership requirement will be made upon written request for non-resident international scholars and persons whose major area of expertise is not Africa. Pre-registration fees for non-members are $60.00.

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------Fax: ------RECENT MEETINGS New York Mrican Studies Asso­ well as significant numbers of high roon; or Dr. Ayodele Agundipe, Uni­ ciation, 14th Annual Conference, school teachers and members of the versity of Benin, Department of An­ September 22-23, 1989 at SUNY New general public. thropology, Benin City, Nigeria. Paltz, New Paltz, New York. The an­ Annual memberShip fees are: nual conference of the New York Afri­ Ordinary Members (African) Profes­ can Studies Association (NYASA) had In a conference held in Yaounde sionals $10 as its theme"Africa Faces the Future." from September 4-7, 1989, African an­ Associate Members (all African­ On the first day the focus was on all thropologists from over 20 African ists) $15 aspects of African studies within this universities decided to establish a Affiliate Members (African stu­ general theme. On the second day the Pan-African Association. The confer­ dents) $ 6 focus was specifically on Southern Af­ ence was held under the theme "The Affiliate Members (other stu­ rica with plenary sessions on the up­ Teaching and Practice of Anthropol­ dents) $10 coming elections in Namibia, the role ogy in Africa." It emphasized the of the United Nations in Southern Af­ need for African anthropology to be­ rica, and the main address by His Ex­ come part of world anthropology. cellency Dr. Isack Mudenge of the Held at the initiative of African an­ Zimbabwe Permanent Mission to the thropologists who attended the 12th United Nations, in which the Ambas­ International Congress of Anthropo­ sador addressed the issue of "Post logical and Ethnological Sciences in Apartheid Southern Africa." Zagreb, Yugoslavia, June 1988, the As a result of the concern that par­ conference set up the association and ticipants at the conference felt at the decided to join the International Un­ manner in which the United Nations ion of Anthopological and Ethnologi­ has been allowing the Republic of cal Sciences. At the end of the confer­ South Africa to plan and supervise the ence, a draft constitution was adopted elections to be held in Namibia in No­ and the following officers were elect­ vember, NYASA's executive was ed: President: Paul Nchoji Nkwi asked to send a resolution protesting (Cameroon); Vice-President: A.B.c. this situation to the United Nations Occhola-Ayayo (Kenya); Vice­ and to representatives of the United President: Adama Diop (Senegal); Sec­ States government who are involved retary General: George Hagan (Gha­ and concerned with insuring the free na); Assistant Secretary General: Dedy and democratic nature of these elec­ Seri (Cote d'Ivoire); Treasurer: Ayo­ tions. dele Ogundipe (Nigeria). Over 140 people attended this Those who want to join the associ­ two-day conference which was de­ ation sl;lould send either by postal signed to appeal to the varied audi­ money order, bank transfer or by in­ ences that NYASA serves. Participants ternational money order their annual were primarily from New York state membership fees to one of the follow­ with a significant number from near­ ing addresses: President of P AA, c/o by states. They consisted of college Dr. Paul N. Nkwi, University of and university faculty and students as Yaounde, BP 755, Yaounde, Came­ FUTURE MEETINGS AND CALLS FOR PAPERS

The Art Institute of Chicago will the Poet; J. P. Clark, the Dramatist; J. with scholarly research. Abstracts are host the exhibition "Yoruba: Nine P. Clark's Autobiographical and Criti­ to be submitted by February 15. Centuries of African Art and cal Writings; J. P. Clark and the Lan­ For more information, contact Jac­ guage Question; J. P. Clark and His Thought" from February 10 to April 1, queline Davis, conference chair, or Critics; and Biographical Spectrum. 1990. In conjunction with this impor­ Phyllis G. Ray, conference coordina­ tant exhibition, the Departments of Af­ A one-page abstract of any sug­ tor, at the Social Science Research rica, Oceania, and the Americans and gested paper should reach the orga­ Center, P. O. Box 5287, Mississippi of Museum Education have planned a nizers by January IS, 1990. If accept­ State, MS 39762. Phone: (601) 325­ symposium The Yoruba Legacy in the ed, the paper, of not more than 15 A-4 7127 or 325-2495. Americas: Understanding an African Ar­ pages in length, should be received by tistic Tradition in Its New World Setting. March 1, 1990. For further information The symposium will take place write to: J. P. Clark Symposium Com­ The Pan-African Association of Friday evening, March 9, Saturday, mittee, c/o Comparative Literature Anthropologists is organizing next frogramme, P. O. Box 26 (University year (JunelJuly 1990) a conference on fost Office), University of Port Har­ the theme "The Role of Anthropolo­ Fourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. gy in the Development of Africa." The following sub-themes have been chosen and papers are being called ! The 1990 Annual Conference of for: Women anthopologists and de­ e Canadian Association of African velopment; Population Growth and tudies will take place in Halifax, its consequences; Anthropologists ova Scotia, May 9-12. Co-hosted by and ethnomedical studies; and Peo­ tDalhousie University and Saint ple's role in environmental manage­ fvlary's University, the theme will be ment. Emerging African Development The conference will take place in trategies: The Challenge of the Nairobi, Kenya unless otherwise indi­ f990s," Plenary sessions include: gov­ cated. For more information, please trnance; economic reform; African contact: Dr. Paul Nchoji Nkwi, Uni­ jmiversities; gender; the environment; versity of Yaounde, PO Box 755, ublic health; Southern Africa; non­ Yaounde, Cameroon or Dr. A.RC. overnmental organizations; the black Ocholla-Ayayo, Institute of Popula­ iaspora; and Canadian policy to­ tion Studies, University of Nairobi, ards Africa. For further information, Nairobi, Kenya. ontact: Prof. David F. Luke, Depart- ent of Political Science, Dalhousie - ...... !MMIe'!,....------...... lUniversity, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Can­ The International Workshop on For further information, contact: ada, B3H 4H6. Phone: (902) 424-2396; Urban and Regional Planning of The Art Institute of Chicago, Michigan Fax: (902) 424-2319. Mombasa and the Coastal Region, Avenue at Adams Street, Chicago, IL Kenya, will take place September 17­ 60603. Phone: (312) 443-3600. 23, 1990 under the sponsorship of Af­ "Global Perspectives on Black rican Urban Quarterly. Abstracts of pa­ Cultures" is the theme for the May pers on the theme "Urban Growth The University of Port Harcourt 17-20 Black Graduate Student Con­ and Planning of Mombasa and its En­ Third Symposium in Honour of J. P. ference, to be held on the campus of virons" must be submitted before Jan­ Clark on his 55th birthday, April 6-7, Mississippi State University. Gradu­ uary 30 to R. A. Obudho, Geography 1990 invites papers on the theme Department, University of Nairobi, P. "John Pepper Clark-The Man and ate research papers to be presented O. Box 30197, Nairobi, Kenya. Tele­ His Works." Subthemes include: Bio­ will be selected from manuscripts graphical Perspectives; the Develop­ submitted by March 1. The papers phone: (02) 720031. Telegram: Varsity, ment of J. P. Clarks's Arts; J. P. Clark, must have a single author and deal Nairobi. Telex: 22095 Varsity KE. 1 I

I! r CALLS FOR MANUSCRIPTS I Scarecrow Press, which has al­ soliciting manuscript proposals and ready published over forty volumes in manuscripts for contract considera­ Rene Pelissier, Montamets, 78630 I its series of African Historical Diction­ tion. The editors are especially inter­ Orgeval, France, has indicated the aries, is looking for authors to write or ested in publishing manuscripts need for a sequel to Robert L. Hess revise the following volumes: Egypt, which offer new theoretical inSights and Dalvan M. Coger's Semper ex Af­ If Sierra Leone and Zambia. We also and innovative methodological appli­ rica... A Bibliography of Primary need authors for a bibliography cover­ cations in the race and ethnic relations Sources for Nineteenth-century Tropi­ ing the continent by region, subject, field. Interdisciplinary and compara­ cal Africa as Recorded by Explorers, etc. If you are interested, please con­ tive perspectives are highly wel­ Missionaries, Traders, Travelers, Ad­ tact (enclosing a brief resume) Jon comed. For an initial evaluation, ministrators, Military Men, Adven­ Woronoff, Series Editor, 3839 Rodman please send a letter detailing the par­ turers, and Others (Stanford, CA: Street, NW, Washington, DC 20016. ticulars of the proposed book, mono­ Hoover Institution on War, Revolu­ graph, or anthology to: Professor John tion and Peace, 1972. 800 p.) to cover H. Stanfield, II, Sage Race and Ethnic the 20th century up to 1960. Relations Series Editor, Department of The new Sage Publications, Inc. Sociology, The College of William and Race and Ethnic Relations Series is Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185.

I ~ RESEARCH QUERIES ! Any assistance/ suggestions re­ third edition. The current edition lists guages and welcome items in addi­ t garding pre-1968 archival material in material produced by or for the The tional languages, as long as the titles ! the United States relating to Swazi­ World Bank, USAID and many other are translated into English.) They land would be greatly appreciated. governmental and intergovernmental may be published or unpublished, Please call or write to: Dorothy C. agencies, feasibility studies by con­ even preliminary. If their distribution II Woodson, Social Sciences Bibliogra­ sulting firms, articles and books, the­ is restricted in any way, I will note pher, Lockwood Memorial Library, ses and dissertations, etc. I would be that fact in my bibliography, as I have SUNY/Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260. most grateful for any additional con­ done in the first two editions, and Work Phone: (716) 636-2817. Home tributions you or your colleagues can treat them most discreetly. I would Phone: (716) 836-1696. make. also be happy to pay all costs of re­ Specifically, I need copies (or at production and postage. I1 least complete citations) of any mate­ Please send all materials to: Mar­ i· I have been working for more rials you may have concerning the in­ tin Glassner, Department of Geogra­ than twenty-five years on questions of ternational transport arrangements or phy, Southern Connecticut State Uni­ access to and from the sea and of uses facilities (including sea and river versity, 501 Crescent St., New Haven, of the sea by land-locked states. This ports, transshipment points, customs CT06515. work has included my Bibliography formalities, transit agreements, high­ on Land-Locked States, currently in ways and railways, air transport, etc.) or uses of the sea (such as shipping I its second edition. I have continuing 1, need for materials on land-locked and fishing) of any land-locked coun­ states, since this is an on-going project try or countries. The material may be for me, and I already have some 300 in any language. (I already list in my additional items to include in the bibliography materials in sixteen lan­ AWARDS AND FELLOWSHIPS PAS-NU Fellowships, 1990-91, Economics, English, French and Ital­ of African Studies. for graduate training in African Stud­ ian, History, History and Literature of C.) The completed "Application ies. The Program of African Studies Religions, Linguistics, Performance for Admission and Financial Aid" (PAS) is pleased to announce to estab­ Studies, Political Science, Radio/TV / form must be received by The Gradu­ lishment of new fellowships for Afri­ Film, Sociology, and Theatre. A Uni­ ate School before the deadline of Janu­ can students who wish to commence versity committee will make the final ary 15, 1990. graduate study at Northwestern Uni­ selections. D.) An applicant for the PAS-NU versity (NU) in September, 1990. Sev­ Application Procedure: A.) All ap­ Fellowship should also write a separ­ eral PAS-NU Fellowships will be plicants for the PAS-NU Fellowships ate letter which sets out his or her re­ awarded each year, through competi­ must secure admission to The Gradu­ search interests and educational expe­ tion, to outstanding incoming students ate School and to the relevant aca­ rience, indicates the department(s) to from the African continent who will demic department; the application which application is being made, and pursue training and research through packet is available from: The Gradu­ requests consideration for the PAS­ to the doctorate with research fo­ ate School, Northwestern University, NU Fellowship. This letter, plus a cur­ cussed on Africa. Each Fellowship will Rebecca Crown Center, Evanston, IL rent curriculum vitae, should also be provide support for up to three years, 60208. Phone: 01-708-491-7264. sent by January 15, 1990 to: PAS-NU with renewal each year based on satis­ B.) Applicants for the P AS-NU Fellowship Commi ttee, The Program factory achievement. Fellowships must attach a letter to the of African Studies, Northwestern Uni­ The PAS-NU Fellowships may be IIApplication for Admission and Fi­ versity, 620 Library Place, Evanston, held by students entering the follow­ nancial Aid" form (included in the ap­ IL 60208, Attn: Akbar M. Virmani. Po­ ing departments: Anthropology, Art plication package) which indicates a tential applicants are encouraged to History, Communication Sciences and request to be considered for a Univer­ contact Mr. Virmani, Assistant Direc­ Disorders, Communication Studies, sity Fellowship through the Program tor of PAS, at the above address for Comparative Literature and Theory, more information.

OPPORTUNITIES FOR STUDY NEH Summer Seminar for Col­ eration emerging around these cleav­ $3,500 for participants chosen for the lege Teachers: "Cultural Pluralism ages, and policy choices conducive to Seminar. Those eligible to apply are and National Integration in Compar­ social harmony and consistent with faculty at non-doctoral institutions ative Perspective." A summer Semi­ equity and justice values will be re­ whose primary duties are undergrad­ nar for College Teachers, under the viewed. The approach will be broadly uate teaching and independent schol­ sponsorship of the National Endow­ comparative and multi-disciplinary, ars, including both American citizens ment for the Humanities, will be or­ and will be global in scope. Both and permanent residents. ganized around the theme of "Cultu­ overall patterns and trends, and par­ For further information and ap­ ral Pluralism and National ticular case studies drawn from dif­ plication details, please write: Profes­ Integration in Comparative Perspec­ ferent world regions will be exam­ sor M. Crawford Young, Department tive," from June 18 to August 10, ined. of Political Science, North Hall, Uni­ 1990. Under the direction of Professor Applications are welcome from versity of Wisconsin-Madison, Madi­ M. Crawford Young, the Seminar will those of any disciplinary background son, WI 53711. Phone: (608) 263-2040. take place at the University of Wis­ with an interest in this topic (for ex­ consin-Madison. ample, anthropology, history, geogra­ The proposed Seminar will ex­ phy, sociology, sociolinguistics, as International Workshop on liThe plore patterns of cultural pluralism well as political science). Any region­ Least Developed Arab Countries and (understood as social affinities and al specialization is equally welcome the Oil Rich Arab Countries: Depen­ solidarities based upon ethnicity, lan­ (Africa, Asia, Middle East, Eastern or dence, Interdependence or Patron­ guage, race, caste or region) within Western Europe, Soviet Union, Unit­ age." Professors Gunnar Sorbo (Uni­ the political setting of the contempo­ ed States, etc). The application dead­ versity of Bergen), Karl Wohlmuth rary state. Forms of conflict and coop­ line is March 1, 1990. (University of Bremen) and M. A. Mo­ NEH will provide a stipend of \ , ! f

hammed Salih (University of Khar­ Centre for Postgraduate Studies sic language instruction to include toum) announce a special course (IUC), Frana Bulica 4, YU-50,OOO Du­ topics in African and Latin American through the Inter-University Centre brovnik, Yugoslavia. culture and development, as well as for Postgraduate Studies, Dubrovnik, informal teaching of daily communi­ I Yugoslavia, to be held May 14-28, cation needs. In addition to six hours 1 1990. The course will examine the rela­ Institutes Of French and Span­ of formal study daily, participants tionship between the least developed ish. The University of Florida an­ have all meals and recreation in Arab countries (Sudan, Somalia, Dji­ nounces its sixth annual Institutes of French or Spanish. Specialists present bouti, Yemen and Mauritania) and the French and Spanish. In 1990, they will slide-lectures on African/Latin Amer­ oil-rich Arab states, including topics offer Winter, Spring and Summer In­ ican studies. Graduate students from such as the extent of Arabization and stitutes of French, and Summer Insti­ Africa and Latin America participate Islamization in the least developed tutes of Spanish. Three levels of class­ in field trips and visits to tourist sites countries; population, agricultural es are offered in each four-week in the region. In this way, participants transformation and livestock develop­ institute which begin January 7, Feb­ learn to communicate in a broad ment; the structure and performance ruary 4, March 25, April 22, June 10 range of situations. of the economies of the least­ and July 8 respectively. The program For more information, please con­ developed countries; and international is designed to meet the needs of pro­ tact Dr. Esther Y. Smith, Foreign Lan­ j migration between rich and poor Arab fessionals in international programs: guage Institute, Division of Continu­ , countries. The course will be offered in agriculture, business, education, engi­ ing Education, University of Florida, English. Fees are 600 Dinnars (about neering, health, and related fields. 2207 NW 13th Street, Gainesville, FL t $3) per week for students. For further Language training in this total im­ 32609. Telephone (904) 392-5186. f information, contact: Inter-University mersion program extends beyond ba­ I EMPLOYMENT I ! The University of Michigan Cen­ and graduate students. Duties will include identification ter for Mroamerican and Mrican Candidates for the directorship of funding opportunities and prepara­ I Studies (CAAS) invites applications must demonstrate a distinguished tion of institutional grant proposals t and nominations for the position of scholarly record, proven administra­ for international and area studies pro­ t Director. Tenure will be housed in a tive skills, long-standing commitment grams, advisement of faculty mem­ • department of relevance. The Center's to Black Studies, and a vision that will bers on individual grant applications, teaching and research programs ana­ secure and further develop the Center recruitment for and coordination of lyze the cultures, conditions, institu­ and its programs. campus Fulbright programs, coordi­ tions, and accomplishments of the Contact: James Jackson, Chair, nation of a publication program in in­ people of African descent in the US, Search Committee for the Director of ternational studies, and coordination the Caribbean, Central and South CAAS, 3060 Fleming Administration of conferences, workshops and hospi­ America, and Africa. The Program is Building, The University of Michigan, tality for visitors. Salary and starting self.·consciously international and Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1340. The date negotiable. comparative, as well as interdiscipli­ Search Committee will begin review­ Applicants should possess an ap­ nary in its approach to scholarship ing applications after January 15, propriate academic background in a and research. 1990. A non-

A Report Prepared by Amnesty Inter­ government, including one academic, northern home town of Owando in national USA Abdislam Samantar Abdi, an econom­ 1974, before benefitting from an am­ ics lecturer. Abdi was released on 21 nesty in 1975. During 1989 Amnesty International October 1989. Monmondjo was educated in Congo once again worked for the release of Hundreds of protesters were arrest­ and France and has held various polit­ academics who are prisoners of con­ ed and taken to army camps and oth­ ical and academic posts. He is a science, that is prisoners held on ac­ er detention centers: 46 were taken to trained journalist and teacher who count of their political views, religious Jezira beach 30 kilometers southwest holds BA and MA degrees in Linguis­ beliefs, or ethnic or racial origin who of Mogadishu and shot dead on 15 tics. In 1971 he was appointed director have neither used nor advocated vio­ July. Victims included three academ­ of the National School of Administra­ lence. This paper contains details ics from the Somali National Universi­ tion (Ecole nationale d'admin­ about ten academics imprisoned in ty in Mogadishu (Lafole campus): istration). During a period of exile in four countries: Congo, Malawi, South Saeed Mohamed Mumin, dean of France in the late 19705 he held the Africa and Sudan. chemistry; Abdirahman Ahmed post of supervisor at the St. Martin de Following the coup in Sudan that Dhimbil, assistant lecturer in physics; France College at Pontoise. Soon after brought a military government head­ and Yusuf Abdillahi Robleh, assistant his return to Congo he became an arts ed by Lieutenant General Omar Has­ lecturer in medicine. A technical lec­ lecturer at the Marien Ngouabi Uni­ san al-Bashir to power, numerous aca­ turer, Mohamoud Ismail Abdi, was versity, a post he held between 1980 demics at the University of Khartoum also among the dead. and 1984. In 1985 he was appointed have been among the hundreds of ci­ Equally tragic was the murder in director of the Office of the People's vilians arrested and detained without South Africa of a prominent human Bookshops, a post he held until the charge or trail. rights campaigner and social anthro­ time of his arrest. In October 1989 there was turmoil at pologist, David Webster. Shot dead the University of Zimbabwe campus outside his home, his killing was con­ MALAWI in Harare, following a government demned by South Africa's Minister of Blaise Machira, a former lecturer at ban on a rally marking the first anni­ Law and Order, and a high-level p0­ the University of Malawi, was arrest­ versary of an anti corruption cam­ lice inquiry was opened. Months later, ed in Zomba in April 1988. He had a paign. The student council leaders his killers have not been found and distinguished academic career that in­ who organized a statement protesting there are many who believe that cluded an MA from the University of the ban, Arthur Muthambara and members of South Africa's security Wisconsin and doctoral studies in Enoch Chikweche, both of whom are forces were involved in the killing. Australia. However, these studies had prisoners of conscience, and four other to be curtailed because of failing men­ students were imprisoned without PRISONERS OF CONSCIENCE tal health. Blaise Machira was diag­ charge or trial under terms of 3O-day nosed as suffering from schizophrenia administrative detention orders im­ CONGO and is reported to have been about to posed by the Minister for Home Af­ Lecas Atondi Monmondjo, a uni­ seek treatment outside Malawi at the fairs, and are still in prison at the time versity lecturer and director of Con­ time of his arrest. He is detained with­ of this writing (November 1989). go's Office of the People's Bookshops, out charge or trial at Mikuyu Prison These recent arrests and detentions, was arrested in Brazzaville on 1 Au­ in Zomba. It is reported that his together with the cases of longer-term gust 1987. Although uncharged since health has deteriorated considerably imprisonment described below, are his arrest, sources have implied that and he is held for long periods of time ample reason for feelings of outrage he is suspected of complicity in a con­ in chains. among academics all over the world. spiracy to topple President Denis Sas­ The detention of Malawi's foremost In addition to imprisonment, howev­ sou-Nguesso. poet, Jack Mapanje, has received er, governments and security forces Monmondjo was previously impris­ much international attention. Born in have unleashed more lethal forms of oned in 1972 in connection with a plot Kandango village in southern Malawi repression. This was seen with tragic against the government by a left-wing 44 years ago, he was educated at the consequences in Somalia in July 1989, faction of the ruling party and was University of Malawi and studied lin­ at a time of mass demonstrations in subsequently sentenced to death. The guistics at the University of London Mogadishu to protest the arrests of death sentence was later commuted to before being appointed head of the prominent religious leaders and a life imprisonment by President Mari­ Department of Language and Litera­ number of intellectual critics of the en Ngouabi. He was banished to his ture at the University of Malawi. Ma- i ! 1 panje was arrested 25 September 1987 regulations. Although released from Ali Abdallah Abbas is a lecturer at in Zomba and has been detained with­ detention on 25 September, he is sub­ the Faculty of Arts at the University of out charge or trial, apparently under a ject to severe restrictions and must re­ Khartoum and was arrested on 14 Au­ presidential detention order, at Mi­ port to police daily , is not allowed to gust 1989. He is also President of the kuyu Prison in Zomba. Coinciding leave his home district and is subject Union of University of Khartoum Lec­ with his arrest his collection of poems, to night-time house arrest. turers. Abbas was a signatory of a Of Chameleons and Gods, was banned. It Thiswilandi Rejoice (Joyce) Mabu­ memorandum submitted to the is believed that Jack Mapanje was pre­ dafhasi, one-time librarian at the Uni­ NSSRCC by representatives of several paring another volume for publication versity of the North, Turnfloop, was professional associations and trade at the time of his detention. In recent detained at the same time as Louis unions, including the Union of Khar­ years his poetry has increasingly dealt Mnguni. She was released under re­ toum University Lecturers, on 31 July with political themes and it is thought strictions on 9 September 1989. Her 1989. The memorandum protested the that his subject matter has met with restriction order includes a prohibi­ suppression of trade unions and the disapproval of the authorities. tion on her entering any educational called on the government to allow Vera Chirwa, a Malawian exile who institution, which effectively prevents trade unions both to participate in the lectured in law at the University of her from resuming her former em­ drafting of a new trade union law pro­ Zambia, continues to be in Mikuyu ployment. She is required to report posed by the government and to su­ Prison in Malawi. She was arrested in twice daily to the police station and to pervise any future trade union elec­ December 1981 along with her hus­ be in her home between 1800 hours tions. The signatories of the band, Orton Chirwa, a prominent po­ and 0600 hours daily. Since her re­ memorandum, together with other litical opponent of Life-President Ban­ lease and restriction she has been re­ trade unionists and members of pro­ da, allegedly after being forcibly peatedly harassed by the security p0­ fessional associations, were subse­ abducted from Zambian territory by lice who have visited her frequently quentlyarrested. the Malawian authorities. Both were late at night and have searched the Khalid aI-Kid, a writer and lecturer sentenced to death in an unfair trial house for hours. On 2 October 1989, in politics at Omdurman Ahlia Uni­ before a Traditional Court in May six heavily armed police arrested her versity, was arrested on 17 July 1989. 1983. Their death sentences were com­ from her home at approximately 1 :30 He received his doctorate from the muted to life imprisonment following am and held her "for questioning" for University of Reading in the United international appeals in 1984. Amnes­ about twelve hours. Visitors to her Kingdom. He is a member of the Su­ ty International believes both Vera home have reportedly been harassed dan Communist Party and was a reg­ and Orton Chirwa are prisoners of by members of the security police. ular contributor to al-Maidan and al­ conscience, detained solely for their Prior to a previous arrest on June Khartoum newspapers. non-violent opposition to Life­ 1986, she was Northern Transvaal Sec­ President Banda. Their health has seri­ retary of the United Democratic Front. PRISONERS RELEASED IN LATE ously deteriorated as a result of their On April 1986 following extensive p0­ 1988 OR IN 1989 prolonged imprisonment in poor con­ lice searching of her home, she was ditions. the victim of a bomb attack in which GHANA she received severe injuries, particu­ Kwame Karikari, lecturer in the SOUTH AFRICA larly to the eyes. School of Broadcasting and Mass Louis Aaron Mnguni, age 35, lectur­ Communications, University of Gha­ er in law at the University of the SUDAN na, former Director General of the North, Turnfloop, Northern Transvaal, Ushari Ahmed Mahmoud, a lectur­ Ghana Broadcasting Corporation, was detained on 15 August 1989 with er in languages at the University of chairman of the new Democratic others under the State of Emergency Khartoum and director of an Arab Movement; arrested July 1987, de­ regulations that have been in force in teaching institute, was arrested on 8 tained indefinitely without charge or South Africa for three years. He ap­ July 1989. He is also a human rights trial. pears to have been detained in connec­ activist. tion with a student boycott of classes Rashir Omar Fadlalla, a lecturer at KENYA called to protest the presence of securi­ the Faculty of Economics at the Uni­ Joseph Kamonye Manje, lecturer at ty police on the campus. He is also the versity of Khartoum, was arrested on Kenya Science Teachers College; ar­ acting president of the Northern 17 August 1989. He is a member of rested March 1986, serving a 5-year Transvaal region of the United Demo­ the Umma Party and held posts of sentence for alleged possessions of a cratic Front (UDF), a non-violent anti­ Minister of Finance, Minister of Ener­ seditious publication, sentence re­ apartheid organization severely re­ gy and Minister of Culture and Infor­ duced on appeal to 3 years. stricted under the State of Emergency mation in previous governments. Mukaru Ng'ang'a, former history tional University; arrested November, Thomas Houedete, lecturer in eco­ lecturer at the University of Nairobi 1982, sentenced to death for treason in nomics, University of Benin; arrested and research fellow at the Institute of February 1988. Death sentence com­ April 1985, detained indefinitely with­ African Studies, Nairobi. Arrested muted in 1988. out charge or trail. April 1986, detained indefinitely with­ Released in March 1989 but not al­ out charge or trail. lowed to leave Somalia to travel abroad for medical treatment. Amnesty suggests that, should ASA SOMAUA members wish to write on behalf of aca­ Abdi Ismail Ynis, research fellow at BENIN demic prisoners of conscience, they ad­ the Somali Academy of Sciences, Di­ Eugene Azatassou, lecturer in math­ dress courteous appeals for immediate and rector of Planning at the MiniStry of ematics, University of Benin; arrested unconditional release to the relevant em­ Higher Education, former Dean of Ed­ April 1985, detained indefinitely with­ bassies in the US. ucation at Lafole College, Somali Na­ ou t charge on trial.

i NEW PUBLICATIONS FROM OVERSEAS I i Current Writing is a new journal, The ANC Newsbriefing is pub­ problems of Africa and the Third ! ! published annually, taking as its sub­ lished weekly, and contains extensive World. i ject writing of the last fifteen years reports on current events in South Af­ Economic Development of I within Southern Africa. Volume 1 fo­ rica. Subscribers also receive ANC Cameroon by W. A. Ndongko and I cuses on Text and Reception in South­ press statements and other docu­ Franklin Vivekananda. Analyzes the ern Africa. Volume 2 will focus on ments. One year's subscrition is economic development of Cameroon Women's Writing and Feminist Criti­ $110.00. Write: ANC Newsbriefing, since the colonial period. cism, and Volume 3 on Autobiograph­ PO Box 38, 28 Penton Street, London Bilateral and Multinational Ec­ ical Writing. Subscription Rates: Indi­ NI 9PR, United Kingdom. onomic Cooperation in West Africa I viduals $7.00 (R7.00), Institutions by W. A. Ndongka and Franklin Vi­ I $12.00 (R 12.00). Contact: The Editor, vekananda. Examines the economic Current Writing, c/o Department of Critical Essays on African and setting, present trade pattern and ec­ English, University of Natal, King Third World Economic Development onomic cooperation in West Africa. ! George V Avenue, Durban 4001, by W. A. Ndongko and Franklin Vi­ Available from: The Publications t South Africa. vekananda. Examines contemporary Manager, Bethany Books, PO Box economic development issues and

RECENT OR FORTHCOMING PUBLICATIONS OF MEMBERS OF THE ARCHIVES-LIBRARIES COMMITTEE AND OTHERS raphy." In Africana Resources (1): 9-17. compiled by Demoz, Abraham. "Hans Panofsky: A Personal Reminiscence." In Africana Resources (1): 1-8. Yvette Scheven and John Bruce Howell Easterbrook, David L. 'The Archives-Libraries Committee and the Cooperative Africana Microform Project: A Brief History." In Africana Resources and Collections: Three Decades of Development and Africana Resources (1): 18-38. Achievement: A Festschrift in Honor of Hans Panofsky, edited by Ju­ Gray, Beverly A. "Africana Aquisitions at the Library of Con­ lian W. Witherell. Metuchen, NJ; London: Scarecrow Press, 1989. gress." In Africana Resources (1): 62-76. 257pp. Henige, David. "Guidelines for Preparing Africana Bibliogra­ Contents listed below by contributor. phies." ASA News 22, no. 4 (Oct./Dec. 1989): 7-13. Henige, David. 'The Half Life of African Archives." In AfriCl1.1IIl Bischof, Phyllis; Scheven, Yvette; Shayne, Mette. "Africana Refer­ Resources (1): 198-212. ence Works: An Annotated List of 1988 Titles." African Book Howell, John Bruce. "Creating a Standard List Online of Books on Publishing Record 15, no. 2 (1989): 79-89. African Studies for Undergraduate Libraries and Keeping It Bishof, Phyllis. "Publishing and the Book Trade in Africa, and Its Up-to-Date." In Africa1lll Resources (1): 108-117. Implications for American Libraries," submitted to Journal of Academic Librarianship. Howell, John Bruce. Rural Health in Kenya: A Guide to the Literature. Crossey, Moore. "Hans Panofsky: Biographical Notes and Bibliog­ Iowa City, IA: University of Iowa Libraries with the Center I I r& I for International and Comparative Studies, 1989. 290 pp. cana Resources (1): 118-lSO. Kagan Alfred; Nyquist, Corrine. "Guidelines for Librarians Inter­ Walsh, Gretchen. "Africana Language Materials: Challenges and acting with South Africa." Africana Libraries Newsletter 59 ResponSibilities in Collection Management." In Africana Re­ (July 1989): 4-5, and ASA News 22, no. 3 (July/Sept. 1989): 19­ sources (1): 77-107. 21. Walsh, Gretchen. "Reading for a Free South Africa." Choice 26, Lauer, Joseph J. "Geography of African Studies: Regional and Na­ no. 11/12 (July/ Aug. 1981): 1789-1799. tional Emphases in Dissertation and Other Research." In Afri­ Walsh, Gretchen. ''The Book Famine: Opportunities for Recipro­ cana Resources (1): 178-197. cal Self-Interest." ASA News 22, no. 3 (July/Sept. 1989): 22­ Lauer, Joseph J.; Kagan, Alfred; Larkin, Gregory V. American and 24. Canadian Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses on Africa, Walsh, Gretchen. ''The Book Famine," chapter in a forthcoming 1974-1987. Atlanta: Crossroads Press, 1989. volume entitled The R.ole of Academic Libraries in International Lems-Dworkin, Carol. Annotated Bibliography on African Music, Studies Programs, due out early in 1990. forthcoming in 1991 or 1992. Westley, David. Guide to African lAnguage Materials in the Boston Levey, Lisbeth A. "AAAS/ACLS [American Association for the University Libraries (new edition is in production). Advancement of Science/American Council of Learned Soci­ Widenmann, Elizabeth A. "Recent Developments in Africana eties] Sub-Saharan Africa Journal Distribution Program." Cataloging in the Vnited States (1973-1988)." In Africana Re­ ASA News 22, no. 3 (July/Sept. 1989): 24-27. sources (1): 39-61. Sarnoff, Joel. South Africa at Stanford: A Survey of R.esources for Woodson, Dorothy C. "Pathos, Mirth, Murder, and Sweet Aban­ Learning and Research. Stanford, CA: Vniversity Committe on don": The Early Life and Times of Drum. In Africana Resourc­ Faculty Initiative on South Africa, 1989. es (1): 228-246. Scheven, Yvette. "Bibliographical Explorers of Africa." In Africana Resources (1): 213-227. Schmidt, Nancy. "Visualizing Africa: The Bibliography of Films by Sub-Saharan African Filmmakers." In Africana Resources (1): 151-177. Stanley, Janet. "Documenting African Material Culture." In Afri­

RECENT DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS compiled by Joseph J. Lauer (Michigan State University) pest control decision making in developing agriculture: The Tonga farm­ ers of the Mazabuka District, Zambia, 1981-1982. A case study. Ph.D., Council for National Academic Awards (UK), 1988. 485p. The theses listed below were reported in Dissertation DAI50B:1159. BX85560. Abstracts International (DAD, vol. 50, nos. 3-4, parts A and B. Each citation ends with a page reference to the abstract Botha, Amanda Theophila. Assessment of air pollution impacts on and order number (if any) for copies. Most U. S. disserta­ vegetation in South Africa. Ph.D., Virginia Poly. Inst. &: State V., tions are available from University Microfilms Interna­ 1989. 359p. DAI50B:1184. 8915717. tional (300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346). Canadian theses are available from the National Library Igbodipe, Alfred Babajide. Price and foreign exchange eJ2rnings effects of Canada (395 Wellington St., Ottawa K1A ON4). British of log export policies: A simulation approach applied to Nigeria. Ph.D., (UK) theses available from the British Library have order V. of California, Berkeley, 1988. 386p. DAlSOB:1l76. 8916710. numbers with a "B" (for "BRD") prefix. See DAI for de­ tails on ordering. Shongwe, Gideon Ngaka. Effect of pH on AI-orthophosphate interac­ This is the fifth quarterly supplement to American and tions in some acidic Swaziland soils. Ohio State V., 1989. 274p. Canadian Doctoral Dissertations and Masters Theses on Afri­ DAlSOB:1l64.8913699. ca, 1974-1987 (Atlanta: Crossroads Press, 1989). This series lists all U.S., Canadian and British dissertations about M­ ANTHROPOLOGY rica that are abstracted in DAI. Researchers interested in a particular author or keyword should consult the indexes Ammar, Nawal Hamed. An Egyptian village growing up: SiIwa, the of DAI or Comprehensive Dissertation Index. governorate of Aswan. Ph.D., V. of Florida, 1988. 440p. DAI50A:0720.891203O. AGRICULTURE Cronk, Lee Frederick. The behavior ecology of change among the Mu­ Abrahamse, Tanya. Perception of pests and pest management and kogodo of Kenya. Ph.D., Northwestern V., 1989. 320p. 1 I i f

t I DAl50A:0987.8913966. dence. Ph.D., U. of California, Berkeley, 1988. 443p. DAI5OA:1018. 8916680. Crumbley, Deidre Helen. Indigenous institution building in an Afro­ Christian movement: The AIadura as a case study.[Nigeria]. Ph.D., Kim, Yong Eul. An econometric analysis of import demand for rice in Northwestern U., 1989. 421p. DAI50A:988. 8913967. the Middle East and Africa. Ph.D., Mississippi State U., 1988. 97p. f DAI50A:0750.8905941. Drewal, Margaret Thompson. Performers, play, and agency: Yoruba I ritual process.[Nigeria]. Ph.D., New York U., 1989. 536p. Loveridge, Scott. Uses of farm and market survey data to inform food DAI5OA:0988. 8916066. security policy in Rwanda. Ph.D., Michigan State U., 1989. 559p. DAI50A:0751. 8916504. Hom, Nancy Ellen. The culture, urban context and economics of wom­ en's fresh produce marketing in Harare, Zimbabwe. Ph.D., Michigan Maklad, Ramadan Mohammed. An economic evaluation of the Egyp­ State U., 1988. 272p. DAI5OA:0722. 8912585. tian open-door policy using the shift-share method. Ph.D., Colorado State U., 1988. 229p. DAI5OA:0745. 8911816. McMillan, Timothy John. Colonial resistance in Kenya: The Kipsigis orgoiik. Ph.D., U. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1988. 217p. Nglande Banda, Elias Everson. Malawi smallholder and estate farm DAl5OA:0722.8914450. interactions: An econometric policy simulation model. Ph.D., Boston U., 1989. 226p. DAI50A:0753. 8910804. BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Ojong, Okune Ignatius. The impact of public capital expenditure on Bougara, Omar. The theory and practice of self-management in Alge­ the development of the manufacturing sector of Sub-Saharan African ria. Ph.D., Council for National Academic Awards (United King­ states: The case of Nigeria. Ph.D., M.S.U., 1988. 193p. DAI5OA:0758. dom), 1988. 323p. DAI50A:1001. BX85646. 8912624.

ECONOMICS Rose, Margarita Maria. Transportation and dependency: The case of Southern Africa. Ph.D., U. of Notre Dame, 1989. 282p. Adesina, Akinwumi Ayodeji. Farmer behavior and new agricultural DAI50A:1037.8915879. technologies in the rainfed agriculture of southern Niger: A stochastic programming analysis. Ph.D., Purdue U., 1988. 155p. DAI50A:0747. Saeed, Awadalla Mohamed. Socio-economic models of adoption of ag­ 8911858. ricultural innovations in the Sudan and their implications for agricultu­ ral development programs. Ph.D., Cornell U., 1989. 363p. Ahmed, Abdelmoneim Taha. An agricultural sector model for the DAI50A:0754.8915187. northern region of Sudan to evaluate new Jaba beans technologies. Ph.D., Purdue U., 1988. 167p. DAI50A:0748. 8911859. Simsaa, Layia El Awad. Industrialization and transformation in the Sudan. Ph.D., U. of ,Sussex (UK), 1988. 456p. DAI5OA:1031. Ahmed, Mustafa Babiker. Agrarian change in Dar Hamar: A study BX85520. in the development of export crop production and desertification from western Sudan. Ph.D., U. of Hull (UK), 1987. 284p. DAI50A:0748. Wague, Amadou. Mobilization of rural Sf.Wings in developing coun­ BX85378. tries: The case of Mali. Ph.D., U. of Cincinnati, 1988. 143p. DAI50A:1026.8908489. Alwang, Jeffrey Roger. The effect of commodity price policy and household structure on nutritional status in Cote d'Ivoire. Ph.D., Cor­ EDUCATION nell U., 1989. 318p. DAI50A:0748. 8915059. Acho, Onyebuchi Sunday. Love attitudes and marital adjustment Chipande, G.H.&. Smallholder agriculture as a rural development through five stages of the marital-cycle in protestant Nigerian society. strategy: The case of Malawi. Ph.D., U. of Glasgow (UK), 1983. 293p. Ph.D., U. of North Texas, 1988. 65p. DAI50A:0876. 8908901. DAl50A:1022. BX85651. Ade-Mobufor, Michael Ivo. The mission of higher education in Came­ Diamini, Musa. Development, administrative reform and the civil ser­ roon: A case study of Yaounde University from 1962 to 1975. Ph.D., vice: The case of Swaziland. Ph.D., U. of Manchester (UK), 1988. Northwestern U., 1989. 293p. DAI50A:0881. 8913953. 295p. DAI50A:1027. B-85819. Adamu, Abdalla Uba. Science, schooling and manpower production in Grosh, Barbara Ann. Improving the economic performance of public Nigeria: A study of Kano State Science Secondary Schools, 1977-1987. enterprises in Kenya: Lessons from the first two decades of indepen­ D.Phil., U. of Sussex (UK), 1988. 463p. DAI50A:0913. BX85513. Falade, Christianah Iyabode. The involvement of on-campus and off­ FOLKLORE campus students in academic and non-academic activities in Nigeri4n universitites. Ph.D., U. of Florida, 1988. 163p. DAI50A:0580. Domowitz, Susan. An ethnography of storytelling in two Anyi com­ 8912053. munities (Ivory Coast). Ph.D., Indiana U., 1988. 375p. DAISOA:1047. 8910142. Fonge, Michael Fotoh. An analysis of problems experienced by Came­ roon students enrolled in colleges and universities in the United States Ngole, Jean-Pierre. Bargaining strategies as performance: An ethno­ of America: Administrative implications. Ed.D., Texas Southern U., graphic and sociolinguistic study of women fishellers in Congo. Ph.D., 1987. 135p. DAI50A:0581. 8905268. Indiana U., 1988. 505p. DAI50A:1048. 8914828.

lsoh, Aloysius David. Selected program development concepts, usage, HISTORY and training needs as perceived by extension workers in Cross River and Akwa Thom States of Nigeri4. Ed.D., Mississippi State U., 1989. 170p. Al-Solami, Dawi Awaad. British preparations for the Suez War­ DAI50A:0855.8917068. 1956. Ph.D., U. of Exeter (UK), 1988. 397p. DAISOA:0777. BX85403.

Katzao, J.}. A critical appraisal of post-primary education (including Andrade-Watkins, Claire. Francophone African cinema: French finan­ technical) in Namibi4 and its contribution to the growth of the national cial and technical assistance, 1961-1977. Ph.D., Boston U., 1989. 314p. economy. Ph.D., U. of Wales (UK), 1983. 297p. DAI50A:0833. DAI50A:1056.8913761. BX85854. Brock, Lisa Ann. From kingdom to colonial district: A political econo­ Mutangira, Joseph Phillibert Baijukya. The development of the Insti­ my of social change in Gazaland, southern Mozambique, 1870-1930. tute of Adult Education, Dar-es-Salaam, 1960-1985: Policies, structures Ph.D., Northwestern U., 1989. 352p. DAI50A:1056. 8913959. and performance. Ph.D., U. of Southampton (UK), 1988. 643p. DAI50A:0853. Farrar, Vincent Kenneth. Traditional Akan architecture and building construction: A technological and historical study.[Ghanal. Ph.D., U. Nnane, Peter Ebontane. Equity in access to and costs of higher educa­ of California, Berkeley, 1988. 234p. DAI50A:1056. 8916657. tion in Cameroon: The case of the University of Yaounde. Ed.D., State U. of New York at Albany, 1988. 335p. DAI50A:0589. 8910790. Hanson, John Henry. Umari4n Karla (Mali, West Africa) during the late nineteenth century: Dissent and revolt among the Futanke after Ojo, Gabriel Adebayo. The functions of an educational minister with­ Umar Tal's holy war. Ph.D., Michigan State U., 1989. 332p. in the socio-cultural context of the Nigerian Baptist Convention church­ DAI50A:0773.8916484. es. Ed.D., Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, 1989. 251p. JOURNALISM DAI50A:0657.8915270. Okeowo, Ayoleke David. Newspaper literacy programs in the United Vere, Joseph Chamunorwa. The development and validation of an ex­ States and their possible application in Nigeria. Ph.D., The U. of Ten­ amination to measure mathematics achievement at the lower secondary nessee, 1988. 142p. DAI50A:0564. 8911745. school level in Zimbabwe. Ed.D., Columbia U. Teachers College, 1989. 125p. DAI50A:0619. 8913140. LAW

Youssef, Omaia Ahmed Ali. The effect of two schema-based strategies Elkhalifa, Abdelrahman Ibrahim. Development and future of English on Egyptian high school students' comprehension of EFL. Ph.D., India­ law and Islamic law in the Sudan. D.CL., McGill U. (Canada), 1989. na U., 1988. 250p. DAI50A:0870. 8910155. DAI50A:1072.

FINE ARTS Kawana, Albert Jacob. The political economy of mining laws and regu­ lations in Namibi4 from 1184 to 1986. Ph.D., U. of Warwick (UK), Frank, Barbara E. Mande leatherworking: A study of style, technology 1988. 609p. DAI50A:1072. B-8586O. and identity.[West Africal. Ph.D., Indiana U., 1988. 345p. DAISOA:0815.8914813. LIBRARY SCIENCE Romano, James F. The Bes-image in Pharaonic Egypt. Ph.D., New York u., 1989. 1220p. DAISOA:0816. 8916086. Tadesse, Taye. The development of Addis Ababa University Library in the pre-revolutionary Ethiopi4, 1950-1974: A historical study. Ph.D., U. Vassilika, Eleni. Ptolemaic Philae.[Egyptl. Ph.D., New York U., of Pittsburgh, 1988. 338p. DAI50A:0819. 8913611. 1989. 910p. DAI50A:0816. 8916093. LINGUISTICS nationalism in post-colonial Africa, 1959-1979. Ph.D., Ohio State U., 1989. 354p. DAI5OA:1082. 8913636. Lloret-Romanyach, Maria-Rosa. Gemination and vowel length in Oromo morphophonology.[Ethiopial. Ph.D., Indiana U., 1988. 237p. Gasarasi, Charles Paulinus. The effect of Africa's exiles/refugees upon DAI5OA:0938.8914821. inter-African state relations: Conflict and cooperation, 1958-1988. Ph.D., Tulane U., 1988. 316p. DAI50A:1076. 8913082. Machobane, Malillo Matsepo. Some restrictions on the Sesotho tran­ sitivizing morphemes. Ph.D., McGill U. (Canada), 1989. Gottschalk, Paul Allwell. Building peace in South Africa. Ph.D., U. of DAI50A:0938. Maryland College Park, 1988. 243p. DAISOA:1077. 8912294.

Rubanza, Yunus Ismail. Linear order in Raya verbal morphology: Ibrahim, Omar Farouk. The fabric of rule: A study of the position of Theoretical implications.[Tanzania]. Ph.D., Michigan State U., 1988. traditional ruling families in the politics of Kano State, Nigeria, 1960­ 338p. DAI50A:0677. 8912631. 1983. Ph.D., Rutgers U., 1988. 244p. DAI50A:1078. 8914232.

Sani, SammanL Political language as a source of lexical expansion: The Lombardi, Mark Owen. Superpower intervention in sub-Saharan Af­ case of Rausa. Ph.D., Indiana U., 1988. 151p. DAI5OA:0940. rica: A framework for analyzing third world conflicts. PhD., Ohio 8910170. State U., 1989. 533p. DAI5OA:1083. 8913675.

LITERATURE Malepe, Lesego Matshabi. Convergence versus divergence: Political change in South Africa. Ph.D., Boston U., 1989. 215p. DAISOA:1079. Balisidya, May Lenna N. Language planning and oral creativity in 8915704. Tanzania. Ph.D., U. of Wisconsin-Madison, 1988. 449p. DAI5OA:0683. 8820034. Omuoreh, Uve. International law and the human rights of migrant workers in Africa with particular reforence to Nigeria. Ph.D., U. of Es­ Mugambi, Helen Nabasuta. The wounded psyche and beyond: Con­ sex (UK), 1988. 453p. DAI50A:1084. 8-85507. formity and marginality in selected African and Afro-American novels. Ph.D., Indiana U., 1988. 245p. DAI50A:0944. 8914826. Washington, Charles Alvin. Implementing site and service programs in Zambia: 1965-1980. Ph.D., Indiana U., 1988. 369p. DAISOA:I088. O'Connell, Joanna. Prospero's daughters: Language and allegiance in 8914839. the novels of Rosario Castellanos and Nadine Gordimer.[South Africa]. Ph.D., U. of California, Berkeley, 1988. 355p. DAI50A:0944. 8916818. SCIENCES &; ENGINEERING

MASS COMMUNICATION Bakhella, Mohamed. Identification and classification of Moroccan wheats. Ph.D., Kansas State U., 1988. 206p. DAI50B:0802. Food Sci­ Adam, Abdurrahman M. The revival of sodo-cultural heritage using ence.8911516. electronic media among Rausa-speaking people of Kano State, Nigeria. Ph.D., Northwestern U., 1989. 426p. DAI50A:0820. 8913952. Csete, Joanne. Determinants of young children's nutritional status in a Rwandan highland region with special attention to the Gishwati potato Higiro, Jean-Marie Vianney. U.S. television network news coverage of scheme. Ph.D., Cornell U., 1989. 452p. DAI50B:0908. Nutrition. the 1984-1985 famine in Sub-Saharan Africa. Ph.D., U. of Texas at 8915129. Austin, 1988. 269p. DAI5OA:0821. 8909670. Kalina, JoAnne (Jan). Ecology and behavior of the black-and-white cas­ POLITICAL SCIENCE qued hornbill (Bycanistes subcylindricus subquadratus) in Kibale Forest, Uganda. Ph.D., Michigan State U., 1988. 193p. DAISOB:0807. Fo­ Aju, Akindele. Reindustrialisation and government industrial research restry & Wildlife. 8912596. institutes in an inert economy.fNigerial. Ph.D., U. of Manchester (UK), 1988. 321p. DAI50A:1085. B-85574. Mufunda, Jacob. Blood pressure sensitivity to dietary sodium in Zim­ babwean men. Ph.D., Michigan State U., 1989. 145p. DAI5OB:0871. Dimah, Agher. The triumph of pragmatism: Nigeria's role in the Or­ Physiology. 8916513. I ganization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. Ph.D., Washington State U., 1988. 395p. DAISOA:1082. 8915899. Richardson, Mark. Tectonic and stratigraphic evolution of the Neogene I Gulf of Suez and northern Red Sea rift: Depositional environment and Ejike, Satch Uba. Direct investment disputes and U.S. corporate multi- hydrocarbon source potential of evaporites. Ph.D., U. of Rhode Island, I i ! ~ 1988. 495p. DAI50B:1294. Geology. 8913031. SOCIOLOGY

Sabuni, George Abell. Invasion of the Serengeti National Park by Sol­ Ben-Achour, M. Arbi. An inquiry into the basis of rejection of agricul­ anum incanum.(Tanzania]. Ph.D., Syracuse U., 1988. 302p. tural innovations by small farm operators: A case study of a Tunisian DAISOB:0828. Biology. 8907886. rural community. Ph.D., U. of Missouri - Columbia, 1988. 295p. DAI50A:1107.8915295. Taticheff, Seyoum. Immune responses to Simulium bites and their re­ lationship with the pathology of onchocerciasis in Bebeka, Ethiopla. Mbabu, Adiel Nkonge. The transformation ofKenya's agrarlan sector: Ph.D., Michigan State U., 1989. 163p. DAlSOB:0876. Zoology. The case of western Kenya. Ph.D., U. of Missouri - Columbia, 1988. 8916528. 290p. DAI50A:1109. 8915328.

Tsingalia, Mugatsia Harrison. Animals and the regeneration of an Af­ Otaigbe, Michael Ijezele. An analysis of Nigerian agricultural poli­ rican rainforest tree. Ph.D., U. of California, Berkeley, 1988. 376p. cies, 1960-1987. Ph.D., American U., 1988. 143p. DAI50A:1110. DAISOB:1284. Zoology. 8916924. 8916131.

SOCIAL WORK Olivier, Johan Louis. Collective violence in South Africa: A study of ethnic collective action in the Pretorla-Witwatersrand-Vaaltrlangle area, Ezeolu, Jane Ngozi. An integrated "wiel of structural and perfor­ 1970-1984. Ph.D., Cornell U., 1989. 166p. DAI50A:0798. 8915195. mance determination: An empirical study of the impact of contextual and strategic choice factors on organizational structure and performance THEATER of manufacturing firms in Nigeria. Ph.D., Kent State U., 1988. 368p. DAlSOA:0792. 8911352. I al-Magaleh, Abdullah Ali. Tawfiq al-Hakim's quest to originate Ara­ bic drama: An assessment of his theoretical endeavors.[Egypt]. Ph.D., Indiana U., 1988. 249p. DAI50A:083O. 8910156.

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